DRAFT REPORT ON WATER QUALITY HOTSPOTS IN RIVERS OF OTHER THAN GANGA, INDUS & BRAHMAPUTRA BASIN

CENTRAL WATER COMMISSION MINISTRY OF WATER RESOURCES, RD&GR GOVERNMENT OF INDIA

September, 2017

Table of Content

Executive Summary ...... i 1. Introduction ...... 1 2. River Water Pollution ...... 12 3. Water Quality Standards in India ...... 13 4. Water Quality in Rivers of India other than Ganga, Indus and Brahmaputra Basin ...... 15 5. Status of pollution in river water based upon BOD (mg/l) during 2012-13 to 2016-17 ...... 16 6. Water Quality Hot Spots on Rivers, probable source of pollution and required capacity of STP to make the river clean upto its self cleaning capacity/level ...... 24 7. Observations ...... 24 7.1. (Plate 1) ...... 25 7.2. (Plate 2) ...... 26 7.3. (Plate 3) ...... 27 7.4. (Plate 4) ...... 28 7.5. (Plate 5) ...... 29 7.6. (Plate 6) ...... 30 7.7. (Plate 7) ...... 31 7.8. Odisa (Plate 8) ...... 32 7.9. Tamilnadu (Plate 9) ...... 33 7.10. (Plate 10)...... 34 7.11. Rajasthan (Plate 11) ...... 35 7.12. Kerela (Plate 12) ...... 35 8. Actionable Points for Making Rivers Clean: ...... 36 Annexure I ...... 37 Annexure-II ...... 40 Plates ...... 42

Executive Summary

CWC is monitoring water quality at 429 stations spread all over India covering major river basins. The water quality data collected by CWC from the year 2012-13 to 2016-17 was analysed to find out the organic pollution in the rivers of India at various places. The water quality parameter that is BOD is the main indicator for indicating the pollution in the rivers due to discharge of untreated sewage in rivers. However, many industries also pollute rivers with their untreated effluents.

The main stem of river Ganga and its tributaries are being monitored by NMCG and they are taking remedial measures to improve the water quality of river Ganga and its tributaries. Therefore, water quality aspect of Ganga River and its tributaries has not been taken into account in this report and Brahmaputra & Barak basin has got abundance of water and population is sparse. Therefore, it is considered that pollution in the river water in Brahmaputra & Barak basin is mainly due to geo-genic reason. In the NE region, there are hardly any large cities and big industries near the river bank. In Indus basin, CWC does not have adequate water quality sites representing the basin, therefore, water quality analysis of Indus Basin has also not been considered.

Considering the above, water quality data of other river basins has been examined. In order to prioritize the level of pollution, priority has been given in the scale of I-V, where category I is considered as severely polluted (BOD greater than 30 mg/l) and category V as least polluted (BOD less than 2 mg/l). This data has been utilized for preparing this report.

Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) is the main agency of Government of India under M/o Environment, Forest & CC for monitoring water pollution all over the country. Report of CPCB has also been obtained in which CPCB has identified river stretches which are polluted based on the BOD data observed during year from 2009 to 2012.

All the above information has been put in the GIS Environment in order to find out the probable source of pollution which is coming into river. Based on the information available at CWC Hqrs and the information provided by the field offices of CWC, the towns and industries have been identified which could be polluting the rivers. If the STPs of required capacity are installed on the source of pollution, the river water likely to be much cleaner. National River Conservation Program Directorate (NRCP) under MOEF&FF has also prepared a EFC in which they have proposed to install STPs at 75 cities to control pollution directly entering into the river system. These locations has also been identified and marked on the GIS maps. As per the present laws, industries are bound to install effluent treatment plants in their premises and are not allowed to discharge any untreated effluents to the river system. There is a possibility that industries may not be following the law strictly and discharging some untreated effluent to the rivers. Identification of such

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industries especially Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises ( MSME) can be found out only through the field survey.

Taking into the account all the available information, the locations for STP has been identified which are mainly cities/towns. BOD load coming from agriculture fields and forests cannot be controlled through STP and, therefore, that has not been considered in this report. For working out capacity of the STP, the population of the cities as available of 2011 census has been taken. This population has been further projected at 2021 level and considering the water supply of 135 litre per capita per day, total sewage generation has been assessed and accordingly capacity of the STP has been obtained.

Data of total 222 CWC water quality cites was analysed and it was found that water quality at the 67 locations is beyond the permissible limit. Out of 67 sites, 14 sites fall in category I, i.e. severely polluted, has been observed in the river. 12 sites fall under Category II also includes substantial pollution in the river water. Complete details of all sites have been given in tabular form in this report and they have been indicated on the maps also for easy comprehension.

The entire report is mostly prepared from the available information in CWC and for finding out the exact location of STP, availability of land, source of power, running and maintenance cost etc has to be finalized by the field survey in consultation with municipal authorities, state pollution control boards and other concerned organizations. The report gives only indicative results for further survey and studies.

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1. Introduction

Krishna Basin

The Krishna Basin extends over Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra and Karnataka having a total area of 2,58,948 Sq.km which is nearly 8% of the total geographical area of the country. The basin has a maximum length and width of about 701 km and 672 km and lies between 73°17’ to 81°9’ east longitudes and 13°10’ to 19°22’ north latitudes. It is bounded by on the north, by the on the south and the east and by the on the west. The rises from the Western Ghats near Jor village of Satara district of Maharashtra at an altitude of 1,337 m just north of . The total length of river from origin to its outfall into the Bay of is 1,400 km. Its principal tributaries joining from right are the Ghatprabha, the Malprabha and the Tungabhadra whereas those joining from left are the Bhima, the Musi and the Munneru are joining the river from left. The major part of basin is covered with agricultural land accounting to 75.86% of the total area and 4.07% of the basin is covered by water bodies. The basin spreads over 56 parliamentary constituencies (2009) comprising 23 of Andhra Pradesh, 18 of Karnataka, and 15 of Maharashtra.

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Godavari River Basin

The Godavari basin extends over states of Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, Chhattisgarh and in addition to smaller parts in Madhya Pradesh, Karnataka and Union territory of Puducherry having a total area of 3,12,812 Sq.km with a maximum length and width of about 995 km and 583 km. It lies between 73°24’ to 83°4’ east longitudes and 16°19’ to 22°34’ north latitudes and accounts for nearly 9.5% of the total geographical area of the country. The basin is bounded by Satmala hills, the Ajanta range and the Mahadeo hills on the north, by the Eastern Ghats on the south and the east and by the Western Ghats on the west. The rises from Trimbakeshwar in the district of Maharashtra about 80 km from the Arabian Sea at an elevation of 1,067 m. The total length of Godavari from its origin to outfall into the is 1,465 km. About 64 km. from the origin, the Godavari is joined by Dharna, on its right bank and a short distance down stream the Kadana joins it from the left.

The combined waters of the Pravara and Mula which rise in the hills of Akola join the river from left about 217 km. from the origin. About 338 km. from the origin, the river receives the combined waters from the Purna and Dudhna rivers and after a further 138 km. at the border of Maharashtra and Andhra Pradesh, the waters of the joins it from the South. At this point, Godavari flows at an elevation of about 329 m. The river Pranhita, conveying the combined waters of Penganga, the Wardha and Wainganga, which drain and southern slopes of the Satpura ranges, falls into Godavari about 306 km. below its confluence with the 2

Manjira. The waters of the Indravathi join the river Godavari 48 Km down stream. The last major tributary is the Sabari, which joins the Godavari, 100 km. up-stream of . The largest tributary of the Godavari is the Pranhita with about 34.87% coverage of drainage area. The Pravara, Manjira and Maner are right bank tributaries covering about 16.14%, the Purna, Pranhita, Indravathi and Sabari are important left bank tributaries, covering nearly 59.7% of the total catchment area of the basin. The Godavari in the upper, middle, and lower reaches make up for the balance 24.16%. The major part of basin is covered with agricultural land accounting to 59.57% of the total area and 3.6% of the basin is covered by water bodies. The basin spreads over 51 parliamentary constituencies (2009) comprising 21 of Maharashtra, 18 of Andhra Pradesh, 4 of Madhya Pradesh, 3 each of Chhattisgarh and Odisha and 1 each of Karnataka and Puducherry.

Mahanadi Basin

The basin extends over states of Chhattisgarh and Odisha and comparatively smaller portions of Jharkhand, Maharashtra and Madhya Pradesh, draining an area of 1,41,589 Sq.km which is nearly 4.3% of the total geographical area of the country. The geographical extent of the basin lies between 80°28’ and 86°43’ east longitudes and 19°8’ and 23°32’ north latitudes. The basin has maximum length and width of 587 km and 400 km. It is bounded by the Central India hills on the north, by the Eastern Ghats on the south and east and by the Maikala range on the west. The Mahanadi is one of the major rivers of the country and among the peninsular rivers, in water potential and flood producing capacity, it ranks second to the Godavari. It originates from a pool, 6 km from Farsiya village of district of Chhattisgarh.

The total length of the river from origin to its outfall into the Bay of Bengal is 851 km. The Seonath, the Hasdeo, the Mand and the Ib joins Mahanadi from left whereas the Ong, the Tel and the Jonk joins it from 3

right. Six other small streams between the Mahanadi and the Rushikulya draining directly into the Chilka Lake also forms the part of the basin. The major part of basin is covered with agricultural land accounting to 54.27% of the total area and 4.45% of the basin is covered by water bodies. The basin spreads over 27 parliamentary constituencies (2009) comprising 13 of Odisha, 11 of Chhattisgarh, and 1 each of Maharashtra, Jharkhand and Madhya Pradesh.

Tapi Basin

The basin extends over states of Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra and Gujarat having an area of 65,145 Sq.km with a maximum length and width of 534 & 196 km. It lies between 72°33’ to 78°17’ east longitudes and 20°9’ to 21°50’ north latitudes. Situated in the , the basin is bounded by the on the north, by the Mahadev hills on the east, by the Ajanta Range and the Satmala hills on the south and by the Arabian Sea on the west. The hilly region of the basin is well forested while the plains are broad and fertile areas suitable for cultivation. The Tapi is the second largest westward draining river of the Peninsula. It originates near Multai reserve forest in of Madhya Pradesh at an elevation of 752 m. The total length of the river from origin to outfall into the Arabian Sea is 724 km and its important tributaries are the Suki, the Gomai, the Arunavati and the Aner which joins it from right, and those joining from left are the Vaghur, the Amravati, the Buray, the Panjhra, the Bori, the Girna, the Purna, the Mona and the Sipna. The major part of basin is covered with agriculture accounting to 66.19% of the total area. 2.99% of the basin is covered by water bodies. The basin spreads over 18 parliamentary constituencies (2009) comprising 12 of Maharashtra, 3 of Gujarat and 3 of Madhya Pradesh.

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Narmada Basin

Narmada basin extends over states of Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat, Maharashtra and Chhattisgarh having an area of 98,796 Sq.km which is nearly 3% of the total geographical area of the country with maximum length and width of 923 & 161 km. It lies between 72°38’ to 81°43’ east longitudes and 21°27’ to 23°37’ north latitudes. It is bounded by the Vindhyas on the north, by the Maikala range on the east, by the Satpuras on the south and by the Arabian Sea on the west. The hilly regions are in the upper part of the basin, and lower middle reaches are broad and fertile areas well suited for cultivation. Narmada is the largest west flowing river of the peninsular India. It rises from Maikala range near Amarkantak in of Madhya Pradesh, at an elevation of about 1057 m. The total length of the river is 1,312 km and for the first 1079 km it flows in Madhya Pradesh and thereafter forms the common boundary between Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra for 35 km, and Maharashtra and Gujarat for 39 km. In Gujarat State it stretches for 159 km. Its important tributaries are the Burhner, the Banjar, the Sher, the Shakkar, the Dudhi, the Tawa , the Ganjal, the Kundi, the Goi and the Karjan which joins from left whereas the Hiran, the Tendoni, the Barna, the Kolar, the Man, the Uri, the Hatni and the Orsang joins from right. Narmada drains into the Arabian Sea through the . The major part of basin is covered with agriculture accounting to 56.90%. Water bodies cover 2.95% of the total basin area. The basin spreads over 20 parliamentary constituencies (2009) comprising 15 of Madhya Pradesh, 3 of Gujarat, and 1 each of Chhattisgarh and Maharashtra.

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Cauvery Basin

The Cauvery basin extends over states of , Karnataka, and Union Territory of Puducherry draining an area of 81,155 Sq.km which is nearly 2.7% of the total geographical area of the country with a maximum length and width of about 560 km and 245 km. It lies between 75°27’ to 79°54’ east longitudes and 10°9’ to 13°30’ north latitudes. It is bounded by the Western Ghats on the west, by the Eastern Ghats on the east and the south and by the ridges separating it from Krishna basin and Pennar basin on the north. The Cauvery River is one of the major rivers of the peninsula. It rises at an elevation of 1,341 m at on the range near Cherangala village of of Karnataka. The total length of the river from origin to outfall is 800 km. Its important tributaries joining from left are the Harangi, the Hemavati, the and the Arkavati whereas the Lakshmantirtha, the Kabbani, the Suvarnavati, the Bhavani, the Noyil and the Amaravati joins from right. The river drains into the Bay of Bengal. The major part of basin is covered with agricultural land accounting to 66.21% of the total area and 4.09% of the basin is covered by water bodies. The basin spreads over 33 parliamentary constituencies (2009) comprising 18 of Tamil Nadu, 11 of Karnataka, 3 of Kerala and 1 of Puducherry.

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Pennar Basin

Located in peninsular India, the Pennar basin extends over states of Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka having an area of 55,213 Sq.km with maximum length and width of 433 km and 266 km. The basin lies between 77°1’ to 80°10’ east longitudes and 13°18’ to 15°49’ north latitudes. The fan shaped basin is bounded by the Erramala range on the north, by the Nallamala and Velikonda ranges of the Eastern Ghats on the east, by the Nandidurg hills on the south and by the narrow ridge separating it from the Vedavati valley of the Krishna Basin on the west. The other hill ranges in the basin to the south of the river are the Seshachalam and Paliconda ranges. The Pennar (also known as Uttara Pinakini) is one of the major rivers of the peninsula. The Pennar rises in the Chenna Kasava hill of the Nandidurg range, in of Karnataka and flows towards east eventually draining into the Bay of Bengal. The total length of the river from origin to its outfall in the Bay of Bengal is 597 km. The principal tributaries of the river joining from left are the Jayamangali, the Kunderu and the Sagileru whereas the Chiravati, the Papagni and the Cheyyeru joins it from right. The major part of basin is covered with agriculture accounting to 58.64% of the total area and only 4.97% of the basin is covered by water bodies. The basin spreads over 14 parliamentary constituencies (2009) comprising 10 of Andhra Pradesh and 4 of Karnataka.

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Sabarmati Basin

The Sabarmati basin extends over states of Rajasthan and Gujarat having an area of 21,674 Sq.km with maximum length and width of 300 km and 150 km. It lies between 70°58’ to 73°51’ east longitudes and 22°15’ to 24°47’ north latitudes. The basin is bounded by Aravalli hills on the north and north-east, by Rann of Kutch on the west and by Gulf of Khambhat on the south. The basin is roughly triangular in shape with the as the base and the source of the Vatrak River as the apex point. Sabarmati originates from Aravalli hills at an elevation of 762 m near village Tepur, in Udaipur district of Rajasthan. The total length of river from origin to outfall into the Arabian Sea is 371 km and its principal tributaries joining from left are the Wakal, the Hathmati and the Vatrak whereas the Sei joins the river from right. The major part of basin is covered with agriculture accounting to 74.68% of the total area. 4.19% of the total basin area is covered by water bodies. The basin spreads over 15 parliamentary constituencies (2009) comprising 13 of Gujarat and 2 of Rajasthan.

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Mahi Basin

The Mahi basin extends over states of Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan and Gujarat having total area of 34,842 Sq.km with a maximum length and width of about 330 km and 250 km. It lies between 72°21’ to 75°19’ east longitudes and 21°46’ to 24°30’ north latitudes. It is bounded by Aravalli hills on the north and the north-west, by Malwa Plateau on the east, by the Vindhyas on the south and by the Gulf of Khambhat on the west. Mahi is one of the major interstate west flowing rivers of India. It originates from the northern slopes of Vindhyas at an altitude of 500 m near village Bhopawar, Sardarpur tehsil in Dhar district of Madhya Pradesh. The total length of Mahi is 583 km. The Som is its principal tributary which joins from right, and the Anas and the Panam joins the river from left. It drains into the Arabian Sea through the Gulf of Khambhat. The major part of basin is covered with agricultural land accounting to 63.63% of the total area and 4.34% of the basin is covered by water bodies. The basin spreads over 11 parliamentary constituencies (2009) comprising 6 of Gujarat, 3 of Rajasthan, and 2 of Madhya Pradesh.

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Subarnarekha Basin

The Subernarekha basin extends over States of Jharkhand, Odisha and comparatively smaller part in having a total area of 29,196 Sq.km with a maximum length and width of about 297 km and 119 km. It lies between 85°8’ to 87°32’ east longitudes and 21°15’ to 23°34’ north latitudes. Situated in the north-east corner of the Peninsular India, the basin is bounded by the Chhotanagpur plateau on the north and the west, by the ridges separating it from Baitarani basin on the south, by the Bay of Bengal on the south-east and by the Kasai Valley of Kangsabati River on the east. The Subernarekha and the Burhabalang forms the major river systems in the basin. The Subernarekha River rises near Nagri village in the of Jharkhand at an elevation of 600 m. It flows for a length of 395 km before outfalling into the Bay of Bengal. Its principal tributaries joining from right are the Kanchi, the Karkari and the Kharkai. The Burhabalang rises from south of Similipal village in the of Odisha at an elevation of about 800 m and flows for a length of 164 km and drains into the Bay of Bengal. The major part of basin is covered with agricultural land accounting to 53.76% of the total area and 2.39% of the basin is covered by water bodies. The basin spreads over 13 parliamentary constituencies (2009) comprising 5 of Jharkhand and 4 each of Odisha and West Bengal.

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Brahmani-Baitarni Basin

The basin consisting of Brahmani and Baitarni extends over states of Odisha, Jharkhand and Chhattisgarh having an area of 51,822 Sq.km which is nearly 1.7% of the total geographical area of the country with a maximum length and width of 403 km and 193 km. It lies between 83°55’ to 87°3’ east longitudes and 20°28’ to 23°38’ north latitudes. The basin is bounded by the Chhotanagpur Plateau on the north, by the ridge separating it from Mahanadi basin on the west and the south and by the Bay of Bengal on the east. The Brahmani sub basin covers 39,033 Sq.km and has a long sausage shape. The Baitarni sub basin extends over 12,789 Sq.km and is roughly circular in shape. The Brahmani, known as South Koel in its upper reaches, rises near Nagri village in Ranchi district of Jharkhand at an elevation of about 600 m. The river has a total length of 799 km. In its tail reach, the river is known as Maipura. The Baitarni River rises near Dumuria village in the hill ranges of of Odisha at an elevation of about 900 m and has a length of about 355 km. The river is known as Dhamra in its lower reaches. The important tributaries of Brahmani joining it from left are the Karo, and the Sankh whereas the Tikra joins from right. The main tributaries of Baitarni joining from left are the Salandi and the Matai. Brahmani and Baitarni form common delta area before outfalling into the Bay of Bengal. The major part of basin is covered with agricultural land accounting to 52.04% of the total area and 2.95% of the basin is covered by water bodies. The basin spreads over 16 parliamentary constituencies (2009) comprising 10 of Odisha, 4 of Jharkhand, and 2 of Chhattisgarh.

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2. River Water Pollution River Water pollution is the contamination of river water. River Water pollution occurs when pollutants are discharged directly or indirectly into rivers without adequate treatment of harmful compounds. River Water pollution affects plants and organisms living in these rivers. Water pollutants are damaging not only the individual species and populations, but also the natural biological communities. Moving water dilutes and decomposes pollutants more rapidly than standing water, but many rivers and streams are significantly polluted all around the world.

A primary reason for this is that all three major sources of pollution (industry, agriculture and domestic) are concentrated along the rivers. Industries and cities have historically been located along rivers because the rivers provide transportation and have traditionally been a convenient place to discharge waste. Agricultural activities have tended to be concentrated near rivers, because river floodplains are exceptionally fertile due to the many nutrients that are deposited in the soil when the river overflows. Source of pollution A. Point source pollution Point source pollution refers to the pollution entering the water way through a discrete conveyance like pipes, channels etc., from source such as industry. B. Non- point source pollution Non-point source pollution refers to the pollution that does not enter the water way through a discrete source but accumulative in nature. The pollutants are collected in small amounts from over a large area. These pollutants are: a. Natural contaminants such as dry leaves, dead insects and animals, bird droppings etc. b. Agricultural contaminants such as agricultural runoff containing fertilizers, pesticides etc. The fertilizers and pesticides can be washed through the soil by rain, to end up in rivers. c. Industrial contaminants such as industrial runoff containing industrial wastes. d. Microbial contaminants such as faecal & Total Coliform, and e. Human added contaminants such as organic matter through domestic discharges. If large amounts of fertilizers or farm waste drain into a river the concentration of nitrate and phosphate in the water increases considerably. Algae use these substances to grow and multiply rapidly turning the water green. This massive growth of algae, called eutrophication, leads to pollution. When the algae die they are broken down by the action of the bacteria which quickly multiply, using up all the oxygen in the water which leads to the death of many animals.

Chemical waste products from industries are discharged in to rivers. Such pollutants include cyanide, zinc, lead, copper, cadmium and mercury. These substances may enter the water in such high concentrations that fish and other animals are killed immediately. Sometimes the pollutants enter a food chain and accumulate until they reach toxic levels, eventually killing birds, fish and mammals.

Factories use water from rivers to power machinery or to cool down machinery. Dirty water containing chemicals is put back in to the rivers. Water used for cooling is warmer than the river itself. Raising the temperature of the water, lowers the level of dissolved oxygen and upsets the balance of life in the water. People sometimes carelessly throw rubbish directly into rivers.

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3. Water Quality Standards in India

A river is defined as a large natural stream of water emptying into an ocean, lake or other body of water and usually fed along its course by converging tributaries. Rivers and streams drain water that falls in upland areas.

Water Quality Management is for a great deal controlled by authorization of discharges of dangerous substances for which monitoring of discharges, effluents and influenced surface water is essential. Water Quality monitoring is one of the first steps required in the rational development and restoring the river water quality. One of the main objectives of the river water quality monitoring is to assess the suitability of river water for various utilisations such as drinking purposes, irrigation, out- door bathing and propagation of wildlife, fisheries. The physical and chemical quality of river water is important in deciding its suitability for drinking purposes. As such the suitability of river water for potable uses with regard to its chemical quality has to be deciphered and defined on the basis of the some vital characteristics of the water.

Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) formally known as Indian Standard Institute (ISI) vide its document IS 2296:1992 has recommended the quality standards for designated best uses and these have been used for finding the suitability of river water. On this basis of classification, the natural river water of India has been categorized as Class – A: Drinking Water Source without conventional treatment but after disinfection; Class – B: Outdoor bathing (Organised); Class – C: Drinking water source after conventional treatment and disinfection; Class – D: Propagation of Wild life and Fisheries; Class – E: Irrigation, Industrial Cooling, Controlled Waste disposal.

The physic-chemical parameters like pH, electrical conductance, Chloride, Fluoride, Nitrate, Sulphate, Boron, Total hardness, Dissolved Oxygen and Bio-chemical Oxygen demand are main constituents defining the quality of river water in surface water. Therefore, presence of these parameters in river water beyond the permissible limit has been considered as river water quality hotspots. The Water Quality Standards in India (Source IS: 2296; 1992) is as given in Table-3 below.

Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD)

BOD is most notorious water pollutant which is abundantly available in nature. High BOD allows aerobic bacteria to utilise available Dissolved Oxygen (DO) of water. In case of excessive BOD, there will be deficiency of DO and anaerobic bacteria will become active. This will result in mortality in living aquatic organisms and release of methane, ammonia, H2S etc. This may also cause algal bloom. All these condition will make water unfit for any use. Therefore, it is necessary to control BOD in all water.

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Table 3.1: Water Quality Standards in India (Source IS: 2296; 1992) Designated best use S. No Characteristics A B C D E 1 Dissolved Oxygen (DO) mg/l. min 6 5 4 4 -

2 Biochemical Oxygen demand (BOD) mg/l.max 2 3 3 - -

3 Total coliform organisms MPN /100 ml.max 50 500 5 - - 4 pH value 6.5-8.5 6.5-8.5 6.0-9.0 6.5-8.5 6.0-8.5 5 Colour. Hazen units. max 10 300 300 - - 6 Odour Un-objectionable - -

7 Taste Tasteless - - - - 8 Total dissolved solids. mg/l. max. 500 - 1500 - 2100

9 Total hardness (as CaCO3),mg/l.max 200 - - - -

10 Calcium hardness (as CaCO3), mg/l.max 200 - - - - 11 Magnesium hardness (as CaCO3), mg/l.max. 200 - - - - 12 Copper (as Cu).mg/l.max 1.5 - 1.5 - - 13 Iron (as Fe). Mg/l max. 0.3 - 0.5 - - 14 Manganese (as Mn).mg/l.max 0.5 - - - - 15 Chloride (as Cl). mg/l.max 250 - 600 - 600 16 Sulphates (as SO4). mg/l. max 400 - 400 - 1 17 Nitrate (as NO3). mg/l. max 20 - 50 - - 18 Fluorides (as F). mg/l. max 1.5 1.5 1.5 - -

19 Phenolic compounds (as C2H5OH). mg/l. max 0.002 0.005 0.005 - -

20 Mercury (as Hg). mg/l.max. 0.001 - - - - 21 Cadmium (as Cd).mg/l.max 0.01 - 0.01 - - 22 Selenium (as Se).mg/l.max 0.01 - 0.05 - - 23 Arsenic (as As).mg/l.max 0.05 0.2 0.2 - - 24 Cyanide (as Pb).mg/l.max 0.05 0.05 0.05 - - 25 Lead (as Pb).mg/l.max 0.1 - 0.1 - - 26 Zinc (as Zn).mg/l.max 15 - 15 - - 27 Chromium (as Cr6+ ).mg/l.max 0.05 - 0.05 - - 28 Anionic detergents (sa MBAS). mg/l.max 0.2 1 1 - - 29 Barium (as Ba).mg/l.max 1 - - - - 30 Free Ammonia (as N)). Mg/l.max - - - 1.2 - 31 Electrical Conductivity. Micromhos/cm. max. - - - - 2250 32 Sodium absorption ratio. max - - - - 26 33 Boron. Mg/l. max - - - - 2

Class – A: Drinking Water Source without conventional treatment but after disinfection Class – B: Outdoor bathing (Organized) Class – C: Drinking water source after conventional treatment and disinfection Class – D: Propagation of Wild life and Fisheries Class – E: Irrigation, Industrial Cooling, Controlled Waste disposal

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4. Water Quality in Rivers of India other than Ganga, Indus and Brahmaputra Basin The CWC is monitoring water quality at 429 stations throughout the India covering all major river basins. The basin wise no of Water Quality Stations monitored by CWC is as given below.

S. No. Name of Basin No. of WQ Stations 1. Brahmani-Baitarni Basin 9 2. Cauvery Basin 34 3. East Flowing rivers between Mahanadi and Pennar 5 4. EFR between Pennar and 17 5. Godavari Basin 35 6. Krishna Basin 32 7. Mahanadi Basin 19 8. Mahi Basin 4 9. Narmada Basin 18 10. Pennar Basin 8 11. Sabarmati Basin 3 12. Subernarekha Basin 6 13. Tapi Basin 4 14. WFR from Tadri to Kanyakumari 29 15. West flowing rivers from Tapi to Tadri 7 16. WFR of Kutchh and Saurashtra including Luni 5 Total 235

S. No. Name of Basin No. of WQ Stations 1. Ganga/Brahmaputra/Meghna/Barak Basin 185 2. Indus Basin (Chenab) 6 3. Indus Basin (Jhelum) 3 Total 194

Based upon the water quality data observed by CWC from the year 2012-13 to 2016-17, attempts has been made to analyze the status of river water in all basin except Ganga, Indus & Brahmaputra basins on the basis of one of the important water quality parameter ‘BOD’ as most of the rivers are getting polluted mainly due to untreated domestic sewerage directly finding way to rivers. The maximum BOD (mg/l) value in river water during the period 2012-13 to 2016-17 has been taken for prioritizing the river for taking action to make the river pollution free. The criteria for priority are as given below.

S. No. BOD range(mg/l) Priority 1. >30 I 2. 10 - 30 II 3. 3-10 III 4. 2-3 IV 5. <2 V

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5. Status of pollution in river water based upon BOD (mg/l) during 2012-13 to 2016-17

Sl. Name of WQ site State District River Basin Tributary Max BOD Min BOD Priority No. (mg/l) (mg/l) 1. Anandapur Odisha Keonjhar Brahmani-Baitarni Basin Baitarni 5.6 0.4 III 2. Panposh Odisha Sundergarh Brahmani-Baitarni Basin Brahmani 3.8 0.4 III 3. Talcher* Odisha Angual Brahmani-Baitarni Basin Brahmani 4.0 0.4 III 4. Tilga Jharkhand Simdega Brahmani-Baitarni Basin Brahmani/Sankh 2.0 0.2 IV 5. Gomlai Odisha Sundergarh Brahmani-Baitarni Basin Brahmani 2.6 0.4 IV 6. Jenapur Odisha Jajpur Brahmani-Baitarni Basin Brahmani 2.4 0.4 IV 7. Altuma Odisha Dhenkanal Brahmani-Baitarni Basin Brahmani/Ramayala 0.0 0.0 V 8. Champua Odisha Keonjhar Brahmani-Baitarni Basin Baitarni 0.0 0.0 V 9. Jarikela Odisha Sundergarh Brahmani-Baitarni Basin Brahmani/Koel 1.8 0.4 V 10. T.Bekuppe Karnataka Ramanagaram Cauvery Basin Cauvery/Arkavathi 21.5 5.9 II 11. T.K. Halli Karnataka Cauvery Basin Cauvery/Shimsha 4.0 0.6 III 12. Elunuthimanagalam Tamilnadu Cauvery Basin Cauvery/Noyyal 6.1 2.1 III 13. Tamilnadu Erode Cauvery Basin Cauvery 8.0 1.5 III 14. Musiri Tamilnadu Thiruchirapalli Cauvery Basin Cauvery 3.7 1.2 III 15. Nallammaranpatty Tamilnadu Cauvery Basin Cauvery/Amaravathi 5.7 3.7 III 16. Savandapur Tamilnadu Erode Cauvery Basin Cauvery/Bhavani 4.3 1.1 III 17. Urachikottai Tamilnadu Erode Cauvery Basin Cauvery 7.3 2.5 III 18. Karnataka Hassan Cauvery Basin Cauvery/Hemavathi 2.6 0.4 IV 19. Annavasal Pondicherry Cauvery Basin Cauvery/Nattar 2.0 0.7 IV 20. Nallathur Pondicherry Karaikal Cauvery Basin Cauvery/Nandalar 2.6 1.1 IV 21. Biligundullu Tamilnadu /Krishnagiri Cauvery Basin Cauvery 2.6 0.7 IV 22. Gopurajapuram Tamilnadu Cauvery Basin Cauvery/Puravidlyanar 2.2 0.9 IV 23. Menangudi Tamilnadu Cauvery Basin Cauvery/Noolar 2.2 0.9 IV 24. Peralam Tamilnadu Thiruvarur Cauvery Basin Cauvery/Vanjiyar 2.7 0.9 IV 25. Porakudi Tamilnadu Nagapattinam Cauvery Basin Cauvery/Arasalar 2.6 0.7 IV 26. Thengudi Tamilnadu Thiruvarur Cauvery Basin Cauvery/Thirumalairajanar 2.7 0.9 IV 27. Thengumarahada Tamilnadu Nilgiris Cauvery Basin Cauvery/Bhavani/Moyar 2.7 0.4 IV 28. Akkihebbal Karnataka Mandya Cauvery Basin Cauvery/ Hemavathi 1.4 0.4 V 29. Bendrahalli Karnataka Chamarajana Cauvery Basin Cauvery/Suvamavathi 0.0 0.0 V 16

Sl. Name of WQ site State District River Basin Tributary Max Min Priority No. BOD BOD (mg/l) (mg/l) 30. Chuchankatte Karnataka Cauvery Basin Cauvery 0.0 0.0 V 31. K.M. Vadi Karnataka Mysore Cauvery Basin Cauvery/Lakshmantirtha 0.0 0.0 V 32. Kollegai Karnataka Chamarajana Cauvery Basin Cauvery 1.6 0.4 V 33. Kudige Karnataka Coorg Cauvery Basin Cauvery 1.2 0.2 V 34. Kudlur Karnataka Chamarajanagara Cauvery Basin Cauvery/Palar 1.9 1.9 V 35. M.H. Halli Karnataka Hassan Cauvery Basin Cauvery/Hemavathi 1.1 0.7 V 36. T. Narasipur Karnataka Mysore Cauvery Basin Cauvery/Kabini 1.8 0.4 V 37. Thimmanahalli Karnataka Hassan Cauvery Basin Cauvery/Yagachi 0.0 0.0 V 38. Muthankera Kerala Wynad Cauvery Basin Cauvery/ Kabini 1.8 0.4 V 39. Hogenakkal Tamilnadu Dharmapuri Cauvery Basin Cauvery/Chinnar 0.0 0.0 V 40. Nellithurai Tamilnadu Coimbatore Cauvery Basin Cauvery/Bhavani 1.7 0.2 V 41. Sevanur Tamilnadu Erode Cauvery Basin Cauvery/Chittar 0.0 0.0 V 42. Thevur Tamilnadu Salem Cauvery Basin Cauvery/Sarabenga 0.0 0.0 V 43. Tamilnadu Salem Cauvery Basin Cauvery/Thoppaiyar 0.0 0.0 V 44. Gummanur Tamilnadu Dharmapuri EFR between Pennar and Kanyakumari Ponnoiyar 18.3 2.1 II 45. Murappanadu Tamilnadu Tuticorin EFR between Pennar and Kanyakumari Tambraparani 3.3 1.0 III 46. Sulurpet Andhra Pradesh Nellore EFR between Pennar and Kanyakumari Kalingi 2.0 1.3 IV 47. Arcot Tamilnadu EFR between Pennar and Kanyakumari Palar 2.4 1.1 IV 48. Chengalpet Tamilnadu Kacheepuram EFR between Pennar and Kanyakumari Palar 2.4 0.7 IV 49. Kudalaiyathur Tamilnadu Cuddalore EFR between Pennar and Kanyakumari Vellar 2.2 1.3 IV 50. Magaral Tamilnadu Kacheepuram EFR between Pennar and Kanyakumari Palar/Cheyyar 2.0 0.9 IV 51. Theni Tamilnadu Theni EFR between Pennar and Kanyakumari Vaigai/Suruliar 2.1 0.6 IV 52. Vazhavachanur Tamilnadu Thiruvannamalai EFR between Pennar and Kanyakumari Ponnaiyar 2.4 0.6 IV 53. Villupuram Tamilnadu Villupuram EFR between Pennar and Kanyakumari Ponnaiyar 2.7 1.8 IV 54. Naidupet Andhra Pradesh Nellore EFR between Pennar and Kanyakumari Swarnamukhi 1.8 1.3 V 55. Kumarapalayam Pondicherry Pondicherry EFR between Pennar and Kanyakumari Varahanadhi 1.5 1.5 V 56. A.P. Puram Tamilnadu Tirunelveli EFR between Pennar and Kanyakumari Tambraparni/Chittar 0.0 0.0 V 57. Ambasamudram Tamilnadu Theni EFR between Pennar and Kanyakumari Vaigai 0.0 0.0 V 58. Avarankuppam Tamilnadu Vellore EFR between Pennar and Kanyakumari Palar 0.0 0.0 V 59. Irrkkankudi Tamilnadu Virudhunaga EFR between Pennar and Kanyakumari Vaippar 0.0 0.0 V 60. Paramakudi Tamilnadu Ramanathapuram EFR between Pennar and Kanyakumari Vaigai 0.0 0.0 V

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Sl. Name of WQ site State District River Basin Tributary Max Min Priority No. BOD BOD (mg/l) (mg/l) 61. Keolari Madhya Pradesh Seoni Godavari Basin Godavari/Pranhita/Wainganga 45.0 1.2 I 62. Kumhari Madhya Pradesh Balaghat Godavari Basin Godavari/Pranhita/Wainganga 45.0 1.0 I 63. Ashti Maharashtra Gadchiroli Godavari Basin Godavari/Pranhita/Wainganga/Wainganga 40.0 1.0 I 64. Bamni Maharashtra Chandrapur Godavari Basin Godavari/Pranhita/Wardha 225.0 1.6 I 65. Nandgaon Maharashtra Wardha Godavari Basin Godavari/Pranhita/Wunna 105.0 1.3 I 66. P.G.Bridge Maharashtra Yeotmal Godavari Basin Godavari/Pranhita/Penganga 50.0 1.7 I 67. Pauni Maharashtra Yeotmal Godavari Basin Godavari/Pranhita/Wainganga/Wainganga 50.0 1.6 I 68. Satrapur Maharashtra Nagpur Godavari Basin Godavari/Pranhita/Kanhan 45.0 1.5 I 69. Sirpur Maharashtra Gadchiroli Godavari Basin Godavari/Pranhita/Wardha 55.0 1.4 I 70. Tekra Maharashtra Gadchiroli Godavari Basin Godavari/Pranhita/Pranhita 45.0 1.0 I 71. Bhatpalli Telangana Adilabad Godavari Basin Godavari/Pranhita/Pedavagu 40.0 1.1 I 72. Rajegaon Madhya Pradesh Balaghat Godavari Basin Godavari/Pranhita/Bagh 15.0 1.0 II 73. Ramakona Madhya Pradesh Chindawara Godavari Basin Godavari/Pranhita/Kanhan 25.0 1.0 II 74. Hivra Maharashtra Wardha Godavari Basin Godavari/Pranhita/Wardha 25.0 1.2 II 75. Wairagarh Maharashtra Gadchiroli Godavari Basin Godavari/Pranhita/Khobragarhi 25.0 1.2 II 76. Konta Chhattishgarh Dantewara Godavari Basin Godavari/Sabari 3.0 0.4 III 77. Polavaram Andhra Pradesh West Godavari Godavari Basin Godavari 2.2 0.2 IV 78. Chhattishgarh Bastar Godavari Basin Godavari/Indravati 2.5 0.3 IV 79. Mancherial Telangana Adilabad Godavari Basin Godavari 2.1 0.6 IV 80. Perur Telangana Khammam Godavari Basin Godavari 2.7 0.2 IV 81. Pathagudem Chhattishgarh Dantewara Godavari Basin Godavari/Indravati 1.2 0.2 V 82. Saigaon Karnataka Godavari Basin Godavari/Manjira 0.0 0.0 V 83. Betmogrra Maharashtra Godavari Basin Manjira 0.0 0.0 V 84. Degloor Maharashtra Nanded Godavari Basin Godavari/Manjira/Lendi 0.0 0.0 V 85. Dhalegaon Maharashtra Parbhani Godavari Basin Godavari 0.0 0.0 V 86. G.R.Bridge Maharashtra Parbhani Godavari Basin Godavari 0.0 0.0 V 87. Kopergaon Maharashtra Godavari Basin Godavari 0.9 0.3 V 88. Nanded Maharashtra Nanded Godavari Basin Godavari 0.0 0.0 V 89. Pachegaon Maharashtra Ahmednagar Godavari Basin Godavari/Pravara 1.8 0.3 V 90. Purna Maharashtra Parbhani Godavari Basin Godavari/Purna 0.0 0.0 V 91. Yelli Maharashtra Nanded Godavari Basin Godavari 0.0 0.0 V

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Sl. Name of WQ site State District River Basin Tributary Max Min Priority No. BOD BOD (mg/l) (mg/l) 92. Nowrangpur Odisha Nowrangpur Godavari Basin Godavari/Indravati 1.8 0.2 V 93. Bhadrachalam Telangana Khammam Godavari Basin Godavari 2.0 0.4 V 94. Gandlapet Telangana Nizamabad Godavari Basin Godavari/ 0.0 0.0 V Peddavagu 95. Sangam (Kinneraasani) Telangana Khammam Godavari Basin Godavari/Kinnerasani 1.0 0.1 V 96. Bawapuram Andhra Pradesh Kurnool Krishna Basin Krishna/Tungabhadra 3.7 1.0 III 97. Keesara Andhra Pradesh Krishna Krishna Basin Krishna/Munneru 4.1 1.0 III 98. Huvinhedigi Karnataka Raichur Krishna Basin Krishna 3.4 0.3 III 99. Malkhed Karnataka Pgulbarga Krishna Basin Krishna/Bhima/Kagna 8.0 0.1 III 100. Dameracherla Telangana Nalgonda Krishna Basin Krishna/Musi 3.7 0.7 III 101. Madhira Telangana Khammam Krishna Basin Krishna/Munneru/Wyra 3.1 0.3 III 102. Mantralayam Andhra Pradesh Kurnool Krishna Basin krishna/Tungabhadra 2.9 0.7 IV 103. Falls (Seasonal) Karnataka Belgaum Krishna Basin Krishna/Ghataprabha 2.3 0.6 IV 104. T. Ramapuram (Seasonal) Karnataka Bellary Krishna Basin Krishna/Tungabhadra/Hagari 2.8 0.4 IV 105. Yadgir Karnataka Gulbarga Krishna Basin Krishna/Bhima 2.7 1.8 IV 106. Halia Telangana Nalgonda Krishna Basin Krishna/Halia 2.1 0.8 IV 107. Wadenapally Telangana Nalgonda Krishna Basin Krishna 2.5 0.3 IV 108. Paleru Bridge Andhra Pradesh Krishna Krishna Basin Krishna/Paleru 0.8 0.4 V 109. Andhra Pradesh Krishna Krishna Basin Krishna 0.0 0.0 V 110. Byaladahalli Karnataka Davangere Krishna Basin Krishna/Tungabhadra/Haridra 0.0 0.0 V 111. Harlahalli Karnataka Havari Krishna Basin Krishna/Tungabhadra 0.0 0.0 V 112. Holehonnur Karnataka Shimoga Krishna Basin Krishna/Tungabhadra 0.0 0.0 V 113. Honnali Karnataka Davangere Krishna Basin Krishna/Tungabhadra 0.0 0.0 V 114. Hoovinahole Karnataka Chitradurga Krishna Basin Krishna/Swarnamukhi 0.0 0.0 V 115. Kellodu Karnataka Chitradurga Krishna Basin Krishna/Tungabhadra/Vedavathi 0.0 0.0 V 116. Kuppelur Karnataka Haveri Krishna Basin Krishna/Tungabhadra/Kumudavathi 0.0 0.0 V 117. Marol Karnataka Haveri Krishna Basin Krishna/Tungabhadra/ 0.0 0.0 V 118. Shimoga Karnataka Shimoga Krishna Basin Krishna/Tungabhadra/Tunga 0.0 0.0 V 119. Cholachguda (Seasonal) Karnataka Bijapur Krishna Basin Krishna/Malaprabha 0.0 0.0 V 120. Arjunwad (Seasonal) Maharashtra Kolhapur Krishna Basin Krishna 1.7 0.8 V 121. Karad Maharashtra Satara Krishna Basin Krishna 0.8 0.8 V

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Sl. Name of WQ site State District River Basin Tributary Max Min Priority No. BOD BOD (mg/l) (mg/l) 122. Kurundwad Maharashtra Kolhapur Krishna Basin Krishna 1.7 0.6 V 123. Phulgaon Maharashtra Pune Krishna Basin Krishna/Bhima 1.1 1.1 V (Seasonal) 124. Samdoli (Seasonal) Maharashtra Sangli Krishna Basin Krishna/Varna 1.0 0.5 V 125. Sarati Maharashtra Pune Krishna Basin Krishna/Bhima/Nira 0.0 0.0 V 126. Takli Maharashtra Sholapur Krishna Basin Krishna/Bhima 0.0 0.0 V 127. Warunji Maharashtra Satara Krishna Basin Krishna/Koyna 1.0 1.0 V 128. Ghatora Chhattishgarh Bilaspur Mahanadi Basin Mahanadi/Seonath 24.8 1.3 II 129. Manendragarh Chhattishgarh Koriya Mahanadi Basin Mahanadi/Hasdeo 21.0 1.1 II 130. Andhiyar Khore Chhattishgarh Mahanadi Basin Mahanadi/Seonath/Arpa 7.2 0.5 III 131. Bamnidhi Chhattishgarh Janjgir-champa Mahanadi Basin Mahanadi/Hasdeo 6.6 0.1 III 132. Pathardihi Chhattishgarh Mahanadi Basin Mahanadi/Seonath/Kharun 4.1 0.9 III 133. Rajim Chhattishgarh Raipur Mahanadi Basin Mahanadi 4.3 0.9 III 134. Rampur Chhattishgarh Raipur Mahanadi Basin Mahanadi/Jonk 3.5 0.7 III 135. Simga Chhattishgarh Raipur Mahanadi Basin Mahanadi/Seonath 3.4 0.7 III 136. Kesinga Odisha Kalahandi Mahanadi Basin Mahanadi/Tel 4.9 0.1 III 137. Jondhra Chhattishgarh Bilaspur Mahanadi Basin Mahanadi/Seonath 2.7 0.4 IV 138. Salebhata Odisha Balangir Mahanadi Basin Mahanadi/Ong 2.3 0.3 IV 139. Sundergarh Odisha Sundergarh Mahanadi Basin Mahanadi/Ib 2.4 0.2 IV 140. Tikarpara Odisha Angul Mahanadi Basin Mahanadi 2.2 0.6 IV 141. Baronda Chhattishgarh Raipur Mahanadi Basin Mahanadi/Pairi 1.7 0.5 V 142. Basantpur Chhattishgarh Janjgir-champa Mahanadi Basin Mahanadi 1.9 0.2 V 143. Kotni Chhattishgarh Durg Mahanadi Basin Mahanadi/Seonath 0.0 0.0 V 144. Kurubhata Chhattishgarh Mahanadi Basin Mahanadi/Mand 1.8 0.3 V 145. Seorinarayan Chhattishgarh Janjgir-champa Mahanadi Basin Mahanadi 0.0 0.0 V 146. Kantamal Odisha Boudh Mahanadi Basin Mahanadi/Tel 1.6 0.1 V 147. Khanpur Gujarat Anand Mahi Basin Mahi 5.0 2.7 III 148. Mataji Madhya Pradesh Ratlam Mahi Basin Mahi 4.2 2.5 III 149. Paderdibadi Rajasthan Dungarpur Mahi Basin Mahi 6.1 1.9 III 150. Rangeli Rajasthan Dungarpur Mahi Basin Mahi/som 4.7 2.0 III 151. Bamni Madhya Pradesh Mandla Narmada Basin Narmada/Banjar 7.0 0.5 III

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Sl. Name of WQ site State District River Basin Tributary Max Min Priority No. BOD BOD (mg/l) (mg/l) 152. Chhidgaon Madhya Pradesh Harda Narmada Basin Narmada/Ganjal 3.4 0.6 III 153. Dindori Madhya Pradesh Dindori Narmada Basin Narmada 3.5 0.8 III 154. Gadarwara Madhya Pradesh Narsinghpur Narmada Basin Narmada/Sakkar 3.0 0.5 III 155. Kogaon Madhya Pradesh Khargone Narmada Basin Narmada/Kundi 3.3 0.7 III 156. Patan Madhya Pradesh Jabalpur Narmada Basin Narmada/Hiran 3.9 0.7 III 157. Garudeshwar Gujarat Narmada Narmada Basin Narmada 2.8 0.5 IV 158. Bamanghat Madhya Pradesh Narsinghpur Narmada Basin Narmada 2.7 0.6 IV 159. Belkhedi Madhya Pradesh Narsinghpur Narmada Basin Narmada/Sher 2.0 0.8 IV 160. Mandleshwar Madhya Pradesh Khargone Narmada Basin Narmada 2.5 0.6 IV 161. Manot Madhya Pradesh Mandla Narmada Basin Narmada 2.6 0.5 IV 162. Sandia Madhya Pradesh Hoshangabad Narmada Basin Narmada 2.3 0.6 IV 163. Chanwada Gujarat Vadodara Narmada Basin Narmada/Orsang 0.8 0.5 V 164. Dhulsar Madhya Pradesh Dhar Narmada Basin Narmada/Uri 1.4 0.9 V 165. Handia Madhya Pradesh Harda Narmada Basin Narmada 1.9 0.5 V 166. Hoshangabad Madhya Pradesh Hoshangabad Narmada Basin Narmada 1.7 0.5 V 167. Mohgaoan Madhya Pradesh Mandla Narmada Basin Narmada/Burhner 1.7 0.4 V 168. Pati Madhya Pradesh Barwani Narmada Basin Narmada/Goi 1.3 0.5 V 169. Vautha Gujarat Sabarmati Basin Sabarmati 63.0 17.4 I 170. Derol Bridge Gujarat Sabarkantha Sabarmati Basin Sabarmati 3.8 1.6 III 171. Ratanpur Gujarat Kheda Sabarmati Basin Sabarmati/Watrak 0.0 0.0 V 172. Adityapur Jharkhand Purba Singhbhum Subernarekha Basin Subernarekha/Kharkai 99.0 0.4 I 173. Jamshedpur Jharkhand Purba Singhbhum Subernarekha Basin Subernarekha 59.0 0.3 I 174. Muri Jharkhand Ranchi Subernarekha Basin Subernarekha 19.9 0.4 II 175. Ghatsila Jharkhand Purba Singhbhum Subernarekha Basin Subernarekha 2.8 0.4 IV 176. Govindapur Odisha Balasore Subernarekha Basin Burhabalang 0.0 0.0 V 177. Jamsholaghat Odisha Mayurbhanj Subernarekha Basin Subernarekha 1.4 0.2 V 178. Motinaroli Gujarat Surat Tapi Basin Kim (Indepent River) 4.9 0.6 III 179. Burhanpur Madhya Pradesh Tapi Basin Tapi 4.8 0.8 III 180. Gopalkheda Maharashtra Akola Tapi Basin Tapi/Purna 2.2 0.6 IV 181. Sarangkheda Maharashtra Tapi Basin Tapi 0.0 0.0 V 182. Kuniyil Kerala Malappuram WFR from Tadri to Kanyakumari Chaliyar 4.2 0.4 III

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Sl. Name of WQ site State District River Basin Tributary Max Min Priority No. BOD BOD (mg/l) (mg/l) 183. Karathodu Kerala Malappuram WFR from Tadri to Kanyakumari kadalundi 2.4 0.2 IV 184. Kumbidi Kerala Palakkad WFR from Tadri to Kanyakumari Bharathapuzha 2.2 0.2 IV 185. Malakkara Kerala pathanamthitt WFR from Tadri to Kanyakumari Pamba 2.6 0.4 IV 186. Thumpamon Kerala pathanamthitt WFR from Tadri to Kanyakumari Pampa/Achankovil 2.0 0.8 IV 187. Addoor Karnataka South karnataka WFR from Tadri to Kanyakumari Gurupur 0.0 0.0 V 188. Avershe Karnataka WFR from Tadri to Kanyakumari Sita 0.6 0.2 V 189. Bantwal Karnataka South Kanara WFR from Tadri to Kanyakumari Nethravathi 0.9 0.4 V 190. Haladi Karnataka Udupi WFR from Tadri to Kanyakumari Haladi 1.2 0.4 V 191. Santeguli Karnataka North Kanara WFR from Tadri to Kanyakumari Aghanashini 0.0 0.0 V 192. Yennehole Karnataka Uhupi WFR from Tadri to Kanyakumari Swarna/Yennehole 0.0 0.0 V 193. Arangaly Kerala Trichur WFR from Tadri to Kanyakumari Periyar/Chalakudy 1.6 0.4 V 194. Ayilam Kerala Thiruvananth WFR from Tadri to Kanyakumari Vamanapuram 1.6 0.2 V 195. Erinjipuzha Kerala Kasargood WFR from Tadri to Kanyakumari Payaswani 1.6 0.6 V 196. Kalampur Kerala Emakulam WFR from Tadri to Kanyakumari Muvattupuzha/Kaliyar 1.0 0.2 V 197. Kallooppara Kerala pathanamthitt WFR from Tadri to Kanyakumari Pamba 1.8 0.1 V 198. Kidangoor Kerala kottayam WFR from Tadri to Kanyakumari Meenachi 1.6 0.2 V 199. Kuttyadi Kerala Kozhikode WFR from Tadri to Kanyakumari Kuttyadi 1.4 0.6 V 200. Mankara Kerala Palakkad WFR from Tadri to Kanyakumari Bharathapuzha 1.4 0.6 V 201. Neeleswaram Kerala Emakulam WFR from Tadri to Kanyakumari Periyar 1.6 0.4 V 202. Pattazhy Kerala Quilon WFR from Tadri to Kanyakumari Kallada 1.2 0.2 V 203. Perumannu Kerala Cannanore WFR from Tadri to Kanyakumari Valapatnam 1.0 0.2 V 204. Pudur Kerala Palakkad WFR from Tadri to Kanyakumari Bharathapuzha/Kannadipuzha 1.2 0.1 V 205. Pulamanthole Kerala Palakkad WFR from Tadri to Kanyakumari Bharathapuzha/Pulanthodu 1.8 0.8 V 206. Ramamangalam Kerala Emakulam WFR from Tadri to Kanyakumari Muvattupuzha 1.8 0.1 V 207. Vandiperiyar Kerala Idukki WFR from Tadri to Kanyakumari Periyar 1.6 0.4 V 208. Ambarampalayam Tamilnadu Coimbatore WFR from Tadri to Kanyakumari Bharathapuzha/Aliyar 1.8 0.6 V 209. Ashramam Tamilnadu Knayakumari WFR from Tadri to Kanyakumari Pazhayar 0.0 0.0 V 210. Kuzhithurai Tamilnadu Knayakumari WFR from Tadri to Kanyakumari THambraparni 0.0 0.0 V 211. Pingalwada Gujarat Vadodara West flowing rivers from Tapi to Tadri Dhadhar 10.0 1.4 II 212. Gadat Gujarat Navsari West flowing rivers from Tapi to Tadri Ambika 2.7 0.8 IV 213. Badlapur Maharashtra Thane West flowing rivers from Tapi to Tadri Ulhas 2.0 0.6 IV

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Sl. Name of WQ site State District River Basin Tributary Max Min Priority No. BOD BOD (mg/l) (mg/l) 214. Durvesh Maharashtra Thane West flowing rivers from Tapi to Tadri Vaitarna 2.8 0.7 IV 215. Mahuwa Gujarat Surat West Flowing rivers from Tapi to Tadri Purna 1.8 0.7 V 216. Belne Bridge Maharashtra Sindudurg West flowing rivers from Tapi to Tadri Gad 1.4 0.5 V 217. Mangaon (Seasonal) Maharashtra Raigarh West flowing rivers from Tapi to Tadri Savitri/kal 1.1 0.5 V 218. Ganod Gujarat Rajkot WFR of Kutchh and Saurashtra including Luni Bhadar 17.4 2.3 II 219. Abu Road Rajasthan Sirohi WFR of Kutchh and Saurashtra including Luni Banas 17.4 3.9 II 220. Kamalpur Gujarat Banaskantha WFR of Kutchh and Saurashtra including Luni Banas 7.4 1.8 III 221. Lowara Gujarat Bhavnagar WFR of Kutchh and Saurashtra including Luni shetruni 4.4 1.5 III 222. Chitrasani Gujarat Banaskantha WFR of Kutchh and Saurashtra including Luni Banas/Balaram 1.9 1.0 V

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6. Water Quality Hot Spots on Rivers, probable source of pollution and required capacity of STP to make the river clean upto its self cleaning capacity/level

The CPCB has identified the rivers stretches which are most polluted based upon the BOD data observed by them during the year 2009-2012, which are marked on each map. The water quality hot spot stations based upon the maximum BOD(mg/l) data observed by CWC during the 2012-13 to 2016-17, probable city/town as source of polluting the river water at the hot spot locations, STPs installed/being installed under NRCP etc are marked on the map of each river basins which are as given below. Location of STP proposed by CWC has also been marked on maps. There is no data available about STPs proposed by SPCB and local authorities. Therefore, any finalisation of STPs

As per the law of land, industries are required to install STP/ETPs in their premises at their own cost. Therefore, it is considered that no separate ETP/STP will be required to be installed by govt. for treatment of industrial effluent.

7. Observations The primary reason for major sources of pollution in rivers are industry, agriculture and domestic wastes directly finding way to rivers. Industries and cities have historically been located along rivers because the rivers provide transportation and have traditionally been a convenient place to discharge waste. Agricultural activities have tended to be concentrated near rivers, because river floodplains are exceptionally fertile due to the many nutrients that are deposited in the soil when the river overflows. Other Non-point sources of pollution are:

a. Natural contaminants such as dry leaves, dead insects and animals, bird droppings etc. b. Agricultural contaminants such as agricultural runoff containing fertilizers, pesticides etc. The fertilizers and pesticides can be washed through the soil by rain, to end up in rivers. c. Industrial contaminants such as industrial runoff containing industrial wastes. d. Microbial contaminants such as faecal & Total Coliform, and e. Human added contaminants such as organic matter through domestic discharges. Based upon the analysis presented in the report, state wise water quality hot spots on rivers are as 24

7.1. Andhra Pradesh (Plate 1)

STP installed Probable Source Populatio Capacity near by Sl. Name of WQ Max BOD of Pollution (City/ n as per of STP District River Basin Trib Priority polluted No. site (mg/l) Industry/Town in 2011 required site vicinity to river) Census (MLD) under NRCP Yemmiganur, Bawapuram Kurnool Krishna Basin Krishna/Tungabhadra 3.7 III 95149 12 1 Fertilizers Industry Nandigama, Centine Keesara Krishna Krishna Basin Krishna/Munneru 4.1 III 44359 6 2 Beer Factory

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7.2. Chhattisgarh (Plate 2)

STP installe Probable Source of Populatio d near Capacity Max S. Name of WQ Pollution (City/ n as per by of STP District River Basin Trib BOD Priority No. site Industry/Town in 2011 pollute required (mg/l) vicinity to river) Census d site (MLD) under NRCP Raipur, Oil and Paint Mahanadi 1 Pathardihi Raipur Mahanadi/Seonath/Kharun 4.1 III Industries, Steel and 1010087 126 Basin Rubber Industries Janjgir- Mahanadi Champa, Mining 2 Bamnidhi Mahanadi/Hasdeo 6.6 III 211189 26 champa Basin Industries Mahanadi Kawardha, Tiles and 3 Andhiyar Khore Durg Mahanadi/Seonath/Arpa 7.2 III 45451 6 Basin Marble Industries Mahanadi Manendragarh, Agro 4 Manendragarh Koriya Mahanadi/Hasdeo 21.0 II 33071 4 Basin Industry Godavari 5 Konta Dantewara Godavari/Sabari 3.0 III Malkangiri 31007 4 Basin Mahanadi Gobra Nowapara, 6 Rajim Raipur Mahanadi 4.3 III 29315 4 Basin Cement Industry Mahanadi 7 Rampur Raipur Mahanadi/Jonk 3.5 III Deori, Mining Industry 23812 3 Basin Mahanadi Bilaspur, Ceramic and 8 Ghatora Bilaspur Mahanadi/Seonath 24.8 II 13654 2 Basin Marble Industries Mahanadi Simga, Durg, Fertilizers 9 Simga Raipur Mahanadi/Seonath 3.4 III 13137 2 Basin and Chemicals Industries

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7.3. Gujarat (Plate 3)

STP installe Probable Source of Population d near Capacity Max BOD Pollution (City/ as per by of STP S.No. Name of WQ site District River Basin Trib Priority (mg/l) Industry/Town in vicinity 2011 polluted required to river) Census site (MLD) under NRCP Ahmedabad, Chemical 1 Vautha Kheda Sabarmati Basin Sabarmati 63.0 I 5577940 232 696 Industries Vadodra, Chemical, Agro- West flowing rivers 2 Pingalwada Vadodara Dhadhar 10.0 II Chemical and Biochemical 4157568 519 from Tapi to Tadri Industries 3 Khanpur Anand Mahi Basin Mahi 5.0 III Anand 633793 79

West flowing rivers of Kutchh and Deesa, Palanpur, Agro and 4 Kamalpur Banaskantha Banas 7.4 III 271493 34 Saurashtra including Pharmaceutical Industries Luni Himatnagar, Chemical and 5 Derol Bridge Sabarkantha Sabarmati Basin Sabarmati 3.8 III 81137 10 Agro Industry, Oil Mills West flowing rivers of Kutchh and Upleta, Agro and 6 Ganod Rajkot Bhadar 17.4 II 80105 10 Saurashtra including Minechemical Industries Luni West flowing rivers of Kutchh and Palitana, Steel and Plastic 7 Lowara Bhavnagar shetruni 4.4 III 64101 8 Saurashtra including Industries Luni Kim Kosamba, Steel and Rubber 8 Motinaroli Surat Tapi Basin (Indepent 4.9 III 50568 6 Industry River)

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7.4. Jharkhand (Plate 4)

STP installed Probable Source of Population near by Capacity S. Name of WQ Max BOD Pollution (City/ as per polluted of STP District River basin Trib Priority No. site (mg/l) Industry/Town in 2011 site as per required vicinity to river) Census available (MLD) information (NRCP) Jamshedpur, Steel Purba Subernarekha Jamshedpur Subernarekha 59.0 I Industry, Chemical 1337131 167 1 Singhbhum Basin Industry

Ranchi, Muri, Subernarekha Muri Ranchi Subernarekha 19.9 II Pharmaceutical and 1120374 140 2 Basin Agro Industries

Purba Subernarekha Adityapur, Adityapur Adityapur Subernarekha/Kharkai 99.0 I 174355 22 3 Singhbhum Basin Industrial Area

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7.5. Karnataka (Plate 5)

STP installed Probable Source of Population Capacity near by S. Max BOD Pollution (City/ as per of STP Name of WQ site District River Basin Trib Priority polluted No. (mg/l) Industry/Town in 2011 required site vicinity to river) Census (MLD) under NRCP

Bangalore, Electronic T.Bekuppe Ramanagaram Cauvery Basin Cauvery/Arkavathi 21.5 II 8443675 1054 1 Industries

Kalaburagi, Cement Malkhed Pgulbarga Krishna Basin Krishna/Bhima/Kagna 8.0 III 543000 68 2 Factories Mandya, Agro and T.K. Halli Mandya Cauvery Basin Cauvery/Shimsha 4.0 III 137358 17 3 Bricks Industries, Shahapur, Cotton Huvinhedigi Raichur Krishna Basin Krishna 3.4 III 53366 7 4 Ginning Factory

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7.6. Madhya Pradesh (Plate 6)

STP installe Probable Source of Population d near Capacity Max S. Priorit Pollution (City/ as per by of STP Name of WQ site District River Basin Trib BOD No. y Industry/Town in vicinity to 2011 polluted required (mg/l) river) Census site (MLD) under NRCP 1 Patan Jabalpur Narmada Basin Narmada/Hiran 3.9 III Jabalpur 1,081,677 135

2 Burhanpur Khandwa Tapi Basin Tapi 4.8 III Burhanpur, Enzymes Industry 210891 6 26 Godavari/Pranhita/ Chhapara, Keolari , Seoni, 3 Keolari Seoni Godavari Basin 45.0 I 201598 2 25 Wainganga Mandla Godavari/Pranhita/ Lalbarra City, Chemical 4 Kumhari Balaghat Godavari Basin 45.0 I 170960 21 Wainganga Industry, Agro Industries, 5 Gadarwara Narsinghpur Narmada Basin Narmada/Sakkar 3.0 III Gadarwara 150750 19

6 Kogaon Khargone Narmada Basin Narmada/Kundi 3.3 III khargon 106,454 13

7 Mataji Ratlam Mahi Basin Mahi 4.2 III Banswara 100128 13

8 Chhidgaon Harda Narmada Basin Narmada/Ganjal 3.4 III Seoni Malwa 86195 11

Godavari/Pranhita/ Balaghat, Power Station, Paint 9 Rajegaon Balaghat Godavari Basin 15.0 II 84261 11 Bagh Manufacturing Industries 10 Bamni Mandla Narmada Basin Narmada/Banjar 7.0 III Mandla 49463 6

Godavari/Pranhita/ 11 Ramakona Chindawara Godavari Basin 25.0 II Susar, Chindwara 27459 3 Kanhan 12 Dindori Dindori Narmada Basin Narmada 3.5 III Dindori 17413 2

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7.7. Maharashtra (Plate 7)

STP installed Probable Source of Populatio Capacity Max near by S. Name of WQ River Pollution (City/ n as per of STP District Trib BOD Priority polluted No. site Basin Industry/Town in 2011 required (mg/l) site vicinity to river) Census (MLD) under NRCP Nagpur city, Kanhan, Godavari Yerkheda, Kaperkheda 1 Satrapur Nagpur Godavari/Pranhita/Kanhan 45.0 I 2405665 300 Basin Super Thermal Power Plant, Coal mines Godavari Godavari/Pranhita/Wainganga/ Gadchiroli, Ballarpur 2 Ashti Gadchiroli 40.0 I 970294 121 Basin Wainganga Paper Mill, Asthi town Godavari 3 Wairagarh Gadchiroli Godavari/Pranhita/Khobragarhi 25.0 II Gadchiroli, Agro Industry 970294 121 Basin Balharsha, Chandrapur, Godavari 4 Sirpur Gadchiroli Godavari/Pranhita/Wardha 55.0 I Oil Industry, Cement 454758 57 Basin Plant, Chemical Industry Chandrapur, Chandrapur Godavari Industrial Area, Western 5 Bamni Chandrapur Godavari/Pranhita/Wardha 225.0 I 321036 40 Basin Coal Field Mines, Bilt Paper Mill Godavari Hinganghat, RSR Mohata 6 Nandgaon Wardha Godavari/Pranhita/Wunna 105.0 I 130899 16 Basin Textile Mill Adilabad, Agro Industries, Godavari 7 P.G.Bridge Yeotmal Godavari/Pranhita/Penganga 50.0 I Cement and Pipes 117167 15 Basin Industry, Godavari Godavari/Pranhita/Wainganga/ Pauni, Umred, Power 8 Pauni Yeotmal 50.0 I 76792 10 Basin Wainganga Plants Godavari 9 Tekra Gadchiroli Godavari/Pranhita/Pranhita 45.0 I Bellampalli, Coal Mines, 66789 8 Basin Pulgaon, Industrial effluent from Pulp & Godavari 10 Hivra Wardha Godavari/Pranhita/Wardha 25.0 II Paper industry and 33925 4 Basin sewage from Municipal Councils are discharged.

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7.8. Odisa (Plate 8)

STP Probable installed Source of near by Max Pollution Population Capacity of Name of WQ polluted S. No. District River Basin Tributaries BOD Priority (City/ as per 2011 STP required site site as per (mg/l) Industry/Tow Census (MLD) available n in vicinity informatio to river) n (NRCP) Brahmani- 1 Panposh Sundergarh Brahmani 3.8 III Rourkela 552970 69 Baitarni Basin Brahmani- 2 Talcher* Angual Brahmani 4.0 III Talcher* 40841 5 Baitarni Basin Brahmani- 3 Anandapur Keonjhar Baitarni 5.6 III Anandpur 35043 4 Baitarni Basin Titlagarh, 4 Kesinga Kalahandi Mahanadi Basin Mahanadi/Tel 4.9 III Tiles Factory, 31258 4

Agro Industry

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7.9. Tamilnadu (Plate 9)

STP Probable Source of installed Capacity Max Population S. Pollution (City/ near by of STP Name of WQ site District River Basin Trib BOD Priority as per 2011 No. Industry/Town in polluted required (mg/l) Census vicinity to river) site under (MLD) NRCP Tiruppur, Textile 1 Elunuthimanagalam Erode Cauvery Basin Cauvery/Noyyal 6.1 III 877778 110 Industries Erode, Textile and 2 Kodumudi Erode Cauvery Basin Cauvery 8.0 III 498129 25 62 Weaving Industries East Flowing Tirunelveli, Metal, rivers between 3 Murappanadu Tuticorin Tambraparani 3.3 III Plastic & Chemical 473637 24 59 Pennar and Industries Kanyakumari Erode, Karur, Textile 4 Musiri Thiruchirapalli Cauvery Basin Cauvery 3.7 III and Weaving 280531 15 35 Industries Cauvery/ Dharapuram, Dyes & 5 Nallammaranpatty Karur Cauvery Basin 5.7 III 126987 16 Amaravathi Chemicals Industries East Flowing rivers between Hosur, Steel 6 Gummanur Dharmapuri Ponnoiyar 18.3 II 116821 15 Pennar and Industries Kanyakumari Gobichettapalayam, BEVERAGES, 7 Savandapur Erode Cauvery Basin Cauvery/Bhavani 4.3 III TEXTILE , WEAVING 59523 7

AND SUGAR INDUSTRIES , CHEMICAL 8 Urachikottai Erode Cauvery Basin Cauvery 7.3 III 52813 7 INDUSTRIES

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7.10. Telangana (Plate 10)

STP Probable Source installed Capacity of Population S. Max BOD of Pollution (City/ near by STP Name of WQ site District River Basin Trib Priority as per 2011 No. (mg/l) Industry/Town in polluted required Census vicinity to river) site under (MLD) NRCP Mirylaguda, 1 Dameracherla Nalgonda Krishna Basin Krishna/Musi 3.7 III Granite marble 109891 14

preparation Sirpur- Godavari/ Kaghaznagar town, 2 Bhatpalli Adilabad Godavari Basin Pranhita 40.0 I 57583 7 Sirpur Kagaznagar /Pedavagu Paper Mill Krishna/ Madhira, Power 3 Madhira Khammam Krishna Basin 3.1 III 30500 4 Munneru/Wyra Plant

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7.11. Rajasthan (Plate 11)

Probable STP Source of installed Capacity of Population S. Max BOD Pollution (City/ near by STP Name of WQ site District River Basin Trib Priority as per 2011 No. (mg/l) Industry/Town polluted required Census in vicinity to site under (MLD) river) NRCP Rangeli Dungarpur Mahi Basin Mahi/som 4.7 III Sarada 266775 33 1

WFR of Kutchh Abu Road, Abu Road Sirohi and Saurashtra Banas 17.4 II Marble 55599 7 2 including Luni Industries

Paderdibadi Dungarpur Mahi Basin Mahi 6.1 III Pratapgarh 45000 6 3

7.12. Kerela (Plate 12)

Probable STP Source of installed Capacity of Population S. Max BOD Pollution (City/ near by STP Name of WQ site District River Basin Trib Priority as per 2011 No. (mg/l) Industry/Town polluted required Census in vicinity to site under (MLD) river) NRCP West Flowing Areekode, Soad rivers from Kuniyil Malappuram Chaliyar 4.2 III and Paint 31563 4 1 Tadri to Industry Kanyakumari

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8. Actionable Points for Making Rivers Clean:

 The enforcement towards recycling and reuse of waste water after treatment should be strictly implemented for sugar factories, distilleries and proper sewage treatment plant should be made functional / constructed for sewage treatment from all urban centres, specially at Hot Spot Locations as identified and marked in the maps of various rivers given in this report.

 The drains shall discharge sufficiently treated effluent in proportion to self cleaning capacity of rivers.

 Drains of the cities shall be cleaned before monsoon and sludge needs to be disposed in eco friendly manner.

 Plastics of all types (including thermocol) shall not find its way to river through drains.

 The existing and new township under-development should be segregated and for new township urban laws should take care of proper treatments of effluent discharge and its reuse should be considered.

 Solid waste management should also be clearly supported through policy initiatives and state of art technology for converting solid waste into useful resources.

 Suitable bioremediation measures may be taken on drains of small towns and STPs may be installed at all big cities so that they shall not discharge untreated water directly to the river.

 No industrial waste (zero discharge) shall finds its way to rivers. Strict enforcement is needed in this regard.

 Provide sufficient water in the river for ecological flow and dilution. This can be made possible by:

i. Constructing storage structures at the upstream which can continuously release discharge for meeting dilution requirements. This water can also meet other requirements. ii. Improving water use efficiency so that less diversion of water is needed for consumptive usage.

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Annexure I State wise list of Polluted River Stretches as per CPCB

As per CPCB, they are monitoring 445 rivers in 29 States and 6 Union Territories in the country. There are 302 polluted river stretches on 275 rivers.

PRIORITY WISE POLLUTED RIVER STRETCHES

Table: Priority S. No. BOD range(mg/l) Priority 1. >30 I 2. 20 - 30 II 3. 10-20 III 4. 6-10 IV 5. 3-6 V

Among the 302 polluted river stretches – 34 are in Priority Class – I, 17 in Priority Class – II, 36 in Priority Class – III, 57 in Priority Class – IV and 158 are in Priority Class – V.

The State-wise number of stretches in descending order are – Maharashtra (49), (28), Madhya Pradesh (21), Gujarat (20), West Bengal (17), Karnataka (15), Kerala (13), Uttar Pradesh (13), Manipur (12), Odisha (12), (10), Jammu & Kashmir (9), Goa (8), Himachal Pradesh (8), Jharkhand (8), Rajasthan (8), Tamil Nadu (7), Telangana (7), Andhra Pradesh (6), Bihar (5), Chhattisgarh (5), Sikkim (5), Uttarakhand (5), Nagaland (3), Haryana (2), Punjab (2), (2), Daman & Diu (1) and (1).

STATE-WISE POLLUTED RIVER STRETCHES

The State-wise details of polluted rivers and category of priority classes are appended.

Andhra Pradesh - Godavari, Hundari, Krishna, Tungabhadra, Pennar and Kundu falling in priority class – V based on the level of BOD. Assam - Mora Bharali, Barak, Beki, Bharalu, Bhogdoi, Boginadi, Brahmputra, Burhidihing, Deepar Bill, Dhansiri, Digboi, Disang, Jia Bharali, Jhanji, Kalong, Kapili, Kharsang, Kohora, Kundli, Kushiara, Manas, Pagadia, Panchnai, Ranga nadi, Sankosh, Sonai, Subansiri, Kathakal. These rivers are classified in three priority classes (Class I, IV and V). Bihar - Ganga, Harbora, Manusmar, Ramrekha and Sirsia. The polluted rivers in Bihar are in 4 priority classes (Class-II, III, IV and V). Chhattisgarh - Hasdeo, Kelo, Kharoon, Mahanadi and Seonath in priority class V. Daman and Diu - Damanganga in Priority class – I 37

Delhi - in Priority class – I Goa - Mandovi, Assonora, Bicholim, Chapora, Khandepar, Mapusa, Sal and Valvant. These rivers are classified in Priority Class – III, IV and V based on the level of BOD. Gujarat - Mahi, Narmada, Ambika, Amlakhadi, Anas, Baleshwar Khadi, Bhadar, Damanganga, , Khari, Kim, Kolak, Mahi, Mindhola, Narmada, Panam, Bhogavo, Dhadar, Purna, Sabarmati, Shedi, Tapi and Triveni These rivers are classified in four priority classes (Class I, III, IV and V). Haryana - Ghaggar and Yamuna. The polluted rivers in Haryana are in 2 priority classes (Class-II and IV). Himachal Pradesh - Beas, Tons, Sirsa, Swan, Sukhana, Suketi khad, Markanda and Binwa falling in priority class I, IV and V based on the level of BOD. Jammu and Kashmir - Banganga, Basanter, Chenab, Chunt Kol, Dewak, Gawkadal, Jhelam, Liddar Nalah and Tawi. These rivers are classified in two priority classes (Class IV and V). Jharkhand - Bokaro, Damodar, Jumar, Karo, Koel, North Koel, Sankh and Subarnrekha. The polluted rivers in Jharkhand are in 2 priority classes (Class- IV and V). Karnataka - Arkavathi, Bhadra, Bhima, Cauvery, Ghatprabha, Kabini, Kagina, Kali, Krishna, Lakshmantirtha, Malprabha, Manjira, Shimsha, Tungabhadra and Tunga. These rivers are classified in priority class IV and V based on the level of BOD. Kerala - Chitrapuzha, Kadambayar, Kallai, Karamana, Keecheri, Kuppam, Manimala, Neeleswaram, Periyar, Pullur, Puzhckal, Thirur and Uppala. These rivers are classified in three priority classes (Class – I, IV and V). Madhya Pradesh - Banjar, Betwa, Bichia, Chambal, Chillar, Denwa, Gohad, Gour, Jammer, Kalisot, Khan, Kolar, Kshipra, Kunda, Malei, Narmada, , Shivna, Tapi, Tons and Wainganga. The polluted rivers in Madhya Pradesh are in 5 priority classes (Class- I, II, III, IV and V). Maharashtra - Wena, Wainganga, Godavari, Bhima, Krishna, Ulhas, Kundalika, Tapi, Girna, Panchganga, Nira, Bhatsa, Rangavali, Chandrabhaga, Vashishti, Mithi, Kanhan, Koyna, Amba, Amravati, Bindusara, Darna, Ghod, Gomai, Hiwara, Indrayani, Kan, Manjra, Mor, Morna, Mula, Mula- Mutha, Mutha, Panzara, Patalganga, Pawna, Pedhi, Pehlar, Penganga, Purna, Savitri, Sina, Surya, Urmodi, Vel, Vaitrana, Venna, Waghur and Wardha. These rivers are classified in priority class I, II, III, IV and V based on the level of BOD. Manipur - Barak, imphal, Iril, Khuga, Khujairok, Lokchao, Maha, Manipur, Nambul, Sekmai, Thoubal and Wangjing. These rivers are classified in priority class II, III, IV and V based on the level of BOD. Meghalaya- Bugi, Kynshi, Kyrhukhla, Lukha, Myndtu, Nonbah, Umkhrah, Umshyrpi, Umtrew and Wahbei. These rivers are classified in four priority classes (Class – I, III, IV and V). Nagaland - Chathe, Dhansiri and Dzu. These rivers are classified in priority class II and IV based on the level of BOD. Odisha - Brahmani, Budhalbhanga, Daya, Kathjodi, Koel, Kuakhai, Mahanadi, Nagavali, Rushikulya, Serua and Vanasdhara. The polluted rivers in Odisha are in 4 priority classes (Class- II, III, IV and V). Punjab - Ghaggar and Satluj in two priority classes (Class – I and II).

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Rajasthan - Banas, Chambal, Chappi, Ghaggar, kali sindh, Parvati, Jawai and Ujad. These rivers are classified in priority class I, II, III and V based on the level of BOD. Sikkim - Dikchu, Maney Khola, Rangit, Ranichu, Teesta. The polluted rivers in Sikkim are in priority class V. Tamil Nadu - Bhawani, Tambirapani, Palar, Sarabanga, Thirumanimuthar and Vasista. The polluted rivers in Tamil Nadu are in 3 priority classes (Class- I, II and V). Telangana - Godavari, Krishna, Manjeera, Musi, Nakkavagu, Sabari and Maner. These rivers are classified in three priority classes (Class – I, II and V). Tripura - Gumti and Haora in priority Class – V. Uttar Pradesh - Gomti, Hindon, Kalinadi, Ramganga, Rapti, Rihand, Sai, Saryu, Ganga, Yamuna and Kosi. These rivers are classified in four priority classes (Class – I, III, IV and V). Uttarakhand - Suswa, Ganga, Dhela, Bhella and Kosi. The polluted rivers in Uttarakhand are in 2 priority classes (Class- I and V). West Bengal - Barakar, Churni, Damodar, Dwarkeshwar, , Ganga, Jalangi, Kalijani, Kansi, Karola, Mahananda, Mathabhanga, Mayurkashi, Rupnarayan, Silababti, Teesta and Vindhyadhari. These rivers are classified in priority class III, IV and V based on the level of BOD.

Estimated polluted riverine length of all the priority classes putting together is 12,363 Km.

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Annexure-II Statewise details of STP capacity created/to be created in 75 towns under NRCP by MOEF&CC

Sl. Name of City State River STP Capacity No Created(MLD) 1 Rajamundry Andhra Pradesh Godavari 30.00 2 Bhadrachalam Telangana Godavari 4.00 3 Telangana Musi 593.00 4 Mancherial Telangana Godavari 6.46 5 Ramagudam Telangana Godavari 18.00 6 Pananji Goa Mandovi 12.50 7 Ahmedabad Gujarat Sabarmati 232.00 8 Surat Gujarat Mindola 53.00 9 Ghatshila Jharkhand Subarnarekha 0.00 10 Jamshedpur Jharkhand Subarnarekha 0.00 11 Ranchi Jharkhand Subarnarekha 0.00 12 Karnataka Pennar 0.00 13 Bhadravati Karnataka Bhadra 5.83 14 Devangere Karnataka Tungabhadra 19.45 15 Karnataka Tungabhadra 8.84 16 K.R. Nagar Karnataka Cauvery 1.45 17 Kollegal Karnataka Cauvery 3.34 18 Nanjangud Karnataka Cauvery 1.37 19 Shimoga Karnataka Tunga 0.00 20 Karnataka Cauvery 1.36 21 Pamba Kerala Pamba 4.50 22 Burhanpur Madhya Pradesh Tapti 6.00 23 Chapara Madhya Pradesh Wainganga 1.20 24 Hoshangabad Madhya Pradesh Narmada 0.00 25 Jabalapur Madhya Pradesh Narmada 0.00 26 Keolari Madhya Pradesh Wainganga 0.75 27 Seoni Madhya Pradesh Wainganga 0.00 28 Karad Maharashtra Krishna 28.00 29 Kohlapur Maharashtra Panchganga 78.00 30 Nanded Maharashtra Godavari 26.00 31 Nashik Maharashtra Godavari 100.00 32 Prakasha Maharashtra Tapi 0.00 33 Sangli Maharashtra Krishna 27.00 34 Trimbakeshwar Maharashtra Godavari 1.00 35 Pune Maharashtra Mula-Mutha 0.00 36 Dimapur Nagaland Dipu and Dhansir 0.00 37 Chandbali Odisha Brahmini 0.00 38 Cuttak Odisha Mahanadi 33.00 39 Dharamshala Odisha Brahmini 0.00 40 Odisha Coastal Areas 15.00 40

Sl. Name of City State River STP Capacity No Created(MLD) 41 Talcher Odisha Brahmini 0.00 42 Banga Punjab Satluj 3.00 43 Bholath Punjab Beas and Satluj 4.00 44 Dasuya Punjab Beas and Satluj 4.00 45 Hosiyarpur Punjab Beas and Satluj 30.00 46 Jalandhar Punjab Satluj 185.00 47 Kapurthala Punjab Satluj 25.00 48 Ludhiana Punjab Satluj 311.00 49 Moga Punjab Beas and Satluj 27.00 50 Mukerian Punjab Beas and Satluj 5.00 51 Nawanshehr Punjab Satluj 6.00 52 Phagwara Punjab Satluj 36.00 53 Phillaur Punjab Satluj 5.60 54 Sulthanpur Lodhi Punjab Satluj 2.60 55 Tanda Punjab Beas and Satluj 4.00 56 Khanauri Punjab Ghaghar 0.00 57 Moonak Punjab Ghaghar 0.00 58 Patran Punjab Ghaghar 0.00 59 Lehragaga Punjab Ghaghar 0.00 60 Gangtok Sikkim Ranichu 16.59 61 Ranipool Sikkim Ranichu 1.27 62 Singtom Sikkim Ranichu 0.66 63 Bhiwani Tamilnadu Cauvery 3.94 64 Chennai Tamilnadu Adyar, Cooum 264.00 65 Erode Tamilnadu Cauvery 25.17 66 Karur Tamilnadu Cauvery 15.00 67 Kumarapalayam Tamilnadu Cauvery 6.00 68 Tamilnadu Cauvery 17.00 69 Tamilnadu Vaigai 0.00 70 Tamilnadu Cauvery 8.30 71 Pallipalayam Tamilnadu Cauvery 0.00 72 Tamilnadu Vennar 28.05 73 Tirunelveli Tamilnadu Tamrabarani 24.20 74 Trichirappalli Tamilnadu Cauvery 58.00 75 Trichy Tamilnadu Cauvery 28.00

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Plates

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Plate 1

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Plate 2

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Plate 3

45

Plate 4

46

Plate 5

47

Plate6

48

Plate 7

49

Plate 8

50

Plate 9

51

Plate 10

52

Plate 11

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Plate 12

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Soft copy of this report is available at http://www.cwc.nic.in/main/webpages/publications.html

River Data Compilation-2 Directorate

West Block-1, Ground Floor

R K Puram, Delhi-110605

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