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HONEYWELL IBOO-ll A Large -Scale Scientific Processor George B. Bailey C. Norman Cannin~; William S. GrinKe r Rolf Kates William L. Mellentin Norman Nisenoff TABLE OF CONTENTS Section Pages Introduction v thru vii I Summary of Advantages I-I thru 1- 4 II Hardware Characteristics 11-1 thru 11-43 III Software Characteristics 111-1 thru 111- 21 IV Special Equipment IV-l thru IV -17 V Typical Equipment Configurations V-I thru V- 2 VI Competitive Comparisons VI-l thru VI- 2 VII Honeywell Scientific Users VII-l thru VII- 3 VIII Honeywell Capabilitie s VIII-l thru VIII-22 IX Miscellaneous iii INTRODUCTION SCIENTIFIC CONSIDERATIONS A great variety of factors determine the applicability and'utility of a Data processing System with respect to the requirements of the scientific community. Any computer, no matter how fast or large, is unfinished unless its hardware is properly complemented by a full repertoire of software that is capable of economically assimilating and solving the wide range of problems encountered in a Scientific Computing Facility. The Honeywell H-lSOO-II has made a significant break­ through in total SYSTEM'S CONCEPT by combining extremely fast Central Processor Operations, flexible peripheral Devices, completely proven and integrated SOFTWARE, and parallel Processing at a modest Systems cost. The factors that have prevented users from achieving total utility from competitive systems have been solved by the H-1800-II as follows: RAW SPEED -120,000 three address operations per second execution, the equivalent of 300,000 single address operations per second. -10 microsecond floating binary multiplication for a full 48 bit word. TURN-AROUND TIME The availability of all peripheral units to the central processor through the use of the Input Output Control Center (IOCC) and hardware parallel Processing allow AUTOMATH 1800 (FORTRAN IV) to operate in a mixture of load and go and execute later modes. This combination of hardware and software give the user IMMEDIATE turn-around. v FLEXIBILITY The hardware features of Multiprogram Control and Buffer Traffic Control combined with the ADMIRAL Master Monitor allows complete independ~nce of up to eight programs operating in parallel. Not· only are these programs scheduled and loaded by the monitor, but its Dynamic characteristics allow for immediate emergency priorities to overide the schedule, stall programs in execution, execute the priority job and restart all stalled programs after completion of the priority job. PRECISION A full 48 Bit word is utilized to provide a 40 Bit Mantissa, 7 Bit characteristic and 1 bit sign for extended floating point accuracy_ ERROR SITUATIONS The H-IBOO-II is completely error checked on all Input/ Output Operations, internal transfer and arithmetic operations. ORTHOTRONIC Control provides almost error free magnetic tape operation by automatically regenerating magnetic tape errors. All errors are isolated with hardware jumps to special error locations without altering the affected sequence counter. SOFTWARE SYSTEMS INTEGRATION All Honeywell H-IBOq-II programming Systems and Routines are completely integrated under control of the ADMIRAL Master Monitor. The ability to cOInn'unicate between systems and the high degree of documentation and standardization posture is a substantial operating advantage. INSTRUCTION REPERTOIRE A complete complement of arithmetic, logical and input/ output conunands for the binary, alpha and decimal modes. The floating point orders are extensive and include hardware conversion for both the floating binary and decimal modes. vi SPECIAL EQUIPMENT Honeywell H-1SOO-II has a hardware organization that allows for a wide variety of special equipment to be easily integrated to meet unique customer requirements. JOB COST The modest cost of the H-lBOO-II combined with its outstanding performance generates the lowest job cost of any Dat.a processing System available. Your attention is directed toward Section VI which dramatically demonstrates that the H-IBOO-II is superior on a price/power basis by at least a factor of 2.1 to lover any other presently available competitive system for a pure scientific benchmark. On a commercial benchmark of 10,000 records the H-ISOO-II scores at least 30% more economical than all competitive systems. LARGE MEMORY Up to 65,536 words of high speed core storage of 48 bits each with a 2 u s access cycle. vii SUMMARY OF ADVANTAGES SUMMARY OF ADVANTAGES THE HONEYWELL H-IBOO-II AS A SCIENTIFIC PROCESSOR The Honeywell H-IBOO-II is basically a binary fixed word length machine, each word consisting of 4B information bits and six parity bits. The fact that the H-laOO-II has a 48 bit word length and the ability to operate in the floating binary mode, as well as the floating decimal mode makes the H-IBOO-II a powerful computer for processing scientifically oriented problems. HARDWARE ADVANTAGES 1. 120,000 THREE ADDRESS OPERATIONS PER SECOND. 2 MICROSECOND ACCESS TO A FULL 48 BIT WORD 2. FAST FLOATING POINT OPERATIONS - (A 48 BIT FLOATING BINARY MULTIPLY IN 12 US) 4B BIT WORD FOR EXPANDED PRECISION IN FLOATING POINT OPERATIONS 40 BIT MANTISSA 7 BIT CHARACTERISTIC 1 BIT SIGN 3. PARALLEL PROCESSING OF UP TO EIGHT COMPLETELY INDEPENDENT PROGRAMS, CONTROLLED BY HARDWARE AND REQUIRING NO PROGRAMMING OR MASTER EXECUTIVE ROUTINE. 4. MULTIPROGRAM CONTROL DIRECTS THE TIME SHARING OF THE CENTRAL PROCESSOR FOR UP TO EIGHT ACTIVE PROGRAMS AT NO COST IN CENTRAL PROCESSOR TIME. EACH OF THE PROGRAMS PROCESSED IN PARALLEL IS ASSIGNED ONE GROUP OF SPECIAL REGISTERS IN THE CONTROL MEMORY. ONCE THE PROGRAM IS LOADED, ITS CORRESPONDING GROUP DIRECTS THE SELECTION OF INSTRUCTIONS. IN rrHIS WAY, EACH PROGRAM MAY START, PROCEED AND STOP INDEPENDENTLY OF ALL OTHER PROGRAMS. 1- 1 5. TRAFFIC CONTROL IS THE HONEYWELL 1800-11 HARDWARE ELEMENT WHICH DIRECTS THE TIME SHARING OF MEMORY BY THE TAPE AND PERIPHERAL UNITS AND THE CENTRAL PROCESSOR. THE PROVISION OF HAVING SIXTEEN INPUT/ OUTPUT CHANNELS MEANS AN UNUSUALLY WIDE RANGE OF SIMULTANEOUS PERIPHERAL OPERATIONS IS POSSIBLE. 6. FOR GREATER EFFICIENCY IN MAJOR INPUT/OUTPUT OPERATIONS, HONEYWELL OFFERS A VERSATILE CE~TRAL PROCESSOR. A KEY FEATURE OF THIS CENTRAL PROCESSOR IS AN INPUT/OUTPUT CONTROL CENTER (IOCC) THAT PROVIDES COMPLETE CONTROL FUNCTIONS FOR A CARD READER/PUNCH, A HIGH SPEED PRINTER, AND UP TO FOUR MAGNETIC TAPE UNITS. THE IOCC COMPLETELY CONTROLS THE SIMULTANEOUS OPERATION OF THE DEVICES CONNECTED TO IT, AND, IN ADDITION, IT ALLOWS THESE DEVICES TO OPERATE SIMULTANEOUSLY WITH OTHER INPUT/ OUTPUT EQUIPMENT CONNECTED TO STANDARD PERIPHERAL CONTROLS. 7. ORTHOTRONIC CONTROL IS AN EXCLUSIVE PROCESS WHICH NOT ONLY CHECKS FOR ERRORS ON TAPE AND IN PERIPHERAL COMPONENTS, BUT ACTUALLY REGENERATES INFORMATION WHICH MIGHT HAVE BECOME LOST OR DESTROYED ON THE MAGNETIC TAPE AND DISC. 8. OVERLAP OF INPUT,OUTPUT, AND COMPUTING. 9. 64 .INDEX REGISTERS AND 128 GENERAL PURPOSE REGISTERS FOR INDIRECT MEMORY ADDRESSING SEPARATE FROM MAIN MEMORY. 10. COMPLETE INTERNAL ERROR CHECKING. 11 • COMPLETE INDEPENDENCY OF PROGRAMS TO BE RUN IN PARALLEL TO THE EXTENT THAT A PROGRAM CAN BE DELETED FROM THE SCHEDULE AT RUNNING TIME WITHOUT AFFECTING OTHER PROGRAMS. 12. COMMUNICATIONS CONTROL ALLOWS THE CENTRAL PROCESSOR TO RECEIVE AND TRANSMIT DATA OVER TOLL OR LEASED WIRE CIRCUITS IN A VARIETY OF MODES. 1-2 SOFTWARE ADVAN~AGES • 1. 1000 FORTRAN IV STATEMENTS PER MINUTE COMPILATION RATE WITH AUTOMATH 1800. LOAD AND GO MODE WITH IMMEDIATE TURN AROUND EXECUTE LATER MODE PARALLEL COMPILATION AND EXECUTION DYNAMIC STORAGE ALLOCATION MEMORY OVERLAY DYNAMIC RELOCATION CODE OPTIMIZATION LOOP RESEQUENCING SUBSCRIPT OPTIMIZATION INTERSPERSED ARGUS ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE 2. ADMIRAL MASTER MONITOR FOR DYNAMIC CONTROL OF SCHEDULING, LOADING, STARTING AND EXECUTION OF ALL PROGRAMS AND SYSTEMS. 3. ARGUS (AUTOMATIC ROUTINE GENERATING AND UPDATING SYSTEM). ARGUS CONSISTS OF A MNEMONIC AND SYMBOLIC LANGUAGE FOR PROGRAM PREPARATION, AN. ASSEMBLY ROUTINE WHICH TRANSLATES THIS NOTATION INTO THE INTERNAL LANGUAGE OF THE HONEYWELL 1800-11 AND INSERTS EXiSTING SUBROUTINES AT POINTS SPECIFIED BY THE PROGRAMMER, SORT GENERATORS CAPABLE OF TAILORING A SORT ROUTINE TO A SPECIFIC SET OF INPUT DATA, AND A PROGRAM TEST SYSTEM WHICH AUTOMATICALLY EXECUTES A SERIES OF PROGRAMS TO PROVIDE EXTENSIVE INFORMATION ABOUT THEIR OPERATION. 4. EXTENSIVE SCIENTIFIC PROGRAM LIBRARY AND UTILITY SYSTEMS. 5. FACT (FULLY AUTOMATIC COMPILING TECHNIQUE) 0 FACT IS AN ENGLISH NARRATIVE WHICH IS EXTREMELY RICH IN LANGUAGE FORM FOR DATA HANDLING PROCEDURES. IT WILL GENERATE MACHINE CODE FOR ALL ASPECTS OF INPUT EDITING, DATA SORTING, FILE UPDATING, AND GENERATION OF PRINTED REPORTS. 1- 3 6. COBOL, IMPLEMENTATION OF COBOL 61 WITH FULL OPTIONS AND TAKING ADVANTAGE OF THE PARALLEL PROCESSING CAPABILITIES OF THE H-1800-II. COMPILATION WILL EXECUTE AT APPROXIMATELY 600-800 STATEMENTS PER MINUTE. 1-4 H-IBOO-II HARDWARE CHARACTERISTICS THE HONEYWELL 1800 SYSTEM The Equipment A Honeywell 1800 Electronic Data Processing System consists of a central processor plus varying types and numbers of input and output units. The programmer must know the system configuration with which he is to work. An understanding of the function of each component and its relation to the entire system will make his task easier. 1. The Central Processor (1801) The basic central processor consists of a control unit, a control or special­ register memory, an arithmetic unit, and four banks of main (or high-speed) memory, each able to store 2048 Honeywell 1800 words. (A Honeywell 1800 word is composed of 48 information bits and six checking bits.) To this basic unit, ad­ ditional memory banks can be added in modules of 8192 words up to a maximum of 65,536 words. An optional floating-point unit (1801- B, discussed below) is also available. The control unit with its control memory is the nerve center of the central processor. As the site of traffic control and multiprogram control (explained • below), it monitor s the time sharing of the entire system to achieve maximum efficiency of operation.

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