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Masterarbeit / Master's Thesis MASTERARBEIT / MASTER’S THESIS Titel der Masterarbeit / Title of the Master‘s Thesis „Cloudbasierte versus desktopbasierte Translation Memory Systeme: SDL Trados Studio 2015 und MemSource im Vergleich“ verfasst von / submitted by Iris Rinner angestrebter akademischer Grad / in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts (MA) Wien, 2016 / Vienna 2016 Studienkennzahl lt. Studienblatt / A 060 348 342 degree programme code as it appears on the student record sheet: Studienrichtung lt. Studienblatt / Masterstudium Übersetzen Italienisch Englisch degree programme as it appears on Master Programme in Translation Italian English the student record sheet: Betreut von / Supervisor: Univ.-Prof. Mag. Dr. Gerhard Budin Für meine Familie Danksagung An dieser Stelle möchte ich mich bei all jenen bedanken, die mich während meines Studiums und der Verfassung dieser Masterarbeit unterstützt und ermutigt haben. Bei Herrn Univ.-Prof. Mag. Dr. Gerhard Budin bedanke ich mich für die Vergabe und die fachliche Betreuung der Masterarbeit. Aufrichtiger Dank gilt meinen Eltern, Rudolf Rinner und Dorotea Dall´Acqua, die mich im Laufe meines Studiums immer finanziell unterstützt haben und mir liebevoll zur Seite gestanden sind. Auch bedanke ich mich bei meinen Geschwistern und deren Familie, die mich stets positiv motiviert haben. Des Weiteren bedanke ich mich bei all meinen Freunden und Freundinnen, die mich mit ihrer Geduld und Kraft durch diese besondere Phase des Studiums begleitet haben. Inhaltsverzeichnis Abbildungsverzeichnis .............................................................................................................. i Tabellenverzeichnis................................................................................................................ iii 0 Einleitung .......................................................................................................................... 1 1 Der Translationsmarkt im Wandel ................................................................................. 5 1.1 Globalisierung und Translation ................................................................................... 5 1.2 Digitalisierung und Translation ................................................................................... 6 2 Translationstechnologien ................................................................................................. 8 2.1 Traditional Human Translation ................................................................................... 8 2.2 Fully Automatic High Quality Translation (FAHQT) ................................................ 9 2.3 Machine-Aided Human Translation (MAHT .............................................................. 9 2.4 Human-Aided Machine Translation (HAMT) ............................................................ 9 2.5 Computer-Assisted Translation (CAT) ..................................................................... 10 3 Historischer Überblick ................................................................................................... 13 3.1 Geschichte der Maschinellen Übersetzung ............................................................... 13 3.1.1 Die ersten Gedanken zur Maschinellen Übersetzung ........................................ 13 3.1.2 Die Pioniere und der anfängliche Optimismus .................................................. 14 3.1.3 Der ALPAC-Bericht und die Welle der Ernüchterung ...................................... 15 3.1.4 Die Entwicklungen in den 70er und 80er Jahren ............................................... 16 3.2 Geschichte der Translation Memory Systeme .......................................................... 16 3.2.1 Der ALPAC-Bericht – computer-based aids for translators .............................. 17 3.2.2 Friedrich Krollmann – translation archive ......................................................... 18 3.2.3 Peter Arthern – translation by text-retrieval ...................................................... 18 3.2.4 Martin Kay – translator’s amanuensis ............................................................... 19 3.2.5 Alan Melby – three integrated levels of aid ....................................................... 20 3.2.6 ALPS – the true forerunner of the translation workstation ................................ 22 3.2.7 Der Einzug der Translation Memory Systeme in die Übersetzungsbranche ..... 23 4 Translation Memory System ......................................................................................... 25 4.1 Komponenten eines Translation Memory Systems ................................................... 26 4.1.1 Das Translation Memory ................................................................................... 28 4.1.1.1 Segmentierung ............................................................................................ 28 4.1.1.2 Matches ....................................................................................................... 29 4.1.1.3 Konkordanzsuche ....................................................................................... 30 4.1.1.4 Vorübersetzung ........................................................................................... 30 4.1.2 Übersetzungseditor ............................................................................................ 30 4.1.2.1 Filterkomponente ........................................................................................ 31 4.1.3 Die Terminologieverwaltungskomponente ........................................................ 31 4.1.4 Datenaustausch und standardisierte Austauschformate ..................................... 32 4.1.5 Statistikfunktion ................................................................................................. 32 4.1.6 Qualitätssicherung.............................................................................................. 33 4.1.7 Alignmentkomponente ....................................................................................... 33 4.1.8 Terminologieextraktionskomponente ................................................................ 34 4.1.9 Projektmanagementkomponente ........................................................................ 34 4.1.10 Integration eines Maschinellen Übersetzungssystem (MÜ-System) ................. 35 5 Cloud Computing ........................................................................................................... 37 5.1 Entstehung des Cloud Computing ............................................................................. 37 5.2 Basistechnologien des Cloud Computing ................................................................. 39 5.2.1 Konsolidierung und Virtualisierung .................................................................. 40 5.2.2 Service-orientierte Architektur (SOA) ............................................................... 41 5.2.3 Grid-Computing ................................................................................................. 41 5.2.4 Utility-Computing .............................................................................................. 42 5.2.5 Application Service Providing (ASP) ................................................................ 42 5.3 Definition von Cloud Computing .............................................................................. 42 5.4 Charakteristische Merkmale ...................................................................................... 44 5.4.1 On-demand self-service ..................................................................................... 44 5.4.2 Broad network access ........................................................................................ 44 5.4.3 Resource Pooling ............................................................................................... 44 5.4.4 Rapid Elasticity .................................................................................................. 45 5.4.5 Measured Service ............................................................................................... 45 5.5 Servicemodelle (Service Models) ............................................................................. 45 5.5.1 Software as a Service (SaaS) ............................................................................. 45 5.5.2 Platform as a Service (PaaS) .............................................................................. 46 5.5.3 Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) ....................................................................... 46 5.6 Bereitstellungsmodelle (Deployment Models).......................................................... 47 5.6.1 Private Cloud ..................................................................................................... 47 5.6.2 Community Cloud .............................................................................................. 47 5.6.3 Public Cloud....................................................................................................... 47 5.6.4 Hybrid Cloud ..................................................................................................... 48 5.7 Chancen und Risiken des Cloud Computing ............................................................ 48 5.8 Die Marktentwicklung des Cloud Computing .......................................................... 50 5.9 Übersetzung in der Cloud .......................................................................................... 51 6 Vorstellung der Systeme ...............................................................................................
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