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CIVIL PROGRESS

A Collection of News Articles from 1793 – 1865. Stony Point, Virgini a 10 cents

1793 The Cotton Gin Eli Whitney has made another important 1803 machine! The Cotton Gin makes cotton by simply Lewis and Clark Expedition and Westward cranking the simple handle on the right side of the Expansion machine. Now our slaves don’t have to work as long so Lewis and Clark led the first expedition to we can sell our product! the Pacific Coast. Thomas Jefferson sent them to ~Kenley study plants, animals and ge ography.

~Heather

North Keeps it Indus trial, South keeps it Agricultural!

The 1800’s Northern economy is making 1831 money by keeping it industrial and more people keep Nat Turner coming for job openings. The Southern economy gets August 1831, Nat Turner rebels killing its money from growing tobacco and more African - hundreds of slave owners. He scared people into Americans keep working hard. Some would say this making rules against slaves even stricter! slavery issue is the start of something BIG, even ~Caleb some say a WAR! ~Lillian P a g e | 2

1860 Abe Lincoln Elected!

Abe Lincoln was elected the sixteenth Mid-1800s President of the ! Lincoln was against slavery. Lincoln’s election helped hundreds of people aggravated southerners, leading to the RUN AWAY! It made slave owners very mad and the secession of some states in the south. owners got very strict. The slaves could not be ~Ellie caught after they were in the northern free states.

~Kelsey

1859 John Brown’s Raid John Brown and twenty-one other people, including his five sons, raided Harper’s Ferry and 1861 stole the armory. They captured many people and became President of the killed even more. Once Robert E. Lee came with Confederate States of America! other Confederates, John Brown’s friends were shot Jefferson Davis believed in slavery and he was hanged! and led the Confederates. Before he was ~Andrew elected, he was a democratic US Senator.

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April 12, 1861 1861 Union Won’t Leave Sumter! Robert E. Lee became commander of Fort Sumter, located in South Army Carolina, has stood its ground. The North Robert E. Lee is one of history’s won’t leave the fort! The South told them greatest commanders. He’s very brave and to leave or they would be destroyed but the is able to hold his own against the Union North won’t budge. When this picture was army. ~Christian taken, the South had cannons ready to fire. Is this the end of Fort Sumter? ~Alex

July 21, 1861 April 17, 1861 Bull Run Virginia Seceded from the Union and the Richmond became Confederates win the Battle of Manassas or Capita l of the Confederacy Bull Run! People thought the battle would be Virginia became a Confederate State a family event but they soon came to know it and left the Union. A big chunk of Virginia wasn’t. Out of 35,000 Union soldiers, 460 wanted slaves because of the climate. The killed, 1,124 wounded, 1,312 captured or western part of Virginia broke off because missing. Wh ile the Confederate soldiers had they did not need slaves. This affects the 34,000 men, 387 died , and 1582 wounded. war because it gives the Confederates a Confederates start to call General Jackson, better chance of winning the war, a new “Stonewall Jackson,” after they see him capital and new generals. standing like a stone wall at this historic ~Nathan battle. ~Connor P a g e | 4

March 8, 1862 August 30, 1862 Heroic Battle: Battle of Second Manassas/ Bull Run Monitor vs Virginia (Merrimack) Union attacks Stonewall Jackson. Two ironclads: Battle of wits and Confederates continue throwing rocks to try strength for hours! The two ironclads, USS to keep Union back after they run out of Monitor and the CSS Virginia battle at ammo. The unfinished railroad provides Hampton Roads. Neither has sunk. USS cover and Confederates win! Monitor and CSS Virginia leave each other ~Vance be. ~Evie

September 17, 1863 Lee’s army defeated! They battled June 25, 1862 across Antietam Creek and that’s how the Seven Day Battle battle got its name. This battle was one of The Seven Day Battle lasted 7 days! the bloodiest of military history. Since Lee The Union won most of the seven days but lost, announced The on the last day, the Confederates drove off Emancipation proclamation. the Union! ~Joe ~Paul

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1863 Virginia Breaks Apart!

Settlers from Virginia moved across the December 13, 1863 Appalachian Mountains through the Cumberland Gap into western Virginia looking One of the biggest and deadliest battles of for new land opportunities. In western the Civil War! There was fighting in the Virginia, people mined iron, raised wheat, and streets of Fredericksburg. The herded sheep. They didn’t need any slaves thought this would be a quick victory against so they disagreed over slavery. That’s how Stonewall but they failed. Virginia broke apart and became the state ~Bradley of . ~Jennifer

January 1, 1863

Slaves FREED! May 3, 1863 Slaves are free and fleeing The Battle of Chancellorsville everywhere to join the invading northern Stonewall Jackson was at home with states. This has happened because of the his wife and daughter when he received a Emancipation Proclamation. It was drafted note. He had to go to Chancellorsville. While and published by Abraham Lincoln. Also it is on his way, he was mistaken for a Union the most important document of the Civil troop and shot! Lucky for Stonewall, he was War because it freed all slaves from owners still standing 9 days later when except slaves that wanted to stay. Confederates won the battle! Hopefully, this is the final end to slavery! ~Cyrille ~Adam P a g e | 6

September 1864 Battle of C edar Creek July 3, 1863 Sheridan leads attack on the The Confederates. He wins the battle and the Gettysburg was a three day battle! Confederates lose their control on Over 20,000 people died on both sides. It . was considered the turning point of the Civil ~Annie War. It was a great Union victory. The famous Picke tt’s Charge happened during this battle. ~Henry

April 1865 Richmond falls to Union Troops Richmond is burned by fleeing , 1864 Confederates The Confederate capita l burns to the The Confederates burned down the ground! Richmond is burnt by its own troops. Shenandoah Bridge or the North Fork Confederate forces destroy Richmond so stopping the Union from crossing which gave Union forces can’t get their hands on it. Lee the Confederates time to get ready. forces fail to defend it. ~Cole ~Charlie

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April 9, 1865 Lee Surrenders! Lee’s tattered, exhausted army meets Grant at the Appomattox Court House, Progress Staff ready to surrender. Grant, being a gracious Mrs. Bolton’s 5 th graders researched winner, lets Lee keep his horse, Traveler, the Civil War as a timeline of events. and his sword. He also let the Confederate Students chose an important date and soldiers keep their horses and mules if they promise to stop fighting. researched it. They drew a picture ~Hannah that you might have seen in a newspaper at the time. They wrote a newspaper article that had at least 3

facts.

Maj. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant, Gen. Robert E. Lee, officer of the Federal Army officer of the Confederate Army