THE LIFE-BOAT JOURNAL

OF THE National 3Life*boat Institution.

(ISSUED QUARTERLY.)

VOL. XII.—No. 133.] AUGUST 1, 1884. [PEIOE 3d.

THE SELF-RIGHTING LIFE-BOAT. THE award of the prize of £600 and a gold of all the opponents to the self-righting medal made by her Majesty's Commis- boat, because, although " facts are stubborn sioners of the INTERNATIONAL FISHEBIES things," they are not all-powerful. EXHIBITION to the ROYAL NATIONAL LIFE- During the Exhibition we heard many BOAT INSTITUTION for the " best full-sized criticisms and statements respecting the Life-Boat, fully equipped, and on a car- Institution's boat, which would have been riage, adapted to aid stranded or wrecked amusing, had they not been calculated vessels from the shore, in gales of wind, to do mischief, by shaking the con- and through heavy broken seas and surf," fidence of the uninitiated in its value, must have been very gratifying to all and consequently by weakening the Insti- interested in and connected with the tution in the public estimation, crippling Society, whether as contributors to its its usefulness. One stated to us that maintenance, or as more actively engaged "hundreds of them capsized"; another, in the management of its affairs since the "Do you call that a Life-boat? It self-righting boat was established thirty- has been the curse of the country that two years ago. It should go far to satisfy it was ever invented." We were also the first named, that the funds they have told, in all seriousness and good faith, entrusted to the governing body have that our boats could not pull against been well and ably administered, if the wind and sea, and we fear that the old result is, to find that the description of fallacy that because a boat will self-right boat considered by it to be the' best and if upset, she must be equally liable to most efficient, is able to carry off, in open capsize, is not entirely exploded, our boat competition, a prize large enough to have still being absurdly called in some parts remunerated any competitor who could the " roly-poly." have produced a better. To all who have The Committee appointed in 1850. to taken any part in the government of the examine into and report upon the models Institution, or are now doing so, it must sent in to compete for the Duke of be equally satisfactory to find the boat Northumberland's prize for the best Life they have hitherto adhered to, and which boat, was composed of able and experienced they still hold to be " all round " the most naval officers and naval architects, who efficient and best adapted engine for the formulated for their own guidance the work required of it, holding the proud following table of qualities requisite for a position of winner in such a race. good Life-boat. It would be unreasonable to expect 1. Qualities as a rowing boat in all that this result will change the opinions weathers.

XII.—No. 133.—LIFE-BOAT JOUENAL. 2 D 406 THE LIFE-BOAT JOURNAL. [AUGUST 1,1884.

2. Qualities as a sailing boat. directly opposed to No. 13, "Access to 3. Qualities as a sea boat—stability, stem and stern." We could, if necessary, safety, buoyancy forward for launching enumerate other differences. through a surf. To bring these different qualities into 4. Small internal capacity for water up harmony with each other has been, so to to the level of the thwarts. speak, the office of the self-righting Life- 5. Means of freeing the boat of water boat, and we think the success which has readily. attended its efforts, can best be demon- 6. Extra buoyancy, its nature, amount, strated by showing what it has done, distribution, and mode of application. and what are the opinions of those who 7. Power of self-righting. have worked it, as to its suitableness for 8. Suitableness for beaching. its task. 9. Koom for, and power to carry pas- The first self-righting boat was placed sengers. on the coast in 1852, and there are now 10. Moderate weight for transport along two hundred and fifty-six of them at shore. various stations, belonging to the Institu- 11. Protection from injury to the tion. Between their first establishment bottom. and the 15th of last June, they have been 12. Ballast, as iron, water, or cork. launched for service no less than 4,405 13. Access to stem and stern. times, and have saved 11,716 lives. In 14. Timberheads for securing ropes to. doing this only 36 boats, manned by 447 15. Fenders, life-lines, etc. men, and having on board 35 men We think this list will recommend rescued from wrecks, have been capsized, itself to any impartial mind, as a moderate out of which 49 of the boats' crews, and and correct general description of the 12 of the wrecked men have been drowned. requirements needed to constitute a good These losses have been confined, however, Life-boat. It will be obvious to all sailors to 16 of the capsizes, no casualties having that the conditions necessary for procuring occurred in the 20 other cases. The the greatest amount of some of these accidents have mostly befallen the smaller qualities, are directly opposed to others of classes of Life-boats, none having occurred equal importance, and- that therefore the in connection with the three largest outcome, to be of real value, must be a classes. Considering the nature of the judicious combination of, or rather com- seas, and the other risks to be encountered promise with, all in their several degrees in these services, we maintain that this of importance. loss is wonderfully small, and speaks Of course there are modifications to volumes, not only for the qualities of the this; for instance, the largest sized boats, boats, but also for those of the crews who such as those at Ramsgate, Deal, Walmer, man them; added to which the fact of Harwich, etc., are too large to be propelled no casualty having attended more than by oars in a seaway, therefore the con- half the capsizes, is a very strong argu- sideration of the first quality loses its ment in favour of the self-righting prin- great importance, but the eighth quality ciple, showing as it does, that when an is equal, if not greater, because some are accident occurs, the boat's righting again launched from a beach, and those kept immediately, provides a powerful means afloat frequently strike the ground, some- of rescue to their crews. It must also be times in the trough of a sea, when crossing remembered, that in addition to the 20 a shoal, and must therefore be of light cases in which no one was lost, in 6 cases draught of water, and have a flat floor. the number of the boats' crews lost was Again, No. 3, " Buoyancy forward for only one; in 2 cases two; in 3 cases launching through a surf," as well as three; in 2 cases four; in 1 case five; No. 7, "Power of self-righting," are in 1 case six; and in 1 case eleven. On AUGUST 1,1884.] THE LIFE-BOAT JOUBNAL. 407

one occasion there were twenty-nine men twenty-two launched for service, always in the boat, including the boat's crew, tb in weather more or less bad and when rescued men, and two women, who were lives were in danger, has been capsized, both saved, the proportions of the los as well as that, taking an average of ten being four of the boat's crew, and seven men to a boat (which we consider fair) wrecked men. From this it will be only one life in nine hundred of those seen that in nearly all the 36 cases o: manning the boats has been lost, whereas boats capsizing on service, a very large eleven thousand seven hundred and six- majority of the men on board regained teen have been saved, during the same them, and in only one instance has the period. number lost exceeded one half of those We frequently hear of an uncapsizeoble in the boat. loaf, but this, possessing the form in- One of the questions on the Wreck dispensable for Life-boat wort, we un- Service Eeturn is, How did the boal hesitatingly say has never yet been built, behave? Taking the replies from one or, we believe, invented. It is true this year's returns respecting the self-righting most desirable quality—we had almost boats, we find they are all satisfactory, said perfection—has been nearly attained being worded, "splendidly," "most ad- in some of the modern racing-yachts, mirably," "excellently," "exceedingly whose stability goes on increasing until well," " very well," and " well." they are nearly, if not quite, on their The Institution having, in deference to " beam ends," but doing so entails a model local feeling, retained at certain stations quite unsuitable for a Life-boat. non-self-righting boats, of more than one The assertion that the self-righting boat type, we think too close a comparison cannot pull against wind and sea, taken between them and the self-righting boats in its literal sense, is not correct. The would be in bad taste, and certainly not records, without close scrutiny, show saf- gratifying to the men who work the ficient indisputable cases of this having former, and vie with their comrades in been done, to satisfy any reasonable the self-righting boats, in the performance inquiry, and when it is remembered that of gallant and arduous services in saving considerably more than half the services life; but we must remind the opponents of the smaller class or pulling-boats are of the self-righting boats who, although always performed under oars, it is only comparatively small. in number, are very reasonable to suppose that a close scrutiny persistent, and we believe are very fond and inquiry would find many more in- of quoting the qualities of the non-righting stances. This would necessitate the spend- boats against them, that equally good ing of more time than the result would services are performed by the self-righting justify, but, in proof of our assertion that boats of the same dimensions, with equal such is the fact, we could produce date success and immunity from casualty, both and details of more than one such un- belonging principally to the large sailing deniable case within the last few years, class, whilst the accidents have occurred and only refrain from doing so through to the smaller pulling-boats, of which there the fear of bringing into prominent notice are very few indeed not self-righting. some gallant services, to the injury of the It would be Utopian to expect that feelings of other crews, who have equally such a work as that done by the boats of distinguished themselves. At the same this Institution, could be carried on with ime, we do not pretend that these boats perfect immunity from accident, some- can overcome every combination of the times entailing a sacrifice of life, but we lements, nor do we deny that sometimes think it cannot be considered excessive, heir efforts to reach a wreck may be foiled, since in thirty-two years only one self- and they driven back by force of wind righting boat in every ono hundred and and sea; but it is very seldom this occurs,

~ 2 D 2 408 THE LIFE-BOAT JOURNAL. [AUGUST 1,1884. for the failures to succeed in launching 1necessity for advancement, and has, since and in reaching wrecks do not amount to the Exhibition closed, made several im- two per cent. portant additions to the efficiency of its With such results before them, some boats, tending to render, if possible, more people might be inclined to think further undeserved than ever the soubriquet of advance or improvement very improbable, " roly-poly" before referred to, and at and not much to be desired, but this is not this moment the Committee have under the case, for although happily the verdict consideration a proposal which will, if its of the jury has been given in favour of adoption proves practicable, still more the Institution, and shows her position to tend to increase the efficiency of the Life- be what it should, it is quite alive to the i boats.

OUK INLAND BEANCHES. EDINBURGH, LEITH AND GKANTON. EDINBURGH, the capital of Scotland, is situated cities in the world, renowned alike for its public near the south shore of the Firth of Forth, buildings, institutions, literature, and historical nearly 400 miles from London. It is sur- reminiscences. rounded on all sides, excepting the north, by Owing to the absence of any manufacture on lofty hills, the town itself standing on three a largo scale, Edinburgh has not increased in hills or ridges which run parallel to each other population in anything like the same proportion from east to west. as Glasgow and other large manufacturing At the western extremity of the highest 6f centres in England; nevertheless it lias, by its these hills, on which the old town was originally banking establishments, and the diffusion of built, may be seen the Castle, conspicuous on capital, contributed in a great degree to the the precipitous rock, towering some 300 feet progress made in trade and commerce through- above the surrounding country. out Scotland. The origin of the name Edinburgh is traced Of the institutions connected with Edin- to the early part of the seventh century, to those burgh, it is impossible to pass over without happy-go-lucky days when everything was at mention, that of the University, -which has so sixes and sevens, arising from the disturbed con- recently attracted the notice of the whole dition of the country, created by the numerous civilized world. The most distinguished men battles fought by the rival kings of the Saxon of all countries, in science, art and literature Heptarchy. have only lately assembled within the city to It is said the Castle to which we have already attend the rejoicings on the occasion of the referred was the occasional residence of the celebration of the Tercentenary of the Univer- Northumbrian kings, and that during the time of sity, to do honour to the ceremony, and last, but Anglo-Saxon dominion in Lothian, Edwin, who not least, to receive degrees. The festivities was reigning chief of Northumberland A.D. 627, were arranged on a scale worthy of the occasion, gave his name to the locality, which was then ! and of the celebrities collected together. termed Edwin's burgh, a designation ever after- | The romances of Sir Walter Scott have helped wards retained. to render the city famous, and have given a From Edwin's time the town slowly and great impetus to literature. Hardly a street gradually increased in size, until ultimately in j exists which does not recall vividly to the the fifteenth century it became the national I memory some historical events, and all the capital, for no better reason we believe than surroundings appeal strongly to the imagina- that security could not be guaranteed elsewhere ! tion and feelings of visitors to the neighbour- to the person of royalty and to members of the .) hood, while the Advocate's Library coutains Government against the designs of the nobility. | the largest and finest collection of books in With such a stronghold in the vicinity, it is Scotland. no wonder that the Castle became a frequent [ Edinburgh hiis long been noted for its educa- residence of the Scotch kings, particularly ! tional establishments, the chief of which is the during the stormy period of the fourteenth, University already mentioned. The numerous fifteenth, and sixteenth centuries, and out of '. free schools, founded and endowed for the gratitude for the protection they received from maintenance and education of the children of this " City of Refuge," numerous privileges were the poor, and the fact that all schools, including conferred upon the borough by them. After the University itself, are open to all (the this time but slight alteration took place in the : smallness of the fees putting it in the power of dimensions or importance of the town until the all except the very poor to avail themselves of latter half of tiie eighteenth century, when the opportunities given), present a system that considerable extensions were made on the north ! must provoke a thirst for knowledge in every and south sides, and some magnificent buildings class of the community, a system too that pro- elected ; since then it has grown rapidly in size vides in a great measure for the nourishment and splendour, and is now one of the finest ! of the body as well as intellectual food for the AUGUST 1, 1884.] THE LIFE-BOAT JOCOJNAL. 409

brain, a want much felt in the education of the nection with this life-boat. On the way to its poor iu England. station it was exhibited in Glasgow, Dec. 16, The Edinburgh, Leith and Granton Branch 1866, and among others who went to see the of the Koyal National Life-boat Institution was boat was the wife of the master of the barque formally established in March, 1864. Previously " Sfrathleven •' of that port, accompanied by to that date subscriptions had been obtained her children, who put an offering into the sub- chiefly through the agency of Mr. Geo. Mathie- scription box by the side of the life-boat. s in, manager of the North of Scotland Steam Exactly one year after, on the 16th Dec., 1867, Shipping Company, who had long felt a great the c iptain's vessel was wrecked on the Wig- interest in the object. Mr. Mathieson having tonshire coast, and on the morning following received an appeal from the Committee of the he and his crew of fourteen men were rescued Life-boat Institution, suggesting that more might by the very life-boat which his wife and children be done for the cause in the district, convened had contributed to support. a meeting of influential citizens of Edinburgh Though the presentation of this lifeboat was and Leith, and laid the subject before them. due almost entirely to the exertions of Mr. The matter was very heartily taken up, and. a Ballautyne, yet the committee of this branch committee composed of some of the leading | lent to the movement their hearty approval and citizens appointed, among whom were not a few | assistance, and were present at the launch. naval officers holding a high position. j An important result of the influence exercised From that time to the present very valuable by this Committee has been the receipt of many assistance has been rendered by such dis- j handsome legacies left by local residents to the tinguished officers aa Rear-Admiral Sir Wm. Institution, either direct or through the medium Hope Johnston, Admiral Sir Wm. Ramsay, j of the branch. Among these may be mentioned Rear-Admiral Hay, and last, not least, by Sir ! the following, viz., that by Miss Downie of Alex. Milne, Bail., Admiral of the Fleet, who I " Appin"of £1000 for providing a life-boat, to has for the last six years kindly acted as chair- j ba called the "Appin"; that of Mr. David man of the branch, and has shown the warmest Hay, of Castle Street, Edinburgh, of £1000, interest in its prosperity. for the establishment of a life-boat on some The Committee having iu various ways given dangerous part of the coast of Scotland; that information to the public as to the useful and of Mr. and Mrs. Peter Forbes of Dunsholt, Fife, interesting nature of life-boat work, it is not a the share of whose residue accruing to the matter for surprise that the subject became a Institution amounted to £550; and lastly, that popular one in the community; this result was of Mr. Patersou of Edinburgh, the most impor- in great measure brought about by the kind and tant of all, who bequeathed the sum of £5657 valuable assistance of Mr. H. 31. Ballantyne, to be applied to the formation of a fund for tlie well-known author, who delivered attractive relieving the widows and children of men who lectures on the life-boat iu various districts of the may lose their lives in the service, and a further city, illustrating them by model of the life-boat sum of £900 for the general purposes of the and the apparatus used in rescuing the perish- Institution. The total subscriptions for the ing from shipwreck. As a natural outcome, past year, together with donations, and two it was resolved (o provide a life-boat, for which small legacies, amounted to £486 18s. 3d. subscriptions were invited ; these flowed in from The interest thus aroused in Edinburgh was all quarters. The boys of the city gave their further developed by the International Fisheries willing help, nnd perhaps the greatest service Exhibition, held in the city during the spring of was rendered by an association of working men. 1882 for the purpose of exhibiting all articles The life-boat was procured and named the connected with, and illustrative of the Fisheries " Edinburgh and B. M. Ballantyne," and the of the World, and among other things included ladies of Edinburgh subsequently raised an a model of one of the Institution's life-boats, Endowment Fund on its behalf. The boat was mounted on a transporting carriage, with several publicly exhibited, and launched at St. Mar- articles of a life-boat equipment, lent by the garet's Loch, December 8th, 18.66, in tlie Institution for the occasion. presence of a concourse of several thousand The death of the first Hon. Secretary and spectators, and was soon afterwards stationed at Treasurer, Mr. Geo. Mathieson, in 1878, was a Port Logan, a fishing village on the coast of severe loss to all friends of the life-boat cause; Wigtonshire at the western side of the Mull af I the Committee are thankful however that in Galloway, where it has been instrumental in his able successor, Mr. Robt. Sinclair, they have saving thirty lives from different wrecked an Hon. Secretary and Treasurer whose heart is vessels. I thoroughly in the good work, and who un- A very singular coincidence occurred in con- i sparingly devotes himself to its promotion.

ADDITIONAL STATIONS AND NEW LIFE-BOATS. CAISTEB, NORFOLK.—The large Life- been named the Covent Garden, in acknow- boat on this station, having become ledgement of the handsome collection through frequent use, unfit for further made each year on behalf of the Institu- service, has been replaced by a new boat, tion through the co-operation of the •which, like the one it superseded, has Stewards of the special Life-boat Fund 410 THE LIFE-BOAT JOURNAL. [AUGUST 1,1884. promoted amongst the tradespeople and CARDIGAN.—The Life-boat station at others connected with Covent Garden St. Dogmael's, near Cardigan, has been Market. The Life-boat which had thus completely renovated by the NATIONAL worn itself out in the performance of its LIFE-BOAT INSTITUTION, a new boat, house mission of mercy, had, since it was first and slipways having been provided at a placed on its station in 1865, been afloat large expense. Mrs. LEIGH CLABE, of on service 135 times, and been the means Broughton, presented, through the Man- of saving no less than 484 lives from chester Branch, the handsome contri- different shipwrecks. The new boat, bution of £650 to the Institution on be- which is 42 feet long and 11 feet 4 inches half of this station, in memory of her wide, was built by Messrs. Beeching late husband. The boat, which is one of Brothers of Great Yarmouth. It is con- the 34 feet, 10-oared class, is named, in structed on what is termed the " Norfolk" accordance with her wishes, the Lizzie plan, being one of the large sailing- and Charles Leigh Clare. It was exhibited boats to be found on the Norfolk and in Manchester before being sent to Car- Suffolk coasts, where they are much digan, and on the 16th of Oct. last, was appreciated. They have been used at publicly named and launched. On this Yarmouth and Lowestoft for more than occasion, the boat was manned by a crew half a century. The launch of the new from the Blackpool Life-boat Station, Life-boat from the builder's yard at Great and drawn through some of the princi- Yarmouth on the 3rd of Nov. last, was pal streets of the city by six fine grey very successful. A large number of the horses, which were lent for the day by local residents attended on the occasion, Messrs. Thompson, M'Kay, and Co. The and a deputation from the Committee of band of the Ardwick Industrial School the Covent Garden Life-boat Fund, 'con- accompanied the procession, and the un- sisting of Messrs. H. B. BUCK, C. DENTON, usual sight attracted large crowds of A. DICKSON, S. J. PALLANT, and J. people all along the route. In the neigh- WEBBEB (Hon. Sec.), went specially from bourhood of the Eochdale canal, where London to take part in the proceedings. the ceremony of naming the boat took Mr. WEBBER in suitable terms handed over place, there was an immense concourse of the boat to the keeping of the Yarmouth spectators, who, notwithstanding the in- and Caister Branch of the Institution. clement weather, crowded the wharfs, The gift was accepted by the Mayor, who canal boats and even the tops of the said that the gallant crews who manned warehouses. The boat was placed in the Life-boats at Caister would, he knew position, ready for launching, in a part from long experience, be always ready to where the canal is wide enough for the launch the Life-boat when their services purpose. The Eev. E. HEWLETT, one of were required. The Eev. E. G. H. the honorary secretaries of the Man- MUBBELL, honorary secretary of the chester Branch, opened the proceedings Caister Branch, having offered 'up a with prayer, after which Mr. EOBEBT prayer that the blessing of God might at WHITWOBTH, one of the honorary trea- all times attend the boat and its crew, the surers said he had been asked to present Mayoress proceeded to name the boat the that beautiful boat to the Institution Covent Garden, and the new craft glided on behalf of Mrs. LEIGH CLABE, in into the water in gallant style, amid the memory of her late husband. He felt cheers of the spectators, after which it was sure the work which the boat would taken round to the Britannia Pier in tow perform would be a noble one, and one of a steam-tug, and sailed to its station. which would amply repay Mrs. LEIGH Although the weather was too fine to test CLAEE for the money she had expended the properties of the Life-boat, the crew on it. The Manchester Branch had were much pleased with its appearance, sent a large number of Life-boats to and their expectations as to its good sea- different parts of the coast, and 720 lives going qualities have since been fully real- had been saved by these boats. This ised, the boat having been out on several alone was ample recompense for the time occasions in stormy weather to the rescue and money which had been devoted to of shipwrecked crews, when its behaviour the work. gave every satisfaction to the crew. Commander C. LA PEIMAUDAYE, E.N., one of the district inspectors, formally AUGUST 1,1884.] THE LITE-BOAT JOUENAL, 411 accepted the gift on behalf of the Institu- first boat was given to the Institution tion. The new boat, he said, was intended by the Victoria Club, as a memorial to to replace one given by the Manchester the late Admiral Ecus. Branch more than twenty years ago, and named the John Stuart; it was stationed in NEWPORT, PEMBROKESHIRE.—The new Cardigan Bay, and had been the means of Life-boat station which has been formed saving 53 lives. There were 274 boats by the NATIONAL LIFE-BOAT INSTITUTION, under the control of the Institution, nearly at Newport, Pembrokeshire, was publicly all of which had been given by corporations inaugurated on Tuesday, the 27th May, or private individuals. The money needed last. Great enthusiasm was shown in for the maintenance of the boats and the the town and neighbourhood, the streets payment of the crews also, was provided of Newport were draped with flags, and a by voluntary contributions. In conclu- great concourse of all classes assembled sion, he thanked the people of Man- on the occasion. The Life-boat is 37 feet chester for the support they had given long, 8 feet wide, rows 12 oars double- the Life-boat Institution during the last banked, and possesses the usual cha- twenty years. racteristics of the boats of the Institu- Mrs. S. L. HELM then named the boat, tion as regards self-righting, self-ejecting saying, "Let this Life-boat henceforth water, &c., which were fully demonstrated bear the name of " The Lizzie and Charles on the occasion of its harbour trial in Leigh Glare," and may God speed her the Limehouse Canal, London. , A very in the noble work of saving human life." handsome building has been erected at Mrs. HELM then cut the rope which Cwmdewy for the reception of the boat held the boat upon its carriage, and it from the designs of the Institution's glided into the water amid the hearty architect. The cost of the Life-boat and cheers of the vast multitude of onlookers. equipment has been defrayed from the The crew rowed about in the canal for " Clevedon " Life-boat Fund, amounting some time, and a number of them jumped to 5001., raised by Mrs. LAVINGTON, of Bel- into the water to give their colleagues grave House, Clevedon, and her friends an opportunity of illustrating their method and pupils. It had at first been con- of rescuing persons in danger of drown- templated that the " Clevedon " Life-boat ing. The boat was also turned over, in should be stationed at Clevedon; but order that its power of self-righting after full inquiry by the Institution, it might be seen. was found that it was quite unsuitable as A vote of thanks to Mrs. HELM having a Life-boat station, and the Committee been passed, on the motion of the Kev. then decided to appropriate Mrs. LAVING- Canon WOODHOUSB, seconded by Mr. T. TON'S collection to the Newport new Life- HABKER, the proceedings terminated. The boat establishment. Mrs. LAVINGTON was boat was afterwards taken by rail to unable to be present at the first launch Bristol and thence by water to Cardigan. of the Life-boat, and the ceremony of On arriving there on the 23rd of naming was kindly undertaken by Miss October, the boat was tried.by its own BOWEN, daughter of J. B. BOWEN, Esq., crew in the presence of a large number of Llwyngwair, the President of the of spectators, when its behaviour gave Newport Branch of the Institution. On great satisfaction. the afternoon of the 27th May, a pro- cession was formed at the Cross, New- MARGATE AND WITHERNSEA. — These port, consisting of the Mayor, the Eev.. stations have been furnished with new JAMES JENKINS in his robes, repre- Life-boats, bearing the same names as the sentative deputations from the Ivorites, ones they replaced. The Margate Life Odd Fellows and Foresters, bearing their boat—the Quiver—is 37 feet long by 9 feet regalia and decorated with scarves, and wide, and rows 12 oars, double banked. the volunteer crew of the Life-boat in This boat, as well as the one it replaced, blue jerseys and red caps. Accompanied and two others, were presented to the by the Newport brass band the procession Institution, by the readers of The Quiver marched to Llwyngwair and escorted magazine. The Withernsea Life-boat, Mr. and Miss BOWEN to the Life-boat which is named the Admiral BOMS, is house, their carriage being drawn into one of the 34 feet, 10-oared class. The the town by the boat's crew. The pro- 412 THE LIFE-BOAT JOURNAL. [AUGUST 1, 1884.

ceedings were commenced by a speech the Eev. EVAN JONES, Eector of the from Commander LA PRIMAUDAYE, B.N., Parish, and, after the singing of some District Inspector of Life-boats to the Welsh hymns, Miss BOWEN ascended the Institution, in which he explained its platform which had been erected, and object and working, and concluded by performed the ceremony of naming by formally transferring the management of dashing the customary bottle of wine at the new Branch to the Local Committee. the bows of the boat and naming it Mr. BOWEN, in reply, tendered a hearty The Clevedon. The Life-boat was then welcome to the Life-boat, and requested launched into the sea, amid much cheering, the Inspector to convey their best ac- and the coxswain and crew were instructed knowledgments to the Institution, and in its management and the use of the their gratitude to the donor of the Life- gear by the District Inspector. The boat boat, the gift of which was very much appeared to meet with general approval. appreciated by the locality. Dr. HAVABD, The sister Life-boat from the adjoining Chairman of the Branch, spoke in similar station, Fishguard, was brought over by terms. Prayers were then offered up by its crew, to welcome the new comer.

PEESENTATION TO THE MONTEOSE LIFE-BOATMEN. (From The Dundee Advertiser, 21st April, 1884.) FOR years past the Montrose life-boat crews, by a life-boat at Montrose, and ho had had the their readiness at all times to proceed to sea to pleasure of acting as Hon. Secretary for eleven the rescue of the wrecked, and the success years. (Applause.) It had been a matter of which has at all times attended their labours, great satisfaction to him to have had to deal have earned for Montrose the reputation of with the life-boat crews in the happy and being, so far as means for saving life are con- harmonious way that he had always met them. cerned, one of the best equipped ports on the They had ever mustered promptly at the call British coasts. Some days ago Mr. JAS. of danger. (Applause.) He questioned if WABRACK, the energetic Hon. Secretary of the there was any life-boat station in the kingdom Montrose Branch of the ROYAL NATIONAL that, during the last ten or twelve years, had been LIFE-BOAT INSTITUTION, received from the Parent so uniformly successful in saving life. He had Society two beautifully executed addresses, in been looking over the records of the station chaste oak frames, for presentation to the cox- i during the time his connection with it had swains of the two life-boats ; and, on Saturday | subsisted, and would briefly refer to several evening, 19th April, a public presentation of points. The first attempt to save life with the these took place in the Mission Hall, Ferrydeu. ' new boat—an attempt made before the present The Eev. Dr. MITCHELL, who presided, in \ organization was adopted—was on a dark and opening the proceedings, referred to the interest stormy night in December, when a vessel they all took in the efforts of the life-boats. named the Hermes came ashore. Several Of course, many of those present could take no attempts were made to save the lives of the active hand in those efforts, but they followed crew, but they failed. That sad occasion, he them with their sympathy and their prayers. thought, impressed upon them all the necessity (Applause.) On the occasion of the last of for having more perfect and thorough arrange- these efforts they all felt deep anxiety. He ments, so as to have the most prompt muster of supposed that for many years they had not the crews, and never to hesitate in sending out the been without public worship in the village life-boat when there was the least risk of loss unless on that Sabbath Day; but God was of life. The result had been that during the preaching a sermon to them upon the seashore. last twelve years the life-boats had saved every He was very glad that the effort was successful life they went out to save, with the exception in rescuing the lives of those who were in of two men lost off a schooner some years ago, danger. (Applause.) He was sorry that on who were too frightened to leave the vessel, the present occasion little more than half of the although the then coxswain, William Mearns, life-boat crews were able to beJpresent. David had the boat almost below the falling masts Duncan, coxswain, of the Mincing Lane, was before he left the ship. These men were lost away in Lerwick, and others were out at sea. not through fault of the life-boat crews, but Mr. WARRACK said he was glad to be present from their own delay in trying to get into the as the local representative of the ROYAL boat. The only other occasion on which a life NATIONAL LIFE-BOAT INSTITUTION. That In- had been lost, was at the wreck of the steamer stitution had been in existence now for 60 years, Norma, when a poor lad went down to the and had been the means of saving about 30,000 cabin for his jacket, and who, on the life-boat lives, and it had over 270 life-boats around the returning to take him on board, lost his hold, coasts of Great Britain and Ireland. It was and was drowned. He (Mr. Warrack) had about thirteen years since the Institution placed looked carefully over the records, and foaud. AUGUST 1, 1884.] THE LIFE-BOAT JOUENAL. 413

that there had never been an attempt to save easterly gale came away vessels driven past the life on that coast during the last dozen years Firth, or those coming from the eastward, got that had not been successful. (Applause.) embayed off Montrose, and almost to a certainty That was due to the gallantry of the men, and came ashore in the bay, or at the harbour their willingness at all times to muster, and to mouth. They "Would all recollect the sad week the fact, that they had two life-boats—the some three years ago, when thirteen vessels were larger one suitable for going out to sea. and the wrecked in one storm, between Gourdou and smaller one for launching off the beach; and, Usan; whilst of the crews of those which came whenever there was any fear of lives being ashore on the Montrose Sands almost every life lost, lie never hesitated to send out both boats, was saved, hardly one was saved of those often at great expense—expense being no object which went ashore about St. Cyrus, or the compared with the certainty that, humanly rocks at Usau and Gourdon. During a south- speaking, they had done all they could to save easterly gale on their exposed coast, the life-boat life. (Applause.) During the period he had crews had always to be on the watch, and to be referred to—apart from the valuable services prompt, and that was one reason, he thought, rendered by the boats to fishing boats over- how they saved so many lives, for he believed taken by sudden storms—there had been saved there was no life-boat station on the Scotch by the life-boats 203 lives. From March of coast, that could show anything like the same last year to March of the present year, no less record. (Applause.) He did not say that the than 50 lives had been saved—23 last year, crews were braver than their fellow-fishermen, and 27 the present year already, (Applause.) but they knew how to do their duty, and they The Institution watched carefully the pro- never hesitated to undertake any risk. It ceedinss of all their life-boats, and they marked would not do on the occasion of a wreck for the efficient stations, and the efficient boats. him to say to the coxswain, " You are to go out Seeing that 50 lives had been saved during the and save that crew," if the coxswain saw that it past year, and a proper representation of the was impossible to do so; but he had never seen gallant services rendered by the boats on the them hesitate to do whatever was required. Sunday evening referred to by the Chairman, (Applause.) Three times out of eight they they wrote down expressing their admiration of were out at sea before he knew of the wreck, or the successful efforts of the Montrose boats in at least before he got down. It was exceedingly saving life, and, after corresponding with him, gratifying to him that the presentations had had decided to express their approval in the come, as they showed the appreciation that the shape of votes of thanks inscribed on vellum. Institution had for the Montrose life-boats. All present would understand that it was im- (Applause.) He read a letter from Coxswain possible for the Institution to have sent a David Duncan, expressing his regret at not separate vote to each individual member of being able to be present; and, in handing over the two crews; but, though only the names of the testimonials to Coxswain James Watt and the coxswains had been inserted, he hoped one of the crew of the Mincing Lane, the that the crews would understand that the Chairman said he was sure they would be an votes of thanks were intended for them all, encouragement to them all to do their duty in and that there was no first boat and second the future, as they had done in the past. boat, but that they were both on an equal (Applause.) footing. Mr. Wai-rack then read the vote of Coxswain JAMES WATT, in returning thanks thanks, in the shape of an extract from the on behalf of the crews, said that although he minutes of a meeting of the Parent Society, could " crack awa'" at the end of the house— signed by the President, His Grace THE DUKE (laughter)—he felt very awkward when he stood OP NORTHUMBERLAND, the Chairman, Mr. ED- up and saw so many faces before him. He was WARD BIRKBECK, M.P., and the Secretary, Mr. very thankful for the vote of thanks from the CHARLES DIBDIN, and which was as follows :— ROYAL NATIONAL LIFE-BOAT INSTITUTION, and "Resolved that the thanks of the EOTAL •the crews were very proud to have earned the NATIONAL LIFE-BOAT INSTITUTION be presented appreciation of the Institution by their services to Mr. DAVID DUNCAN, coxswain of the on that Sunday night in the early part of Montrose life-boat,MincingLane,in recognition March. It would give to them a deeper of the good service in saving life from ship- interest in their arduous, but very blessed work. wreck which he and his crew have rendered— (Applause.) As they all knew, it was very especially on the occasion of the rescue of arduous work. It was when storms and four men off the s.s. Mayflower, of Glasgow, on tempests raged that they had their work to do. the 9th of March, 1884." (Applause.) The On the occasion to which Mr; Warrack had other (Mr. Warrack stated) was couched in the referred, when two men were lost, he could say same terms with the exception, that the name from experience, that it was one of the most of JAMES WATT, coxswain of the Roman difficult and dangerous pieces of work ever Governor, was inserted. He (Mr. Warrack) accomplished by the life-boats at Montrose. dared say that none of them would grudge He had been in the life-boat for years now, but their respective coxswains the honour of having that was the severest job he ever had on hand. their names inserted in the testimonials of the He was second to William Mearns at the time, approval of the Institution of the services of and it was hard work saving the two men that crews and coxswains alike. (Applause.) He were saved. One was taken off the vessel; often wondered how it was that they had so the other had been washed overboard, and was many life-boat services, and saved so many picked up from amongst the surf. (Applause.) lives at Montrose compared with other places. But, as he had said, it was a very blessed work, Montrose stood in a " set," and when a south- for, as they had heard that night, the life-boats

2 l> 3 414 THE LIFE-BOAT JOURNAL. [AUGUST 1,1884. had saved hundreds fiom a premature and Warrack that unless wanted for'any special watery grave. Had it not been for the Mincing occasion, he would leave the work to him, for Lane he would not have been standing there there had never been one in Montrose who had that night; he would have been in the eternal excelled Mr. Warrack in his management of world years ago. She saved his life, and that the life-boat work, and, for that matter, never was how he took such an active part in life-boat would be. (Applause.) He (Mr. Johnston) work. (Applause.) Many years ago the should be very glad indeed if some more Ferryden boats went to sea one morning—a tangible proof of the esteem in which Mr. moderate sort of morning, with no sign of Warrack was held was given by the community, danger, but there came on such a storm as he the fishermen, and the directors of the Parent supposed had not been seen since. All the Institution. It would come some day. (Ap- boats got in but four, and he was on board plause.) He would say without fear of con- one of them. The storm continued to rage, tradiction that there was not in Scotland, the night was coming on, and he could tell Ireland, England, or—he would take a wide them that there was some thought then. range—in the whole world, a more energetic, Coming for the harbour mouth, they did not enthusiastic, or faithful Secretary of any life- think that the sea was so heavy as it was on boat station than Mr. Warraok—so much so the bar, and if it had not been for the life- that his Committee had nothing to do. boat coming out, they must have been lost. (Laughter and applause.) When the other He must give credit to William Mearns and members heard the rocket fired they knew that his crew for their bravery in mustering and the life-boat Vas being launched, and that Mr. going out to save life. (Applause.) Twenty- Warrack was there. (Applause.) He had four of them came ashore that night in the known him, while suffering from severe illness, Mincing Lane, and but for her not one of them leave his home and go down to the beach on an would have been present that night. (Ap- exceedingly stormy day when a wreck occurred. plause.) He must say a word on behalf of He was not flattering Mr. Warrack—he was their old friend Mr. Warrack. (Applause.) speaking from what he had seen, and what He was the right man in the right place. every one knew. (Applause.) After referring That other occasion—three years past the 6th to the gratifying statistics of the work of the of March—was a very difficult one. On the past twelve years, Mr. Johnston went on to say previous Saturday night they had saved the that it was not always so. Prior to that there crew of a Welsh schooner. On the Sunday was a continual worry and disagreement about morning they were engaged in saving the the life-boat. The men were not allowed to perishable cargo of the vessel—he did not launch the boat when thought necessary. know if they had much credit by that work— They had to go and rouse somebody out of his when a brig hove in sight making for the bed, that "somebody" had to give the order for harbour. Mr. Warrack at once gave orders to the boat being launched, and by the time the knock off work, get on their cork jackets, and red tape was exhausted precious lives had been man the life-boat, and pull to the river-mouth. lost. He knew there were. Give the fisher- They did so, but it was a difficult operation men of Perryden the power to launch the boats getting to the river-mouth. The steering gear when they saw necessity, and there would be of the vessel having given way she drove no trouble. When complaint was made in the ashore in the bay, and David Duncan at once Dundee Advertiier some years ago about the crossed the Annat bar, where a very heavy sea conduct of the crew at a port which he need was running. He (Coxswain Watt) did not not name, it was found that the defect lay with say there was any occasion for that; but he the management of the station, not with the was afraid that the other life-boat, which had crew. When "a younger man he had wrought been launched from the beach, might not in Montrose Bay. He knew something about manage to save the crew. Both boats pulled what it was like in a heavy gale, and he often alongside, and after a deal of labour the crew trembled when he thought of the risks run by were got off by the smaller boat. Just after the life-boat crews; but for the last twelve that hard struggle a steamboat drove ashore, years, with one solitary exception, there had and, tired and exhausted as the crews were, not been a single man lost oft' the boats. they went and saved her crew also, with the (Applause.) Then they ought to remember that exception of the lad who went back for his many of the crews had suffered from the jacket. He concluded by again returning the arduous work. The two Mearnses carried thanks of the crews to Mr. Warrack and the marks of the Montrose life-boat, and would Institution. (Applause.) carry them to their graves. It was not all done A choir under Mr. Wishart haying sung in for nothing. (Applause.) After giving a fine style a piece written by Admiral Ward in graphic sketch of a wreck he witnessed some praise of the life-boat, years ago, Mr. Johnston concluded by referring Mr. JAMES JOHNSTON, on the call of the to the harmonious way in which Mr. Warrack Chairman, addressed the Meeting. He said it and the crews had wrought together for twelve was a long time since he was at a meeting of years. (Applause.) the Life-boat Committee, although he was a Several appropriate hymns having been sung member. It was long since he told Mr. and the usual votes of thanks given, the in- Warrack that he was so perfectly satisfied with teresting proceedings were brought to a close. the work of the life-boat men and with Mr. AUGUST 1,1884.] THE LIFE-BOAT JOURNAL. 415

SEEVICES OF THE LIFE-BOATS OF THE EOTAL NATIONAL LIFE-BOAT INSTITUTION—continued.

BRIGHSTONE GRANGE, ISLE OP WIGHT.— sengers and a crew of 103 persons. The The Worcester Cadet Life-boat was launched whole of the passengers were taken into at 8.20 P.M. on the 3rd January, 1884, ' the Life-boat and landed at Grange Chine, signal guns of distress having been heard after which the boat returned to the ship in the direction of the " Atherfield Ledge",to bring off the crew if necessary. She rocks during a thick fog and a heavy ; remained by her about three hours, when, ground swell. On arriving there it was finding that her services were not required, found that the four-mast steamer Duke of she returned to her station. Westminster, of London, 3800 tons, had ; On the evening of the 5th January a gone on the rocks. She was bound from ! mounted messenger from the officer of Brisbane and Colombo to London with a I Coast Guard arrived at Brigh stone Grange general cargo, and had on board 21 pas- and requested that the Life-boat might 416 THE LIFE-BOAT JOUBNAL. [AUGUST 1,1884. again proceed to the stranded steamer. Montrose. A strong gale from S. by E. The boat was accordingly launched at was blowing, with rain, end there was a 6.15, went to the vessel, and in three heavy sea on the bar. The No. 1 Life- trips took off 52 men, and safely landed boat Mincing Lane was promptly launched, them at Atherfield. and reached the vessel, which was the s.s. Loch Ness, of Dundee, bound from WEXFORD, IRELAND.—At midnight on Libau to Leith with a cargo of grain and the 4th January, during a very strong hemp. The heavy seas were breaking gale from S. by E., a light was observed right over her, and her crew of 18 men from a vessel which was apparently ashore were therefore taken into the Life-boat in South Bay. The crew of the No. 1 and safely landed. The steamer floated Life-boat Ethel Eveleen were at once sum- again after the greater part of her cargo moned, and the boat was launched, and had been jettisoned. proceeded over the bar. By this time Information was brought to the Life- the light had disappeared, but the Life- boat Station at 7.30 A.M. on the 18th boat continued cruising about until day- February that a schooner was ashore close break, when the crew observed the, schooner to the new entrance of the North Esk Jenny Lind, of and for Wexford, from Kiver, about 3\ miles N., in Montrose Bay. Newport, stranded on the south end of The Life-boatmen were at once summoned; the Dogger Bank. With much difficulty the No. 2 Life-boat, Roman Governor of they were successful in rescuing the crew, Goer Sun, was taken out on her transport- consisting of four men, the sea making ing carriage, and as horses had not then a complete breach over the wreck at the arrived, the crew and helpers hauled her time. The boat then returned to its along so as to avoid delay. The horses station in safety, after being absent for overtook them, however, when about half nearly ten hours. way, were harnessed to the carriage, and At midnight on the llth February it the boat arrived abreast of the vessel at was reported that a schooner, which proved about 8.45. She was then launched, to be the Egmont, of and for Cork from reached the stranded schooner, which was Cardiff with a cargo of coal, was riding found to be the Christine, of Svendborg, with only one anchor close to " Holden's bound from St. Petersbnrgh to Aberdeen, Bed." Her crew were said to be on board with a cargo of crushed bones, and her the schooner Rapid, of Wexford, having crew consisting of 5 men were rescued. abandoned their vessel in a sinking con- On Sunday evening, 9th March, at about dition. A strong gale from the S.W. by half-past six o'clock, the pilots on the S. was blowing at the time, accompanied look-out discovered a small steamer to by a heavy sea. The Civil Service No.^ 1 the S. of the harbour. A heavy gale from Life-boat went to her assistance in tow S.S.E. was blowing at the time, and the of the steam-tug Ruby, and found that sea was rapidly increasing. The Life-boat there was no one on board, and that the crews were promptly summoned, and the vessel had 6 feet of water in her hold. No. 1 Life-boat Mincing Lane put off to The Life-boatmen did their best to save the assistance of the vessel, which proved the schooner, and the tug returned to to be the May Flower, of and from Glas- Wexford, taking the crew of the vessel gow for Montrose, with coal. Shortly off the Rapid, and brought out another before the Life-boat reached her she was anchor. The Sapid was then re-moored, driven to the north of the Annat Bank, and the Life-boat remained in charge of where she struck. The boat pulled across her until 1 o'clock the following afternoon, the end of the bank, dropped down to the when it was thought prudent to leave her, steamer on her starboard side, and got as she was leaking very much, and the fast to her. The sea was so heavy, and weather was very bad. The Life-boat, the steamer rolled so much, that the crew therefore, pulled for shore, and was of the Life-boat had to make four attempts beached at Rosslare. before they could rescue the first man, but they bravely continued their efforts until MONTKOSE.—Information was received the crew of 4 men were taken into the at about 8.15 A.M. on the 5th January Life-boat. In effecting this rescue, the that a large steamer was ashore abreast boat was filled five times by the heavy of Kinnaber, about three miles north of seas, six of her oars were broken, and she AUGUST 1, 1884.] THE LIFE-BOAT JOUBNAL. 417 was lifted as high as the steamer's rail, of distress, and made for the place where and dashed against it, damaging her bow. the signals had been last seen, about four Attempts were now made to pull the boat miles E. of the Life-boat Station, but to sea, but she was so disabled that nothing could be seen of any wreck. She it was found impossible to do so, and then anchored for a time, until a vessel was she drove on an outlying bank on the descried to leeward, when the anchor was north side of the Annat Sands. The at once got up, and the Boat proceeded coxswain and one of the crew then had to her. On arriving at the spot it was lines secured to them, and made two found that she had sunk, and that the attempts to reach the shore; on the second crew of 7 men were clinging to the rig- occasion they were met by a man from ging. With great risk and) difficulty, a the shore with a locket-line, by means of very heavy sea running at the time, a line which they got the boat's hawser ashore, was passed to the poor fellows, and they and the boat with those on board were were taken into the Life-boat. About an hauled about halfway across the sands. hour before the Life-boat arrived, the The boat had to be left, however, as the master of the vessel was unfortunately tide had begun to make, and was rushing drowned, the deck-house, in which he in. The No. 2 Life-boat Roman Governor had taken shelter, having been washed of Caer Hun was launched at 7.15, when away. The vessel proved to be the brig it was observed that the other boat was Silksworth, of Sunderland, bound from in danger; but it having been ascertained Fecamp to Blyth in ballast. that the wrecked crew had been taken into the Mincing Lane, she went as near NEWBIGGIN, NORTHUMBERLAND.—On the as possible to the south side of the bank 23rd January the Newbiggin fishing-boats until that boat was seen to be pulled on went to the fishing-ground at 4 A.M. A the bank. Both crews were occupied severe gale from the S.E. sprung up in the until nearly midnight in getting the No. forenoon, and at 12.15 it became necessary 1 Life-boat into the river in a very heavy to launch the Life-boat William, Hopkinson surf, all hands being thoroughly drenched. of Brighouse, which assisted several of the The No. 2 Life-boat subsequently rendered endangered boats to return to the shore. assistance to the steamer which beat up In the absence at sea of the regular crew on the beach and was afterwards floated off. the boat was mostly manned by the old In addition to the customary rewards, men of the place, the former coxswain, the thanks of the Institution, inscribed PHILIP JEFFERSON, taking command. They on vellum and framed, were presented, were afloat about five hours, and were through the coxswains, to the crews of much exhausted, being drenched by the the Montrose Life-boats, for the good heavy seas breaking over them. services they have so frequently rendered The barque Leonar, of Hamburg, bound in saving life, especially on the occasion from that port to the Tyne with salt, went of those above-mentioned. {Vide p. 412.) ashore on the Spittal Point Rocks, south of Newbiggin, at about 1 A.M. on the 22nd LONGHOPE, ORKNEY.—During a terrific February, during thick weather and a gale from W. by S. at about 10 A.M. on rough sea. In reply to her signals of the 20th January, a steamer was observed distress the Newbiggin Life-boat went to apparently in distress. The Dickinson her assistance, got out a kedge anchor, Edleston Life-boat went to her assistance, and remained by the ship ten hours, until and found that she was the s.s. Ben Avon, the tide rose, when, with the help of two of Aberdeen, bound from Liverpool to steam-tugs, she was got afloat. Dundee in ballast. She had lost her pro- On the 3rd March fourteen of the New- peller, and had anchored in a dangerous biggin fishing-boats which had ventured position. The Life-boat returned ashore, out, being overtaken by a strong wind and and telegraphed to Thurso for a steam- a high sea, were in great danger. At tug, which proceeded to the vessel and 11 A.M. the Life-boat was launched and towed her to Longhope. rendered valuable assistance to the boats, all of which reached home in safety. WINCHELSEA, SUSSEX.—On the 23rd January at 3.45 A.M. the Frances Harris AHBROATH.—Shortly before 1 P.M. on Life-boat was launched in reply to signals the 23rd January the People's Journal

2 D 4 418 THE LIFE-BOAT JOURNAL. [AUGUST 1, 1884.

No. 2 Life-boat was launched, during a rated, the crew were taken off to their strong gale of wind from the S.S.E., ac- vessel by a shore-boat, and she was brought companied by hail and rain, with a high into Tenby harbour. sea on the bar, to the assistance of a number of fishing-boats which had been COUKTSIACSHERRY, Co. CORK.—The Life- overtaken by the storm, and were in boat City of Dublin put off at 3.30 P.M. on danger of being swamped. The Life-boat the 23rd January during a gale of wind was pulled outside the bar, and remained from the W., signals of distress having in attendance until the boats had reached been shown by the schooner Hebe, of Cork, the harbour in safety. bound from Newport to Bantry with a cargo of coal. On reaching the vessel it was TENBY, SOUTH "WALES. — The ketch found that she had parted one chain, and Sarah Jane, of Bridgwater, was observed was in great danger. The Life-boat ran to be flying a signal of distress in Caldy out two warps and anchors, which placed Roads during a whole gale from the W. the vessel in safety, and, the gale having at 2.30 P.M. on the 23rd January. The moderated, the boat returned to the shore Life-boat Carolina Morris's Divine Rescue at C o'clock, with the captain's son on went to her assistance, and after beating board. off for nearly three hours through a heavy sea found that she was dragging her MAUYPORT, CUMBERLAND.— During a anchors, and that her crew of 3 men furious gale from the N.W. and a heavy wished to be brought ashore; they were sea on the 23rd January, the Norwegian therefore taken into the Life-boat. As barque Alma, bound for Maryport with a the boat was leaving this vessel a signal cargo of pitch-pine, was at anchor in a of distress was shown by the smack Ellen, dangerous position, and made signals of of Newport, lying in the roadstead. The distress. At 9.30 P.M. the Life-boat Life-boat pulled to her, and found that Jlenry Nixson No. 1 put off to her assistance she also was dragging her anchors. Her in tow of a steam-tug, and found that the crew of two men were, at their request, crew had cut away the topmasts, and were taken on board the Life-boat, and all were anxious to be brought ashore. They were landed at Tenby at 6 o'clock. accordingly taken into the Life-boat with On the 26th January the coxswain of some difficulty, caused by some of the the Life-boat observed a smack showing masts and spars being over the side of signals of distress during a storm from the vessel, and landed at Maryport. At the S.W. The Life-boat was immediately daylight the weather had moderated, and launched, and on reaching the vessel found the Life-boat and steam-tug took the men her to be the Margaret Alice Dale, bound back to the vessel, which had, fortunately, for Milford with coal. She was dragging held to her anchors. her anchors, and the sea was making a complete breach over her; and had the HOLYHEAD.—At G.30 A.M., on the 24th wind continued, she would probably have January, the Thomas Fielden Life-boat been driven ashore. Her crew of two proceeded in tow of the steam-tug Royal men were taken into the Life-boat, and Saxon to the assistance of the steamer landed at Tenby at 4 o'clock. Carleon, of Cardiff, which had dragged During a whole gale of wind from the her anchor and stranded in Holyhead S.W. on the 10th February the Life-boat Bay during a very heavy gale from the was launched at 5 P.M., and proceeded to N.W. The tug having towed the boat the schooner Richard Cobden, of Swansea, within half a mile of the steamer, the bound from Briton Ferry to Freeport, U.S., hawser was slipped, and she ran down with coal, which was flying a signal of alongside the stranded vessel and took on distress in Caldy Roads. She had parted board the crew of 17 persons, 3 passengers one anchor and was dragging the other, and 3 dogs. She then pulled to wind- and at the master's request five of the ward, was taken in tow of the tug again, Life-boat's crew went on board and put out and all hands were landed in the Old kedge anchors, and after this was accom- Harbour at 10.15 A.M. The boat, with plished the Lifeboat brought ashore the 36 persons on board, is said to have vessel's crew, consisting of 5 men. On behaved very well in the heavy sea she the following morning the weather mode- had to encounter. AUGUST 1, 1884.] TEE LIFE-BOAT JOURNAL. 419 Signals of distress were seen in the bay on the following morning, and at about at 3 A.M. on the 20th February. The Life- 7 o'clock boarded the vessel, which was boat was launched, and proceeded to the the barge Jessie, of Eochester, with a cargo barqne Eboe, of Liverpool, bound from of stone. She had lost all her sails and that port for Africa with a general cargo; steering-gear, and had been abandoned by she had 6 feet of water in her hold, and her crew. The Life-boatmen rigged up only the mate was on board. Signals temporary steering-gear, and then towed were made foT a steamer, and the vessel the vessel into Harwich Harbour, arriving was taken to a place of safety. The wind there at about 1 P.M. Whilst alongside was blowing a heavy gale from the S.S.W., the barge two of the Life-boatmen were and the sea was rough. washed overboard, but clung to the sail and were pulled on board again. WATCHET, SOMERSE TSHIRE.—Lights were observed to the northward of the harbour, DEAL.—Signals were observed at about during a strong wind and a heavy sea, 9 P.M. on the 26th January in the direc- early on the morning of the 24th January. tion of the Brake Sand, and the Gull The W. It. G. Kingston Life-boat was Lightship also sent up rockets. A strong launched at 7.30, proceeded under sail W.S.W. gale was blowing, accompanied by to the ship Allegiance, coal-laden from a heavy sea. The crew of the Mary Cardiff, and found that she required Somervilla Life-boat were at once snm- tugs, as she had lost her sails, and was moiied, the boat was launched, proceeded rolling heavily. The master of the vessel to the Brake Sand, and found the brigantine sent a message ashore by the Life-boat, Edina, of Liverpool, bound from London and, the gale having moderated, the ship to Pernambuco with a general cargo, rode in safety until the arrival of a tug lying near the sand. She had been in from Cardiff, which took her away during collision with a large ship, and had lost the following night. some of her crew, six of them having jumped on to the other vessel at the time POKTMADOC, CARNARVONSHIRE. — At "of the collision, one of whom was killed 8 A.M. on the 24th January, a vessel between the two vessels, while others having been observed on the S. side of were missing. Some of the Life-boatmen the bar during a strong W.N.W. wind, went on board the vessel, worked all the John, Ashbury Life-boat put off, and night at her anchors, which had fouled, with some difficulty got alongside the and took her into Bamsgate Harbour on vessel, which proved to be the barque the following morning. Jlaab, of Moss, Norway, bound from Liver- pool to Valparaiso with a cargo of coal. BHOADSTAIHS.— The Life-boat Samuel She had been thoroughly disabled by the Morrison Collins was launched at 10 P.M. gale, and had stranded about two miles S. on the 26th January to the assistance of of the Black Buoy. The master and 5 the brig Guide, which had been in col- of the crew got into the Life-boat, and lision in the Downs, and had lost both were put ashore. The remainder of the her anchors. The wind was blowing a crew, however, refused to leave the vessel, strong gale at the time, and there was a which subsequently drove in-shore, so heavy sea. A lugger was hired to supply that on the weather moderating they were the vessel with anchors and chains, and able to land in a pilot-boat. with the aid of a tug she was taken to Eamsgate Harbour. HARWICH.—At 5.30 P.M. on the 24th January, the Springivell Life-boat was EAMSGATE.—The Bradford Life-boat, launched in reply to signals from the and the harbour steam-tug Vulcan, went Gunfleet Lightship. She sailed to her out at 10 P.M. on the 26th January in through a rough sea, and was informed response to signals of distress, during a that there was a vessel on the " Heaps," strong S.W. gale, passed through the Cudd a part of the Gunfleet Sand, bearing S.W. Channel and spoke the sloop Venus, of by W. The Life-boat proceeded in that Guernsey, bound from London to Guernsey direction, but had to bring up on the with cement, with a crew of 3 men on sand, as there was a head wind and a board; she had lost her anchors and contrary tide. She laid to until 3 o'clock chains, and asked for assistance ; three of 420 THE LIFE-BOAT JOUKNAL. [AUGUST 1, 1884.

the Life-boatmen accordingly boarded her, had a crew of 14 men and 2 women on and sailed her into Bamsgate Harbour. board. The Life-boat and tug then proceeded to the barque Herrington, of Wbitby, EA. — The Albert Edward which was burning blue lights, and as Life-boat was launched at 2 A.M. on the she also required help, five Life-boatmen 27th January, during a heavy S.S.W. gale, were put on board, and she was taken in signals of distress having been shown by tow by the steamer. In going through a vessel, which had stranded about a mile the Cndd Channel the barque .took the and a half to leeward of the Gunfleet ground and remained fast, but she subse- Sand. She was found to be the s.s. Haw- quently floated again, and was taken into thorn, of, and for, London, bound from I the harbour at 10.30 on the following the North with coal. At the master's morning. She was on a voyage from request three of the Life-boatmen were Shields to St. Ubes with a cargo of coal, left on board the steamer to help to throw and carried a crew of 8 men. some of the cargo overboard, and the boat returned ashore and telegraphed to Har- EAMSGATE AND BKOADSTAIES. — At wich for a steam-tug. On the Life-boat 2.30 A.M. on the llth April, during a again arriving at the vessel, it was found strong N.Jf.E. wind and a heavy sea, the that she had backed off the sand ; the three { Goodwin and Gull Lightships fired signals. Life-boat men were therefore taken into The Eamsgate Life-boat Bradford, and the the boat, and she returned to her station. harbour steam-tug Aid, as well as the Life- Shortly before 1 P.M. on the 17th April boat Samuel Morrison Collins stationed at a brig was observed on the Swin Middle Broadstairs, put off and found the s.s. Sand. No distress signal could be seen, Skandinavian, of Gothenburg, ashore on the but the dangerous position of the vessel North Sand Head, Goodwin Sands. The was considered sufficient to warrant the services of both boat's crews were engaged launching of the Life-boat. The Albert to try to get the vessel a"float. Some of Edward therefore put off, and proceeded the cargo was thrown overboard, an anchor under double-reef canvas, through a heavy and chain were got ready to carry but, E. gale, to the vessel, which proved to be' and at 10.30 the steam-tug passed her the Thorley, of Hartlepool, coal laden. tow-rope to the vessel's quarter, and began Her hull was under water, and she was to tow her. She continued towing until fast breaking up, and evidence of the 12.15, when the tug Anglia of London hurried departure of the crew, for she had arrived, aad having been also engaged to been abandoned, led the Life-boatmen to assist, she attached her hawser, and both suppose that they had left in their own tugs towed until 1.45, and succeeded in boat, and had been picked up by a passing altering the position of the vessel; then vessel. The Life-boat then proceeded finding no further use in towing any towards the Middle Light, but seeing longer as the tide was falling, the hawsers no signal she returned to her station. were slipped, the Vulcan backed towards At about midnight the Coastguard re- the vessel, took an anchor on board, and ported that rockets were being fired by towed it out in an easterly direction. the Maplin Light, and afterwards signals During low water more of the cargo was from the Swin Middle were seen. The thrown overboard, and at 11.30 P.M. both Life-boat again proceeded out under tugs again took hold of the vessel and double-reef sails, with a heavy E. wind towed her, while those on board hove on and a high sea, to the Lightship, and the anchor. At 12.30 she came afloat, found that the crew of the Thorley, con- and was then towed to Gravesend and sisting of 8 men, had taken refuge there, moored at the buoys at 12.45 P.M. During and were anxious to be brought ashore. the time she was ashore she struck very With much difficulty they were got into heavily, damaging the after part of her the Life-boat and brought safely to Clacton, hull to such an extent, that the after- arriving there at about 10.15. The brig, compartment was full of water, and the which was 104 years old, quickly became rudder so much damaged that she could a total wreck. not steer. The ship was bound from Gothenburg to Bordeaux with a cargo PENARTH. — A bright flare light was of iron, deals, and paper pulp, and seen in the roadstead at 1 A.M. on the AUGUST 1,1884.] THE LIFE-BOAT JOUBNAL. 421

27th Jannary, during squally weather, men made for the Life-boat^ and were the wind blowing from W. and N.W. taken on board. The boat at once made The Joseph Denman Life-boat proceeded for the shore, her arrival being anxiously in the direction of the light, and fell in waited for by thousands of people who with the brigantine Juan de la Vega, of thronged the promenade and pier, and Corunna, bound from Sado to Cardiff with who greeted the crew with cheer after a cargo of pitwood. She was in tow of a cheer. The stranded vessel proved to be steam-tug, and in charge of some Cardiff the Norwegian barque Sjornstjerna Bjdr- hobblers. The coxswain and two of the nson, bound from South Carolina for crew of the Life-boat went on board, and Liverpool with a cargo of cotton and the boat remained alongside until 8.30 A.M., phosphor guano, having on board a crew when she returned ashore, the vessel of 10 men and a pilot. having anchored in the Upper Pool to At about 11 o'clock on the following await docking. morning the Life-boat again put off to the assistance of the barque Nereus, of Liver- SOTJTHPORT, LAKCASHIKE.—Shortly be- pool, bound from Barrow-in-Furness to fore 12 o'clock on the night of the 26th Queensland with a cargo of steel rails. January, during a heavy gale from the Her cargo had shifted during severe gales, W.N.W., rockets were fired, and a bright and while trying to receive a tug's hawser light was shown by a vessel in distress. she came into collision with her, both With the utmost speed the crew of the vessels being damaged. She then endea- Eliza Ferriley Life-boat were summoned, voured to make for Barrow, but, finding horses were obtained, and efforts made to that impossible, she made her way for launch the boat, but owing to the dark- Liverpool. When close to the Bar Light- ness and the violence of the wind, which ship she was taken in tow by a steamer, drove the sea to a fearful height and and afterwards took a pilot on board. dashed the spray in all directions, this Just over the bar the wind suddenly was a work of considerable difficulty. shifted, and blew so strong that the The six horses harnessed to the carriage steamer could not tow the vessel against were unable to get it into the angry sea, the tide and wind; the pilot then ordered and refused to go sufficiently deep to the vessel out to sea, but she became permit of a launch; the crew also lent unmanageable, and, after drifting about their aid, but all to no purpose. The for a long time, she fired rockets. The men, besides being wet to the skin and Life-boat with much difficulty, being re- shivering with cold, had to stand the fury peatedly driven back from the vessel just of two or three terrific storms of hail. as she was nearing her, eventually suc- In response to the lights sent up by the ceeded in resetting her crew of 24 men vessel, the coxswain of the Life-boat fired and a pilot, and brought them safely four rockets. Additional horses having ashore. been obtained, the Life-boat was eventually got afloat, and proceeded on her mission GIHVAN, AYRSHIRE.—A bright light was of mercy. Notwithstanding the fatigue seen from Ailsa Craig on the evening of of the early part of the night, the Life- the 28th Jannary, and as it was under- boatmen worked with a will, forgetting stood to be a signal for help, the Sir Home all their difficulties in the one desire to Popham Life-boat was launched, and after rescue those in distress. The wind was a hard struggle of seven hours against an by this time terrific in its fury, and some adverse wind and heavy sea, reached the of the gusts were of such fearful violence Craig. It was found that no vessel was that they almost overturned the boat. in distress, but that one of the only two She behaved splendidly, and after the men resident on the island had, by the crew had worked until they were almost violence of a storm, been blown over the exhausted, the anchor was cast. At about Craig, and had been severely injured. The a quarter past 12 the boat again headed Life-boat crew took the poor man into for the ship, which was high and dry on their Boat and landed him at Girvan, the Horse Bank, and as the sea had gone where medical attendance was promptly down considerably with the abatement of obtained for him. the wind, the endeavours to pull to the bank were successful; the shipwrecked CAISTER, NORFOLK.—At noon on the 422 THE LIFE-BOAT JOURNAL. [AUGUST 1,1884.

30th Jannary the No. 1 Life-boat Covent ruary, during a fresh gale from the S.E. Garden put off to the assistance of the and a rough sea, the Coastguard watchman schooner Sarnian Gem, of Guernsey, bound reported that a vessel was burning signals from Guernsey to London with stone, she of distress in the roadstead. The cox- having apparently lost all her sails. The swain of the Life-boat immediately assem- Life-boat boarded her in the Wold, and bled his crew, who launched the No. 1 found that she had lost both her anchors Life-boat Sir Edward Perrott, and found in the Downs and had her sails split. The that the signals were shown by the smack services of the Life-boatmen were offered Rapid, of and for Cardigan, from Milford, and accepted, and a steam-tug having with a cargo of culm. She had entered been procured, the vessel was towed to a the roadstead under close reef canvas, and place of safety. anchored about half a mile to windward Large flares were seen in the direction of the smack Topaz. Both her anchors of the Cross .Sand at 5.30 A.M. during a were let go, and all possible chain was fresh breeze from the S.W. on the 1st given, but she drove right across the bows February, and the Cockle Lightship fired of the Topaz, and coming in contact with guns and rockets. The No. 1 Life-boat that vessel's chain, the Sapid started her was promptly launched, sailed to the sand, rudder case, and began to leak badly. and found the schooner Mizpah, of Dover, After getting clear, it was found impos- ashore there. The Life-boat remained by sible to keep her afloat. Her crew of 3 the vessel until she floated, when her men were therefore taken into the Life- assistance not being required she returned boat and safely landed, the vessel soon to her station. after going down.

FlSHGTTABD, PEMBBOKESHIEB.' In re- CARDIGAN.—:During a gale from the sponse to a signal of distress hoisted by S.W. on the 9th February the schooner the smack Three Sisters, of Cardigan, bound Alexander, of Beaumaris, bound from Port from Aberporth to Swansea in ballast, the Dinorwic for Carmarthen with a cargo of No. 2 Life-boat Helen of Foxley proceeded slates, ran for Cardigan Bay, and brought to her assistance at 11.30 A.M. on the 2nd up off the Black Eocks outside the Bar. February. A fresh gale from the N.E. She was watched during the night, and was blowing, accompanied by a heavy sea, on the following morning the wind sud- and as the smack's crew, consisting of 3 denly shifted to the N.W. during a very men, were afraid that the vessel would heavy snow-storm, the sea running ex- go down at her anchors, they were taken ceedingly [high. The vessel was riding into the Life-boat and brought ashore. by two anchors, with all cable out, and The barque Maxima, of Swansea, bound the master, fearing that she would either from Cardiff to Valparaiso with a cargo go down or part her cables, hoisted signals of coal, showed a signal of distress at 7.45 of distress, in reply to which the Lizzie P.M. on the 21st February during a gale and Charles Leigh Clare Life-boat put off from the S.W. and a rough sea. The at about 11.30 and brought ashore the No. 2 Life-boat went to her assistance, and crew of 4 men. There were a large num- found she was on her beam ends, her ber of people on the cliffs watching the cargo having shifted. It transpired that performance of this service who were loud on the previous night, when about thirty in their praises of the behaviour of both miles W. of the Smalls, she encountered Boat and crew. the full force of the hurricane then blow- ing; her decks were completely swept GBOOMSPOBT, Co. DOWN.—At 1.30 P.M. fore and aft; her compasses, boats, &c., on the 12th February in reply to signals were carried away, and her sails were the Life-boat Florence proceeded to the much torn. The second mate unfortu- aid of the steamer Emily, of Snnderland, nately fell from the topsail-yard and was which had stranded on the Bridge's Eeef lost, and several of the crew were injured during a moderate W.S.W. wind. 5 of and incapacitated. At the request of the the crew were taken into the Life-boat, master, three of the Life-boatmen were which then returned ashor 3, the remainder put on board the vessel to assist the dis- of the crew refusing to leave the vessel, abled crew. and some Coastguardsmen also remaining Soon after midnight on the 28th Feb- on board her. 4 of her crew had pre- AUGUST 1,1884.] THE LIFE-BOAT JOURNAL. 423 viously been landed by a pilot boat. It in the bay. The storm increased in fury, blew a Yery heavy gale from S.S.W. and the schooner Elizabeth Anne, of Car- all day with rain and wild squalls, the narvon, and another schooner hailing from sea being very wild and broken, and at Runcorn, both, laden •witb. salt, came in 7 P.M. a flash light was shown from the collision, and were in great danger of ship, and the Life-boat again proceeded sinking each other. The Lady Vivian to her, and brought ashore the captain, Life-boat put off at 5 P.M. through a very mate, and two men. high sea, and succeeded in saving the two schooners and one man who was on board MOELFBE, ANGLESEY.—On the 12th the Elizabeth Anne. Such was the force February a very heavy gale from the S. of the wind and sea that it was quite an by W. was experienced, and a large fleet hour before the Life-boat could reach the en- of steamers and sailing craft took refuge tangled vessels in order to render assistance.

THE LIFE-BOATS OF THE UNITED KINGDOM, prevailing winds are from the south and LIV. BDLL BAY (Anglesey) The Curling, west it forms a placid sheet of water, 34 feet by 7£ feet, 10 oars. where boating and fishing and pleasant "READEB, have you ever been at Ply- diversions are safe, and where sea-going mouth?" asks the versatile Captain Fred- craft of all kinds, including Liverpool erick Marryatt in opening one of the pilot boats and tug boats, anchor in happiest productions of his fertile pen, perfect safety. The neighbouring cliffs and thus introduces his reader to a and hills afford fine exercise for the description of scenery in land and water, pedestrian, while the bracing air refreshes unsurpassed in beauty by any bit of and invigorates him for a daily change of coast on the fair shores of the south of direction and scenery. The geologist England. Reader, we venture to ask, have here finds an extensive field for study in you ever been at Bull Bay, on the coast the gnarled rocks which are now an of Anglesey ? enigma to the most distinguished votaries If yon have you will not fail to go of his science; the mineralogist will find there again; if you have not and want much to interest him in the neighbouring to enjoy quiet rest in a charming sea-side mines ; the botanist cannot fail to discover retreat, pack up your kit and go there. specimens both interesting and rare, and Bull Bay as yet is not disfigured by a those who care to examine marine flora promenade, no brass 'band disturbs its and fauna will be provided with abundant calm repose, no touting carriage drivers occupation in the many rare and curious worry " the visitor with their offers to specimens which occur along the coast take him to see disappointing sights, and and on the sea-bottom. The little hamlet no bathing machines mar the primitive is inhabited by an honest, hardy and simplicity of its quaint rock-enclosed industrious race of fishermen, whose beaches. It possesses instead a bold families have dwelt in it for centuries, in coast line, composed of grey rocks of the fact no one can tell how long, and whose Cambrian age, which vary in tint with simple manners and broken English tend every change in the weather or the to complete the primeval character of the conditions of light; a sea whose blue spot. That element, however, which Dr. transparency may with truth be said to Johnson insisted on as essential to the rival that of the favoured Mediterranean; true beauty of a scene, forms a prominent hills, which although treeless, possess feature in the landscape. There is a much beauty; and a climate which may good hotel, which has for a flag-staff the well be envied by the healthiest of main yard of the " Boyal Charter," and a British watering-places. The bay is a small inn, both of which furnish com- " deep sea with music in its roar," when fortable accommodation; while several northerly winds rouse it into movement, cottages and farmhouses receive visitors but during the summer months when the during the sea-side season. So much for 424 THE LIFE-BOAT JOUENAL. [AUGUST 1, 1884. the little bay as a pleasant resort for " Where were ye, Nymphs, when the remorseless holiday seekers. We have to regard it deep Closed o'er the head of your lov'd Lycidas? from quite another aspect. That sea so For neither were ye playing on the steep calm and tranquil in summer, is often by Where your old bards the famous Druids lie, the combined action of strong currents Nor on the shaggy top of Mona high, and northerly winds lashed into waves of Nor yet where Deva spreads her wizard stream!" such size and violence as to render the but judging from corroborated tradition, navigation of the coast extremely perilous. we are inclined to believe that_Lycidas was The huge Atlantic steamers, which during drowned at a place known as Porth-y- fine weather closely shave the shore, then Paeket, on the south coast of Bull Bay, cautiously give the rocks a wide berth; one of the most rugged parts of a denti- and the audacious little Liverpool pilot form sea barrier. In those days most of boat, possibly among the finest and best the traffic by sea to Ireland was carried manned craft on the seas, keeps clear of on from Chester, then a more important the rocks and numerous islets, and port than Liverpool, and as the tradi- watches under storm sails the shifting tional narrative alluded to relates that a wind, while keenly scanning the horizon packet, taking a large number of pas- for a homeward bound liner. sengers, including some soldiers and On such a coast, as may be imagined, several men of distinction, from Chester the wrecks have from time to time been to Dublin, was lost at this point of the frequent. coast about the time of the drowning of Local traditions tell many a tale of Milton's friend we think the event the wrecks and losses of life, and a complete poet deplores must have happened here. history would probably form a narrative To the east, off Puffin Island, on the of disasters and efforts to save imperilled 17th of August, 1831, occurred the loss lives as interesting and thrilling as any of the "Bothsay Castle," an event co;> of those books recounting adventures, memorated in a Welsh ode, which secured shipwrecks, and dangers at sea which for the author at Beaumaris Eisteddfod have ever possessed such a charm for the the honour of receiving a medal from the boys of England. late Duchess of Kent, and our preseat There is hardly a headland or a creek Eoyal Patroness Her Most Gracious which has not been the scene of wreck Majesty, then Princess Victoria. To those and loss of life, hardly a sunken rock who know the Welsh language the fol- which has not been fatal to some noble lowing extract will prove an analogue of vessel, and not a hill which has not portions of Byron's shipwreck: witnessed the foundering of a fine ship and the loss of her crew. " Colchai'r tennau'r Rothsay'n ddrylliau A'u hergydiau trwm rhwygiadol ; The primitive churchyards of the coast Cipio degau gyda'r daman, furnish many a distressing story of the Wnae y tonau annghytunol." early end of poor fellows, who during dark nights and terrific storms have been Years afterwards came the burning of hurled, drowned and battered upon the the "Ocean Monarch" close upon the rugged shore. One tombstone tells how same scene, and although " she sprang no a mother bewails the loss of her only son, fatal leak, she ran upon no rock," yet the a sailor-boy; another in a little church- sad and terrible occurrence is still spoken yard, perched some hundreds of feet above of as a dire event in the traditional wreck- the sea on a vertical cliff, recounts the lore of the coast. The wreck chart of the loss of a crew of nineteen men; and a coast has always been heavily marked monolith in another records the death by with black, but it remained for the drowning of upwards of four hundred deplorable end of the " Eoyal Charter," souls on one wild October morning. to attract special attention to the danger- Many are the sad tales these simple ous nature of this part of the shores of records tell. our islands. Since that memorable ship- We have not the means of ascertain- wreck, in which upwards of four hundred ing the precise spot where that event lives were lost, the NATIONAL LIFE-BOAT occurred which inspired Milton with INSTITUTION has supplied no less than the lines: six new boats in the vicinity of the spot, AUGUST 1, 1884.] THE LIFE-BOAT JOUBNAL. 425

and in pursuance of a constant desire to 1. Guernsey, Hayling Island, Bembridge secure for its fleet of boats the highest Brighstone Grange, and Brooke. 2. Porthcawl, Penarth, Rhyl (two Boats), efficiency and the latest improvements of Llandudno, Penmon, Holyhead, Llanddwyn, structure, Bull Bay has now been fur- Cemlyn, and Ehosneigir. nished with a new Life-boat, generously H. Douglas (two Boats), Castletown, Ramsey, presented to the Institution by Miss Arklow, Courtown, Cahore,Wexford (two Boats), Carnsore, and Duncaunon. CURLING of Denmark Hill, the Committee 4. Huna, Eyemouth, Holy Island (two Boats), being fully convinced that the crew, which Newbiggin, Cullercoats, and Blyth (two Boats). have never yet failed in their duty, will use 5. Mablethorpe, Sutton, Donna Nook, Skeg- to their fall extent the'powers of the boat ness, Chapel, Yarmouth, Gorleston, Caister now confided to their care. (two Boats), Wintertou (two Boats), and Lowes- toft. Header, if we have succeeded in securing Reported the receipt of 1000Z. from H. M. your attention, let us advise you to go to HARVEY, Esq., of Launcestou, to defray the Bull Bay, see the new boat, go out boat- cost of a Life-boat Station. ing on the smooth expanse and swim in Resolved that the best thanks of the Com- mittee be conveyed to Mr. HARVEY for his its crystal water. You will see the finest munificent gift, that it be appropriated to the ships in the world passing to and from Penzance Life-boat Station, and that the new Liverpool, and the boat-house of the Life- Boat be named the " Dora," in accordance with boat Institution erected on a site pre- his wish. sented by the Marquis of Anglesey. [The other special contributions and legacies Above all, if you have a spare coin fail received by the Institution, during the month of December, are given in the Annual Report, not to deposit it in the box inserted in published on the 1st May last.] the door. Time was when Reported that the following legacy had been " Schwimme wer sohwimmcn kann, bequeathed to the Institution:— AVer zu plump ist geh' unter " £ The late Miss M. A. Thome, of Exeter was the prevailing misanthropic notion, (duty free) 100 but now we have all happily discarded Resolved, that a new Life-boat be sent to that selfish maxim. North Sunderland, Northumberland, in lieu of Humanity demands mutual aid, and the present Boat on that Station, and that its cost be defrayed from the legacy left to the In- your mite may help to save a drowning stitution by the late Miss ISABELLA BEWICK, of sailor. Gateshead, for a Life-boat to be named the We cannot close our yarn, however, " Thomas Bewick," and stationed on the coast without telling you how many good services of Northumberland. The Committee expressed their deep regret at have been rendered the Life-boat cause the lamented decease of W. H. ECKEBSLEY, Esq., by the inhabitants of Bull Bay, and more who had for many years been the valued especially by Mr. T. FANNING EVANS of Honorary Secretary of the Maryport Branch of Mona Lodge, who for the past eleven the Institution, and directed that the expression of their sympathy be conveyed to his widow in years has energetically and ably managed her great affliction. the affairs of the station, and who has Paid 50571. for sundry charges on various deservedly earned for himself in the Life-boat Establishments. vicinity a popularity which any one Voted 194Z. 13s. 6d, to pay the expenses of might envy. the Life-boats at Holyhead, Rhyl No. 2, Scarborough, Kingstown, Skegness, Grimsby, Fraserburgh, Lytham, and Brooke, in rendering the following services :— Lives SUMMABY OF THE saved. Schooner Dorothy and Mary, of Carnarvon 4 MEETINGS OP THE COMMITTEE. Schooner Lady Stuart, of (Jhester ... 2 Schooner London, of Hastings .... 5 THURSDAY, 3rd January, 1881. Two Kingstown Fishing-boats .... G S.S. Victoria, of Gocle 4 Colonel FiTzEoY CLAYTON, iu the Chair. Schooner Margaret, of Carnarvon ... 4 Schooner Baroness Strathspey, of Portsoy . 2 Read and approved the Minutes of the pre- Barque Mermaid, of Cardiff 23 vious meeting, and those of the Finance and Steamer Castle Craig, of Liverpool. . .31 Correspondence, and Wreck and Eeward Sub- committees. The Newhaven, Eamsgate, Caister No. 1, Bead the Keports of the five District Inspec- Lowestoft, Portrush, and Arklow Life-boats tors of Life-boats on their visits to the follow- had also rendered the following services :— ing Stations:— Barque New Brunswick, of Brevig, assisted 426 THE LIFE-BOAT JOUKNAL. [AUGUST 1,1884. to save vessel and cargo: s.s. Boadicea, of Shields, brought ashore crew of 24 men from the THURSDAY, 7th February. Tongue Light-ship; barque Zelos, of Grimstad, His Grace the DUKE OF NORTHUMBERLAND, P.O., assisted to save vessel and crew, 10; brig Clara, in the Chair. of Dublin, assisted to save vessel and 7 ; schooner Sioift, of Eye, rendered assistance; Bead and approved the Minutes of the pre- trawler Magic, of Hull, assisted to save vessel vious Meeting, and those of the Finance and and 5; s.s. Sltelligs, of Glasgow, helped to save Correspondence, and Wreck and Reward Sub- vessel and 16; and Italian barque Marina Committees. Benvenuto, rendered assistance. Read the Report of the Chief Inspector of Life-boats on his recent visits to West Hartle- [Full particulars of these Life-boat services pool, Tynemouth, Cullercoats, Anstruther, Crail, are given in the last Annual Report.] St. Andrew's, Auchencairn, and Clacton. Voted 419Z. Is. 2d. to pay the expenses of Also the Reports of the five District In- the Llanaelhaiarn, Caister No. 1, Kingsdowne, spectors of Life-boats on their visits to the Margate, Donna Nook, Kirkcudbright, Moray following Stations:— Firth, Poolbeg, Maryport, Southport, St. Anne's, 1. Selsey. Blackpool, Ramsey, Brighstone Grange, Salt- 2. Rhoscolyn, Cemaes, Bull Bay, Moelfre, burn, Palling No. 2, Lancaster, Grimsby, Llanddulas, Weston-Super-Mare, Burnham, and Girvan, Wexford No. 1, Courtown, Penmon, Watchet. Carnsore, Poole, and Porthdinllaen Life-boats, 3. Tramore, Dungarvan,Ardmore, Ballycotton, in assembling their crews, or putting off in reply Q.ueenstown, Courtmacsherry, Valentia, Tralee, to signals of distress shown by vessels which Newcastle, Tyrella, and Youghal. did not ultimately require the services of the 4. Tynemouth (two Boats), Cullercoats, An- Boats. struther, St. Andrew's, Kircudbright, Ayr, and Voted 20Z. to the crew of the Salvage Life- Whithorn. boat Refuge, of Gorleston, for saving the 5. Hunstanton, Brancaster, Wells, Blakeney, crew, consisting of two men, of the sloop Sheringham, Cromer, Mundesley, Hasborough, Freedom, of Boston, which was wrecked on the Palling (two Boats), Gorleston, and Pakefield Cross Sand during a strong wind from the (two Boats). N.N.W. and a high sea, on the 12th December. Reported the receipt of 6501. from the Editor Also 51. to the master and crew of the steam- of The Quiver, being the amount contributed by tug Ayr, of Ayr, for saving the crew of two men the readers of that Magazine to defray the cost of the sloop Princess Boyal, of Ayr, during a of the new " Quiver No. 1" Life-boat, recently strong gale and a very high sea, on .the 12th sent to Margate. To be thanked. December. [The other special contributions and legacies Also 31. 15s. to three Coastguardmen and two received by the Institution, during the month of fishermen for putting off in the Coastguard February, are given in the Annual Report, Life-boat, at Mulroy, Co. Mayo, and saving the published on the 1st May last.] crew of five men of the schooner Mediterranean, of Aberystwyth, which had stranded in Down- Reported that the late Miss ANNE TORB, of ing's Bay, during a strong gale of wind from Great Grimsby, had bequeathed a legacy of the N.W. and a very heavy sea, on the 5th 19Z. 19s. to the Institution. November. Voted the thanks of the Committee to the Also SI. 12s. to the Coxswain and Second Rev. J. SLATER, the Rev. E. G. HARVEY, G. H. Coxswain of the Girvan Life-boat and ten PRICE, Esq., and J. L. FLETCHER, Esq., in other men, for saving by means of lines the recognition of their past valuable co-operation crew of nineteen men of the barque East, of as Honorary Secretaries respectively of tbe Liverpool, which was wrecked at Ardwell Point, Hasborough, Mullion, Weymouth, and Lland- during a violent gale from the N.W., on the dulas Branches of the Institution. 12th December. Also to Capt. PAINTER, of the s.s. Aquila, of Also 31. to four men for taking a boat a Weymouth, for his kind services in collecting distance of eight miles along the coast, and contributions on board that vessel in aid of the then launching it through a heavy sea, and Weymouth Branch of the Institution. saving the crew of three men of the schooner Resolved that new Life-boat Stations be Mary and Jane, of Dumfries, which had been formed at Crail, Fifeshire, and Balcarry Point, blown out of Balcary Bay, Scotland, and Auchencairn Bay (Kirkcudbright). wrecked on the 12th December. Also that these stations be respectively ap- propriated to the legacies left to the Institution Also 21. to eight men for rescuing four men by the late Miss CATHERINE PATERSON, of Edin- from a fishing boat, which was capsized near burgh, and Mr. DAVID HAY, of Edinburgh, for Molranny, Co. Mayo, during moderate weather Life-boats for the Scotch coast. on (he 9th October. Also 22. to four men for putting off in a boal Paid 18601. for sundry charges on various and saving the crew of four men of the schooner Life-boat establishments. Percy, of Newcastle, which was totally wrecked Voted 3391. 9s. 6d. to pay the expenses of the off Huna, Caithness-shire, during a gale from Brighstone Grange, Wexford No. 1, Montrose the N.W., on the 10th August. No. 1, Longhope, Courtmacsherry, Winchelsea, Newbiggin, Tenby, Maryport, Portmadoc, Holyhead, Penarth, Southport, Girvan, and AUGUST 1,1884.] THE LIFE-BOAT JOUKNAL. 427

Fishguard No. 2 Life-boats iu rendering the awarded to two men who were prostrated for a following services:— time through this unfortunate accident. Lives Voted also 251. to H. PAYNTER, one of the saved. Steamer Duke of Westminster, of London . 73 crew of the St. Ives Life-boat, whose leg was Schooner Jenny Lind, of Wexford ... 4 broken on the occasion of the exercise of the S.S. Loch Ness, of Dundee . '. . . .18 boat on the 27th February, thus preventing him S.8. Sen Awn, of Aberdeen, rendered for a long time from following his usual occu- assistance. pation. Schooner Hebe, of Cork, rendered assist- Also 21. to four men for putting off in a boat ance. and towing to Pwllheli, North Wales, two boats Brig Silksworth, of Sunderland .... 7 containing 13 persons belonging to the ship Newbiggin fishing-boats, rendered assist- Eulomene, of Liverpool, which had been wrecked ance. on St. Patrick's Causeway on the 30th January. Ketch Sarah Jane, of Bridgwater ... 3 Also 15s. to some fishermen for bringing Smack Ellen, of Newport 2 ashore from the Longstone Lighthouse the Smack Margaret Alice Dale 2 crew of the wrecked steamer Monarch, of Sun- Norwegian barque Alma 12 derland, on the 29th December. Barque Haab, of. Moss ...... 6 Also 10s. to a man who put off in a boat and Steamer Carleon, of Cardiff 20 rendered assistance to the crew of the schooner Brigantine Juan de la Vega, of Corunna, Erin's Pride, of Dundrum, which stranded near remained by vessel. Dundrum Bar during a moderate S.E. gale, and Norwegian barque Bjornstjema Sjornson . 11 a heavy sea on the 24th September. Barque Nereus, of Liverpool 25 Girvan Lite-boat brought ashore a man who had been injured during a storm on Thursday, 6th March. Ailsa Craig. EDWABD BIRKBECK, Esq., M.P., V.P., in the Smack Three Sisters, of Cardigan ... 3 Chair. The Arbroath, Harwich, Ramsgate, Deal, Read and approved the Minutes of the pre- Broadstairs, Clacton, and Caister No. 1 Life- vious Meeting, and those of the Finance and boats had also rendered the following services : Correspondence, and Wreck and Reward Sub- —Arbroath fishing boats, remained in attend- Committees. ance ; barge Jessie, of Rochester, saved vessel ; Reported that Her Royal Highness the sloop Venus, of Guernsey, and barque Herring- PRINCESS of WALES presented medals to two ton, of Whitby, assisted to save vessels and 11 ; coxswains of the ROYAL NATIONAL LIFE-BOAT brigantine Edina, of Liverpool, saved vessel and INSTITUTION on the 3rd March, as rewards for 3; brig Guide, of Brazil, rendered assistance; their gallant services in saving life. The cere- s.s. Hawthorn, of London, rendered assistance; mony took place at Marlborough House, in the schooner Sarnian Gem, of Guernsey, rendered presence of His Royal Highness the PSIKCE OF assistance; and schooner Mizpah, of Dover, WALES, attended by Lord COLVILLE OP CULBOSS, remained by vessel. Colonel STANLEY CLARKE, Mr. HOLZMANN, and (Accounts of these services are given on Mr. FRANCIS KNOLLYS. There were also presen t pages 415-422.) Mr. EDWARD BIBKBECK, M.P. (chairman of the Life-boat Institution), Colonel FITZROY CLAY- Voted 486Z. 14s. to pay the expenses of the TON, Mr. CAVE, Admiral WARD, Mr. CHARLES Brooke, Newquay (Cardiganshire), Hasborough, DIBDIN (secretary), and Captain the Hon. H. Palling, New Brighton No. 2, Penmen, Caister W. CHETWYND, R.N., Chief Inspector of Life- No. ], Rye, Holyhead, Winchelsea, Cromer, boats. The recipients of the decorations were Watchet, Silloth, Southend (Essex), Barmouth, ROBERT LEQERTON, the coxswain of the Albert Braunton, Harwich, New Romuey, Margate, Edward Life-boat, stationed at Clacton, who Lytham, Maryport, Ilfracombe, Sutton, Scar- has assisted to save ninety-one lives; and ROW- borough, Swansea, and Hartlepool No. 3 Life- LAND HUGHES, the coxswain of the Moelfre boats in assembling their crews or putting off (Anglesey) Life-boat, who, at the advanced age in reply to signals of distress shown by vessels of eighty-two years, is now retiring from the which did not ultimately require the services of post after thirty-four years' service, having the boats. assisted to save forty-nine lives. Each of the Voted 450Z. in aid of the local fund for the men was personally presented with the medal relief of the widows and orphans of two of the by her Royal Highness, and they were con- crew of the Clacton-on-Sea Life-boat who were gratulated by their Royal Highnesses on their unfortunately drowned by the upsetting of the heroic services. boat while on service on the night of the 23rd Read the Reports of the Chief Inspector of January. Life-boats on his recent visits to Harwich and Hythe. The Second Service Clasp of the Institution Also the reports of the five District Inspectors was voted to ROBERT LEGEBTON, coxswain of Life-boats on their recent visits to the fol- of the Life-boat, in recognition of his valuable lowing stations:— services on the above-named occasion. A 1. Southend, Plymouth, Yealm, Hope Cove, reward of 3Z. each was also granted to the cox- Salcombe, Dartmouth, Brixham, Torquay, swain and crew of the boat in consideration of Teignmouth, Sidmouth, Exmouth, Lyme Regis, the exceptional risk and exposure they incurred, Swanage, Poole, Kimeridge, and Weymouth. and further sums of 21. and II. each were 2. Appledore (two Boats), Ilfracombe, Morte, 428 THE LIFE-BOAT JOUENAL. [AUGUST 1, 1884.

Brauuton, Lynmouth, Clovelly,- Bude, Looe, The Moelfro, Holyhead, Fishguard No. 2, Newquay, Port Isaac, Padstow, and Watchet. and Newbiggin Life-boats had also rendered 3. Ballywalter, Groomsport, Portrush, Green- the following services:— castle, Aranmore, Drogheda (two Boats), Giles' Schooner Elizabeth Anne, of Carnarvon, and Quay, Blackrock, and Poolbcg. another schooner, saved vessels and one man; •1. Port Logan, Port Patrick, Ballantrae, barques Ebue, of Liverpool, Maxima, of Swansea, Girvan, Southend, KiMonan, and Campbeltown. and Leonar, of Hamburg, rendered assistance. 5. Southwold (two Boats), Kessingland (two Boats), Dunwich, Aldborough, Thorpeness, (Accounts of most of these Life-boat services Clacton, Harwich, Hornsea, and Withernsea. will beTound on pages 416-423.) Reported the receipt of 650Z. from W. J. Voted 263?. 8s. 8d. to pay the expenses of the GUERRIER, Esq., to defray the cost of a new Llanddwyn, Winchelsea, Douglas, Appledore, life-boat to be named the Good Hope. Tyrella, Margate, Poole, Aldborough, Harwich, Eesolved that the best thanks- of the Com- Falmouth, Holyhead, Porthdinllaen, Bridling- mittee be conveyed to the benevolent donor, and ton, St. Anne's, Courtown, Cahore, Kirkcud- that his gift be appropriated to the new Life- bright, Lowestoft, and Huna Life-boats, in boat about to be sent to Palling, Norfolk. assembling their crews or putting off to the Also 6501. from Miss Curling to provide a assistance of vessels, which did not ultimately new Life-boat to be named tlie Curling. require their services. Resolved that the donor be thanked, and that Also 51. 5s. to seven men for saving, by means her gift be appropriated to the new Life-boat of lines thrown from the North Pier, at West for Bull Bay, Anglesey. Hartlepool, the crew of six men of the brigantiue [The other special contributions and legacies Crown, of Rye, which parted her towrope and received by the Institution during the month was driven behind the pier, where she became of February are given in the Annual Report, a total wreck on the 2nd February. published on the 1st May last.] Also 1Z. 17s. 6d. to five men for putting of in Reported that the following legacies had a boat and saving, with some difficulty and been bequeathed to the Institution :— risk, two of the crew of the keel Vivid, of £ Barton, port of Hull, which had sunk off The late Mrs. MARY TAIT, of York Ter- Whitton, Lincolnshire, during a fresh gale from race, Regents Park 2000 the N.W., on the 21th January. The late Miss MARY BARKWORTII, of Tun- bridge Wells (duty free) 300 The late Mrs. LOUISA LE CORNEY, of Ply- mouth 25 SATURDAY, 15th March. Reported the transmission to its station of the The Annual General Meeting of the friends Claeton-on-Sea new Life-boat. The boat was and supporters of the ROYAL NATIONAL LIFE- taken to its station by water, and the Great BOAT INSTITUTION took place this day at Willis's Eastern Railway Company kindly conveyed the Rooms, St. James's, His Royal Highness the transporting carriage to Clacton, and brought PRINCE OP WALES, K.G., in the Chair. back the old boat and carriage to London free Mr. CHARLES DIBDIM, the Seeretary, read the of charge.—To be thanked. Annual Report, which will be found in the May Resolved that a new Life-boat be placed at number of The Life-boat Journal. Southend, in addition to the small one stationed His ROYAL HIGHNESS then made snme on the Pier at that place, for service on the out- suitable observations on the great and national lying sandbanks, and that the Legacy of the character of the operations of the Institution, late Mrs. F. S. SMITH, of Lisheen, for a Life- and its officers for the current year were boat to be named the Theodore and Herbert, be chosen. appropriated to this new station. The Meeting was also addressed by His Also that various works be carried out at the Grace the DUKE OF ARGYLL, K.G., K.T.; Lyme Regis, Holy Island, and Littlehampton Admiral of the Fleet, the Hon. SIR HENRY Life-boat Stations at an expense of 880L KEPPEL, G.C.B.; the Right Hon. THE LORD Paid 1156Z. for sundry charges on various MAYOR, M.P.; JOHN HOLMS, Esq., M.P., Sec- Life-boat establishments. retary of the Board of Trade; Sir THOMAS Voted 176Z. 8s. Qd. to pay the expenses of the BRASSEY, K.C.B., M.P., Civil Lord of the Ad- Cardigan, Tenby, Groonisport, Duncannon, miralty; Captain LORD CHABLES BEUBSFORD, Youghal, Gorleston, Montnwe No. 2, Mable- R.N.; His Grace the DUKE OF NORTHUMBER- Ihorpc, and Fishguard No. 1 Life-boats, in LAND, P.C., D.C.L., President; and EDWARD rendering the following services:— Lives BIRKBEOK, Esq., M.P., Chairman of the Institu- saved. tion. Schooner Alexander, of Beaumaris ... 4 Various resolutions were moved, seconded, Schooner Richard Cobden, of Swansea . . 5 and carried unanimously, pledging the meeting Steamer Emily, of Sunderland .... 9 to renewed exertions on behalf of the benevolent Ship Earl of Seaconsfield, of Glasgow. . 33 and national objects of the Institution. Brigantine Vidonia, of Bridport. Remained by vessel. The resolutions will be found in the May Brig Sovereign, of Whitby ..... 8 number of The Life-boat Journal. Schooner Christine, of Svendborg ... 5 Barge Star, of Rochester 3 Smack Mapid, of Cardigan 3 AUGUST 1,1884] THE LIFE-BOAT JOUENAL. 429

THURSDAY, 3rd April. UABR, for their past kind services as Honorary Secretaries respectively of the Bamburgh Castle EDWARD BIBKBECK, Esq., M.P., V.P., in the and Poolbeg Branches of the Institution. Chair. Paid 434U. for sundry charges on various It was unanimously resolved " that, having [jife-boat Establishments. regard to the great affliction that has befallen Her Majesty the QUEEN, the Patroness of the Voted ¥11. 2s. 6d. to pay the expenses of tlie Institution, by the lamented and sudden death Monlrose No. 1, Palling No. 2, and Queenstown of His Eoyal Highness PRINCE LEOPOLD GEORGE Life-boats in rendering the following services :— DUNCAN ALBERT, DUKE OP ALBANY, K.G., K.T., Lives its Committee of Management, at their first saved. Meeting, beg to tender to Her Majesty the ex- 3.S. Mayflower, of Glasgow 4 pression of their deep and earnest sympathy." Barque Helene, of Bremen 16 Bead and approved the Minutes of the pre- Brigantiue Septimus, of Belfast .... 4 vious Meeting, and those of the Finance and The Newbiggin, Youghal, Montrose No. 2, Correspondence, and Wreck and Beward Sub- Palling No. 2, Kingsdowne, and Gorleston Committees. Life-boats had also rendered the following ser- Elected the members of the Sub-Committees vices :—Newbiggin fishing-boats rendered as- —L. T. CAVE, Esq., Chairman —for the ensuing sistance; schooner Jane Sophia, of Plymouth, year. remained by vessel; s.s. Mayflower, of Glasgow, Bead the Beports of four of the District In- rendered assistance; barque Scotia, of Sunder- spectors of Life-boats on their recent visits to land, assisted to save vessel and crew, 12; brig the following Stations :— Breeze, of Blyth assisted to save vessel and 7, 2. St. Ives, Sennen Cove, Hayle, Scilly, and barque Tagus, of Shoreham, rendered assist- Penzance, Porthleven, Porthoustoek, Cadgwitli, ance. Lizard, Mullion, Palmonth, Megavissey, Portloe, and Fowey. (Beports of some of these services are given 3. Balbriggan, Skerries, Howth, Kingstown, on pages 416-417.) aud Greystones. Voted 1301. 9s. Gd. to pay the expenses of the 4. Ardros8an,Troon, Irvine, Blyth (two Boats), Stromness, Moutvose No. 2, Castletcwn, Win- Tynemouth, and Newbiggin. terton No. 2, Fieetwood, Ardrossan, New Bom- 5. Bridlington Quay, Flamborough (two ney, and Lydd Life-boats in .putting off to the Boats), Filey, Scarborough, Upgang, Whitby assistance of vessels which did not ultimately (two Boats), Bobinhood's Bay, Bunswick, need their help. . Staithes, Bedcar, Saltburn, and Middlesbrough. Voted the thanks of the Institution inscribed Beported the receipt of 6501. from Miss on vellum to DAVID DXTNCAN and JAMES LEICESTER to defray the cost of the Whitehaven WATT, the coxswains of the Montrose Life- new Life-boat, the Elizabeth Leicester.—To lie boats, in recognition of the many good ser- thanked. vices in saving life from shipwreck which they [The other special contributions and legacies and their crews rendered, and especially on the received by the Institution, during the month occasion of the stranding of the s.s. Mayflower, of March, are given in the Annual Report, of Glasgow, during a heavy gale on the 9th published on the 1st May last.] March. (Vide page 412.) Voted 51. to one of the launchers of the St. Beported that the following legacies had been Anne's Life-boat on the 27th January in con- bequeathed to the Institution:— sideration of his illness since the exposure he £ underwent on that occasion. The late OXLEY ENGLISH, Esq., of Pall Also 3Z. to six men for putting off in the Mall 2000 Coastguard whale-boat at Studland Bay, Dor- The late Miss CAROLINE LAMB, of Clifton set, at considerable risk, and saving the crew (duty free) 300 of three men of the smack Acorn, of Poole, The late Mrs. PALMER, of Tunbridge which stranded close to Poole bar during a Wells 100 moderate E.S.E. gale on the 16th February. Beported the transmission to their Stations 51. was also granted to a coastguardruan who of the new Life-boats for Kessingland, Suffolk, was one of the crew of the boat on the occasion, and Kilmore, County Wexford. and was seriously injured. Besolved that new Life-boat Stations be Also 11. 10s. to fifteen men for putting off in formed at Southsea and Walton-on-the-Naze. a boat from Coldingham, Berwickshire, and Also that the Life-boats on the following rescuing the disabled fishing-boat Alice and Stations be re-placed with new ones possessing Ann, of Presfonpans, and her crew of seven nil the latest improvements, as soon as practic- men, during a strong gale on trie 26th January. able :— Also 4Z. 10s. to nine men for putting off in the Hythe, Bedcar, Middlesbrough, Filey, New Coastguard whale-boat at Minehead, Somerset- Bomney, and Palling. shire, and saving the crew of three men of the Also that the gift by Mr. JOSEPH SPAWFORTS, stranded cutter Glance, of Cardiff, during a of Barbican, of a Life-boat, to be named the N.W. gale on the 19th November. Sandal Magna, be appropriated to the New Also 21. to four men for putting ofl in a boat, Bomney Station, and that the best thanks 01 and rescuing three of the crew of the fishing- the Committee be conveyed to Mr. SPAWFOBTH. boat Ellen, of Youghal, which was capsized in Also that the thanks of the Committee be con- Youghal Harbour during a strong S.S.W. wind veyed to B. A. STOBRAR, Esq., and Mr. SAMUEL on the 20th February. 430 THE LITE-BOAT JOUENAL. [AUGUST 1,1884.

HELP THE HELPLESS!

MIGHTY waves! see how they're raging! 'Mid the splashing, and the dashing, How the heavens are rent in twain! 'Mid the wild distressing cry, Hear the shrieks from yonder vessel! Think you, are those sinking brothers, Think you, are the cries in vain ? One and all prepared to die? Launch the Lite-boat! Launch the Life-boat! "Tween the dazzling of the lightning, Echo cries, There's none at hand ! And the peal of thunder loud, Naught to help that sinking vessel ? Reels the vessel like a plaything, Naught to bring those souls to land ? And the toy the waves enshroud. Is there nothing here to help them ? Sure it is but feeble efforts Nothing to give chance of Life ? From us gallant seamen need: Nothing! Nothing I answers echo, Help the Sailor !—however little, Pity's useless in the strife. And you sow a precious seed! See the flashing of the lightning! Seed which, cast upon the waters, Hear the thunder's awful crash! Floats about in useful form— See the waves' delirious foaming, Till we see more Life-boats gather 'Gainst the rocks the vessel dash! Dying men from out the storm. MABY BRTNINC. Millom, 1884.

DISMISSAL OF A LIFE-BOAT CREW. IT will be remembered by our Readers that on I for by the Institution, and, notwithstanding a the 25th November last the crew of the East- warning which the crew received on the subject, bourne Life-boat performed a very meritorious they wilfully persisted in their claim, and ob- service. We are alluding to the rescue, under tained 1051. The Central Committee, having exceptionally trying circumstances, of the crew carefully weighed all the circumstances con- consisting of eleven persons, of the Norwegian nected with the case, came, with much regret, barque tiew Brunswick which was riding at her to the decision to dismiss the coxswains and anchors in ahighly dangerous position off Birling crew of the Life-boat from their service, in Gap, and exhibiting signals of distress, during a which decision they received the concurrence gale of wind from the S.S.W. accompanied by a of the Local Committee. It should be added very heavy sea. For this service the Life-boatmen that the Life-boatmen forwarded to the Parent were remunerated by the Institution, double Institution 151. of the life-salvage as the Boat's pay being awarded them, and they also received two shares, but this amount was refunded •201. from the donor of the Boat and about 702. by the Institution to the owners of the New collected in the town of Eastbourne. Subse- Brunswick. A Boat-house keeper has been quently the Life-boatmen made a claim on the appointed to take charge of the Station with owners of the unfortunate vessel for life-salvage, instructions that, in the event of a wreck or such action being in direct contravention of the of a vessel being in distress, he is to give the rules of the Institution, which strictly prohibit keys of the House to any reputable seafaring Life-boats' crews from making any claim on a or otherwise competent body of men demanding vessel for life-salvage, as such services are paid them. ROYAL NATIONAL LIFE-BOAT INSTITUTION. (SUPPORTED SOLELY BY VOLUNTARY CONTRIBUTIONS.)

SALVAGE REGULATIONS.

THE ROYAL NATIONAL LIFE-BOAT INSTITUTION is a charitable institution, incorporated by Koyal Charter, for the purpose of saving life from shipwreck. As however a rigid adherence to the precise object of the Institution would lead to the loss of much valuable property, and at the same time be unjust to the Life-boats' crews, composed for the most part of men whose calling is to render property salvage services, the Institution permits the Life-boats' crews to use its boats for such services under the following regulations:— 1st.-—The Life-boat is not to be launched in competition with, or to the injury of, private interests for property salvage purposes when lives are not in danger, excepting under special circumstances, with the sanction of the Honorary Secretary of the Local Branch or of some other authority connected with the Local Committee. 2nd.—When a Life-boat has been launched for the purpose of saving life, and it is found on arriving at the vessel in danger that the master, or other responsible person in charge, wishes to engage the services of the Life-boat's crew to endeavour to save the vessel, the Life-boat's crew are at liberty to accept an engagement with such master, or other responsible person in charge, for this purpose, and to make use of the Life-boat under the following conditions:— A. That all reasonable care be taken of the Life-boat and its gear. B. That it be clearly understood that the position of the Life-boat's crew towards the Institution is changed from a Life-boat crew endeavouring to save life, and entitled to be paid for such endeavours by the Institution, to a party of salvors who have borrowed the Lite-boat for property salvage purppses, for the remunera- tion of which services they are to look to the person in charge of the vessel who has engaged them, a certain proportion of such remuneration (the proportion being, in accordance with the Rules of the Institution, founded on Jocal custom) being paid to the Institution for the loan of the Life-boat. C. Should the attempts of the Life-boat's crew to salve the vessel be successful, but the amount of salvage money paid them be less than the amount they would have been entitled to for an endeavour to save life, the difference will be made good by the Institution. Should, however, they be unsuccessful in salving the vessel they will be paid by the lustitution as though they had launched for the purpose of saving lite. 3rd.—If the Life-boat be launched for the purpose of saving life, and it be found on reaching the vessel that there is any immediate probability of efforts to float her, or to place her out of danger, meeting with success, and the Life-boat's crew be not required to salve property, but merely to remain at hand in case it should be found necessary to desert the vessel, it shall be permissible for the Boat to remain if the Coxswain deem it practicable, but this service will be regarded as a life-saving service to be paid for by the Institution, and not a property salvage service to be remunerated by the vessel. It must be clearly understood, however, that this regulation relates to immediate efforts only, which may be considered to extend to one hour after the high water immediately following the launching of the Life-boat. Any claim for extra payment from the Institution for this special service must be accompanied by a letter or certificate from the master, or other responsible person in charge of the vessel, setting forth that the service was rendered at his request and the time it occupied. The attendance of the Life-boat and its crew during any lengthened operations at the request of the master, or other responsible person in charge of the vessel, whether assistance is given in such operations or not, will be considered a property salvage service, and will not be paid for by the Institution. 4th.—The Life-boats' crews are strictly prohibited from making any claim on a vessel for life salvage, as such services are paid for by the Institution. By Order of the Committee, CHARLES DIBDIN, May, 1884. Secretary. BOYAL NATIONAL LIFE-BOAT INSTITUTION, SUPPORTED SOLELY BY VOLUNTARY CONTRIBUTIONS.

roness—UK l^ost ©rations gtajtstg t|t Qnttn. —HEB KOYAL HIGHNESS THE PRINCESS OF WALES. His ROYAL HIGHNESS THE PRINCE o* WALES, K.G. VICE-ADMIRAL H.K.H. THE DUKE OP EDINBURGH, K.G. —Hra BRACE THE DUKE OF NORTHUMBERLAND, P.C., D.C.L. —EDWARD BIBKBECK, ESQ., M.P., V.P. geptttg-C^airman—Colonel Frrz-RoT CLAYTON.

APPEAL. THE COMMITTEE OP MANAGEMENT have to state that during the past year (1883) the ROYAL NATIONAL LITE-BOAT INSTITUTION expended £27,083 on various Life-boat Establishments on the Coasts of England, Scotland, and Ireland. During the same period it contributed to the saving of 955 persons from various Shipwrecks on our Coasts. Every winter that comes and goes has its black record of wrecks, and its terrible list of lost lives, the average loss of lives from Shipwreck annually, on the shores of the United Kingdom, being 700.

GENERAL SDMMAKT or THE WORK OF THE INSTITUTION DOTING 1883. Number of lives rescued by Life-boats, in addition to £ «. d. SO Vessels saved by them 725 .... Number of Lives saved by Shore-boats, &c. 230 Amount of Pecuniary Rewards for Saving Life during the Year 5,39719 4 Honorary Rewards :—Silver Medals and Clasps ... 14 ... Votes of Thanks on Vellum. . . 25 ...... Total .... 39 955_ £5,397 19 4 The Committee desire to acknowledge, with gratitude, the liberal support which they have received from the British Public during the past few years,—a support which has enabled them to establish their present great Life-saving Fleet of 279 boats on the shores of the United Kingdom. Deeply sensible, however, of the great responsibility that rests on them to maintain the Life-boats in a thoroughly efficient state, and their crews practised in the management of their boats, which can only be effected by a large and permanent Annual Income, they earnestly appeal to all classes of their countrymen to continue to aid them in upholding and perpetuating so great and truly national a Work. The number of Lives saved either by the Life-boats of the Society, or by special exertions, for which it has granted rewards since its formation, is 31,033: for which services 97 Gold Medals, 968 Silver Medals, and £80,470 in cash have been given as Rewards. Annual Subscriptions and Donations are earnestly solicited, and will be thankfully received by the Secretary, CHARLES DIBDIN, Esq., at the Institution, 14 JOHN STREET, ADELPHI, London; by the Bankers of the Institution, Messrs. COTJTTS and Co., S9 Strand; Messrs. HEEBIES, FARQUHAE, and Co., 16 St. James's Street; Messrs. HOARE, 37 Fleet Street, London; and by all the other Bankers in the United Kingdom.—August, 1884.