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Principles 1 PRINCIPLES FOR THE DISPLAY OF CATALOGER- CREATED METADATA By Martha M. Yee February 15, 2002, draft 2 Principles CONTENTS General 11 General principle 1, Functions of the catalog. 11 General principle 2, Effective and efficient displays of large retrievals should be available. 16 General principle 3, Display what was searched. 17 General principle 4, Emphasize author, corporate body, work, subject or other search terms sought in resultant display. 17 General principle 5, Highlight terms matched. 18 General principle 6, Treat display, sorting, and indexing as separate and independent functions. 18 General principle 7, Respect filing indicators and symbols. 18 General principle 8, The order for sorting of headings or records should be based on the language of the catalog. 19 General principle 9, Provide compact summary displays. 19 General principle 10, Provide logical compression. 19 General principle 11, Avoid repetition of the same heading or bibliographic record in a single display. 20 General principle 12, Create a zero-results display that can help a user reformulate a search if necessary. 20 General principle 13, Preserve punctuation and case as set by catalogers in all displays. 21 General principle 14, Design the graphics, help icons, home pages or introductory screens of the OPAC for its primary audience. 21 General principle 15, Do not duplicate records for display purposes. 21 General principle 16, Display bibliographic data with maximum fidelity to conventions for the written forms of languages. 22 General principle 17, Create displays in the language(s) of the catalog. 22 Principles 3 General principle 18, Bear in mind the needs of visually impaired users. 22 General recommendations (GR) 22 Heading displays 26 Heading principle 1, The headings principle. 26 Heading principle 2, Integrate cross references in displays. 27 Heading principle 3, Respect sorting elements 28 Heading principle 4, Never arbitrarily truncate a heading or a sorting element for either sorting or display in uncompressed displays. 28 Heading principle 5, Provide a default, easily scannable, logical sort in every display of two or more headings. 29 Heading principle 6, Maintain an attachment between a heading and the bibliographic records that contain it. 29 Heading display recommendations (H) 30 Name heading displays 30 Name heading principle 1, Display works about an author or corporate body with the works of the author or corporate Body. 30 Name heading principle 2, Display the hierarchical relationship between a corporate body and its subordinate body(ies). 31 Name heading display recommendations (N) 31 N.1. Display of multiple name headings, including cross references 31 N.1.1. Retrieved in any type of search 32 N.1.2. Retrieved in a keyword-within-heading search 32 N.1.3. Retrieved in an exact-beginning search 32 N.1.4. Retrieved in a phrase search of headings 33 4 Principles N.2. Display of the works under a single selected name heading 33 Work heading displays 34 Work heading principle 1, Display works about a work or related to a particular work with the work. 34 Work heading principle 2, Create clear displays of serial works that have changed title. 35 Work heading principle 3, Display the hierarchical relationship between a work and its parts. 35 Work heading display recommendations (W) 35 W.1. Display of manifestations of expressions of a single work, works related to it, works containing it and works about it 35 W.2. Serials 36 W.3. Items in a Series 36 Subject and genre/form heading displays 37 Subject heading principle 1, Display the hierarchical relationship between a heading and its subject subdivision(s). 37 Subject and genre/form heading display recommendations (S) 37 S.1. Display of multiple subject and genre/form headings, including cross references 37 S.1.1. Retrieved in any type of search 37 S.1.2. Retrieved in a keyword-within-heading search 38 S.1.3. Retrieved in an exact-beginning search 38 S.1.4. Retrieved in a phrase search of headings 39 S.2. Display of the works under a single selected subject or genre/form heading 39 Principles 5 Works about and examples of a genre or form heading Displays 40 Genre/form principle 1, Display works about a particular genre or form with examples of the genre or form. 40 Works about and examples of a genre/form heading display recommendations (G/W) 40 Classification displays 40 Classification principle 1, Display the hierarchical relationship between a classification number and the entire classification. 40 C.1. Display of multiple call numbers 41 C.2. Display of multiple classification numbers 41 C.2.1. Display of multiple class numbers in hierarchical order 41 C.2.2. Display of the works under a single selected class number 42 C.2.3. Display of classification number in a single bibliographic record 43 Title search displays 43 T.1. Display of multiple title headings 43 T.1.1. Retrieved in a keyword-within-heading search 44 T.1.2. Retrieved in an exact-beginning search 44 T.1.3. Retrieved in a phrase search of headings 44 T.2. Display of the works under a single selected title heading 45 Multiple bibliographic record displays 45 Multiple bibliographic principle 1, Provide a 6 Principles default, easily scannable, logical sort in every display of two or more bibliographic records. 45 Multiple bibliographic record display recommendations (MB) 46 Displays following keyword-within-record and phrase searches of bibliographic records 47 KW.1. Display of multiple records retrieved on cross-field keyword-within-record and phrase searches of bibliographic records 47 Single bibliographic record displays 47 Single bibliographic principle 1, Display fields and subfields in the order set by the cataloger. 47 Single bibliographic principle 2, Use the International Standard Bibliographic Descriptions (ISBDs) as international display standards. 48 Single bibliographic principle 3, Supply other punctuation or text when necessary. 49 Single bibliographic principle 4, Make the default single-record display the full display 49 Multiple bibliographic record display recommendations (SB) 50 FIGURES 55 GLOSSARY 185 BIBLIOGRAPHY OF CATALOG USE AND RECORD STUDIES 203 Principles 7 FIGURES Figure 1. Comparisons of headings displays with displays that bypass headings displays 55 Figure 2. Example of a name-title heading 75 Figure 3. Examples of selectable references 76 Figure 4. Displays following the principle of sorting elements contrasted with those that do not 79 Figure 5. Examples of LCSH headings that are correct only if subfield codes are left in the order input 82 Figure 6. Example of a compressed display of the results of a keyword-within-heading subject search on the term colonization 83 Figure 7. Examples of logical sorting of headings 85 Figure 8. Examples of displays of works about an author, corporate body or work or related to a particular work 88 Figure 9. Examples of a displays consisting of both examples of, and works about a particular genre or form 102 Figure 10. Example of a display of a serial that has changed title over time 105 Figure 11. Example of an uncompressed heading display that includes display of subdivisions 106 Figure 12. Example of a possible display when the user has chosen a heading for a corporate body that has subordinate bodies 107 Figure 13. Examples of displays of the numbered and/or named parts of a work 109 Figure 14. Examples of ISBD displays 112 Figure 15. Examples showing the importance of diacritics and special characters 113 Figure 16. Example demonstrating the need to display as many records as possible, minimize white space, and display first the element sorted on 114 Figure 17. Examples of summary bibliographic displays 115 Figure 18. Example of the value of display navigation 124 8 Principles Figure 19. Examples of single-record displays 125 Figure 20. Examples demonstrating the value of displaying tracings 133 Figure 21. Examples of poorly functioning field labels in a single-record display 141 Figure 22. Example of a display of an electronic location and access field 142 Figure 23. Example of a display of an author who uses multiple bibliographic identities (real name(s) and/or pseudonym(s)) that allows users the option of viewing all of the works of the author 143 Figure 24. Examples of authority record displays 144 Figure 25. Example of a headings display that begins with the first keyword the user typed in 145 Figure 26. Example of a summary display of headings matched that places the user's search in context in the entire index next to the heading that most closely matches the search 146 Figure 27. Examples of displays with and without uniform titles 147 Figure 28. Example of a display that would allow the user to ask for a term with all narrower terms under it 150 Figure 29. Example of a display that labels subject headings as to their source for use in catalogs that derive their subject headings from more than one list or thesaurus 151 Figure 30. Example of a subject authority record with useful scope notes 153 Figure 31. Example of a failed exact-beginning subject search on chaos theory placed in the context of alphabetically close subject headings 154 Figure 32. Example of a genre/form authority record with useful scope notes 155 Figure 33. Examples of possible use of a subject heading search to lead a user into the classification 156 Figure 34. Example of a display of a classification number in a single bibliographic record 162 Figure 35. Spanish sort order for a Spanish language catalog 163 Principles 9 Figure 36. An optional function to allow users to create bibliographies by allowing selection of the bibliographic records under more than one heading 164 Figure 37.
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