T-O Map Earliest Printed T-O Map, 1472 • a Highly Simplistic Map of the World Popular in Western Europe During the Middle Ages
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Stranger Than Fiction the Tale of the Epic Voyage Made to Establish the Metric System Is an Intriguing and Exciting One
words Stranger than fiction The tale of the epic voyage made to establish the metric system is an intriguing and exciting one. Arago alone to complete the final readings Julyan Cartwright from Majorca. On Majorca, Arago chose ho thinks about science during a S’Eslop, a peak on the northwest coast, as vacation on the Balearic Islands? his viewpoint of Ibiza and Formentera. He WMajorca, Minorca, Ibiza and had a hut built on the summit and settled Formentera are holiday destinations par in with his instruments for the final series excellence, not places where famous scientists of measurements. But events didn’t go of the past lived and worked, or where great according to plan. experiments were carried out. But there was War broke out between France and Spain a moment in history when the Balearic in June 1808, while Arago was on the Islands were crucial for a major scientific summit of S’Eslop. Soon undertaking. Majorcans were com- It was 1806, and the French Bureau des menting that the nightly Longitudes had the task of determining the bonfires were signals Paris meridian — the line of longitude pass- and that Arago must be ing through Paris. At the time there was no a French spy, and a universally agreed prime meridian; it wasn’t detachment of soldiers until 1884 that an international congress was sent up the moun- decided it should be the one that passes tain to capture him. through Greenwich. The reason for deter- Arago got wind of this; Troubled trip: during François mining the meridian with precision wasn’t in his memoirs, he Arago’s year-long journey home map-making but the metric system. -
Kumpulam Makalah Tarikh Islam
Mata Kuliah: TARIKH ISLAM SEJARAH CENDIKIAWAN MUSLIM 1 CENDIKIAWAN MUSLIM 1). Al-BIRUNI (973-1048 M) Astronom berjuluk “Guru Segala Ilmu” Nama lengkap beliau adalah Abu Arrayhan Muhammad Ibnu Ahmad Al- Biruni. Dalam sumber lain di tulis Abu Raihan Muhammad Al Bairuni. Beliau lebih terkenal dengan nama Al-Biruni. Nama beliau tercatat dengan tinta emas dalam sejarah sebagai ilmuwan dan filosof Muslim yang serba bisa. Dengan penguasaan beliau terhadap pelbagai ilmu pengetahuan dan bidang lainnya, beliau mendapatkan julukan sebagai “Ustadz fil „ulum” atau guru segala ilmu dan ilmuawan modern menyebut beliau professor par exellence. Meskipun sebagian besar ilmuwan Muslim masa lalu memang memiliki kemampuan multidimensi, namun beliau tampaknya lebih menonjol. Beliau tak hanya menguasai bahasa Arab dan undang-undang islam, tapi juga Sanskrit, Greek, Ibrani dan Syiria. Beliau memiliki pengetahuan tentang filsafat Yunani, yang menjadi salah satu sebab beliau menjadi sarjana agung yang pernah dilahirkan oleh dunia Islam. Beliau berhasil membuktikan, menyandingkan ilmu dan filsafat telah memungkinkan agama bisa terus hidup subur dan berkembang serta membantu meyelesaikan permasalahan yang dihadapi oleh umat. Beliau telah menghasilkan lebih dari 150 buah buku. Di antara buku-buku itu adalah “Al-Jamahir fi Al-Jawahir” yang berbicara mengenai batu-batu permata; “Al-Athar Al-Baqiah” berkaitan kesan-kesan lama peninggalan sejarah, dan “Al-Saidalah fi Al Tibb”, tentang obat-obatan. Penulisan beliau tentang sejarah Islam telah diterjemahkan kedalam bahasa inggris dengan judul “Chronology of Ancient Nation”. Banyak lagi buku tulisan beliau diterbitkan di Eropa dan tersimpan dengan baik di Museum Escorial, Spanyol. Beliau mendirikan pusat kajian astronomi mengenai system tata surya. Kajian beliau dalam bidang sains, matematika dan geometri telah menyelesaikan banyak masalah yang tidak dapat diselesaikan sebelumnya. -
OF Versailles
THE CHÂTEAU DE VErSAILLES PrESENTS science & CUrIOSITIES AT THE COUrT OF versailles AN EXHIBITION FrOM 26 OCTOBEr 2010 TO 27 FEBrUArY 2011 3 Science and Curiosities at the Court of Versailles CONTENTS IT HAPPENED AT VErSAILLES... 5 FOrEWOrD BY JEAN-JACqUES AILLAGON 7 FOrEWOrD BY BÉATrIX SAULE 9 PrESS rELEASE 11 PArT I 1 THE EXHIBITION - Floor plan 3 - Th e exhibition route by Béatrix Saule 5 - Th e exhibition’s design 21 - Multimedia in the exhibition 22 PArT II 1 ArOUND THE EXHIBITION - Online: an Internet site, and TV web, a teachers’ blog platform 3 - Publications 4 - Educational activities 10 - Symposium 12 PArT III 1 THE EXHIBITION’S PArTNErS - Sponsors 3 - Th e royal foundations’ institutional heirs 7 - Partners 14 APPENDICES 1 USEFUL INFOrMATION 3 ILLUSTrATIONS AND AUDIOVISUAL rESOUrCES 5 5 Science and Curiosities at the Court of Versailles IT HAPPENED AT VErSAILLES... DISSECTION OF AN Since then he has had a glass globe made that ELEPHANT WITH LOUIS XIV is moved by a big heated wheel warmed by holding IN ATTENDANCE the said globe in his hand... He performed several experiments, all of which were successful, before Th e dissection took place at Versailles in January conducting one in the big gallery here... it was 1681 aft er the death of an elephant from highly successful and very easy to feel... we held the Congo that the king of Portugal had given hands on the parquet fl oor, just having to make Louis XIV as a gift : “Th e Academy was ordered sure our clothes did not touch each other.” to dissect an elephant from the Versailles Mémoires du duc de Luynes Menagerie that had died; Mr. -
The Genesis of the Essai D'une Carte Géologique
From sketches to publication : the genesis of the Essai d’une carte géologique by Omalius d’Halloy and Coquebert de Montbret (1810-1823) Isabelle Laboulais To cite this version: Isabelle Laboulais. From sketches to publication : the genesis of the Essai d’une carte géologique by Omalius d’Halloy and Coquebert de Montbret (1810-1823). Earth Sciences History. Journal of the History of the Earth Sciences Society, 2007, 26 (1), pp.31-53. hal-02932788 HAL Id: hal-02932788 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02932788 Submitted on 7 Sep 2020 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. From sketches to publication : the genesis of the Essai d’une carte géologique by Omalius d’Halloy and Coquebert de Montbret (1810-1823) Isabelle Laboulais (Université Marc Bloch – Strasbourg 2) In December 1822, the Essai d’une carte géologique de la France, des Pays-Bas et de quelques contrées voisines dressée par J.-J. d’Omalius d’Halloy d’après des matériaux recueillis de concert avec Mr. le baron Coquebert de Montbret 1 left the workshop of the Parisian engraver Berthe. 2 While it is probably an exaggeration to say that this map was awaited in academic circles, its appearance had nevertheless been widely announced by the two collaborators, who multiplied initiatives to make their work known even before its publication. -
Recent Publications 1984 — 2017 Issues 1 — 100
RECENT PUBLICATIONS 1984 — 2017 ISSUES 1 — 100 Recent Publications is a compendium of books and articles on cartography and cartographic subjects that is included in almost every issue of The Portolan. It was compiled by the dedi- cated work of Eric Wolf from 1984-2007 and Joel Kovarsky from 2007-2017. The worldwide cartographic community thanks them greatly. Recent Publications is a resource for anyone interested in the subject matter. Given the dates of original publication, some of the materi- als cited may or may not be currently available. The information provided in this document starts with Portolan issue number 100 and pro- gresses to issue number 1 (in backwards order of publication, i.e. most recent first). To search for a name or a topic or a specific issue, type Ctrl-F for a Windows based device (Command-F for an Apple based device) which will open a small window. Then type in your search query. For a specific issue, type in the symbol # before the number, and for issues 1— 9, insert a zero before the digit. For a specific year, instead of typing in that year, type in a Portolan issue in that year (a more efficient approach). The next page provides a listing of the Portolan issues and their dates of publication. PORTOLAN ISSUE NUMBERS AND PUBLICATIONS DATES Issue # Publication Date Issue # Publication Date 100 Winter 2017 050 Spring 2001 099 Fall 2017 049 Winter 2000-2001 098 Spring 2017 048 Fall 2000 097 Winter 2016 047 Srping 2000 096 Fall 2016 046 Winter 1999-2000 095 Spring 2016 045 Fall 1999 094 Winter 2015 044 Spring -
Archeologia Del Mezzo Acquatico Nel Garb Al-Andalus Porti, Arsenali, Cantieri E Imbarcazioni
Alessia Amato Archeologia del Mezzo Acquatico nel Garb al -Andalus Porti, Arsenali, Cantieri e Imbarcazioni Tese de DoutoramentoFaculdade em Letras, na de área Letrasde História Especialidade em Arqueologia, orientada pelo Doutor Vasco Gil da Cruz Mantas e apresentada ao Departamento de História, Estudos Europeus, Arqueologia e Artes da Faculdade de Letras da Universidade de Coimbra 2013 Archeologia del Mezzo Acquatico nel Garb al-Andalus Porti, Arsenali, Cantieri e Imbarcazioni Ficha Técnica: Tipo de trabalho Tese de Doutoramento Título Archeologia del Mezzo Acquatico nel Garb al-Andalus - Porti, Arsenali, Cantieri e Imbarcazioni- Autor/a Alessia Amato Orientador/a Prof. Doutor Vasco Gil da Cruz Mantas Identificação do Curso Doutoramento em Letras Área científica História Especialidade/Ramo Arqueologia Data 2013 Ringraziamenti / Agradecimentos Tese de doutoramento financiada pela Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, MINISTÉRIO DA EDUCAÇÃO E CIÊNCIA (projecto de Bolsa Individual SFRH / BD / 45082 / 2008) A conclusione di questa Tesi di Dottorato esprimo con le seguenti parole la più profonda riconoscenza alle persone e istituzioni che con costante aiuto, in maniera decisiva, l’abbiano resa possibile, in modo che, ognuna di queste, possa fare propri i miei più sinceri ringraziamenti. Al Magnifico Rettore della Universidade de Coimbra, il Professor Dottor João Gabriel Monteiro de Carvalho e Silva, per aver veicolato i mezzi necessari all’accrescimento accademico e alla valorizzazione professionale. Alla Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, MINISTÉRIO DA EDUCAÇÃO E CIÊNCIA per il finanziamento del progetto di Bolsa Individual (SFRH / BD / 45082 / 2008) e per l’appoggio all’attività di ricerca. Al Prof. Dottor Vasco Gil da Cruz Soares Mantas per aver accettato di orientare il presente lavoro, nonché i ringraziamenti per il rigore scientifico, gli ininterrotti consigli, il fermo esempio e la manifesta umanità. -
Science in the Medieval Islamic World Was the Science Developed And
Science in the medieval Islamic world was the science developed and practised during the Islamic Golden Age under the Umayyads of Córdoba, the Abbadids of Seville, the Samanids, the Ziyarids, the Buyids in Persia, the Abbasid Caliphate and beyond, spanning the period roughly between 786 and 1258. Islamic scientific achievements encompassed a wide range of subject areas, especially astronomy, mathematics, and medicine. Medieval Islamic science had practical purposes as well as the goal of understanding. For example, astronomy was useful for determining the Qibla, the direction in which to pray, botany had practical application in agriculture, as in the works of Ibn Bassal and Ibn al-'Awwam, and geography enabled Abu Zayd al- Balkhi to make accurate maps. Islamic mathematicians such as Al- Khwarizmi, Avicenna and Jamshīd al-Kāshī made advances in algebra, trigonometry, geometry and Arabic numerals. Islamic doctors described diseases like smallpox and measles, and challenged classical Greek medical theory. Al-Biruni, Avicenna and others described the preparation of hundreds of drugs made from medicinal plants and chemical compounds. Islamic physicists such as Ibn Al-Haytham, Al-Bīrūnī and others studied optics and mechanics as well as astronomy, criticised Aristotle's view of motion. The significance of medieval Islamic science has been debated by historians. The traditionalist view holds that it lacked innovation, and was mainly important for handing on ancient knowledge to medieval Europe. The revisionist view holds that it constituted a scientific revolution. Whatever the case, science flourished across a wide area around the Mediterranean and further afield, for several centuries, in a wide range of institutions. -
Portfolio/ Bouchra Khalili | Frieze V2
INFLUENCES - 06 JUN 2016 Portfolio: Bouchra Khalili BY BOUCHRA KHALILI Roberto Rossellini, Ousmane Sembène and an inverted atlas Muhammad al-Idrisi’s world map, oriented with the South at the top, c.1154, 21 x 30 cm. Courtesy: open source; held at Bodleian Library, Oxford Muhammad al-Idrisi’s world map ‘I believe that the !rst image that counted for me, and came to be almost the ultimate image, was not an image of !lm, but an atlas of geography.’ This is a quote from the seminal French !lm critic Serge Daney, taken from Itinéraire d'un ciné-!ls (Journey of a ‘Cine-Son’, 1999). When I heard it for the !rst time, I immediately made it mine. This map of the world was drawn by Muhammad al-Idrisi. As a child, I often saw it in history books about the Islamic Golden Age, and I consider it the !rst image that really counted for me. While for decades Al-Idrisi’s Tabula Rogeriana (c.1154) was considered the most accurate atlas produced, what has always fascinated me is the beauty of these maps and the potential narratives they suggest. In this particular map, it is the Mare Internum that literally encircles the land, the strange articulation of schematic landmarks that reference the Islamic miniature tradition, and the extraordinary re!nement of the drawing and the calligraphy. It all comes together to suggest a map of a lost Atlantis. If I were using !lmic language, I would say that I see this map as less of an ancient tool of knowledge than a magni!cent syncretic combination of signs suggesting an accurate yet imaginary and poetic projection of the world. -
Examining the Swahili and Malabar Coasts During the Islamic Golden Age
TUFTS UNIVERSITY The Littoral Difference: Examining the Swahili and Malabar Coasts during the Islamic Golden Age An Honors Thesis for the Department of History Daniel Glassman 2009 2 Tabula Rogeriana, 1154 A.D. 3 Table of Contents Introduction..............................................................................................................4 Chapter 1: Shared Diaspora ..................................................................................8 Islam, Commerce, and Diaspora ...............................................................................9 Reaching the Shore ..................................................................................................12 Chapter 2: The Wealth of Coasts .........................................................................20 Power of Commodities: Spices and Minerals..........................................................21 Middlemen - Home and Abroad...............................................................................25 Chapter 3: Social Charter and Coastal Politics ..................................................32 The Politics of Reciprocity.......................................................................................32 Chapter 4: Class and Caste...................................................................................40 Religion, Commerce, and Prestige ..........................................................................41 Chapter 5: Mosques and Material Culture .........................................................48 Ritual -
The Book of Roger Brady Hibbs Ouachita Baptist University
Ouachita Baptist University Scholarly Commons @ Ouachita History Class Publications Department of History 3-31-2015 The Book of Roger Brady Hibbs Ouachita Baptist University Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarlycommons.obu.edu/history Part of the Medieval History Commons Recommended Citation Hibbs, Brady, "The Book of Roger" (2015). History Class Publications. 22. https://scholarlycommons.obu.edu/history/22 This Class Paper is brought to you for free and open access by the Department of History at Scholarly Commons @ Ouachita. It has been accepted for inclusion in History Class Publications by an authorized administrator of Scholarly Commons @ Ouachita. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Brady Hibbs 31 March 2015 Medieval Europe The Book of Roger Tabula Rogeriana (Latin for “Book of Roger) is the name of a publication created by Arab cartographer Muhammad al-Idrisi in 1154 under the guidance of King Roger II of Sicily. The book is recognized for its groundbreaking world map and its accompanying descriptions and information regarding the areas shown in the map. The world map is divided into 70 regional maps, with these divisions dictated by the seven climate zones (originally proposed by Ptolemy) al-Idrisi used for the map along with ten geographical sections (Glick, 2014). The book begins with the southwestern most section, which includes the Canary Islands, to the easternmost section, then proceeds northward until each section has been represented. With each section, al-Idrisi gives textual descriptions of the land in the maps and described the people who were indigenous to those regions. The whole map includes lands from Spain in the east to China in the west, and Scandinavia in the north, down to Africa in the south. -
The International Association of Geodesy 1862 to 1922: from a Regional Project to an International Organization W
Journal of Geodesy (2005) 78: 558–568 DOI 10.1007/s00190-004-0423-0 The International Association of Geodesy 1862 to 1922: from a regional project to an international organization W. Torge Institut fu¨ r Erdmessung, Universita¨ t Hannover, Schneiderberg 50, 30167 Hannover, Germany; e-mail: [email protected]; Tel: +49-511-762-2794; Fax: +49-511-762-4006 Received: 1 December 2003 / Accepted: 6 October 2004 / Published Online: 25 March 2005 Abstract. Geodesy, by definition, requires international mitment of two scientists from neutral countries, the collaboration on a global scale. An organized coopera- International Latitude Service continued to observe tion started in 1862, and has become today’s Interna- polar motion and to deliver the data to the Berlin tional Association of Geodesy (IAG). The roots of Central Bureau for evaluation. After the First World modern geodesy in the 18th century, with arc measure- War, geodesy became one of the founding members of ments in several parts of the world, and national geodetic the International Union for Geodesy and Geophysics surveys in France and Great Britain, are explained. The (IUGG), and formed one of its Sections (respectively manifold local enterprises in central Europe, which Associations). It has been officially named the Interna- happened in the first half of the 19th century, are tional Association of Geodesy (IAG) since 1932. described in some detail as they prepare the foundation for the following regional project. Simultaneously, Gauss, Bessel and others developed a more sophisticated Key words: Arc measurements – Baeyer – Helmert – definition of the Earth’s figure, which includes the effect Figure of the Earth – History of geodesy – of the gravity field. -
Assessing the Reliability of the 1760 British Geographical Survey of the St
Assessing the Reliability of the 1760 British Geographical Survey of the St. Lawrence River Valley by Nicholas Gliserman A Thesis Presented to the Faculty of the USC Graduate School University of Southern California In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Science (Geographic Information Science and Technology) May 2018 Copyright © 2018 by Nicholas Gliserman ii To my loving wife, Christina Copland iii Table of Contents List of Figures ................................................................................................................................. vi List of Tables ................................................................................................................................... x Acknowledgements ........................................................................................................................ xi List of Abbreviations .................................................................................................................... xii Abstract ........................................................................................................................................ xiii Chapter 1: Introduction .................................................................................................................... 1 Chapter 2: Towards a Historiographical Synthesis of Archival and Digital Methods .................... 7 2.1. The Underwhelming Presence of Historical Maps in the Spatial Humanities ................... 8 2.2. Scholarship on the Murray