A Longitudinal Study of Australian Choral Experts
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Australian Choral Conductors and Current Choral Practice: A Longitudinal Study of Australian Choral Experts Author Wyvill, Janet Published 2012 Thesis Type Thesis (PhD Doctorate) School Queensland Conservatorium DOI https://doi.org/10.25904/1912/3109 Copyright Statement The author owns the copyright in this thesis, unless stated otherwise. Downloaded from http://hdl.handle.net/10072/367961 Griffith Research Online https://research-repository.griffith.edu.au Queensland Conservatorium Griffith University Brisbane, Australia Australian Choral Conductors and Current Choral Practice: A Longitudinal Study of Australian Choral Experts A dissertation submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy Janet Wyvill 2012 AUSTRALIAN CHORAL CONDUCTORS ii Abstract This dissertation explores the nature of the Australian Choral Conductor. Through survey, interview and case study, the research aimed to reveal the attributes of the Australian Choral Conductor, particularly in relation to the skills and experiences that contribute to a conductor becoming an expert. The Australian Choral Conductor, it could be argued, is under valued and little understood. There are very few opportunities for Australian experts to remain as full time choral conductors within their own country. In some cases Australian conductors have moved overseas to take up choral conducting positions, and in the process have gained international recognition. This research investigated if there was a particular pathway to becoming a choral conductor, and if there were opportunities to remain as such within Australia. The research arose out of three defining moments in Australian choral music. These were the 1998 National Strategic Plan for Choral Development; and the 1998 ANCA survey research entitled ‘So you want to be a choral conductor?’ and the 1996 World Symposium of Choral Music in Sydney. Using a longitudinal frame, the research focussed on examining the cases of five eminent Australian musicians, probing areas of a conductor’s passion and reasons for becoming a choral conductor. The research also investigated the ways in which choral conductors’ training, knowledge and experience influenced their choice of repertoire and, in turn, their performance standard and level of expertise. The research examined whether there was a consistent way of determining how conductors’ choral practice is developed. The study went on to investigate why Australian conductors did not receive wider recognition as experts within the choral community, or within Australia in general. AUSTRALIAN CHORAL CONDUCTORS iii Finally, the study investigated whether any conductor could become an expert through a focus on the current training requirements of choral conductors. The implications for the broader sector, for conductors of choirs and for educators include building knowledge in the area, the potential to make informed decisions, and the requirements to be an expert choral conductor with high quality performances. The findings from the research may enable conductors and educators to adapt their approach to training and education in choral conducting and developing practices. This may, in turn, increase the capacity for conductors to perform suitable works and also develop their level of expertise. This further enriches the choral experience and supports greater opportunities for choral excellence. AUSTRALIAN CHORAL CONDUCTORS iv Declarations Statement of Editorial Assistance Professional editorial services have been used for this dissertation. Professional editors provided copyediting and proofreading services, according to the guidelines laid out in the university-endorsed national guidelines, ‘The editing of research theses by professional editors’. Statement of publication Results of the 2008 ANCA survey have been published in report form in the ANCA magazine Sing Out 28, 1. A copy of this article is provided in Appendix 6. Initial findings from this study will be presented as a spoken paper during the International Society of Music Education conference 2012 in Thessaloniki, Greece. Declaration of originality I certify that this dissertation does not incorporate without acknowledgement any material previously submitted for a degree or diploma in any university; and that to the best of my knowledge and belief it does not contain any material previously published or written by another person except where due reference is made in the text. Signed: ____________________On: _____/____/_____ AUSTRALIAN CHORAL CONDUCTORS v Acknowledgements The researcher gratefully acknowledges the conductors who participated in this research. All were very generous with their time and were genuinely enthusiastic about having an opportunity to tell their stories and reflect on their experiences. It was a privilege for the researcher to interview each of these conductors and to be entrusted with interpreting their stories. Thank you for all your assistance and generosity. The researcher acknowledges the support and assistance from the Australian National Choral Association members and other conductors who completed the survey as part of this research. The results have provided great insight into the current choral community. Thank you to Dr Scott Harrison and Professor Peter Roennfeldt for your support, guidance and supervision of the research process and the final product. Thank you to my parents for their encouragement and never ending love, and for all the drafts they read to get this dissertation to where it is today. Finally, thank you to Graeme, for your incredible encouragement and everlasting support. AUSTRALIAN CHORAL CONDUCTORS vi Contents ABSTRACT ....................................................................................................................... II DECLARATIONS .......................................................................................................... IV ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ............................................................................................. V CONTENTS..................................................................................................................... VI LIST OF FIGURES .......................................................................................................... X LIST OF TABLES .......................................................................................................... XI GLOSSARY OF TERMS .............................................................................................. XII LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ..................................................................................... XIII CHAPTER 1: AN INTRODUCTION .............................................................................. 1 INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................................... 1 IMPETUS FOR THIS RESEARCH .................................................................................................... 2 SUMMARY ................................................................................................................................. 4 CHAPTER 2: BACKGROUND ....................................................................................... 5 BACKGROUND TO THE RESEARCH .............................................................................................. 5 THE RESEARCH RATIONALE ....................................................................................................... 6 THE RESEARCH AIMS................................................................................................................. 8 THE AUSTRALIAN NATIONAL CHORAL ASSOCIATION ............................................................... 11 THE MUSIC COUNCIL OF AUSTRALIA ....................................................................................... 12 SUMMARY ............................................................................................................................... 13 CHAPTER 3: LITERATURE REVIEW....................................................................... 14 KEY ELEMENTS ....................................................................................................................... 14 DEFINITIONS ............................................................................................................................ 14 AUSTRALIAN CHORAL CONDUCTORS vii AUSTRALIAN IDENTITY ............................................................................................................ 15 A BRIEF HISTORY OF CHORAL CONDUCTING ............................................................................ 19 A BRIEF HISTORY OF AUSTRALIAN CHORAL CONDUCTING AND CHOIRS ................................... 21 ATTRIBUTES OF CHORAL CONDUCTING .................................................................................... 24 COMMISSIONS AND FUNDING ................................................................................................... 30 IMPLICATIONS AND LIMITATIONS IN THE LITERATURE .............................................................. 36 SUMMARY ............................................................................................................................... 40 CHAPTER 4: EXPERTISE ............................................................................................ 41 EXPERTISE AND LEADERSHIP ................................................................................................... 41 PERCEPTIONS OF EXPERTISE IN CHORAL CONDUCTING