DOCSLIB.ORG

The Attack on Trenton and the Solid Performance of the Colonial Troops Cannot Be Denied

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Attack on Trenton and the Solid Performance of the Colonial Troops Cannot Be Denied by Dennis The Rizzo and Alicia Widow McShulkis whoSaved a Revolution December 1776... A sleet-filled, damp and bone-chilling cold settled on Central New Jersey. The rebellion, as it is referred to in most circles, is officially just over five months old. The united colonies declared their independence from Great Britain and King George III in July. Their citizen army responded by losing Long Island and New York, and falling apart as it was pushed through New Jersey. Washington’s rag-tag force of militia and regulars barely escaped annihilation in mid month by scurrying across the Delaware River into Pennsylvania. Any school child can recite the long and the short of Washington’s singular victory at Trenton the day after Christmas, 1776. New Jersey’s Washington Crossing State Park (with one in Pennsylvania across the Delaware) commemorates this momentous endeavor. Most would agree that it turned the mood and the tide of the revolution. Washington, himself, said it was a gamble and would resign if it failed. GW to Congress: December 24, 1776: When I reflect upon these things, they fill me with much concern, knowing that General Howe has a Number of Troops cantoned in the Towns bordering on and near the Delaware, his intentions to pass as soon as the ice is Sufficiently formed, to invade Pennsylvania, and to possess himself of [the City of] Philadelphia, if Possible. To guard against his designs, and the execution of them; shall employ my every exertion, but how is this to be done? 1 The temerity of the attack on Trenton and the solid performance of the colonial troops cannot be denied. But, there is a vacant spot in the textbooks; a missing person who, knowingly or unknowingly, had a critical role in this affair. David Hackett Fisher’s momentous work, Washington’s Crossing, makes mention of a young widow whose beauty and poise delayed the troops of Colonel Von Donop eighteen miles from his support position in Bordentown. This reference is from the diary of Captain Johannes Ewald, where the Jäger officer gives a young widow as the principle reason Von Donop and his troops dallied in Mount Holly over Christmas of 1776. Early on the morning of the 26th Captain Lorey and I roamed over different roads in the country to collect horses and slaughter cattle; for the colonel, who was extremely devoted to the fair sex, had found in his quarters the exceedingly beautiful young widow of a doctor. He wanted to set up his rest quarters in Mount Holly, which, to the misfortune of Colonel Rall, he was permitted to do.2 Margaret Morris, a resident of Burlington, also makes mention of activities in the area in her diary. December 17; More news! great news! very great news (J. V.’s). The British troops actually at Mount Holly! Guards of [Patriot] militia placed at London and York bridges, Gondola men in arms patrolling the streets, and diligent search making for firearms, ammunition and Tories. 3 December 22, 1776. It is said that [American general Israel] Putnam with 1000 men are at Mount Holly. All the women [have] removed from the town except one widow of our acquaintance. 4 The Widow Who Saved a Revolution • Dennis Rizzo & Alicia McShalkis • www.GardenStateLegacy.com December 2012 Figure 1: It is from these two references (Morris and Ewald) that a “widow” Map of the Area of Mount Holly, emerges. In their notes, Fisher and Tustin state Betsy Ross was the only Burlington and Bordentown widow of a doctor known in the parts . but her husband was not a doctor 5 J. Ewald he was an upholsterer, John Ross. Though notably beautiful, a widow and young, she is not our widow. Then who was this beautiful young widow? Family relations and actions serve as a basis for our ‘widow’ being in Mount Holly at the appointed date and time. Though no direct statements have been found so far, it is by noting the relationships between the many members of the Fauconnier, Valleau, and Bard lines and comparing this to first and second hand accounts of the persons involved, that it becomes possible to piece together the actions of our ‘widow.’ Because of the proliferation of the the same or similar given names and many related surnames it is important to list the people who form the basis for our conjecture. We have not included the vast detail of family relations and activity, which is posted on www.ironworkshill.org. The Players Captain of Jägers, Johannes Ewald, Commander 2d Jäger Company Johannes Ewald was born in March 1744 and would have been 31 at the time of this event. He was noted by several British and German generals as an officer of “distinguished conduct.” His diary and maps, from which most direct knowledge of the events in and around Mount Holly in December of The Widow Who Saved a Revolution • Dennis Rizzo & Alicia McShalkis • www.GardenStateLegacy.com December 2012 Figure 2: Portion of Howe Map 1776 are taken, was completed after the war [Figure 1]. Ewald spoke no Figure 3: Count Carl Kurt Emile English but did speak French. The diary was translated from script in Old Von Donop German. Some mistakes, however slight, may have been made. 6 Count Carl Kurt Emile Von Donop, Commander, Second Brigade, Royal Forces Colonel von Donop was nearly 45 years old when he commanded at Mount Holly. He was an experienced soldier in European conflicts, and the senior officer present in southern New Jersey in late 1776. His main encampment was at Bordentown prior to the Battle of Trenton, with one battalion occupying the town and the rest billeted along the country roads in Slabtown [Jacksonville] Black Horse [Columbus] Burlington City and White House (the Mary Field Plantation). 7 As Captain Ewald recalls, Colonel von Donop was “ . extremely devoted to the fair sex . .”8 [Figures 2 & 3] The Widow Who Saved a Revolution • Dennis Rizzo & Alicia McShalkis • www.GardenStateLegacy.com December 2012 Margaret Morris A widow, Margaret, lived with her sister and brother-in-law and their four children in the former gubernatorial mansion at Green Bank, the seized home of recently deposed Royal Governor William Franklin of New Jersey (son of Ben). Margaret Morris was a Quaker who strove to remain neutral, though she tended toward the plight of her neighbors, many of whom were Loyalists. Bard Family (in part) (1) Peter Bard (1712) moved to Mount Holly from Burlington with his wife, Marie de Normandie, and was the father of Samuel Bard (1740) and Mary Bard (1746). Peter was a founder of the Mount Holly Relief Fire Company and part owner of the Mount Holly iron works.9 After Marie died, her two daughters by this first husband, Peter Bard, went to live with their uncle, Dr. John Bard, at Hyde Park on the Hudson. 10 Samuel Bard (1740) of Mount Holly became a lawyer practicing in the area. He married Mary Valleau in New York City in 1766 and returned to Mount Holly to raise a family. He had purchased the iron works in town from his father before Peter died. He died in 1769. Mary Valeau was the cousin of Susanne Valleau Bard of Hyde Park. Mary Valleau married Samuel Bard (1740) of Mount Holly. After a period of widowhood, Mary married Thomas Hunloke, Sheriff of Burlington County and moved with him to the large mansion on High Street in Mount Holly known locally as Ridgway’s Lanthorn. Mary Bard (1746), daughter of Peter and Marie, was sent to live with her uncle in New York after her mother’s death. She later married their son, Dr. Samuel Bard of Hyde Park, NY. (2) Dr. John Bard (1716) became a noted physician practicing in New York. In 1737 he married Susanne Valleau at Christ Church, Philadelphia. Susanne was the granddaughter of Pierre Fauconnier and the niece of Mrs. Dr. John Kearsley of Philadelphia (Anna Magdalene Valleau Kearsley), thereby, Dr. John Bard was a nephew. 11 John Bard acquired an estate in Hyde Park, New York as a result of marriage to Susanne, which they kept from 1764–1799, with ownership followed by their son, Dr. Samuel Bard from 1799–1821. Later, this became the Vanderbilt Estate. Dr. Samuel Bard, (1742) son of Dr. John and Susanne (Valleau) Bard. Born in Burlington, Samuel received the degree of A.B. at the University of Edinburgh, an LL. D. at Princeton College, and founded the New York Medical School and the New York City Hospital. In 1770, after a period of The Widow Who Saved a Revolution • Dennis Rizzo & Alicia McShalkis • www.GardenStateLegacy.com December 2012 time devoted to developing his practice, he married his cousin, Mary Bard, to whom he had long been attached, and who had been living with his family since the death of her mother. Valleau Family (in part) [with references to Bards, above] Pierre Fauconnier owned extensive land in Bergen County, NJ and Duchess County, NY. He had conveyed all his rights for several parcels of this to his daughter, Magdalena Valleau. In 1745 she died and we find that “ . Dr. John Bard [our same] was her executor and represented the interests of her children and heirs. 12 Madeleine Fauconnier Valleau (daughter of Pierre Fauconnier) had a son, Peter (Petrus)Valleau and a daughter, Susanne Valleau. Madeleine had a sister, Anna Magdalene who married Dr. John Kearsley of Philadelphia and figures in our story. Theodorus Valleau was a grandson of Pierre Fauconnier.13 He married Elizabeth Anthony of New York and they had a son Andrew and a daughter, Mary Valleau.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Sources and Bibliography
    Sources and Bibliography AMERICAN EDEN David Hosack, Botany, and Medicine in the Garden of the Early Republic Victoria Johnson Liveright | W. W. Norton & Co., 2018 Note: The titles and dates of the historical newspapers and periodicals I have consulted regarding particular events and people appear in the endnotes to AMERICAN EDEN. Manuscript Collections Consulted American Philosophical Society Barton-Delafield Papers Caspar Wistar Papers Catharine Wistar Bache Papers Bache Family Papers David Hosack Correspondence David Hosack Letters and Papers Peale Family Papers Archives nationales de France (Pierrefitte-sur-Seine) Muséum d’histoire naturelle, Série AJ/15 Bristol (England) Archives Sharples Family Papers Columbia University, A.C. Long Health Sciences Center, Archives and Special Collections Trustees’ Minutes, College of Physicians and Surgeons Student Notes on Hosack Lectures, 1815-1828 Columbia University, Rare Book and Manuscript Library Papers of Aaron Burr (27 microfilm reels) Columbia College Records (1750-1861) Buildings and Grounds Collection DeWitt Clinton Papers John Church Hamilton Papers Historical Photograph Collections, Series VII: Buildings and Grounds Trustees’ Minutes, Columbia College 1 Duke University, David M. Rubenstein Rare Book & Manuscript Library David Hosack Papers Harvard University, Botany Libraries Jane Loring Gray Autograph Collection Historical Society of Pennsylvania Rush Family Papers, Series I: Benjamin Rush Papers Gratz Collection Library of Congress, Washington, DC Thomas Law Papers James Thacher
    [Show full text]
  • ITS IMPORTANCE in NEW YORK MED ICINE* PAUL CUSHMAN, JR. T HE Kissams Were a Large and Prominent Family In
    689 THE KISSAM FAMILY: ITS IMPORTANCE IN NEW YORK MED ICINE* PAUL CUSHMAN, JR. Department of Internal Medicine St. Luke's Hospital Center New York, N. Y. T HE Kissams were a large and prominent family in New York City during most of the I8th and I9th centuries. Although especially eminent in commerce and in law, they also played a number of interest- ing roles in the history of American medicine.' This communication will present some of the most noteworthy contributions which the early members of the family made either to the development of medical practice or to the evolution of medical institutions. The family has been traced to John Ockasson who arrived in Cow Neck, Long Island (Now Manhasset-Great Neck), in the late I7th century. Since he spelled his surname in a variety of ways-about I8 different versions are recognized in real estate documents2-it is im- probable that his origins will ever be established. His son, Daniel, succeeded to the family farm and established the "Kissam" spelling of the surname. In eight generations that followed (see accompanying figure) 27 descendants of Daniel either practiced medicine or set out to do so by entering school. Of these, all but three bore the surname Kissam. Twenty-two members of the family actually practiced medicine. The accumulation of such a large number of physicians in one family is unique in American medicine to my knowledge. Further, the tendency of the medical Kissams to concentrate in the New York City area is remarkable. Seventeen Kissams were actively engaged in the practice of medicine at one time or another in the New York City area.
    [Show full text]
  • Transactions of Society of Actuaries 1984 Vol, 36
    TRANSACTIONS OF SOCIETY OF ACTUARIES 1984 VOL, 36 SKETCHES OF EARLY NORTH AMERICAN ACTUARIES E. J. MOORHEAD ABSTRACT This paper undertakes to give dossiers of essentially all the actuaries who entered our profession in Canada or the United States up to about 1872. It includes those who died or left our profession before the Actuarial Society of America was formed in April 1889, and those who, in due course, became Fellows of that Society when or after it came into being. The paper also mentions some of the conditions under which the Actuarial Society was organized, and suggests that a yet fuller story of how our prede- cessors coped with circumstances and events of more than a century ago would be a desirable record to document. Felix qui potuit return cognoscere causas.---Virgil (Happy is he who has been able to search out the causes of things.) INTRODUCTION Those who consider it important that a profession understand its own beginnings will agree that this paper should have been written at least sixty years ago -- early enough so that the facts would have been readily obtain- able, yet late enough so that actions taken, or not taken, might be viewed dispassionately. Those who regard the lessons of the past to be worth study- ing will wish, as this chronicler does, to see more done than has here been undertaken by way of placing on record the major events and the turning points of the stormy period in which our pioneers lived. It may yet be possible -- perhaps as preparation for our centenary -- to set forth appraisals of how our professional ancestors tackled such thorny problems as gross versus net premium valuations, tontine dividend systems, and sharing dis- coveries and ideas in an era of widespread mistrust.
    [Show full text]
  • The Professor, the Bishop, and the Country Squire
    THE PROFESSOR. THE BISHOP, AND THE COUNTRY SQUIRE CHAPTER IT Second, one of his most passionate interests was the increase in the num­ The Professor, the Bishop, ber of Episcopal ministers. He was committed to one way above all others to further this objective, namely to find sincere young men of good character and the Country Squire (and usually modest finances) and to help them obtain first a college and then a seminary education. Third, John McVickar was the most influential member, a charter trustee, and for a long time the Superintendent of the Society for Promoting Religion In 1935 in preparation for the 75th anniversary of the founding of the Col­ and Learning. This was an off-shoot of the great landed endowments of Trini­ lege, George H. Genzmer, librarian and lecturer in English at Bard, com­ ty Church, New York City, established in 1839 as a separate corporation for piled a chronology (which he entitled "Annals of the College") running the purpose of supporting the college and seminary training of aspirants for from the College's earliest beginnings up as far as 1918. This chronology is the ministry. Its assets consisted of lands in downtown New York, and in the more precise in its dating and covers a wider area of the College's life than 1850's were yielding $10,000 to $20,000 per year. (A century later the any other historical treatment of Bard. assets had increased to over a million dollars and the annual income to nearly Mr. Genzmer starts his list of the dates of the events which led up to the $100,000.)' The Society's steady, firm support proved to be the determina­ founding of the College, with the year 1787, the birth of John McVickar.
    [Show full text]
  • The Great Warden and His College
    CHAPTER Ill The Great Warden and His College Robert Brinckerhoff Fairbairn was Warden of St. Stephen's College for 36 years - from 1862 until 1898, a year before his death at age 81. He was styled the ''Great Warden''. by Thomas Richey, one of his predecessors, and that designation has continued throughout all of the College's history. The present-day college still gains a sense of Fairbairn's appearance and presence from the bronze bust of him which is above the mantel in the Presidents' Room of Kline Commons, and from the oil portrait hanging over the fireplace in the foyer of the President's office. In appearance Fairbairn was of slightly less than middle height, round, ruddy and of a stern visage. This sternness, however, was more that of dignity than of hardness. He was tender hearted and had delicate regard for the feelings and wishes of others. He was as devout as he was just, and abounded with kindness, self~sacrificing generosity, and refinement. 1 He was born in Greenwich Village, New York City, in 1818. His father, a Scotchman, was a modestly circumstanced book publisher and his mother a native of Poughkeepsie. After ordinary schooling and special training in the Mechanics school, he worked for three years in a book and stationery store, and then at the age of 16, decided to prepare himself for the ministry of the Episcopal Church. He started at Bristol College in Pennsylvania, and upon the demise of that institution he went on to Washington College (now Trinity) in Hartford, graduating with a bachelor of arts in 1840 at age 22.
    [Show full text]
  • A Genealogy of American Obstetrics and Gynecology the Early Years: 1750-1870
    A Genealogy of American Obstetrics and Gynecology The Early Years: 1750-1870 Ronald M. Cyr MD, FACOG Key Moments in the History of OB/GYN CTP39 Tuesday, May 8, 2007 2:30-4:00 p.m. San Diego Convention Center 55th Annual Clinical Meeting, San Diego, CA history-of-obgyn.com American Obstetrics and Gynecology 1750-1870: The Early Years -100 years of medical teaching 1870-1930: A Specialty Develops -GYN surgery;antiseptic midwifery -German science: Johns Hopkins -AGS/AAOG/ABOG 1930-1970: The Golden Years -Hospital birth/Blood/Antibiotics 1970-Present: Wither OB/GYN? -Subspecialty/Gender Impact -Consumer movement history-of-obgyn.com 1750 history-of-obgyn.com Midwifery in Colonial Times history-of-obgyn.com Prejudice against men-midwives You shall be secret, and not open any Mystery appertaining to your office, in the presence of any Man, unless Necessity or great urgent Cause do constrain you to do so. NYC 1738 law for regulating midwives history-of-obgyn.com Early Men-Midwives in the USA John MOULTRIE Charleston, SC 1733-83. At his death Several of the ladies of Charleston bedewed his grave with tears and went into mourning on the occasion. James LLOYD (1726-1810) Boston. apprenticed in Boston; 4 years in London, received OB training from William Smellie and William Hunter. John DUPUY (? - 1745) Obituary in a NY newspaper: Last night died, in the prime of life, to the almost universal regret and sorrow of this city, Mr. John Dupuy, M.D., man-midwife... history-of-obgyn.com 1842 1765 1728 1538 1640 1727 1580 1681 1639 1582 1756 history-of-obgyn.com College of Philadelphia 1765-1791 John Morgan 1735-1789 William Theory and Practice of Shippen Jr.
    [Show full text]
  • Medicine Columbia University College of Physicians & Surgeons Features
    Columbia Medicine Columbia University College of Physicians & Surgeons Features: 4 10 16 Going Outside Blood Borne Getting Personal the Four Walls As the new director of the Through the ambitious A community wellness center Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, NIH-funded All of Us program, led by two P&S faculty Emmanuelle Passegué P&S will help enroll members will strengthen is pursuing her vision to 1 million Americans in a initiatives in stroke prevention further the initiative, large-scale research effort and mental health support. established in 2008, to identify ways to prevent The center continues a longtime by integrating basic lab and treat disease based P&S tradition of expanding discoveries with their potential on individual differences access to health care for clinical application. in lifestyle, environment, throughout the city. and genetics. http://ps.columbia.edu/ ColumbiaMedicine | 2017 Annual Report Issue Departments: 2 Dean’s Message 26 2017 Year in Highlights 33 Philanthropy News 36 P&S News 39 About P&S · Trustees Committee on the Health Sciences · Columbia University Medical Center Board of Advisors · Other CUMC Advisory Groups · Senior Administration, CUMC · Senior Administration, College of Physicians & Surgeons · Executive Committee of the Faculty Council · Department Chairs · University Centers and Institutes and Directors · Affiliated Hospitals · Facts and Statistics On the Cover The cover is the second of three 2017 commemorative covers that celebrate the 250th anniversary of Columbia’s medical school. This cover recalls the design influences from the middle part of the school’s 250 years, from the 22 mid-1800s to the early 1930s. Illustration by Ben Johnston.
    [Show full text]
  • "Hyde Park" Estate
    ìt q s By Civiles W, Snell, Historian Biodi Föbruary 17* 1^55* 76 pages# TV,BLE OF CCgfiTîTTS Chapter: Pc pet X.—Hydo Park In Colonial Dhya, 1705 - 17d6— -------— 1 Star y of 1705 original grant— — — -- —— 1 Liip I -Pierre Fauconnier*s Eyde Park ratent— — ——— 2 Sketch of Piorro Fauconnier*b Life-— 3 XI* -A-Sr. John B'.rd et Kyde Parte. 17/-o - 17«^---------- Kap II-Br.Jcha Ihrd’ ß Hyde Fork Eetate, 1746-1750 Kap III-Ir . John Bard* a Lot Ko. Kap---------------------- Bragina of "?.ed Bouso*— — - — Location of "Red Bous«"-— — — — — -— — - - — - — — - Saanary— — — — — — — — — — — — B. Brief Biographical Sketch of Tir« John Bord— — - —- 14 III. A-Sr. Sacnel Bard At Hyde Park, 1777 - 1S2I--- Drawing of Ir. Efemel Bard*a Eyde Purk Kuneion Kip IV-Dr.SaKuel Bard* a Fyde Park Eetate— — Rtefcrks and Conclusions— — —— — — — — B.Brief Bio/gaphioal Sketch of Dr. P nuol B-rd----------— 24 IV. A .Brief Blopraphleal Sketch of Par. Drvld Kosack— — 28 P.Pr. Drvid Hasack at Hyde Pnrk. lfp8 - ifafr.--------------31 l!ap V-Iir.I>.7id Eosack’ a fly do Park Let at t— — — — — 3© Dr. Eoaack Improves his Petals— — —----------------- — — y i Drawing of Dr. Eosack's Eyde Perk Ms ns ion----- ----------- — 33 1830 Description of the Hyde Park Estate— — ----------- - 37 Life at Hyde Park, 1830 to 1835---------------------------------- 39 Artist *s View of Hyde Park, 1832--------------------------------- 44 Informtion froa the Local Historian— — — ----- ------ — - 48 V. Valteg Langdoa. Jr. at Hyde Park. lPdO - 1894-;----— — 5° Drama's Sketch of L&ngdoa Faally—— — ------ —— 5® Kap YI-AstcsvLongdoa Estate, 1840----------------- — -------- — 51 Life and Changes at Hyde lark--— — — --------------- — $2 Death of Valter Langdon, J r .
    [Show full text]
  • The New York Genealogical and Biographical Record
    •<p -^^ tj .*^ ">>.<? ^0. ' •- fo '-. -'-' °i. y \. • % 4' o ' • • * n!^ ^, \.^^ .;^^^<^. %/ /^^% Vo^^ ^» %/ ;^^ ?:^ /% v^- ,0^% >^.^ /\^Wo^^%%^^,0 if. >--ii^ ^ ;V 'X^^^^^-; %/ ^_^. ^^ :m<'. ^.Z /^^\ %,^ ^W" ^ '^^ ' .v-^ -^^ .'y'r^^ 'U-o^ ' 4V~^j]lilli|i'> - \^ *^ 'itW '-'':i \vv i .-^ ^- ^^0^ 5^>j^"- • "^ : „.;^= V.,,. „.. ^-v •..„ . , .-e^'^ »0 " n ^ y'''"\ . -^fi^'^ ,0- %. 'r^^^/ ^f^ -^"o^ --m^S '>^/ ^^^ : THE NEW iciualagital ani '^iagraj^^ ' ^ccort Vol. VI. NEW YORK, APRIL, 1875. REV. JOHN JONES, FIRST MINISTER OF FAIRtj. CONN., 1644-1664. By John J. Latiing, of New York. The Rev. John Jones was, as his name imphes, of Welsh extraction. The families in Wales bearing his patronymic, however, are so numerous that an attempt to trace his pedigree from any published records would seem to be a task almost impossible. He is stated to have been " Edu- cated and regularly ordained as a preacher of the Gospel in England," where he married and had several children. What is said, in some ac- counts, of his being identical with the " Johannes Jones " son of William Jones, of Abergavenny in Monmouth, matriculated at Jesus College, Cam- bridge, April 30th, 1624, at the age of 17, is now admitted to be entirely erroneous. As appears from the interesting autobiography of Rev. Thomas She; .re,. he came a fellow passenger with him in the ship Defence from London^j landing at Boston 3d Oct., 1635. Although neither his name nor that Shepard appears in the Custom House list of passengers of the vessel, ye this list contains the names of Sarah Jones aged 34, Sarah Jones, 15^ John II, Ruth 7, Theophihis 3, Rebecca 2, and Elizabeth 6 months, un-j" doubtedly his wife and children.
    [Show full text]
  • Bard College
    ! BARD COLLEGE Founded in 1860, in New York’s Hudson River Valley, Bard College is a liberal arts school that has consistently reinvented itself. Founded as St. Stephens College to prepare men for the seminary, the school became a secular undergraduate division of Columbia University, then all-male, in 1928. Six years later, the College was renamed Bard College, to honor St. Stephens founder, John Bard. In 1944, Bard went co-ed and ended its association with Columbia. Bard also become a haven for scholars who had managed to flee from war-torn European nations during and after World War II. Today, while it is primarily a 2,000 undergraduate college, Bard also operates an Early College (Simon’s Rock in Great Barrington, Massachusetts; four Early College high schools (in Manhattan, Queens, New Orleans, Newark, NJ, Cleveland, OH); two music schools (the Conservatory in New York State and the Longy School in Cambridge, MA) as well as several undergraduate and graduate programs abroad. Bard also operates a degree-granting program for inmates in New York State prisons that became a story on 60 Minutes. Bard’s president, Leon Botstein, a highly-accomplished classical musician, was the youngest college president in the United States when he was appointed in 1975 at the age of 28. Forty years later, he is the longest-serving college president working at the same school. Bard loses just over ten percent of a freshman class each year and has a higher attrition rate than other selective liberal arts colleges. The four-year graduation rate for the class that entered in 2009 was 60 percent, according to College Results Online.
    [Show full text]
  • SECOND CHARGING LEDGER NAMES Updated: 6/5/2010
    SECOND CHARGING LEDGER NAMES Updated: 6/5/2010 Robert Abbott William Bard Thomas Bloodgood Garret Abeel George Barnwall Cornelius T. Bogert Garret B Abeel Nathaniel Barret C.W. Bowne James Abeel Francis Barrett Walter Bowne John Adams Thomas Barrow John G. Bogert Anthony Ackley James Barrow R. Bogert Roger Alden John McComb, Jr. John Culdwel Peter Allair John T. Barrow Simeon Deming William Allum Peter Clarke James Bogert Mootrey Kinsey Abraham Beach Abraham Brinckerhoff George Anthon John E.n Fisher Rodolphus Bogert Elbert Anderson Arthur C. Beamont Samuel Borrow Allard Anthony William Beekman William Bowne Thomas Arden James Beekman Obediah Bowen Frances Arden Abraham K. Beekman Robert L. Bowne Charles Arding James T. Beekman Samuel Smith Bowne Daniel Brain John K. Beekman George Bowne, Jr. William Armstrong James Forbes Robert H. Bowne Allard Anthony Samuel Bellamy John L. Bowne Gilbert Aspinwall William Bell William Bowne, Jr. John Aspinwall John Bennie John T. Staples, Jr. George Arnold John Wilson Robert Boyd John Jacob Astor Egbert Benson Samuel Boyd John Atkinson Robert Benson James Boyd Thomas B. Atwood John Bissett William Boyd Charles Atwood Elizabeth Mann Catharine Bradford John Avery James Black John N. Bradford Andrew Morton Daniel D. Thompson Gasherie Brasher Theophylact Bache Jasper D. Blagge James Bradish Daniel Badcock Cornelia Blaau Samuel Bradhurst Christian Bachr \Josiah Blackley Cornelius Brinckerhoff Elizabeth Ann Bailey Henry T. Blackley Isaac Bronson Augustus Bailey Anthony Bleecker Samuel Platt Broome William Bailey Anthony L. Bleecker Theophilius Brower Cornelius DuBois Leonard Bleecker William Brown James Bailey William Bleecker Francis Keymer Gardiner Baker James Bleecker Robert Bruce Christian Nestel Garret N.
    [Show full text]
  • Special Article a History of Pediatric Specialties
    0031-3998/03/5501-0163 PEDIATRIC RESEARCH Vol. 55, No. 1, 2004 Copyright © 2003 International Pediatric Research Foundation, Inc. Printed in U.S.A. SPECIAL ARTICLE A HISTORY OF PEDIATRIC SPECIALTIES This is the eighth article in our series on the history of pediatric specialties. Dr. Shulman describes the history of infectious diseases over the centuries. Many of these major killers of children were conquered by research that led to understanding the causes of these diseases and eventually to establishing means of prevention and treatment. Dr. Shulman also describes the organizations and publications that have furthered the development of treatment, research and education in this specialty. The future of this field includes the challenges of understanding and treating infectious diseases in immunocompromised children and in developing countries where infectious disease is still a major killer. The History of Pediatric Infectious Diseases STANFORD T. SHULMAN Northwestern University, The Feinberg School of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, The Children’s Memorial Hospital, Chicago, IL 60614 U.S.A. ABSTRACT The history of Pediatric Infectious Diseases closely parallels (1933) all contributed to the evolution of the discipline of the history of Pediatrics at least until the last century, because Pediatric Infectious Disease, and numerous leaders of these historically infections comprised the major causes of childhood organizations had significant infectious diseases interests. The morbidity and mortality, as they still do in the developing
    [Show full text]