Large Scale Renewable Energy Integration: Identification of Optimal Implementation Plans

by Steven Burns

B.S. in Mechanical Engineering and Engineering and Public Policy, May 1997, Carnegie Mellon University M.S. in Mechanical Engineering, December 2003, University of Massachusetts

A Dissertation submitted to

The Faculty of The School of Engineering and Applied Science of The George Washington University in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy

May 19, 2019

Dissertation directed by

Jonathan P. Deason Professor of Engineering and Applied Science

The School of Engineering and Applied Science of The George Washington University certifies that Steven Burns has passed the Final Examination for the degree of Doctor of

Philosophy as of April 1, 2019. This is the final and approved form of the dissertation.

Large Scale Renewable Energy Integration: Identification of Optimal Implementation Plans

Steven Burns

Dissertation Research Committee:

Jonathan P. Deason, Professor of Engineering and Applied Science, Dissertation Director

Hernan G. Abeledo, Associate Professor of Engineering and Applied Science, Committee Member

Robert W. Orttung, Associate Research Professor of International Affairs, Committee Member

Joost R. Santos, Associate Professor of Engineering Management and Systems Engineering, Committee Member

Ekundayo A. Shittu, Assistant Professor of Engineering Management and Systems Engineering, Committee Member

Abstract

Large Scale Renewable Energy Integration: Identification of Optimal Implementation Plans

A significant potential for addressing climate change and fuel security is the transition to renewable energy from traditional fossil fuel-based power. However, the inherent technical limitations associated with renewable energy power generation will make this transition costly, especially if the necessary infrastructure upgrades occur in a piecemeal fashion that is subject to regional variances in environmental regulation and individual utility and transmission operator appetite and capability for renewable energy transmission and generation. Projections of increased electric power demand in the

United States necessitate the need for new generation sources, and renewable energy simultaneously offers security of reduced reliance on fossil fuels and the complication of integrating variable energy production. Renewable energy generation could be maximized if placed in higher resource areas, such as solar power being placed in the desert Southwest, but the higher relative capital costs of renewable energy sources and the need to address transfer of renewable energy-based electricity across multiple jurisdictions to reach demand centers could limit the buildout.

This paper describes an optimization model for determining the least cost approach to large-scale renewable energy development in the United States, considering several energy policy options and focused on renewable energy integration. Model outputs showed that there are scenarios under which the Southwest could supply reliable electric power to the United States. While the model was not intended to identify specific infrastructure projects, it yielded useful results based on the trends of predictions across

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the scenarios. Of note is that reduced transmission construction times and costs could enable supply of electric power from the Western United States to load centers in the

Mid-Atlantic and Northeast, but that the magnitude of the expansion likely would extend construction activities beyond 2040. In the meantime, capital cost reductions for solar power and growing trends towards distributed generation may obviate the need for such a buildout. In any case, without significant storage capability, wind and solar power might have difficultly achieving expanded market penetration because the expanded baseload capacity additions would be necessary to balance the variable resource. Expansion of the developed model would allow further exploration of specific infrastructure needs to make remote and/or local renewable generation more cost effective.

Table of Contents

Abstract ...... iii

Table of Contents ...... v

List of Figures ...... vii

List of Tables ...... viii

Chapter 1 – Introduction ...... 1

1.1 Statement of the Problem ...... 3

1.2 Organization of the Document ...... 8

1.3 Background ...... 9

1.4 Purpose ...... 11

1.5 Significance...... 12

1.6 Scope ...... 12

1.7 Limitations ...... 13

Chapter 2 – Literature Review ...... 15

Chapter 3 – Research Goals and Approach ...... 25

3.1 Research Goals...... 25

3.2 Research Approach ...... 27

3.2.1 Model Structure ...... 27

3.2.2 Indices ...... 32

3.3 Model Formulation ...... 33

3.3.1 Trade-offs ...... 32

3.3.2 Decision Variables ...... 34

3.3.3 Constraints ...... 36

3.3.4 Additional Inputs ...... 37

3.3.5 Scenarios ...... 40

3.4 Data Requirements and Collection ...... 41

3.5 Analytical Procedure ...... 41

3.6 Modeling Simplifications...... 42

Chapter 4 – Model Description ...... 45

4.1 Objective Function ...... 47

4.2 Universal Constraints ...... 51

4.3 Scenario-Driven Constraints ...... 59

4.4 Parametric Analyses...... 60

Chapter 5 – Results, Conclusions, and Recommendations ...... 62

5.1 Outputs ...... 62

5.1.1 Scenario 1 – Base Case ...... 63

5.1.2 Scenario 2 – Increased Solar Power Focus ...... 67

5.1.3 Scenario 3 – Improved Development Processes ...... 72

5.2 Conclusions ...... 70

5.3 Future Research ...... 75

References ...... 78

Appendix 1 – Determination of Model Nodes ...... 81

Appendix 2 – Model Initial Conditions and Costs ...... 106

Appendix 3 – Model Text ...... 169

Appendix 4 – Model Outputs ...... 179

List of Figures

Figure 1-1. Average Electric Generator Fuel Prices (1999-2010) ...... 4

Figure 1-2. Wind Resource and Transmission Line Locations...... 7

Figure 2-1. North American Balancing Authorities & Reliability Organizations ...... 16

Figure 2-2. Net Annual Power Flow Between Regions in 2010, million MWh ...... 18

Figure 2-3. Line Losses for Various Transmission Voltages ...... 20

Figure 3-1. Basic Concept Diagram for Regional Demand Balancing ...... 28

Figure 3-2. Nodal Model Representation (pathways excluded for simplicity) ...... 31

Figure 3-3. Sample Power Dispatch Stack Operation ...... 32

Figure 3-4. State Renewable Portfolio Standards and Goals ...... 39

Figure 5-1. Scenario 1 Predicted Generation Capacity Additions ...... 64

Figure 5-2. Scenario 1 Predicted LVAC Capacity Additions ...... 66

Figure 5-3. Scenario 1 Predicted HVDC Capacity Additions ...... 67

Figure 5-4. Scenario 2 Predicted Generation Capacity Additions ...... 68

Figure 5-5. Scenario 2 Predicted LVAC Capacity Additions ...... 70

Figure 5-6. Scenario 2 Predicted HVDC Capacity Additions ...... 71

Figure 5-7. Scenario 3 Predicted Generation Capacity Additions ...... 73

Figure 5-8. Scenario 3 Predicted LVAC Capacity Additions ...... 74

Figure 5-9. Scenario 3 Predicted HVDC Capacity Additions ...... 75

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List of Tables

Table 4-1. Model Components ...... 45

Table 5-1. Scenario 1 Predicted Generation Usage Statistics ...... 65

Table 5-2. Scenario 2 Predicted Generation Usage Statistics ...... 69

Table 5-3. Scenario 3 Predicted Generation Usage Statistics ...... 73

Table A-1. Combination of Balancing Authorities and Utilities into Model Nodes ...... 82

Table A-2. Initial Generation Capacities by Region ...... 110

Table A-3. Initial Low Voltage Interconnection Capacities ...... 112

Table A-4. Initial High Voltage Interconnection Capacities ...... 123

Table A-5. Summer Daytime Peak Instantaneous Demand by Region ...... 123

Table A-6. Summer Nighttime Peak Instantaneous Demand by Region...... 127

Table A-7. Winter Daytime Peak Instantaneous Demand by Region ...... 130

Table A-8. Summer Nighttime Peak Instantaneous Demand by Region...... 134

Table A-9. Summer Daytime Total Demand by Region ...... 137

Table A-10. Summer Nighttime Total Demand by Region ...... 143

Table A-11. Winter Daytime Total Demand by Region ...... 148

Table A-12. Winter Nighttime Total Demand by Region ...... 153

Table A-13. Balancing Authority Geographic Midpoints ...... 158

Table A-14. Generation Technology Costs ...... 160

Table A-15. Wind and Solar PV Capacity Factors by Region ...... 161

Table A-16. Fuel Costs ($2016)...... 164

Table A-17. Localized Natural Gas Price Adjustment ...... 165

Table A-18. Electric Transmission Costs ...... 166

Table A-19. Renewable Portfolio Standards for Scenario Analyses ...... 167

Table A-20. Annual New Generation Capacity Installed (Scenario 1) ...... 180

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Table A-21. Annual Low Voltage AC Transmission Capacity Installed (Scenario 1) ....186

Table A-22. Annual High Voltage DC Transmission Capacity Installed (Scenario 1) ...186

Table A-23. Annual Electricity Generation, Usage, Imports, and Exports by Region (Scenario 1) ...... 188

Table A-24. Annual Renewable Energy Usage (Scenario 1) ...... 209

Table A-25. Annual New Generation Capacity Installed (Scenario 2) ...... 230

Table A-26. Annual Low Voltage AC Transmission Capacity Installed (Scenario 2) ....236

Table A-27. Annual High Voltage DC Transmission Capacity Installed (Scenario 2) ...237

Table A-28. Annual Electricity Generation, Usage, Imports, and Exports by Region (Scenario 2) ...... 240

Table A-29. Annual Renewable Energy Usage (Scenario 2) ...... 261

Table A-30. Annual New Generation Capacity Installed (Scenario 3) ...... 282

Table A-31. Annual Low Voltage AC Transmission Capacity Installed (Scenario 3) ....288

Table A-32. Annual High Voltage DC Transmission Capacity Installed (Scenario 3) ...289

Table A-33. Annual Electricity Generation, Usage, Imports, and Exports by Region (Scenario 3) ...... 293

Table A-34. Annual Renewable Energy Usage (Scenario 3) ...... 314

ix Chapter 1 – Introduction

Global power consumption is continuing to grow at a rapid pace, leaving many nations dealing with supply shortfalls and uncertain economic futures. In the United

States, generation capacity reserve margins are decreasing, and by 2030, there is a projected 32% increase in power demand relative to 2008 (Energy Information

Administration, 2008). The investment needed to meet this challenge, however, will be complicated by the often competing demands of economic growth and environmental preservation, and the tension between these priorities will likely grow as the climate change debate continues and pressure mounts to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, especially from the power sector.

Increasing concerns about greenhouse gas emissions and, to some extent, future fuel supply security, will leave renewable energy sources poised to become a significant contributor to generation capacity. In the United States, regulatory support has grown for renewable energy sources to the point that 39 states mandate or have voluntary goals for a percentage of renewable energy supply (Federal Energy Regulatory Commission,

2011). In the future, where carbon emissions constraints or fuel supply scarcity could significantly increase fossil fuel-based power prices, renewable energy sources would be in even greater demand. At present, however, traditional renewable energy limitations such as high capital costs and the large distance between areas of strong renewable resource and electric load demand centers limit large-scale renewable energy deployment.

Many nations will confront issues of power grid resiliency and the need to lessen impacts on consumers in the face of this energy transition. For example, without

development of cost-effective local supply options or significantly improved operating efficiencies in low resource environments by wind, solar or other renewable energy technologies, the transition away from fossil fuels to renewable energy to provide power likely will require a significant electric transmission infrastructure buildout: a buildout that some liken to that required of the Eisenhower Interstate System (Heyeck and Wilcox,

2008). With varying mandates between states and lack of a true cost advantage for renewable energy in most locations, the necessary infrastructure buildout is under risk of occurring within limited, disparate contexts. An optimal buildout scenario would determine time and place infrastructure upgrades as needed, accounting for energy demand across the nation as opposed to within individual regions. This optimized buildout would limit waste and therefore lessen consumer costs and improve system reliability.

This document address issues related to moving from a theoretical construct to an implementation plan for large-scale renewable energy development. A test case is examined through the development of a tool to compile optimal renewable energy buildout scenarios for the United States, based on scenarios provided by the Solar Grand

Plan (Zweibel, Mason, and Fthenakis, 2008) and under varying regulatory, demand, and technical inputs. The scenarios use optimization modeling, beginning with existing generating capacity and transmission infrastructure as available from utilities and regional transmission operators, and allowing for infrastructure additions that most effectively meet energy demand under different energy demand and regulatory scenarios over the next 30 years. Regulators and the development community will be able to use

the results of this effort to more cost effectively plan for large-scale renewable energy deployment.

1.1 Statement of the Problem

A significant potential for addressing climate change and fuel security is the transition to renewable energy from traditional fossil fuel-based power; however, the inherent technical limitations associated with renewable energy power generation will make this transition costly, especially if the necessary infrastructure upgrades occur in a piecemeal fashion that is subject to regional variances in environmental regulation and individual utility and transmission operator appetite and capability for renewable energy transmission and generation.

From a financial standpoint, a strong case can be made for the path away from fossil fuels by considering the volatility of fossil fuel prices, the potential for supply interruptions, and the association of climate change with fossil fuel consumption. The current national generation portfolio is nearly 40% coal, and many markets rely on natural gas-based generation for peaking support, thus leaving marginal power prices subject to natural gas market volatility – a risk not duly considered in the current low- price environment for natural gas. However, as illustrated in Figure 1-1 (per data from

Energy Information Administration, 2011), fuel prices for all non-renewable power sources exhibited significant volatility over the past decade, with maximum prices ranging from 30% to 50% of average prices, depending on fuel source.

Average Fuel Price 40 ($/MWh)

0 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 Year

Nuclear Fossil Steam Gas Turbine and Small

Figure 1-1. Average Electric Generator Fuel Prices (1999-2010)

These fuel supply costs have led, in part, to an average 44% power price increase between 2000 and 2010 (Ibid), and the Energy Information Administration projects continued power price increases throughout the next twenty years in a business as usual scenario (Energy Information Administration 2008). If a scenario emerges where demand increases for the electrification of the transportation network, there is potential to need for even more generation capacity, which could drive additional power price increases. In either case, with or without increased power demand, elevated power prices will have the potential to limit economic growth and make certain American industries, such as the primary aluminum industry (United States International Trade Commission,

2010) less competitive in the global marketplace.

Some of the price volatility and ultimate increases can be attributed to the supply interruptions seen in the summer of 2008. The natural gas distribution network was damaged from Hurricane Katrina. Transportation problems limited rail movement of

coal from the Powder River Basin and the Midwest. Beyond these national concerns, international interests can also affect U.S. prices; prior to the 2008 Recession, construction material costs were on a steady increase as U.S. growing demand for materials with China and other rising economies drove up prices. The extrapolation of these instances to future energy fuel imports highlights the concern of energy security, especially in consideration of political volatility in many of the prime oil-bearing regions of the world, including the Middle East, Nigeria and North Africa, and Venezuela.

Near term steps in securing national energy supply might include increased domestic coal production and/or biofuel use, but without technological advances to limit greenhouse gas emissions or reduce competition with food crops, these options will not be singular answers to satisfy growing energy demand. Anthropogenic carbon dioxide emissions are continuing to increase, especially from the power generation sector.

Energy demand is expected to grow at least 1% annually over the next 20 years (Energy

Information Administration, 2008), and if coal remains the primary energy source in the

United States, carbon dioxide emissions will continue to increase along with economic growth.

Also, the deliverance from oil once promised by biofuels has failed to materialize.

No breakthroughs have yet occurred to allow commercial-scale production of algae or cellulose-based biofuels that can be grown on marginal lands. The corn price run-up in

2008 further serves as a cautionary tale of significant biofuel use.

Given renewable energy's limited carbon footprint, combined with the fact that it can be installed in a dual land use capacity (i.e., wind turbines in farm land) or in marginal lands (i.e., solar fields in unoccupied desert spaces), the concerns above point to

renewable energy as a pathway to meeting energy needs while limiting concerns of fuel price volatility and climate changes. Unfortunately, renewable energy-based power generation has significant drawbacks, especially when installed on a large scale. One of these drawbacks is the increased capital cost and intermittent operation of renewable energy capacity relative to fossil fuel-based power plants (Energy Information

Administration, 2008) or the need for storage technology to save power generated in periods of low demand. Unfortunately, cost effective storage technology is not available.

Therefore, for renewable energy sources to be cost competitive, the installed power plants must have high capacity factors, which is currently achievable only in high resource areas such as the desert for solar power and the Great Plains for wind power: areas that are remote from electric demand centers. Figure 1-2 (National Renewable Energy

Laboratory, 2012) illustrates the distance between renewable energy sources and primary electric demand centers in the United States along with the relative lack of electric transmission capacity between these areas. 1

1 Specifically, Figure 1-2 shows the relative lack of high voltage transmission between the high wind resource areas in the country and the demand centers along the East and West Coasts. Similarly, the figure indicates how additional transmission in capacity The Southwest would allow for greater power flow into California.

Figure 1-2. Wind Resource and Transmission Line Locations

These distances and the associated transmission losses that would occur over the existing transmission network point to the need for an extensive transmission infrastructure upgrade and buildout to support cost effective large-scale renewable energy integration. This buildout would have to consider regional load balancing to support power grid stability; the optimal transfer of power among regions; and the relative need of the regions to obtain renewable energy from remote sources. It is this need to coordinate activities across regions that may be problematic. For example, as transmission lines are constructed across different jurisdictions, differing environmental and permitting requirements as well as cost allocation and siting methods must be considered. While the development of regional transmission organizations and regional

development plans is a positive step, more benefits could be likely with planning on a larger scale.

Plans such as the Solar Grand Plan that bridge these regional boundaries will be necessary to move forward with a transition to renewable energy. Even these initial plans, however, require some refinement to illustrate the need for cooperative action to optimize renewable energy deployment. Without an understanding of the efficiencies achievable in renewable energy deployment, planners and regulators will be at risk of making sub-optimal decisions and increasing costs to consumers.

1.2 Organization of the Document

This document contains five chapters. The Introduction details the background of the need for renewable energy deployment and the associated limitations of transitioning the electric generation system to focus on intermittent resources. The following Literature

Review provides an overview of the literature or relevant to the state of transmission planning in the United States and the need for creation of a model for determining pathways to transition to renewable energy. The third chapter contains the research methodology, detailing the primary research goals and elaborating the primary research methods used and expected results from this study. The fourth chapter documents a model developed to project optimal electric transmission buildouts for deploying large- scale renewable energy across the United States, and the final chapter describes model outputs under varying scenarios, illustrating respective timelines of electric transmission buildout for optimal transition to large-scale renewable energy supply.

1.3 Background

The publication of the Solar Grand Plan was timely given that renewable energy power generation can become a significant contributor to U.S. generation capacity. The

Solar Grand Plan addresses energy security and climate change concerns and offers a path away from fossil fuel-based generation and associated greenhouse gas and other pollutant emissions. In addition, the increase in the solar energy and associated technology markets has the potential to set a global precedent, ultimately leading to reduced worldwide carbon dioxide emissions.

The specifics of the Solar Grand Plan include the installation of large photovoltaic solar arrays in the desert Southwest, using high voltage direct current electric transmission lines to transfer the energy to demand centers around the country. The plan’s authors claim that solar power plants could supply 69% of the nation’s electricity by 2050. Achieving this supply would necessitate the use of compressed air storage in underground caverns near population centers – specifically, excess daytime electricity would be used to run air compressors to build pressure in the caverns, and the pressure would be slowly released to drive turbines for power at night. The authors project that implementing the plan would require subsidies of approximately $400 billion over 40 years and would cut national greenhouse gas emissions to 62% below 2005 levels by

2050, using solar cells with slightly greater efficiency than available at the time of publication.

The Solar Grand Plan is a conceptual step in addressing concerns over increasing energy prices and environmental degradation resulting from the burning of fossil fuels for electric power and the transportation network. Taking this plan from concept to implementation requires that several technological barriers be overcome such as the

improvement of solar cell efficiencies and the development of compressed air storage.

Early deployment planning will ease implementation and limit costs once these barriers are overcome. Therefore, an initial step-by-step project timeline, scope, and cost estimate is proposed for transmission grid development, allowing for identification and examination of Solar Grand Plan roadblocks and weaknesses. The following potential weaknesses to renewable energy development are considered in the construction of the implementation plan under this proposed research:

• Land – renewable energy sources typically are land intensive and any

transmission upgrades will require right-of-way procurement, which can lead to

significant project expense;

• Resource intermittency/variability – solar and wind resource are variable,

requiring that backup generation or energy storage technology be incorporated

into the implementation plan;

• Cost – though renewable energy uses “free” fuel, renewable energy facility capital

costs are still greater than for fossil fuel generation facilities, and without a carbon

tax or significant government subsidies, renewable energy sources will have

difficulty competing;

• Distance from load – peak renewable energy resource (solar and wind) typically

are located remote from primary load centers (e.g., wind in the Dakotas and solar

in the desert Southwest), requiring that significant transmission upgrades occur to

bring power to areas where needed; and

• Production capacity – large-scale buildout of renewable energy generation

capacity will require ramp-up of solar and wind power generation, storage

technology, and transmission infrastructure component production capacity,

which could lead to near-term component price increases.

A project plan detailing a phased buildout of renewable energy based generation, along with associated transmission and storage technologies, will identify gaps in the

Grand Plan, bring forth any limitations preventing full plan execution, and highlight areas necessary for further research.

1.4 Purpose

The purpose of the research is to further the concept presented in the Solar Grand

Plan and its updates by developing an optimized buildout schedule to transition the

United States to a renewable energy-based electric generating system. The research focuses on the construction of a linear programming model that will output a buildout schedule based on a least-cost approach, balancing consumer electric costs with resource constraints, technology and development costs, and applicable regulatory requirements and limitations.

This project moves beyond typical market penetration analyses performed for renewable energy systems. Rather than focusing on technology penetration levels that would be achieved in a free market under a given set of economic and regulatory conditions, the project instead focuses on determining the buildout steps and timing to most efficiently achieve desired renewable energy supply. Consequently, this project can inform the debate regarding large-scale renewable energy deployment with detailed optimized deployment scenarios that account for cost and resource limitations, providing insight into the technical and economic achievability of renewable energy and greenhouse gas reduction targets. The derived deployment schedules focus on solar

power as described in the Solar Grand Plan, but the results can also be generalized to large-scale renewable energy development activities across the nation.

1.5 Significance

The significance of this research lies in the need for continuing power development in the United States in light of increasing environmental and energy security limitations.

The Department of Energy projects significant growth in U.S. electric power demand over the next 20 years, a period in which fuel supply might be at greater risk due to socio- political events. Also, the United States could ultimately face greenhouse gas emission reduction targets, with the electric power industry as a focus for required cuts.

Consequently, power generation and transmission planners will be challenged to balance significant buildout requirements with cost, security, and environmental concerns. The nature of renewable energy sources is such that energy security and environmental concerns are limited relative to fossil fuels due to comparatively low fuel transport requirements and carbon emissions. Unfortunately, higher relative capital costs of renewable energy sources and the need to address transfer of renewable energy-based electricity across multiple jurisdictions to reach demand centers could limit how planners address these other concerns. As such, this project’s optimized buildout schedule for renewable energy provides a useful tool to address these concerns while also limiting extra costs associated with renewable energy-based electric power.

1.6 Scope

The research focuses on the creation of a model that to be used for the determination of optimal buildout scenarios for transitioning the United States to a renewable-energy based power generation portfolio. The research scope includes the development of a

model for determining renewable energy buildout scenarios, focused on determination of the following:

1. The expected costs and required timeframes for transitioning the continental

United States to a renewable energy-based power generation portfolio under

different energy demand and renewable energy regulatory scenarios; and

2. the efficiencies that could be achieved in the transition by enacting a national

renewable energy development plan as opposed to relying on individual regions

to coordinate development activities.

The expected timeframes, costs, and benefits are based on optimized buildout scenarios as determined from a regional model of the continental United States, accounting for electricity demand, renewable resource availability, existing and expected generation capability, and electric transmission constraints.

1.7 Limitations

The research led to a model for predicting general buildout scenarios of generation and transmission capacity throughout the United States over the next 30 years. The presented buildout models are conceptual and should not be considered as recommendations for specific infrastructure projects. Even though the model is intended to be conceptual, the primary research limitation derives from this simplified view. As described later in this document, the model predicts infrastructure construction based on electricity demand and construction and operational costs, and the model assumes that infrastructure will be built without opposition. Congestion fees, distribution costs, and the differences between localized market conditions and policy environments are not considered. When these factors aren’t considered, there isn’t a market signal for users to

reduce usage and/or for transmission system operators to prioritize system upgrades.

Incorporation of these elements is therefore an avenue for further exploration.

Technical limitations include modeling capacity and quality of data. The model was developed in consideration of computational tractability considerations, dictating that a relatively high-level granularity of the power grid be used. For example, whereas a true model of the U.S. power sector would use software such as PSS-E® and/or include elements to account for all power plants and load centers and the associated operating characteristics at all times, the model in this research instead aggregated data on power plants, transmission capacities, and electricity demands. While this data aggregation led to some loss of accuracy in the model results, the model described herein aggregates power plants and regions in such a way that electric transmission limitations are adequately captured – an acceptable aggregation given that the model is focused on electric transmission buildout scenarios. In addition, the model takes a conservative approach to temporal considerations by balancing available electricity supply and demand only during hours of peak diurnal and seasonal electric demands and hours of minimum available generation capacities. Chapter 3 contains a detailed discussion of limitations associated with the modeling approach.

Finally, the quality of the data is limited to publicly available data on generation facilities, electric transmission interconnections between regions, and projected seasonal electricity demands. The model outputs depend on the quality of these data, so where possible, several sources have been consulted, including utility reports to the Federal

Energy Regulatory Commission and aggregate data as compiled by the Energy

Information Administration.

Chapter 2 – Literature Review

The technical limitations associated with a large scale transition to renewable energy such as intermittency and distance from demand centers are relatively easy to understand within the context of the structure of the electric power system. The interface with the electric power system in the United States for most individuals is their local electric utility. In 2010, there were more than 3,000 electric utilities in the United States (Energy

Information Administration, 2012). Deregulation of the electric power industry resulted in varying responsibilities for electric utilities in different markets, but in simple terms, electric utilities are responsible for providing reliable, affordable electricity to their customers.

Balancing authorities cover the service territories of a single or several utilities that are closely interconnected. The balancing authorities are responsible for maintaining power grid stability in their regions through balancing generation, demand, and power imports and exports with neighboring authorities. Because electricity cannot be stored on a large scale, the amount of generated electricity must match demand within an allowable tolerance. This balance of generation and demand is an on-going process that requires constant dispatching or taking generators offline; modifying power plant output as allowable; and adjusting import and export quantities to and from the region. See

Balancing and Frequency Control (National Electric Reliability Corporation, 2011) for a detailed description of the procedures for balancing energy demand and generation.

Figure 2-1 displays the approximately 130 existing balancing authorities in the United

States and Canada along with the regions into which the balancing authorities are registered.

Figure 2-1. North American Balancing Authorities & Reliability Organizations (National Electric Reliability Corporation, 2012)

The National Electric Reliability Corporation (NERC) and the Regional Entities noted in Figure 2-1 set reliability standards and work with the balancing authorities and utilities to ensure provision of adequate, reliable power to customers. Together, these regions form the major interconnections of the power grid: the Eastern Interconnection that covers the East Coast, the Midwest, and much of the Plains states; the Western

Interconnection that covers the West Coast and the Rocky Mountain States; ERCOT, which covers much of Texas; and the Quebec Interconnection. These interconnections operate independently of each other, though limited interties do exist.

In considering the structure of the electric power industry, several barriers to large- scale renewable energy deployment become apparent, as follows below.

Capital Costs. The installed cost of renewable energy generators is greater than fossil fuel-based systems. Based on industry data, the Department of Energy assumes renewable energy capital costs to be between 1.9 (wind) and 2.6 (solar photovoltaic) times the capital costs of natural gas-based power generation facilities (Energy

Information Administration, 2016). Without fossil fuel costs significantly greater than current levels, renewable energy technologies will be at a competitive disadvantage.

Over large well-populated regions, the impact can be reduced through optimized locations in areas of high resource and by spreading costs over several consumers.

However, cost decisions are made at the local level, and less-populated or resource-poor regions do not have an incentive to install generation that would be higher cost.

Transmission. The strongest solar resource in the continental United States is located in the Southwest, and the strongest wind resource is largely located in the Plains States

(see Figure 1-2) – locations remote from demand centers such as California, the Mid-

Atlantic, and the Northeast. Making large-scale renewable energy supply problematic with respect to geography is the fact that the United States power grid is structured largely around local supply. Most electric power demand is served by local generators.

Net interregional trade accounted for less than 1% of delivered power in 2010.

Figure 2-2 illustrates net interregional power flows, indicating that California is the largest net importer of electricity, consuming power produced in the Northwest and

Southwest. These two regions provide about 25% of California's electricity supply, already stressing available transmission infrastructure. The other large electric power movement is from the far western part of the PJM Interconnection (northern Illinois) to

the rest of PJM 2. This transit, which would limit additional power flow into the region from the Plains States, provides low-cost electricity generated with nuclear and coal-fired capacity.

Figure 2-2. Net Annual Power Flow Between Regions in 2010, million MWh (Energy Information Administration, 2011b)

Existing transmission capacity is limited in the high import areas of the Mid-Atlantic

States, New York, and New England as well as in moving power from the Southwest into

California. Several transmission projects are underway to alleviate this congestion, and there were plans for nearly $50 billion in new transmission investments through 2015

(Edison Electric Institute, 2012).

Therefore, transmission access is a key variable for large-scale renewable energy development, but transmission access presents a series of problems including cost allocation, multi-jurisdictional project approval requirements, and the existing strain on the national electric transmission system. Cost allocation is problematic from the

2 The PJM Interconnection is the regional transmission organization that coordinates electricity supply in in all or parts of Delaware, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Maryland, Michigan, New Jersey, North Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, Virginia, West Virginia and the District of Columbia.

standpoint of the intermittency of renewable resources (discussed below) and the typical remote location of strong resource availability. The remoteness of the renewable resource typically means that new transmission infrastructure will need to be built to support renewable energy development, and there is debate over who should pay for this buildout, for example whether the cost should be allocated to equally across consumers or whether costs should be allocated to the generators using the new line, thus affecting their bid price point in a competitive market. The choice of allocation method can affect renewable energy penetration levels. If generators are required to absorb all transmission costs into their basis, project financing will be more difficult, leaving only projects in the highest resource areas.

Regardless of allocation method, costs will ultimately be borne by consumers, and transmission across long distances can result in higher capital costs and large transmission losses. Transmission capital costs in the Western United States range anywhere from $650,000 per mile to over $2 million per mile, with additional costs for line terminations, substations, and other ancillary equipment, based on jurisdiction

(California Energy Commission, 2007). Figure 2-3 indicates expected losses for long distance transmission.

Figure 2-3. Line Losses for Various Transmission Voltages (Heyeck and Wilcox, 2008)

An additional complication in transmission buildout to support transfer of renewable energy throughout the nation is the issue associated with cross-jurisdictional transmission projects. Whereas typical utility-scale solar and wind projects can be completed in less than two years, transmission lines often take several years to complete due to the need to procure large quantities of land as well as to satisfy varying environmental and other permitting requirements. In 2010, the Federal Regulatory Energy Commission (FERC) established Order 1000 to improve transmission planning, but the timeframe for transmission projects is still extended. This difference in development timelines will therefore continue to serve as a limiter on renewable energy development as projects in remote locations will continue to have difficulty securing financing due to uncertain transmission access.

Intermittency. Renewable energy generator output is subject to the available resource such as wind speed or solar output, which vary based on season and time of day as well as year-to-year. A twist of irony is that while renewable energy may be a useful climate change mitigation tool, it is perhaps an energy source most at risk from climate effects in that changing weather patterns causes uncertainty in predictions of future output.

As noted above, energy storage technology is not available for utility-scale projects, and generation and demand must therefore be balanced at all times. Therefore, these variations limit the ability to predict and schedule output from renewable sources, and system operators cannot count renewable generators as firm capacity, requiring that additional balancing reserve be made available. With respect to transmission, the intermittent output creates problems in allocating capacity on transmission lines and determining which transmission projects should be prioritized. Specifically, the lack of certainty of energy transfer, and therefore revenue generation, on a given transmission line makes it difficult to justify transmission to service renewable energy generators.

Typically, renewable energy penetration is limited within an electric power system due to problems with addressing intermittency. States such as Hawaii and California have ambitious renewable energy targets (Federal Energy Regulatory Commission,

2011), and renewable energy advocates point to Denmark, which produces nearly 20% of its electricity from wind turbines, as an example of successful wind power integration. It should be noted however, that Denmark has several days per year where power must be imported and that it relies on its interconnection with the larger European power system to balance its wind power production.

Larger, more diverse systems can handle more intermittent resources due to the broad geographic range of renewable energy generation sites, that is, due to lesser risk of all renewable energy generators depowering at the same time due to the same weather event; larger availability of balancing generators (i.e., more power plants are available to offset drops in renewable energy output), some of which are kept running as “spinning reserve” to quickly meet demand if necessary; and a more stable demand profile (i.e., demand variations tend to balance out over a larger pool of consumers). In spite of these benefits, there are still limits on the amount of intermittent load that a power system can absorb.

Baseload coal and nuclear power plants cannot adjust load beyond a few percent of nameplate capacity; significant cost is required to maintain power plants in reserve; and there is still a potential for localized voltage drops and loss of service even in large power grids.

Considering the breadth of generation types needed to ensure reliable supply and the need for transmission buildout, a transition to large-scale renewable energy supply would be most efficient and cost effective under a national strategic planning effort. Several tools and models are available to inform this buildout, some of which are described below.

MARKAL/TIMES. Developed by the International Energy Agency’s Energy

Technology Systems Analysis Programme, the MARKAL/TIMES models can be configured to present a least cost energy system over several decades based on projected end-use energy consumption such as lighting, heating, and transport (Energy Technology

Systems Analysis Programme, 2005). Based on projected energy use in multiple time periods, the model will make decisions on trade-offs between new generation, imports,

and alternative operating regimes for existing generation. Constraints can be applied in several ways such as based on end-use technology consumer choices, power plant emissions control requirements, required capacity or power import/export additions and restrictions.

The National Energy Modeling System (NEMS). NEMS is an energy-economy modeling system of the United States, used by the Energy Information Administration of the Department of Energy to predict the production, import, use and price of energy through 2030 under different technical, economic and policy scenarios (Department of

Energy, 2009). NEMS uses modules that predict energy demand in several sectors; determine the generation fleet and energy trades necessary to meet the required demand over several time periods, accounting for environmental constraints and revenue requirements; and calculate the cost of power.

Regional Energy Deployment System (ReEDS). The National Renewable Energy

Laboratory developed ReEDS to predict buildout of electric power generation and transmission throughout the United States (National Renewable Energy Laboratory,

2011). The model can predict an optimized buildout to meet power demand based on varying demand, emissions, or generation-type limits. ReEDS was the model primarily used for the Department of Energy’s 20% Wind Energy by 2030 report.

PSS-E®. This software, offered by Siemens, simulates flows in electrical transmission networks in steady-state conditions. The software can be used to model transmission networks and to identify areas of power grid congestion under varying loading conditions.

Application of any of these models to implementing the Solar Grand Plan would provide insight into optimal deployment strategies. Except for PSS-E®, these models do not account for transmission infrastructure buildout requirements. Use of PSS-E® would provide insight into needed transmission lines to reduce power grid congestion, but the model does not provide insight into optimal timing of these investments.

The research documented herein does not identify detailed market impacts or specific infrastructure requirements to allow for large-scale renewable energy integration.

Instead, this research takes a different approach by optimizing solar power deployment timelines along with associated transmission requirements. Specifically, the research projects the optimal timing and general locations of the buildout as opposed to investigating the optimum end states under a variety of economic and policy scenarios.

Therefore, the information detailed in the following chapter describes the construction of a simplified model to analyze the buildout scenarios specific to the development of a renewable energy infrastructure plan. The research does not suggest methods for reducing costs, but instead presents optimal buildout approaches under varying scenarios.

Chapter 3 – Research Goals and Approach

The research described herein focuses on the design and development of a model for determining the least cost approach to large-scale renewable energy development in the

United States, considering several energy policy options and focused on renewable energy integration. Through application of this model, decision makers will be able to gain a greater understanding of the cost and timing implications associated with various buildout scenarios, using variants such as differing renewable energy incentive structures as compared to requiring large-scale coordination of technology deployment on state, regional, and national levels. This role will highlight efficiencies that can be achieved in the buildout, giving decision makers information necessary for easing the transition to a renewable energy-based electric power generation system.

3.1 Research Goals

The research has two primary goals: (1) to develop a decision support tool that can predict costs and timeframes for large-scale renewable energy deployment in the United

States, accounting for the regional energy demand balancing and varying energy policies; and (2) to apply the tool to several development scenarios to illustrate changes in development timelines and costs for large-scale renewable energy deployment under varying conditions.

A linear programming model that accounts for a 30-year timeframe, covering multiple generation technologies and regions, is complex by necessity. Therefore, achieving the first goal requires that the model address the following sub-goals:

• Developing decision variables that allow for generation and transmission capacity

to be added or subtracted annually as regional energy demands fluctuate or

operating costs outweigh the usefulness of the components;

• Creating an objective function that efficiently calculates project costs and

timelines by relating costs of the renewable energy buildout to a “no-action” or

“business-as-usual” scenario and by determining the timeframes necessary for

these this buildout to be cost effective; and

• Finding and constructing constraints that accurately model energy demand and

pre-existing generation and transmission capacity in each region in addition to

interregional transmission losses and variable regional energy policies and

construction and operating costs.

Achieving the second research goal entails an exploratory study of the levels of incentives necessary to bring large-scale renewable energy to grid parity or better under differing project planning, energy demand, and energy pricing scenarios. Variants in implementation cost and timeframe will be determined for differing levels of policy and construction coordination across the United States in addition to alternate carbon tax structures or other renewable energy incentives. The investigation of the predicted buildout costs and times will serve to verify the cost estimates envisioned in the Solar

Grand Plan while also highlighting key project limitations.

Another aspect of the research is the exploration of policy options for enacting a transition to renewable energy. Specifically, incentives considered through reduced capital costs or development timeframes were considered. A key note is that this research was not designed to set policy, but rather to inform policy makers of the

potential efficiencies that can be achieved through coordinated action on the national transition to renewable energy. Individual policy instruments were not evaluated beyond determinations of the specific time and cost savings that could be achieved through coordinated action given various renewable energy targets and economic scenarios.

3.2 Research Approach

The research approach utilized a liner programming model to identify annual electric generation and transmission installation required and rate necessary to meet energy demand under different scenarios that vary energy demand, construction costs, or specific targets for generation from a specific source. This chapter describes the structure of the model in as well as to the primary model decision variables, model data inputs, and the scenarios chosen to illustrate model outputs.

3.2.1 Model Structure

The model objective function calculates the total energy system cost, including construction costs, annual operating costs, fuel costs, and any environmental costs, adjusted for based on the discount rate and the year of the expenditure. The model is structured to minimize this cost while achieving the desired renewable energy buildout.

Therefore, the model identifies the electric generation capacity and transmission additions necessary in each year to yield the overall lowest energy system cost over the

30-year timeframe in each scenario. The model balances electricity supply and demand in all regions, selecting to import or export electricity between regions as necessary to minimize total energy system cost. Figure 3-1 illustrates a basic concept diagram for the balancing that occurs in each region, with elements explained later in this chapter.

Total Electricity Demand (including spinning reserve)in Region X

Imported LVAC electricity from other regions (reduced by Exported LVAC electricity to losses based on distance) other regions Region X – Local Power Generation Used Imported HVDC electricity Exported HVDC electricity to from other regions (reduced other regions by losses based on distance)

Electricity Generated from Power Plants in Region X

Limits Limits

Must be able to meet Installed transmission Installed generation peak demand, capacity between regions capacity in Region X considering reserve margin

Limits

Pre-installed Annual Regions viable for Pre-installed Annual capacity construction limits connection capacity construction limits

Figure 3-1. Basic Concept Diagram for Regional Demand Balancing

As noted in Chapter 2, balancing authorities are responsible for maintaining load- resource balance within a given area, matching generation to electricity demand and maintaining power grid stability in each region, and the planning for larger transmission projects between balancing authorities that often occurs within regional entities charged with maintaining the power grid. Consequently, the linear model is constructed as a nodal model, with each node representing a balancing authority in the contiguous 48 states and connected regions of Canada. To limit model size, certain balancing authorities are grouped in cases of strong interconnection and where alternative connections to other balancing authorities are not realistic, such as when a municipal or

cooperative entity is encompassed within a significantly larger region. Electricity imported from Mexico is modeled as being contained within the balancing authority that imports the given power. Figure 3-1 displays the modeled balancing authorities, including 67 nodes to model the approximate 160 balancing authorities in the United

States and Canada. These nodes include a set aside area for solar development in the

Southwest and also allow solar development to occur in areas of least cost. Appendix 1 describes how the balancing authorities are combined into these nodes.

Interconnections among the balancing authorities are modeled as pathways between the nodes with distances being calculated based on the geographic center of each node.

Two pathways are allowed between each node: a low voltage alternating current (LVAC) and high voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission pathway. The initial transmission capacity between regions is based on data supplied by the balancing authorities in their

FERC Form 714 filings, which list interconnections and capacity resources. The model balances the relative capital and operating costs and efficiencies of the two forms of transmission to determine the optimal interconnections to be constructed in each future year.

The model also balances the energy demand and available generation in each balancing authority, allowing for energy imports and exports between the authorities subject to transmission capacity limitations and other constraints. This balancing will occur four times a year for 30 years, modeling seasonal and diurnal peak demands. The available generation and transmission capacity are constrained to require power transfer to meet peak and total energy demand during both day and night in the summer and winter.

1. Allete (Minnesota Power) - 2. Alliant Energy-East - ALE 3. Alliant Energy-West - ALW MP 4. Ameren (Illinois Power Co. 5. Ameren Corporation Control 6. Arizona Public Service Control Area) - IP Area - AMR Company - APS 7. Associated Electric 8. Avista Corporation - AVA 9. Bonneville Power Cooperative, Inc. - ASC Administration, USDOE - BPA 10. California Independent 11. Cleco Corporation - CLC 12. Dairyland Power Cooperative System Operator - CIS - DLP 13. Duke Energy Carolinas, 14. Duke Energy Corp. - DEC 15. El Paso Electric Company - LLC - DUK EPE 16. Empire District Electric 17. Entergy Corporation/Services 18. ERCOT - ECT Company (the) - EDE (Entergy System) - EES 19. FirstEnergy Corporation - 20. Florida Power & Light 21. Hoosier Energy REC, Inc. - FE Company - FPL HE 22. Idaho Power Company - IPC 23. Imperial Irrigation District - 24. ISO New England Inc. - NE IID 25. Kansas City Power & Light 26. Los Angeles Department of 27. Louisville Gas & Electric and Company - KCP Water and Power - LW Kentucky Utilities - LGE 28. Michigan Electric Power 29. MidAmerican Energy 30. Nebraska Public Power Coordinated Center - MIP Company - MEC District - NPP 31. Nevada Power Company - 32. New York Independent 33. Northern Indiana Public NPP System Operator, Inc. - NY Service Company - NIP 34. Northern States Power 35. Northwestern Energy - NWE 36. Oklahoma Gas & Electric Company - NSP Company - OGE 37. Omaha Public Power 38. Otter Tail Power Company - 39. PacifiCorp - East - PE District - OPD OTP 40. PacifiCorp - West - PW 41. PJM Interconnection LLC - 42. Portland General Electric PJM Company - PGE

43. Progress Energy (Carolina 44. Progress Energy (Florida 45. Public Service Company of Power & Light Company) - Power Corp.) - FPC Colorado - PSC CPL 46. Public Service Company of 47. Public Service Company of 48. Puget Sound Energy, Inc. - New Mexico - PNM Oklahoma - PSO PSE 49. Sacramento Municipal 50. Salt River Project - SRP 51. Sierra Pacific Resources - Utility District (& City of SPP Redding Electric Utility) - SUD 52. South Carolina Electric & 53. Southern Company - SOC 54. Southwestern Power Gas - SCE Administration (DOE) - SPA 55. Southwestern Public Service 56. Sunflower Electric Power 57. Tennessee Valley Authority - Company (Xcel) - SPC Corporation - SEP TVA 58. Tucson Electric Power 59. Turlock Irrigation District - 60. Upper Peninsula Power Company - TEP TID Company - UPP 61. Westar Energy (KPL) - KPL 62. Western Area Power Admin - 63. Western Area Power Upper Missouri-East (Upper Administration - Colorado- Great Plains Region operat - Missouri Control Area WAE (Rocky Mtn Re - WR 64. Western Area Power 65. Western Area Power 66. Wisconsin Electric Power Administration - Lower Administration - Upper Company - WEP Colorado control area Missouri West (Upper Great (Desert Southwe - WDS Plains Regi - WW 67. Wisconsin Public Service Corporation - WPS Figure 3-2. Nodal Model Representation (pathways excluded for simplicity)

As required, the model calculates additional generating capacity and LVAC and

HVDC transmission capacity to meet energy demand or other requirements. These additions occur with the intent of allowing renewable energy generation and distribution while minimizing cost to the consumer. The intent of this structure is to model an open- access market, where the lowest cost of generation is achieved in each region.

Effectively, the model incorporates a typical power dispatch stack as illustrated in

Figure 3-2.

Based on this dispatch stack, the installed renewable energy generators always operate. Lower-cost coal-fired and hydro power will constitute the bulk of the power supply, and natural gas facilities will provide generation for peak demand periods. This dynamic may change over time as fuel prices change, solar and wind generator output becomes more predictable, and energy storage technology becomes affordable.

120

100

1. Lower cost coal, hydro, and nuclear 80 units supply baseload power

40 2. As system demand increases, 3. In times of peak demand, the most higher cost units are dispatched to expensive units (typically gas peaking meet the additional load, units) are dispatched, significantly increasing the average power price. elevating power price.

Operational Cost of Generation ($/MWh) of Generation Cost Operational 20

0 0 20,000 40,000 60,000 80,000 100,000 120,000 Total System Power Demand (MW) Notes: 1. The model assumes that power will be dispatched as in a deregulated market (no bilateral contracts). 2. In this market, solar and wind generators receive precedence and always operate. 3. The remaining power demand is met via this dispatch stack, and lower cost generators will be favored. 4. Regional power price will be the weighted average of the renewable power price and the clearing price from the dispatch stack. 5. Ultimately, the usage of storage mechanisms will also be incorporated into this stack. Stored power will be treated as other generators. Due to the expense, stored power will only be dispatched in critical situations because enough cheaper fossil fuel baseload power will be available.

Figure 3-3. Sample Power Dispatch Stack Operation

3.2.2 Indices

As stated earlier, the model projects infrastructure buildout over the course of 30 years, taking into account several variables, noted by the following indices:

• Year. The model accounts for years 0 (initial condition) to 15, in two-year

increments, leading to 30 years total.

• Season. The model balances electricity demand and generation and also ensures

that adequate generation and transmission capacity is available to meet demand in

all hours in summer and winter.

• Time of Day. The model balances electricity demand and generation to ensure

that adequate generation and transmission capacity is available to meet demand in

all hours in summer and winter.

• Generation. The model considers five generation types: wind power, solar PV,

other renewable energy (modeled as hydro power), coal, and natural gas

combined cycle.

• Regions. The model balances electric generation and demand by ensuring

adequate generation capacity is available in each balancing authority or that

adequate transmission is available for power transfer between balancing

authorities.

3.3 Model Formulation

3.3.1 Trade-offs

To identify the timing, geographical distribution, and physical make-up (i.e., type of generation and transmission) necessary to meet the requirements of the scenarios, the model incorporates several trade-offs:

• Local vs. remote power generation – the model balances the lower delivered

power cost associated with local generation versus the improved capacity factors

and therefore lower unit cost of energy associated with generation sourced from

regions with higher renewable resource.

• LVAC vs. HVDC transmission – the model balances the higher capital costs

associated with HVDC transmission with the lower cost and also lower efficiency

LVAC transmission.

• Near term capital cost expenditure vs. staged capacity installation – the model

accounts for annual limitations in total capacity installation and pending

regulatory requirements for renewable energy to determine the ideal installation

timeframe for new capacity.

• Renewable energy vs. fossil fuel-based generation – the model accounts for

Renewable Portfolio Standard (RPS) requirements, capacity factors, fuel prices,

and relative capital and operating costs in determining which generation

technology to dispatch to meet energy demand.

3.3.2 Decision Variables

These trade-offs were considered through the following decision variables:

• Generation Used. The output used in year (y), season (s), and time of day (t) in

region (r) from generator type (g), calculated in megawatt-hours (MWh).

• Generation Stored (not used but included in case future technology becomes

available). The output stored in year (y), season (s), and time of day (t) in region

(r) from generator type (g), calculated in MWh. The model is constrained such

that output stored during any time of day in any year and season must be used in

the coincident time of day in the same year and season.

• Spinning Reserve. The output used as spinning reserve in year (y), season (s), and

time of day (t) in region (r) from generator type (g), calculated in MWh. Spinning

reserve is set to 5% of total electricity demand and only generation derived from

non-renewable energy-based generators are allowed to fulfill this requirement,

serving as a proxy for needed ancillary services. The model is constrained such

that spinning reserve must be generated in the region in which it will be used or

through LVAC transmission lines with nearby regions.

• Generation Transferred via LVAC from One Region to Another. The output

generated in year (y), season (s), and time of day (t) in region (r) from generator

type (g) but transferred via LVAC to region (e), calculated in MWh.

• Generation Transferred via HVDC from One Region to Another. The output

generated in year (y), season (s), and time of day (t) in region (r) from generator

type (g) but transferred via HVDC to region (e), calculated in MWh.

• New Generation Capacity. The new generation capacity installed in each year (y)

and region (r), classified per generating technology (g), calculated in megawatts

(MW). First year capacity is determined per Energy Information Administration

Form 860.

• Existing Generation Capacity. The preexisting generation capacity from year (y-

1) and region (r), classified per generating technology (g), calculated in MW.

• New LVAC Transmission Capacity. The new LVAC transmission capacity

installed in year (y) between region (r) and region (e), calculated in MW. First

year capacity is derived per FERC Form 714 filings. To account for the difficulty

in obtaining right-of-way for local transmission, new LVAC connections is not

permitted between balancing authorities, but instead only upgrades of existing

connections are allowed.

• Existing LVAC Transmission Capacity. The preexisting LVAC transmission

capacity from year (y-1) between region (r) and region (e), calculated in MW.

• New HVDC Transmission Capacity. The new HVDC transmission capacity

installed in year (y) between region (r) and region (e), calculated in MW. First

year capacity is derived per FERC Form 714 filings.

• Existing HVDC Transmission Capacity. The preexisting HVDC transmission

capacity from year (y-1) between region (r) and region (e), calculated in MW.

3.3.3 Constraints

The model contains the following constraints:

• Total demand constraint – in each region in each year, the total energy generated

plus the total energy imported must equal the sum of the total exported energy and

the total regional energy demand.

• Peak demand constraint – in each region in each year, the total installed capacity

adjusted for expected capacity factor must be greater than or equal to the greatest

15-minute peak demand, accounting for required reserve margin.

• Generation capacity constraint – in each region in each year, the total generation

must be less than or equal to that able to be generated by the total installed

capacity adjusted for expected capacity factor.

• Transmission capacity constraint – in each region in each year, the transmission to

other regions must be less than or equal to that allowable by installed LVAC and

HVDC transmission.

• Flow constraints – the installed transmission and generating capacity in each year

must be additive to the installed capacity in the previous year.

• Construction limitations – in each region in each year, installed generation

capacity must not exceed capability for the market to supply materials. The

maximum installation capacity across all regions for all generation and

transmission types will initially be set to the maximum annual installation

capacity for similar technologies in the United States over the past 10 years. To

account for market response to demand for construction materials, in each year

the installation amount will be allowed to increase by 10% over the previous

maximum.

• Renewable portfolio standard (RPS) constraint – in each region in each year,

generation supplied from renewable sources must be greater than or equal to

regulatory required renewable energy amounts as defined by state renewable

portfolio standards.

• Non-zero constraints – all capacity and transmission additions must be greater

than or equal to zero.

3.3.4 Additional Inputs

Additional inputs to the model include the following:

• Electricity Demand. The electricity demand in year (y), season (s), and time of

day (t) in region (r), calculated in MWh.

• Peak Demand. The peak electricity demand in year (y), season (s), and time of

day (t) in region (r), calculated in MW.

• Required Reserve Margin. The amount of unused generation capacity in year (y)

in each region (r), defined as a percentage of overall capability. This input is used

as a proxy for required reserve capacity and is set equal to current reserve margin

in all regions.

• Expected Capacity Factor. The expected output as a percentage of maximum

generation capability in year (y), season (s), and time of day (t) in region (r) from

generator type (g). Capacity factors will be set to 0.9 for all generation types

except wind and solar due to availability of fuel supply. The 90% capacity factor

accounts for unexpected outages and maintenance shutdowns. Wind and solar

capacity factors are based on local weather data and available resource – output

performance data from leading equipment manufacturers.

• Projected Fuel Cost. The projected cost of fuel for electric power generation in

year (y) for generator type (g), calculated in $/MWh, based on energy projections

from the Energy Information Administration.

• Operating Cost, Variable and Fixed. The industry average variable and fixed

operating costs for generator type (g), calculated in $/MWh. Costs are adjusted in

year (y) to account for the expected inflation rate, which is set to the average

inflation rate over the past 20 years.

• Construction Cost. The capital cost, incurred as an overnight cost, for generator

type (g) or HVDC or LVAC transmission, calculated in $/MW. Costs are

adjusted in year (y) for inflation and discount rates.

• Construction Time. The time required for installation of generator or transmission

type. Costs are incurred as overnight costs in the year that construction begins, but

the generation or transmission are not modeled as operational until after the

construction time has elapsed. Construction times are based on industry averages.

• Renewable Portfolio Standard. The percentage of generation used and generation

imported to a region (r) in each year (y) that must be derived from renewable

energy resources, based on state regulatory requirements. Figure 3-3 illustrates

these constraints. If a balancing authority covers multiple states, the renewable

portfolio standard from the state in which most of the balancing authority lies is

applied.

Figure 3-4. State Renewable Portfolio Standards and Goals (Federal Energy Regulatory Commission, 2011)

• Transmission Losses. The losses in MWh, applied as a percentage of generation

transmitted. Losses are adjusted based on distance transmitted and type of

transmission used. Loss factors are based on industry data.

• Inflation and Discount Rates. Inflation and discount rates are applied to model

costs as base year costs. Inflation rates are set to the average inflation rate over

the past 20 years, and the discount rate will be assumed to be 5%.

3.3.5 Scenarios

The research project goal is to determine implementation plans for multiple scenarios, each envisioning a different regulatory and energy demand conditions to provide insight into potential renewable energy development pathways.

• Base Case. Initial generation and transmission capacity are set per the 2008

version of EIA Form 860 and FERC Form 714 filings. No RPS requirements are

incorporated. Annual energy demand and fuel costs are per Department of

Energy projections with trending into future years. No renewable energy capital

incentives or storage technologies are considered. Parametric analyses are run on

solar photovoltaic capital cost, fuel costs, and annual transmission construction

capacity.

• Increased Solar Power Focus. Initial generation and transmission capacity are set

per the 2008 version of EIA Form 860 and FERC Form 714 filings. Existing RPS

requirements are left in effect. Annual energy demand and fuel costs are per

Department of Energy projections with trending into future years. A 25% capital

cost reduction is put in place for generation capacity installed in the Southwest (a

designated solar-focused project area) due to expected economies of scale, but no

other renewable energy incentives are considered. Energy storage technologies

are not included. Parametric analyses are run on solar photovoltaic capital cost,

fuel costs, RPS levels, and annual transmission construction capacity.

• Improved Development Processes. Initial generation and transmission capacity

are set per the 2008 version of EIA Form 860 and FERC Form 714 filings.

Existing RPS requirements are left in effect. Annual energy demand and fuel

costs are per Department of Energy projections with trending into future years. A

25% capital cost reduction is put into place for generation capacity installed in the

Southwest (a designated solar-focused project area) due to expected economies of

scale, but no other renewable energy incentives are considered. Energy storage

technologies are not included. Initial construction time for transmission is

reduced from four years to two years. Parametric analyses are run on solar

photovoltaic capital cost, RPS levels, fuel costs, and annual transmission

construction capacity.

3.4 Data Requirements and Collection

The research requires the collection of data from multiple utilities and balancing entities regarding existing infrastructure, regulatory requirements, and electricity demand.

Utility demand data and Department of Energy, Energy Information Administration demand projections are also required. Installed capacities, interconnections, and demand data are available per the filings in Energy Information Administration Form 860 and

Federal Energy Regulatory Commission Form 714, which are available online. The

Energy Information Administration also publishes construction cost and fuel price projections for the power sector, which are used in this project.

3.5 Analytical Procedure

The collected data were compiled in a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet and transferred into the Mosel Xpress optimization software package. Chapter 4 describes the

optimization model, and Appendix 3 lists the model text as used in Mosel Xpress.

Appendices 1 and 2 contain a detailed description of model nodes and the model inputs, respectively.

Appendix 4 contains the optimization software outputs for all scenarios and parametric analyses. Specific attention was paid to the annual new build requirement for generation and transmission capacity under various scenarios.

3.6 Modeling Simplifications

The model described in Chapter 4 contains several simplifications to reduce computing time. These simplifications did not have significant impact on the results:

• Aggregation of control areas to a limited number of model nodes. To limit

computing time, the model aggregated small neighboring utilities into larger

groups (see Figure 3-1). This simplification had a large impact on predicted

overall power costs throughout the United States, primarily because intraregional

transmission costs and supply agreements between neighboring regions aren’t

included due to this simplification. The model, however, seeks to optimize

transmission buildout scenarios, and because the largest power flows occur

between larger utilities, clustering of local utilities did not impact projected

transmission line timing and locations. Decreasing the model granularity

therefore only led to the omission of smaller intra-regional transmission lines

• Use of regional geographic centerpoints to calculate transmission capital costs and

losses between regions. The use of geographic centerpoints for transmission line

pathways does introduce some inaccuracy in capital cost and operational loss

projections (i.e., because line distances are longer or shorter than would be

required), but this inaccuracy is acceptable for general optimization. Identifying

specific construction projects would require a more detailed U.S. power system

model.

• Limiting construction of low voltage transmission lines to those areas where lines

already exist. The model did not allow new transmission pathways to be

constructed but instead only allowed the transfer capacity of existing pathways to

be increased. The rationale for this simplification was that the large-scale

transmission buildout would require high-voltage projects rather than hundreds of

smaller low-voltage projects that would have difficulty obtaining environmental

and construction permits. The effect of this simplification on the results was

minimal. Some low voltage projects were eliminated, but the large scale projects

were unaffected.

• Limiting cross-border trade with Canada/Mexico. The model limits cross-border

trade with Canada and Mexico due to a lack of available data on their respective

power systems. Due to the relative magnitude of solar generation capacity

installation in the United States compared to the other countries, this

simplification had a minor effect on the projected buildout scenarios.

• Simplifying generation technologies. The model only considered wind, solar

photovoltaic, natural gas, coal and biomass generation technologies. This minor

simplification had a minor impact on transmission buildout because the projected

transmission needs were based on variable versus firm power and not on the

specific generation technologies available in those categories.

• Continuous function for block size. Projected generation and transmission

additions were not required to be in standard block sizes – for example, coal

power plants capacity additions could be less than 1 MW as opposed to standard

500 MW or larger sizes. Removing a lower limit on installation size would have

made model results unrealistic if it were seeking to identify specific projects,

however, because the model performed macro-scale additions over large

geographic areas and timeframes, this simplification did not skew the results of

the analysis.

Chapter 4 – Model Description

This chapter expands the general description of the model, detailing the optimization equations and the simplified representation of the U.S. electric power grid used in the research. The model attempts to minimize the total energy system cost in the United

States based on the regional power generation mix and several constraints. Table 4-1 lists the components of the model as described below, and Appendix 3 contains the full model text as input into the XPRESS-IVE ® optimization software.

Table 4-1. Model Components Model Details Component Objective TCost: Summation of the cost to generate and transmit electric power, including building of associated infrastructure to satisfy demand for the next 30 years Decision • GENERATED: Power generated in each region in each time period and year Variables • GENUSED: Power used in the region it is generated • SPINRESV: Power used to satisfy spinning reserve requirements in the region it is generated • TRANSGENAC: Power transmitted from one region to another via low voltage AC lines • TRANSGENDC: Power transmitted from one region to another via high voltage DC lines • TRANSRSVAC: Power transmitted from one region to another via low voltage AC lines, satisfying spinning reserve requirements • EXISTCAP: Existing power generation capacity • NEWCAPACITY: New power generation capacity installed in each year • LVAC: Existing low voltage AC transmission capacity between regions • HVDC: Existing high voltage DC transmission capacity between regions • NEWLVAC: new low voltage AC transmission capacity between regions installed each year • NEWHVDC: new high voltage DC transmission capacity between regions installed each year Parameters • ACLOSS: Losses for AC transmission between regions • DCLOSS: Losses for DC transmission between regions • PROXIMITY: Binary function, noting if regions are “close enough together” to merit building of transmission between them. All regions in Southwest allowed to connect to all other regions, and regions allowed to connect if geographic centerpoints within 1000 miles • LVACCOST: Cost to build AC transmission between regions • HVDCCOST: Cost to build DC transmission between regions • TRANFOM: Annual fixed operating and maintenance cost for transmission lines • PEAKDMND: Peak expected electricity demand in each time period in each region • TOTDMND: Total expected electricity demand in each time period in each region • CAPCOST: Capital cost to install new electric generation capacity • VOM: Variable operating and maintenance costs for different electric generation

technologies

Table 4-1 (cont’d) Model Details Component Parameters • FOM: Fixed operating and maintenance costs for different electric generation (cont’d) technologies • FUELCOST: Natural gas, coal, and biomass fuel costs • CAPFACT: Capacity factor for different electric generation technologies • RPS: Renewable portfolio standard – a requirement of percentage of electric demand satisfied by renewable energy. The model also uses WRPS SRPS and ORPS variables to cover wind, solar, and other technology-specific elements of the renewable portfolio standards • RESMARGIN: Reserve margin – a requirement that generation capacity exist in excess of that needed to generate peak demand Indices • REGIONS: 1..67, regions in the United States • YEARS: 0..15, model time steps from initial condition (Year 0) to Year 30, in two- year increments • GENTECHS: 1..5, respectively accounting for each generation type considered in the model – solar, wind, biomass, natural gas, and coal-based power • SEASONS: 1..2, accounting for summer and winter • TOD: 1..2, accounting for day and night Constraints • Electric transmission lines can only be constructed between regions with geographic (qualitative centerpoints within 750 miles on one another descriptions) • Low voltage electric transmission lines can only be constructed between regions already connected by low voltage transmission lines • Newly installed low voltage transmission line capacity is limited to twice the initial capacity • Transmission lines can only be constructed between regions (disallowing the model from assigning transmission from a region back to itself) • Power generated in a region plus power imported must equal demand • Local generation plus imports must also account for spinning reserve, which is 5% of total demand • Intermittent renewable energy sources (wind and solar power) cannot be used for spinning reserve • Generation for use, export, and spinning reserve cannot exceed the capacity of local power plants • Generation capacity of power plants plus import capacity must be sufficient to satisfy peak instantaneous demand • Transmission quantities between regions cannot exceed transmission line capacities • Capacity in each year is the sum of existing capacity plus newly installed capacities, accounting for construction times • Installation of new infrastructure cannot occur before construction time periods are completed • A limited amount of new construction can occur in each year • Decision variables must be non-negative • Renewable portfolio standards must be observed in select scenarios

4.1 Objective Function

The objective function is defined as follows with several subcomponents identified and broken out for illustration purposes:

Minimize Total_Power_Cost,

(4.1) = + + 1 + 2 where,

GENCAPCOST = the sum of the cost over all years (y) for building and

maintaining generation capacity for each generator (g) in

region (r)

GENCOST = the sum of the cost over all years (y), generators (g), and

regions (r) for producing electricity used in region “r”,

including costs for spinning reserve

TRANCOST1 = the sum of the cost over all years (y) for building and

maintaining high voltage DC transmission lines from one

region (r) to another region (e)

TRANCOST2 = the sum of the cost over all years (y) for building and

maintaining low voltage AC transmission lines from one

region (r) to another region (e)

Each of the subcomponents is defined below.

∙ + (4.2) = .., ∙ ..,∈..

where,

Years (y) = 1..Maxyear, index to calculate annual costs, set from

initial conditions in Year 0 to Maxyear, which

identifies the model calculational timeframe.

Maxyear = 15, completed in two-year increments

Regions (r) = 1..67, index to denote modeled balancing authorities in

the United States

Generation technologies (g) = 1..5, index to account for different generation

technologies

EXISTCAP = existing generation capacity in year (y), region (r), of

generation type (g). Appendix 2 lists initial values

(Year 0), based on available data.

FOM = fixed operating and maintenance cost in year (y),

region (r), of generation type (g) – the cost necessary

to run the power plant regardless of production.

Appendix 2 lists inflation factors and initial values

(Year 0), based on available data.

NEWCAPACITY = calculated newly installed generation capacity in year

(y), region (r), of generation type (g).

CAPCOST = installed overnight cost in year (y), region (r), of

generation type (g). Appendix 2 lists inflation factors

and initial values (Year 0), based on available data.

= ∑..,∈..,∈.., + + ..,∈.. (4.3) ∑∈ ∙ + where,

Seasons (s) = 1..2, index to account for summer and winter

Time of day (t) = 1..2, index to account for day and night

Regions (e) = 1..67, index to denote modeled balancing authorities in

the United States. A second regional index is included

to model power transfer from region (r) to region (e).

GENERATED = calculated electricity generated in year (y), season (s),

time of day (t), region (r), of generation type (g)

SPINRESV = calculated required spinning reserve in year (y), season

(s), time of day (t), region (r), of generation type (g).

Assumed to be 10% of total generation as a proxy for

ancillary service costs.

TRANSRSVAC = calculated required spinning reserve of generation type

(g) generated in region (r) and transmitted over low

voltage AC lines for use in region (e) in year (y),

season (s), time of day (t)

FUELCOST = cost of fuel to achieve necessary generation and

spinning reserve in year (y), region (r), of generation

type (g). Costs set equivalent throughout season (s)

and time of day (t). The cost is the product of fuel

cost, power plant heat rate, and locality adjustments.

Appendix 2 lists inflation factors, local cost

adjustments, and initial values (Year 0), based on

available data.

VOM = variable operating and maintenance cost in year (y),

region (r), of generation type (g) – the incremental

operational cost for each unit of power generated.

Costs set equivalent throughout season (s) and time of

day (t). Appendix 2 lists inflation factors and initial

values (Year 0), based on available data.

1 =.., ∙ + ∙ ..,∈.. (4.4) where,

HVDC = existing high voltage DC transmission capacity in year

(y) from region (r) to region (e). Appendix 2 lists

initial values (Year 0), based on available data.

TRANFOM = fixed operating and maintenance cost in year (y) for

transmission lines from region (r) to region (e). Set

equivalent for high and low voltage transmission.

Appendix 2 lists inflation factors and initial values

(Year 0), based on available data.

NEWHVDC = calculated newly installed high voltage DC

transmission capacity in year (y) from region (r) to

region (e).

HVDCCOST = installed overnight cost in year (y) for high voltage DC

transmission capacity from region (r) to region (e).

Appendix 2 lists inflation factors and initial values

(Year 0), based on available data.

2 = .., ∙ + ∙ ..,∈.. (4.5) where,

LVAC = existing low voltage AC transmission capacity in year

(y) from region (r) to region (e). Appendix 2 lists

initial values (Year 0), based on available data.

NEWLVAC = calculated newly installed low voltage AC

transmission capacity in year (y) from region (r) to

region (e).

LVACCOST = installed overnight cost in year (y) for low voltage AC

transmission capacity from region (r) to region (e).

Appendix 2 lists inflation factors and initial values

(Year 0), based on available data.

4.2 Universal Constraints

The model uses several constraints in all scenarios, as follows.

Low voltage AC transmission is limited to existing transmission corridors. This constraint limits the potential for an unrealistic amount of low voltage AC transmission line construction from occurring in areas not suited for new transmission buildout. The constraint states that for all regions, if the regions (r) and (e) are too distant, defined as having geographic centerpoints more than 750 miles apart, then no new transmission capacity (NEWLVAC and NEWHVDC) can be built.

∀ ∈ , ∈ = 0, (4.6) ∀ ∈ , ∈ , ∈ = 0

∀ ∈ , ∈ = 0, (4.7) ∀ ∈ , ∈ , ∈ = 0 Intra-regional transmission cannot be constructed. These constraints are logical constraints, preventing the model software from assigning transmission capacity and generation values from a region back to itself as part of the optimization process.

∀ ∈ , ∈ , ∈ = , (4.8) ∀ ∈ , ∈ , ∈ = 0

∀ ∈ , ∈ , ∈ = , (4.9) ∀ ∈ , ∈ , ∈ = 0

∀ ∈ , ∈ , ∈ = , (4.10) ∀ ∈ , ∈ , ∈ = 0

∀ ∈ , ∈ , ∈ = , (4.11) ∀ ∈ , ∈ , ∈ = 0

∀ ∈ , ∈ , ∈ , ∈ , ∈ , ∈ (4.12) = , = 0

∀ ∈ , ∈ , ∈ , ∈ , ∈ , ∈ (4.13) = , = 0

∀ ∈ , ∈ , ∈ , ∈ , ∈ , ∈ (4.14) = , = 0

Electricity generated in a region, plus imports must equal demand. The first constraint calculates the total generation in a region that is both used locally and exported. The second constraint ensures that all locally used generation plus imported electricity combine to satisfy demand. Regions are prohibited from exported previously imported electricity, preventing an unrealistic wheeling of imports and exports across successive geographic areas.

∀ ∈ 1.., ∈ , ∈ , ∈ = + ∑ ∈ + (4.15)

∀ ∈ 1.., ∈ , ∈ , ∈ = ∑∈ + ∑∈,∈ (4.16) ∙ + ∙ where,

TRANSGENAC = calculated electricity of generation type (g) generated

in region (r) and transmitted over low voltage AC lines

for use in region (e) in year (y), season (s), time of day

(t).

TRANSGENDC = calculated electricity of generation type (g) generated

in region (r) and transmitted over high voltage DC

lines for use in region (e) in year (y), season (s), time

of day (t). As noted, spinning reserve is disallowed for

transfer over DC lines.

GENUSED = calculated electricity generated and used in year (y),

season (s), time of day (t), region (r), of generation

type (g).

ACLOSS = value accounting for losses in AC transmission from

region (e) to region (r).

DCLOSS = constant value accounting for typical losses in DC

transmission from region (e) to region (r).

TOTDMND = total electricity demand in year (y), season (s), and

time of day (t) in region (r). Appendix 2 lists initial

and projected values.

Require local generation and generation imported via low voltage AC lines to be able to accommodate 5% of total demand, which is a proxy for spinning reserve and other required ancillary services. This constraint defines that, for all regions, enough electricity from local and AC imported generation from sources other than wind and solar power (generation technologies 3..5) must be reserved to equal 5% of demand. HVDC imported generation is not allowed for spinning reserve as it is not assumed available for ancillary service requirements. The spinning reserve requirement begins in Year 5 to allow for any model data inaccuracies – effectively allowing regions currently unable to meet this requirement to build enough capacity.

∀ ∈ 5.., ∈ , ∈ , ∈ ∑∈.. + ∑∈..,∈ ∙ ≥(4.17) 0.05 ∙ Prevent intermittent renewable energy from being considered spinning reserve.

These constraints require that for all regions, generation from wind and solar power

(generation technologies 1 and 2) cannot be considered spinning reserve.

∀ ∈ , ∈ , ∈ , ∈ , ∈ 1..2 (4.18) = 0

∀ ∈ , ∈ , ∈ , ∈ , ∈ , ∈ 1. .2(4.19) = 0 Require that regional generation and export does not exceed the production capacity of local generators. These constraints require that the existing capacity multiplied by the capacity factor must be greater than or equal to the sum of electricity generated in the region and used to either meet demand or spinning reserve locally or be exported. The 4380 multiplier in each constraint accounts for the total generation expected in one quarter of the biannual time period, i.e., 8760 hours per year multiplied by two years but divided by four, accounting for two seasons and two times of day.

∀ ∈ 1.., ∈ , ∈ , ∈ , ∈ 4380 ∙ ∙ ≥ + (4.20)+ ∑∈ where, CAPFACT strg = capacity factor in season (s), time of day (t), region (r) of generating technology (g), 0.90 for technologies 3-5 and listed in Appendix 2 for technologies 1-2 (solar and wind power).

Generation capacity must be able to satisfy peak demand. This constraint ensures that local plus import capacity is sufficient to meet peak demand (PEAKDMD ystr ) in all years, seasons, times, and regions after Year 5 (where Year 5 is chosen to allow the model to “catch up” reserve requirements in case of reported generation inaccuracies).

Reserve margin requirements (RESMARGIN r) are set to require 110% of total peak demand be available via generation and/or local import in all regions, ensuring that adequate backup generation is in place in all regions.

∀ ∈ 5.., ∈ , ∈ , ∈ ∑∈ ∙ + ∑∈ ∙ (4.21) + ∙ ≥ ∙

Total electric transmission must not exceed transmission line capacity. These constraints are logical constraints, preventing the model software from assigning electric transmission values greater than capacity as part of the optimization process. Again, the

4380 multiplier in each constraint accounts for the total generation expected in one quarter of the biannual time period, i.e., 8760 hours per year multiplied by two years but divided by four, accounting for two seasons and two times of day.

∀ ∈ , ∈ , ∈ , ∈ , ∈ | > ∑∈ + + (4.22) + ≤ 4380 ∙

∀ ∈ , ∈ , ∈ , ∈ , ∈ | > ∑∈ + ≤ 4380 ∙ (4.23)

Flow constraints, ensuring that new capacities are available for use in later years. Transmission and generation installed in prior years will be made available for use in the current year, accounting for construction time of the respective technologies.

The constraints listed in Equations 4.24 – 4.29 begin in the first years that the technologies could be installed. Later constraints will ensure that no construction can occur in early years, e.g. those years from zero to the specified construction time.

∀ ∈ 1 + _ .., ∈ , ∈ (4.24) = _ +

∀ ∈ 1 + _ .., ∈ , ∈ (4.25) = _ +

∀ ∈ 1 + _ .., ∈ , ∈ (4.26) =

∀ ∈ 1 + _ .., ∈ , ∈ (4.27) =

∀ ∈ 1 + .., ∈ , ∈ 1..4 (4.28) = +

∀ ∈ 1 + _ .. , ∈ (4.29) = _ + where,

Constime_Trans = 4 years (two 2-year increments) in Scenarios 1 and 2

and 2 years (one two-year increment) in Scenario 3,

the amount of time required to construct transmission

lines between regions.

Constime_Trans = 2 years (one two-year increment), the amount of time

required to construct solar, wind, biomass, and natural

gas-based power generation facilities.

Constime_Coal = 6 years (three two-year increment), the amount of time

required to construct coal-based generation facilities.

Construction limitations. For each year, the model limits new transmission and generation construction to approximate economic conditions that represent realistic buildout scenarios. It ensures that buildouts occur over time as opposed to having several thousand megawatts or transmission line miles constructed in the year prior to a new regulatory requirement.

∀ ∈ 1.. (4.30) ∑∈,∈ ≤ 10000

∀ ∈ 1.. (4.31) ∑∈,∈ ≤ 10000

∀ ∈ , ∈

(4.32) ∑∈.. ≤ 2 ∙

∀ ∈ 1.., ∈ (4.33) ∑∈ ≤ 3000

Non-zero constraints. These constraints are logical constraints, preventing the model software from assigning values less than zero as part of the optimization process.

∀ ∈ 1.., ∈, ∈ , ∈ , ∈ (4.34) ≥ 0

∀ ∈ 1.., ∈ , ∈ , ∈ , ∈ (4.35) ≥ 0

∀ ∈ 1.., ∈ , ∈ , ∈ , ∈ , ∈ (4.36) ≥ 0

∀ ∈ 1.., ∈ , ∈ , ∈ , ∈ , ∈ (4.37) ≥ 0

∀ ∈ 1.., ∈ , ∈ , ∈ , ∈ , ∈ (4.38) ≥ 0

∀ ∈ 1.., ∈ , ∈ (4.39) ≥ 0

∀ ∈ 1.., ∈ , ∈ (4.40) ≥ 0

∀ ∈ 1.., ∈ , ∈ (4.41) ≥ 0 Prevention of build during initial conditions. These constraints are logical constraints, preventing the model software from assigning values other than the preexisting capacities (downloaded into the model as Year 0) in years before early construction could be completed.

∀ ∈ , ∈ (4.42) = 0

∀ ∈ , ∈ (4.43) = 0

∀ ∈ , ∈ (4.44) = 0

∀ ∈ 1.., ∈ , ∈ 1..4 (4.45) = ≥

∀ ∈ 1.._, ∈ (4.46) = ≥

∀ ∈ 1.._, ∈ , ∈ (4.47) =

∀ ∈ 1.._, ∈ , ∈ (4.48) =

4.3 Scenario-Driven Constraints

The model also uses constraints that vary between scenarios, as follows.

Renewable Portfolio Standard. Appendix 2 lists renewable portfolio standard requirements for all regions in all years (RPS y r ), based on available data. Scenario 1 does not consider an RPS, but the model incorporates these standards in Scenarios 2 – 3.

Appendix 2 lists existing RPS values.

Scenario 1. No constraint

Scenarios 2-3. RPS requirements are added per the following equation, starting the

requirement in Year 3 to allow the model to “catch-up” in the case of data

inaccuracies:

∀ ∈ 3.., ∈ ∑∈,∈,∈.. + ∑∈,∈,∈,∈.. ∙ + (4.46)∙ ≥ ∑∈,∈ ∙

Cost Reduction (Scenarios 2 and 3). For these scenarios, to account for economies of scale in large-scale solar production, CAPCOST y r is reduced by 25% in regions in the desert southwest, specifically in regions Arizona Public Service Company, Public Service

Company of New Mexico, and the Western Area Power Administration - Lower

Colorado control area.

Development Timeframes (Scenario 3). For this scenario, Constime_trans is set to be 2 years (for project approvals, right of way, etc.).

4.4 Parametric Analyses

Chapter 3 notes several parametric analyses. To perform these parametric analyses, model inputs from Appendix 2 are adjusted as follows:

• Solar photovoltaic capital cost. Solar costs are varied to highlight the price point

at which local capacity at lower resource levels is more cost effective than

transmitted power from higher resource areas. For this analysis, CAPCOST y r is

reduced by 25%-75% over existing values.

• Fuel costs. Fuel costs are varied to highlight the price point at which renewable

energy at lower resource levels is more cost effective than fossil generation. For

this analysis, FUELCOST yrg is increased from 0 - 100% over existing values.

• RPS levels. RPS levels are varied to highlight price points where renewable

energy would be preferable to coal and gas power without incentives. For this

analysis, RPS y r values are varied from zero to 50%

• Annual transmission construction capacity. Construction capacities are increased

to determine if transmission buildouts would occur faster if allowed. For this

analysis, upper bound constraints on NEWLVAC y r e and NEWHVDC y r e are varied from existing values to four times existing values.

Chapter 5 – Results, Conclusions, and Recommendations

This chapter documents the results and conclusions of the analyses and suggests future research steps. This chapter begins with documentation of the expected transmission buildout locations and timelines for each scenario. Simplified graphical views are presented because the outputs cover 30 years over 67 control areas, making detailed outputs too voluminous for the body of this document. However, detailed scenario outputs are available in Appendix 4. Based on these outputs, conclusions are next drawn regarding feasibility of large-scale renewable energy penetration and necessary steps to encourage such a transition. This chapter concludes with a discussion of potential future research for continuing or enhancing the work described in this document.

5.1 Outputs

The following model outputs are presented, noting that for ease of display, the regions are group into general geographic areas of the United States:

1. Figures 5-1 to 5-3 and Table 5-1 present the “Base Case” scenario in which no

RPS requirements are incorporated and no renewable energy capital incentives are

considered.

2. Figures 5-4 to 5-6 and Table 5-2 present the “Increased Solar Power Focus”

scenario in which existing RPS requirements are left in effect and a 25% capital

cost reduction is put in place for generation capacity installed in the Southwest (a

designated solar-focused project area) due to expected economies of scale, but no

other renewable energy incentives are considered.

3. Figures 5-7 to 5-9 and Table 5-3 present the “Improved Development Processes”

scenario in which existing RPS requirements are left in effect; a 25% capital cost

reduction is put in place for generation capacity installed in the Southwest (a

designated solar-focused project area) due to expected economies of scale, but no

other renewable energy incentives are considered, and initial construction time for

transmission is reduced from four years to two years (as a proxy for improved

development processes).

5.1.1 Scenario 1 – Base Case

Based case predicted average nationwide electricity cost is $29.68/MWh over the next thirty years, not accounting for profit, distribution, and other adders. Department of

Energy Projections for similar time periods are closer to $40/MWh, or 30% greater than model predictions, but these projections include profit, congestion, and other factors.

Additionally, the model does not include a limiter on low-cost natural gas generation capacity, which in reality would be constrained by available supply, illustrating that model predictions are within the appropriate order of magnitude.

Figure 5-1 shows very limited coal-based power, but significant natural gas-based power generation additions. Limited renewable energy penetration occurs beyond current installation, as expected due to the lack of incentives and the relative costs differential between baseload fossil fuel technologies and renewable energy; however, some wind energy installations are projected in the high wind resource areas of the central United States and Rocky Mountains – a positive sign that wind power is competitive with fossil fuel based electricity generation in certain circumstances.

Overall, 500 GW of new generation is projected, equating to a 50% increase over existing

capacity in the United States. This result is intuitive given the extrapolation of electricity demand growth used in the model.

100,000 90,000 80,000 70,000 60,000 50,000 40,000 30,000 20,000 10,000

NewGeneration Capacity Installed (MW) 0

Coal (Years 21-30) Natural Gas (Years 21-30) Wind (Years 21-30) Coal (Years 11-20) Natural Gas (Years 11-20) Wind (Years 11-20) Coal (Years 1-10) Natural Gas (Years 1-10) Wind (Years 1-10)

Figure 5-1. Scenario 1 Predicted Generation Capacity Additions

From a regional perspective, predicted generation capacity additions are greatest in the load centers of California and Florida, with generation capacity in the Midwest and

Southeast increasing for local generation and export purposes, as shown in Table 5-1.

The Midwest exported power primarily to East Coast regions, with this power backfilled from the Upper Midwest and Great Plains. As expected in the Base Case, there is not significant electricity export from the Southwest. Renewable energy is prevalent in certain areas of the Midwest and Rocky Mountains (wind power) and the Northwest

(large hydropower), but there is little demand for additional export beyond pre-existing conditions.

Table 5-1. Scenario 1 Predicted Generation Usage Statistics Percent of Renewable Solar Percent of Demand Met Energy Energy Region Generation with Local Usage (% of Usage (% of Exported Generation Total) Total) California 96% 4% 6% 0% Central Plains 95% 21% 9% 0% Florida 99% 0% 0% 0% Mid-Atlantic 92% 3% 2% 0% Midwest 93% 19% 1% 0% New York 88% 7% 7% 0% Northeast 85% 0% 19% 0% Northwest 97% 3% 13% 0% Rocky Mountains 84% 3% 27% 0% Southeast 86% 12% 1% 0% Southwest 91% 8% 13% 0% Texas 98% 11% 2% 0% Upper Midwest 82% 35% 14% 0% Upper Plains 68% 11% 5% 0% West 99% 6% 1% 0%

Figures 5-2 and 5-3 indicate predictions of large-scale electric transmission buildout, but not focused on renewable energy transit. Low voltage transmission reinforcements dominate early years in the Western United States, within and between neighboring regions and California. Early-year buildouts for low voltage and high voltage transmission dominate across the United States, in part to account for the reserve margin requirement; however, generation additions occur in later years, in part due to cost differential with existing facilities – the model effectively predicts that some existing facilities could be mothballed in favor of new, cheaper generation.

The Northeast is generation poor, necessitating increased transmission connections with New York, and Texas is predicted to become a transmission hub, both for low voltage and high voltage applications. In later years, transmission connections increase from the Southwest, but these connections supply lower cost gas power, as opposed to

renewable energy to the middle of the country. In spite of the increased prominence of the Southwest, the Southeast and Midwest are predicted to maintain the region’s current role as focal areas for baseload generation capacity.

Parametric analyses showed that lowering solar price increased solar penetration.

Even without a renewable portfolio standard, the model predicted solar energy installations in sunnier regions with a 25% solar capital cost reduction. Solar installations in less sunny regions required cost reductions over 50%. Natural gas-based generation dominated every scenario, unless fuel prices were doubled combined with significant lowering of renewable energy costs. Removal of the transmission construction limits led to predictions of earlier buildout, but the focus on the Southeast and Midwest remained.

10,000 9,000 8,000 7,000 6,000 5,000 4,000 3,000 2,000 1,000 New LVAC Transmission NewLVACTransmission Installed (MW) 0 Within Between Between Central Within Midwest Between New California California and Plains and Texas York and the the West Northeast

Years 21-30 Years 11-20 Years 1-10

Figure 5-2. Scenario 1 Predicted LVAC Capacity Additions

25,000

20,000

15,000

10,000

5,000

0 New HVDC Transmission NewHVDCTransmission Installed (MW)

Years 21-30 Years 11-20 Years 1-10

Figure 5-3. Scenario 1 Predicted HVDC Capacity Additions

5.1.2 Scenario 2 – Increased Solar Power Focus

In Scenario 2, predicted average nationwide wholesale electricity cost over the next thirty years increased to $30.72/MWh, again not accounting for profit, congestion, and other ancillary factors. The cost increase derives from the projected 115 GW increase in installed generation capacity, necessary to meet renewable portfolio standard requirements.

The inclusion of renewable portfolio standards dramatically changes the projected buildout of new generation capacity. Figure 5-4 indicates that no new coal power generation is expected, and that projections of renewable energy capacity additions increase from 40 GW in Scenario 1 to 266 GW in Scenario 2. Installations in early years are as expected – wind in the central United States and solar in the western and

southwestern portions of the United States. The model does predict solar installations in the Mid-Atlantic region, indicating that solar power is at the verge of becoming cost competitive with traditional power sources. The need for baseload power, coupled with renewable portfolio standards leads to predictions of biomass power in the northeastern

United States, in spite of the high operational expense.

100,000 90,000 80,000 70,000 60,000 50,000 40,000 30,000 20,000 10,000

NewGeneration Capacity Installed (MW) 0

Natural Gas (Years 21-30) Biomass (Years 21-30) Wind (Years 21-30) Solar (Years 21-30)

Natural Gas (Years 11-20) Biomass (Years 11-20) Wind (Years 21-30) Solar (Years 1-10)

Natural Gas (Years 1-10) Biomass (Years 1-10) Wind (Years 1-10) Solar (Years 1-10)

Figure 5-4. Scenario 2 Predicted Generation Capacity Additions

Relative to Scenario 1, interregional electricity transmission increases from 10% to

14% of generated electricity in Scenario 2. Table 5-2 shows that several regions export a large percentage of locally generated electricity. The Midwest, Upper Midwest and

Central Plains export baseload and renewable energy to the East Coast. The West and

Northwest export to California, and the Southwest exports in both directions, covering both baseload and mandated renewable energy needs. The central regions of the United

States are both import- and export-heavy, illustrating the large power flows through the region. California and the Northeast are import-dependent.

Table 5-2. Scenario 2 Predicted Generation Usage Statistics Percent of Renewable Solar Percent of Demand Met Energy Energy Region Generation with Local Usage (% of Usage (% of Exported Generation Total) Total) California 83% 3% 30% 5% Central Plains 92% 40% 9% 0% Florida 100% 0% 0% 0% Mid-Atlantic 87% 8% 11% 1% Midwest 87% 19% 8% 0% New York 88% 8% 26% 0% Northeast 88% 1% 27% 1% Northwest 97% 9% 15% 0% Rocky Mountains 92% 10% 23% 0% Southeast 88% 12% 0% 0% Southwest 80% 38% 20% 9% Texas 98% 12% 1% 0% Upper Midwest 68% 47% 13% 0% Upper Plains 60% 27% 14% 0% West 78% 31% 22% 10%

Figure 5-5 shows increased LVAC transmission construction, up from 20,000 MW of instantaneous transfer capacity in Scenario 1 to over 35,000 MW of transfer capacity in

Scenario 2. Figure 5-6 indicates that HVDC buildout is arrested by the construction limitations, similar to Scenario 1. Buildouts in the early years focus on supplying power to California, the East Coast, and moving low-cost natural gas-based power out of Texas.

The projected low cost of natural gas is a disruptive element in terms of transitioning to renewable energy, absorbing resources for development/transit of this form of generation

– a trend that mirrors current market dynamics in the United States, where gas power has displaced coal. Transmission buildout does support movement from Transmission

buildout from the Southwest, indicating that power flows from the region are feasible but that other drivers may limit interest in centralized solar generation.

10,000

9,000

8,000

7,000

6,000

5,000

4,000

3,000

2,000

New LVAC Transmission NewLVACTransmission Installed (MW) 1,000

0 Between Between Between Between Between Between Within Within Between California California California Central New York Northwest Midwest Southeast West and and and and West Plains and and and West Southwest Northwest Southwest Texas Northeast

Years 21-30 Years 11-20 Years 1-10

Figure 5-5. Scenario 2 Predicted LVAC Capacity Additions

18,000

16,000

14,000

12,000

10,000

8,000

6,000

New HVDC Transmission NewHVDCTransmission Installed (MW) 4,000

2,000

Years 21-30 Years 11-20 Years 1-10

Figure 5-6. Scenario 2 Predicted HVDC Capacity Additions

Similar to Scenario 1, parametric analyses showed that lowering solar price increased solar penetration, whereas increasing fuel cost increased both solar and wind development. Because this scenario includes a renewable portfolio standard, the percentage of renewable energy installed increases significantly. Increasing the renewable portfolio standard leads to increased renewable energy installation, but power price increases accordingly. Removal of the construction limitations on transmission has the same effect as Scenario 1 – increased supply from the Southeast at a slightly reduced

(less than 1% reduction) average power price.

5.1.3 Scenario 3 – Improved Development Processes

Scenario 3 predicts a nearly identical buildout to Scenario 2. Figures 5-7 to 5-9 and

Table 5-3 similar trends to Scenario 2 with slightly modified timing and/or capacity differences between regions, for example slightly greater export from the Great Plains.

The HVDC transmission buildout reaches the upper limit in all years, negating any benefit from the shortened development timeframe in this Scenario. When construction constraints are removed in the parametric analyses, the transmission buildout occurs in the early years with an associated predicted electricity price decrease.

Table 5-3. Scenario 3 Predicted Generation Usage Statistics Percent of Renewable Solar Percent of Demand Met Energy Energy Region Generation with Local Usage (% of Usage (% of Exported Generation Total) Total) California 83% 3% 30% 4% Central Plains 92% 44% 9% 0% Florida 100% 0% 0% 0% Mid-Atlantic 87% 8% 11% 1% Midwest 87% 18% 8% 0% New York 86% 9% 26% 0% Northeast 88% 1% 27% 1% Northwest 97% 8% 15% 0% Rocky Mountains 92% 9% 24% 0% Southeast 88% 11% 0% 0% Southwest 79% 38% 19% 9% Texas 98% 12% 1% 0% Upper Midwest 67% 49% 13% 0% Upper Plains 61% 26% 14% 0% West 78% 31% 23% 11%

100,000 90,000 80,000 70,000 60,000 50,000 40,000 30,000 20,000 10,000

NewGeneration Capacity Installed (MW) 0

Natural Gas (Years 21-30) Biomass (Years 21-30) Wind (Years 21-30) Solar (Years 21-30)

Natural Gas (Years 11-20) Biomass (Years 11-20) Wind (Years 21-30) Solar (Years 1-10)

Natural Gas (Years 1-10) Biomass (Years 1-10) Wind (Years 1-10) Solar (Years 1-10)

Figure 5-7. Scenario 3 Predicted Generation Capacity Additions

10,000 9,000 8,000 7,000 6,000 5,000 4,000 3,000 2,000 1,000 0 New LVAC Transmission NewLVACTransmission Installed (MW)

Years 21-30 Years 11-20 Years 1-10

Figure 5-8. Scenario 3 Predicted LVAC Capacity Additions

18,000

16,000

14,000

12,000

10,000

8,000

6,000

4,000 New HVDC Transmission New HVDC Transmission Installed (MW) 2,000

0 Within UpperWithinPlains Atlantic and Southeast Atlantic and Southwest - - Altantic andUpper Midwest Between Midwest and Texas - BetweenCalifornia andTexas Between Southeast BetweenSoutheast and Texas Between Southwest andTexas Between Midwest BetweenMidwest and New York Between Midwest BetweenMidwest and Northeast Between Midwest BetweenMidwest and Southwest BetweenCentral Plains and Texas BetweenCalifornia and Northwest BetweenCalifornia and Southwest BetweenCentralPlains and Midwest BetweenMid BetweenRocky Mountains and Texas BetweenMid BetweenCalifornia and Central Plains BetweenCentral Plains and York New BetweenCentral Plains and Southwest BetweenMid-Altantic and Upper Plains Between New BetweenNew Yorkand UpperMidwest Between Midwest BetweenMidwest and Rocky Mountains BetweenCentral Plains and Mid-Atlantic Between Southwest and Upper Midwest BetweenCalifornia and Rocky Mountains BetweenMid BetweenUpper Midwest and Upper Plains BetweenCentralPlains and UpperMidwest BetweenRocky Mountains and Upper Midwest Years 21-30 Years 11-20 Years 1-10

Figure 5-9. Scenario 3 Predicted HVDC Capacity Additions

5.2 Conclusions

The developed model showed that there are scenarios under which the Southwest

could supply energy to the United States. The model projected several renewable energy buildout scenarios with intuitive results such as lesser costs equating to more renewable

energy development and reduced transmission costs and timeframes increasing renewable

energy penetration. While the model was not intended to identify specific infrastructure projects, it yielded useful results based on the trends of predictions across the scenarios:

• The Grand Plan could be successful if transmission times and costs were lessened.

All scenarios showed that cross-country transmission could supply load centers in

the California, the Mid-Atlantic, and the Northeast. Annual construction

limitations hinder the predicted buildout, indicating that transmission of low-cost

power could be a viable power supply option. Removal of these limitations leads

to expanded buildouts and overall lower power costs, showing that long distance

transmission of lower cost and/or renewable energy could be cost-effective.

• The Grand Plan would need a national policy directive to be implemented. Due

to low projected fuel costs, the model predicts that natural gas-based power

development would dominate electricity generation and the associated

transmission buildout over the next 30 years, but predicted development

quantities likely exceeds fuel supply capacity, requiring that other generation

sources become available.

• In spite of needs for additional generation, wind and solar power might have

difficultly achieving expanded market penetration without significant storage

capability and better balancing capability. In all scenarios, the model predicted a

need for significant baseload capacity additions to balance variable renewable

energy.

• Expected timeframes for Grand Plan deployment might be delayed as

transmission construction over the near-to-mid-term could be challenging.

Projected transmission buildouts continue at maximum capacity through the end

of the modeled timeframe.

5.3 Future Research

Through the development of generalized buildout scenarios, the model results showed the potential for the designated solar power areas to provide renewable energy to the

United States. Prior to actualizing buildout plans, a more detailed model would need to

be developed, accounting for actual transmission corridors; region-specific policies for transmission construction; availability and more granular pricing of fuel for power plants; and with more specific data on power plant age (and therefore projected retirements); technology costs; fuel pricing and availability, and project electricity demand increases.

Incorporating of storage technologies and the costs for distributed generation would further increase accuracy. Such a model would more precisely define infrastructure requirements, including appropriate development timelines. Suggest scenarios to be considered include the following:

• National vs. Regional Planning. This scenario would be identical to Scenario 3

except that transmission is prevented from higher cost areas to lower cost areas,

indicating that region-specific costs take priority over national planning.

• Increased Solar Power Focus Combined with Storage Availability. This scenario

would be identical to Scenario 3 with the exception that storage technology

becomes available.

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Appendix 1 – Determination of Model Nodes

The model used in this research examines a nodal representation of the U.S. electric power grid. Model nodes are linked to the geographic centerpoints of balancing authority territories because these authorities maintain local power grid stability through balancing generation, demand, and power imports and exports with neighboring authorities. The initial list of balancing authorities is derived per filings of FERC Form No. 714, Annual

Electric Balancing Authority Area (Federal Energy Regulatory Commission, 2012).

To achieve acceptable computation times, efforts are made to minimize model size, so the initial list of 150+ balancing authorities is reduced to 67 nodes. The reduction is achieved through the elimination of balancing authorities located in areas not covered by the model (Alaska and Hawaii) and the combination of some neighboring authorities, for example the inclusion of several small authorities within New England into the larger

ISO-New England authority, which dominates the regional power market. Table A-1 illustrates the reduction of the initial FERC-derived balancing authority list to the 67 model nodes. Balancing authorities are combined due to geographic proximity and preexisting strong electric transmission interconnections.

Table A-1 also contains a listing of electric utilities included in each balancing area, as noted per EIA Form 860. To improve accuracy of initial conditions for available power generation capacity and for electricity demand projections, data are reconciled across FERC Form 714 and EIA Form 860 filings. Note that in further Appendices, the balancing authorities are referred to by the first listed utility in the Table below.

81 Table A-1. Combination of Balancing Authorities and Utilities into Model Nodes

Model Node Included Balancing Authorities Included Utilities Allete (Minnesota Power) Boise White Paper LLC, City of Grand Marais, City of Two Harbors, City of Virginia, Great River Energy Cleveland Cliffs Inc, Dahlberg Light & Power Co, Hibbing Public Utilities Comm, Minnesota Power Inc, Moose Lake Water & Light Comm, Sappi Cloquet LLC, Willmar Municipal Utilities, A & N Electric Coop, Abbeville City of, Acadia Power Partners, Acciona Solar Power, ACE Cogeneration Co, AE Operations LLC, Aeolus Wind LLC, AEP Generating Company, AER NY Gen LLC, Aera Energy LLC-Coalinga, AERA Energy LLC-Oxford, AES Alamitos LLC, AES Deepwater Inc, AES Hawaii Inc, AES Prescott LLC, AES Red Oak LLC, AES Redondo Beach LLC, AES Shady Point LLC, AES Westover LLC, AES Wind Generation Inc, AGC Division of APG Inc, Agrilectric Power Partners Ltd, Air Liquide Large Industries U S LP, Air Liquide Large Industries U.S. LP, Air Products Energy Enterprise, Alabama Municipal Elec Authority, Alabama Power Co, Alaska Electric Light&Power Co, Alaska Power Co, Alaska Village Elec Coop, Inc, Albuquerque City of, Alcoa Power Generating Inc, Alcoa Power Generating Inc Tapoco Div, Alcoa World Alumina LLC, Algonquin-Cambrian Pacific GenLLC, Alice Falls Corp, Allegheny Energy Supply Co LLC, Altura Cogen, LCC, Amalgamated Sugar Co-Nampa, Amedee Gethrm Venture I LP, Ameren Energy Generating Co, Ameren Energy Resources Generating Co., AMERESCO Delaware Central, AMERESCO Delaware South, AMERESCO Janesville LLC, AMERESCO Ox Mountain Energy LLC, AMERESCO Santa Cruz Energy LLC, American Hydro Power PLP, American Mun Power-Ohio, Inc, American Sugar Refining, Inc., Ames City of, Ampersand Gilman Hydro LP, Anchorage Municipal Light and Power, Anderson Power Products, Anheuser-Busch Inc, ANP Blackstone Energy Co, Appalachian Power Co, Applied Energy Inc, Aquenergy Systems Inc, Arcadia City of, Arcanum City of, ArcelorMittal Burns Harbor Inc, ArcelorMittal Indiana Harbor West, Archer Daniels Midland Co, ARCO Products Co-Watson, Arizona Electric Pwr Coop Inc, Arkansas Electric Coop Corp, Aspen Power LLC, Associated Electric Coop, Inc, Atlas Pipeline Mid Continent WestOK LLC, Auburn Board of Public Works, Austin City of, Austin Energy, Avista Corp, B&K Energy Systems LLC, Babcock & Brown Power Op Partners LLC, Baconton Power LLC, Bangor Hydro-Electric Co, Barrick Goldstrike Mines Inc, Barrow Utils & Elec Coop, Inc, Barton Village, Inc, Basin Creek Power Services LLC, Basin Electric Power Coop, Bastrop Energy Partners, LP, Bayswater Peaking Facility LLC, BC Energy LLC, Berkshire Power Co LLC, Berry Petroleum Co, Biofuels Power Corporation, Black Hills Power Inc, Black Hills/Colorado Elec.Utility Co. LP, Bloomfield City of, Blue Spruce Energy Center LLC, Board of Water Electric & Communications, Boise Building Solutions Manufact. LLC, Boise White Paper LLC, Boise-Kuna Irrigation District, Bolivar Energy Authority, Boott Hydropower Inc, Boralex Hydro Operations Inc, Boralex New York LP, Borough of Chambersburg

Table A-1 (cont.) Model Node Included Balancing Authorities Included Utilities MP Boston Paper LLC, Boise-Kuna Irrigation District, Bolivar Energy Authority, Boott Hydropower Inc, Boralex Hydro Operations Inc, Boralex New York LP, Borough of Chambersburg, Boston Generating LLC, Bowater Newsprint Calhoun Ops, Bowersock Mills & Power Co, BP Piney & Deep Creek LLC, Braintree Town of, Brazos Electric Power Coop Inc, Brazos River Authority, Briar-Hydro Associates, Brookfield Power, Brooklyn Navy Yard Cogen PLP, Brownsville Public Utilities Board, Buckeye Florida Ltd Partners, Bunge Foods, Butler City of, CalEnergy Operation Corporation, California Department of Water Resources, California Power Holdings LLC, Christoffer Wind Energy I LLC, Christoffer Wind Energy II LLC, Christoffer Wind Energy III LLC, Christoffer Wind Energy IV LLC, City of Thief River Falls, DL Windy Acres LLC, Edison Mission Energy, Enxco Service Corporation, G Flow Wind LLC, Great River Energy, Green Acres Breeze LLC, High Prairie Wind Farm II LLC, Hutchinson Utilities Comm, K&D Energy LLC, KC Energy LLC, KSS Turbines LLC, Minnesota Breeze LLC, P P M Energy Inc, Planergy Ramsey Methane LLC, Prairie Wind Power LLC, S&P Windfarm LLC, Sunset Breeze LLC, Wolf Wind Enterprises LLC ALE Alliant Energy-East Alliant Energy Generation Operations LLC, AMERESCO Janesville LLC, Calpine Madison Gas & Electric Company Operating Services Company Inc, Domtar Industries Inc, Fairbanks Morse Engine, Modern Mallard Energy LLC, Rock River Energy LLC, Veolia Glacier Ridge Landfill LLC, Wisconsin Power & Light Co, Dane County Public Works, Madison Gas & Electric Co, State of Wisconsin ALW Alliant Energy-West AES Wind Generation Inc, Archer Daniels Midland Co, Bright Light Capital LLC, Southern Minnesota Municipal Power Cascade Municipal Utilities, Central Iowa Power Cooperative, City of Anita, City of Agency Bellevue, City of Brooklyn, City of Coggon, City of Durant, City of Earlville, City of Greenfield, City of Hopkinton, City of Lakefield, City of Lamoni, City of Lenox, City of Montezuma, City of Mt Pleasant, City of Ogden, City of Panora, City of Rockford, City of Sibley, City of St Charles, City of Strawberry Point, City of Sumner, City of Tipton, City of Traer, City of West Liberty, City of Westbrook, City of Whittemore, City of Windom, City of Worthington, Dayton City of, Edison Mission Energy, FPL Energy Crystal Lake Wind LLC, FPL Energy Hancock County Wind, LLC, FPL Energy Story Wind LLC, Gowrie Municipal Utilities, Grand Junction City of, Hawkeye Power Partners LLC, Iberdrola Renewable Energies USA, Industrial Energy Applications Inc, Interstate Power and Light Co, John Deere Dubuque Works, La Porte City Utilities, Lake Park City of, Maquoketa City of, Minwind Energy LLC, NextEra Energy Duane Arnold LLC, North American Hydro Inc, Northern Alternative Energy, Northern Iowa Windpower LLC, Osceola Windpower II, Osceola Windpower LLC, Ottumwa City of, PPM Energy Inc, Truman Public Utilities Commission, Austin City of, City of Blooming

Table A-1 (cont.) Model Node Included Balancing Authorities Included Utilities Prairie, City of Mora, City of Owatonna, City of Wells, Fairmont Public Utilities Comm, Franklin Heating Station, Litchfield Public Utilities, New Prague Utilities Comm, North Branch Water & Light Comm, Olmsted County Public Works, Preston Public Utilities Comm, Princeton Public Utils Comm, Rochester Public Utilities, Southern Minnesota Mun P Agny, Spring Valley Pub Utils Comm, St Mary's Hospital IP Ameren (Illinois Power Co. Control Ameren Energy Generating Co, Ameren Energy Resources Generating Co., Archer Area) Daniels Midland Co, Bunge Milling Inc, Carlyle City of, Carmi City of, Central Illinois Light Co, City of Breese, City of Farmer City, City of Flora, City of Highland, City of Ameren CILCO Mascoutah, City of Rock Falls, Corn Belt Energy Corporation, Dynegy Midwest City of Springfield Generation Inc, Exelon Nuclear, Illinois Electricial Gen Partn, Midwest Hydro Inc, PPG City Utilities of Springfield, MO Industries Inc Works 14, Prairie Power, Inc, Reliant Energy Wholesale Generation LLC, Electric Energy, Inc. Resource Technology Corp, Southwestern Electric Coop Inc, State Farm Insurance, Tate Southern Illinois Power Coop & Lyle Ingredients Americas Inc, Tenaska Frontier Partners Ltd, Trigen-Cinergy Sol- Tuscola LLC, University of Illinois, Village of Rantoul, WM Illinois Renewable Energy LLC, WM Renewable Energy LLC, , City of Springfield, Electric Energy Inc, Midwest Electric Power Inc, City of Fairfield, Red Bud City of, Southern Illinois Power Coop, City Utilities of Springfield, MO AMR Ameren Corporation Control Area Anheuser-Busch Inc, Ashland Inc, City of Marceline, City of Owensville, Missouri Jnt Muni.Pwr Elec. Ut. Comm., Southwestern Bell Telephone Co, Trigen St Louis Energy Corporation, Union Electric Co, WM Illinois Renewable Energy LLC, Ameren Energy Columbia (MO) Water & Light Generating Co, City of Columbia, University of Missouri-Columba APS Duke Energy Control Area Services, Arizona Public Service Co, Catalyst Paper Corp, Falcon Power Operating Company, LLC (Gila River Maricopa Arizona) Renegy Holdings Inc, UNS Electric, Inc, Gila River Power Station LP ASC Associated Electric Cooperative, Inc. Associated Electric Coop, Inc, Bloomfield City of, City of Fulton, City of La Plata, City City of Independence, MO of Macon, City of Memphis, City of Monroe City, City of Rockport, City of Shelbina, City of Unionville, City of Vandalia, Cow Branch Wind Power LLC, CR Clearing LLC, FPL Energy Burleigh County Wind LLC, Loess Hills Farm LLC, Sho-Me Power Electric Coop, USCE-Kansas City District, USCE-St Louis District, Wind Capital Holdings LLC, Independence, City of AVA Avista Corporation Avista Corp, Clearwater Paper Corporation, Ford Hydro Ltd Partnership, Grand Coulee Project Hydroelectric Auth, Hydro Technology Systems Inc, PUD No 1 of Pend Oreille Cnty, Sheep Creek Hydro Inc, Spokane City of, Stimson Lumber Company, Vaagen Brothers Lumber Inc, Washington State University, Wheelabrator Environmental Systems BPA Bonneville Power Administration, AES Wind Generation Inc, Arlington Wind Power Project LLC, City of Bonners Ferry, USDOE City of Centralia, Clatskanie Peoples Util Dist, Co-Generation Co, Colville Indian Power Eugene Water & Electric Board & Veneer, Douglas County, Energy Northwest, ESI Vansycle Partners LP, Fall River PUD No. 1 of Chelan County Rural Elec Coop Inc, Fort James Operating Company, FPL Energy Vansycle LLC,

Table A-1 (cont.) Model Node Included Balancing Authorities Included Utilities PUD No. 1 of Douglas County Frederickson Project Operations Inc., Grand Coulee Project Hydroelectric Auth, Grays PUD No. 2 of Grant County Harbor Paper LP, Hermiston Generating Co LP, Hermiston Power Partnership, International Paper Corporation, Invenergy Services LLC, Longview Fibre Co, Lower Valley Energy Inc, Marysville Hydro Partners, Middle Fork Irrigation Dist, Northern Wasco County PUD, P P M Energy Inc, Port Townsend Paper Co, Power Resources Cooperative, PUD No 1 of Clark County, PUD No 1 of Franklin County, PUD No 1 of Klickitat County, PUD No 1 of Lewis County, Rathdrum Operating Services Co., Inc., Rocky Brook Electric Inc, Rough and Ready Lumber Company, SDS Lumber Co, Sierra Pacific Industries Inc, Snohomish County PUD No 1, Tierra Energy LLC, TransAlta Centralia Gen LLC, U S Bureau of Reclamation, University of Oregon, USBIA-Wapato Irrigation Proj, USCE-North Pacific Division, Weyerhaeuser Co, Weyerhaeuser Co- Cosmopolis, White Creek Wind 1 LLC, William G. Reed Jr, Eugene Water & Electric Board, PUD No 1 of Chelan County, PUD No 1 of Douglas County, PUD No 2 of Grant County CIS California Independent System Operator AE Power Services LLC, AERA Energy LLC, Aera Energy LLC-Coalinga, AERA Metropolitan Water District of Southern Energy LLC-Oxford, Aera Energy LLC-Weir, Aeroturbine Energy Corporation, AES California Alamitos LLC, AES Huntington Beach LLC, AES Redondo Beach LLC, AES Wind Modesto Irrigation District Generation Inc, Airstreams LLC, Amedee Gethrm Venture I LP, AMERESCO Ox Pacific Gas and Electric Company Mountain Energy LLC, AMERESCO Santa Cruz Energy LLC, Ampersand Chowchilla San Diego Gas & Electric Company Biomass LLC, Applied Energy Inc, ARCO Products Co-Watson, Babcock & Brown Southern California Edison Company Power Op Partners LLC, Berry Petroleum Co, Big Creek Water Works Ltd, BP West Coast Products LLC-Wilmington, Burney Mountain Power, California Department of Water Resources, California New Power 2006-1 LLC, California Power Holdings LLC, Calleguas Mun Water District, CalPeak Power - El Cajon LLC, CalPeak Power - Border LLC, CalPeak Power - Enterprise LLC, CalPeak Power - Panoche LLC, CalPeak Power - Vaca Dixon LLC, Calpine Corp, Calpine Corp-Agnews, Calpine Corp-King City, Calpine Corp-Yuba City, Calpine Gilroy Cogen LP, Calpine King City Cogen LLC, Calpine Monterey Cogen Inc, Calpine Pittsburg LLC, CalWind Resources Inc, Cardinal Cogen Inc, Carson Cogeneration Co, Chevron Business & Real Estate Services, Chevron Products Company-Richmond, Chevron USA Inc, Chevron USA Inc-El Sequndo, Children's Hospital & Health, CHI-West Inc, City of Anaheim, City of Corona, City of Escondido, City of Riverside, City of Roseville, City of Santa Clara, City of Stockton MUD, City of Ukiah, City of Vernon, Coalinga Cogeneration Co, Collins Pine Co, Colton Power LP, ConocoPhillips, ConocoPhillips Co, Constellation Operatg Serv Inc, Copley Press Inc, Coram Energy, LLC, Coram Tehachapi LP, Coso Operating Co LLC, County of Sonoma Dept of Trnsp, Covanta Delano Inc, Covanta Mendota LP, Covanta Stanislaus Inc, CPKelco U S Inc, Creed Energy Center LLC, Crockett Cogeneration, DAI Oil Dale Inc, Delta Energy Center LLC, Delta Power Services, Department of the

Table A-1 (cont.) Model Node Included Balancing Authorities Included Utilities Navy, Desert Water Agency, DG Fairhaven Power LLC, Diablo Wind LLC, Diamond Generating Corporation, DTE Energy Services-Woodland, Dynegy Morro Bay LLC, Dynegy -Moss Landing LLC, Dynegy Oakland, LLC, Dynegy South Bay LLC, E I Colton LLC, East Bay Municipal Util Dist, EF Oxnard, LLC, El Dorado Irrigation District, Elk Hills Power LLC, Enel North America, Inc., Enxco Service Corporation, ESI Mojave LLC, EUI Management PH Inc, Evergreen Pulp Inc., Exxon Mobil Oil Corporation, Exxon Mobil Production Co, Fortistar Methane Group, Foster Wheeler Power Sys Inc, FPL Energy Cabazon Wind, FPL Energy Green Power, FPL Energy Mojave Op Serv LLC, FPL Energy Operating Services Inc, FPL Energy Operating Services, Inc., FPL Energy Operating Servs Inc, FPLE High Winds, LLC, Fresno Cogeneration Partners, Friant Power Authority, Frito-Lay North America Inc, Gas Recovery Systems Inc, GE Wind Energy, General Mills Operations Inc, Geysers Power Co LLC, Gilroy Energy Center for Riverview, Gilroy Energy Center LLC, Goal Line LP, Goose Haven Energy Center, Graphic Packaging International Inc, Grizzly Mountain Ranch, GWF Energy LLC, GWF Power Systems, L.P., H H Management LLC, Hanford L.P., Harbor Cogeneration Co., Hawthorne Power Systems, Haypress Hydroelectric Inc, Hitachi Global Storage Technologies, Humboldt Bay Mun Water Dist, HYPOWER INC, Integral Energy Management, International Turbine Res Inc, IPT SRI Cogeneration Inc, Isabella Partners, Juniper Generation LLC, Kaweah River Power Authority, Kenetech Windpower Inc, Kern River Cogeneration Co, KES Kingsburg LP, Kings River Conservation Dist, La Paloma Generating Co LLC, Landfill Generating Partners, Linn Western Processing LLC, Loma Linda University, Los Angeles County, Los Angeles County Sanitation, Los Angeles County-San Gabriel, Los Medanos Energy Center LLC, Lower Tule River Irrgtn Dist, Madera-Chowchilla Power Auth, Malacha Hydro Ltd Partnership, Martinez Refining Co, Mega Renewables, Merced Irrigation District, Merced Power LLC, Metropolitan Water District of S CA, Mid Set Cogeneration Co, Midway-Sunset Cogeneration Co, Minnesota Methane LLC, Mirant Delta LLC, Mirant Potrero LLC, MMA Fresno Power LP, MMA GDC Power LP, MMA LA Power LP, MMA WBF Power LP, MMC Energy Inc, Modesto Irrigation District, Mojave Cogeneration, L.P., Monterey Cnty Water Res Agency, Monterey Regional Waste Mgmt, Mountainview Power Company, LLC, MRWPCA, Mt Lassen Power, Mt Poso Cogeneration Co, Nelson Creek Power Inc, Nevada Irrigation District, North American Energy Services, Northern California Power Agny, Northwind Energy Inc, NRG Cabrillo Power Ops Inc, NRG El Segundo Operations Inc, NRG Energy Center San Diego LLC, Oak Creek Energy System Inc II, Oakdale&South San Joaquin Irrigation D., Occidental of Elk Hills Inc, Oildale Energy LLC, Olcese Water District, OLS Energy- Camarillo, OLS Energy-Chino, Orange County Sanitation Dist, Ormat Nevada Inc, Oroville Cogeneration LP, Oxnard City of, P P M Energy Inc, Pacific Gas & Electric Co,

Table A-1 (cont.) Model Node Included Balancing Authorities Included Utilities Pacific Oroville Power Co, Palm Springs City of, Placer County Water Agency, Plains Exploration & Production Company, Point Arguello Pipeline Co, Procter&Gamble Paper Products Co-Oxnard, Reliant Energy Coolwater, Inc., Reliant Energy Ellwood Inc, Reliant Energy Etiwanda, Inc., Reliant Energy Mandalay Inc, Reliant Energy Ormond Bch LLC, Rhodia Inc, Ridgewood Power Management LLC, Rio Bravo Fresno, Rio Bravo Jasmin, Rio Bravo Poso, Rio Bravo Rocklin, Ripon Cogeneration LLC, Riverside County Waste Management Dept, Saint Agnes Medical Center, Salinas River Cogeneration Co, San Antonio Community Hospital, San Diego City of, San Diego County Water Auth, San Diego Gas & Electric Co, San Diego State University, San Francisco City & County of, San Gabriel Valley Mun Wtr Dt, San Gorgonio Farms Inc, San Joaquin LLC, San Jose State University Fclts Dev &Ops, San Jose/Santa Clara Water P C, Santa Fe Irrigation District, Santa Maria Cogeneration Inc, Sconza Candy Company, Searles Valley Minerals Operations Inc., SERRF Joint Powers Authority, Sharp Grossmont Hospital, Shasta Hydroelectric Inc, Shell Wind Energy Inc., Sierra Pacific Industries Inc, Sierra Power Corp, Snow Mountain Hydro LLC, Solano County, Solano Irrigation District, Sonoma County Water Agency, South Feather Water and Power Agency, South Orange Co Wastewtr Auth, Southern California Edison Co, STS Hydropower Ltd, SunE CPA CDC1 LLC, SunE CPA CDC2 LLC, SunE KHL55 San Bernardino LLC, SunE M5 Holdings LLC, SunE MPC Vacaville LLC, SunE WG113 Moreno Valley LLC, SunE WG45 Woodland LLC, Sunnyside Cogen Partners, Sunray Energy Inc, Sunrise Power Co LLC, Sycamore Cogeneration Co, Synergics Inc, Temple Inland Inc, Tenaska Frontier Partners Ltd, Terra-Gen Operating Co LLC, Terra-Gen Operating Company, Town of Scotia Company LLC, TPC 3/5, Inc., Tri-Dam Power Authority, U S Borax Inc, United Cogen Inc, University of San Francisco, US Renewables Group, Utica Power Authority, Valero Refining Co California, Victory Garden Phase IV Part, Wadham Energy Ltd Partners, Waste Management Energy Solutions Inc, Wellhead Services Inc, Wheelabrator Environmental Systems, Windland Inc, Wintec Energy Ltd, WM Renewable Energy LLC, Yolo County Flood Control WCD, Yuba City Cogen Partners LP, Yuba County Water Agency CLC City of Lafayette Utilities System Lafayette Utilities System, Acadia Power Partners, Boise Packaging & Newsprint LLC, Cleco Corporation City of Alexandria, City of Natchitoches, Cleco Evangeline LLC, Cleco Power LLC, Louisiana Energy & Power Authority City of Minden, City of Rayne, Louisiana Energy & Power Auth, Morgan City City of, Plaquemine City of, Terrebonne Parish Consol Gov't Deleted - data Mid-Continent Area Power Pool N/A captured in MISO N/A breakouts of PacifiCorp - Part II Sch 2 (East & West N/A other areas combined) Southwest Power Pool (SPP) N/A

Table A-1 (cont.) Model Node Included Balancing Authorities Included Utilities Chugach Electric Association, Inc. N/A DLP Dairyland Power Cooperative Arcadia City of, City of Argyle, City of Elroy, City of Fennimore, City of Forest City, Gen-Sys Energy City of Independence, City of Lake Mills, City of McGregor, City of New Lisbon, City of Osage, Cumberland City of, Dairyland Power Coop, DTE Stoneman LLC, FPL Energy Mower County LLC, Garwin McNeilus, Iberdrola Renewable Energies USA, La Farge Municipal Electric Co, Lanesboro Public Utility Comm, Village of Cashton, Village of Viola, WM Renewable Energy LLC DUK Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC Abbeville City of, Aquenergy Systems Inc, Avalon/Mayo Hydropower LLC, Bob Jones Alcoa Power Generating Inc. - Yadkin University, Broad River Electric Coop, Inc, Calpine Operating Services Company Inc, Catawba County, Converse Energy Inc, Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC, FPL Energy Operating Serv Inc, Gas Recovery Systems Inc, Greenville Gas Producers LLC, Iredell Transmission LLC, Lake Lure Town of, Lockhart Power Co, Mills Shoals Hydro Co Inc, Northbrook Carolina Hydro LLC, Pelzer Hydro Co Inc, Salem Energy Systems LLC, Southern Power Co, Spartanburg Commissioners PW, University of North Carolina, USCE-Savannah District, Alcoa Power Generating Inc, Alcoa Power Generating Inc Tapoco Div DEC Duke Energy Control Area Services, Caterpillar Inc, City of Hamilton, City of Logansport, Duke Energy Indiana Inc, Duke LLC (Vermillion) Energy Kentucky Inc, Duke Energy Ohio Inc, Eli Lilly & Co, Hendricks Regional Duke Energy Corp. Health, Indiana Municipal Power Agency, Peru City of, Procter & Gamble Co, Sun Indiana Municipal Power Agency Premium Paper Advisors LLC, Covanta Indianapolis Inc, Indianapolis Power & Light Indianapolis Power & Light Company Co EPE El Paso Electric Company El Paso Electric Co, Hoover Inc, Leviton Manufacturing Inc, Phelps Dodge Refining Corp, Tenet Hospital Ltd EDE Empire District Electric Company (the) Empire District Electric Co EES Batesville Balancing Authority City of North Little Rock, Air Liquide America Corp, Air Liquide Large Industries U.S. City of Benton LP, Air Products & Chemicals Inc, BASF Corp, BASF Corporation, Biofuels Power City of Conway Corporation, Carville Energy LLC, Chevron Oronite Co LLC, CII Carbon LLC, Cinergy City of Osceola (OMLP) - SERC Solutions O&M LLC, CITGO Petroleum Corp, City of Campbell, Clarksdale Public City of Ruston Utilities, Colonial Sugar Refinery, Cottonwood Energy Co LP, Crossett Paper City of West Memphis Operations, Degussa Engineered Carbon LP, Dow Chemical Co, Dow Chemical Co - St Duke Energy Control Area Services, Charles, E I DuPont De Nemours & Co, East Texas Electric Coop, Inc, Entergy LLC (North Little Rock) Arkansas Inc, Entergy Gulf States Louisiana LLC, Entergy Louisiana Inc, Entergy Entergy Corporation/Services (Entergy Mississippi Inc, Entergy New Orleans Inc, Entergy Texas Inc., Ergon Refining Inc, System) Evergreen Packaging Inc, Exxon Mobil Corp, ExxonMobil Corp, First National Bank- Louisiana Generating Commerce, Formosa Plastics Corp, Georgia Gulf Corp, Georgia Pacific Corp - Port Plum Point Energy Associates (PLUM) - Hudson, Goodyear Tire & Rubber Co, Greenwood Utilities Comm, Hot Spring Power SERC REGION Co LLC, Huntsman Corp, Little Rock Wastewater Utility, Louisiana Generating LLC,

Table A-1 (cont.) Model Node Included Balancing Authorities Included Utilities Union Power Partners Louisiana Tech University, LSP Energy Ltd Partnership, Mississippi Baptist Medical, Mosaic Phosphates Co., Motiva Enterprises LLC, NRG South CentralOperationsInc, Occidental Chemical Corporation, PCS Nitrogen LP, Pine Bluff Energy LLC, Potlatch Land and Lumber LLC, PPG Industries Inc, Public Serv Comm of Yazoo City, Riceland Foods Inc., Sabine Cogen LP, SRW Cogeneration LP, System Energy Resources, Inc, Terra Mississippi Nitrogen, Inc., Total Petrochemicals USA Inc, Union Power Partners LP, USCE -Vickburg District, USCE-Fort Worth District, Valero Energy Corporation, Viridis Energy, WM Renewable Energy LLC ECT ERCOT AE Power Services LLC, AES Wind Generation Inc, Air Liquide Large Industries U S Northeast Texas Electric Cooperative LP, Alcoa World Alumina LLC, Altura Cogen, LCC, ANP-Coleto Creek, Austin Energy, Northeast Utilities Service Company Babcock & Brown Power Op Partners LLC, BASF Corporation, Bastrop Energy Sam Rayburn G&T Electric Coop. Partners, LP, Biofuels Power Corporation, Bosque Power Company LLC, Brazos Tex-La Electric Cooperative of Texas, Electric Power Coop Inc, Brazos River Authority, Brazos Valley Energy, Brownsville Inc. Public Utilities Board, Bull Creek Wind LLC, Calhoun Port Authority, Calpine Central LP, Calpine Corp-Hildalgo, Calpine Corp-Magic Valley, Calpine Corp-Texas City, Capricorn Ridge Wind LLC, Celanese Engineering Resin Inc, Channel Energy Center, City of Bryan, City of Garland, City of Gonzales, Clear Lake Cogeneration LP, Corpus Christi Cogeneration LP, Deer Park Energy Center, Delaware Mountain LP, Denton Power LLC, Desert Sky Wind Farm LP, Dow Chemical Co, DPS Gregory LLC, Duke Energy DEGS Ocotillo, E ON Climate Renewables N America Inc, Edison Mission Energy, Elbow Creek Wind Project LLC, Energy Developments Inc, Ennis Power Company LLC, Entergy Power Ventures LP, Enterprise Products Optg LP, Equistar Chemicals LP, Exelon Power, Exxon Mobil Refining and Supply Co., Formosa Plastics Corp, FPL Energy Callahan Wind, LLC, FPL Energy Horse Hollow LLC, FPL Energy Red Canyon LLC, FPL Energy Upton Wind LP, FPLE Forney LP, Freestone Power Generation LP, Frontera Generation Limited Partnership, Ft Worth City of, Gas Recovery Systems Inc, GDF Suez North America, GIM Channelview Cogeneration LLC, Greenville, City of, Guadalupe Blanco River Auth, Guadalupe Power Partners LP, Hackberry Wind LLC, INEOS Nitriles Greenlake, INEOS USA LLC, Ingleside Cogeneration LP, International Bound & Wtr Comm, Invenergy Services LLC, Invista, IPA Operations Inc, Kiowa Power Partners LLC, Lamar Power Partners LP, Lone Star Wind Farm LLC, Lower Colorado River Authority, Luminant Generation Company LLC, Maverick Cty Water Control & Improvement, Minnesota Mining & Mfg Co, Navasota Odessa Energy Partners LP, Navasota Wharton Energy Partners LP, NRG Texas Power LLC, NuCoastal Power Corporation, NWP Indian Mesa Wind Farm LP, Odessa-Ector Power Partners LP, Oxy Vinyls LP, Paris Generation LP, Pasadena Cogneration LP, Pecos Wind I LP, Pecos Wind II LP, Power Resources Ltd, Rhodia Inc, S&L Cogeneration Co, San Antonio City of, San Miguel Electric Coop, Inc, Shell Oil

Table A-1 (cont.) Model Node Included Balancing Authorities Included Utilities Co-Deer Park, Shell Wind Energy Inc., Signal Hill Wichita Falls Power LP, Small Hydro of Texas Inc, Snyder Wind Farm LLC, Solutia Inc-Chocolate, South Houston Green Power LP, South Texas Electric Coop, Inc, STP Nuclear Operating Co, Sweeny Cogeneration LP, Tenaska Frontier Partners Ltd, Tenaska Gateway Partners Ltd, Terra- Gen Operating Co LLC, Texas Municipal Power Agency, Texas Petrochemicals Corp, Topaz Power Group LLC, Trent Wind Farm LP, TXU Generation Co LP, Union Carbide Corp-Seadrift, Union Carbide Corp-Texas City, University of Texas at Austin, USCE-Fort Worth District, Valero Refining Co, Viridis Energy, West Texas Renewables LP, West Texas Wind Egy Ptnrs LLC, Whirlwind Energy LLC, WindPower Partners, 1994, L.P., Wise County Power Company LLC, WM Renewable Energy LLC, Wolf Hollow I L P FE FirstEnergy Corporation City of Bryan, City of Oberlin, Energy Developments Inc, FirstEnergy Generation Corp, FirstEnergy Nuclear Operating Company, International Power America Inc, Morton Salt Co-Morton Intl Inc, Orion Power Midwest LP, P P M Energy Inc, Sauder Woodworking Co, Village of Genoa FPL Florida Municipal Power Agency City of Lake Worth, City of Lakeland, City of Vero Beach, Fort Pierce Utilities Auth, Florida Municipal Power Pool Jefferson Smurfit Corp, Kissimmee Utility Authority, Orlando Utilities Comm, Southern Florida Power & Light Company Power Co, United States Sugar Corp, Florida Keys El Coop Assn, Inc, Florida Power & JEA Light Co, Georgia Pacific Corp - Palatka, Lee County Board-Commissioners, Minnesota City of St. Cloud Methane LLC, Montenay Power Corp, New Hope Power Partnership, Reliant Energy City of Tallahassee Florida, LLC, Solid Waste Auth of Palm Beach, Southern Power Co, Tropicana Products Gainesville Regional Utilities Inc, USCE-Mobile District, Utility Board of Key West City, Wheelabrator Environmental Systems, WM Renewable Energy LLC, Anheuser-Busch Inc, Baptist Lakeland Electric Memorial Hospital, JEA, LES Project Holdings LLC, US Operating Services Company New Smyrna Beach Utilities Commission Orlando Utilities Commission Progress Energy (Florida Power Corp.) Reed y Creek Improvement District HE Hoosier Energy REC, Inc. Hoosier Energy REC, Inc, AGC Division of APG Inc, City of Jasper, Southern Indiana Southern Indiana Gas & Electric Gas & Elec Co Company

Table A-1 (cont.) Model Node Included Balancing Authorities Included Utilities IPC Idaho Power Company Amalgamated Sugar Co-Nampa, Bennett Creek Windfarm LLC, Blind Canyon Aqua Ranch Inc, Boise-Kuna Irrigation District, BP Hydro Associates, Colorado & Santa Fe Energy Co, Crystal Springs Hydro Elec LP, Enel North America, Inc., Exergy Development Group, Fulcrum Inc, Hazelton/Wilson Joint Venture, Horseshoe Bend Hydroelec Co, Hot Springs Windfarm LLC, Idaho Power Co, Koyle Hydro Inc, K-W Co, Lateral 10 Ventures, Little Mac Power Company, Littlewood Irrigation District, Magic Reservoir Hydroelec Inc, Mi-28 Water Power Project LLC, Notch Butte Hydro Co Inc, Owyhee Irrigation District, Power Investments Inc, Shorock Hydro Inc, Simplot Leasing Corp, South Forks Joint Venture, Tamarack Energy Partners, Telocaset Wind Power Partners, The Amalgamated Sugar Co, Tierra Energy LLC, U S Bureau of Reclamation, US Geothermal Inc. IID Imperial Irrigation District CalEnergy Operation Corporation, Colmac Energy Inc, GreenHunter Energy Inc, Imperial Irrigation District, ORCAL Geothermal, Inc, Ormat Nevada Inc NE Boston Edison Company (NSTAR) AE Operations LLC, AES Thames LLC, Algonquin Windsor Locks LLC, AMERESCO Cambridge Electric Light Company Chicopee Energy LLC, Ampersand Gilman Hydro LP, Anderson Power Products, ANP Commonwealth Electric Company Blackstone Energy Co, Bangor Hydro-Electric Co, Bangor Pacific Operating Co, Barton (NSTAR) Village, Inc, Beaver Ridge Wind LLC, Berkshire Power Co LLC, BG Dighton Power Green Mountain Power Corporation LLC, Boltonville Hydro Associates, Boott Hydropower Inc, Boralex Ashland Inc, ISO New England Inc. Boralex Fort Fairfield Inc, Boralex Livermore Falls Inc, Boralex Sherman LLC, Boralex Massachusetts Municipal Wholesale Stratton Energy Inc, Boston Generating LLC, Braintree Town of, Brassua Hydroelectric United Illuminating Company LP, Briar-Hydro Associates, Bridgeport Energy LLC, Bridgewater Power Co LP, Brookfield Power New England, Calpine Operating Services Company Inc, Casco Bay Energy Co LLC, Central Vermont Pub Serv Corp, Chicopee City of, City of Burlington- Electric, City of Holyoke Gas and Electric Dept., City of Marblehead, City of Norwich, City of Peabody, City of Taunton, Clark University, Clement Dam Hydroelectric LLC, CMS Generation Operating LLC, Collins Hydroelectric Partners, Connecticut Jet Power LLC, Connecticut Mun Elec Engy Coop, Consolidated Hydro NH Inc, Consolidated Hydro NH, Inc, Covanta Maine LLC, Covanta Bristol Inc, Covanta Mid-Connecticut Inc, Covanta Projects LP, Covanta Southeastern Connecticut Company, Covanta Springfield LLC, Devon Power LLC, Dodge Falls Associates LP, Dominion Energy New England, LLC, Dominion Nuclear Conn Inc, Domtar Industries Inc- Woodland, Eastman Gelatine Corp, Ecomaine, Entergy Nuclear Generation Co, Entergy Nuclear Vermont Yankee, Errol Hydroelectric Co LLC, Erving Paper Mills Inc, ESOCO Orrington LLC, Essex Hydro Associates LLC, Evergreen Wind Power LLC, Exelon Power, Fairfield University, Farmington River Power Company, FirstLight Power Resources Services LLC, Fortistar Methane Group, FPL Energy Cape LLC, FPL Energy Maine Hydro LLC, FPL Energy Seabrook LLC, FPL Energy Wyman LLC, Franklin Power LLC, Gas Recovery Systems Inc, General Electric Aircraft Engines, General

Table A-1 (cont.) Model Node Included Balancing Authorities Included Utilities Electric Co, Geneva Wood Fuels Inc, Granite Ridge Energy LLC, Great Bay Hydro Corp, Great Lakes Hydro America LLC, Green Mountain Power Corp, Greenville Steam Co, Gregg Falls Hydro Elec Assoc Ltd Ptnrsp, Groveton Paper Board, Inc, Hartford Steam Co, HDI Associates I, Hillsborough Hydroelectric LP, Hull Municipal Light Plant, Hydro Energies Inc, Hydro Kennebec LP, Iberdrola Renewable Energies USA, IPA Bellingham Energy Company, Katahdin Paper Inc, Kinneytown Hydro Co Inc, Lake Road Generating Co LP, Lavalley Lumber LLC, Lawrence Hydroelectric Assoc, Lewiston City of, Lowell Cogeneration Co LP, Lyndonville Village of, Madison Paper Industries Inc, Maine Energy Recovery Co, Maine Renewable LLC, Marlborough Hydro Corp, Marubeni Sustainable Energy Inc, Mascoma Hydro Corp, Massachusetts Bay Trans Auth, Massachusetts Inst of Tech, Massachusetts Mun Wholes Electric Co, Massachusetts Water Res Auth, Massachusetts Wtr RAuth-Deer I, Masspower, Maxim Power (USA) Inc, Medical Area Total Egy Plt Inc, Merimil Ltd Partnership, Metropolitan Dist of Hartford, Middletown Power LLC, Mid-Maine Waste Action Corp, Milford Power Co LLC, Milford Power Ltd Partnership, Millennium Power Partners LP, Miller Hydro Group Inc, Mine Falls Ltd Partnership, Minnesota Methane LLC, Mirant Canal LLC, Mirant Kendall LLC, Montgomery L'Energia Power Partners LP, Moretown Hydro Energy Co, NAEA Energy Massachusetts LLC, NAEA Newington Energy LLC, Nantucket Electric Co, New England Confectionery Co Inc, New Hampshire Hydro Associates, Newfound Hydroelectric Co, NewPage Corporation, Northeast Energy Associates LP, Northeast Generation Services Company, Norwalk Power LLC, NRG Montville Operations Inc, Ocean State Power Co, Ocean State Power II, O'Connell Engineering&Fin Inc, Ogden Projects Inc-Haverhill, Omya Inc, Ottauquechee Hydro Company, Inc., Pembroke Hydro Associates Limited Ptnrsp, Pfizer Inc, Pinetree Power Fitchburg Inc, Pinetree Power Inc, Pinetree Power Tamworth Inc, Pittsfield Generating Company, LP, Plymouth Cogeneration LP, Pontook Operating LP, PPL Maine LLC, PPL Renewable Energy LLC, PPL Wallingford Energy LLC, PSEG Power Connecticut LLC, Public Service Co of NH, Quinebaug Associates LLC, Red Shield Acquisition LLC, Regenesis Corporation, Ridgewood Maine Hydro Partnership LP, Ridgewood Power Management LLC, Robbins Lumber Inc, Rumford Power, S D Warren Co.- Westbrook, Saint - Gobain Abrasives Inc, Sappi Fine Paper North America-Somerset, SEMASS Partnership, SFR Hydro Cor, Sheldon Vermont Hydro Co., Inc., Solutia Inc- Indian, Somerset Power LLC, Somersworth Hydro Company, Inc., Springfield Power LLC, SUEZ Energy Generation NA Inc, Swift River Hydro Operations Co., Inc, Tillotson Rubber Co Inc, Topsham Hydro Partners, Town of Hudson, Town of Ipswich, TransCanada Hydro Northeast Inc.,, United Technologies, Vermont Marble Power Co, Verso Bucksport LLC, Verso Paper Androscoggin LLC, Village of Morrisville, Village of Swanton, Ware Energy Corp, Washington Electric Coop Inc, Waterside Power, LLC,

Table A-1 (cont.) Model Node Included Balancing Authorities Included Utilities Wausau Papers of New Hampshire, Wellesley College, Wheelabrator Environmental Systems, WM Renewable Energy LLC, Wood Group Power Operations - Dartmouth, Worcester Energy Partners Inc, WPS New England Generation Inc, Zapco Energy Tactics Corp KCP Kansas City Board of Public Utilities & Kansas City City of, Carrollton Board of Public Wks, City of Fayette, City of Gardner, Wyandotte County City of Garnett, City of Marshall, Dogwood Energy LLC, Kansas City Power & Light Kansas City Power & Light Company Co, KCP&L Greater Missouri Operations Co, Osawatomie City of, Ottawa City of, Butler City of, City of Albany, City of Bethany, City of Gallatin, City of Odessa, City of Stanberry, Melrose Public Utilities LW City of Burbank City of Burbank Water and Power Los Angeles Department of Water and Air Products & Chemicals Inc, California Institute-Technolgy, City of Glendale, City of Power Pasadena, LAX Airport, Los Angeles City of, Los Angeles County, Praxair Inc, Tesoro Refining and Marketing Company, University of California-LA, Waste Management Energy Solutions Inc LGE Louisville Gas & Electric and Kentucky Bluegrass Generation Co LLC, City of Owensboro, City of Paris, Kentucky Utilities Co, Utilities Lock 7 Hydro Partners LLC, Louisville Gas & Electric Co, Western Kentucky Energy Big Rivers Electric Corporation Corp

MIP Consumers Energy Company Ada Cogeneration Ltd Partnership, Bay Windpower LLC, Cadillac Renewable Energy Detroit Edison Company LLC, Central Michigan University, City of Detroit, City of Grand Haven, City of Hart Michigan Electric Power Coordinated Hydro, City of Holland, City of Lowell, City of Marshall, City of Portland, City of St Center Louis, City of Zeeland, Clinton Village of, Cloverland Electric Co-op, CMS Generation Michigan Electric Powr Coor. Center - MI Power LLC, CMS Generation Operating LLC, Coldwater Board of Public Util, Detroit Consumers Energy Co, Dearborn Industrial Gen Inc, Decorative Panels International,

Table A-1 (cont.) Model Node Included Balancing Authorities Included Utilities Wolverine Power Supply Coop., Inc. Inc., Detroit Edison Co, DPS Michigan, LLC, DTE East China LLC, DTE Pontiac North LLC, Entergy Nuclear Palisades LLC, EQ-Waste Energy Services Inc, Gas Recovery Systems Inc, General Motors Corp-Powertrain, Granger Electric Co, Great Lakes Energy Coop, Great Lakes Tissue Co, Harvest Windfarm LLC, Hillman Power Co, Hillsdale Board of Public Wks, Hutzel Hospital, Jackson County Res Recovery, JHP Pharmaceuticals LLC, Kent County, Kinder Morgan Power Co, Lafarge Corp, Lansing Board of Water and Light, LES Project Holdings LLC, Michigan Public Power Agency, Michigan South Central Pwr Agy, Michigan State University, Michigan Wind 1 LLC, Midland Cogeneration Venture, New Covert Generating Company LLC, Newberry Water & Light Board, North American Natural Res, PMCC Leasing Corp, Renaissance Power LLC, S D Warren Co, STS HydroPower Ltd, STS HydroPower Ltd-Cascade Dam, STS HydroPower Ltd-French LDam, TES Filer City Station LP, Thumb Electric Coop of Mich, Thunder Bay Power Co, Tower Kleber Ltd Partnership, University of Michigan, Viking Energy Corp, WM Renewable Energy LLC, Wolverine Pwr Supply Coop, Inc, Wyandotte Municipal Serv Comm MEC Corn Belt Power Cooperative Ag Processing Inc, AgriWind LLC, Ames City of, Atlantic Municipal Utilities, Bancroft MidAmerican Energy Company Municipal Utilities, Cedar Falls Utilities, City of Coon Rapids, City of Corning, City of Muscatine Power & Water Dike, City of Estherville, City of Graettinger, City of Laurens, City of Manning, City of Milford, City of New Hampton, City of Onawa, City of Pocahontas, City of Primghar, City of State Center, City of Webster City, City of West Bend, Cordova Energy Co LLC, Corn Belt Power Coop, Davenport City of, Edison Mission Energy, Geneseo City of, Grundy Center Mun Light & Power, Harlan City of, Illinois Electricial Gen Partn, Indianola Municipal Utilities, Iowa Methodist Medical Center, Iowa State University, John Deere Harvester Works Co, MidAmerican Energy Co, Pella City of, Spencer City of, Story City City of, Stuart City of, University of Iowa, University of Northern Iowa, Villisca City of, Winterset City of, WM Renewable Energy LLC, Board of Water Electric & Communications N/A - not Anchorage Municipal Light & Power included in Hawaiian Electric Company, Inc model NPP Nebraska Public Power District Central Nebraska Pub P&I Dist, City of Ansley, City of Blue Hill, City of Broken Bow,

Table A-1 (cont.) Model Node Included Balancing Authorities Included Utilities Lincoln Electric System City of Burwell, City of Cambridge, City of Chappell, City of Crete, City of Curtis, City of David City, City of Deshler, City of Emerson, City of Franklin, City of Kimball, City of Lyons, City of Ord, City of Pender, City of Plainview, City of Red Cloud, City of Stuart, City of Wakefield, City of Wayne, City of West Point, City of Wisner, Grand Island City of, Hastings City of, Loup River Public Power Dist, Municipal Energy Agency of NE, Nebraska Public Power District, Sargent City of, Sutherland City of, Village of Arnold, Village of Campbell, Village of Mullen, Village of Oxford, Village of Spalding, Wahoo City of, Lincoln Electric System NP Nevada Power Company El Dorado Energy LLC, Las Vegas Power Company LLC, Nevada Cogeneration Assoc # 1, Nevada Cogeneration Assoc # 2, Nevada Power Co, Saguaro Power Co, Soda Lake Ltd Partnership, Solar Star NAFB LLC, SWG Nevada Operation LLC, Terra-Gen Operating Company NY Consolidated Edison Co. of NY Inc. AER NY Gen LLC, AES Cayuga LLC, AES Greenidge, AES Somerset LLC, AES New York Independent System Westover LLC, AG Energy LP, Alice Falls Corp, Astoria Energy LLC, Black River Operator, Inc. Generation LLC, Boralex Hydro Operations Inc, Brookfield Power, Brooklyn Navy Yard New York State Electric & Gas Cogen PLP, Burrows Paper Corp, Calpine Eastern Corp, Carr Street Generating Sta LP, Corporation Carthage Energy LLC, Catskill Mts Energy Corporation, Cellu Tissue Corporation, Rochester Gas and Electric Corporation Central Hudson Gas & Elec Corp, Central Vermont Pub Serv Corp, Chasm Hydro Partnership, CHI Energy Inc, City of Watertown, Consolidated Edison Co-NY Inc, Consolidated Hydro New York, Inc., Covanta Babylon Inc, Covanta Energy of Niagara LP, Covanta Hempstead Company, Covanta Onondega LP, Dahowa Hydro, Dunkirk Power LLC, Dynegy Northeast Gen Inc, E ON Climate Renewables N America Inc, Eastman Kodak Co, Empire Hydro Partners, Entergy Nuc Fitzpatrick LLC, Entergy Nuclear Indian Point 2, Entergy Nuclear Indian Point 3, EPCOR Generation Inc, Equus Power I, L.P.,, Erie Boulevard Hydropower LP, Finch Paper LLC, Flat Rock Windpower, LLC, Fort Miller Associates, FortisUS Energy Corp, Fourth Branch Assoc- Long Fall, General Mills Inc, Hampshire Paper Co Inc, Hawkeye Energy Greenport LLC, Hofstra University, Hollingworth & Vose Co, Hollow Dam Power Company, Horizon Wind Energy LLC, Huntington Resource Recovery, Indeck-Corinth Ltd Partnership, Indeck-Energy Serv Silver Spg, Indeck-Olean Ltd Partnership, Indeck- Oswego Ltd Partnership, Indeck-Yerkes Ltd Partnership, Innovative Energy Systems Inc, IPC-Ticonderoga, Jamaica Bay Peaking Facility, LLC, Jamestown Board of Public Util, KeySpan Generation LLC, KIAC Partners, Lachute Hydro Co Inc, Laidlaw Energy Group Inc., Little Falls Hydroelec Assoc, Lockport Energy Associates LP, Lower Saranac Hydro Partner LP, Lyonsdale Biomass, Minnesota Methane LLC, Mirant New York Inc, Model City Energy LLC, Montenay Dutchess LLC, Montenay Islip Inc, Mt Ida Associates, Nassau Energy Corp, New Athens Generating Company LLC, New York Power Authority, New York State Elec & Gas Corp, New York Zoological Society,

Table A-1 (cont.) Model Node Included Balancing Authorities Included Utilities Newport Hydro Associates, Niagara Generation LLC, Niagara Wind Power LLC, Nine Mile Point Nuclear Sta LLC, Nissequoque Cogen Partners, Noble Wind Operations LLC, North American Energy Services, Northbrook Lyons Falls LLC, NRG Arthur Kill Operations Inc, NRG Astoria Gas Turbine Operations Inc, NRG Huntley Operations Inc, NRG Oswego Harbor Power Operations Inc, Oswego City of, Oswego County, Oswego Hydro Limited Partnership, PE Bay Shore LLC, Pinelawn Power LLC, PPL Edgewood Energy LLC, PPL Shoreham Energy LLC, Project Orange Associates LP, PSEG Power New York Inc, R.E. Ginna Nuclear Power Plant, LLC, Rensselaer Cogeneration LLC, Ridgewood Power Management LLC, Rochester Gas & Electric Corp, RPL Holding Inc, Saranac Power Partners LP, Selkirk Cogen Partners LP, Seneca Energy II, Seneca Power Partners LP, Sithe Energies Inc, Sithe/Independence LLC, South Oak Hospital, Standard Binghamton LLC, Sterling Power Partners LP, Stillwater Associates, Syracuse Energy Corp, Tannery Island Power Corp, TC Ravenswood LLC, Trafalgar Power Inc, Triton Power Co, Tug Hill Energy Inc, U S Gypsum Co, U S Power Generating Company LLC, Valley Falls Associates, Village of Freeport, Village of Greenport, Watervliet City of, WEHRAN Energy Corporation, West End Dam Associates, Wheelabrator Environmental Systems, Windsor Machinery Co Inc, WM Renewable Energy LLC, WPS Power Developement, Wyeth-Averst Lederle, Zapco Energy Tactics Corp NIP Northern Indiana Public Service ArcelorMittal Burns Harbor Inc, ArcelorMittal Indiana Harbor West, ArcelorMittal USA Company Inc, BP Alternative Energy, City of Rensselaer, Cokenergy Inc, Northern Indiana Pub Wabash Valley Power Association, Inc. Serv Co, Orion Energy Group LLC, Portside Energy Corp, United States Steel-Gary, Wabash Valley Power Assn, Inc NSP Minnesota Municipal Power Agency Acciona Wind Energy USA LLC, Blue Breezes II LLC, Blue Breezes LLC, Breezy Northern States Power Company Bucks I LLC, Breezy Bucks II LLC, Calpine Central LP, Carstensen Wind LLC, CHI Operations Inc, City of Barron, City of Blue Earth, City of Elk River, City of Lake Crystal, City of Madelia, City of Marshall, City of Mountain Lake, City of River Falls, City of St James, Cottage Grove Operating Services LLC, Delano Municipal Utilities, Edison Mission Energy, Enxco Service Corporation, Fey Windfarm LLC, Flambeau Hydro LLC, FPL Energy Operating Services, Inc., Garwin McNeilus, Gas Recovery Systems Inc, Glencoe Light & Power Comm, Granite Falls City of, Greenback Energy LLC, Hastings Lock & Dam, Invenergy Services LLC, Janesville City of, Kas Brothers Windfarm LLC, Kenyon Municipal Utilities, Lake Benton Power Part II LLC, LCO Hydro, Lucky Wind LLC, Marshall Wind 1 LLC, Marshall Wind 2 LLC, Marshall Wind 3 LLC, Marshall Wind 4 LLC, Marshall Wind 5 LLC, Marshall Wind 6 LLC, Minnesota Municipal Power Agny, Minwind Energy LLC, Neshkoro Power Assn, New Ulm Public Utilities Comm, Northern Alternative Energy, Northern Lights Wind LLC, Northern States Power Co, Northwestern Wisconsin Elec Co, P P M Energy Inc, Rapidan Redevelopment LP, Redwood Falls Public Util Comm, Roadrunner I LLC, Salty Dog I

Table A-1 (cont.) Model Node Included Balancing Authorities Included Utilities LLC, Salty Dog II LLC, Shane's Wind Machine LLC, Sleepy Eye Public Utility Comm, Springfield Public Utils Comm, St Paul Cogeneration LLC, Stahl Wind Energy LLC, Tofteland Windfarm LLC, Wally's Wind Farm LLC, Wausau Paper of Minnesota LLC, Windcurrent Farms LLC, Windy Dog I LLC, WM Renewable Energy LLC NWE Glacier Wind Balancing Authority Basin Creek Power Services LLC, Colstrip Energy LP, Hydrodynamics Inc, Invenergy NorthWestern Energy Services LLC, Montana Dept-Natural Res&Consv, NaturEner Glacier Wind Energy 1 NorthWestern Energy (South Dakota) LLC, PPL Montana LLC, Rocky Mountain Power Inc, Smurfit-Stone Container Corp, Yellowstone Energy LP OGE Oklahoma Gas & Electric Company AES Shady Point LLC, FPL Energy Oklahoma Wind LLC, Oklahoma Gas & Electric Co, Oklahoma State University, PowerSmith Cogen Proj LP OPD Omaha Public Power District Auburn Board of Public Works, City of Falls City, City of Nebraska City, City of Tecumseh, Fremont City of, Omaha City of, Omaha Public Power District OTP Minnkota Power Cooperative, Inc. CHI Operations Inc, City of Alexandria, City of Benson, City of Detroit Lakes, City of Otter Tail Power Company Halstad, City of Hillsboro, City of Perham, Dakota Magic Casino, FPL Energy Square Butte Electric Coop Ashtabula Wind LLC, FPL Energy Langdon Wind LLC, FPL Energy North Dakota Wind LLC, FPL Energy Oliver County Wind, FPL Energy Oliver County Wind II LLC, Grafton City of, Hawley Public Utilities Comm, Minnkota Power Coop, Inc, Otter Tail Power Co, State Auto Insurance, Inc., Stevens Community Medical Center, Valley Queen Cheese Factory, Inc. PE PacifiCorp - East AES Wind Generation Inc, Beaver City Corporation, Birch Power Co, CDM Hydroelectric Co, CER Generation LLC, City of Bountiful, City of Logan, City of Manti, City of Murray, City of Springville, City of St George, Colorado Energy Management LLC, Davis CSWM & Energy RSSD, Deseret Generation & Tran Coop, Dry Creek LLC, Edison Mission Energy, Exxon Mobil Production Co, Fackrell Robert, FPL Energy Wyoming Wind LLC, General Chemical Corp, Heber Light & Power Company, Idaho Falls City of, Invenergy Services LLC, Kennecott Utah Copper Corporation, Lagoon Corp, LES Project Holdings LLC, Marsh Valley Development Inc, PacifiCorp, Payson City Corporation, Primary Childrens Medical Ctr, Simplot Phosphates LLC, Strawberry Water Users Assn, Sunnyside Cogeneration Assoc, Tesoro Refng Marketing Co Mntn Region, Washington Cnty Wtr Consv Dist, Weber Basin Water Conserv Dist

Table A-1 (cont.) Model Node Included Balancing Authorities Included Utilities PW PacifiCorp - West Biomass One LP, Boise Building Solutions Manufact. LLC, Central Oregon Irrigation Dist, Co-Gen II, Desehutes Valley Water District, Emerald People's Utility Dist, Eurus Combine Hills I LLC, Evergreen BioPower LLC, Falls Creek Hydropower LP, Farmer's Irrigation District, HDI Associates V, International Paper, Lacomb Irrigation Dist, Oregon Environmental Industries LLC, Pacific Klamath Energy Inc, PacifiCorp, Ridgewood Power Management LLC, Roseburg Forest Products, Roseburg Forest Products Co, Slate Creek Hydro Assoc LP, USCE-North Pacific Division, Walla Walla City of, Warm Springs Forest Prod Indst, Warm Springs Power Enterprises, Yakima- Tieton Irrigation Dist PJM American Electric Power Company, Inc. A & N Electric Coop, AE Operations LLC, AEP Generating Company, AES Beaver American Municipal Power-Ohio, Inc. Valley, AES Prescott LLC, AES Red Oak LLC, AES WR Ltd Partnership, Algonquin- Buckeye Power, Inc. Cambrian Pacific GenLLC, Allegheny Electric Coop Inc, Allegheny Energy Supply Co Dayton Power & Light Company, The LLC, Ameren Energy Generating Co, AMERESCO Delaware Central, AMERESCO East Kentucky Power Cooperative Delaware South, American Bituminous Power LP, American Hydro Power PLP, Old Dominion Elec. Coop., Inc.- American Mun Power-Ohio, Inc, American Sugar Refining, Inc., Anheuser-Busch Inc, Delmarva P&L Planning Appalachian Power Co, Appomattox River Associates LP, Aquenergy Systems Inc, Old Dominion Elec. Coop., Inc.-Dom Arcanum City of, Aventis Pharmaceuticals Inc, Babcock & Brown Power Op Partners VA Pwr Planning LLC, Bayonne Plant Holding, LLC, Beaver Falls Municipal Auth, Berlin Town of, Ohio Valley Electric Corporation & Bethlehem Renewable Energy LLC, Birchwood Power Partners LP, Borough of Indiana-Kentucky Electric Corp. Chambersburg, BP America Inc, BP Piney & Deep Creek LLC, Bristol-Myers Squibb Orange & Rockland Utils., Inc. Co, Buckeye Power, Inc, Bucknell University, Calpine Newark LLC, Calvert Cliffs PJM Interconnection AEP-Dayton Hub Nuclear PP Inc, Cambria CoGen Co, Camden Cogen LP, Camden County Energy Recovery Corp, Cardinal Operating Co, CHI Energy Inc, City of Columbus, City of PJM Interconnection Dominion Hub Danville, City of Dover, City of Franklin, City of Geneva, City of Manassas, City of PJM Interconnection Eastern Hub Orrville, City of Painesville, City of Richmond, City of Salem, City of Seaford, City of PJM Interconnection Illinois Hub Shelby, City of St Marys, City of Sturgis, Cogen Technologies Linden Vent, Colmac PJM Interconnection LLC Clarion Inc, Columbus Southern Power Co, Commonwealth Chesapeake Co LLC, PJM Interconnection North Illinois Hub Conectiv Atlantic Generatn Inc, Conectiv Bethlehem LLC, Conectiv Delmarva Gen Inc, PJM Interconnection Western Hub Constellation Power Source Gen, Corn Products Intl Inc, Covanta Delaware Valley LP, Covanta Essex Company, Covanta Fairfax Inc, Covanta Lancaster Inc, Covanta Montgomery, Inc., Covanta Union Operations LLC, Covanta Warren Energy Resource Co LP, D/R Hydro Co, Dayton Power & Light Co, DEGS of Narrows LLC, Delaware Municipal Electric Corp, Dominion Elwood Services Co, Dominion Energy Services Co, Domtar LLC, Domtar Paper Co LLC Kingsport Mill, Domtar Paper Company LLC, Doswell Ltd Partnership, DPL Energy LLC, DSM Nutritional Products, DuPage County, Duraco Products Inc, E F Kenilworth, Eastern Landfill Gas LLC, Easton Utilities Comm, Ebensburg Power Co, Edgecombe Operating Services LLC, Edison Mission Energy, Energy Developments Inc, Energy Systems North East LLC, Exelon Nuclear, Exelon

Table A-1 (cont.) Model Node Included Balancing Authorities Included Utilities Power, ExxonMobil Oil Corp, Fairless Energy LLC, Fauquier Landfill Gas, LLC, FirstEnergy Generation Corp, FirstEnergy Nuclear Operating Company, FPL Energy FPL E Mill Run WIndpower LLC, FPL Energy LLC, FPL Energy Marcus Hook LP, FPL Energy Meyersdale Windpower LLC, FPL Energy MH50 LP, FPL Energy Operating Serv Inc, FPL Energy Pennsylvania Wind LLC, French Paper Co, Gas Recovery Services-IL Inc, Gas Recovery Systems Inc, Gauley River Power Partners LP, GE Energy Financial Services, General Electric Co, Geneva Energy LLC, Gilberton Power Co, Grays Ferry Cogen Partnership, Great Falls Hydroelectric, Green Gas-Pioneer Crossing Energy LLC, Handsome Lake Energy LLC, Harrisburg Authority, Harrisonburg City of, Hawks Nest Hydro LLC, Hazleton Generation LLC, High Trail Wind Farm LLC, Hoffer Plastics, Hoge Lumber Co, Horsehead Corporation, Hunterdon Cogeneration LP, Iberdrola Renewable Energies USA, Illinois Electricial Gen Partn, Illinois Institute-Technology, Indeck Operations Inc, Indian River Operations Inc, Indiana Michigan Power Co, Indiana University of Penn, Industrial Energy Applications Inc, Ingersall Machine Tools Inc., International Paper, Inter-Power/AhlCon Partners, L.P., Invenergy Services LLC, Invista, IPA Operations Inc, James River Cogeneration Co, Jersey Central Power & Lt Co, Kankakee City of, Kentucky Power Co, Kimberly- Clark Corp, Kinsley's Landfill Inc, KMS Crossroads Inc, Koppers Inc, Koppers Inc - Susquehanna, LES Project Holdings LLC, Lincoln Generating Facility LLC, Little Co of Mary Hospital, Lower Mount Bethel Energy LLC, M&M Mars Inc, Mars Snackfood US LLC, Maryland Environmental Service, Maxim Power (USA) Inc, MeadWestvaco Corp, Merck & Co Inc, Merck & Co Inc-West Point, Metro Wtr Recl Dist Grtr Chi, MF Mesa Lane LLC, Middlesex Generating Company LLC, Midwest Generations EME LLC, Midwest Hydro Inc, Minnesota Methane LLC, Mirant Chalk Point LLC, Mirant Mid- Atlantic LLC, Mirant Potomac River LLC, Modern Mallard Energy LLC, Monmouth Energy Inc, Monongahela Power Co, Montclair State Univ Cogen, Montenay Montgomery LP, Moose International, Morgantown Energy Associates, Morris Cogeneration LLC, Mount Carmel Cogen Inc, NAEA Operating Company LLC, NAEA Rock Springs LLC, NAES Corporation, Nalco Co, National Power Coop Inc, NEO Freehold Gen LLC, New Martinsville Hannibal Hydro, Newark Bay Cogeneration Partnership, NewPage Corporation, North American Energy Services, North American Energy Services Company, North Carolina El Member Corp, North Jersey Energy Assoc LP, Northeastern Power Co, NRG Energy Center Dover LLC, NRG Energy Center Paxton LLC, NRG Vienna Operations Inc, Oakland Hydropower Company, Ohio Power Co, Ohio University, Old Dominion Electric Coop, Old Trail Wind Farm LLC, Ontelaunee Energy Center, Orion Energy Group LLC, Orion Power Midwest LP, P H Glatfelter Co, Panda-Brandywine LP, Panther Creek Partners, Park 500 Philip Morris USA, Pawtucket Power Associates LP, PEI Power Corp, Pennsylvania Renewable

Table A-1 (cont.) Model Node Included Balancing Authorities Included Utilities Resources, PEPCO Energy Services, Pharmacia Corp, Pleasants Energy LLC, Portsmouth Operating Services LLC, Potomac Power Resources, PPG Industries Inc Natrium, PPL Brunner Island LLC, PPL Holtwood LLC, PPL Martins Creek LLC, PPL Montour LLC, PPL Renewable Energy LLC, PPL Susquehanna LLC, PPL University Park LLC, Prince George's County, Procter & Gamble Ppr Prdts Co, PSEG Fossil LLC, PSEG Nuclear LLC, QVC Inc, RC Cape May Holdings LLC, Reliant Energy Mid- Atlantic PH LLC, Reliant Energy Wholesale Generation LLC, Reliant Engy NE Management Co, Resource Technology Corp, Resurrection Health Care, Ridgewood Power Management LLC, Riverside Generating Co LLC, Rochelle Municipal Utilities, Rock-Tenn Co, Rocky Road Power LLC, Safe Harbor Water Power Corp, Schering Corp, Schuylkill Energy Resource Inc, Severstal Sparrows Point LLC, Sexton Energy LLC, Shell Wind Energy Inc., Sherman Hospital, Sithe Energies Inc, Smurfit-Stone Container Enterprises Inc, Smurfit-Stone Container Enterprises, Inc, Somerset Windpower LLC, Southeastern Chester County Refuse Auth, Southeastern Public Serv Auth, Spruance Operating Services LLC, State Line Energy LLC, STI Capital Co, STS Hydropower Ltd, Suez Energy Generation NA, Inc., SUEZ-DEGS of Ashtabula LLC, Sunbury Generation LP, SunCoke Energy, Inc., Sunoco Power Generation LLC, Tenaska Frontier Partners Ltd, Tenaska Virginia Partners LP, The Premcor Refining Group Inc, Thorton Township School Dist, Tiverton Power Inc, Town of Edenton, TPF II Rolling Hills LLC, Trigen-Cinergy Solutions - Baltimore, Trigen-Cinergy Solutions College Park, Trigen-Trenton Energy Co LP, UGI Development Co, University of M&D-New Jersey, US Operating Services Company, USCE-Wilmington District, Valero Refining Co - NJ, Viking Energy Corp, Village of New Knoxville, Vineland City of, Virginia Electric & Power Co, Waste Management Inc, Waymart Wind LP, Wells Manufacturing Co, West Virginia Alloys Inc., Westmoreland Partners, Wheelabrator Environmental Systems, Winnebago Energy Center LLC, Winnetka Village of, WM Illinois Renewable Energy LLC, WM Renewable Energy LLC, Wood Group Power Operations Inc, Worcester County Renewable Energy LLC, WPS Power Developement, Wythe Park Power Inc, York County Solid W & R Auth, York Haven Power Company LLC, Zapco Energy Tactics Corp, Zion Energy LLC, Cox Waste-to-Energy, East Kentucky Power Coop, Inc, USCE-Nashville District, Indiana-Kentucky Electric Corp, Ohio Valley Electric Corp PGE Portland General Electric Company Covanta Marion Inc, Portland City of, Portland General Electric Co, SP Newsprint Company CPL Greenville Utilities Commission Archer Daniels Midland Co, Brooks Energy, LLC, Capitol Broadcasting Company Inc, Progress Energy (Carolina Power & Carlyle/Riverstone Renewable Energy, CMS Generation Operating Co II, DSM Light Company) Pharmaceuticals Inc, Invista, Madison Hydro Partners, Metropolitan Sewerage District, Duke Energy Corp. New Hanover County, North Carolina Power Holdings, LLC, PCS Phosphate, Primary

100

Table A-1 (cont.) Model Node Included Balancing Authorities Included Utilities Indiana Municipal Power Agency Energy of North Carolina LLC, Progress Energy Carolinas Inc, Public Works Comm- Central Electric Power Cooperative, Inc. City of Fayetteville, SAS Institute Inc, Smurfit-Stone Container Enterprises Inc, SunE Sout h Carolina Public Service Authority NC Progress 1 LLC, Central Electric Power Coop, Montenay Charleston RRI, South Carolina Pub Serv Auth, US Army Corps of Engineers FPC City of Homestead Buckeye Florida Ltd Partners, Central Power & Lime Inc, Citrus World Inc, City of City of S t. Cloud Homestead, City of Tallahassee, Covanta Lake Inc, Gainesville Regional Utilities, City of Tallahassee Northern Star Generation Services Co LLC, Orlando CoGen Ltd LP, Pasco County, Gainesville Regional Utilities Progress Energy Florida Inc, Reliant Energy Florida, LLC, Shady Hills Power Co LLC, Lakeland Electric SI Group Energy LLC, Telogia Power LLC, Teton Operating Services, Vandolah Power New Smyrna Beach Utilities Co LLC, Veolia ES Pinellas Inc, White Springs Agrici Chem Inc, Reedy Creek Commission Improvement Dist, Seminole Electric Cooperative Inc, Calpine Operating Services Orlando Utilities Commission Company Inc, Calpine Operating Services Company Inc, CF Industries Inc, Progress Energy (Florida Power Corp.) Hillsborough County, Invenergy Services LLC, Mosaic Company, Mosaic Fertilizer Reedy Creek Improvement District LLC, Tampa Electric Co, Tampa Wastewater Department, Wheelabrator Environmental Seminole Electric Cooperative, Inc Systems Tampa Electric Company PSC Platte River Power Authority Blue Spruce Energy Center LLC, Boulder City of, City of Aspen, City of La Junta, City Public Service Company of Colorado of Lamar, Colorado Energy Management, Colorado Energy Nations Company LLLP, Colorado Golden Energy Corp., Denver City & County of, Denver City & County- Foothills, Enxco Service Corporation, Fountain Valley Power LLC, FPL Peetz Table Wind Energy, Invenergy Services LLC, Logan Wind Energy LLC, Manchief Power Co LLC, MMA Belmar Power LLC, MMA DAS Power, P P M Energy Inc, Plains End Operating Services LLC, Platte River Power Authority, Ponnequin Acquisitions, LLC, Public Service Co of Colorado, Raton Public Service Company, Redlands Water & Power Company, Rocky Mountain Energy Ctr LLC, Spindle Hill Energy LLC, STS Hydropower Ltd, SunE Alamosa1 LLC, SWG Colorado LLC, Thermo Cogeneration Partnership LP, Thermo Greeley LLC, Thermo Power & Electric LLC, University of Colorado, WM Renewable Energy LLC PNM Public Service Company of New Mexico Albuquerque City of, Altura Power, Babcock & Brown Power Op Partners LLC, Colorado Energy Management LLC, Delta Person LP, FPL Energy New Mexico Wind LLC, Phelps Dodge Corp-Chino Mines, Phelps Dodge Tyrone Inc, Public Service Co of NM, Valencia Power LLC, Western Renewable Energy LLC, WM Renewable Energy LLC PSO Oklahoma Municipal Power Authority Calpine Central L P, City of Ashland, Covanta WBH LLC, Domtar Industries Inc, Eastman Cogeneration LP, Edison Mission Energy, FPL Energy Weatherford, LLC,

101

Table A-1 (cont.) Model Node Included Balancing Authorities Included Utilities Western Farmers Electric Cooperative Green Country OP Services LLC, Public Service Co of Oklahoma, Snider Industries Inc, Southwestern Electric Power Co, USCE -Vickburg District, USCE-Tulsa District, Atlas Pipeline Mid Continent WestOK LLC, Blue Canyon Windpower II LLC, Blue Canyon Windpower LLC, City of Fairview, City of Kingfisher, City of Mangum, City of Pawhuska, Edison Mission Energy, Elk City Oklahoma Pipeline LP, Oklahoma Municipal Power Auth, USCE-Tulsa District, Western Farmers Elec Coop, Inc PSE Puget Sound Energy, Inc. CHI West Inc, Convanta Hydro Ops West Inc, March Point Cogeneration Co, Puget City of Tacoma, Dept. of Public Utilities Sound Energy Inc, Puyallup Energy Recovery Company, LLC, Sierra Pacific Industries Seattle City Light Inc, Tenaska Washington Partners LP, Twin Falls Hydro Associates LP, Tacoma, City of, Seattle City of, University of Washington SUD Sacramento Municipal Utility District City of Redding, Enxco Service Corporation, Sacramento County of Dpt Waste, (& City of Redding Electric Utility) Sacramento Municipal Util Dist SRP Duke Energy Control Area Services, Dynegy - Arlington LLC, New Harquahala Generating Co, LLC, Mesquite Power LLC, LLC (Arlington Valley WECC AZ) Salt River Project, University of Arizona - Biosphere 2 New Harquahala Generating Station Salt River Project SPP Sierra Pacific Resources Barrick Goldstrike Mines Inc, Empire Energy LLC, Enel Stillwater LLC, Homestretch Geothermal LLC, Naniwa Energy LLC, Newmont Nevada Energy Investment, LLC, Ormat Nevada Inc, Sierra Pacific Industries Inc, Sierra Pacific Power Co, Steamboat Development Corp, Terra-Gen Operating Company, Truckee Meadows Water Authority, Truckee-Carson Irrigation District SCE South Carolina Electric & Gas City of Orangeburg, Columbia Energy LLC, International Paper Co-Eastovr, Savannah River Nuclear Solutions LLC, South Carolina Electric&Gas Co, South Carolina Genertg Co, Inc SOC PowerSouth Energy Cooperative PowerSouth Energy Cooperative, WM Renewable Energy LLC, Alabama Municipal (Alabama Electric Cooperative, Inc.) Elec Authority, Alabama Pine Pulp Co Inc, Alabama Power Co, Alabama River Pulp Co Alabama Power Company Inc, Augusta Canal Authority, Baconton Power LLC, Bay County Board-County Comm, Georgia Power Company Brunswick Cellulose Inc, Calhoun Power Co LLC, Calpine Operating Services Company Gulf Power Company Inc, CAMS Mackinaw Power Operations LLC, Cinergy Solutions O&M LLC, Mississippi Power Company Crestwood Corp, Crisp County Power Comm, DeKalb County GA, Doyle I LLC, Oglethorpe Power Company Drummond Company, Inc., DTE Energy Services, Duke Energy Generation Services, Southern Company Energy Developments Inc, Exxon Mobil Production Co, Fall Line Hydro Company, Inc., Southern Power Company Georgia Pacific Corp, Georgia Power Co, Georgia-Pacific Corp - Savannah, Gulf Power

102

Table A-1 (cont.) Model Node Included Balancing Authorities Included Utilities South Mississippi Electric Power Co, Hartwell Energy Ltd Partners, Heard County Power LLC, Hercules Incorporated, Association High Shoals Hydro, International Paper Co-Augusta, International Paper Co-Pensacola, International Paper Co-Riverdl, International Paper Pine Hill, Kamin LLC, Kings Bay Naval Base, Leaf River Cellulose LLC, M C Dixon Lumber Co Inc, Matthew D. Swift WC Bradley Co., Mead Coated Board Inc, Mid-Georgia Cogen LP, Mill Shoals Hydro Co Inc, Mississippi Power Co, Mobil Explrtn & Prodg SE Inc, Mobile Energy LLC, Municipal Electric Authority, Oglethorpe Power Corporation, Plummer Forest Products Inc, Porterdale Associates, Savannah Sugar Refinery, Shell Exploration & Prod Co, Sloss Industries Inc, Solutia Inc-Pensacola, South Eastern Elec Devt Corp, Southern Power Co, SOWEGA Power LLC, SP Newsprint Company, Stone Container Corp- Panama Ci, Tenaska Alabama B LP, Tenaska Alabama Partners LP, Tenaska Georgia Partners LP, Turner Properties Inc, USCE-Mobile District, USCE-Savannah District, West Georgia Generating Company LLC, Weyerhaeuser Co, Weyerhaeuser NR Port Wentworth, WM Renewable Energy LLC, YKK USA Inc, South Mississippi El Pwr Assn SPA Arkansas Electric Cooperative Arkansas Electric Coop Corp, City of Kennett, City of Malden, City of Poplar Bluff, Corporation City of Sikeston, City Water and Light Plant, Fort Smith City of, Paragould Light & Southwestern Power Administration Water Comm, Piggott City of, USCE-Kansas City District, USCE-Little Rock District, (DOE) USCE-Tulsa District, City of Coffeyville, City of Cushing, Grand River Dam Authority, Grand River Dam Authority Stillwater Utilities Authority SPC Golden Spread Electric Cooperative, Borger Energy Associates LP, City of Fairfax, City of Lubbock, Degussa Engineered Inc. Carbon LP, Denver City Energy Assoc LP, Edison Mission Energy, High Plains Wind Southwestern Public Service Company Power LLC, J D Wind 1 LLC, JD Wind 10 LLC, JD Wind 11 LLC, JD Wind 2 LLC, JD (Xcel) Wind 4 LLC, JD Wind 5 LLC, JD Wind 6 LLC, JD Wind 7 LLC, JD Wind 8 LLC, JD Wind 9 LLC, John Deere Wind 3 LLC, Mesalands Community College, Shell Wind Energy Inc., Sid Richardson Carbon Ltd, Southwestern Public Service Co, Twin Cities Hydro LLC, Yoakum Electric Generating Cooperative SEP Aquila Networks (West Plains Energy - City of Attica, City of Belleville, City of Beloit, City of Colby, City of Goodland, City of Kansas) Hoisington, City of Hugoton, City of Jetmore, City of Johnson, City of La Crosse, City Sunflower Electric Power Corporation of Norton, City of Oberlin, City of Pratt, City of Russell, City of Sharon Springs, City of St Francis, City of Stockton, Cloud County Windfarm, LLC, Gray County Wind Energy LLC, Kingman City of, Smoky Hills Wind Farm LLC, Sunflower Electric Power Corp, Washington City of TVA Decatur Utilities Air Products & Chemicals Inc, Armstrong World Industries Inc, Bolivar Energy Electric Power Board of Chattanooga Authority, Bowater Newsprint Calhoun Ops, Calpine Eastern Corp-Decatur, Cargill Inc, Memphis Light, G as and Water Choctaw Gas Generating Pro LLC, Choctaw Generating LP, Cinergy Solutions O&M

103

Table A-1 (cont.) Model Node Included Balancing Authorities Included Utilities Tennessee Valley Authority LLC, Energy Developments Inc, Invenergy Services LLC, Magnolia Energy LP, McMinnville Electric System, Morgan Energy Center LLC, Powell Valley Electric Coop, Reliant Energy Wholesale Generation LLC, Tennessee Valley Authority, U S Bureau of Reclamation, University of Tennessee, USCE-Nashville District, Weyerhaeuser Co, WM Renewable Energy LLC TEP Tucson Electric Power Company Tucson Electric Power Co, Unisource Energy Development Company, University of Arizona TID Turlock Irrigation District Turlock Irrigation District UPP Upper Peninsula Power Company City of Marquette, L'Anse Warden Electric Company LLC, Neenah Paper Michigan Inc., NewPage Corporation, Upper Peninsula Power Co, White Pine Electric Power LLC KPL Kansas Gas & Electric (KG&E) a Bowersock Mills & Power Co, Chillicothe Municipal Utils, City of Augusta, City of Westar Energy company Burlingame, City of Burlington, City of Chanute, City of Clay Center, City of KCP&L Greater Missouri Operations Ellinwood, City of Herington, City of Higginsville, City of Holton, City of Iola, City of Company (Former Aquila Networks Larned, City of Mulvane, City of Oakley, City of Osage City, City of Palmyra, City of MPS) Sabetha, City of Stafford, City of Sterling, City of Wellington, City of Winfield, Erie Westar Energy (KPL) City of, Girard City of, Kansas Electric Power Coop Inc, Kansas Gas & Electric Co, Kansas State University, McPherson City of, Midwest Energy Inc, Occidental Chemical Corporation, P P M Energy Inc, Smoky Hills Wind Project II LLC, Trenton Municipal Utilities, Westar Energy Inc, Wolf Creek Nuclear Optg Corp WAE Basin Electric Power Cooperative Adrian Public Utilities Comm, Basin Electric Power Coop, City of Denison, City of Fort Missouri River Energy Services Pierre, City of Luverne, FPL Energy South Dakota Wind LLC, Missouri Basin Muni Montana-Dakota Utilities Company Power Agny, Montana-Dakota Utilities Co, Ormat Nevada Inc, Rock Rapids Municipal Western Area Power Admin - Upper Utility, Western Minnesota Mun Pwr Agny Missouri-East (Upper Great Plains Region) WR Black Hills Corporation Black Hills Power Inc, Black Hills/Colorado Elec.Utility Co. LP, City of Delta, City of Colorado Springs Utilities Farmington, City of Springfield, City of Trinidad, City of Yuma, Colorado Springs City Tri-State G & T Assn., Inc. of, Denver City & County of, Enterprise Products Optg LP, Garkane Energy Coop, Inc, Western Area Power Administration - Rio Blanco Water Conserv Dist, Town of Holly, Tri-State G & T Assn, Inc, U S Bureau Colorado-Missouri Control Area (Rocky of Reclamation, Williams Field Services Co Mtn Region WDS Arizona Electric Power Cooperative, Arizona Electric Pwr Coop Inc, Central Arizona Water Conservation Dist, Chemical Inc. Lime Co, Colorado River Indian Irr Proj, U S Bureau of Reclamation, Dynegy Griffith Energy LLC Griffith Energy (GRIF) Western Area Power Administration - Lower Colorado control area (Desert Southwest Region

104

Table A-1 (cont.) Model Node Included Balancing Authorities Included Utilities WW Western Area Power Administration - Calpine Corp-Sutter, Calpine Operating Services Company Inc, Duke Energy DEGS Upper Missouri West (Upper Great Happy Jack, FPL Energy OSI Blythe, Tiber Montana LLC, U S Bureau of Reclamation, Plains Region USCE-Missouri River District WEP Wisconsin Electric Power Company Badger Windpower LLC, City of Kaukauna, City of Menasha, City of Norway, Edison Wisconsin Public Power Inc. Sault Electric Co, Fox Valley Energy Center LLC, FPL Energy Point Beach, Invenergy Services LLC, Milwaukee Metro Sewerage Dist, N E W Hydro Inc, NewPage Corporation, Thilmany LLC, USACE-Detroit District, Whitewater Operating Services LLC, Wisconsin Electric Power Co, Wisconsin Public Power Inc Sys, WM Renewable Energy LLC, WPS Power Developement WPS Wisconsin Public Service Corporation Cellu Tissue Holdings Inc, Consolidated Water Power Co, Dominion Energy Kewaunee Inc., Domtar Paper Company Rothschild, Flambeau Hydro LLC, GE Energy Services, Georgia Pacific Consumer Products, Manitowoc Public Utilities, Marathon Electric Mfg Corp, N E W Hydro Inc, Wausau Paper Specialty Products LLC, Winnebago County, Wisconsin Public Service Corp, Wisconsin River Power Company PA Solar Grand Plan Project Area (created N/A for model)

105 Appendix 2 – Model Initial Conditions and Costs

Initial generation and transmission capacities in and between each balancing authority are established per data from the 2008 version of EIA Form 860 and FERC Form 714 filings, compiled in Tables A-2 through A-4 as follows:

• Table A-2. Initial Generation Capacities by Region

• Table A-3. Initial Low Voltage Interconnection Capacities

• Table A-4. Initial High Voltage Interconnection Capacities

Table A-2 illustrates available generation for five technologies: wind power, solar photovoltaic, other renewable energy such as hydropower or biomass, natural gas, and coal/other. To simplify modeling and reduce indices, hydropower, geothermal, and other non-wind, non-solar renewable energy technologies are modeled as biomass. Nuclear, waste-to-energy, and other technologies are modeled as coal power. Tables A-3 and A-4 list transmission capacities between regions, adjusted from kVA rating to MW transfer capacity based on ABB (2017) by a 3.14 MW/kVA factor for AC transmission, doubled for DC transmission.

Tables A-5 through A-12 list peak and total electricity demands by region, also per the 2008 version of EIA Form 860 and FERC Form 714 filings as follows:

• Table A-5. Summer Daytime Peak Instantaneous Demand by Region

• Table A-6. Summer Nighttime Peak Instantaneous Demand by Region

• Table A-7. Winter Daytime Peak Instantaneous Demand by Region

• Table A-8. Winter Nighttime Peak Instantaneous Demand by Region

• Table A-9. Summer Daytime Total Demand by Region

• Table A-10. Summer Nighttime Total Demand by Region

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• Table A-11. Winter Daytime Total Demand by Region

• Table A-12. Winter Nighttime Total Demand by Region

Future demand projections are based on extrapolations of listed 2006-2008 demands for each region. To conserve space, only the first 10 years of demand projections are listed; Years 11-15 can be determined by continuing the extrapolation.

Table A-13 lists the geographic midpoint for all of the model regions, based on hand estimates from Platts (2008). Because transmission losses and the cost of new build transmission lines are a function of line distance, inter-regional distances are estimated to transit to/from the geographic midpoints of the respective regions. Distances are calculated per the Haversine formula, noted below:

(A.1) = ∙ where,

R = Radius of the Earth, 3959 miles

c = 2 * asin (sqr(a))

a = Sin(dLat / 2) * Sin(dLat / 2) + Cos((pi * lat1)/180) * Cos((pi * lat2)/180) * Sin(dLon / 2) * Sin(dLon / 2)

dLat = lat2 – lat1

dLon = lon2 – lon1

lat2 = latitude of Region 2

lat1 = latitude of Region 1

lon2 = longitude of Region 2

lon1 = longitude of Region 1

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Transmission losses are calculated per operational data (Heyeck and Wilcox, 2008) to be 6% per every hundred miles of LVAC transmission and assumed to be 0.75% per every 100 miles of HVDC transmission. The model also only allows transmission to occur between regions with geographic midpoints within 750 miles of one another.

Table A-14 lists the construction and operational costs of new generation capacity

(Energy Information Administration, 2016). Construction costs are modeled as overnight costs in 2016 dollar equivalent, and inflation for all costs is assumed to be 2.5% per year.

Table A-15 lists the expected capacity factors for wind turbines and solar photovoltaic systems in modeled regions. Turbine capacity factors are derived based on the typical output of a General Electric 1.5s model (GE Energy, 2009) at the average seasonal wind speeds for publicly listed locations in each modeled area, per the National

Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration (2017). The turbine power curve (GE

Energy, 2009) provides electricity generation based on the 80 meter hub height of the turbine, but National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration wind measurements are at 10 meter heights. Therefore, the turbine outputs are calculated based on modified wind speeds as follows per the wind profile power law:

(A.2) = ∙ where,

V80 = wind speed at 80 meter height, i.e., turbine hub height

V10 = wind speed at 10 meter height, i.e., the measured wind speed values

h80 = hub height, 80 meters

h10 = wind speed measurement height, 10 meters

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α = coefficient to account for surface roughness, typically 0.143 in the absence of site-specific data

Solar photovoltaic power output is calculated based on the National Renewable

Energy Laboratory’s PV Watts solar calculator (National Renewable Energy Laboratory,

2012), using default configuration and weather files and two-axis tracking.

Table A-16 lists average fuel cost projections for through for the next thirty years (in two-year increments and adjusted to 2016 dollars) per Energy Information

Administration (2008).

Table A-17 lists localized natural gas price adjustments per Energy Information

Administration (2017a). Fuel costs for natural gas are the multiple of the values in

Tables A-16 and A-17. Coal prices are not localized due to the prevalence of contracts dictating long term fuel supply. Conversion rates are 8.96 MMBtu of fuel needed per

MWh of generation for coal powered facilities and 6.6 MMBtu of fuel per MWh for natural gas-fired power plants. Fuel costs for biomass are $30 per ton (Energy

Information Administration, 2017b), which equates to $2 per MMBtu. Conversion rates are 13.5 MMBtu/MWh for biomass boilers.

Table A-18 lists costs for the construction and operation of electric transmission lines, based on industry standard assumption for typical AC transmission lines. ABB (2017) found that high voltage DC power lines can have 25% fewer losses and carry twice as much current at equivalent voltage levels to AC lines, so these values are adjusted accordingly. DC capital costs are increased by 10% relative to AC due to the need to incorporate transformers for voltage conversion at either end of the transmission line.

Table A-19 lists the Renewable Portfolio Standard values used in Scenarios 2-5 per

DSIRE (2008).

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Table A-2. Initial Generation Capacities by Region Available Generating Capacity (MW) Balancing Authority Solar PV Wind Other Renewables Natural Gas Coal Allete (Minnesota Power) 0 1245.8 1963.6 7869.7 16182.3 Alliant Energy-East 0 108.4 47 3103.4 2295.5 Alliant Energy-West 0 978.5 4.4 1295.7 3909.5 Ameren (Illinois Power Co. Control Area) 0 0 3.6 4632.4 10931.2 Ameren Corporation Control Area 0 0 740.8 3786.3 7460.6 Arizona Public Service Company 2.7 0 28.2 5889.1 5250.4 Associated Electric Cooperative, Inc. 0 212 106.2 1901.1 1501.8 Avista Corporation 0 0 1006.2 461.9 641.6 Bonneville Power Administration, USDOE 0 1348.2 25866.6 3289.3 2848.4 California Independent System Operator 54.4 2602.5 11775.8 42147.6 47041.3 Cleco Corporation 0 0 0 3921.2 1358.8 Dairyland Power Cooperative 0 142.9 22.4 87.4 1115.7 Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC 0 0 4080.2 6260.3 15149.9 Duke Energy Corp. 0 0 137.2 7492.9 14784.9 El Paso Electric Company 0 1.3 0 1745.8 9 Empire District Electric Company (the) 0 0 16 1263.4 319 Entergy Corporation/Services (Entergy System) 0 0 593.4 35830.3 12152.4 ERCOT 0 6497.7 456.7 65294.3 20900.2 FirstEnergy Corporation 0 34.5 10.6 2266.8 13002.2 Florida Power & Light Company 0 87.5 17267.1 17633.3 0 Hoosier Energy REC, Inc. 0 0 984.5 2840.2 0 Idaho Power Company 163.2 1899.2 1056 37.6 0 Imperial Irrigation District 0 654.9 494.3 68.9 0 ISO New England Inc. 78.3 7513.7 13703.7 20150.3 0 Kansas City Power & Light Company 100 0 2802.2 5348.5 0 Los Angeles Department of Water and Power 0 1590.8 4969.3 1849.4 0 Louisville Gas & Electric and Kentucky Utilities 0 115.2 3121.6 8967.5 0 Michigan Electric Power Coordinated Center 123.6 2305.5 11822.5 14911.3 0 MidAmerican Energy Company 1547.1 3.6 2406.6 5222 0 Nebraska Public Power District 71.1 194.3 1249.6 2840 0 Nevada Power Company 0 26.1 6648.3 636.8 24 New York Independent System Operator, Inc. 1273.6 5955.5 28604.9 32805.8 0 Northern Indiana Public Service Company 130.5 19.1 2297.3 4477.8 0 Northern States Power Company 1109.2 389.1 3343.1 6422.2 0

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Table A-2 (cont.) Available Generating Capacity (MW) Balancing Authority Solar PV Wind Other Renewables Natural Gas Coal Northwestern Energy 0 1245.8 1963.6 7869.7 16182.3 Oklahoma Gas & Electric Company 0 108.4 47 3103.4 2295.5 Omaha Public Power District 0 978.5 4.4 1295.7 3909.5 Otter Tail Power Company 0 0 3.6 4632.4 10931.2 PacifiCorp - East 0 0 740.8 3786.3 7460.6 PacifiCorp - West 0 0 28.2 5889.1 5250.4 PJM Interconnection LLC 7.5 212 106.2 1901.1 1501.8 Portland General Electric Company 0 0 1006.2 461.9 641.6 Progress Energy (Carolina Power & Light 2.2 1348.2 25866.6 3289.3 2848.4 Company) Progress Energy (Florida Power Corp.) 0 2602.5 11775.8 42147.6 47041.3 Public Service Company of Colorado 14.7 0 0 3921.2 1358.8 Public Service Company of New Mexico 0 142.9 22.4 87.4 1115.7 Public Service Company of Oklahoma 0 0 4080.2 6260.3 15149.9 Puget Sound Energy, Inc. 0.5 0 137.2 7492.9 14784.9 Sacramento Municipal Utility District (& City of 3 1.3 0 1745.8 9 Redding Electric Utility) Salt River Project 0.2 0 16 1263.4 319 Sierra Pacific Resources 1 0 593.4 35830.3 12152.4 South Carolina Electric & Gas 0 6497.7 456.7 65294.3 20900.2 Southern Company 0 34.5 10.6 2266.8 13002.2 Southwestern Power Administration (DOE) 0 87.5 17267.1 17633.3 0 Southwestern Public Service Company (Xcel) 0 0 984.5 2840.2 0 Sunflower Electric Power Corporation 0 1899.2 1056 37.6 0 Tennessee Valley Authority 0 654.9 494.3 68.9 0 Tucson Electric Power Company 5.1 7513.7 13703.7 20150.3 0 Turlock Irrigation District 0 0 2802.2 5348.5 0 Upper Peninsula Power Company 0 1590.8 4969.3 1849.4 0 Westar Energy (KPL) 0 115.2 3121.6 8967.5 0 Western Area Power Admin - Upper Missouri- 0 2305.5 11822.5 14911.3 0 East (Upper Great Plains Region operat Western Area Power Administration - Colorado- 0 3.6 2406.6 5222 0 Missouri Control Area (Rocky Mtn Re Western Area Power Administration - Lower 0 194.3 1249.6 2840 0 Colorado control area (Desert Southwe Western Area Power Administration - Upper 0 26.1 6648.3 636.8 24

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Table A-2 (cont.) Missouri West (Upper Great Plains Regi Wisconsin Electric Power Company 0 5955.5 28604.9 32805.8 0 Wisconsin Public Service Corporation 0 19.1 2297.3 4477.8 0

Table A-3. Initial Low Voltage Interconnection Capacities Balancing Authority Low Voltage Interconnection Capacity with Adjacent Balancing Authorities (MW) Allete (Minnesota Power) Duke Energy Corp. - 11256 MW Hoosier Energy REC, Inc. - 2020 MW Louisville Gas & Electric and Kentucky Utilities - 505 MW Northern States Power Company - 13057 MW Otter Tail Power Company - 6896 MW Wisconsin Public Service Corporation - 1443 MW Alliant Energy-East Duke Energy Corp. - 11256 MW Hoosier Energy REC, Inc. - 2020 MW Louisville Gas & Electric and Kentucky Utilities - 505 MW Northern States Power Company - 13057 MW Otter Tail Power Company - 6896 MW Wisconsin Public Service Corporation - 1443 MW Alliant Energy-West Dairyland Power Cooperative - 8947 MW FirstEnergy Corporation - 3247 MW Northern Indiana Public Service Company - 433 MW Northern States Power Company - 1082 MW PJM Interconnection LLC - 6494 MW Wisconsin Electric Power Company - 21349 MW Wisconsin Public Service Corporation - 16596 MW Ameren (Illinois Power Co. Control Area) Allete (Minnesota Power) - 1227 MW Ameren (Illinois Power Co. Control Area) - 5773 MW Ameren Corporation Control Area - 6789 MW Associated Electric Cooperative, Inc. - 16596 MW Dairyland Power Cooperative - 17751 MW Empire District Electric Company (the) - 3031 MW Entergy Corporation/Services (Entergy System) - 7576 MW Kansas City Power & Light Company - 505 MW MidAmerican Energy Company - 99965 MW Northern States Power Company - 15875 MW Oklahoma Gas & Electric Company - 2886 MW PJM Interconnection LLC - 9092 MW Public Service Company of Oklahoma - 6328 MW Southwestern Power Administration (DOE) - 3319 MW Western Area Power Admin - Upper Missouri-East (Upper Great Plains Region operat - 2309 MW Ameren Corporation Control Area Alliant Energy-West - 5195 MW Ameren Corporation Control Area - 150664 MW Associated Electric Cooperative, Inc. - 3824 MW Avista Corporation - 1082 MW Bonneville Power Administration, USDOE - 10679 MW Duke Energy Corp. - 12122 MW Entergy Corporation/Services (Entergy System) - 505 MW Hoosier Energy REC, Inc. - 2020 MW Louisville Gas & Electric and Kentucky Utilities - 1371 MW MidAmerican Energy Company - 4041 MW Northern Indiana Public Service Company - 1732 MW PacifiCorp - West - 722 MW PJM Interconnection LLC - 141553 MW Portland General Electric Company - 722 MW Public Service Company of Oklahoma - 1515 MW Puget Sound Energy, Inc. - 1788 MW Southwestern Power Administration (DOE) - 3752 MW Sunflower Electric Power Corporation - 722 MW Tennessee Valley Authority - 4329 MW Westar Energy (KPL) - 3103 MW

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Table A-3 (cont.) Balancing Authority Low Voltage Interconnection Capacity with Adjacent Balancing Authorities (MW) Arizona Public Service Company Allete (Minnesota Power) - 505 MW Alliant Energy-East - 6716 MW Alliant Energy-West - 13747 MW Ameren (Illinois Power Co. Control Area) - 150664 MW Associated Electric Cooperative, Inc. - 32587 MW Entergy Corporation/Services (Entergy System) - 2234 MW Kansas City Power & Light Company - 7793 MW MidAmerican Energy Company - 4329 MW Northern States Power Company - 13421 MW Southwestern Power Administration (DOE) - 2020 MW Tennessee Valley Authority - 2165 MW Westar Energy (KPL) - 1933 MW Wisconsin Public Service Corporation - 505 MW Associated Electric Cooperative, Inc. California Independent System Operator - 3137 MW Imperial Irrigation District - 722 MW Los Angeles Department of Water and Power - 1569 MW PacifiCorp - East - 2651 MW Public Service Company of New Mexico - 3536 MW Salt River Project - 28151 MW Tucson Electric Power Company - 3498 MW Western Area Power Administration - Lower Colorado control area (Desert Southwe - 7881 MW Avista Corporation Alliant Energy-West - 7504 MW Ameren Corporation Control Area - 51231 MW Empire District Electric Company (the) - 3824 MW Entergy Corporation/Services (Entergy System) - 6168 MW Kansas City Power & Light Company - 13421 MW MidAmerican Energy Company - 1299 MW Nebraska Public Power District - 2165 MW Oklahoma Gas & Electric Company - 949 MW Public Service Company of Oklahoma - 7793 MW Southwestern Power Administration (DOE) - 25688 MW Tennessee Valley Authority - 505 MW Westar Energy (KPL) - 6422 MW Western Area Power Admin - Upper Missouri-East (Upper Great Plains Region operat - 505 MW Bonneville Power Administration, USDOE Bonneville Power Administration, USDOE - 10588 MW Idaho Power Company - 722 MW Northwestern Energy - 2651 MW PacifiCorp - West - 1660 MW Puget Sound Energy, Inc. - 2165 MW California Independent System Operator Arizona Public Service Company - 3137 MW Avista Corporation - 10463 MW California Independent System Operator - 1569 MW Idaho Power Company - 1082 MW Imperial Irrigation District - 2525 MW Los Angeles Department of Water and Power - 5631 MW Nevada Power Company - 2507 MW Northwestern Energy - 4094 MW PacifiCorp - West - 39395 MW Portland General Electric Company - 22444 MW Puget Sound Energy, Inc. - 63388 MW Sacramento Municipal Utility District (& City of Redding Electric Utility) - 8405 MW Salt River Project - 3137 MW Sierra Pacific Resources - 1114 MW Turlock Irrigation District - 1082 MW Western Area Power Administration - Lower Colorado control area (Desert Southwe - 2607 MW Cleco Corporation Ameren (Illinois Power Co. Control Area) - 1622 MW Arizona Public Service Company - 3137 MW Bonneville Power Administration, USDOE - 1569 MW Imperial Irrigation District - 722 MW Los Angeles Department of Water and Power - 3671 MW Nevada Power Company - 2290 MW PacifiCorp - West - 577 MW PJM Interconnection LLC - 1082 MW Sacramento Municipal Utility District (& City of Redding Electric Utility) - 7197 MW Salt River Project - 3137 MW Sierra Pacific Resources - 1114 MW Turlock Irrigation District - 1082 MW Western Area Power Administration - Lower Colorado control area (Desert Southwe - 1227 MW

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Table A-3 (cont.) Balancing Authority Low Voltage Interconnection Capacity with Adjacent Balancing Authorities (MW) Dairyland Power Cooperative Ameren (Illinois Power Co. Control Area) - 722 MW Ameren Corporation Control Area - 1010 MW Associated Electric Cooperative, Inc. - 2886 MW Duke Energy Corp. - 4329 MW Entergy Corporation/Services (Entergy System) - 42968 MW Hoosier Energy REC, Inc. - 433 MW Louisville Gas & Electric and Kentucky Utilities - 3536 MW PJM Interconnection LLC - 19627 MW Public Service Company of Oklahoma - 10679 MW Tennessee Valley Authority - 4744 MW Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC Alliant Energy-East - 13432 MW Alliant Energy-West - 20637 MW Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - 627 MW MidAmerican Energy Company - 433 MW Northern States Power Company - 13421 MW PJM Interconnection LLC - 2002 MW Progress Energy (Carolina Power & Light Company) - 12031 MW South Carolina Electric & Gas - 2525 MW Southern Company - 3373 MW Tennessee Valley Authority - 505 MW Wisconsin Public Service Corporation - 69 MW Duke Energy Corp. Ameren (Illinois Power Co. Control Area) - 1515 MW Duke Energy Corp. - 8659 MW Hoosier Energy REC, Inc. - 12122 MW Louisville Gas & Electric and Kentucky Utilities - 4329 MW Northern Indiana Public Service Company - 2165 MW PJM Interconnection LLC - 23592 MW Progress Energy (Carolina Power & Light Company) - 40910 MW South Carolina Electric & Gas - 5051 MW Southern Company - 20235 MW Tennessee Valley Authority - 1010 MW El Paso Electric Company Ameren (Illinois Power Co. Control Area) - 12122 MW Hoosier Energy REC, Inc. - 38099 MW Louisville Gas & Electric and Kentucky Utilities - 17318 MW New York Independent System Operator, Inc. - 5955 MW Northern Indiana Public Service Company - 4329 MW PJM Interconnection LLC - 97638 MW Tennessee Valley Authority - 3247 MW Empire District Electric Company (the) Ameren (Illinois Power Co. Control Area) - 1735 MW Ameren Corporation Control Area - 1587 MW Louisville Gas & Electric and Kentucky Utilities - 505 MW Public Service Company of New Mexico - 7216 MW Southwestern Public Service Company (Xcel) - 722 MW Tennessee Valley Authority - 3031 MW Tucson Electric Power Company - 1082 MW Entergy Corporation/Services (Entergy Ameren Corporation Control Area - 1729 MW Associated Electric Cooperative, Inc. - 6168 MW System) Cleco Corporation - 26262 MW Entergy Corporation/Services (Entergy System) - 505 MW Oklahoma Gas & Electric Company - 1569 MW Public Service Company of Oklahoma - 5264 MW Southern Company - 12822 MW Southwestern Power Administration (DOE) - 7576 MW Sunflower Electric Power Corporation - 722 MW Tennessee Valley Authority - 10441 MW Westar Energy (KPL) - 3103 MW ERCOT Ameren Corporation Control Area - 3457 MW Associated Electric Cooperative, Inc. - 5879 MW Cleco Corporation - 38896 MW Empire District Electric Company (the) - 505 MW Oklahoma Gas & Electric Company - 1569 MW Public Service Company of Oklahoma - 9976 MW Southern Company - 11200 MW Southwestern Power Administration (DOE) - 13133 MW Tennessee Valley Authority - 10441 MW FirstEnergy Corporation Michigan Electric Power Coordinated Center - 3247 MW PJM Interconnection LLC - 25435 MW Public Service Company of Oklahoma - 2165 MW Florida Power & Light Company Florida Power & Light Company - 7288 MW Michigan Electric Power Coordinated Center - 3247 MW PJM Interconnection LLC - 76306 MW Progress Energy (Florida Power Corp.) - 16524 MW

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Table A-3 (cont.) Balancing Authority Low Voltage Interconnection Capacity with Adjacent Balancing Authorities (MW) Hoosier Energy REC, Inc. Ameren Corporation Control Area - 3896 MW Associated Electric Cooperative, Inc. - 25804 MW Empire District Electric Company (the) - 722 MW MidAmerican Energy Company - 505 MW Nebraska Public Power District - 1082 MW Oklahoma Gas & Electric Company - 1155 MW Progress Energy (Florida Power Corp.) - 7432 MW Public Service Company of Oklahoma - 8515 MW Southern Company - 34729 MW Southwestern Power Administration (DOE) - 3824 MW Westar Energy (KPL) - 18943 MW Idaho Power Company Avista Corporation - 722 MW Bonneville Power Administration, USDOE - 1082 MW Dairyland Power Cooperative - 1732 MW Duke Energy Corp. - 32326 MW Northern States Power Company - 1155 MW PacifiCorp - East - 7793 MW PacifiCorp - West - 5537 MW Sierra Pacific Resources - 1082 MW Imperial Irrigation District Arizona Public Service Company - 722 MW Avista Corporation - 722 MW Bonneville Power Administration, USDOE - 1082 MW California Independent System Operator - 2525 MW PacifiCorp - East - 5267 MW PacifiCorp - West - 5537 MW Sierra Pacific Resources - 1082 MW Western Area Power Administration - Lower Colorado control area (Desert Southwe - 1117 MW ISO New England Inc. Arizona Public Service Company - 722 MW California Independent System Operator - 2525 MW Duke Energy Corp. - 8659 MW Hoosier Energy REC, Inc. - 2165 MW PJM Interconnection LLC - 3247 MW Western Area Power Administration - Lower Colorado control area (Desert Southwe - 1117 MW Kansas City Power & Light Company Florida Power & Light Company - 3752 MW New York Independent System Operator, Inc. - 5700 MW Progress Energy (Florida Power Corp.) - 722 MW Los Angeles Department of Water and Power Ameren Corporation Control Area - 6638 MW Associated Electric Cooperative, Inc. - 10968 MW MidAmerican Energy Company - 1010 MW Nebraska Public Power District - 3608 MW Omaha Public Power District - 2670 MW Westar Energy (KPL) - 18943 MW Louisville Gas & Electric and Kentucky Arizona Public Service Company - 1569 MW Bonneville Power Administration, USDOE - 3137 MW Utilities California Independent System Operator - 5631 MW Cleco Corporation - 10005 MW Entergy Corporation/Services (Entergy System) - 4778 MW Nevada Power Company - 2290 MW PacifiCorp - East - 2165 MW Sierra Pacific Resources - 722 MW Western Area Power Administration - Lower Colorado control area (Desert Southwe - 3191 MW Michigan Electric Power Coordinated Center Alliant Energy-East - 13892 MW Avista Corporation - 10588 MW California Independent System Operator - 1569 MW Duke Energy Corp. - 17318 MW Idaho Power Company - 1082 MW Los Angeles Department of Water and Power - 3137 MW Northwestern Energy - 4816 MW PacifiCorp - West - 39395 MW PJM Interconnection LLC - 9092 MW Portland General Electric Company - 22444 MW Puget Sound Energy, Inc. - 42993 MW Sacramento Municipal Utility District (& City of Redding Electric Utility) - 1569 MW Sierra Pacific Resources - 1082 MW Tennessee Valley Authority - 9487 MW Wisconsin Electric Power Company - 216 MW Wisconsin Public Service Corporation - 590 MW

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Table A-3 (cont.) Balancing Authority Low Voltage Interconnection Capacity with Adjacent Balancing Authorities (MW) MidAmerican Energy Company Alliant Energy-West - 24991 MW Ameren (Illinois Power Co. Control Area) - 505 MW Ameren Corporation Control Area - 1082 MW Associated Electric Cooperative, Inc. - 1299 MW Dairyland Power Cooperative - 216 MW FirstEnergy Corporation - 3247 MW Kansas City Power & Light Company - 505 MW MidAmerican Energy Company - 505 MW Nebraska Public Power District - 2165 MW Northern Indiana Public Service Company - 433 MW Omaha Public Power District - 4257 MW PJM Interconnection LLC - 12988 MW Western Area Power Admin - Upper Missouri-East (Upper Great Plains Region operat - 7937 MW Wisconsin Electric Power Company - 866 MW Nebraska Public Power District Alliant Energy-West - 91991 MW Ameren (Illinois Power Co. Control Area) - 3464 MW Ameren Corporation Control Area - 4329 MW Associated Electric Cooperative, Inc. - 2598 MW Dairyland Power Cooperative - 433 MW Kansas City Power & Light Company - 1082 MW Nebraska Public Power District - 8659 MW Omaha Public Power District - 8515 MW PJM Interconnection LLC - 25976 MW Sunflower Electric Power Corporation - 1082 MW Western Area Power Admin - Upper Missouri-East (Upper Great Plains Region operat - 15875 MW Western Area Power Administration - Colorado-Missouri Control Area (Rocky Mtn Re - 722 MW Nevada Power Company Arizona Public Service Company - 1569 MW Associated Electric Cooperative, Inc. - 2165 MW Bonneville Power Administration, USDOE - 3137 MW California Independent System Operator - 8138 MW Kansas City Power & Light Company - 2165 MW Los Angeles Department of Water and Power - 3733 MW MidAmerican Energy Company - 8659 MW Nevada Power Company - 3733 MW Omaha Public Power District - 5628 MW PacifiCorp - East - 3247 MW Sierra Pacific Resources - 722 MW Sunflower Electric Power Corporation - 2165 MW Western Area Power Admin - Upper Missouri-East (Upper Great Plains Region operat - 15875 MW Western Area Power Administration - Colorado-Missouri Control Area (Rocky Mtn Re - 1443 MW Western Area Power Administration - Lower Colorado control area (Desert Southwe - 5697 MW New York Independent System Operator, Inc. California Independent System Operator - 2507 MW ISO New England Inc. - 5955 MW Los Angeles Department of Water and Power - 3733 MW PacifiCorp - East - 1082 MW PJM Interconnection LLC - 16794 MW Western Area Power Administration - Lower Colorado control area (Desert Southwe - 2507 MW Northern Indiana Public Service Company Ameren (Illinois Power Co. Control Area) - 433 MW Duke Energy Corp. - 2165 MW ISO New England Inc. - 5955 MW Michigan Electric Power Coordinated Center - 433 MW PJM Interconnection LLC - 44320 MW Northern States Power Company Allete (Minnesota Power) - 26660 MW Alliant Energy-East - 1082 MW Alliant Energy-West - 9092 MW Ameren (Illinois Power Co. Control Area) - 1732 MW Dairyland Power Cooperative - 13421 MW Duke Energy Corp. - 4329 MW Michigan Electric Power Coordinated Center - 433 MW Otter Tail Power Company - 1804 MW PJM Interconnection LLC - 40913 MW Western Area Power Admin - Upper Missouri-East (Upper Great Plains Region operat - 8659 MW Wisconsin Public Service Corporation - 2525 MW

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Table A-3 (cont.) Balancing Authority Low Voltage Interconnection Capacity with Adjacent Balancing Authorities (MW) Northwestern Energy Allete (Minnesota Power) - 13057 MW Alliant Energy-East - 2165 MW Alliant Energy-West - 15153 MW Avista Corporation - 2651 MW Bonneville Power Administration, USDOE - 4816 MW Dairyland Power Cooperative - 11002 MW Otter Tail Power Company - 722 MW PacifiCorp - East - 2453 MW PacifiCorp - West - 1569 MW Portland General Electric Company - 1569 MW Puget Sound Energy, Inc. - 2290 MW Western Area Power Admin - Upper Missouri-East (Upper Great Plains Region operat - 8659 MW Western Area Power Administration - Upper Missouri West (Upper Great Plains Regi - 3247 MW Wisconsin Public Service Corporation - 1443 MW Oklahoma Gas & Electric Company Avista Corporation - 1082 MW Bonneville Power Administration, USDOE - 4816 MW Duke Energy Corp. - 3680 MW Louisville Gas & Electric and Kentucky Utilities - 1948 MW PacifiCorp - East - 2453 MW PacifiCorp - West - 1569 MW PJM Interconnection LLC - 6494 MW Western Area Power Administration - Upper Missouri West (Upper Great Plains Regi - 3247 MW Omaha Public Power District Associated Electric Cooperative, Inc. - 3896 MW Cleco Corporation - 2670 MW Empire District Electric Company (the) - 1515 MW Entergy Corporation/Services (Entergy System) - 5264 MW ERCOT - 2165 MW Public Service Company of Oklahoma - 27564 MW Southwestern Power Administration (DOE) - 11762 MW Southwestern Public Service Company (Xcel) - 2237 MW Westar Energy (KPL) - 1515 MW Otter Tail Power Company Allete (Minnesota Power) - 9958 MW MidAmerican Energy Company - 8515 MW Nebraska Public Power District - 9380 MW Northern States Power Company - 1804 MW Westar Energy (KPL) - 505 MW Western Area Power Admin - Upper Missouri-East (Upper Great Plains Region operat - 9173 MW PacifiCorp - East Allete (Minnesota Power) - 11256 MW Arizona Public Service Company - 2651 MW Idaho Power Company - 7793 MW Los Angeles Department of Water and Power - 2165 MW Nevada Power Company - 1082 MW Northern States Power Company - 1804 MW Northwestern Energy - 2453 MW PacifiCorp - West - 2670 MW Sierra Pacific Resources - 722 MW Western Area Power Admin - Upper Missouri-East (Upper Great Plains Region operat - 9173 MW Western Area Power Administration - Colorado-Missouri Control Area (Rocky Mtn Re - 17862 MW Western Area Power Administration - Lower Colorado control area (Desert Southwe - 1371 MW PacifiCorp - West Arizona Public Service Company - 2651 MW Avista Corporation - 1660 MW Bonneville Power Administration, USDOE - 39395 MW California Independent System Operator - 577 MW Idaho Power Company - 7793 MW Los Angeles Department of Water and Power - 1082 MW Nevada Power Company - 1082 MW Northwestern Energy - 2453 MW PacifiCorp - West - 1804 MW Portland General Electric Company - 7209 MW Puget Sound Energy, Inc. - 722 MW Sierra Pacific Resources - 722 MW Western Area Power Administration - Colorado-Missouri Control Area (Rocky Mtn Re - 17305 MW Western Area Power Administration - Lower Colorado control area (Desert Southwe - 1371 MW

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Table A-3 (cont.) Balancing Authority Low Voltage Interconnection Capacity with Adjacent Balancing Authorities (MW) PJM Interconnection LLC Alliant Energy-East - 2165 MW Alliant Energy-West - 1515 MW Ameren (Illinois Power Co. Control Area) - 13961 MW Avista Corporation - 938 MW Bonneville Power Administration, USDOE - 29851 MW California Independent System Operator - 361 MW Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - 2002 MW Duke Energy Corp. - 22293 MW FirstEnergy Corporation - 25435 MW Idaho Power Company - 2290 MW Louisville Gas & Electric and Kentucky Utilities - 1587 MW Michigan Electric Power Coordinated Center - 4329 MW MidAmerican Energy Company - 5412 MW New York Independent System Operator, Inc. - 16794 MW Northern Indiana Public Service Company - 14284 MW Northwestern Energy - 1569 MW PacifiCorp - East - 2670 MW PJM Interconnection LLC - 10174 MW Portland General Electric Company - 7209 MW Progress Energy (Carolina Power & Light Company) - 8496 MW Tennessee Valley Authority - 6077 MW Wisconsin Electric Power Company - 3247 MW Portland General Electric Company Alliant Energy-East - 12988 MW Alliant Energy-West - 9092 MW Ameren (Illinois Power Co. Control Area) - 154541 MW Associated Electric Cooperative, Inc. - 949 MW Bonneville Power Administration, USDOE - 22444 MW Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - 12009 MW Duke Energy Corp. - 114278 MW Entergy Corporation/Services (Entergy System) - 1569 MW FirstEnergy Corporation - 73384 MW Louisville Gas & Electric and Kentucky Utilities - 9525 MW Michigan Electric Power Coordinated Center - 12988 MW MidAmerican Energy Company - 32471 MW New York Independent System Operator, Inc. - 50381 MW Northern Indiana Public Service Company - 42852 MW Northwestern Energy - 1569 MW PacifiCorp - West - 7209 MW Progress Energy (Carolina Power & Light Company) - 46645 MW Public Service Company of New Mexico - 7216 MW Public Service Company of Oklahoma - 20493 MW Puget Sound Energy, Inc. - 722 MW Southwestern Power Administration (DOE) - 4041 MW Southwestern Public Service Company (Xcel) - 1082 MW Tennessee Valley Authority - 18231 MW Tucson Electric Power Company - 2165 MW Westar Energy (KPL) - 1515 MW Wisconsin Electric Power Company - 7793 MW Progress Energy (Carolina Power & Light Bonneville Power Administration, USDOE - 16069 MW Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - 10949 MW Company) Northwestern Energy - 1569 MW PacifiCorp - West - 5443 MW PJM Interconnection LLC - 8496 MW Progress Energy (Carolina Power & Light Company) - 7216 MW South Carolina Electric & Gas - 1804 MW Tennessee Valley Authority - 505 MW Progress Energy (Florida Power Corp.) Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - 30808 MW Entergy Corporation/Services (Entergy System) - 9089 MW Florida Power & Light Company - 18616 MW PJM Interconnection LLC - 50974 MW Progress Energy (Florida Power Corp.) - 10679 MW South Carolina Electric & Gas - 3608 MW Southern Company - 5340 MW Tennessee Valley Authority - 1010 MW

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Table A-3 (cont.) Balancing Authority Low Voltage Interconnection Capacity with Adjacent Balancing Authorities (MW) Public Service Company of Colorado Ameren (Illinois Power Co. Control Area) - 4113 MW Ameren Corporation Control Area - 1082 MW Associated Electric Cooperative, Inc. - 505 MW Bonneville Power Administration, USDOE - 1082 MW California Independent System Operator - 1114 MW Cleco Corporation - 10005 MW Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - 1133 MW Entergy Corporation/Services (Entergy System) - 31925 MW Idaho Power Company - 1082 MW Los Angeles Department of Water and Power - 722 MW Louisville Gas & Electric and Kentucky Utilities - 7818 MW PacifiCorp - East - 722 MW PJM Interconnection LLC - 9324 MW Progress Energy (Carolina Power & Light Company) - 505 MW Public Service Company of New Mexico - 722 MW Public Service Company of Oklahoma - 2670 MW Southern Company - 11325 MW Southwestern Public Service Company (Xcel) - 1082 MW Western Area Power Administration - Colorado-Missouri Control Area (Rocky Mtn Re - 31755 MW Western Area Power Administration - Lower Colorado control area (Desert Southwe - 7034 MW Public Service Company of New Mexico Arizona Public Service Company - 3536 MW El Paso Electric Company - 7216 MW Public Service Company of New Mexico - 722 MW Salt River Project - 216 MW Southwestern Public Service Company (Xcel) - 1082 MW Tucson Electric Power Company - 4438 MW Western Area Power Administration - Colorado-Missouri Control Area (Rocky Mtn Re - 31755 MW Western Area Power Administration - Lower Colorado control area (Desert Southwe - 3464 MW Public Service Company of Oklahoma Arizona Public Service Company - 2237 MW Avista Corporation - 361 MW Bonneville Power Administration, USDOE - 21129 MW El Paso Electric Company - 4329 MW Northwestern Energy - 2290 MW Public Service Company of Colorado - 722 MW Puget Sound Energy, Inc. - 4314 MW Salt River Project - 216 MW Southwestern Public Service Company (Xcel) - 722 MW Tucson Electric Power Company - 1082 MW Western Area Power Administration - Colorado-Missouri Control Area (Rocky Mtn Re - 1082 MW Western Area Power Administration - Lower Colorado control area (Desert Southwe - 2742 MW Puget Sound Energy, Inc. Alliant Energy-East - 20700 MW Associated Electric Cooperative, Inc. - 2598 MW Cleco Corporation - 6915 MW Empire District Electric Company (the) - 3031 MW Entergy Corporation/Services (Entergy System) - 10529 MW ERCOT - 4329 MW Michigan Electric Power Coordinated Center - 866 MW MidAmerican Energy Company - 4257 MW Nebraska Public Power District - 7360 MW Oklahoma Gas & Electric Company - 28430 MW PJM Interconnection LLC - 3247 MW Southwestern Power Administration (DOE) - 14720 MW Southwestern Public Service Company (Xcel) - 3608 MW Upper Peninsula Power Company - 6494 MW Westar Energy (KPL) - 3031 MW Wisconsin Public Service Corporation - 16891 MW Sacramento Municipal Utility District (& Avista Corporation - 1082 MW Bonneville Power Administration, USDOE - 40696 MW California City of Redding Electric Utility) Independent System Operator - 8405 MW Florida Power & Light Company - 2309 MW Northwestern Energy - 6871 MW Progress Energy (Florida Power Corp.) - 5700 MW Southern Company - 722 MW Turlock Irrigation District - 1443 MW

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Table A-3 (cont.) Balancing Authority Low Voltage Interconnection Capacity with Adjacent Balancing Authorities (MW) Salt River Project Arizona Public Service Company - 28151 MW Bonneville Power Administration, USDOE - 1569 MW California Independent System Operator - 8405 MW Public Service Company of New Mexico - 216 MW Tucson Electric Power Company - 2651 MW Turlock Irrigation District - 1443 MW Western Area Power Administration - Lower Colorado control area (Desert Southwe - 5989 MW Sierra Pacific Resources Arizona Public Service Company - 28151 MW Avista Corporation - 722 MW Bonneville Power Administration, USDOE - 11184 MW California Independent System Operator - 3137 MW Public Service Company of New Mexico - 216 MW Puget Sound Energy, Inc. - 3969 MW Tucson Electric Power Company - 2651 MW Western Area Power Administration - Lower Colorado control area (Desert Southwe - 2020 MW South Carolina Electric & Gas Bonneville Power Administration, USDOE - 722 MW California Independent System Operator - 938 MW Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - 2525 MW Idaho Power Company - 1082 MW Los Angeles Department of Water and Power - 722 MW PacifiCorp - East - 722 MW Progress Energy (Carolina Power & Light Company) - 7937 MW Southern Company - 1804 MW Southern Company Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - 4329 MW Progress Energy (Carolina Power & Light Company) - 7216 MW Southern Company - 3247 MW Southwestern Power Administration (DOE) Ameren (Illinois Power Co. Control Area) - 1804 MW Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - 9412 MW Entergy Corporation/Services (Entergy System) - 11200 MW Florida Power & Light Company - 20612 MW Louisville Gas & Electric and Kentucky Utilities - 722 MW Progress Energy (Carolina Power & Light Company) - 2165 MW Progress Energy (Florida Power Corp.) - 3608 MW South Carolina Electric & Gas - 5412 MW Tennessee Valley Authority - 32461 MW Southwestern Public Service Company Allete (Minnesota Power) - 6133 MW Alliant Energy-West - 1227 MW Ameren Corporation Control (Xcel) Area - 2020 MW Associated Electric Cooperative, Inc. - 24389 MW Dairyland Power Cooperative - 505 MW El Paso Electric Company - 1082 MW Empire District Electric Company (the) - 4474 MW Entergy Corporation/Services (Entergy System) - 15153 MW Kansas City Power & Light Company - 1010 MW Northern States Power Company - 20132 MW Oklahoma Gas & Electric Company - 5773 MW Otter Tail Power Company - 4329 MW Public Service Company of Colorado - 1082 MW Public Service Company of New Mexico - 722 MW Public Service Company of Oklahoma - 14720 MW Sunflower Electric Power Corporation - 1443 MW Western Area Power Admin - Upper Missouri-East (Upper Great Plains Region operat - 2381 MW Sunflower Electric Power Corporation El Paso Electric Company - 1082 MW Empire District Electric Company (the) - 722 MW Nebraska Public Power District - 1082 MW Public Service Company of Colorado - 1082 MW Public Service Company of New Mexico - 722 MW Public Service Company of Oklahoma - 4474 MW Sunflower Electric Power Corporation - 1443 MW Westar Energy (KPL) - 19379 MW Tennessee Valley Authority Empire District Electric Company (the) - 722 MW Florida Power & Light Company - 3752 MW Nebraska Public Power District - 2165 MW Progress Energy (Florida Power Corp.) - 6422 MW Southwestern Public Service Company (Xcel) - 1443 MW Westar Energy (KPL) - 19379 MW

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Table A-3 (cont.) Balancing Authority Low Voltage Interconnection Capacity with Adjacent Balancing Authorities (MW) Tucson Electric Power Company Ameren (Illinois Power Co. Control Area) - 4329 MW Ameren Corporation Control Area - 2165 MW Arizona Public Service Company - 3498 MW Associated Electric Cooperative, Inc. - 505 MW Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC - 1010 MW El Paso Electric Company - 2165 MW Entergy Corporation/Services (Entergy System) - 722 MW Louisville Gas & Electric and Kentucky Utilities - 8477 MW PJM Interconnection LLC - 18231 MW Progress Energy (Carolina Power & Light Company) - 1010 MW Public Service Company of New Mexico - 4438 MW Salt River Project - 2651 MW Southern Company - 27755 MW Western Area Power Administration - Colorado- Missouri Control Area (Rocky Mtn Re - 1082 MW Western Area Power Administration - Lower Colorado control area (Desert Southwe - 5628 MW Turlock Irrigation District Arizona Public Service Company - 3498 MW California Independent System Operator - 1082 MW El Paso Electric Company - 2165 MW Public Service Company of New Mexico - 4438 MW Sacramento Municipal Utility District (& City of Redding Electric Utility) - 1443 MW Salt River Project - 2651 MW Western Area Power Administration - Colorado-Missouri Control Area (Rocky Mtn Re - 1082 MW Western Area Power Administration - Lower Colorado control area (Desert Southwe - 5628 MW Upper Peninsula Power Company California Independent System Operator - 1082 MW Sacramento Municipal Utility District (& City of Redding Electric Utility) - 1443 MW Wisconsin Electric Power Company - 6494 MW Westar Energy (KPL) Ameren Corporation Control Area - 1710 MW Associated Electric Cooperative, Inc. - 6422 MW Empire District Electric Company (the) - 3103 MW Kansas City Power & Light Company - 18943 MW Oklahoma Gas & Electric Company - 1515 MW Omaha Public Power District - 505 MW Public Service Company of Oklahoma - 1515 MW Sunflower Electric Power Corporation - 19379 MW Wisconsin Electric Power Company - 6478 MW Western Area Power Admin - Upper Allete (Minnesota Power) - 2381 MW Alliant Energy-West - 1155 MW Ameren Corporation Control Missouri-East (Upper Great Plains Region Area - 3420 MW Associated Electric Cooperative, Inc. - 2020 MW Empire District Electric operat Company (the) - 2598 MW Kansas City Power & Light Company - 7438 MW MidAmerican Energy Company - 7937 MW Nebraska Public Power District - 7937 MW Northern States Power Company - 8659 MW Oklahoma Gas & Electric Company - 1515 MW Omaha Public Power District - 505 MW Otter Tail Power Company - 9173 MW Public Service Company of Oklahoma - 3031 MW Sunflower Electric Power Corporation - 8009 MW Western Area Power Administration - Colorado- Missouri Control Area (Rocky Mtn Re - 1443 MW Western Area Power Administration - Upper Missouri West (Upper Great Plains Regi - 722 MW

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Table A-3 (cont.) Balancing Authority Low Voltage Interconnection Capacity with Adjacent Balancing Authorities (MW) Western Area Power Administration - Alliant Energy-West - 2309 MW Associated Electric Cooperative, Inc. - 505 MW MidAmerican Colorado-Missouri Control Area (Rocky Mtn Energy Company - 13565 MW Nebraska Public Power District - 15153 MW Northern States Power Re Company - 8659 MW Otter Tail Power Company - 9173 MW PacifiCorp - East - 17862 MW Public Service Company of Colorado - 31755 MW Public Service Company of New Mexico - 1082 MW Tucson Electric Power Company - 1082 MW Western Area Power Administration - Colorado- Missouri Control Area (Rocky Mtn Re - 1443 MW Western Area Power Administration - Lower Colorado control area (Desert Southwe - 2958 MW Western Area Power Administration - Upper Missouri West (Upper Great Plains Regi - 722 MW Western Area Power Administration - Lower Arizona Public Service Company - 7881 MW California Independent System Operator - 2607 MW Colorado control area (Desert Southwe Imperial Irrigation District - 1117 MW Los Angeles Department of Water and Power - 3191 MW Nevada Power Company - 2507 MW PacifiCorp - East - 17862 MW Public Service Company of Colorado - 7034 MW Public Service Company of New Mexico - 3464 MW Salt River Project - 5989 MW Tucson Electric Power Company - 5628 MW Western Area Power Admin - Upper Missouri- East (Upper Great Plains Region operat - 1443 MW Western Area Power Administration - Lower Colorado control area (Desert Southwe - 1515 MW Western Area Power Administration - Upper Missouri West (Upper Great Plains Regi - 722 MW Western Area Power Administration - Upper Arizona Public Service Company - 7881 MW California Independent System Operator - 2607 MW Missouri West (Upper Great Plains Regi Imperial Irrigation District - 612 MW Los Angeles Department of Water and Power - 3012 MW Nevada Power Company - 2507 MW Northwestern Energy - 3247 MW PacifiCorp - East - 1371 MW Public Service Company of Colorado - 7034 MW Public Service Company of New Mexico - 3464 MW Salt River Project - 5989 MW Tucson Electric Power Company - 2780 MW Western Area Power Admin - Upper Missouri-East (Upper Great Plains Region operat - 722 MW Western Area Power Administration - Colorado-Missouri Control Area (Rocky Mtn Re - 2958 MW Wisconsin Electric Power Company Northwestern Energy - 1804 MW Oklahoma Gas & Electric Company - 6278 MW Public Service Company of Oklahoma - 6711 MW Southwestern Power Administration (DOE) - 3081 MW Western Area Power Admin - Upper Missouri-East (Upper Great Plains Region operat - 722 MW Western Area Power Administration - Colorado-Missouri Control Area (Rocky Mtn Re - 722 MW

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Table A-4. Initial High Voltage Interconnection Capacities Balancing Authority High Voltage Interconnection Capacity with Adjacent Balancing Authorities (MW) ERCOT Public Service Company of Oklahoma - 690 MW Nebraska Public Power District Western Area Power Administration - Colorado-Missouri Control Area (Rocky Mtn Re - 230 MW Public Service Company of Oklahoma ERCOT - 690 MW Southwestern Public Service Company (Xcel) - 713 MW Southwestern Public Service Company (Xcel) Public Service Company of Oklahoma - 713 MW Sunflower Electric Power Corporation - 460 MW Sunflower Electric Power Corporation Southwestern Public Service Company (Xcel) - 460 MW Western Area Power Admin - Upper Missouri- Western Area Power Administration - Colorado-Missouri Control Area (Rocky Mtn Re - 460 MW East (Upper Great Plains Region operat Western Area Power Administration - Upper Missouri West (Upper Great Plains Regi - 230 MW Western Area Power Administration - Nebraska Public Power District - 230 MW Colorado-Missouri Control Area (Rocky Mtn Western Area Power Admin - Upper Missouri-East (Upper Great Plains Region operat - 460 MW Re Western Area Power Administration - Upper Western Area Power Admin - Upper Missouri-East (Upper Great Plains Region operat - 230 MW Missouri West (Upper Great Plains Regi

Table A-5. Summer Daytime Peak Instantaneous Demand by Region Balancing Authority Instantaneous Maximum Demand (MW) in Year… 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Allete (Minnesota Power) 4775 5275 5776 6278 6780 7282 7784 8286 8788 9290 Alliant Energy-East 3848 4116 4398 4680 4962 5244 5526 5808 6090 6372 Alliant Energy-West 4548 4820 5096 5372 5648 5924 6200 6476 6752 7028 Ameren (Illinois Power Co. 10613 10941 11297 11653 12009 12365 12721 13077 13433 13789 Control Area) Ameren Corporation 9738 10101 10456 10810 11164 11518 11872 12226 12580 12934 Control Area Arizona Public Service 7874 8939 10091 11239 12387 13535 14683 15831 16979 18127 Company Associated Electric 4816 5094 5337 5579 5821 6063 6305 6547 6789 7031 Cooperative, Inc. Avista Corporation 1796 1889 1984 2078 2172 2266 2360 2454 2548 2642 Bonneville Power 13644 13949 14216 14476 14736 14996 15256 15516 15776 16036 Administration, USDOE California Independent 77231 81467 85700 89932 94164 98396 102628 106860 111092 115324 System Operator Cleco Corporation 2875 3022 3167 3313 3459 3605 3751 3897 4043 4189

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Table A-5 (cont.) Balancing Authority Instantaneous Maximum Demand (MW) in Year… 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Dairyland Power 988 1047 1105 1163 1221 1279 1337 1395 1453 1511 Cooperative Duke Energy Carolinas, 20829 21958 23120 24284 25448 26612 27776 28940 30104 31268 LLC Duke Energy Corp. 17297 17828 18433 19037 19641 20245 20849 21453 22057 22661 El Paso Electric Company 1806 1984 2162 2340 2518 2696 2874 3052 3230 3408 Empire District Electric 1284 1390 1498 1606 1714 1822 1930 2038 2146 2254 Company (the) Entergy 24492 25320 26166 27014 27862 28710 29558 30406 31254 32102 Corporation/Services (Entergy System) ERCOT 72516 77913 83589 89225 94861 100497 106133 111769 117405 123041 FirstEnergy Corporation 13600 14155 14702 15248 15794 16340 16886 17432 17978 18524 Florida Power & Light 30792 34071 37468 40884 44300 47716 51132 54548 57964 61380 Company Hoosier Energy REC, Inc. 3171 3402 3613 3823 4033 4243 4453 4663 4873 5083 Idaho Power Company 3722 3939 4145 4353 4561 4769 4977 5185 5393 5601 Imperial Irrigation District 1072 1183 1297 1411 1525 1639 1753 1867 1981 2095 ISO New England Inc. 40826 41587 43411 45213 47015 48817 50619 52421 54223 56025 Kansas City Power & Light 527 534 540 546 552 558 564 570 576 582 Company Los Angeles Department of 6395 6713 7040 7368 7696 8024 8352 8680 9008 9336 Water and Power Louisville Gas & Electric 9667 10156 10598 11040 11482 11924 12366 12808 13250 13692 and Kentucky Utilities Michigan Electric Power 20325 19767 19601 19437 19273 19109 18945 18781 18617 18453 Coordinated Center MidAmerican Energy 4701 4881 5126 5374 5622 5870 6118 6366 6614 6862 Company Nebraska Public Power 3542 3744 3932 4120 4308 4496 4684 4872 5060 5248 District Nevada Power Company 6964 7469 8063 8651 9239 9827 10415 11003 11591 12179 New York Independent 55052 56904 58971 61047 63123 65199 67275 69351 71427 73503 System Operator, Inc.

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Table A-5 (cont.) Balancing Authority Instantaneous Maximum Demand (MW) in Year… 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Northern Indiana Public 5480 5749 6033 6317 6601 6885 7169 7453 7737 8021 Service Company Northern States Power 9919 10154 10378 10600 10822 11044 11266 11488 11710 11932 Company NorthWestern Energy 2137 2245 2355 2465 2575 2685 2795 2905 3015 3125 Oklahoma Gas & Electric 6531 6950 7425 7897 8369 8841 9313 9785 10257 10729 Company Omaha Public Power 2718 2863 3010 3156 3302 3448 3594 3740 3886 4032 District Otter Tail Power Company 1791 1899 2007 2115 2223 2331 2439 2547 2655 2763 PacifiCorp - East 7136 7602 8045 8489 8933 9377 9821 10265 10709 11153 PacifiCorp - West 3775 4022 4258 4494 4730 4966 5202 5438 5674 5910 PJM Interconnection LLC 159239 167316 175367 183405 191443 199481 207519 215557 223595 231633 Portland General Electric 3692 4048 4414 4780 5146 5512 5878 6244 6610 6976 Company Progress Energy (Carolina 24450 26066 27719 29375 31031 32687 34343 35999 37655 39311 Power & Light Company) Progress Energy (Florida 20544 22181 23752 25336 26920 28504 30088 31672 33256 34840 Power Corp.) Public Service Company of 7562 8019 8503 8989 9475 9961 10447 10933 11419 11905 Colorado Public Service Company of 2001 2093 2198 2302 2406 2510 2614 2718 2822 2926 New Mexico Public Service Company of 12111 12626 13144 13664 14184 14704 15224 15744 16264 16784 Oklahoma Puget Sound Energy, Inc. 5262 5428 5648 5872 6096 6320 6544 6768 6992 7216 Sacramento Municipal 3042 3088 3143 3199 3255 3311 3367 3423 3479 3535 Utility District (& City of Redding Electric Utility) Salt River Project 7892 9113 10384 11656 12928 14200 15472 16744 18016 19288 Sierra Pacific Resources 2131 2186 2256 2324 2392 2460 2528 2596 2664 2732 South Carolina Electric & 5443 5852 6267 6681 7095 7509 7923 8337 8751 9165 Gas Southern Company 53115 57407 61726 66000 70274 74548 78822 83096 87370 91644 Southwestern Power 1896 2060 2226 2392 2558 2724 2890 3056 3222 3388 Administration (DOE)

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Table A-5 (cont.) Balancing Authority Instantaneous Maximum Demand (MW) in Year… 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Southwestern Public 7620 7796 8443 9089 9735 10381 11027 11673 12319 12965 Service Company (Xcel) Sunflower Electric Power 1237 1264 1288 1312 1336 1360 1384 1408 1432 1456 Corporation Tennessee Valley 40685 42804 44604 46480 48356 50232 52108 53984 55860 57736 Authority Tucson Electric Power 3429 3641 3863 4085 4307 4529 4751 4973 5195 5417 Company Turlock Irrigation District 733 792 850 908 966 1024 1082 1140 1198 1256 Upper Peninsula Power 118 118 118 118 118 118 118 118 118 118 Company Westar Energy (KPL) 7165 7697 8549 9357 10165 10973 11781 12589 13397 14205 Western Area Power 3198 3338 3421 3503 3585 3667 3749 3831 3913 3995 Admin - Upper Missouri- East (Upper Great Plains Region operat Western Area Power 4625 4907 5189 5471 5753 6035 6317 6599 6881 7163 Administration - Colorado- Missouri Control Area (Rocky Mtn Re Western Area Power 1870 2001 2131 2261 2391 2521 2651 2781 2911 3041 Administration - Lower Colorado control area (Desert Southwe Western Area Power 130 130 130 130 130 130 130 130 130 130 Administration - Upper Missouri West (Upper Great Plains Regi Wisconsin Electric Power 7544 7771 7993 8207 8421 8635 8849 9063 9277 9491 Company Wisconsin Public Service 2481 2572 2666 2760 2854 2948 3042 3136 3230 3324 Corporation

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Table A-6. Summer Nighttime Peak Instantaneous Demand by Region Balancing Authority Instantaneous Maximum Demand (MW) in Year… 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Allete (Minnesota Power) 4227 4667 5108 5549 5991 6432 6873 7315 7756 8198 Alliant Energy-East 3188 3410 3644 3878 4112 4346 4580 4814 5047 5281 Alliant Energy-West 3919 4153 4391 4629 4867 5104 5342 5580 5818 6056 Ameren (Illinois Power Co. 8632 8899 9189 9479 9769 10059 10349 10639 10929 11219 Control Area) Ameren Corporation 7820 8112 8399 8684 8970 9256 9541 9827 10113 10399 Control Area Arizona Public Service 6719 7628 8611 9591 10571 11550 12530 13510 14489 15469 Company Associated Electric 4146 4386 4595 4803 5012 5220 5428 5637 5845 6053 Cooperative, Inc. Avista Corporation 1453 1529 1605 1681 1757 1833 1909 1985 2061 2137 Bonneville Power 12520 12800 13046 13284 13523 13761 14000 14239 14477 14716 Administration, USDOE California Independent 59997 63288 66576 69864 73151 76439 79726 83014 86302 89589 System Operator Cleco Corporation 2264 2379 2493 2608 2722 2837 2951 3066 3180 3295 Dairyland Power 839 889 938 987 1036 1085 1135 1184 1233 1282 Cooperative Duke Energy Carolinas, 17437 18383 19356 20330 21305 22279 23253 24228 25202 26177 LLC Duke Energy Corp. 14158 14592 15088 15582 16076 16571 17065 17559 18054 18548 El Paso Electric Company 1425 1566 1706 1847 1987 2128 2268 2409 2549 2690 Empire District Electric 1087 1176 1268 1359 1450 1542 1633 1725 1816 1907 Company (the) Entergy 21376 22098 22837 23577 24317 25057 25797 26538 27278 28018 Corporation/Services (Entergy System) ERCOT 59218 63625 68260 72862 77465 82067 86670 91272 95875 100477 FirstEnergy Corporation 10975 11423 11864 12304 12745 13186 13626 14067 14507 14948 Florida Power & Light 25632 28371 31209 34063 36917 39771 42625 45479 48333 51187 Company Hoosier Energy REC, Inc. 2521 2705 2872 3039 3206 3373 3539 3706 3873 4040 Idaho Power Company 3199 3386 3562 3741 3920 4099 4278 4456 4635 4814 Imperial Irrigation District 845 932 1022 1112 1201 1291 1381 1471 1561 1651 ISO New England Inc. 32223 32824 34263 35686 37108 38530 39953 41375 42797 44219

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Table A-6 (cont.) Balancing Authority Instantaneous Maximum Demand (MW) in Year… 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Kansas City Power & Light 479 485 491 496 502 507 513 518 524 529 Company Los Angeles Department of 5087 5340 5600 5861 6122 6383 6644 6905 7166 7427 Water and Power Louisville Gas & Electric 8014 8414 8776 9138 9501 9863 10225 10588 10950 11312 and Kentucky Utilities Michigan Electric Power 16174 15730 15598 15468 15337 15207 15076 14946 14815 14685 Coordinated Center MidAmerican Energy 4000 4152 4360 4569 4779 4989 5199 5409 5619 5829 Company Nebraska Public Power 3298 3487 3662 3837 4012 4186 4361 4536 4711 4885 District Nevada Power Company 6058 6497 7014 7525 8037 8548 9060 9571 10083 10594 New York Independent 45203 46724 48421 50126 51830 53535 55239 56944 58649 60353 System Operator, Inc. Northern Indiana Public 4410 4627 4855 5084 5313 5541 5770 5998 6227 6455 Service Company Northern States Power 7626 7807 7979 8150 8320 8491 8662 8832 9003 9174 Company NorthWestern Energy 1842 1935 2029 2124 2219 2314 2408 2503 2598 2693 Oklahoma Gas & Electric 5301 5641 6026 6410 6793 7176 7559 7942 8325 8708 Company Omaha Public Power 2417 2546 2676 2806 2936 3066 3196 3326 3455 3585 District Otter Tail Power Company 1557 1651 1745 1839 1932 2026 2120 2214 2308 2402 PacifiCorp - East 5731 6105 6461 6818 7174 7531 7887 8244 8601 8957 PacifiCorp - West 3032 3230 3419 3609 3798 3988 4177 4367 4557 4746 PJM Interconnection LLC 125947 132338 138708 145068 151428 157789 164149 170509 176869 183229 Portland General Electric 2926 3209 3498 3788 4078 4368 4659 4949 5239 5529 Company Progress Energy (Carolina 20607 21962 23350 24739 26128 27518 28907 30297 31686 33076 Power & Light Company) Progress Energy (Florida 16970 18320 19614 20919 22224 23529 24833 26138 27443 28748 Power Corp.)

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Table A-6 (cont.) Balancing Authority Instantaneous Maximum Demand (MW) in Year… 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Public Service Company of 5803 6154 6526 6899 7272 7645 8018 8391 8764 9137 Colorado Public Service Company of 1578 1650 1733 1815 1897 1979 2061 2143 2225 2307 New Mexico Public Service Company of 10428 10872 11319 11767 12215 12663 13112 13560 14008 14456 Oklahoma Puget Sound Energy, Inc. 4663 4810 5005 5203 5402 5601 5800 5998 6197 6396 Sacramento Municipal 2530 2569 2615 2661 2708 2754 2801 2847 2894 2941 Utility District (& City of Redding Electric Utility) Salt River Project 6819 7874 8971 10070 11169 12268 13367 14466 15565 16664 Sierra Pacific Resources 1883 1931 1993 2053 2113 2174 2234 2294 2354 2414 South Carolina Electric & 4779 5138 5502 5865 6229 6592 6956 7319 7683 8046 Gas Southern Company 43284 46782 50301 53784 57267 60750 64233 67716 71199 74682 Southwestern Power 1777 1931 2087 2243 2399 2555 2711 2867 3023 3178 Administration (DOE) Southwestern Public 7204 7370 7982 8593 9204 9815 10425 11036 11647 12258 Service Company (Xcel) Sunflower Electric Power 1051 1074 1094 1114 1135 1155 1176 1196 1216 1237 Corporation Tennessee Valley Authority 34602 36404 37935 39530 41126 42721 44317 45912 47508 49103 Tucson Electric Power 2746 2916 3093 3271 3449 3627 3805 3982 4160 4338 Company Turlock Irrigation District 633 684 733 784 834 884 934 984 1034 1084 Upper Peninsula Power 102 102 102 102 102 102 102 102 102 102 Company Westar Energy (KPL) 6182 6641 7376 8073 8770 9468 10165 10862 11559 12256 Western Area Power 2570 2682 2748 2814 2880 2946 3012 3078 3144 3210 Admin - Upper Missouri- East (Upper Great Plains Region operat Western Area Power 4018 4263 4508 4753 4998 5243 5488 5733 5978 6223 Administration - Colorado- Missouri Control Area (Rocky Mtn Re

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Table A-6 (cont.) Balancing Authority Instantaneous Maximum Demand (MW) in Year… 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Western Area Power 1576 1686 1795 1905 2015 2124 2234 2343 2453 2562 Administration - Lower Colorado control area (Desert Southwe Western Area Power 113 113 113 113 113 113 113 113 113 113 Administration - Upper Missouri West (Upper Great Plains Regi Wisconsin Electric Power 6037 6218 6396 6567 6738 6910 7081 7252 7423 7594 Company Wisconsin Public Service 2014 2088 2165 2241 2317 2394 2470 2546 2623 2699 Corporation

Table A-7. Winter Daytime Peak Instantaneous Demand by Region Balancing Authority Instantaneous Maximum Demand (MW) in Year… 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Allete (Minnesota Power) 4249 4662 5073 5485 5897 6309 6721 7133 7545 7957 Alliant Energy-East 2941 3138 3344 3550 3756 3962 4168 4374 4580 4786 Alliant Energy-West 3747 3967 4193 4419 4645 4871 5097 5323 5549 5775 Ameren (Illinois Power Co. 8275 8592 8960 9328 9696 10064 10432 10800 11168 11536 Control Area) Ameren Corporation 8327 8630 8996 9360 9724 10088 10452 10816 11180 11544 Control Area Arizona Public Service 4765 5449 6117 6785 7453 8121 8789 9457 10125 10793 Company Associated Electric 4230 4475 4690 4904 5118 5332 5546 5760 5974 6188 Cooperative, Inc. Avista Corporation 1937 2062 2191 2319 2447 2575 2703 2831 2959 3087 Bonneville Power 15880 16439 16819 17189 17559 17929 18299 18669 19039 19409 Administration, USDOE California Independent 55547 58374 61227 64079 66931 69783 72635 75487 78339 81191 System Operator Cleco Corporation 2396 2517 2637 2757 2877 2997 3117 3237 3357 3477 Dairyland Power 963 1019 1071 1123 1175 1227 1279 1331 1383 1435 Cooperative

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Table A-7 (cont.) Balancing Authority Instantaneous Maximum Demand (MW) in Year… 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Duke Energy Carolinas, 18884 19776 20695 21615 22535 23455 24375 25295 26215 27135 LLC Duke Energy Corp. 14965 15404 15897 16389 16881 17373 17865 18357 18849 19341 El Paso Electric Company 1518 1667 1815 1963 2111 2259 2407 2555 2703 2851 Empire District Electric 1219 1335 1453 1571 1689 1807 1925 2043 2161 2279 Company (the) Entergy 19901 20529 20984 21408 21832 22256 22680 23104 23528 23952 Corporation/Services (Entergy System) ERCOT 50721 54323 57629 60885 64141 67397 70653 73909 77165 80421 FirstEnergy Corporation 11226 11758 12285 12811 13337 13863 14389 14915 15441 15967 Florida Power & Light 28449 31510 34401 37301 40200 43099 45999 48898 51797 54697 Company Hoosier Energy REC, Inc. 2784 2990 3177 3363 3549 3735 3921 4107 4293 4479 Idaho Power Company 2913 2992 3035 3093 3151 3209 3267 3325 3383 3441 Imperial Irrigation District 567 608 650 692 734 776 818 860 902 944 ISO New England Inc. 30194 30651 31013 31373 31733 32093 32453 32813 33173 33533 Kansas City Power & Light 373 378 382 386 390 394 398 402 406 410 Company Los Angeles Department of 4537 4768 5003 5239 5475 5711 5947 6183 6419 6655 Water and Power Louisville Gas & Electric 8734 9148 9705 10261 10817 11373 11929 12485 13041 13597 and Kentucky Utilities Michigan Electric Power 14360 14610 14948 15288 15628 15968 16308 16648 16988 17328 Coordinated Center MidAmerican Energy 3710 3838 4014 4192 4370 4548 4726 4904 5082 5260 Company Nebraska Public Power 2998 3154 3264 3378 3492 3606 3720 3834 3948 4062 District Nevada Power Company 3885 4156 4486 4816 5146 5476 5806 6136 6466 6796 New York Independent 39295 40198 41297 42393 43489 44585 45681 46777 47873 48969 System Operator, Inc. Northern Indiana Public 4629 4853 5097 5341 5585 5829 6073 6317 6561 6805 Service Company

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Table A-7 (cont.) Balancing Authority Instantaneous Maximum Demand (MW) in Year… 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Northern States Power 7453 7538 7606 7674 7742 7810 7878 7946 8014 8082 Company NorthWestern Energy 1968 2050 2134 2218 2302 2386 2470 2554 2638 2722 Oklahoma Gas & Electric 4580 4874 5206 5536 5866 6196 6526 6856 7186 7516 Company Omaha Public Power 1948 2107 2256 2394 2532 2670 2808 2946 3084 3222 District Otter Tail Power Company 2119 2257 2405 2553 2701 2849 2997 3145 3293 3441 PacifiCorp - East 6497 6808 7039 7272 7505 7737 7970 8203 8436 8669 PacifiCorp - West 3437 3601 3723 3847 3970 4093 4216 4339 4462 4586 PJM Interconnection LLC 131236 136946 142646 148328 154010 159692 165374 171056 176738 182420 Portland General Electric 4037 4325 4621 4917 5213 5509 5805 6101 6397 6693 Company Progress Energy (Carolina 22672 24297 25929 27563 29197 30830 32464 34098 35732 37366 Power & Light Company) Progress Energy (Florida 22448 24288 26111 27920 29729 31539 33348 35157 36966 38775 Power Corp.) Public Service Company of 6309 6848 7442 8040 8638 9236 9834 10432 11030 11628 Colorado Public Service Company of 1680 1780 1880 1980 2080 2180 2280 2380 2480 2580 New Mexico Public Service Company of 9129 9605 10053 10501 10949 11397 11845 12293 12741 13189 Oklahoma Puget Sound Energy, Inc. 7941 8212 8573 8941 9309 9677 10045 10413 10781 11149 Sacramento Municipal 1743 1759 1781 1803 1825 1847 1869 1891 1913 1935 Utility District (& City of Redding Electric Utility) Salt River Project 4585 5185 5805 6427 7049 7671 8293 8915 9537 10159 Sierra Pacific Resources 1822 1892 1973 2053 2133 2213 2293 2373 2453 2533 South Carolina Electric & 4523 4853 5219 5585 5951 6317 6683 7048 7414 7780 Gas Southern Company 44185 47565 50968 54329 57690 61051 64412 67773 71134 74495 Southwestern Power 1356 1473 1590 1708 1826 1944 2062 2180 2298 2416 Administration (DOE) Southwestern Public 5005 5074 5490 5906 6322 6738 7154 7570 7986 8402 Service Company (Xcel)

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Table A-7 (cont.) Balancing Authority Instantaneous Maximum Demand (MW) in Year… 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Sunflower Electric Power 852 871 887 903 919 935 951 967 983 999 Corporation Tennessee Valley Authority 38101 38553 37101 35701 34301 32901 31501 30101 28701 27301 Tucson Electric Power 2216 2331 2454 2576 2698 2820 2942 3064 3186 3308 Company Turlock Irrigation District 430 466 502 538 574 610 646 682 718 754 Upper Peninsula Power 127 127 127 127 127 127 127 127 127 127 Company Westar Energy (KPL) 4495 4821 5214 5620 6026 6432 6838 7244 7650 8056 Western Area Power 2996 3122 3318 3504 3690 3876 4062 4248 4434 4620 Admin - Upper Missouri- East (Upper Great Plains Region operat Western Area Power 4282 4566 4845 5125 5405 5685 5965 6245 6525 6805 Administration - Colorado- Missouri Control Area (Rocky Mtn Re Western Area Power 1140 1231 1321 1411 1501 1591 1681 1771 1861 1951 Administration - Lower Colorado control area (Desert Southwe Western Area Power 120 120 120 120 120 120 120 120 120 120 Administration - Upper Missouri West (Upper Great Plains Regi Wisconsin Electric Power 5431 5473 5507 5535 5563 5591 5619 5647 5675 5703 Company Wisconsin Public Service 2106 2183 2259 2335 2411 2487 2563 2639 2715 2791 Corporation

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Table A-8. Summer Nighttime Peak Instantaneous Demand by Region Balancing Authority Instantaneous Maximum Demand (MW) in Year… 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Allete (Minnesota Power) 4143 4546 4947 5350 5752 6155 6557 6959 7362 7764 Alliant Energy-East 2569 2741 2921 3101 3282 3462 3642 3823 4003 4183 Alliant Energy-West 3356 3554 3756 3959 4161 4364 4566 4769 4971 5174 Ameren (Illinois Power Co. 7797 8096 8444 8791 9138 9485 9832 10180 10527 10874 Control Area) Ameren Corporation 7960 8249 8599 8947 9295 9642 9990 10338 10686 11034 Control Area Arizona Public Service 3922 4485 5035 5585 6135 6685 7235 7784 8334 8884 Company Associated Electric 4200 4443 4656 4869 5081 5294 5506 5719 5931 6143 Cooperative, Inc. Avista Corporation 1792 1908 2027 2145 2264 2382 2501 2619 2738 2856 Bonneville Power 14815 15337 15691 16036 16381 16726 17072 17417 17762 18107 Administration, USDOE California Independent 43176 45373 47591 49808 52025 54241 56458 58675 60892 63109 System Operator Cleco Corporation 2362 2481 2600 2718 2837 2955 3074 3192 3311 3429 Dairyland Power 890 942 990 1038 1086 1134 1182 1230 1278 1326 Cooperative Duke Energy Carolinas, 18489 19362 20262 21163 22063 22964 23865 24766 25666 26567 LLC Duke Energy Corp. 13880 14293 14753 15212 15670 16129 16588 17047 17506 17964 El Paso Electric Company 1286 1412 1537 1663 1788 1913 2039 2164 2289 2415 Empire District Electric 1140 1249 1359 1469 1580 1690 1800 1911 2021 2131 Company (the) Entergy 19601 20219 20668 21085 21503 21921 22338 22756 23174 23591 Corporation/Services (Entergy System) ERCOT 46823 50148 53201 56207 59212 62218 65224 68230 71235 74241 FirstEnergy Corporation 10509 11007 11500 11993 12485 12977 13470 13962 14455 14947 Florida Power & Light 26262 29091 31767 34451 37134 39818 42501 45185 47868 50552 Company Hoosier Energy REC, Inc. 2672 2871 3052 3231 3411 3591 3770 3950 4129 4309 Idaho Power Company 2713 2786 2826 2880 2934 2988 3042 3096 3150 3204 Imperial Irrigation District 422 452 483 514 546 577 608 639 671 702 ISO New England Inc. 26446 26846 27163 27478 27794 28109 28424 28740 29055 29370

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Table A-8 (cont.) Balancing Authority Instantaneous Maximum Demand (MW) in Year… 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Kansas City Power & Light 345 350 353 357 361 364 368 372 376 379 Company Los Angeles Department of 3540 3721 3904 4088 4272 4457 4641 4825 5009 5193 Water and Power Louisville Gas & Electric 8161 8545 9061 9576 10090 10605 11120 11635 12150 12664 and Kentucky Utilities Michigan Electric Power 12927 13152 13456 13762 14068 14374 14680 14986 15292 15599 Coordinated Center MidAmerican Energy 3328 3442 3600 3759 3918 4077 4236 4395 4554 4713 Company Nebraska Public Power 2856 3005 3109 3217 3326 3434 3542 3650 3758 3867 District Nevada Power Company 3372 3607 3894 4180 4466 4753 5039 5326 5612 5899 New York Independent 35083 35889 36870 37849 38827 39806 40784 41763 42741 43720 System Operator, Inc. Northern Indiana Public 4341 4551 4780 5008 5237 5466 5695 5924 6152 6381 Service Company Northern States Power 6509 6583 6642 6702 6761 6820 6880 6939 6999 7058 Company NorthWestern Energy 1838 1914 1993 2071 2149 2228 2306 2385 2463 2542 Oklahoma Gas & Electric 4111 4375 4673 4969 5266 5562 5858 6154 6450 6747 Company Omaha Public Power 1822 1971 2110 2239 2368 2497 2626 2755 2884 3013 District Otter Tail Power Company 2029 2161 2303 2445 2586 2728 2870 3011 3153 3295 PacifiCorp - East 5951 6235 6447 6660 6873 7087 7300 7513 7726 7940 PacifiCorp - West 3148 3298 3410 3523 3636 3749 3862 3974 4087 4200 PJM Interconnection LLC 123227 128594 133952 139292 144633 149973 155314 160654 165995 171335 Portland General Electric 3597 3854 4118 4381 4645 4909 5173 5437 5700 5964 Company Progress Energy (Carolina 23424 25108 26800 28494 30188 31882 33576 35270 36964 38658 Power & Light Company) Progress Energy (Florida 22519 24379 26223 28054 29885 31716 33547 35378 37208 39039 Power Corp.)

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Table A-8 (cont.) Balancing Authority Instantaneous Maximum Demand (MW) in Year… 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Public Service Company of 5814 6311 6858 7409 7960 8511 9062 9613 10164 10715 Colorado Public Service Company of 1575 1669 1763 1857 1950 2044 2138 2232 2325 2419 New Mexico Public Service Company of 8630 9080 9504 9928 10351 10775 11198 11622 12046 12469 Oklahoma Puget Sound Energy, Inc. 6983 7221 7538 7860 8182 8505 8827 9150 9472 9794 Sacramento Municipal 1520 1534 1553 1572 1591 1610 1630 1649 1668 1687 Utility District (& City of Redding Electric Utility) Salt River Project 3903 4414 4942 5471 6001 6530 7060 7589 8119 8648 Sierra Pacific Resources 1707 1773 1848 1923 1998 2073 2148 2223 2298 2373 South Carolina Electric & 4623 4960 5334 5708 6082 6456 6830 7204 7578 7952 Gas Southern Company 43681 47020 50383 53704 57026 60348 63669 66991 70313 73634 Southwestern Power 1300 1413 1525 1639 1752 1865 1979 2092 2205 2318 Administration (DOE) Southwestern Public 4803 4869 5269 5668 6067 6466 6865 7264 7664 8063 Service Company (Xcel) Sunflower Electric Power 779 797 811 826 841 855 870 884 899 914 Corporation Tennessee Valley Authority 37851 38300 36858 35467 34076 32685 31294 29904 28513 27122 Tucson Electric Power 1807 1900 2000 2100 2199 2299 2398 2498 2597 2697 Company Turlock Irrigation District 363 393 424 454 484 515 545 575 606 636 Upper Peninsula Power 112 112 112 112 112 112 112 112 112 112 Company Westar Energy (KPL) 4051 4345 4699 5065 5430 5796 6162 6528 6894 7260 Western Area Power 2674 2786 2961 3127 3293 3459 3625 3791 3957 4123 Admin - Upper Missouri- East (Upper Great Plains Region operat Western Area Power 4200 4478 4752 5027 5301 5576 5851 6125 6400 6675 Administration - Colorado- Missouri Control Area (Rocky Mtn Re

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Table A-8 (cont.) Balancing Authority Instantaneous Maximum Demand (MW) in Year… 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Western Area Power 926 1000 1073 1146 1219 1293 1366 1439 1512 1585 Administration - Lower Colorado control area (Desert Southwe Western Area Power 112 112 112 112 112 112 112 112 112 112 Administration - Upper Missouri West (Upper Great Plains Regi Wisconsin Electric Power 4877 4914 4945 4970 4995 5020 5045 5070 5096 5121 Company Wisconsin Public Service 1884 1953 2020 2088 2156 2224 2292 2360 2428 2496 Corporation

Table A-9. Summer Daytime Total Demand by Region Balancing Total Demand (MWh) in Year… Authority 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Allete (Minnesota 16213634 17993376 19707132 21424427 23141722 24859017 26576313 28293608 30010903 31728199 Power) Alliant Energy-East 12572037 13448028 14385001 15322528 16260056 17197584 18135111 19072639 20010167 20947694 Alliant Energy-West 15396377 16296869 17242572 18189420 19136269 20083118 21029966 21976815 22923664 23870513 Ameren (Illinois 34390007 35302214 36459378 37615506 38771634 39927761 41083889 42240017 43396145 44552272 Power Co. Control Area) Ameren Corporation 29394175 30409851 31487058 32561757 33636455 34711154 35785852 36860551 37935249 39009948 Control Area Arizona Public 26007059 29398102 33312412 37213131 41113850 45014569 48915288 52816007 56716726 60617446 Service Company Associated Electric 13665724 14369422 15062652 15753504 16444355 17135206 17826058 18516909 19207760 19898612 Cooperative, Inc. Avista Corporation 6186107 6532795 6863724 7192903 7522082 7851260 8180439 8509618 8838796 9167975 Bonneville Power 61617395 63029242 64242857 65423179 66603502 67783825 68964148 70144471 71324794 72505117 Administration, USDOE

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Table A-9 (cont.) Balancing Total Demand (MWh) in Year… Authority 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 California 39643901 41863897 44067754 46271089 48474425 50677761 52881096 55084432 57287767 59491103 Independent 8 8 0 7 3 0 6 2 9 5 System Operator Cleco Corporation 11572882 12160672 12757828 13358431 13959034 14559637 15160240 15760843 16361446 16962049 Dairyland Power 3377960 3582685 3783361 3984616 4185871 4387126 4588381 4789636 4990891 5192146 Cooperative Duke Energy 67227438 70761083 74557085 78358530 82159974 85961419 89762863 93564308 97365753 10116719 Carolinas, LLC 7 Duke Energy Corp. 63074878 64568890 66772179 68971737 71171295 73370854 75570412 77769971 79969529 82169088 El Paso Electric 5912880 6581366 7185944 7789957 8393970 8997983 9601996 10206009 10810022 11414035 Company Empire District 3728882 4038511 4358510 4678510 4998509 5318509 5638508 5958507 6278507 6598506 Electric Company (the) Entergy 81728018 85121627 87990883 90865789 93740695 96615601 99490507 10236541 10524031 10811522 Corporation/Servic 3 9 5 es (Entergy System) ERCOT 25670077 27745828 29804352 31848369 33892386 35936403 37980420 40024437 42068454 44112472 1 0 0 2 3 4 6 7 9 0 FirstEnergy 42283061 43996667 45711841 47425447 49139053 50852658 52566264 54279869 55993475 57707081 Corporation Florida Power & 12636482 14030271 15426763 16830414 18234064 19637715 21041366 22445017 23848668 25252319 Light Company 3 5 2 0 9 7 5 4 2 1 Hoosier Energy 9894857 10612140 11281039 11948333 12615627 13282921 13950214 14617508 15284802 15952096 REC, Inc. Idaho Power 11597238 12313156 12964662 13623560 14282458 14941356 15600254 16259152 16918050 17576948 Company Imperial Irrigation 3403675 3737082 4105558 4474572 4843587 5212602 5581616 5950631 6319645 6688660 District ISO New England 16557060 17077653 17834949 18583042 19331135 20079228 20827321 21575414 22323507 23071601 Inc. 7 8 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 Kansas City Power 1581136 1609856 1628499 1646639 1664778 1682917 1701056 1719196 1737335 1755474 & Light Company

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Table A-9 (cont.) Balancing Total Demand (MWh) in Year… Authority 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Los Angeles 21054217 22069319 23157642 24249293 25340944 26432595 27524245 28615896 29707547 30799198 Department of Water and Power Louisville Gas & 32535098 34315306 35807140 37299419 38791699 40283978 41776257 43268537 44760816 46253096 Electric and Kentucky Utilities Michigan Electric 11015674 10792450 10701629 10611901 10522174 10432447 10342719 10252992 10163264 10073537 Power Coordinated 8 6 0 7 3 0 6 2 9 5 Center MidAmerican 15226198 15738114 16538053 17346686 18155319 18963952 19772585 20581218 21389851 22198484 Energy Company Nebraska Public 9835475 10438973 10972256 11504507 12036759 12569010 13101262 13633513 14165765 14698016 Power District Nevada Power 21829614 23407254 25306176 27185917 29065658 30945400 32825141 34704882 36584623 38464364 Company New York 26860932 27705841 28721664 29741746 30761828 31781910 32801992 33822074 34842157 35862239 Independent 2 2 7 7 8 8 9 9 0 0 System Operator, Inc. Northern Indiana 26020155 27301569 28667128 30032687 31398247 32763806 34129365 35494924 36860484 38226043 Public Service Company Northern States 32394608 33168098 33903269 34632419 35361568 36090718 36819868 37549017 38278167 39007317 Power Company NorthWestern 8769659 9212089 9668366 10125335 10582305 11039274 11496243 11953213 12410182 12867152 Energy Oklahoma Gas & 20111251 21287484 22766474 24237155 25707836 27178517 28649198 30119879 31590560 33061241 Electric Company Omaha Public 8177471 8910417 9372252 9832510 10292769 10753027 11213286 11673544 12133803 12594062 Power District Otter Tail Power 17581840 18711316 19790815 20870314 21949813 23029312 24108811 25188310 26267809 27347308 Company PacifiCorp - East 25222006 27056859 28658142 30261832 31865523 33469213 35072904 36676594 38280285 39883975 PacifiCorp - West 13342416 14314021 15165229 16017641 16870053 17722465 18574878 19427290 20279702 21132114

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Table A-9 (cont.) Balancing Total Demand (MWh) in Year… Authority 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 PJM 53254768 56203944 58940837 61673481 64406125 67138770 69871414 72604058 75336703 78069347 Interconnection 2 7 1 4 7 0 3 7 0 3 LLC Portland General 12002697 13129298 14342177 15556716 16771255 17985794 19200333 20414872 21629410 22843949 Electric Company Progress Energy 10026197 10729955 11466431 12204335 12942238 13680141 14418044 15155947 15893851 16631754 (Carolina Power & 4 3 9 1 3 5 7 9 1 3 Light Company) Progress Energy 75336755 80121540 85903385 91732553 97561721 10339088 10922005 11504922 12087839 12670756 (Florida Power 9 7 4 2 0 Corp.) Public Service 26456745 28023357 29741366 31465880 33190394 34914908 36639423 38363937 40088451 41812965 Company of Colorado Public Service 7006210 7328864 7699976 8068724 8437472 8806220 9174967 9543715 9912463 10281211 Company of New Mexico Public Service 39658336 41415630 43131554 44854142 46576730 48299318 50021906 51744494 53467082 55189671 Company of Oklahoma Puget Sound 19223590 19736224 20548394 21376555 22204715 23032875 23861036 24689196 25517356 26345517 Energy, Inc. Sacramento 8619285 8737240 8893567 9052736 9211905 9371074 9530243 9689412 9848581 10007750 Municipal Utility District (& City of Redding Electric Utility) Salt River Project 26351340 30275641 34649746 39028440 43407134 47785828 52164523 56543217 60921911 65300605 Sierra Pacific 7803184 7964756 8221802 8471504 8721206 8970908 9220609 9470311 9720013 9969715 Resources South Carolina 18036976 19407685 20807091 22204809 23602527 25000245 26397963 27795681 29193399 30591117 Electric & Gas Southern Company 39892226 43237596 46553322 49834209 53115095 56395981 59676868 62957754 66238641 69519527 7 9 8 2 6 9 3 7 1 5

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Table A-9 (cont.) Balancing Total Demand (MWh) in Year… Authority 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Southwestern 6072559 6597984 7140599 7683779 8226959 8770140 9313320 9856500 10399680 10942861 Power Administration (DOE) Southwestern 30994311 31476697 34144936 36808364 39471793 42135222 44798650 47462079 50125508 52788936 Public Service Company (Xcel) Sunflower Electric 3927629 4043337 4120475 4197614 4274752 4351891 4429029 4506167 4583306 4660444 Power Corporation Tennessee Valley 15867218 16861969 17578906 18326114 19073322 19820530 20567738 21314946 22062154 22809363 Authority 4 0 4 5 6 7 7 8 9 0 Tucson Electric 11309760 12088581 12837620 13586097 14334574 15083051 15831528 16580006 17328483 18076960 Power Company Turlock Irrigation 2179206 2361439 2537092 2713251 2889410 3065568 3241727 3417886 3594045 3770204 District Upper Peninsula 429719 431548 431548 431548 431548 431548 431548 431548 431548 431548 Power Company Westar Energy 21489861 22791355 25381166 27838193 30295220 32752246 35209273 37666300 40123326 42580353 (KPL) Western Area 14823322 15486181 15871294 16254072 16636850 17019628 17402407 17785185 18167963 18550742 Power Admin - Upper Missouri- East (Upper Great Plains Region operat Western Area 24987618 26502767 28045314 29590601 31135888 32681175 34226462 35771748 37317035 38862322 Power Administration - Colorado-Missouri Control Area (Rocky Mtn Re Western Area 6806249 7309384 7791478 8274190 8756903 9239616 9722328 10205041 10687754 11170466 Power Administration - Lower Colorado control area (Desert Southwe

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Table A-9 (cont.) Balancing Total Demand (MWh) in Year… Authority 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Western Area 453330 453330 453330 453330 453330 453330 453330 453330 453330 453330 Power Administration - Upper Missouri West (Upper Great Plains Regi Wisconsin Electric 28751299 29662209 30514825 31337334 32159843 32982352 33804861 34627370 35449879 36272388 Power Company Wisconsin Public 8685775 8941910 9272312 9602130 9931947 10261764 10591582 10921399 11251216 11581034 Service Corporation

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Table A-10. Summer Nighttime Total Demand by Region Balancing Total Demand (MWh) in Year… Authority 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Allete (Minnesota 14364695 16071902 17629288 19191067 20752846 22314625 23876404 25438183 26999962 28561741 Power) Alliant Energy-East 10568451 11271321 12063326 12862939 13662553 14462166 15261779 16061393 16861006 17660620 Alliant Energy-West 13147536 13896616 14713972 15533585 16353198 17172812 17992425 18812038 19631651 20451265 Ameren (Illinois 29354254 30080969 31051413 32044789 33038164 34031540 35024916 36018291 37011667 38005043 Power Co. Control Area) Ameren Corporation 24431130 25218004 26120595 27022594 27924594 28826594 29728594 30630594 31532593 32434593 Control Area Arizona Public 21826369 24432568 27790696 31142983 34495270 37847558 41199845 44552132 47904420 51256707 Service Company Associated Electric 11681883 12410986 13023566 13627823 14232080 14836337 15440593 16044850 16649107 17253364 Cooperative, Inc. Avista Corporation 5297881 5608357 5894482 6180607 6466733 6752858 7038983 7325108 7611233 7897358 Bonneville Power 53479332 55206081 56239469 57277515 58315561 59353607 60391653 61429699 62467745 63505791 Administration, USDOE California 324575125 343196604 361504517 379808106 398111694 416415282 434718870 453022459 471326047 489629635 Independent System Operator Cleco Corporation 9428178 9878836 10376138 10869480 11362823 11856166 12349509 12842851 13336194 13829537 Dairyland Power 2880574 3054881 3233195 3407502 3581809 3756116 3930423 4104730 4279037 4453344 Cooperative Duke Energy 57279411 60320771 63587364 66871355 70155347 73439338 76723330 80007321 83291312 86575304 Carolinas, LLC Duke Energy Corp. 53820299 54394429 56239930 58107467 59975003 61842539 63710075 65577611 67445147 69312683 El Paso Electric 4682004 5264302 5762289 6257033 6751777 7246522 7741266 8236010 8730755 9225499 Company Empire District 3090975 3347825 3618458 3889090 4159723 4430356 4700988 4971621 5242253 5512886 Electric Company (the) Entergy 72149632 75651112 78243281 80820759 83398237 85975716 88553194 91130672 93708150 96285628 Corporation/Services (Entergy System) ERCOT 207793469 226313992 242923213 259873792 276824372 293774951 310725530 327676109 344626688 361577267

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Table A-10 (cont.) Balancing Total Demand (MWh) in Year… Authority 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 FirstEnergy 36478293 37960728 39463677 40957052 42450428 43943803 45437178 46930554 48423929 49917305 Corporation Florida Power & 100993351 113281655 124871396 136520812 148170227 159819643 171469059 183118474 194767890 206417306 Light Company Hoosier Energy 8157566 8711213 9300963 9859700 10418438 10977175 11535912 12094650 12653387 13212124 REC, Inc. Idaho Power 10042115 10731775 11327984 11911111 12494238 13077365 13660491 14243618 14826745 15409872 Company Imperial Irrigation 2659160 2906884 3199336 3493508 3787680 4081852 4376024 4670196 4964368 5258540 District ISO New England 132046958 138549592 144424272 150546397 156668522 162790646 168912771 175034895 181157020 187279145 Inc. Kansas City 1443752 1472877 1489982 1506625 1523267 1539910 1556553 1573195 1589838 1606481 Power & Light Company Los Angeles 17195896 17989637 18884999 19785854 20686709 21587565 22488420 23389275 24290130 25190985 Department of Water and Power Louisville Gas & 28013881 29461506 30775257 32059552 33343846 34628141 35912436 37196730 38481025 39765319 Electric and Kentucky Utilities Michigan Electric 93217634 90746059 89963508 89210791 88458073 87705356 86952638 86199921 85447203 84694486 Power Coordinated Center MidAmerican 13163205 13575985 14232852 14934013 15635174 16336334 17037495 17738656 18439817 19140977 Energy Company Nebraska Public 8674481 9258114 9730833 10207940 10685048 11162155 11639262 12116370 12593477 13070585 Power District Nevada Power 19328878 20986178 22549149 24255790 25962432 27669074 29375715 31082357 32788999 34495640 Company New York 228656336 235354318 244124833 252872873 261620914 270368954 279116995 287865036 296613076 305361117 Independent System Operator, Inc.

144

Table A-10 (cont.) Balancing Total Demand (MWh) in Year… Authority 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Northern Indiana 22817327 23940050 25148152 26360522 27572893 28785263 29997634 31210005 32422375 33634746 Public Service Company Northern States 26434927 27054674 27664542 28262733 28860924 29459115 30057306 30655497 31253689 31851880 Power Company NorthWestern 7679664 8066410 8470958 8876120 9281283 9686445 10091607 10496769 10901931 11307093 Energy Oklahoma Gas & 16659821 17544195 18725964 19955490 21185017 22414543 23644069 24873596 26103122 27332648 Electric Company Omaha Public 6853010 7709118 8109556 8512755 8915955 9319154 9722354 10125553 10528753 10931952 Power District Otter Tail Power 15511513 16697048 17674436 18651825 19629213 20606601 21583989 22561377 23538766 24516154 Company PacifiCorp - East 20840559 22526283 23934622 25292991 26651359 28009728 29368097 30726466 32084835 33443204 PacifiCorp - West 11024509 11916321 12664852 13386868 14108883 14830899 15552915 16274931 16996947 17718963 PJM 436350814 465210652 488028366 510927393 533826421 556725448 579624476 602523503 625422531 648321558 Interconnection LLC Portland General 9730756 10581906 11578108 12579783 13581459 14583134 15584809 16586485 17588160 18589835 Electric Company Progress Energy 84546077 90346549 96643278 102961636 109279994 115598352 121916710 128235068 134553426 140871784 (Carolina Power & Light Company) Progress Energy 61641631 64539994 69336450 74102884 78869318 83635753 88402187 93168621 97935056 102701490 (Florida Power Corp.) Public Service 21760031 22593716 23994324 25406069 26817813 28229557 29641301 31053045 32464789 33876533 Company of Colorado Public Service 5768306 6044323 6334116 6641129 6948142 7255156 7562169 7869182 8176195 8483209 Company of New Mexico Public Service 34429661 36101386 37607150 39125973 40644797 42163620 43682443 45201266 46720089 48238912 Company of Oklahoma

145

Table A-10 (cont.) Balancing Total Demand (MWh) in Year… Authority 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Puget Sound 16091613 16488215 17151378 17846516 18541654 19236792 19931930 20627069 21322207 22017345 Energy, Inc. Sacramento 7313585 7399400 7529935 7665305 7800674 7936044 8071414 8206783 8342153 8477523 Municipal Utility District (& City of Redding Electric Utility) Salt River Project 22276007 25337950 29118827 32918623 36718419 40518216 44318012 48117808 51917605 55717401 Sierra Pacific 7041796 7170041 7401547 7628057 7854567 8081077 8307587 8534097 8760607 8987117 Resources South Carolina 15551983 16771135 17996227 19225774 20455321 21684867 22914414 24143961 25373507 26603054 Electric & Gas Southern 325793674 354914458 382056101 409465401 436874701 464284001 491693301 519102601 546511901 573921201 Company Southwestern 5724382 6218461 6741957 7265725 7789493 8313260 8837028 9360796 9884563 10408331 Power Administration (DOE) Southwestern 29252413 30385158 31993328 34538558 37083788 39629018 42174247 44719477 47264707 49809937 Public Service Company (Xcel) Sunflower Electric 3385019 3501117 3569656 3636797 3703938 3771079 3838220 3905361 3972501 4039642 Power Corporation Tennessee Valley 134018666 143773533 150541090 157008710 163476329 169943949 176411569 182879189 189346809 195814428 Authority Tucson Electric 9246570 9975746 10584098 11210315 11836532 12462748 13088965 13715182 14341399 14967615 Power Company Turlock Irrigation 1867984 2031749 2185750 2340195 2494640 2649085 2803529 2957974 3112419 3266864 District Upper Peninsula 392573 389274 389274 389274 389274 389274 389274 389274 389274 389274 Power Company Westar Energy 18318653 19768512 21727002 23882451 26037900 28193350 30348799 32504249 34659698 36815148 (KPL)

146

Table A-10 (cont.) Balancing Total Demand (MWh) in Year… Authority 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Western Area 11775110 12223970 12641037 12947758 13254480 13561201 13867922 14174644 14481365 14788087 Power Admin - Upper Missouri- East (Upper Great Plains Region operat Western Area 21681003 23023988 24383882 25746191 27108500 28470809 29833118 31195427 32557736 33920045 Power Administration - Colorado- Missouri Control Area (Rocky Mtn Re Western Area 5596882 6019641 6421675 6825782 7229889 7633996 8038103 8442211 8846318 9250425 Power Administration - Lower Colorado control area (Desert Southwe Western Area 398730 398730 398730 398730 398730 398730 398730 398730 398730 398730 Power Administration - Upper Missouri West (Upper Great Plains Regi Wisconsin Electric 23605424 24782225 25459679 26150585 26841491 27532398 28223304 28914210 29605116 30296022 Power Company Wisconsin Public 7459813 7652295 7939250 8224184 8509118 8794052 9078985 9363919 9648853 9933787 Service Corporation

147

Table A-11. Winter Daytime Total Demand by Region Balancing Total Demand (MWh) in Year… Authority 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Allete (Minnesota 14853593 16515099 18028342 19535522 21042703 22549883 24057063 25564243 27071424 28578604 Power) Alliant Energy-East 10395435 11063621 11808903 12558343 13307782 14057222 14806661 15556101 16305541 17054980 Alliant Energy-West 13812289 14605945 15455802 16311972 17168143 18024313 18880483 19736653 20592823 21448993 Ameren (Illinois 29158301 30057797 31311799 32621533 33931266 35241000 36550734 37860468 39170202 40479936 Power Co. Control Area) Ameren Corporation 27356807 28182346 29391293 30605266 31819239 33033211 34247184 35461157 36675130 37889103 Control Area Arizona Public 14399312 16203785 18339659 20458091 22576523 24694955 26813387 28931819 31050251 33168682 Service Company Associated Electric 11644156 12372359 12985333 13591696 14198059 14804423 15410786 16017149 16623512 17229875 Cooperative, Inc. Avista Corporation 6043876 6477895 6889242 7303827 7718412 8132998 8547583 8962168 9376754 9791339 Bonneville Power 60763604 62418711 64025063 65449225 66873387 68297549 69721711 71145873 72570035 73994197 Administration, USDOE California 265507618 279143501 293112685 307091672 321070658 335049645 349028631 363007618 376986605 390965591 Independent System Operator Cleco Corporation 8810880 9260896 9717455 10174247 10631039 11087832 11544624 12001416 12458208 12915000 Dairyland Power 3300025 3497780 3689060 3872689 4056318 4239947 4423576 4607205 4790834 4974463 Cooperative Duke Energy 60991261 63799917 66822126 69860296 72898465 75936635 78974805 82012975 85051145 88089315 Carolinas, LLC Duke Energy Corp. 54759606 55941608 57737564 59522004 61306444 63090884 64875323 66659763 68444203 70228643 El Paso Electric 5162956 5802856 6347956 6887587 7427218 7966849 8506480 9046111 9585742 10125373 Company Empire District 3437288 3769500 4116969 4465422 4813876 5162330 5510783 5859237 6207690 6556144 Electric Company (the) Entergy 63837963 67894114 69489254 70907653 72326051 73744449 75162848 76581246 77999645 79418043 Corporation/Services (Entergy System) ERCOT 165233060 178712117 190185220 201242869 212300517 223358166 234415815 245473464 256531113 267588761

148

Table A-11 (cont.) Balancing Total Demand (MWh) in Year… Authority 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 FirstEnergy 39506621 41380090 43272156 45165422 47058687 48951953 50845219 52738484 54631750 56525015 Corporation Florida Power & 97209314 109533341 119889782 130278192 140666602 151055011 161443421 171831831 182220241 192608651 Light Company Hoosier Energy 8920031 9526707 10170144 10779156 11388168 11997180 12606193 13215205 13824217 14433229 REC, Inc. Idaho Power 9880690 10118779 10370670 10570803 10770935 10971068 11171201 11371334 11571466 11771599 Company Imperial Irrigation 1349851 1447238 1550377 1653927 1757478 1861028 1964578 2068128 2171679 2275229 District ISO New England 145854807 148215665 150085692 151838082 153590472 155342862 157095252 158847641 160600031 162352421 Inc. Kansas City Power 1257712 1301021 1316613 1330472 1344331 1358190 1372049 1385908 1399767 1413626 & Light Company Los Angeles 13792370 14444712 15175749 15908857 16641965 17375073 18108181 18841289 19574397 20307505 Department of Water and Power Louisville Gas & 28550329 29884798 31568772 33388956 35209140 37029324 38849508 40669692 42489876 44310060 Electric and Kentucky Utilities Michigan Electric 97560163 98189122 100481709 102793561 105105414 107417266 109729118 112040970 114352822 116664675 Power Coordinated Center MidAmerican 13280625 13668350 14269475 14911476 15553477 16195478 16837479 17479480 18121481 18763481 Energy Company Nebraska Public 9362830 10078613 10512925 10888103 11263280 11638457 12013634 12388812 12763989 13139166 Power District Nevada Power 11015453 12162739 13045344 14041671 15037998 16034326 17030653 18026980 19023307 20019634 Company New York 228383913 232734781 239099234 245530187 251961140 258392093 264823046 271253999 277684952 284115905 Independent System Operator, Inc. Northern Indiana 24476730 25733062 27057378 28384413 29711448 31038484 32365519 33692554 35019589 36346624 Public Service Company

149

Table A-11 (cont.) Balancing Total Demand (MWh) in Year… Authority 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Northern States 28212480 28599475 28870180 29129447 29388715 29647982 29907249 30166517 30425784 30685051 Power Company NorthWestern 7650622 7970059 8301401 8634727 8968052 9301378 9634704 9968030 10301356 10634682 Energy Oklahoma Gas & 14975699 15770307 16829785 17931553 19033321 20135089 21236857 22338625 23440393 24542161 Electric Company Omaha Public Power 6343657 7465335 7823128 8316881 8810634 9304388 9798141 10291894 10785647 11279401 District Otter Tail Power 17313101 18452954 19681463 20931079 22180696 23430313 24679929 25929546 27179163 28428779 Company PacifiCorp - East 23183968 24518583 25521252 26379650 27238047 28096445 28954843 29813240 30671638 31530035 PacifiCorp - West 12263806 12969788 13500178 13954251 14408324 14862398 15316471 15770544 16224618 16678691 PJM Interconnection 467293291 493545183 514258852 535040335 555821818 576603302 597384785 618166268 638947752 659729235 LLC Portland General 13174936 14068751 15058513 16055007 17051502 18047996 19044491 20040985 21037480 22033974 Electric Company Progress Energy 83581718 89451412 95912217 102374429 108836641 115298853 121761065 128223276 134685488 141147700 (Carolina Power & Light Company) Progress Energy 64007448 67169797 72248936 77341890 82434844 87527798 92620752 97713706 102806660 107899614 (Florida Power Corp.) Public Service 24993987 26274445 28624958 31021559 33418161 35814762 38211363 40607964 43004566 45401167 Company of Colorado Public Service 6176330 6503578 6884740 7260887 7637033 8013180 8389327 8765474 9141621 9517767 Company of New Mexico Public Service 29741052 31383160 32957485 34459386 35961286 37463187 38965088 40466988 41968889 43470790 Company of Oklahoma Puget Sound Energy, 25810072 26431343 27582334 28789461 29996588 31203715 32410842 33617969 34825096 36032222 Inc.

150

Table A-11 (cont.) Balancing Total Demand (MWh) in Year… Authority 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Sacramento 6073614 6119096 6190818 6267788 6344757 6421727 6498697 6575667 6652637 6729606 Municipal Utility District (& City of Redding Electric Utility) Salt River Project 13892298 15538781 17514135 19496928 21479720 23462513 25445305 27428098 29410890 31393682 Sierra Pacific 7048876 7238857 7571813 7885183 8198553 8511924 8825294 9138665 9452035 9765405 Resources South Carolina 13657639 14601179 15742502 16886373 18030244 19174115 20317987 21461858 22605729 23749600 Electric & Gas Southern Company 323334727 351494057 377060327 402750907 428441487 454132068 479822648 505513228 531203809 556894389 Southwestern Power 4394808 4771190 5171198 5569542 5967887 6366231 6764576 7162920 7561265 7959609 Administration (DOE) Southwestern Public 21854925 22456069 23521801 25374215 27226629 29079044 30931458 32783872 34636286 36488700 Service Company (Xcel) Sunflower Electric 3190799 3301817 3364982 3426233 3487484 3548735 3609986 3671238 3732489 3793740 Power Corporation Tennessee Valley 133925674 139006865 135333063 130226339 125119614 120012890 114906165 109799441 104692716 99585992 Authority Tucson Electric 6657064 7177024 7539420 7923875 8308330 8692786 9077241 9461696 9846152 10230607 Power Company Turlock Irrigation 1278706 1391989 1502169 1613901 1725632 1837364 1949096 2060827 2172559 2284290 District Upper Peninsula 491443 480102 480102 480102 480102 480102 480102 480102 480102 480102 Power Company Westar Energy 15089402 16222647 17633924 19062798 20491672 21920546 23349420 24778294 26207168 27636042 (KPL) Western Area Power 14076139 14586438 15378117 16265178 17152239 18039301 18926362 19813424 20700485 21587547 Admin - Upper Missouri-East (Upper Great Plains Region operat

151

Table A-11 (cont.) Balancing Total Demand (MWh) in Year… Authority 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Western Area Power 25848476 27605199 29364002 31111364 32858726 34606088 36353450 38100812 39848174 41595536 Administration - Colorado-Missouri Control Area (Rocky Mtn Re Western Area Power 3848895 4189802 4507158 4825102 5143047 5460991 5778936 6096880 6414825 6732769 Administration - Lower Colorado control area (Desert Southwe Western Area Power 404247 404247 404247 404247 404247 404247 404247 404247 404247 404247 Administration - Upper Missouri West (Upper Great Plains Regi Wisconsin Electric 23715735 24336904 24457872 24582551 24707230 24831909 24956588 25081267 25205946 25330625 Power Company Wisconsin Public 7883171 8115864 8403419 8690974 8978529 9266084 9553639 9841194 10128749 10416304 Service Corporation

152

Table A-12. Winter Nighttime Total Demand by Region Balancing Total Demand (MWh) in Year… Authority 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Allete (Minnesota 14354180 15959718 17422403 18879238 20336074 21792909 23249744 24706579 26163414 27620250 Power) Alliant Energy-East 9158716 9747738 10405073 11066128 11727182 12388237 13049291 13710346 14371400 15032455 Alliant Energy-West 12420870 13134500 13899156 14669445 15439734 16210022 16980311 17750600 18520888 19291177 Ameren (Illinois 27178889 28018057 29187973 30409842 31631712 32853581 34075451 35297320 36519189 37741059 Power Co. Control Area) Ameren Corporation 25418847 26185909 27309217 28437195 29565172 30693150 31821128 32949106 34077084 35205062 Control Area Arizona Public 13410549 15091113 17080322 19053287 21026252 22999216 24972181 26945146 28918111 30891075 Service Company Associated Electric 11224788 11926764 12517662 13102187 13686712 14271237 14855762 15440286 16024811 16609336 Cooperative, Inc. Avista Corporation 5398395 5786061 6153476 6523784 6894092 7264400 7634708 8005016 8375324 8745632 Bonneville Power 54934368 56430696 57882946 59170483 60458021 61745559 63033097 64320635 65608173 66895710 Administration, USDOE California 234834035 246894591 259249942 271613964 283977985 296342006 308706027 321070049 333434070 345798091 Independent System Operator Cleco Corporation 8034203 8444592 8860957 9277538 9694118 10110699 10527279 10943860 11360440 11777021 Dairyland Power 3017361 3198177 3373073 3540973 3708873 3876774 4044674 4212574 4380474 4548374 Cooperative Duke Energy 56412469 59010271 61805593 64615679 67425765 70235850 73045936 75856021 78666107 81476193 Carolinas, LLC Duke Energy Corp. 50156614 51238684 52883270 54517302 56151335 57785367 59419399 61053432 62687464 64321497 El Paso Electric 4674037 5253341 5746821 6235351 6723880 7212409 7700939 8189468 8677997 9166527 Company Empire District 3133371 3436210 3752957 4070601 4388245 4705889 5023534 5341178 5658822 5976466 Electric Company (the) Entergy 60028384 63842481 65342431 66676185 68009939 69343694 70677448 72011202 73344957 74678711 Corporation/Services (Entergy System) ERCOT 149617939 161823176 172212030 182224691 192237352 202250013 212262674 222275335 232287996 242300657

153

Table A-12 (cont.) Balancing Total Demand (MWh) in Year… Authority 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 FirstEnergy 36916552 38667196 40435217 42204359 43973502 45742644 47511786 49280929 51050071 52819213 Corporation Florida Power & 82915463 93420409 102264327 111135576 120006826 128878075 137749324 146620574 155491823 164363073 Light Company Hoosier Energy 8238165 8799854 9395653 9959337 10523021 11086705 11650389 12214073 12777757 13341441 REC, Inc. Idaho Power 8954771 9170549 9398835 9580214 9761592 9942970 10124349 10305727 10487105 10668483 Company Imperial Irrigation 1139145 1221330 1308370 1395756 1483143 1570529 1657916 1745302 1832689 1920075 District ISO New England 125714011 127748863 129360662 130871068 132381473 133891879 135402285 136912691 138423096 139933502 Inc. Kansas City Power 1183177 1223920 1238588 1251626 1264663 1277701 1290739 1303777 1316814 1329852 & Light Company Los Angeles 12041714 12611254 13249501 13889556 14529611 15169666 15809721 16449777 17089832 17729887 Department of Water and Power Louisville Gas & 26703907 27941979 29501783 31186745 32871707 34556669 36241631 37926593 39611555 41296517 Electric and Kentucky Utilities Michigan Electric 87848954 88415307 90479688 92561417 94643146 96724874 98806603 100888332 102970061 105051789 Power Coordinated Center MidAmerican 12062830 12413448 12957042 13537600 14118159 14698717 15279275 15859833 16440392 17020950 Energy Company Nebraska Public 8705008 9372778 9776171 10123612 10471053 10818494 11165935 11513376 11860816 12208257 Power District Nevada Power 10918217 12055375 12930189 13917721 14905254 15892786 16880318 17867850 18855383 19842915 Company New York 202099776 205949914 211581898 217272729 222963559 228654390 234345220 240036051 245726882 251417712 Independent System Operator, Inc.

154

Table A-12 (cont.) Balancing Total Demand (MWh) in Year… Authority 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Northern Indiana 23107708 24293771 25544016 26796828 28049640 29302452 30555265 31808077 33060889 34313701 Public Service Company Northern States 24790153 25130203 25368070 25595887 25823704 26051521 26279337 26507154 26734971 26962788 Power Company NorthWestern 6966791 7257676 7559402 7862934 8166467 8469999 8773532 9077064 9380596 9684129 Energy Oklahoma Gas & 13737406 14466311 15438184 16448850 17459517 18470183 19480850 20491516 21502182 22512849 Electric Company Omaha Public Power 5844833 6878311 7207968 7662896 8117824 8572752 9027680 9482608 9937535 10392463 District Otter Tail Power 16550295 17639927 18814308 20008867 21203426 22397986 23592545 24787104 25981663 27176223 Company PacifiCorp - East 20869135 22070494 22973051 23745741 24518430 25291120 26063810 26836500 27609189 28381879 PacifiCorp - West 11039311 11674803 12152235 12560971 12969707 13378443 13787179 14195914 14604650 15013386 PJM Interconnection 431034921 455262404 474388953 493578594 512768234 531957875 551147516 570337156 589526797 608716438 LLC Portland General 11303203 12070036 12919184 13774109 14629034 15483959 16338884 17193808 18048733 18903658 Electric Company Progress Energy 80935027 86642553 92928869 99217405 105505941 111794477 118083013 124371549 130660085 136948621 (Carolina Power & Light Company) Progress Energy 55426106 58153850 62549652 66956854 71364056 75771258 80178459 84585661 88992863 93400065 (Florida Power Corp.) Public Service 22563975 23719942 25841929 28005523 30169118 32332712 34496306 36659901 38823495 40987090 Company of Colorado Public Service 5768641 6074288 6430290 6781608 7132926 7484244 7835562 8186880 8538198 8889516 Company of New Mexico Public Service 27905715 29446091 30922940 32332226 33741511 35150796 36560082 37969367 39378652 40787938 Company of Oklahoma Puget Sound Energy, 22322601 22860083 23852503 24893297 25934092 26974886 28015680 29056474 30097268 31138062 Inc.

155

Table A-12 (cont.) Balancing Total Demand (MWh) in Year… Authority 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Sacramento 5378807 5419086 5482603 5550768 5618932 5687097 5755262 5823426 5891591 5959755 Municipal Utility District (& City of Redding Electric Utility) Salt River Project 13056037 14603409 16459855 18323291 20186727 22050163 23913600 25777036 27640472 29503909 Sierra Pacific 6617012 6795354 7107910 7402082 7696253 7990424 8284595 8578766 8872937 9167108 Resources South Carolina 12860722 13749208 14823935 15901062 16978189 18055315 19132442 20209569 21286696 22363823 Electric & Gas Southern Company 300549335 326718783 350482979 374363159 398243339 422123519 446003699 469883878 493764058 517644238 Southwestern Power 4169813 4527003 4906617 5284637 5662657 6040676 6418696 6796716 7174735 7552755 Administration (DOE) Southwestern Public 21042937 21621746 22647882 24431472 26215063 27998653 29782244 31565834 33349424 35133015 Service Company (Xcel) Sunflower Electric 2930419 3032378 3090388 3146641 3202894 3259147 3315399 3371652 3427905 3484158 Power Corporation Tennessee Valley 126743812 131552521 128075729 123242856 118409984 113577111 108744238 103911365 99078493 94245620 Authority Tucson Electric 6082468 6557549 6888665 7239937 7591208 7942480 8293752 8645023 8996295 9347566 Power Company Turlock Irrigation 1155763 1258155 1357741 1458730 1559719 1660708 1761697 1862686 1963675 2064664 District Upper Peninsula 440956 430780 430780 430780 430780 430780 430780 430780 430780 430780 Power Company Westar Energy 13794682 14830691 16120876 17427148 18733420 20039692 21345964 22652235 23958507 25264779 (KPL) Western Area Power 12624670 13082350 13792394 14587985 15383577 16179169 16974760 17770352 18565943 19361535 Admin - Upper Missouri-East (Upper Great Plains Region operat

156

Table A-12 (cont.) Balancing Total Demand (MWh) in Year… Authority 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Western Area Power 24369799 26026028 27684217 29331621 30979024 32626427 34273830 35921233 37568636 39216039 Administration - Colorado-Missouri Control Area (Rocky Mtn Re Western Area Power 3598758 3917510 4214241 4511523 4808804 5106086 5403367 5700649 5997930 6295212 Administration - Lower Colorado control area (Desert Southwe Western Area Power 376299 376299 376299 376299 376299 376299 376299 376299 376299 376299 Administration - Upper Missouri West (Upper Great Plains Regi Wisconsin Electric 21062084 21613748 21721181 21831909 21942637 22053365 22164093 22274822 22385550 22496278 Power Company Wisconsin Public 7090999 7300308 7558967 7817626 8076285 8334944 8593603 8852262 9110921 9369580 Service Corporation

157

Table A-13. Balancing Authority Geographic Midpoints Balancing Authority Midpoint Latitude Midpoint Longitude Allete (Minnesota Power) 47°1'57.09 92°41'48.30 Alliant Energy-East 43°12'29.69 90°39'14.74 Alliant Energy-West 41°40'40.44 92°26'28.32 Ameren (Illinois Power Co. Control 40°13'6.94 89°45'45.34 Area) Ameren Corporation Control Area 38°33'37.83 91°3'29.98 Arizona Public Service Company 33°49'51.93 112°6'9.94 Associated Electric Cooperative, 39°55'37.43 93°21'19.11 Inc. Avista Corporation 47°42'57.71 117°23'39.52 Bonneville Power Administration, 45°48'22.19 120°51'39.02 USDOE California Independent System 34°51'36.40 116°42'40.75 Operator Cleco Corporation 32°32'26.60 93°54'47.25 Dairyland Power Cooperative 43° 5'11.48 93°25'47.96 Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC 35°36'58.28 81°57'31.57 Duke Energy Corp. 39°19'13.91 84°8'58.75 El Paso Electric Company 31°55'9.59 105°28'12.97 Empire District Electric Company 37°11'47.60 93°44'23.96 (the) Entergy Corporation/Services 32°41'13.98 90°51'10.54 (Entergy System) ERCOT 29°57'58.51 99°28'15.00 FirstEnergy Corporation 41°14'31.65 81°11'30.69 Florida Power & Light Company 26°38'48.15 80°5'34.07 Hoosier Energy REC, Inc. 38°36'1.73 86°24'26.60 Idaho Power Company 43°36'2.96 113°54'53.62 Imperial Irrigation District 33°9'21.87 115°38'35.86 Indianapolis Power & Light 39°57'12.70 86°23'22.09 Company ISO New England Inc. 42°5'44.52 71°55'44.68 Kansas City Power & Light 38°37'53.16 95°7'21.49 Company Los Angeles Department of Water 35°17'1.95 119°16'21.40 and Power Louisville Gas & Electric and 37°41'14.08 85°25'1.40 Kentucky Utilities Michigan Electric Power 42°46'22.25 85°1'39.48 Coordinated Center MidAmerican Energy Company 41°28'2.45 94°23'4.40 Nebraska Public Power District 41°22'4.24 99°51'40.40 Nevada Power Company 36°41'9.38 115°24'29.54 New York Independent System 42°49'51.83 75°25'57.92 Operator, Inc. Northern Indiana Public Service 41°17'19.52 86°0'25.71 Company Northern States Power Company 45°11'12.55 93°4'46.29 NorthWestern Energy 46°56'41.98 109°34'56.28 Oklahoma Gas & Electric Company 36°0'47.21 97°6'7.48

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Table A-13 (cont.) Balancing Authority Midpoint Latitude Midpoint Longitude Omaha Public Power District 41°35'19.77 96°21'24.03 Otter Tail Power Company 45°30'34.73 96°10'57.12 PacifiCorp - East 41°22'2.32 111°42'15.34 PacifiCorp - West 42°7'35.76 122°21'29.01 PJM Interconnection LLC 40°25'22.94 79°33'52.68 Portland General Electric Company 45°3'56.99 122°41'6.32 Progress Energy (Carolina Power & 35°24'21.15 78°0'18.28 Light Company) Progress Energy (Florida Power 27°21'18.13 81°23'39.30 Corp.) Public Service Company of 38°0'46.35 103°56'55.92 Colorado Public Service Company of New 34°20'36.66 106°50'22.01 Mexico Public Service Company of 34°35'13.60 97°9'36.47 Oklahoma Puget Sound Energy, Inc. 48°6'12.55 121°26'31.39 Sacramento Municipal Utility 39°16'19.52 120°49'49.65 District (& City of Redding Electric Utility) Salt River Project 34°35'41.91 110°17'33.20 Sierra Pacific Resources 40°29'14.04 117°52'25.98 South Carolina Electric & Gas 33°29'3.85 81°29'25.04 Southern Company 33°15'5.34 85°9'53.56 Southwestern Power Administration 35°47'38.86 92°14'2.47 (DOE) Southwestern Public Service 34°47'27.04 102°23'34.18 Company (Xcel) Sunflower Electric Power 38°23'24.52 99°44'10.41 Corporation Tennessee Valley Authority 36°2'18.98 86°2'25.25 Tucson Electric Power Company 32°14'21.32 109°37'13.37 Turlock Irrigation District 37°15'13.56 120°14'19.48 Upper Peninsula Power Company 46°3'24.68 87°11'2.48 Westar Energy (KPL) 38°57'12.67 97°36'10.57 Western Area Power Admin - Upper 45°8'58.06 99°39'30.41 Missouri-East (Upper Great Plains Region operat Western Area Power Administration 40°51'37.59 106°22'40.26 - Colorado-Missouri Control Area (Rocky Mtn Re Western Area Power Administration 36°30'33.13 112°26'54.55 - Lower Colorado control area (Desert Southwe Western Area Power Administration 45°43'42.63 106°56'5.30 - Upper Missouri West (Upper Great Plains Regi Wisconsin Electric Power Company 43°3'44.27 89°1'48.84 Wisconsin Public Service 45°43'29.99 89°15'55.26 Corporation

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Table A-14. Generation Technology Costs Technology Overnight FOM VOM Heat Rate (MMBtu Cost ($2016/kW/yr) ($2016/MWh) Fuel Input per ($2016/kW) MWh of Power Generated) Wind $1,877 $39.70 $0 N/A Solar PV $2,534 $ 21.80 $0 N/A Other $4,985 $110.00 $4.20 13,500 Renewables Coal $4,620 $50.90 $5.00 8,960 Natural Gas $978 $11.00 $3.50 6,600 Combined Cycle * Data are per Energy Information Administration (2016) with costs being escalated 2.5% annually for inflation and valued in 2016 dollars considering a 5% discount rate.

160

Table A-15. Wind and Solar PV Capacity Factors by Region Region Wind Turbine Capacity Factor Solar PV Capacity Factor Summer Winter Summer Winter Allete (Minnesota Power) 0.141 0.141 0.510 0.222 Alliant Energy-East 0.141 0.141 0.479 0.247 Alliant Energy-West 0.246 0.246 0.518 0.260 Ameren (Illinois Power 0.246 0.246 0.490 0.175 Co. Control Area) Ameren Corporation 0.141 0.141 0.482 0.247 Control Area Arizona Public Service 0.061 0.061 0.611 0.386 Company Associated Electric 0.246 0.246 0.501 0.277 Cooperative, Inc. Avista Corporation 0.101 0.101 0.518 0.153 Bonneville Power 0.101 0.101 0.458 0.090 Administration, USDOE California Independent 0.141 0.141 0.649 0.236 System Operator Cleco Corporation 0.061 0.061 0.458 0.296 Dairyland Power 0.379 0.379 0.507 0.255 Cooperative Duke Energy Carolinas, 0.032 0.032 0.447 0.312 LLC Duke Energy Corp. 0.141 0.141 0.463 0.159 El Paso Electric 0.193 0.193 0.619 0.455 Company Empire District Electric 0.141 0.141 0.485 0.263 Company (the) Entergy 0.061 0.061 0.466 0.288 Corporation/Services (Entergy System) ERCOT 0.313 0.313 0.479 0.312 FirstEnergy Corporation 0.141 0.141 0.471 0.115 Florida Power & Light 0.101 0.101 0.389 0.348 Company Hoosier Energy REC, 0.061 0.061 0.501 0.227 Inc. Idaho Power Company 0.061 0.061 0.603 0.225 Imperial Irrigation 0.193 0.193 0.479 0.367 District ISO New England Inc. 0.141 0.141 0.460 0.244 Kansas City Power & 0.246 0.246 0.490 0.268 Light Company Los Angeles Department 0.061 0.061 0.488 0.345 of Water and Power Louisville Gas & Electric 0.061 0.061 0.474 0.230 and Kentucky Utilities Michigan Electric Power 0.141 0.141 0.468 0.167 Coordinated Center MidAmerican Energy 0.379 0.379 0.518 0.260 Company Nebraska Public Power 0.379 0.379 0.564 0.329 District

161

Table A-15 (cont.) Region Wind Turbine Capacity Factor Solar PV Capacity Factor Summer Winter Summer Winter Nevada Power Company 0.101 0.101 0.652 0.403 New York Independent 0.141 0.141 0.474 0.173 System Operator, Inc. Northern Indiana Public 0.246 0.246 0.471 0.145 Service Company Northern States Power 0.141 0.141 0.512 0.241 Company NorthWestern Energy 0.193 0.193 0.532 0.203 Oklahoma Gas & Electric 0.246 0.246 0.507 0.364 Company Omaha Public Power 0.313 0.313 0.532 0.255 District Otter Tail Power 0.246 0.246 0.499 0.216 Company PacifiCorp - East 0.193 0.193 0.592 0.211 PacifiCorp - West 0.141 0.141 0.586 0.132 PJM Interconnection 0.101 0.101 0.447 0.132 LLC Portland General Electric 0.061 0.061 0.452 0.096 Company Progress Energy 0.101 0.101 0.455 0.299 (Carolina Power & Light Company) Progress Energy (Florida 0.061 0.061 0.389 0.348 Power Corp.) Public Service Company 0.246 0.246 0.564 0.381 of Colorado Public Service Company 0.246 0.246 0.627 0.438 of New Mexico Public Service Company 0.193 0.193 0.507 0.364 of Oklahoma Puget Sound Energy, Inc. 0.004 0.004 0.477 0.079 Sacramento Municipal 0.141 0.141 0.641 0.195 Utility District (& City of Redding Electric Utility) Salt River Project 0.101 0.101 0.633 0.441 Sierra Pacific Resources 0.101 0.101 0.633 0.329 South Carolina Electric 0.061 0.061 0.452 0.301 & Gas Southern Company 0.061 0.061 0.430 0.268 Southwestern Power 0.141 0.141 0.479 0.288 Administration (DOE) Southwestern Public 0.458 0.458 0.575 0.414 Service Company (Xcel) Sunflower Electric Power 0.379 0.379 0.575 0.397 Corporation Tennessee Valley 0.061 0.061 0.479 0.249 Authority Tucson Electric Power 0.061 0.061 0.630 0.430 Company

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Table A-15 (cont.) Region Wind Turbine Capacity Factor Solar PV Capacity Factor Summer Winter Summer Winter Turlock Irrigation 0.032 0.032 0.570 0.260 District Upper Peninsula Power 0.141 0.141 0.496 0.184 Company Westar Energy (KPL) 0.379 0.379 0.518 0.307 Western Area Power 0.313 0.313 0.575 0.268 Admin - Upper Missouri- East (Upper Great Plains Region operat Western Area Power 0.379 0.379 0.545 0.362 Administration - Colorado-Missouri Control Area (Rocky Mtn Re Western Area Power 0.101 0.101 0.633 0.441 Administration - Lower Colorado control area (Desert Southwe Western Area Power 0.246 0.246 0.562 0.249 Administration - Upper Missouri West (Upper Great Plains Regi Wisconsin Electric Power 0.193 0.193 0.526 0.205 Company Wisconsin Public Service 0.101 0.101 0.488 0.214 Corporation

163

Table A-16. Fuel Costs ($2016) Average National Average National Coal Price Natural Gas Price Year ($/MMBtu) ($/MMBtu) 0 5.21 2.40 1 6.86 2.40 2 7.07 2.42 3 7.32 2.43 4 7.42 2.42 5 7.61 2.41 6 7.91 2.41 7 8.03 2.41 8 8.19 2.40 9 8.58 2.40 10 9.16 2.42 11 9.77 2.43 12 10.00 2.45 13 10.31 2.45 14 10.59 2.42 15 10.93 2.42

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Table A-17. Localized Natural Gas Price Adjustment Region Localized Price (Multiplier of National Average) Allete (Minnesota Power) 1.042 Alliant Energy-East 1.227 Alliant Energy-West 1.042 Ameren (Illinois Power Co. Control Area) 1.227 Ameren Corporation Control Area 1.042 Arizona Public Service Company 1.129 Associated Electric Cooperative, Inc. 1.042 Avista Corporation 1.129 Bonneville Power Administration, USDOE 1.026 California Independent System Operator 1.026 Cleco Corporation 0.896 Dairyland Power Cooperative 1.042 Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC 1.192 Duke Energy Corp. 1.227 El Paso Electric Company 0.896 Empire District Electric Company (the) 0.896 Entergy Corporation/Services (Entergy System) 0.896 ERCOT 0.896 FirstEnergy Corporation 1.042 Florida Power & Light Company 1.192 Hoosier Energy REC, Inc. 1.227 Idaho Power Company 1.129 Imperial Irrigation District 1.026 ISO New England Inc. 1.582 Kansas City Power & Light Company 1.042 Los Angeles Department of Water and Power 1.026 Louisville Gas & Electric and Kentucky Utilities 1.15 Michigan Electric Power Coordinated Center 1.227 MidAmerican Energy Company 1.042 Nebraska Public Power District 1.042 Nevada Power Company 1.129 New York Independent System Operator, Inc. 1.385 Northern Indiana Public Service Company 1.227 Northern States Power Company 1.042 NorthWestern Energy 1.129 Oklahoma Gas & Electric Company 0.896 Omaha Public Power District 1.042 Otter Tail Power Company 1.042 PacifiCorp - East 1.129 PacifiCorp - West 1.026 PJM Interconnection LLC 1.385 Portland General Electric Company 1.026 Progress Energy (Carolina Power & Light 1.192 Company) Progress Energy (Florida Power Corp.) 1.192 Public Service Company of Colorado 1.129 Public Service Company of New Mexico 1.129 Public Service Company of Oklahoma 0.896 Puget Sound Energy, Inc. 1.026

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Table A-17 (cont.) Region Localized Price Adjustment Relative to Average Sacramento Municipal Utility District (& City of 1.026 Redding Electric Utility) Salt River Project 1.129 Sierra Pacific Resources 1.129 South Carolina Electric & Gas 1.192 Southern Company 1.15 Southwestern Power Administration (DOE) 1.15 Southwestern Public Service Company (Xcel) 1.129 Sunflower Electric Power Corporation 1.042 Tennessee Valley Authority 1.15 Tucson Electric Power Company 1.129 Turlock Irrigation District 1.026 Upper Peninsula Power Company 1.227 Westar Energy (KPL) 1.042 Western Area Power Admin - Upper Missouri- 1.042 East (Upper Great Plains Region operat Western Area Power Administration - Colorado- 1.129 Missouri Control Area (Rocky Mtn Re Western Area Power Administration - Lower 1.129 Colorado control area (Desert Southwe Western Area Power Administration - Upper 1.129 Missouri West (Upper Great Plains Regi Wisconsin Electric Power Company 1.227 Wisconsin Public Service Corporation 1.227

Table A-18. Electric Transmission Costs Transmission Type Capital Cost FOM ($ per line per Losses ($/mile) year) Alternating Current $1,000,000 5% of initial capital cost 6%/100 miles (LVAC)* (assumed) Direct Current $1,100,000 5% of initial capital cost 0.75%/100 miles (HVDC)* (assumed) * Low voltage AC connections are modeled as having 2400 MW of instantaneous power transfer capacity, and high voltage DC connections are modeled as having 4800 MW of transfer capacity.

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Table A-19. Renewable Portfolio Standards for Scenario Analyses Region Renewable Notes Portfolio Standard Allete (Minnesota Power) 0.0% Used only MN RPS Alliant Energy-East Used only WI RPS, simplified to 6.1% 10% statewide Alliant Energy-West Used MN RPS, but only 25% because much territory in IA which 0.0% has met mandated capacity goal Ameren (Illinois Power Co. Control Area) 6.0% Used IL RPS Ameren Corporation Control Area 2.0% Used MO RPS Arizona Public Service Company 3.0% AZ RPS Associated Electric Cooperative, Inc. 2.0% Used MO RPS Avista Corporation Used 75% of WA RPS due to predominance of service territory in 0.0% Washington State Bonneville Power Administration, USDOE Used WA RPS (Territory in OR, ID, WA, MT - so WA considered 0.0% median) California Independent System Operator 21.3% Used CA RPS Cleco Corporation 0.0% No RPS in LA Dairyland Power Cooperative Used only WI RPS, simplified to 6.1% 10% statewide Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC 75% of NC RPS due to service area 0.0% location Duke Energy Corp. 50% Ohio RPS due to overlap in 0.5% service territory El Paso Electric Company NM RPS due to large buildout 9.9% already present in TX Empire District Electric Company (the) 2.0% Used MO RPS Entergy Corporation/Services (Entergy System) 0.0% Primarily in LA, AK, MS ERCOT 0.0% Use special criterion FirstEnergy Corporation 1.0% OH RPS Florida Power & Light Company 0.0% No FL RPS Hoosier Energy REC, Inc. 0.0% No IN RPS Idaho Power Company 0.0% No ID RPS Imperial Irrigation District 21.3% Used CA RPS ISO New England Inc. 13.1% Used MA RPS as proxy Kansas City Power & Light Company Apply both MO and KS RPS (50% 1.0% each) Los Angeles Department of Water and Power 21.3% Used CA RPS Louisville Gas & Electric and Kentucky Utilities 0.0% No KY RPS Michigan Electric Power Coordinated Center 0.0% MI RPS MidAmerican Energy Company IA Utilities meet RPS capacity 0.0% requirements, so no additional Nebraska Public Power District 0.0% No NE RPS Nevada Power Company 15.0% NV RPS New York Independent System Operator, Inc. 23.2% NY RPS Northern Indiana Public Service Company 0.0% No IN RPS Northern States Power Company 15.0% MN RPS, with Xcel provisions NorthWestern Energy 10.0% MT RPS Oklahoma Gas & Electric Company 0.0% No OK RPS Omaha Public Power District 0.0% No NE RPS

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Table A-19 (cont.) Region Renewable Notes Portfolio Standard Otter Tail Power Company 0.0% Use MN RPS; Dakota has goal PacifiCorp - East 0.0% No ID, WY, UT RPS PacifiCorp - West 5.0% OR RPS, large utility PJM Interconnection LLC 7.5% Use MD RPS as proxy Portland General Electric Company 0.0% OR RPS, mid-utility Progress Energy (Carolina Power & Light 75% of NC RPS due to service Company) 0.0% territory Progress Energy (Florida Power Corp.) 0.0% No FL RPS Public Service Company of Colorado 3.0% CO RPS, Tier II Public Service Company of New Mexico 9.9% NM RPS Public Service Company of Oklahoma 0.0% No OK RPS Puget Sound Energy, Inc. 0.0% Used WA RPS Sacramento Municipal Utility District (& City of Redding Electric Utility) 21.3% Used CA RPS Salt River Project 3.0% AZ RPS Sierra Pacific Resources 15.0% NV RPS South Carolina Electric & Gas 0.0% No SC RPS Southern Company 0.0% No RPS in service territory Southwestern Power Administration (DOE) No RPS in majority of service 0.0% territory (AR, OK, LA) Southwestern Public Service Company (Xcel) 2.5% 25% NM RPS per service territory Sunflower Electric Power Corporation 0.0% KS RPS - special condition Tennessee Valley Authority 0.0% No TN RPS, only TVA goal Tucson Electric Power Company 3.0% AZ RPS Turlock Irrigation District 21.3% Used CA RPS Upper Peninsula Power Company 0.0% MI RPS Westar Energy (KPL) 0.0% KS RPS - special condition Western Area Power Admin - Upper Missouri- East (Upper Great Plains Region operat 3.3% 33& MT RPS based on service area Western Area Power Administration - Colorado- Missouri Control Area (Rocky Mtn Re 12.0% CO RPS, Tier 1 Western Area Power Administration - Lower Colorado control area (Desert Southwe 4.7% 75% AZ; 25% NM RPS Western Area Power Administration - Upper Missouri West (Upper Great Plains Regi 10.0% MT RPS Wisconsin Electric Power Company Used only WI RPS, simplified to 6.1% 10% statewide Wisconsin Public Service Corporation Used only WI RPS, simplified to 6.1% 10% statewide

168

Appendix 3 – Model Text

model "Solar Penetration" uses "mmodbc", "mmxprs" declarations

! Indices REGIONS = 1..67 ! Regions examined YEARS = 0..15 ! Units of time (0 accounts for pre-conditions; two year increments) GENTECHS = 1..5 ! Generating technologies SEASONS = 1..2 ! Number of seasons (summer and winter) TOD = 1..2 ! Time of day (day and night)

! Inputs - Demands ! Total electricity demand each year in each region TOTDMND: array(YEARS, SEASONS, TOD, REGIONS) of real ! Peak electricity demand each year in each region PEAKDMND: array(YEARS, SEASONS, TOD, REGIONS) of real

! Inputs - Installed Capacity and Costs (Defined pre-existing arrays to read data from Excel tables for initial model years. These variables are not used in the optimization. Data is instead transferred to the initial years in the input and decision variables defined later

! Preexisting capacity of given generating techs PRECAP: array(REGIONS, GENTECHS) of real PRECAP2: array(REGIONS, GENTECHS) of real ! not used ! Preexisting interregional AC transmission capacity PRELVAC: array(REGIONS, REGIONS) of real ! Preexisting interregional DC transmission capacity PREHVDC: array(REGIONS, REGIONS) of real ! Proximity – notes if regional connections can be constructed within workable timeframe (set for two years) PROXIMITY: array(REGIONS, REGIONS) of real ! Capital cost of interregional AC transmission installation PRELVACCOST: array(REGIONS, REGIONS) of real ! Capital cost of interregional DC transmission installation PREHVDCCOST: array(REGIONS, REGIONS) of real ! Transmission FOM - 5% capital (no VOM) PRETRANFOM: array(REGIONS, REGIONS) of real

! Inputs – Costs ! Capital cost of generation technologies CAPCOST: array(YEARS, REGIONS, GENTECHS) of real

169

! Capital cost of interregional DC transmission installation HVDCCOST: array(YEARS, REGIONS, REGIONS) of real ! Capital cost of interregional AC transmission installation LVACCOST: array(YEARS, REGIONS, REGIONS) of real ! Variable O&M cost for given technologies by year VOM: array(YEARS, REGIONS, GENTECHS) of real ! Fixed O&M cost for given technologies by year FOM: array(YEARS, REGIONS, GENTECHS) of real ! Fuel costs by year FUELCOST: array(YEARS, REGIONS, GENTECHS) of real ! Transmission FOM - 5% capital (no VOM) TRANFOM: array(YEARS, REGIONS, REGIONS) of real ! Required reserve margin in each region RESMARGIN: array(REGIONS) of real

! Inputs - Other ! Capacity factor of each technology by region and year CAPFACT: array(SEASONS, TOD, REGIONS, GENTECHS) of real CAPFACT2: array(SEASONS, TOD, REGIONS, GENTECHS) of real ! not used ! AC transmission loss factor between regions ACLOSS: array(REGIONS, REGIONS) of real ! DC transmission loss factor between regions DCLOSS: array(REGIONS, REGIONS) of real ! Percentage of energy required to be obtained from renewable resources in each region, inclusive of technology specific RPS – wind (W), solar (S), and other renewables (O) RPS: array(YEARS, REGIONS) of real WRPS: array(YEARS, REGIONS) of real SRPS: array(YEARS, REGIONS) of real ORPS: array(YEARS, REGIONS) of real

! Decision Variables ! Generation in each region in each year GENERATED: array(YEARS, SEASONS, TOD, REGIONS, GENTECHS) of mpvar ! Generation from each tech used in each region in each year GENUSED: array(YEARS, SEASONS, TOD, REGIONS, GENTECHS) of mpvar ! Generation from each tech transferred via AC between regions in each year TRANSGENAC: array(YEARS, SEASONS, TOD, REGIONS, REGIONS, GENTECHS) of mpvar ! Generation from each tech transferred via DC between regions in each year TRANSGENDC: array(YEARS, SEASONS, TOD, REGIONS, REGIONS, GENTECHS) of mpvar

170

! Generation reserved for spinning reserve from each tech and transferred via AC between regions in each year TRANSRSVAC: array(YEARS, SEASONS, TOD, REGIONS, REGIONS, GENTECHS) of mpvar ! Spinning reserve from each tech in each region in each year SPINRESV: array(YEARS, SEASONS, TOD, REGIONS, GENTECHS) of mpvar ! New generating capacity of type "g" installed in given year and region NEWCAPACITY: array(YEARS, REGIONS, GENTECHS) of mpvar ! Existing capacity of given generating tech in a specified region and year EXISTCAP: array(YEARS, REGIONS, GENTECHS) of mpvar ! New interregional DC transmission capacity installed each year NEWHVDC: array(YEARS, REGIONS, REGIONS) of mpvar ! Existing interregional DC transmission capacity HVDC: array(YEARS, REGIONS, REGIONS) of mpvar ! New interregional AC transmission capacity installed each year NEWLVAC: array(YEARS, REGIONS, REGIONS) of mpvar ! Existing interregional AC transmission capacity LVAC: array(YEARS, REGIONS, REGIONS) of mpvar end-declarations

! Read data into model from spreadsheet files initializations from 'mmodbc.excel:costs4.xls' [PRELVAC, PREHVDC, ACLOSS, DCLOSS, PROXIMITY] as "[Transmission$a2:g4490]"

[PRELVACCOST, PREHVDCCOST, PRETRANFOM] as "[Transcost$a2:e4490]"

[PEAKDMND, TOTDMND] as "[Demand$a2:f4289]"

[CAPCOST, VOM, FOM, FUELCOST] as "[Gencost$a2:g5361]"

[CAPFACT, CAPFACT2] as "[Capfact$a2:f1341]"

[PRECAP, PRECAP2] as "[Capacity$a4:d338]"

[RPS, WRPS, SRPS, ORPS] as "[RPS$a2:f1073]" end-initializations

! Set generation and transmission capacity starting values based on initializations (Equations 4.45 – 4.48 for initial values of transmission and generation capacity) forall(y in 0..1, r in REGIONS, g in 1..4) EXISTCAP(y,r,g) = PRECAP(r,g) forall(y in 0..3, r in REGIONS) EXISTCAP(y,r,5) = PRECAP(r,5) forall(y in 0..2, r in REGIONS, e in REGIONS) LVAC(y,r,e) = PRELVAC(r,e)

171

forall(y in 0..2, r in REGIONS, e in REGIONS) HVDC(y,r,e) = PREHVDC(r,e) forall(r in REGIONS, e in REGIONS) LVACCOST(0,r,e):= PRELVACCOST(r,e) forall(r in REGIONS, e in REGIONS) HVDCCOST(0,r,e):= PREHVDCCOST(r,e) forall(r in REGIONS, e in REGIONS) TRANFOM(0,r,e):= PRETRANFOM(r,e)

! Initialize arrays and variables Maxyear:=15

! Assume 10% reserve margin but leave flexibility to adjust for region-specific values in future forall(r in REGIONS) RESMARGIN(r):=1.1

! Set Scenario ! Development and Construction Time Constime_Coal:= 3 Constime:= 1 Constime_Trans:=2

! Renewable portfolio standard constraint – generation in each region must meet regulatory requirements (renewable energy listed first in gentechs for ease of programming) (Equation 4.46) forall(y in 3..Maxyear, r in REGIONS) sum(s in SEASONS, t in TOD, g in 1..3) GENUSED(y,s,t,r,g) + sum(s in SEASONS, t in TOD, e in REGIONS, g in 1..3) (TRANSGENAC(y,s,t,e,r,g)*ACLOSS(e,r)+TRANSGENDC(y,s,t,e,r,g)*DCLOS S(e,r)) >= sum(s in SEASONS, t in TOD) RPS(y,r)*TOTDMND(y,s,t,r)

forall(y in 3..Maxyear, r in REGIONS) sum(s in SEASONS, t in TOD) GENUSED(y,s,t,r,1) + sum(s in SEASONS, t in TOD, e in REGIONS) (TRANSGENAC(y,s,t,e,r,1)*ACLOSS(e,r)+TRANSGENDC(y,s,t,e,r,1)* DCLOSS(e,r)) >= sum(s in SEASONS, t in TOD) SRPS(y,r)*TOTDMND(y,s,t,r)

forall(y in 3..Maxyear, r in REGIONS) sum(s in SEASONS, t in TOD) GENUSED(y,s,t,r,2) + sum(s in SEASONS, t in TOD, e in REGIONS) (TRANSGENAC(y,s,t,e,r,2)*ACLOSS(e,r)+TRANSGENDC(y,s,t,e,r,2)* DCLOSS(e,r)) >= sum(s in SEASONS, t in TOD) WRPS(y,r)*TOTDMND(y,s,t,r)

forall(y in 3..Maxyear, r in REGIONS) sum(s in SEASONS, t in TOD) GENUSED(y,s,t,r,3) + sum(s in SEASONS, t in TOD, e in REGIONS) (TRANSGENAC(y,s,t,e,r,3)* ACLOSS(e,r)+TRANSGENDC(y,s,t,e,r,3)* DCLOSS(e,r)) >= sum(s in SEASONS, t in TOD) ORPS(y,r)*TOTDMND(y,s,t,r)

! ERCOT (Texas region) RPS – Region requires capacity rather than usage. Equation not delineated in text writeup. sum(g in 1..3) EXISTCAP(3,18,g) >= 5880

172

! Ensure that no new long-distance AC transmission constructed and that intra-regional transmission not constructed ! Equations 4.6-4.7 forall(r in REGIONS, e in REGIONS) do if PROXIMITY(r,e) = 0 then forall(y in 1..Maxyear) do NEWLVAC(y,r,e)=0 NEWHVDC(y,r,e)=0 end-do end-if

! Equations 4.8-4.14 if r = e then forall(y in 1..Maxyear) do LVAC(y,r,e)=0 HVDC(y,r,e)=0 NEWLVAC(y,r,e)=0 NEWHVDC(y,r,e)=0 forall(s in SEASONS, t in TOD, g in GENTECHS) do TRANSGENAC(y,s,t,r,e,g)=0 TRANSGENDC(y,s,t,r,e,g)=0 TRANSRSVAC(y,s,t,r,e,g)=0 end-do end-do end-if end-do

! Set annual inflationary factors – use 2.5% assumption and note 5% discount rate (double multiplication to account for two year time increments) forall(y in 1..Maxyear, r in REGIONS, e in REGIONS) do LVACCOST(y,r,e):=LVACCOST(y-1,r,e)*1.025/1.05*1.025/1.05 HVDCCOST(y,r,e):=HVDCCOST(y-1,r,e)*1.025/1.05*1.025/1.05 TRANFOM(y,r,e):=TRANFOM(y-1,r,e)*1.025/1.05*1.025/1.05 end-do

forall(y in 1..Maxyear, r in REGIONS, g in GENTECHS) do CAPCOST(y,r,g):=CAPCOST(y-1,r,g)*1.025/1.05*1.025/1.05 VOM(y,r,g):=VOM(y-1,r,g)*1.025/1.05*1.025/1.05 FOM(y,r,g):=FOM(y-1,r,g)*1.025/1.05*1.025/1.05 FUELCOST(y,r,g):= FUELCOST(y-1,r,g)*1.025/1.05*1.025/1.05 end-do

! Define Objective Functions: minimize total generation cost (Equations 4.1-4.5) GENCAPCOST:=sum(y in 1..Maxyear, r in REGIONS, g in GENTECHS) (EXISTCAP(y,r,g)*FOM(y,r,g) + NEWCAPACITY(y,r,g)*CAPCOST(y,r,g))

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GENCOST:=sum(y in 1..Maxyear, s in SEASONS, t in TOD, r in REGIONS, g in GENTECHS) ((GENERATED(y,s,t,r,g)+SPINRESV(y,s,t,r,g)+sum(e in REGIONS) (TRANSRSVAC(y,s,t,r,e,g))*(FUELCOST(y,r,g) + VOM(y,r,g)))

TRANCOST1:=sum(y in 1..Maxyear, r in REGIONS, e in REGIONS) 0.5*(NEWHVDC(y,r,e)*HVDCCOST(y,r,e)+HVDC(y,r,e)*TRANFOM(y,r,e))

TRANCOST2:=sum(y in 1..Maxyear, r in REGIONS, e in REGIONS) 0.5*(NEWLVAC(y,r,e)*LVACCOST(y,r,e)+LVAC(y,r,e)*TRANFOM(y,r,e))

TCost:= GENCAPCOST + GENCOST + TRANCOST1 + TRANCOST2

! Energy generated must be used or exported (Equation 4.15) forall(y in 1..Maxyear, s in SEASONS, t in TOD, r in REGIONS, g in GENTECHS) GENUSED(y,s,t,r,g) + sum(e in REGIONS)(TRANSGENAC(y,s,t,r,e,g) + TRANSGENDC(y,s,t,r,e,g)) = GENERATED(y,s,t,r,g)

! Demand constraint – energy generated and used plus imports must equal demand (Equation 4.16) forall(y in 1..Maxyear, s in SEASONS, t in TOD, r in REGIONS) sum(g in GENTECHS) GENUSED(y,s,t,r,g) + sum(e in REGIONS, g in GENTECHS)(TRANSGENAC(y,s,t,e,r,g)*ACLOSS(e,r) + TRANSGENDC(y,s,t,e,r,g)*DCLOSS(e,r)) = TOTDMND(y,s,t,r)

! Define spinning reserve – reserve cannot be renewable energy and must be at least 5% of local demand; requirement started in Year 5 to allow regions to ‘catch-up’ (Equations 4.17-4.19)

forall(y in 5..Maxyear, s in SEASONS, t in TOD, r in REGIONS) sum(g in 3..5)SPINRESV(y,s,t,r,g) + sum(e in REGIONS, g in 3..5)ACLOSS(e,r)*TRANSRSVAC(y,s,t,e,r,g)>= 0.05* TOTDMND(y,s,t,r)

forall(y in 1..Maxyear, s in SEASONS, t in TOD, r in REGIONS, e in REGIONS, g in 1..2) TRANSRSVAC(y,s,t,r,e,g) = 0

forall(y in 1..Maxyear, s in SEASONS, t in TOD, r in REGIONS, g in 1..2) SPINRESV(y,s,t,r,g) = 0

! Ensure that regional generation doesn’t exceed installed capacity (4380 multiplier splits generation over the four biannual segments (Equation 4.20) forall(y in 1..Maxyear, s in SEASONS, t in TOD, r in REGIONS, g in GENTECHS) 4380* CAPFACT(s,t,r,g)*EXISTCAP(y,r,g) >= (GENERATED(y,s,t,r,g) + SPINRESV(y,s,t,r,g)+sum(e in REGIONS) TRANSRSVAC(y,s,t,r,e,g))

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! Ensure peak demand can be met (delay constraint to allow regions to “catch-up” to reserve margin requirement) (Equation 4.21)

forall(y in 5..Maxyear, s in SEASONS, t in TOD, r in REGIONS) sum(g in GENTECHS) (CAPFACT(s,t,r,g)*EXISTCAP(y,r,g)) + sum(e in REGIONS) (LVAC(y,e,r)*ACLOSS(e,r) +HVDC(y,e,r)*DCLOSS(e,r)) >=PEAKDMND(y,s,t,r)* RESMARGIN(r)

! Implement regional transmission capacity constraint - remember, no DC transmission for spinning reserve (Equations 4.22-4.23)

forall(y in 1..Maxyear, s in SEASONS, t in TOD, r in REGIONS, e in REGIONS | r > e) sum(g in GENTECHS) (TRANSGENAC(y,s,t,r,e,g)+TRANSGENAC(y,s,t,e,r,g) + TRANSRSVAC(y,s,t,r,e,g) + TRANSRSVAC(y,s,t,e,r,g)) <= 4380*LVAC(y,r,e)

forall(y in 1..Maxyear, s in SEASONS, t in TOD, r in REGIONS, e in REGIONS | r > e) sum(g in GENTECHS) (TRANSGENDC(y,s,t,r,e,g)+TRANSGENDC(y,s,t,e,r,g)) <= 4380*HVDC(y,r,e)

! Flow constraint – Transmission and generation capacity in year y are functions of new installation and previous periods (Equations 4.24-4.29)

forall(y in (1+Constime_Trans)..Maxyear, r in REGIONS, e in REGIONS) do HVDC(y,r,e) = NEWHVDC(y-Constime_Trans,r,e) + HVDC(y-1,r,e) LVAC(y,r,e) = NEWLVAC(y- Constime_Trans,r,e) + LVAC(y-1,r,e) NEWHVDC(y,r,e) = NEWHVDC (y,e,r) NEWLVAC (y,r,e) = NEWLVAC (y,e,r) end-do

forall(y in (1+Constime)..Maxyear, g in 1..4, r in REGIONS) EXISTCAP(y,r,g) = NEWCAPACITY(y-Constime,r,g) + EXISTCAP(y-1,r,g)

forall(y in (1+Constime_Coal)..Maxyear, r in REGIONS) EXISTCAP(y,r,5) = NEWCAPACITY(y- Constime_Coal,r,5) + EXISTCAP(y-1,r,5)

! Construction limitations - number of annual segments, number of regional interconnections (Equations 4.30-4.33) forall(y in 1..Maxyear) sum(r in REGIONS, e in REGIONS) NEWHVDC(y,r,e) <= 10000 forall(y in 1..Maxyear) sum(r in REGIONS, e in REGIONS) NEWLVAC(y,r,e) <= 10000 forall(r in REGIONS, e in REGIONS|r>e ) sum(y in 1..Maxyear) NEWLVAC(y,r,e) <= 2*PRELVAC(r,e) forall(y in 1..Maxyear, r in REGIONS) sum(g in GENTECHS) NEWCAPACITY(y,r,g) <= 3000

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! Potential additional limitations. Currently not included in model ! Limit total transmission allowed in one region to limit single-point-of failure concerns ! forall(r in REGIONS) sum(y in 1..Maxyear, e in REGIONS|r>e) NEWHVDC(y,r,e) <= 10000

! Limit total transmission that can be built in each year between specific regions to ensure delivery of service to lower load areas !forall(y in 1..Maxyear, r in REGIONS) sum(e in REGIONS|r>e) NEWHVDC(y,r,e) <= 5000

! Non-zero constraints (Equations 4.34-4.41) forall(y in 1..Maxyear, s in SEASONS, t in TOD, r in REGIONS, g in GENTECHS) do GENUSED(y,s,t,r,g) >= 0 SPINRESV(y,s,t,r,g) >= 0 GENERATED(y,s,t,r,g) >= 0

forall(e in REGIONS) do TRANSGENAC(y,s,t,r,e,g) >=0 TRANSGENDC(y,s,t,r,e,g) >=0 TRANSRSVAC(y,s,t,r,e,g) >=0 end-do end-do

forall(y in 1..Maxyear, r in REGIONS, g in GENTECHS) NEWCAPACITY(y,r,g) >= 0

forall(y in 1..Maxyear, r in REGIONS, e in REGIONS) do NEWHVDC(y,r,e) >=0 NEWLVAC(y,r,e) >=0 end-do

! No build in Year 0 (Equations 4.42-4.44) forall(r in REGIONS, e in REGIONS) do NEWHVDC(0,r,e)=0 NEWLVAC(0,r,e)=0 end-do

forall(r in REGIONS, g in GENTECHS) NEWCAPACITY(0,r,g)=0

! Solve the problem minimize(TCost)

! Solution printing writeln("Total Cost: $", getobjval,"\n")

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writeln("Total Generation: ", sum(y in 1..Maxyear, s in SEASONS, t in TOD, r in REGIONS)TOTDMND(y,s,t,r),"\n") writeln("Average Power Cost: ", getobjval/sum(y in 1..Maxyear, s in SEASONS, t in TOD, r in REGIONS)TOTDMND(y,s,t,r),"\n") writeln("\n","ANNUAL GENERATION CAPACITY INSTALLED","\n") writeln(strfmt("YEAR",-5),strfmt("REGION",-8), strfmt("TECH",-5), strfmt("CAPACITY (MW)",-14)) forall(y in YEARS,r in REGIONS, g in GENTECHS) do if getsol(NEWCAPACITY(y,r,g))>0 then writeln(strfmt(y,-5),strfmt(r,-8), strfmt(g, -5), strfmt(getsol(NEWCAPACITY(y,r,g)), -14)) end-if end-do writeln("\n","ANNUAL LVAC TRANSMISSION INSTALLED","\n") writeln(strfmt("YEAR",-5),strfmt("REGION",-8), strfmt("REGION",-8), strfmt("CAPACITY (MW)",-14)) forall(y in YEARS,r in REGIONS, e in REGIONS) do if getsol(NEWLVAC(y,r,e))>0 then writeln(strfmt(y,-5),strfmt(r,-8), strfmt(e, -5), strfmt(getsol(NEWLVAC(y,r,e)), -14)) end-if end-do writeln("\n","ANNUAL HVDC TRANSMISSION INSTALLED","\n") writeln(strfmt("YEAR",-5),strfmt("REGION",-8), strfmt("REGION",-8), strfmt("CAPACITY (MW)",-14)) forall(y in YEARS,r in REGIONS, e in REGIONS) do if getsol(NEWHVDC(y,r,e))>0 then writeln(strfmt(y,-5),strfmt(r,-8), strfmt(e, -5), strfmt(getsol(NEWHVDC(y,r,e)), -14)) end-if end-do writeln("\n","ANNUAL USAGE","\n") writeln(strfmt("YEAR",-5),strfmt("REGION",-8), strfmt("DEMAND",-14), strfmt("DC_in",-14), strfmt("DC_out",-14), strfmt("GENUSED",-14), strfmt("AC_in",-14), strfmt("AC_out",-14)) forall(y in 1..Maxyear, r in REGIONS) do TDI:=sum(s in SEASONS, t in TOD, e in REGIONS, g in GENTECHS) TRANSGENDC(y,s,t,e,r,g) TDO:=sum(s in SEASONS, t in TOD, e in REGIONS, g in GENTECHS) TRANSGENDC(y,s,t,r,e,g) TAI:=sum(s in SEASONS, t in TOD, e in REGIONS, g in GENTECHS) TRANSGENAC(y,s,t,e,r,g)

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TAO:=sum(s in SEASONS, t in TOD, e in REGIONS, g in GENTECHS) TRANSGENAC(y,s,t,r,e,g) DMD:=sum(s in SEASONS, t in TOD) TOTDMND(y,s,t,r) USD:=sum(s in SEASONS, t in TOD, g in GENTECHS) GENUSED(y,s,t,r,g) writeln(strfmt(y,-5),strfmt(r,-8), strfmt(getsol(DMD), -14), strfmt(getsol(TDI),- 14), strfmt(getsol(TDO),-14), strfmt(getsol(USD), -14), strfmt(getsol(TAI), -14), strfmt(getsol(TAO), -14)) end-do

writeln("\n","RENEWABLE ENERGY USAGE","\n") writeln(strfmt("YEAR",-5),strfmt("REGION",-8), strfmt("% RE",-14), strfmt("% Solar",-14)) forall(y in 1..Maxyear, r in REGIONS) do TDI:=sum(s in SEASONS, t in TOD, e in REGIONS, g in 1..3) DCLOSS(e,r)*TRANSGENDC(y,s,t,e,r,g) TAI:=sum(s in SEASONS, t in TOD, e in REGIONS, g in 1..3) ACLOSS(e,r)*TRANSGENAC(y,s,t,e,r,g) TDSI:=sum(s in SEASONS, t in TOD, e in REGIONS) DCLOSS(e,r)*TRANSGENDC(y,s,t,e,r,1) TASI:=sum(s in SEASONS, t in TOD, e in REGIONS) ACLOSS(e,r)*TRANSGENAC(y,s,t,e,r,1) DMD:=sum(s in SEASONS, t in TOD) TOTDMND(y,s,t,r) USD:=sum(s in SEASONS, t in TOD, g in 1..3) GENUSED(y,s,t,r,g) SUSD:=sum(s in SEASONS, t in TOD) GENUSED(y,s,t,r,1) TUSED:=USD+TDI+TAI TSUSED:=SUSD+TDSI+TASI writeln(strfmt(y,-5),strfmt(r,-8), strfmt(getsol(TUSED)/getsol(DMD),-14), strfmt(getsol(TSUSED)/getsol(DMD),-14)) end-do end-model

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Appendix 4 – Model Outputs

This appendix contains the outputs from the XPRESS-IVE ® optimization software for each Scenario, placed in a format consistent with the remainder of this document. The outputs include the total cost to operate the U.S. electric power system over the next 30 years (the objective function); the total electric power generation and average wholesale power cost; expected generation and transmission capacity additions (the primary decision variables); an annual summary of power generated, transmitted, and used in each region; and an annual summary of renewable energy usage in each region. Chapter 5 contains summarized results.

Scenario 1

The objective function and summary outputs are as follows:

• Total Cost: $7.70e+012

• Total Generation: 2.59e+011 MWh

• Average Power Cost: $29.6757/MWh

Several tables contain the remaining outputs. Table A-20 lists the generation capacity installed annually in each region, while Tables A-21 and A-22 list the AC and DC transmission capacities installed between regions each year, respectively. Table A-23 illustrates the amount of generation, usage, import, and export in each region in each year, and Table A-24 shows the annual renewable energy and solar-specific usage as a percentage of total usage in each region.

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Table A-20. Annual New Generation Capacity Installed (Scenario 1) YEAR REGION TECHNOLOGY CAPACITY (MW) 1 9 4 3000 1 10 4 3000 1 12 2 3000 1 18 4 3000 1 19 4 3000 1 20 4 3000 1 22 4 849 1 24 5 3000 1 30 2 611 1 42 4 461 1 48 4 2466 1 49 4 317 1 53 4 3000 1 55 2 3000 1 56 2 814 1 59 4 88 1 61 2 3000 1 63 2 3000 2 9 4 3000 2 10 4 3000 2 12 2 3000 2 18 4 3000 2 19 4 3000 2 20 4 3000 2 22 4 247 2 49 4 31 2 53 4 3000 2 55 2 3000 2 59 4 37 2 63 2 3000 3 9 4 2787 3 10 4 3000 3 18 4 3000 3 19 4 3000 3 20 4 3000 3 22 4 104 3 53 4 3000 3 55 2 3000 3 59 4 37 3 63 2 3000 4 9 4 725 4 10 4 3000 4 15 4 363 4 18 4 3000 4 19 4 3000 4 20 4 3000 4 22 4 161 4 23 4 2663 4 24 4 1288 4 26 4 2094 4 32 4 692

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Table A-20 (cont’d) YEAR REGION TECHNOLOGY CAPACITY (MW) 4 42 4 89 4 43 4 1241 4 48 4 496 4 53 4 3000 4 55 2 3000 4 57 4 219 4 59 4 67 4 63 2 3000 4 64 4 438 5 10 4 3000 5 15 4 141 5 18 4 3000 5 19 4 3000 5 20 4 3000 5 22 4 46 5 23 4 1325 5 24 4 1888 5 26 4 2094 5 31 4 481 5 32 4 3000 5 40 4 57 5 42 4 306 5 43 4 2744 5 53 4 3000 5 55 2 3000 5 57 4 3000 5 59 4 250 5 63 2 1458 5 64 4 371 6 6 4 137 6 10 4 3000 6 18 4 3000 6 19 4 3000 6 20 4 3000 6 22 4 46 6 23 4 380 6 24 4 1888 6 26 4 2659 6 31 4 474 6 32 4 3000 6 40 4 109 6 42 4 267 6 43 4 2995 6 44 4 1736 6 50 4 1629 6 53 4 3000 6 55 2 3000 6 57 4 3000 6 59 4 76 6 64 4 80

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Table A-20 (cont’d) YEAR REGION TECHNOLOGY CAPACITY (MW) 7 6 4 1649 7 8 4 63 7 10 4 3000 7 15 4 316 7 18 4 3000 7 19 4 3000 7 20 4 3000 7 22 4 46 7 23 4 93 7 24 4 1888 7 26 4 3000 7 31 4 654 7 32 4 3000 7 40 4 115 7 42 4 251 7 43 4 3000 7 44 4 2595 7 50 4 1105 7 53 4 3000 7 57 4 3000 7 59 4 76 7 62 4 594 7 64 4 80 8 6 4 913 8 8 4 141 8 10 4 3000 8 15 4 558 8 18 4 3000 8 19 4 3000 8 20 4 3000 8 22 4 46 8 23 4 93 8 24 4 1888 8 26 4 2895 8 31 4 759 8 32 4 3000 8 39 4 10 8 40 4 115 8 42 4 139 8 43 4 3000 8 44 4 2185 8 50 4 1105 8 53 4 3000 8 57 4 3000 8 59 4 76 8 62 4 281 8 64 4 80 9 6 4 1427 9 10 4 3000 9 13 4 436 9 15 4 360 9 16 4 72

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Table A-20 (cont’d) YEAR REGION TECHNOLOGY CAPACITY (MW) 9 17 4 1629 9 18 4 3000 9 19 4 3000 9 20 4 3000 9 22 4 46 9 23 4 93 9 24 4 1888 9 26 4 275 9 31 4 2648 9 32 4 3000 9 33 4 514 9 39 4 686 9 43 4 3000 9 44 4 2305 9 50 4 1105 9 52 4 684 9 53 4 3000 9 57 4 3000 9 59 4 230 9 62 4 17 9 64 4 716 10 6 4 984 10 10 4 3000 10 11 4 3000 10 13 4 2305 10 15 4 1186 10 16 4 91 10 17 4 2356 10 18 4 3000 10 19 4 3000 10 20 4 3000 10 22 4 33 10 23 4 93 10 24 4 2087 10 26 4 275 10 31 4 2558 10 32 4 3000 10 33 4 680 10 39 4 380 10 43 4 2724 10 44 4 1471 10 49 4 364 10 50 4 1105 10 52 4 3000 10 53 4 3000 10 57 4 3000 10 59 4 605 10 64 4 102 11 6 4 2271 11 10 4 3000 11 11 4 3000 11 13 4 3000

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Table A-20 (cont’d) YEAR REGION TECHNOLOGY CAPACITY (MW) 11 15 4 235 11 16 4 84 11 17 4 2229 11 18 4 3000 11 19 4 3000 11 20 4 3000 11 21 4 12 11 23 4 93 11 24 4 2087 11 26 4 275 11 27 4 2033 11 31 4 2177 11 32 4 3000 11 33 4 586 11 39 4 17 11 43 4 2519 11 44 4 1602 11 49 4 34 11 50 4 1369 11 52 4 1469 11 53 4 3000 11 57 4 3000 11 58 4 721 11 59 4 44 11 64 4 102 12 6 4 3000 12 10 4 3000 12 11 4 3000 12 13 4 3000 12 15 4 271 12 16 4 79 12 17 4 822 12 18 4 3000 12 19 4 3000 12 20 4 3000 12 21 4 680 12 23 4 93 12 24 4 2087 12 26 4 81 12 27 4 3000 12 31 4 1579 12 32 4 3000 12 33 4 586 12 43 4 341 12 44 4 3000 12 45 4 33 12 49 4 197 12 50 4 1723 12 52 4 1280 12 53 4 3000 12 57 4 3000 12 58 4 270

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Table A-20 (cont’d) YEAR REGION TECHNOLOGY CAPACITY (MW) 12 59 4 44 13 6 4 984 13 10 4 3000 13 11 4 3000 13 13 4 3000 13 14 4 515 13 15 4 872 13 18 4 3000 13 19 4 3000 13 20 4 3000 13 21 4 182 13 23 4 186 13 24 4 2087 13 27 4 3000 13 32 4 3000 13 33 4 806 13 41 4 3000 13 43 4 1517 13 44 4 2245 13 45 4 1677 13 50 4 2106 13 52 4 1022 13 53 4 3000 13 57 4 3000 13 58 4 540 13 59 4 89 14 10 4 3000 14 13 4 3000 14 14 4 580 14 18 4 3000 14 19 4 3000 14 20 4 3000 14 21 4 168 14 24 4 2432 14 27 4 3000 14 32 4 3000 14 41 4 3000 14 43 4 1862 14 44 4 2024 14 52 4 353 14 53 4 3000 14 57 4 3000

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Table A-21. Annual Low Voltage AC Transmission Capacity Installed (Scenario 1) YEAR BETWEEN REGIONS CAPACITY (MW) 1 28 33 254 3 18 47 2243 3 24 32 2757 4 10 23 1170 4 18 47 2086 4 24 32 213 5 10 23 273 5 10 26 2264 5 24 32 213 6 10 26 2588 6 24 32 213 7 10 26 2489 7 24 32 213 8 24 32 213 9 10 31 1979 10 10 31 1617 11 10 31 984

Table A-22. Annual High Voltage DC Transmission Capacity Installed (Scenario 1) YEAR BETWEEN REGIONS CAPACITY (MW) 1 1 32 4566 1 1 67 198 1 24 60 236 2 1 32 646 2 1 67 231 2 17 53 812 2 19 24 2839 2 47 50 473 3 17 53 2364 3 18 45 1915 3 18 50 722 4 17 53 2986 4 18 45 1188 4 18 50 60 4 18 53 307 4 18 55 459 5 17 53 1416 5 18 53 3584 6 17 53 1426 6 18 53 3329 6 18 55 245 7 11 18 345 7 17 53 820 7 18 45 741 7 18 53 1086 7 18 55 1331 7 20 44 678 8 11 18 796 8 15 18 424 8 17 53 753

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Table A-22 (cont’d) YEAR REGION TECHNOLOGY CAPACITY (MW) 8 18 54 318 8 18 55 1723 8 18 56 193 8 20 44 792 9 11 18 2515 9 15 18 638 9 17 53 1549 9 18 46 43 9 18 54 256 10 11 18 2706 10 15 18 580 10 17 53 1429 10 18 55 161 10 20 44 125 11 11 18 2706 11 15 18 112 11 17 53 101 11 18 55 628 11 20 44 1453 12 10 26 22 12 11 18 2706 12 15 18 112 12 17 53 195 12 18 55 628 12 20 44 736 12 40 49 601 13 10 26 1028 13 11 18 2392 13 15 18 426 13 18 55 628 13 20 44 525 14 46 47 5000 15 46 47 5000

187

Table A-23. Annual Electricity Generation, Usage, Imports, and Exports by Region (Scenario 1) Year Region Demand Generated DC DC Local AC AC (MWh) (MWh) Imports Exports Generation Imports Exports (MWh) (MWh) Used (MWh) (MWh) (MWh) 1 1 5.98E+07 1.32E+08 0 0 5.98E+07 0 7.19E+07 1 2 4.27E+07 3.84E+07 0 0 3.80E+07 4.69E+06 446247 1 3 5.48E+07 6.89E+07 0 0 1.48E+06 5.33E+07 6.74E+07 1 4 1.20E+08 1.82E+08 0 0 1.20E+08 0 6.19E+07 1 5 1.07E+08 1.24E+08 0 0 9.29E+07 1.37E+07 3.13E+07 1 6 7.56E+07 9.16E+07 0 0 7.56E+07 0 1.59E+07 1 7 4.82E+07 2.58E+07 0 0 8.01E+06 4.02E+07 1.78E+07 1 8 2.29E+07 1.34E+07 0 0 1.31E+07 9.86E+06 367974 1 9 2.31E+08 2.05E+08 0 0 2.05E+08 2.57E+07 0 1 10 1.22E+09 1.20E+09 0 0 1.20E+09 1.93E+07 1.76E+06 1 11 3.78E+07 3.78E+07 0 0 3.78E+07 0 0 1 12 1.26E+07 1.94E+07 0 0 1.26E+07 0 6.85E+06 1 13 2.42E+08 2.56E+08 0 0 2.42E+08 0 1.44E+07 1 14 2.22E+08 2.46E+08 0 0 2.11E+08 1.11E+07 3.54E+07 1 15 2.04E+07 2.35E+07 0 0 2.04E+07 0 3.09E+06 1 16 1.34E+07 6.38E+06 0 0 6.38E+06 7.01E+06 0 1 17 2.78E+08 4.72E+08 0 0 2.75E+08 2.41E+06 1.96E+08 1 18 7.79E+08 7.79E+08 0 0 7.79E+08 0 0 1 19 1.55E+08 2.35E+08 0 0 1.55E+08 0 8.02E+07 1 20 4.07E+08 4.07E+08 0 0 4.07E+08 0 0 1 21 3.52E+07 4.73E+07 0 0 3.52E+07 0 1.21E+07 1 22 4.05E+07 3.61E+07 0 0 3.61E+07 4.41E+06 0 1 23 8.55E+06 6.32E+06 0 0 6.32E+06 2.23E+06 0 1 24 5.69E+08 4.87E+08 0 0 4.87E+08 8.20E+07 0 1 25 5.47E+06 7.34E+07 0 0 5.47E+06 0 6.80E+07 1 26 6.41E+07 7.14E+07 0 0 6.41E+07 0 7.32E+06 1 27 1.16E+08 1.49E+08 0 0 8.51E+07 3.07E+07 6.42E+07 1 28 3.89E+08 2.80E+08 0 0 2.80E+08 1.09E+08 0 1 29 5.37E+07 9.62E+07 0 0 4.94E+07 4.37E+06 4.68E+07 1 30 3.66E+07 4.77E+07 0 0 3.66E+07 0 1.11E+07 1 31 6.31E+07 6.86E+07 0 0 6.00E+07 3.08E+06 8.55E+06 1 32 9.28E+08 7.63E+08 0 0 6.71E+08 2.57E+08 9.23E+07 1 33 9.64E+07 7.50E+07 0 0 6.74E+07 2.90E+07 7.59E+06 1 34 1.12E+08 1.09E+08 0 0 7.27E+07 3.91E+07 3.66E+07 1 35 3.11E+07 4.54E+07 0 0 3.11E+07 0 1.43E+07 1 36 6.55E+07 5.97E+07 0 0 5.97E+07 5.79E+06 0 1 37 2.72E+07 3.19E+07 0 0 2.72E+07 0 4.65E+06 1 38 6.70E+07 7.09E+07 0 0 6.22E+07 4.76E+06 8.72E+06 1 39 9.01E+07 9.51E+07 0 0 9.01E+07 0 4.98E+06 1 40 4.77E+07 6.15E+07 0 0 4.77E+07 0 1.38E+07 1 41 1.87E+09 2.11E+09 0 0 1.80E+09 6.48E+07 3.08E+08 1 42 4.62E+07 6.13E+07 0 0 4.62E+07 0 1.51E+07 1 43 3.49E+08 3.29E+08 0 0 3.29E+08 2.02E+07 0 1 44 2.56E+08 2.56E+08 0 0 2.56E+08 0 0 1 45 9.58E+07 9.06E+07 0 0 9.06E+07 5.18E+06 0 1 46 2.47E+07 3.82E+07 0 0 2.26E+07 2.08E+06 1.56E+07 1 47 1.32E+08 1.76E+08 0 0 1.32E+08 0 4.39E+07 1 48 8.34E+07 8.31E+07 0 0 8.31E+07 326125 0 1 49 2.74E+07 2.74E+07 0 0 2.74E+07 0 0

188

Table A-23 (cont’d) Yea Region Demand Generated DC DC Local AC AC r (MWh) (MWh) Imports Exports Generation Imports Exports (MWh) (MWh) Used (MWh) (MWh) (MWh) 1 50 7.56E+07 7.39E+07 0 0 7.35E+07 2.09E+06 415616 1 51 2.85E+07 2.85E+07 0 0 2.85E+07 0 0 1 52 6.01E+07 6.77E+07 0 0 6.01E+07 0 7.56E+06 1 53 1.35E+09 1.18E+09 0 0 1.18E+09 1.69E+08 0 1 54 2.04E+07 3.00E+07 0 0 2.04E+07 0 9.68E+06 1 55 1.03E+08 5.03E+07 0 0 5.03E+07 5.28E+07 0 1 56 1.34E+07 1.02E+07 0 0 2.09E+06 1.13E+07 8.15E+06 1 57 5.53E+08 4.62E+08 0 0 4.48E+08 1.05E+08 1.39E+07 1 58 3.33E+07 3.21E+07 0 0 2.92E+07 4.06E+06 2.86E+06 1 59 6.48E+06 6.28E+06 0 0 6.28E+06 204000 0 1 60 1.75E+06 5.94E+06 0 0 1.75E+06 0 4.19E+06 1 61 6.87E+07 7.84E+07 0 0 6.00E+07 8.67E+06 1.84E+07 1 62 5.33E+07 4.80E+07 0 0 4.55E+07 7.83E+06 2.50E+06 1 63 9.69E+07 9.51E+07 0 0 9.51E+07 1.83E+06 0 1 64 1.99E+07 1.26E+07 0 0 9.18E+06 1.07E+07 3.41E+06 1 65 1.63E+06 114092 0 0 114092 1.52E+06 0 1 66 9.71E+07 7.90E+07 0 0 6.40E+07 3.32E+07 1.51E+07 1 67 3.11E+07 3.11E+07 0 0 3.11E+07 0 0 2 1 6.65E+07 1.63E+08 0 0 6.65E+07 0 9.69E+07 2 2 4.55E+07 3.84E+07 0 0 3.63E+07 9.20E+06 2.12E+06 2 3 5.79E+07 6.89E+07 0 0 0 5.79E+07 6.89E+07 2 4 1.23E+08 1.82E+08 0 0 1.23E+08 0 5.85E+07 2 5 1.10E+08 1.24E+08 0 0 8.23E+07 2.77E+07 4.19E+07 2 6 8.51E+07 9.75E+07 0 0 8.51E+07 0 1.24E+07 2 7 5.11E+07 2.58E+07 0 0 3.06E+06 4.80E+07 2.28E+07 2 8 2.44E+07 1.57E+07 0 0 1.57E+07 8.74E+06 0 2 9 2.37E+08 1.96E+08 0 0 1.96E+08 4.09E+07 0 2 10 1.29E+09 1.28E+09 0 0 1.27E+09 1.32E+07 3.05E+06 2 11 3.97E+07 3.97E+07 0 0 3.97E+07 0 0 2 12 1.33E+07 3.73E+07 0 0 1.33E+07 0 2.40E+07 2 13 2.54E+08 2.60E+08 0 0 2.53E+08 761183 6.75E+06 2 14 2.26E+08 2.46E+08 0 0 2.15E+08 1.08E+07 3.07E+07 2 15 2.29E+07 2.57E+07 0 0 2.29E+07 0 2.76E+06 2 16 1.46E+07 8.00E+06 0 0 8.00E+06 6.59E+06 0 2 17 2.93E+08 4.86E+08 0 0 2.90E+08 2.57E+06 1.96E+08 2 18 8.44E+08 8.44E+08 0 0 8.44E+08 0 0 2 19 1.62E+08 2.82E+08 0 0 1.62E+08 0 1.20E+08 2 20 4.57E+08 4.57E+08 0 0 4.57E+08 0 0 2 21 3.76E+07 4.73E+07 0 0 3.76E+07 0 9.62E+06 2 22 4.23E+07 4.06E+07 0 0 4.06E+07 1.70E+06 0 2 23 9.31E+06 6.73E+06 0 0 6.73E+06 2.58E+06 0 2 24 5.85E+08 5.23E+08 0 0 5.23E+08 6.25E+07 0 2 25 5.61E+06 8.81E+07 0 0 5.61E+06 0 8.25E+07 2 26 6.71E+07 7.34E+07 0 0 6.71E+07 0 6.30E+06 2 27 1.22E+08 1.49E+08 0 0 1.03E+08 1.90E+07 4.67E+07 2 28 3.85E+08 2.80E+08 0 0 2.80E+08 1.05E+08 0 2 29 5.54E+07 9.62E+07 0 0 5.17E+07 3.73E+06 4.45E+07

189

Table A-23 (cont’d) Yea Region Demand Generated DC DC Local AC AC r (MWh) (MWh) Imports Exports Generation Imports Exports (MWh) (MWh) Used (MWh) (MWh) (MWh) 2 30 3.91E+07 5.13E+07 0 0 3.91E+07 0 1.22E+07 2 31 6.86E+07 7.40E+07 0 0 6.71E+07 1.54E+06 6.97E+06 2 32 9.51E+08 8.04E+08 0 0 7.34E+08 2.18E+08 7.04E+07 2 33 1.01E+08 7.50E+07 0 0 6.74E+07 3.38E+07 7.59E+06 2 34 1.14E+08 1.09E+08 0 0 7.42E+07 3.98E+07 3.52E+07 2 35 3.25E+07 4.54E+07 0 0 3.25E+07 0 1.29E+07 2 36 6.91E+07 6.45E+07 0 0 6.45E+07 4.60E+06 0 2 37 3.10E+07 3.47E+07 0 0 3.07E+07 235148 3.97E+06 2 38 7.15E+07 7.09E+07 0 0 6.46E+07 6.92E+06 6.34E+06 2 39 9.62E+07 9.81E+07 0 0 9.62E+07 0 1.92E+06 2 40 5.09E+07 6.15E+07 0 0 5.09E+07 0 1.06E+07 2 41 1.98E+09 2.12E+09 0 0 1.86E+09 1.21E+08 2.60E+08 2 42 4.99E+07 6.89E+07 0 0 4.99E+07 0 1.91E+07 2 43 3.74E+08 3.65E+08 0 0 3.65E+08 8.97E+06 0 2 44 2.70E+08 2.70E+08 0 0 2.70E+08 0 0 2 45 1.01E+08 9.55E+07 0 0 9.55E+07 5.12E+06 0 2 46 2.60E+07 3.82E+07 0 0 2.60E+07 0 1.23E+07 2 47 1.38E+08 1.60E+08 0 0 1.38E+08 0 2.16E+07 2 48 8.55E+07 1.01E+08 0 0 8.55E+07 0 1.56E+07 2 49 2.77E+07 2.77E+07 0 0 2.77E+07 0 0 2 50 8.58E+07 8.09E+07 0 0 8.09E+07 4.87E+06 0 2 51 2.92E+07 2.92E+07 0 0 2.92E+07 0 0 2 52 6.45E+07 6.90E+07 0 0 6.43E+07 226167 4.74E+06 2 53 1.47E+09 1.31E+09 0 0 1.31E+09 1.57E+08 0 2 54 2.21E+07 3.00E+07 0 0 2.21E+07 0 7.93E+06 2 55 1.06E+08 7.03E+07 0 0 7.03E+07 3.57E+07 0 2 56 1.39E+07 1.51E+07 0 0 372228 1.35E+07 1.47E+07 2 57 5.83E+08 4.82E+08 0 0 4.82E+08 1.01E+08 0 2 58 3.58E+07 3.37E+07 0 0 3.19E+07 3.94E+06 1.86E+06 2 59 7.04E+06 7.04E+06 0 0 7.04E+06 0 0 2 60 1.73E+06 5.94E+06 0 0 1.73E+06 0 4.21E+06 2 61 7.36E+07 9.53E+07 0 0 7.36E+07 0 2.17E+07 2 62 5.54E+07 4.80E+07 0 0 4.73E+07 8.04E+06 630338 2 63 1.03E+08 1.03E+08 0 0 1.03E+08 459824 0 2 64 2.14E+07 1.31E+07 0 0 1.14E+07 1.00E+07 1.71E+06 2 65 1.63E+06 114092 0 0 114092 1.52E+06 0 2 66 1.00E+08 7.90E+07 0 0 6.39E+07 3.65E+07 1.52E+07 2 67 3.20E+07 3.20E+07 0 0 3.20E+07 0 0 3 1 7.28E+07 2.41E+08 0 8.35E+07 7.28E+07 0 8.49E+07 3 2 4.87E+07 3.84E+07 0 0 3.15E+07 1.72E+07 6.97E+06 3 3 6.13E+07 6.89E+07 0 0 1.07E+07 5.07E+07 5.82E+07 3 4 1.28E+08 1.82E+08 0 0 1.28E+08 0 5.39E+07 3 5 1.14E+08 1.24E+08 0 0 8.29E+07 3.14E+07 4.13E+07 3 6 9.65E+07 1.05E+08 0 0 9.65E+07 0 8.28E+06 3 7 5.36E+07 2.58E+07 0 0 8.75E+06 4.48E+07 1.71E+07 3 8 2.58E+07 1.82E+07 0 0 1.82E+07 7.58E+06 0 3 9 2.42E+08 2.20E+08 0 0 2.20E+08 2.26E+07 0 3 10 1.35E+09 1.35E+09 0 0 1.35E+09 9.38E+06 5.24E+06 3 11 4.17E+07 4.17E+07 0 0 4.17E+07 0 0

190

Table A-23 (cont’d) Yea Region Demand Generated DC DC Local AC AC r (MWh) (MWh) Imports Exports Generation Imports Exports (MWh) (MWh) Used (MWh) (MWh) (MWh) 3 12 1.41E+07 5.53E+07 0 0 1.41E+07 0 4.12E+07 3 13 2.67E+08 2.73E+08 0 0 2.66E+08 730319 7.10E+06 3 14 2.34E+08 2.51E+08 0 0 2.27E+08 6.56E+06 2.38E+07 3 15 2.50E+07 2.67E+07 0 0 2.50E+07 0 1.66E+06 3 16 1.58E+07 9.92E+06 0 0 9.92E+06 5.93E+06 0 3 17 3.01E+08 5.00E+08 0 0 3.00E+08 830671 1.99E+08 3 18 9.03E+08 9.03E+08 0 0 9.03E+08 0 0 3 19 1.69E+08 3.20E+08 0 0.00E+00 1.69E+08 0 1.51E+08 3 20 5.01E+08 5.01E+08 0 0 5.01E+08 0 0 3 21 4.01E+07 4.73E+07 0 0 4.01E+07 0 7.12E+06 3 22 4.41E+07 4.38E+07 0 0 4.38E+07 252567 0 3 23 1.02E+07 9.31E+06 0 0 9.31E+06 855860 0 3 24 6.02E+08 5.28E+08 3.88E+06 0 5.28E+08 7.07E+07 0 3 25 5.67E+06 8.94E+07 0 0.00E+00 5.67E+06 0 8.37E+07 3 26 7.05E+07 7.57E+07 0 0 7.05E+07 0 5.21E+06 3 27 1.28E+08 1.55E+08 0 0 1.13E+08 1.51E+07 4.21E+07 3 28 3.88E+08 2.97E+08 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 2.97E+08 9.06E+07 0 3 29 5.80E+07 9.62E+07 0 0 5.53E+07 2.71E+06 4.09E+07 3 30 4.10E+07 5.05E+07 0 0 4.10E+07 0 9.55E+06 3 31 7.38E+07 7.89E+07 0 0 7.38E+07 0 5.08E+06 3 32 9.82E+08 8.10E+08 7.46E+07 0 7.31E+08 1.77E+08 7.96E+07 3 33 1.06E+08 7.50E+07 0.00E+00 0 6.60E+07 4.04E+07 9.03E+06 3 34 1.16E+08 1.09E+08 0 0 8.12E+07 3.46E+07 2.81E+07 3 35 3.40E+07 4.54E+07 0 0 3.40E+07 0 1.14E+07 3 36 7.38E+07 6.71E+07 0 0 6.71E+07 6.63E+06 0 3 37 3.25E+07 3.47E+07 0 0 3.18E+07 696983 2.89E+06 3 38 7.60E+07 7.09E+07 0 0 6.61E+07 9.85E+06 4.81E+06 3 39 1.01E+08 1.01E+08 0 0 1.01E+08 0 285305 3 40 5.35E+07 5.79E+07 0 0 5.35E+07 0 4.39E+06 3 41 2.07E+09 2.13E+09 0 0 1.92E+09 1.45E+08 2.11E+08 3 42 5.39E+07 6.89E+07 0 0 5.39E+07 0 1.50E+07 3 43 4.00E+08 3.93E+08 0 0 3.93E+08 7.62E+06 0 3 44 2.90E+08 2.90E+08 0 0 2.90E+08 0 0 3 45 1.08E+08 1.02E+08 0 0 1.02E+08 6.57E+06 0 3 46 2.73E+07 3.82E+07 0 0 2.73E+07 0 1.09E+07 3 47 1.45E+08 1.64E+08 0 0 1.45E+08 0 1.96E+07 3 48 8.91E+07 9.45E+07 0 0 8.91E+07 0 5.39E+06 3 49 2.81E+07 2.81E+07 0 0 2.81E+07 0 0 3 50 9.77E+07 8.95E+07 0 0 8.95E+07 8.21E+06 0 3 51 3.03E+07 3.03E+07 0 0 3.03E+07 0 0 3 52 6.94E+07 7.19E+07 0 0 6.94E+07 0 2.52E+06 3 53 1.58E+09 1.42E+09 0.00E+00 0 1.42E+09 1.57E+08 0 3 54 2.40E+07 3.00E+07 0 0 2.40E+07 0 6.09E+06 3 55 1.12E+08 9.19E+07 0 0 8.84E+07 2.40E+07 3.59E+06 3 56 1.41E+07 1.51E+07 0 0 6.95E+06 7.20E+06 8.16E+06 3 57 5.90E+08 4.96E+08 0 0 4.96E+08 9.38E+07 0 3 58 3.78E+07 3.53E+07 0 0 3.41E+07 3.71E+06 1.17E+06 3 59 7.58E+06 7.58E+06 0 0 7.58E+06 0 0 3 60 1.73E+06 5.94E+06 0 4.13E+06 1.70E+06 27783.2 105356

191

Table A-23 (cont’d) Yea Region Demand Generated DC DC Local AC AC r (MWh) (MWh) Imports Exports Generation Imports Exports (MWh) (MWh) Used (MWh) (MWh) (MWh) 3 61 8.09E+07 9.63E+07 0 0 8.01E+07 7.52E+05 1.62E+07 3 62 5.77E+07 4.80E+07 0 0 4.80E+07 9.71E+06 0 3 63 1.09E+08 1.11E+08 0 0 1.09E+08 0 1.52E+06 3 64 2.29E+07 1.42E+07 0 0 1.42E+07 8.69E+06 0 3 65 1.63E+06 114092 0 0 114092 1.52E+06 0 3 66 1.02E+08 7.90E+07 0 0 6.38E+07 3.83E+07 1.52E+07 3 67 3.32E+07 2.98E+07 3.41E+06 0 2.98E+07 0 0 4 1 7.90E+07 2.60E+08 0 9.77E+07 7.90E+07 0 8.29E+07 4 2 5.18E+07 3.84E+07 0 0 3.42E+07 1.76E+07 4.28E+06 4 3 6.47E+07 6.89E+07 0 0 1.28E+07 5.19E+07 5.60E+07 4 4 1.33E+08 1.82E+08 0 0 1.33E+08 0 4.92E+07 4 5 1.19E+08 1.24E+08 0 0 9.54E+07 2.32E+07 2.88E+07 4 6 1.08E+08 1.12E+08 0 0 1.08E+08 0 4.19E+06 4 7 5.61E+07 2.58E+07 0 0 8.75E+06 4.73E+07 1.71E+07 4 8 2.72E+07 1.88E+07 0 0 1.88E+07 8.40E+06 0 4 9 2.47E+08 2.42E+08 0 0 2.42E+08 5.05E+06 0 4 10 1.42E+09 1.42E+09 0 0 1.41E+09 6.67E+06 6.55E+06 4 11 4.37E+07 4.37E+07 0 0 4.37E+07 0 0 4 12 1.48E+07 5.53E+07 0 0 1.48E+07 0 4.05E+07 4 13 2.80E+08 2.90E+08 0 0 2.79E+08 5.86E+05 1.07E+07 4 14 2.41E+08 2.54E+08 0 0 2.37E+08 4.47E+06 1.69E+07 4 15 2.72E+07 2.79E+07 0 0 2.67E+07 487134 1.19E+06 4 16 1.71E+07 1.25E+07 0 0 1.23E+07 4.76E+06 186696 4 17 3.09E+08 5.23E+08 0 1.42E+07 3.09E+08 0 1.99E+08 4 18 9.62E+08 9.62E+08 0 0.00E+00 9.62E+08 0 0 4 19 1.76E+08 3.61E+08 0 4.97E+07 1.76E+08 0 1.36E+08 4 20 5.46E+08 5.46E+08 0 0 5.46E+08 0 0 4 21 4.25E+07 4.74E+07 0 0 4.25E+07 0 4.86E+06 4 22 4.57E+07 4.57E+07 0 0 4.57E+07 0 0 4 23 1.10E+07 9.87E+06 0 0 9.87E+06 1.15E+06 0 4 24 6.19E+08 5.42E+08 5.18E+07 0 5.42E+08 2.56E+07 0 4 25 5.74E+06 8.94E+07 0 0.00E+00 5.74E+06 0 8.37E+07 4 26 7.38E+07 7.80E+07 0 0 7.38E+07 0 4.12E+06 4 27 1.34E+08 1.62E+08 0 0 1.25E+08 9.41E+06 3.77E+07 4 28 3.91E+08 3.09E+08 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 3.09E+08 8.19E+07 0 4 29 6.07E+07 9.62E+07 0 0 5.93E+07 1.44E+06 3.69E+07 4 30 4.27E+07 5.13E+07 0 0 4.25E+07 261188 8.88E+06 4 31 7.94E+07 8.26E+07 0 0 7.94E+07 0 3.20E+06 4 32 1.01E+09 8.43E+08 8.52E+07 0 8.14E+08 1.14E+08 2.88E+07 4 33 1.12E+08 7.53E+07 0.00E+00 0 6.71E+07 4.45E+07 8.19E+06 4 34 1.18E+08 1.09E+08 0 0 7.87E+07 3.89E+07 3.06E+07 4 35 3.55E+07 4.54E+07 0 0 3.55E+07 0 9.91E+06 4 36 7.86E+07 6.98E+07 0 0 6.98E+07 8.74E+06 0 4 37 3.43E+07 3.47E+07 0 0 3.32E+07 1.16E+06 1.53E+06 4 38 8.05E+07 7.09E+07 0 0 6.74E+07 1.30E+07 3.49E+06 4 39 1.06E+08 1.06E+08 0 0 1.06E+08 0.00E+00 0 4 40 5.59E+07 5.74E+07 0 0 5.59E+07 0 1.44E+06 4 41 2.16E+09 2.16E+09 0 0 2.03E+09 1.31E+08 1.36E+08 4 42 5.80E+07 6.08E+07 0 0 5.80E+07 0 2.86E+06

192

Table A-23 (cont’d) Yea Region Demand Generated DC DC Local AC AC r (MWh) (MWh) Imports Exports Generation Imports Exports (MWh) (MWh) Used (MWh) (MWh) (MWh) 4 43 4.27E+08 4.14E+08 0 0 4.14E+08 1.25E+07 0 4 44 3.10E+08 3.10E+08 0 0 3.10E+08 0 0 4 45 1.16E+08 1.00E+08 0.00E+00 0 1.00E+08 1.56E+07 0 4 46 2.88E+07 3.82E+07 0 0 2.86E+07 156986 9.62E+06 4 47 1.51E+08 1.75E+08 0 8289420 1.51E+08 0 1.56E+07 4 48 9.29E+07 9.64E+07 0 0 9.29E+07 0 3.52E+06 4 49 2.85E+07 2.85E+07 0 0 2.85E+07 0 0 4 50 1.10E+08 9.75E+07 8.12E+06 0 9.72E+07 4.49E+06 3.62E+05 4 51 3.14E+07 3.14E+07 0 0 3.14E+07 0 0 4 52 7.42E+07 7.86E+07 0 0 7.42E+07 0 4.34E+06 4 53 1.68E+09 1.51E+09 1.39E+07 0 1.51E+09 1.57E+08 0 4 54 2.58E+07 3.00E+07 0 0 2.56E+07 172342 4.41E+06 4 55 1.21E+08 1.14E+08 0 0 1.05E+08 1.58E+07 8.23E+06 4 56 1.44E+07 1.51E+07 0 0 1.15E+07 2.90E+06 3.60E+06 4 57 5.94E+08 5.28E+08 0 0 5.28E+08 6.62E+07 0 4 58 4.00E+07 3.66E+07 0 0 3.61E+07 3.86E+06 553200 4 59 8.13E+06 8.13E+06 0 0 8.13E+06 0 0 4 60 1.73E+06 5.94E+06 0 4.13E+06 1.70E+06 27783.2 105356 4 61 8.82E+07 9.63E+07 0 0 8.44E+07 3.80E+06 1.19E+07 4 62 6.01E+07 5.12E+07 0 0 5.12E+07 8.84E+06 0 4 63 1.16E+08 1.26E+08 0 0 1.16E+08 0 9.73E+06 4 64 2.44E+07 1.54E+07 0 0 1.54E+07 9.05E+06 0 4 65 1.63E+06 114092 0 0 114092 1.52E+06 0 4 66 1.04E+08 7.90E+07 0 0 6.76E+07 3.63E+07 1.14E+07 4 67 3.43E+07 2.80E+07 6.31E+06 0 2.80E+07 0 0 5 1 8.53E+07 2.61E+08 0 9.88E+07 8.53E+07 0 7.69E+07 5 2 5.50E+07 3.71E+07 0 0 3.26E+07 2.24E+07 4.49E+06 5 3 6.81E+07 6.30E+07 0 0 3.77E+07 3.04E+07 2.52E+07 5 4 1.37E+08 1.70E+08 1.12712E- 0 1.37E+08 0 3.23E+07 10 5 5 1.23E+08 1.20E+08 0 0 1.10E+08 1.31E+07 1.06E+07 5 6 1.19E+08 1.23E+08 0 0 1.19E+08 0 3.31E+06 5 7 5.86E+07 2.39E+07 0 0 1.23E+07 4.63E+07 1.16E+07 5 8 2.86E+07 2.32E+07 0 0 2.32E+07 5.36E+06 0 5 9 2.52E+08 2.53E+08 0 0 2.52E+08 0.00E+00 1.03E+06 5 10 1.49E+09 1.46E+09 0 0 1.45E+09 3.58E+07 3.61E+06 5 11 4.56E+07 4.56E+07 0 0 4.56E+07 0 0 5 12 1.55E+07 5.01E+07 0 0 1.55E+07 0 3.45E+07 5 13 2.93E+08 3.12E+08 0 0 2.93E+08 0 1.98E+07 5 14 2.49E+08 2.51E+08 0 0 2.48E+08 644264 3269420 5 15 2.93E+07 3.12E+07 0 0 2.93E+07 0 1.93E+06 5 16 1.84E+07 1.74E+07 0 0 1.58E+07 2.59E+06 1.64E+06 5 17 3.17E+08 5.39E+08 0 5.56E+07 3.17E+08 0 1.66E+08 5 18 1.02E+09 1.07E+09 0 4.62E+07 1.02E+09 0 0 5 19 1.83E+08 3.79E+08 0 4.97E+07 1.83E+08 0 1.46E+08 5 20 5.91E+08 5.91E+08 0 0 5.91E+08 0 0 5 21 4.49E+07 4.49E+07 0 0 4.49E+07 0 0 5 22 4.73E+07 4.73E+07 0 0 4.73E+07 0 0 5 23 1.19E+07 2.29E+07 0 0 1.19E+07 0 1.11E+07

193

Table A-23 (cont’d) Yea Region Demand Generated DC DC Local AC AC r (MWh) (MWh) Imports Exports Generation Imports Exports (MWh) (MWh) Used (MWh) (MWh) (MWh) 5 24 6.36E+08 5.40E+08 5.18E+07 0 5.40E+08 4.46E+07 0 5 25 5.80E+06 7.99E+07 0 0.00E+00 5.80E+06 0 7.41E+07 5 26 7.72E+07 9.43E+07 0 0 7.72E+07 0 1.71E+07 5 27 1.40E+08 1.52E+08 0 0 1.40E+08 0 1.19E+07 5 28 3.93E+08 3.64E+08 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 3.64E+08 2.95E+07 0 5 29 6.35E+07 9.08E+07 0 0 6.35E+07 0 2.73E+07 5 30 4.45E+07 4.67E+07 0 0 4.42E+07 278967 2.49E+06 5 31 8.50E+07 8.49E+07 0 0 8.49E+07 28494 0 5 32 1.04E+09 9.54E+08 8.52E+07 0 9.03E+08 5.56E+07 5.02E+07 5 33 1.17E+08 8.33E+07 0.00E+00 0 8.33E+07 3.35E+07 0.00E+00 5 34 1.19E+08 1.06E+08 0 0 8.72E+07 3.22E+07 1.84E+07 5 35 3.70E+07 4.26E+07 0 0 3.70E+07 0 5.62E+06 5 36 8.34E+07 7.78E+07 0 0 7.78E+07 5.55E+06 0.00E+00 5 37 3.61E+07 3.32E+07 0 0 3.32E+07 2.95E+06 0 5 38 8.50E+07 6.98E+07 0 0 5.93E+07 2.57E+07 1.05E+07 5 39 1.10E+08 1.09E+08 0 0 1.09E+08 1.29E+06 0 5 40 5.84E+07 5.86E+07 0 0 5.84E+07 0 262573 5 41 2.25E+09 2.18E+09 0 0 2.11E+09 1.37E+08 6.64E+07 5 42 6.20E+07 6.18E+07 0 0 6.18E+07 230441 0 5 43 4.53E+08 4.32E+08 0 0 4.32E+08 2.11E+07 0 5 44 3.30E+08 3.30E+08 0 0 3.30E+08 0 0 5 45 1.24E+08 7.34E+07 3.20E+07 0 7.34E+07 1.82E+07 0 5 46 3.02E+07 3.82E+07 0 0 2.76E+07 2.54E+06 1.06E+07 5 47 1.57E+08 1.78E+08 0 8289420 1.57E+08 0 1.27E+07 5 48 9.67E+07 9.81E+07 0 0 9.66E+07 81164.9 1.47E+06 5 49 2.90E+07 2.90E+07 0 0 2.90E+07 0 0 5 50 1.22E+08 9.95E+07 2.01E+07 0 9.92E+07 2507080 307009 5 51 3.25E+07 3.25E+07 0 0 3.25E+07 0 2.77E+03 5 52 7.91E+07 8.37E+07 0 0 7.91E+07 0 4.67E+06 5 53 1.79E+09 1.61E+09 5.42E+07 0 1.61E+09 1.31E+08 0.00E+00 5 54 2.76E+07 2.91E+07 0 0 2.62E+07 1.40E+06 2.81E+06 5 55 1.30E+08 1.29E+08 0 0 1.19E+08 1.08E+07 9.95E+06 5 56 1.47E+07 1.49E+07 0 0 1.45E+07 131320 318325 5 57 5.98E+08 5.74E+08 0 0 5.74E+08 2.40E+07 0 5 58 4.21E+07 3.62E+07 0.00E+00 0 3.62E+07 5.90E+06 0 5 59 8.67E+06 9.05E+06 0 0 8.67E+06 0 384820 5 60 1.73E+06 5.84E+06 0 4.13E+06 1.70E+06 27783.2 0 5 61 9.56E+07 9.44E+07 0 0 8.74E+07 8.17E+06 6.98E+06 5 62 6.24E+07 5.10E+07 0 0 5.10E+07 1.14E+07 0 5 63 1.22E+08 1.37E+08 0 0 1.22E+08 0 1.53E+07 5 64 2.59E+07 2.91E+07 0 0 2.11E+07 4.85E+06 8.02E+06 5 65 1.63E+06 319855 0 0 319855 1.31E+06 0 5 66 1.06E+08 8.13E+07 0 0 7.70E+07 2.86E+07 4.21E+06 5 67 3.55E+07 2.82E+07 7.30E+06 0 2.82E+07 0 0 6 1 9.15E+07 2.63E+08 0 9.88E+07 9.15E+07 0 7.25E+07 6 2 5.81E+07 3.37E+07 1.14087E- 0 2.95E+07 2.87E+07 4.20E+06 10 6 3 7.15E+07 6.37E+07 0 0 4.66E+07 2.49E+07 1.72E+07 6 4 1.42E+08 1.70E+08 0 0 1.41E+08 1298320 2.89E+07

194

Table A-23 (cont’d) Yea Region Demand Generated DC DC Local AC AC r (MWh) (MWh) Imports Exports Generation Imports Exports (MWh) (MWh) Used (MWh) (MWh) (MWh) 6 5 1.27E+08 1.23E+08 0 0 1.17E+08 9.79E+06 5.05E+06 6 6 1.31E+08 1.30E+08 0 0 1.30E+08 7.89E+05 0 6 7 6.10E+07 2.41E+07 0 0 1.21E+07 4.90E+07 1.21E+07 6 8 3.00E+07 2.57E+07 0 0 2.57E+07 4.29E+06 0 6 9 2.57E+08 2.55E+08 0 0 2.55E+08 2.07E+06 1.95E+04 6 10 1.55E+09 1.52E+09 0 0 1.52E+09 3.28E+07 0 6 11 4.76E+07 4.76E+07 0 0 4.76E+07 0 0 6 12 1.63E+07 5.19E+07 0 0 1.57E+07 600802 3.62E+07 6 13 3.06E+08 3.13E+08 0 0 3.06E+08 0 7.91E+06 6 14 2.56E+08 2.57E+08 0 0 2.56E+08 485662 1008430 6 15 3.14E+07 3.31E+07 0 0 3.14E+07 47654.1 1.75E+06 6 16 1.96E+07 1.91E+07 0 0 1.80E+07 1.58E+06 1.11E+06 6 17 3.26E+08 6.15E+08 0 1.08E+08 3.26E+08 0 1.82E+08 6 18 1.08E+09 1.15E+09 3906850 7.74E+07 1.07E+09 0 0 6 19 1.89E+08 4.74E+08 0 4.97E+07 1.89E+08 0 2.35E+08 6 20 6.36E+08 6.36E+08 0 0 6.36E+08 0 0 6 21 4.73E+07 4.75E+07 0 0 4.73E+07 0 177032 6 22 4.89E+07 4.89E+07 0 0 4.89E+07 0 0 6 23 1.27E+07 3.15E+07 0 0 1.27E+07 0 1.88E+07 6 24 6.53E+08 5.64E+08 5.18E+07 0 5.64E+08 3.70E+07 0 6 25 5.86E+06 8.42E+07 0 0.00E+00 5.86E+06 0 7.83E+07 6 26 8.06E+07 8.72E+07 0 0 8.06E+07 0 6.62E+06 6 27 1.46E+08 1.55E+08 0 0 1.46E+08 0 8.35E+06 6 28 3.96E+08 3.85E+08 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 3.85E+08 1.15E+07 0 6 29 6.62E+07 9.06E+07 0 0 6.62E+07 0 2.44E+07 6 30 4.62E+07 4.85E+07 0 0 4.58E+07 354510 2.64E+06 6 31 9.05E+07 9.05E+07 0 0 9.05E+07 0.00E+00 0 6 32 1.08E+09 9.90E+08 8.52E+07 0 9.48E+08 4.16E+07 4.16E+07 6 33 1.22E+08 8.31E+07 0.00E+00 0 8.31E+07 3.88E+07 0 6 34 1.21E+08 1.06E+08 0 0 9.52E+07 2.61E+07 1.12E+07 6 35 3.85E+07 4.32E+07 0 0 3.85E+07 0 4.68E+06 6 36 8.82E+07 8.86E+07 0 0 8.60E+07 2.19E+06 2.64E+06 6 37 3.79E+07 3.54E+07 0 0 3.54E+07 2.53E+06 0 6 38 8.95E+07 6.68E+07 0 0 5.98E+07 2.97E+07 7.04E+06 6 39 1.15E+08 1.08E+08 0 0 1.08E+08 6.77E+06 0 6 40 6.08E+07 6.08E+07 0 0 6.08E+07 0 0 6 41 2.34E+09 2.17E+09 0 0 2.12E+09 2.20E+08 4.96E+07 6 42 6.61E+07 6.61E+07 0 0 6.61E+07 0 0 6 43 4.79E+08 4.69E+08 0 0 4.69E+08 1.06E+07 0 6 44 3.50E+08 3.45E+08 0 0 3.45E+08 5782070 0 6 45 1.31E+08 6.77E+07 5.19E+07 0 6.77E+07 1.18E+07 0 6 46 3.16E+07 4.18E+07 0 0 2.93E+07 2.28E+06 1.25E+07 6 47 1.63E+08 1.76E+08 0 8.29E+06 1.63E+08 0.00E+00 4.14E+06 6 48 1.00E+08 1.05E+08 0 0 1.00E+08 1.76E+04 4.09E+06 6 49 2.94E+07 2.97E+07 0 0 2.90E+07 406109 640410 6 50 1.34E+08 1.08E+08 2.11E+07 0 1.08E+08 4.36E+06 0.00E+00 6 51 3.36E+07 3.51E+07 0 0 3.36E+07 0 1.53E+06 6 52 8.39E+07 8.83E+07 0 0 8.39E+07 0 4.42E+06 6 53 1.90E+09 1.66E+09 1.10E+08 0 1.66E+09 1.34E+08 0

195

Table A-23 (cont’d) Yea Region Demand Generated DC DC Local AC AC r (MWh) (MWh) Imports Exports Generation Imports Exports (MWh) (MWh) Used (MWh) (MWh) (MWh) 6 54 2.95E+07 2.91E+07 0 0 2.74E+07 2.06E+06 1.72E+06 6 55 1.39E+08 1.47E+08 3906850 4019840 1.31E+08 3.51E+06 1.20E+07 6 56 1.49E+07 1.49E+07 0 0 1.45E+07 387015 404525 6 57 6.02E+08 5.88E+08 0 0 5.88E+08 1.38E+07 0 6 58 4.42E+07 3.66E+07 0.00E+00 0 3.60E+07 8.17E+06 550104 6 59 9.21E+06 9.87E+06 0 0 8.63E+06 585366 1243620 6 60 1.73E+06 5.86E+06 0 4.13E+06 1.68E+06 51788.3 43581.6 6 61 1.03E+08 9.26E+07 0 0 8.81E+07 1.48E+07 4.52E+06 6 62 6.48E+07 5.62E+07 0 0 5.62E+07 8.55E+06 0 6 63 1.28E+08 1.42E+08 0 0 1.28E+08 0 1.37E+07 6 64 2.74E+07 3.65E+07 0 0 2.74E+07 0.00E+00 9.06E+06 6 65 1.63E+06 535730 0 0 535730 1.10E+06 0 6 66 1.07E+08 8.78E+07 0 0 8.37E+07 2.37E+07 4.08E+06 6 67 3.67E+07 2.93E+07 7.36E+06 0 2.93E+07 0 0 7 1 9.78E+07 2.56E+08 0 9.88E+07 9.78E+07 0 5.93E+07 7 2 6.13E+07 3.60E+07 0 0 3.13E+07 2.99E+07 4.70E+06 7 3 7.49E+07 6.68E+07 0 0 5.79E+07 1.70E+07 8.93E+06 7 4 1.47E+08 1.69E+08 0 0 1.41E+08 5238490 2.78E+07 7 5 1.32E+08 1.31E+08 0 0 1.24E+08 7.42E+06 6856270 7 6 1.42E+08 1.40E+08 0 0 1.40E+08 1.87E+06 0 7 7 6.35E+07 2.49E+07 0 0 1.47E+07 4.88E+07 1.02E+07 7 8 3.14E+07 2.71E+07 0 0 2.71E+07 4.35E+06 0 7 9 2.62E+08 2.60E+08 0 0 2.59E+08 2.66E+06 5.16E+05 7 10 1.62E+09 1.56E+09 0 0 1.56E+09 6.01E+07 0 7 11 4.96E+07 4.96E+07 0 0 4.96E+07 0 0 7 12 1.70E+07 5.29E+07 0 0 1.17E+07 5.27E+06 4.12E+07 7 13 3.19E+08 3.30E+08 0 0 3.19E+08 0 1.18E+07 7 14 2.64E+08 2.64E+08 0 0 2.64E+08 0 0 7 15 3.36E+07 3.41E+07 0 0 3.29E+07 681868 1.27E+06 7 16 2.09E+07 2.26E+07 0 0 2.03E+07 562965 2.31E+06 7 17 3.34E+08 6.34E+08 0 1.33E+08 3.34E+08 0 1.67E+08 7 18 1.14E+09 1.27E+09 3906850 1.40E+08 1.13E+09 0 0 7 19 1.96E+08 4.23E+08 0 4.97E+07 1.96E+08 0 1.77E+08 7 20 6.81E+08 6.81E+08 0 0 6.81E+08 0 0 7 21 4.97E+07 4.97E+07 0 0 4.97E+07 0 0 7 22 5.06E+07 5.06E+07 0 0 5.06E+07 0 0 7 23 1.36E+07 4.09E+07 0 0 1.36E+07 0 2.73E+07 7 24 6.70E+08 5.61E+08 5.18E+07 0 5.61E+08 5.65E+07 0 7 25 5.92E+06 8.27E+07 0 0.00E+00 5.92E+06 0 7.68E+07 7 26 8.39E+07 1.12E+08 0 0 8.39E+07 0 2.80E+07 7 27 1.53E+08 1.59E+08 0 0 1.53E+08 0 6.44E+06 7 28 3.99E+08 3.96E+08 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 3.95E+08 4.21E+06 854666 7 29 6.89E+07 9.18E+07 0 0 6.89E+07 0 2.29E+07 7 30 4.79E+07 4.87E+07 0 0 4.76E+07 344441 1.17E+06 7 31 9.61E+07 9.61E+07 0 0 9.61E+07 0 0 7 32 1.11E+09 1.05E+09 8.52E+07 0 9.90E+08 3.13E+07 6.36E+07 7 33 1.27E+08 9.59E+07 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 9.59E+07 3.11E+07 0 7 34 1.23E+08 1.17E+08 0 0 1.09E+08 1.36E+07 7.06E+06 7 35 4.00E+07 4.35E+07 0 0 4.00E+07 0 3.50E+06

196

Table A-23 (cont’d) Yea Region Demand Generated DC DC Local AC AC r (MWh) (MWh) Imports Exports Generation Imports Exports (MWh) (MWh) Used (MWh) (MWh) (MWh) 7 36 9.30E+07 9.85E+07 0 0 9.28E+07 185123 5.70E+06 7 37 3.98E+07 3.58E+07 0 0 3.58E+07 3.95E+06 0 7 38 9.40E+07 7.04E+07 0 0 6.12E+07 3.28E+07 9.21E+06 7 39 1.19E+08 1.14E+08 0 0 1.14E+08 4.98E+06 0 7 40 6.32E+07 6.32E+07 0 0 6.32E+07 0 0 7 41 2.43E+09 2.30E+09 0 0 2.26E+09 1.66E+08 3.73E+07 7 42 7.02E+07 7.30E+07 0 0 7.02E+07 0 2.83E+06 7 43 5.06E+08 4.93E+08 0 0 4.93E+08 1.28E+07 0 7 44 3.70E+08 3.66E+08 0 0 3.66E+08 4678330 0 7 45 1.39E+08 7.46E+07 5.19E+07 0 7.46E+07 1.26E+07 0 7 46 3.30E+07 3.74E+07 0 0 2.70E+07 5.99E+06 1.04E+07 7 47 1.69E+08 1.74E+08 0 8.29E+06 1.64E+08 5.06E+06 1.61E+06 7 48 1.04E+08 1.07E+08 0 0 1.04E+08 4.66E+05 2.89E+06 7 49 2.99E+07 2.96E+07 0 0 2.89E+07 945049 640974 7 50 1.46E+08 1.25E+08 2.11E+07 0 1.25E+08 0 0.00E+00 7 51 3.46E+07 3.64E+07 0 0 3.46E+07 0 1725590 7 52 8.88E+07 9.17E+07 0 0 8.88E+07 0 2.95E+06 7 53 2.01E+09 1.70E+09 1.93E+08 0 1.70E+09 1.24E+08 0 7 54 3.13E+07 2.84E+07 0 0 2.78E+07 3.57E+06 609854 7 55 1.48E+08 1.70E+08 3906850 4019840 1.42E+08 1.36E+06 2.33E+07 7 56 1.52E+07 1.50E+07 0 0 1.47E+07 457513 281146 7 57 6.06E+08 5.96E+08 0 0 5.96E+08 9.39E+06 0 7 58 4.63E+07 3.81E+07 0.00E+00 0 3.81E+07 8.16E+06 0 7 59 9.76E+06 1.22E+07 0 0 9.17E+06 585881 2.99E+06 7 60 1.73E+06 5.91E+06 0.00E+00 4.13E+06 1.73E+06 0 43581.6 7 61 1.10E+08 9.32E+07 0 0 9.15E+07 1.88E+07 1726010 7 62 6.72E+07 5.68E+07 0 0 5.68E+07 1.04E+07 0 7 63 1.35E+08 1.46E+08 0 0 1.35E+08 0 1.12E+07 7 64 2.89E+07 3.66E+07 0 0 2.89E+07 0 7.67E+06 7 65 1.63E+06 535730 0 0 535730 1.10E+06 0 7 66 1.09E+08 8.53E+07 0 0 8.53E+07 2.38E+07 0 7 67 3.78E+07 3.05E+07 7.36E+06 0 3.05E+07 0 0 8 1 1.04E+08 2.63E+08 0 9.88E+07 1.04E+08 0 6.04E+07 8 2 6.44E+07 3.65E+07 0 0 3.55E+07 2.89E+07 1.05E+06 8 3 7.83E+07 7.06E+07 0 0 6.31E+07 1.51E+07 7.44E+06 8 4 1.51E+08 1.76E+08 0 0 1.45E+08 6452420 3.13E+07 8 5 1.36E+08 1.34E+08 0 0 1.27E+08 9.31E+06 7.02E+06 8 6 1.53E+08 1.53E+08 0 0 1.53E+08 0.00E+00 0 8 7 6.60E+07 2.42E+07 0 0 1.87E+07 4.73E+07 5557770 8 8 3.28E+07 2.93E+07 0 0 2.93E+07 3.53E+06 0 8 9 2.67E+08 2.64E+08 0 0 2.63E+08 3.74E+06 468477 8 10 1.69E+09 1.62E+09 0 0 1.62E+09 7.09E+07 0 8 11 5.15E+07 5.15E+07 0 0 5.15E+07 0 0.00E+00 8 12 1.77E+07 5.27E+07 0 0 1.62E+07 1.55E+06 3.65E+07 8 13 3.31E+08 3.39E+08 1.09677E- 0 3.31E+08 0 7.82E+06 10 8 14 2.71E+08 2.71E+08 0 0 2.71E+08 0 0 8 15 3.57E+07 3.91E+07 0 0 3.57E+07 0 3.41E+06 8 16 2.21E+07 2.31E+07 0 0 2.18E+07 346063 1.36E+06

197

Table A-23 (cont’d) Yea Region Demand Generated DC DC Local AC AC r (MWh) (MWh) Imports Exports Generation Imports Exports (MWh) (MWh) Used (MWh) (MWh) (MWh) 8 17 3.42E+08 6.39E+08 0 1.58E+08 3.42E+08 0.00E+00 1.39E+08 8 18 1.20E+09 1.37E+09 8987230 1.87E+08 1.19E+09 0 0 8 19 2.03E+08 5.62E+08 0 4.97E+07 2.03E+08 0 3.09E+08 8 20 7.26E+08 7.23E+08 0 0 7.23E+08 2.71E+06 0 8 21 5.21E+07 5.21E+07 0 0 5.21E+07 0 0 8 22 5.22E+07 5.22E+07 0 0 5.22E+07 0 0 8 23 1.44E+07 3.32E+07 0 0 1.44E+07 0 1.87E+07 8 24 6.87E+08 5.73E+08 5.18E+07 0 5.73E+08 6.20E+07 0 8 25 5.98E+06 8.43E+07 0 0.00E+00 5.98E+06 0 7.84E+07 8 26 8.73E+07 1.34E+08 0 0 8.73E+07 0 4.72E+07 8 27 1.59E+08 1.59E+08 0 0 1.59E+08 0 0.00E+00 8 28 4.02E+08 4.01E+08 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 4.01E+08 751369 4.89E+05 8 29 7.17E+07 8.96E+07 0 0 7.17E+07 0 1.80E+07 8 30 4.97E+07 5.03E+07 0 0 4.97E+07 0 633144 8 31 1.02E+08 1.02E+08 0 0 1.02E+08 0 68544 8 32 1.14E+09 1.10E+09 8.52E+07 0 1.03E+09 2.10E+07 6.98E+07 8 33 1.32E+08 9.85E+07 0.00E+00 0 9.85E+07 3.37E+07 0 8 34 1.25E+08 1.21E+08 0 0 1.14E+08 1.06E+07 7.02E+06 8 35 4.15E+07 4.39E+07 0 0 4.15E+07 0 2.44E+06 8 36 9.78E+07 1.03E+08 0 0 9.78E+07 0 4.74E+06 8 37 4.16E+07 3.63E+07 0 0 3.63E+07 5.28E+06 0 8 38 9.85E+07 6.84E+07 0 0 6.46E+07 3.39E+07 3.87E+06 8 39 1.24E+08 1.20E+08 0 0 1.20E+08 3.66E+06 0 8 40 6.57E+07 6.57E+07 0 0 6.57E+07 0 0 8 41 2.52E+09 2.25E+09 0 0 2.23E+09 2.90E+08 2.50E+07 8 42 7.42E+07 7.72E+07 0 0 7.42E+07 0 2.98E+06 8 43 5.32E+08 5.24E+08 0 0 5.24E+08 8.03E+06 0 8 44 3.91E+08 3.91E+08 0 0 3.91E+08 0 0 8 45 1.47E+08 9.45E+07 4.14E+07 0 9.45E+07 1.08E+07 0 8 46 3.44E+07 4.25E+07 0 0 3.21E+07 2.24E+06 1.04E+07 8 47 1.75E+08 1.85E+08 0 8.29E+06 1.73E+08 2.51E+06 3.46E+06 8 48 1.08E+08 1.11E+08 0 0 1.08E+08 423152 3.82E+06 8 49 3.03E+07 3.01E+07 0 0 2.96E+07 676848 473846 8 50 1.58E+08 1.34E+08 2.11E+07 0 1.34E+08 2.73E+06 0.00E+00 8 51 3.57E+07 3.79E+07 0 0 3.57E+07 0 2.15E+06 8 52 9.36E+07 9.51E+07 0 0 9.36E+07 0 1485270 8 53 2.12E+09 1.75E+09 2.72E+08 0 1.74E+09 1.08E+08 4.04E+06 8 54 3.32E+07 2.92E+07 0 0 2.88E+07 4.38E+06 374886 8 55 1.57E+08 1.75E+08 2995740 9247140 1.51E+08 2.93E+06 1.51E+07 8 56 1.55E+07 1.55E+07 0 0 1.55E+07 0 32382.9 8 57 6.10E+08 6.07E+08 0 0 6.07E+08 2.48E+06 0.00E+00 8 58 4.84E+07 3.91E+07 0.00E+00 0 3.91E+07 9.27E+06 0 8 59 1.03E+07 1.25E+07 0 0 9.87E+06 433119 2.68E+06 8 60 1.73E+06 5.91E+06 0 4.13E+06 1.73E+06 0 43581.6 8 61 1.18E+08 1.01E+08 0 0 1.01E+08 1.70E+07 0 8 62 6.95E+07 6.55E+07 0 0 6.55E+07 4.01E+06 0 8 63 1.41E+08 1.48E+08 0 0 1.41E+08 0 7.47E+06 8 64 3.04E+07 3.92E+07 0 0 3.04E+07 0 8.71E+06 8 65 1.63E+06 646046 0 0 646046 9.87E+05 0

198

Table A-23 (cont’d) Yea Region Demand Generated DC DC Local AC AC r (MWh) (MWh) Imports Exports Generation Imports Exports (MWh) (MWh) Used (MWh) (MWh) (MWh) 8 66 1.11E+08 9.21E+07 0 0 9.21E+07 1.88E+07 0 8 67 3.90E+07 3.16E+07 7.36E+06 0 3.16E+07 0 0 9 1 1.10E+08 2.59E+08 0 9.88E+07 1.10E+08 0 4.97E+07 9 2 6.75E+07 4.01E+07 0 0 3.83E+07 2.93E+07 1.78E+06 9 3 8.17E+07 7.22E+07 0 0 6.79E+07 1.37E+07 4241560 9 4 1.56E+08 1.75E+08 0 0 1.50E+08 6246530 2.56E+07 9 5 1.40E+08 1.42E+08 0 0 1.26E+08 1.43E+07 16274000 9 6 1.65E+08 1.65E+08 0 0 1.65E+08 0 0 9 7 6.85E+07 3.20E+07 0 0 3.03E+07 3.82E+07 1700150 9 8 3.42E+07 3.06E+07 0 0 3.06E+07 3.61E+06 0 9 9 2.72E+08 2.71E+08 0 0 2.71E+08 7.98E+05 0 9 10 1.75E+09 1.69E+09 0 0 1.69E+09 6.27E+07 0 9 11 5.35E+07 5.50E+07 0 1509440 5.35E+07 0 0.00E+00 9 12 1.84E+07 5.53E+07 0 0 1.83E+07 175128 3.71E+07 9 13 3.44E+08 3.44E+08 0 0 3.44E+08 0 3.02E+04 9 14 2.79E+08 2.85E+08 0 0 2.79E+08 0 6.58E+06 9 15 3.78E+07 4.74E+07 0 0 3.78E+07 0 9.58E+06 9 16 2.34E+07 2.45E+07 0 0 2.34E+07 0 1080000 9 17 3.50E+08 6.53E+08 0 1.72E+08 3.50E+08 0.00E+00 1.31E+08 9 18 1.25E+09 1.45E+09 1.85E+07 2.19E+08 1.23E+09 1918470 0 9 19 2.10E+08 5.74E+08 0 4.97E+07 2.10E+08 0 3.14E+08 9 20 7.71E+08 7.66E+08 2.91E+06 0 7.66E+08 2051600 0 9 21 5.45E+07 5.45E+07 0 0 5.45E+07 0 0 9 22 5.38E+07 5.38E+07 0 0 5.38E+07 0 0 9 23 1.53E+07 1.53E+07 0 0 1.53E+07 0 0.00E+00 9 24 7.03E+08 5.82E+08 5.18E+07 0 5.82E+08 7.00E+07 0 9 25 6.04E+06 8.19E+07 0 0.00E+00 6.04E+06 0 7.58E+07 9 26 9.07E+07 1.56E+08 0 0 9.07E+07 0 6.54E+07 9 27 1.65E+08 1.69E+08 0 0 1.59E+08 6.51E+06 1.04E+07 9 28 4.04E+08 4.07E+08 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 4.04E+08 0 3.01E+06 9 29 7.44E+07 9.07E+07 0 0 7.44E+07 0 1.63E+07 9 30 5.14E+07 5.17E+07 0 0 5.14E+07 0 268331 9 31 1.07E+08 1.09E+08 0 0 1.07E+08 0 1826070 9 32 1.17E+09 1.15E+09 8.52E+07 0 1.07E+09 10670300 7.88E+07 9 33 1.37E+08 1.09E+08 0.00E+00 0 1.09E+08 2.87E+07 0 9 34 1.27E+08 1.24E+08 0 0 1.23E+08 4.17E+06 1.65E+06 9 35 4.30E+07 4.50E+07 0 0 4.30E+07 0 2.02E+06 9 36 1.03E+08 1.11E+08 0 0 1.03E+08 0 8.17E+06 9 37 4.34E+07 4.04E+07 0 0 4.04E+07 3.00E+06 0 9 38 1.03E+08 6.99E+07 0 0 6.79E+07 3.51E+07 2.04E+06 9 39 1.29E+08 1.22E+08 0 0 1.22E+08 6.57E+06 0 9 40 6.81E+07 6.82E+07 0 0 6.72E+07 866242 9.49E+05 9 41 2.61E+09 2.32E+09 0 0 2.31E+09 2.95E+08 12740600 9 42 7.83E+07 7.93E+07 0 0 7.83E+07 0 9.87E+05 9 43 5.59E+08 5.59E+08 0 0 5.59E+08 0.00E+00 0 9 44 4.11E+08 4.14E+08 0 2.97E+06 4.11E+08 0 0 9 45 1.54E+08 9.93E+07 4.82E+07 171142 9.91E+07 7.09E+06 0 9 46 3.58E+07 4.13E+07 0 0 3.58E+07 0.00E+00 5.49E+06 9 47 1.82E+08 1.96E+08 0 8.29E+06 1.82E+08 0 6.33E+06

199

Table A-23 (cont’d) Yea Region Demand Generated DC DC Local AC AC r (MWh) (MWh) Imports Exports Generation Imports Exports (MWh) (MWh) Used (MWh) (MWh) (MWh) 9 48 1.12E+08 1.15E+08 0 0 1.12E+08 0 2.88E+06 9 49 3.07E+07 2.98E+07 0 0 2.95E+07 1229330 306719 9 50 1.70E+08 1.48E+08 2.11E+07 0 1.48E+08 4.47E+05 0 9 51 3.68E+07 3.87E+07 0 0 3.68E+07 0 1889870 9 52 9.85E+07 9.85E+07 0 0 9.85E+07 0 17662.4 9 53 2.23E+09 1.81E+09 3.04E+08 0 1.81E+09 1.22E+08 3058060 9 54 3.50E+07 2.89E+07 0 0 2.89E+07 6.15E+06 0 9 55 1.65E+08 1.77E+08 8.66E+06 1.74E+07 1.51E+08 5.36E+06 8.28E+06 9 56 1.57E+07 1.57E+07 0 0 1.57E+07 26682.5 0 9 57 6.14E+08 6.18E+08 0 0 5.96E+08 1.73E+07 2.16E+07 9 58 5.05E+07 3.80E+07 0.00E+00 0 3.80E+07 1.25E+07 0 9 59 1.08E+07 1.19E+07 0 0 1.06E+07 280356 1.34E+06 9 60 1.73E+06 5.91E+06 0 4.13E+06 1.73E+06 0 43581.6 9 61 1.25E+08 1.07E+08 0 0 1.07E+08 1.76E+07 28782.7 9 62 7.19E+07 6.99E+07 0 0 6.99E+07 2.06E+06 0 9 63 1.47E+08 1.55E+08 0 0 1.47E+08 0 7.89E+06 9 64 3.19E+07 3.19E+07 0 0 3.19E+07 0 0.00E+00 9 65 1.63E+06 1.03E+06 1.08133E- 0 1.03E+06 601522 0 10 9 66 1.13E+08 1.01E+08 0 0 1.01E+08 1.18E+07 0 9 67 4.01E+07 3.28E+07 7.36E+06 0 3.28E+07 0 0 10 1 1.16E+08 2.66E+08 0 9.88E+07 1.16E+08 0 5.09E+07 10 2 7.07E+07 4.61E+07 0 0 4.08E+07 2.99E+07 5.22E+06 10 3 8.51E+07 7.40E+07 0 0 6.92E+07 1.59E+07 4797270 10 4 1.61E+08 1.92E+08 0 0 1.56E+08 4989580 3.58E+07 10 5 1.45E+08 1.49E+08 0 0 1.34E+08 1.07E+07 1.49E+07 10 6 1.76E+08 1.76E+08 - 0 1.76E+08 0.00E+00 0 3.50518E- 09 10 7 7.10E+07 2.80E+07 0 0 2.80E+07 4.30E+07 0 10 8 3.56E+07 3.15E+07 0 0 3.15E+07 4.10E+06 0 10 9 2.77E+08 2.76E+08 0 0 2.76E+08 5.60E+05 0 10 10 1.82E+09 1.73E+09 0 0 1.73E+09 8.66E+07 0 10 11 5.55E+07 5.96E+07 0.00E+00 4996530 5.46E+07 836600 0.00E+00 10 12 1.92E+07 5.53E+07 0 0 1.79E+07 1.27E+06 3.74E+07 10 13 3.57E+08 3.56E+08 0 0 3.56E+08 1589710 0 10 14 2.86E+08 2.89E+08 0.00E+00 0 2.85E+08 1007920 3.61E+06 10 15 3.99E+07 5.15E+07 1806030 1859100 3.81E+07 0 1.15E+07 10 16 2.46E+07 2.63E+07 0 0 2.46E+07 44480.6 1.70E+06 10 17 3.58E+08 7.37E+08 0 1.85E+08 3.58E+08 0.00E+00 1.93E+08 10 18 1.31E+09 1.52E+09 3.00E+07 2.36E+08 1.28E+09 0 0 10 19 2.17E+08 6.37E+08 0 4.97E+07 2.17E+08 0 3.70E+08 10 20 8.16E+08 8.09E+08 6.31E+06 0 8.09E+08 907347 0 10 21 5.69E+07 5.69E+07 0 0 5.69E+07 37519.2 0 10 22 5.54E+07 5.54E+07 0 0 5.54E+07 0 0 10 23 1.61E+07 3.38E+07 0 0 1.61E+07 0 1.77E+07 10 24 7.20E+08 6.12E+08 5.18E+07 0 6.12E+08 5.68E+07 0 10 25 6.11E+06 8.10E+07 0 0.00E+00 6.11E+06 0 7.49E+07 10 26 9.40E+07 1.59E+08 0 0 9.40E+07 0 6.50E+07

200

Table A-23 (cont’d) Yea Region Demand Generated DC DC Local AC AC r (MWh) (MWh) Imports Exports Generation Imports Exports (MWh) (MWh) Used (MWh) (MWh) (MWh) 10 27 1.72E+08 1.70E+08 0 0 1.61E+08 1.04E+07 8.91E+06 10 28 4.07E+08 4.09E+08 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 4.06E+08 1589290 3.01E+06 10 29 7.71E+07 9.84E+07 0 0 7.71E+07 0 2.13E+07 10 30 5.31E+07 5.66E+07 0 0 5.31E+07 0 3.49E+06 10 31 1.13E+08 1.24E+08 0 0 1.13E+08 0 1.10E+07 10 32 1.20E+09 1.17E+09 8.52E+07 0 1.11E+09 8.86E+06 6.39E+07 10 33 1.43E+08 1.19E+08 0.00E+00 0 1.19E+08 2.40E+07 0 10 34 1.29E+08 1.27E+08 0 0 1.27E+08 1818410 0 10 35 4.45E+07 4.58E+07 0 0 4.45E+07 0 1.35E+06 10 36 1.07E+08 1.15E+08 0 0 1.07E+08 0 7.71E+06 10 37 4.52E+07 4.23E+07 0 0 4.23E+07 2.86E+06 0 10 38 1.07E+08 7.00E+07 0 0 6.84E+07 3.91E+07 1580300 10 39 1.33E+08 1.28E+08 0 0 1.28E+08 5.54E+06 0 10 40 7.05E+07 6.92E+07 0 0 6.92E+07 1343350 0.00E+00 10 41 2.70E+09 2.36E+09 0 0 2.35E+09 3.47E+08 1.06E+07 10 42 8.24E+07 8.39E+07 0 0 8.24E+07 0 1.53E+06 10 43 5.85E+08 5.87E+08 0 0 5.85E+08 0 1442490 10 44 4.31E+08 4.37E+08 0 6.44E+06 4.31E+08 0 0 10 45 1.62E+08 9.93E+07 5.16E+07 0 9.93E+07 1.12E+07 0 10 46 3.72E+07 4.44E+07 8.39E-11 0 3.68E+07 407690 7.67E+06 10 47 1.88E+08 2.00E+08 0 8.29E+06 1.88E+08 0 4.52E+06 10 48 1.16E+08 1.20E+08 0 0 1.16E+08 0 4.40E+06 10 49 3.12E+07 3.02E+07 0 0 3.02E+07 9.48E+05 0 10 50 1.82E+08 1.60E+08 2.11E+07 0 1.60E+08 7.08E+05 0 10 51 3.79E+07 3.84E+07 0 0 3.79E+07 0 4.78E+05 10 52 1.03E+08 1.03E+08 0 0 1.03E+08 0 0 10 53 2.34E+09 1.87E+09 3.17E+08 0 1.87E+09 1.54E+08 0 10 54 3.69E+07 3.36E+07 2.60E+06 1393420 3.22E+07 2.08E+06 0.00E+00 10 55 1.74E+08 1.88E+08 1.67E+07 2.18E+07 1.54E+08 3.83E+06 1.21E+07 10 56 1.60E+07 1.61E+07 898994 847030 1.51E+07 0 1.41E+05 10 57 6.18E+08 6.01E+08 0 0 5.92E+08 2.59E+07 9.54E+06 10 58 5.26E+07 3.72E+07 0.00E+00 0 3.72E+07 1.54E+07 0 10 59 1.14E+07 1.32E+07 0 0 1.14E+07 0 1.84E+06 10 60 1.73E+06 5.91E+06 0 4.13E+06 1.73E+06 0 43581.6 10 61 1.32E+08 1.11E+08 0 0 1.11E+08 2.12E+07 0 10 62 7.43E+07 6.99E+07 0 0 6.99E+07 4.36E+06 0 10 63 1.54E+08 1.61E+08 0 0 1.54E+08 0 7.58E+06 10 64 3.34E+07 3.34E+07 0 0 3.34E+07 0 0.00E+00 10 65 1.63E+06 1.28E+06 0 0 1.28E+06 350945 0 10 66 1.14E+08 1.02E+08 0 0 1.02E+08 1.28E+07 0 10 67 4.13E+07 3.39E+07 7.36E+06 0 3.39E+07 0 0 11 1 1.23E+08 2.64E+08 0 9.88E+07 1.23E+08 0 4.25E+07 11 2 7.38E+07 4.86E+07 0 0 4.23E+07 3.15E+07 6.26E+06 11 3 8.85E+07 7.83E+07 0 0 7.39E+07 1.46E+07 4.45E+06 11 4 1.65E+08 1.90E+08 0 0 1.60E+08 5.47E+06 2.97E+07 11 5 1.49E+08 1.48E+08 0 0 1.42E+08 6.66E+06 5.95E+06 11 6 1.87E+08 1.87E+08 0 0 1.87E+08 0 0 11 7 7.35E+07 2.96E+07 0 0 2.88E+07 4.47E+07 868195 11 8 3.70E+07 3.45E+07 0 0 3.45E+07 2.50E+06 0

201

Table A-23 (cont’d) Yea Region Demand Generated DC DC Local AC AC r (MWh) (MWh) Imports Exports Generation Imports Exports (MWh) (MWh) Used (MWh) (MWh) (MWh) 11 9 2.82E+08 2.81E+08 0 0 2.78E+08 3.66E+06 2.79E+06 11 10 1.89E+09 1.76E+09 0 0 1.76E+09 1.24E+08 0 11 11 5.75E+07 7.35E+07 0 16012300 5.75E+07 0 0.00E+00 11 12 1.99E+07 5.50E+07 0 0 1.84E+07 1.53E+06 3.66E+07 11 13 3.70E+08 3.77E+08 0 0 3.70E+08 0 7.26E+06 11 14 2.94E+08 2.98E+08 1.12131E- 0 2.93E+08 4.19E+05 4.68E+06 10 11 15 4.21E+07 6.29E+07 2.20E+05 4651770 4.18E+07 0 1.64E+07 11 16 2.59E+07 2.72E+07 0 0 2.59E+07 0 1.27E+06 11 17 3.67E+08 6.68E+08 0 2.12E+08 3.67E+08 0.00E+00 8.90E+07 11 18 1.37E+09 1.57E+09 4.01E+07 2.42E+08 1.33E+09 0 0 11 19 2.24E+08 6.16E+08 0 4.97E+07 2.24E+08 0 3.42E+08 11 20 8.61E+08 8.53E+08 6.31E+06 0 8.53E+08 1697760 0 11 21 5.93E+07 5.78E+07 0 0 5.78E+07 1.54E+06 0 11 22 5.71E+07 5.72E+07 0 0 5.71E+07 0 102799 11 23 1.70E+07 3.60E+07 0 0 1.70E+07 0 1.90E+07 11 24 7.37E+08 6.17E+08 5.18E+07 0 6.17E+08 6.80E+07 0 11 25 6.17E+06 8.74E+07 0 0.00E+00 6.17E+06 0 8.13E+07 11 26 9.74E+07 1.77E+08 0 0 9.74E+07 0 8.00E+07 11 27 1.78E+08 1.60E+08 0 0 1.56E+08 2.15E+07 3.88E+06 11 28 4.10E+08 4.12E+08 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 4.09E+08 824672 3009410 11 29 7.99E+07 1.02E+08 0 0 7.99E+07 0 2.18E+07 11 30 5.48E+07 6.17E+07 0 0 5.48E+07 0 6.87E+06 11 31 1.18E+08 1.38E+08 0 0 1.18E+08 0 1.96E+07 11 32 1.23E+09 1.22E+09 8.52E+07 0 1.15E+09 0.00E+00 7.65E+07 11 33 1.48E+08 1.25E+08 0.00E+00 0 1.25E+08 2.23E+07 0 11 34 1.30E+08 1.34E+08 0 0 1.30E+08 407016 3.59E+06 11 35 4.60E+07 4.68E+07 0 0 4.60E+07 0 825229 11 36 1.12E+08 1.18E+08 0 0 1.12E+08 472203 5.75E+06 11 37 4.70E+07 4.39E+07 0 0 4.39E+07 3.15E+06 0 11 38 1.12E+08 7.32E+07 0 0 7.32E+07 3.88E+07 0 11 39 1.38E+08 1.32E+08 0 0 1.32E+08 6.07E+06 0 11 40 7.30E+07 7.33E+07 0 0 7.25E+07 513357 787324 11 41 2.79E+09 2.47E+09 0 0 2.47E+09 3.21E+08 0.00E+00 11 42 8.64E+07 8.73E+07 0 0 8.54E+07 1.08E+06 1910890 11 43 6.12E+08 6.14E+08 0 0 6.12E+08 0 2699070 11 44 4.51E+08 4.57E+08 0 6.44E+06 4.51E+08 0 0 11 45 1.70E+08 1.08E+08 5.45E+07 0 1.08E+08 7.67E+06 0 11 46 3.86E+07 4.38E+07 5.41E+05 187712 3.79E+07 127654 5.68E+06 11 47 1.94E+08 2.02E+08 0 8.29E+06 1.94E+08 0 0 11 48 1.19E+08 1.22E+08 0 0 1.19E+08 329910 3.11E+06 11 49 3.16E+07 3.31E+07 0 0 3.16E+07 0 1486070 11 50 1.94E+08 1.72E+08 2.11E+07 0 1.72E+08 417029 0 11 51 3.90E+07 4.03E+07 0 0 3.90E+07 0 1.37E+06 11 52 1.08E+08 1.21E+08 0 0 1.08E+08 0 1.24E+07 11 53 2.45E+09 2.00E+09 3.43E+08 0 2.00E+09 1.10E+08 0 11 54 3.87E+07 3.57E+07 4.48E+06 2513270 3.32E+07 1.02E+06 0.00E+00 11 55 1.83E+08 1.90E+08 1.85E+07 1.71E+07 1.64E+08 703234 8.95E+06 11 56 1.62E+07 1.70E+07 1.02E+06 847030 1.52E+07 0 9.21E+05

202

Table A-23 (cont’d) Yea Region Demand Generated DC DC Local AC AC r (MWh) (MWh) Imports Exports Generation Imports Exports (MWh) (MWh) Used (MWh) (MWh) (MWh) 11 57 6.22E+08 6.55E+08 0 0 6.10E+08 1.22E+07 4.54E+07 11 58 5.47E+07 3.63E+07 0.00E+00 0 3.63E+07 1.84E+07 0 11 59 1.19E+07 1.67E+07 0 0 1.19E+07 0 4.74E+06 11 60 1.73E+06 5.91E+06 0 4.13E+06 1.73E+06 0 43581.6 11 61 1.40E+08 1.11E+08 0 0 1.11E+08 2.88E+07 538514 11 62 7.67E+07 6.99E+07 0 0 6.99E+07 6.75E+06 0 11 63 1.60E+08 1.67E+08 0 0 1.60E+08 0 7.18E+06 11 64 3.50E+07 4.59E+07 0 0 3.50E+07 0 1.09E+07 11 65 1.63E+06 1.28E+06 0 0 1.28E+06 350945 0 11 66 1.16E+08 1.07E+08 0 0 1.07E+08 9.26E+06 232193 11 67 4.25E+07 3.51E+07 7.36E+06 0 3.51E+07 0 0 12 1 1.29E+08 2.76E+08 0 9.88E+07 1.29E+08 0 4.78E+07 12 2 7.70E+07 4.86E+07 1.14087E- 0 4.35E+07 3.35E+07 5.08E+06 10 12 3 9.18E+07 8.02E+07 0 0 7.96E+07 1.22E+07 532282 12 4 1.70E+08 1.95E+08 0 0 1.68E+08 2.53E+06 2.73E+07 12 5 1.53E+08 1.50E+08 0 0 1.48E+08 5.66E+06 2.76E+06 12 6 1.99E+08 2.04E+08 0 0 1.99E+08 0 5353930 12 7 7.60E+07 3.37E+07 0 0 3.25E+07 4.35E+07 1252020 12 8 3.84E+07 3.62E+07 0 0 3.62E+07 2.22E+06 0 12 9 2.87E+08 2.89E+08 0 0 2.84E+08 2421540 4.34E+06 12 10 1.95E+09 1.83E+09 0 0 1.83E+09 1.23E+08 0 12 11 5.94E+07 8.73E+07 0 2.79E+07 5.94E+07 0 0 12 12 2.06E+07 5.45E+07 0 0 1.96E+07 1.02E+06 3.49E+07 12 13 3.83E+08 3.99E+08 0 0 3.83E+08 0 1.57E+07 12 14 3.01E+08 3.00E+08 0 0 2.98E+08 3.05E+06 2.35E+06 12 15 4.42E+07 6.75E+07 0 7.19E+06 4.42E+07 0 1.61E+07 12 16 2.72E+07 2.85E+07 0 0 2.72E+07 0 1311710 12 17 3.75E+08 7.68E+08 0 2.37E+08 3.75E+08 0.00E+00 1.55E+08 12 18 1.43E+09 1.63E+09 4.79E+07 2.48E+08 1.38E+09 0 0 12 19 2.31E+08 7.90E+08 0 4.97E+07 2.31E+08 0 5.10E+08 12 20 9.06E+08 8.94E+08 6.85E+06 0 8.94E+08 4882080 0 12 21 6.17E+07 6.04E+07 0 0 6.04E+07 1.32E+06 0 12 22 5.87E+07 5.87E+07 0 0 5.87E+07 0 0 12 23 1.79E+07 3.69E+07 0 0 1.79E+07 0 1.90E+07 12 24 7.54E+08 6.31E+08 5.18E+07 0 6.31E+08 7.11E+07 0 12 25 6.23E+06 8.72E+07 0 0.00E+00 6.23E+06 0 8.10E+07 12 26 1.01E+08 1.88E+08 0 0 1.01E+08 0 8.74E+07 12 27 1.84E+08 1.67E+08 0 0 1.56E+08 2.85E+07 1.09E+07 12 28 4.13E+08 4.09E+08 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 4.06E+08 6444180 3.01E+06 12 29 8.26E+07 1.00E+08 0 0 8.26E+07 0 1.78E+07 12 30 5.66E+07 6.25E+07 0 0 5.66E+07 0 5.91E+06 12 31 1.24E+08 1.35E+08 0 0 1.24E+08 0 1.09E+07 12 32 1.26E+09 1.26E+09 8.52E+07 0 1.18E+09 0.00E+00 8.01E+07 12 33 1.53E+08 1.38E+08 0.00E+00 0 1.38E+08 1.46E+07 0 12 34 1.32E+08 1.46E+08 0 0 1.31E+08 1172620 1.52E+07 12 35 4.75E+07 4.70E+07 0 0 4.51E+07 2.34E+06 1832120 12 36 1.17E+08 1.20E+08 0 0 1.15E+08 2003010 5.37E+06 12 37 4.88E+07 4.53E+07 0 0 4.53E+07 3.48E+06 0

203

Table A-23 (cont’d) Yea Region Demand Generated DC DC Local AC AC r (MWh) (MWh) Imports Exports Generation Imports Exports (MWh) (MWh) Used (MWh) (MWh) (MWh) 12 38 1.16E+08 7.16E+07 0 0 6.96E+07 4.68E+07 1919270 12 39 1.42E+08 1.34E+08 0 0 1.34E+08 8.08E+06 0 12 40 7.54E+07 7.55E+07 0 0 7.52E+07 266543 324039 12 41 2.88E+09 2.40E+09 0 0 2.40E+09 4.78E+08 0.00E+00 12 42 9.05E+07 8.84E+07 0 0 8.84E+07 2.14E+06 0 12 43 6.38E+08 6.46E+08 0 0 6.38E+08 0 7761440 12 44 4.71E+08 4.78E+08 0 6.99E+06 4.71E+08 0 0 12 45 1.77E+08 1.16E+08 5.64E+07 0 1.16E+08 5.61E+06 0 12 46 4.00E+07 4.61E+07 5.41E+05 187712 3.89E+07 503801 7.00E+06 12 47 2.00E+08 2.09E+08 0 8.29E+06 2.00E+08 0 901599 12 48 1.23E+08 1.26E+08 0 0 1.23E+08 0.00E+00 3.16E+06 12 49 3.21E+07 3.35E+07 0 0 3.21E+07 0 1.46E+06 12 50 2.06E+08 1.85E+08 2.00E+07 0 1.85E+08 968589 0 12 51 4.01E+07 4.12E+07 0 0 4.01E+07 0 1.10E+06 12 52 1.13E+08 1.30E+08 0 0 1.13E+08 0 1.71E+07 12 53 2.56E+09 2.01E+09 3.68E+08 0 2.01E+09 1.89E+08 0 12 54 4.06E+07 3.55E+07 6.02E+06 2.51E+06 3.30E+07 1.54E+06 0.00E+00 12 55 1.92E+08 1.87E+08 2.11E+07 1.08E+07 1.70E+08 763586 6.55E+06 12 56 1.65E+07 1.55E+07 1.82E+06 847030 1.47E+07 0 0.00E+00 12 57 6.26E+08 6.82E+08 0 0 6.09E+08 1.69E+07 7.30E+07 12 58 5.68E+07 3.84E+07 0.00E+00 0 3.84E+07 1.84E+07 0 12 59 1.25E+07 1.25E+07 0 0 1.25E+07 0 0.00E+00 12 60 1.73E+06 5.91E+06 0 4.13E+06 1.73E+06 0 43581.6 12 61 1.47E+08 1.19E+08 0 0 1.17E+08 3.04E+07 2284290 12 62 7.90E+07 7.23E+07 0 0 7.23E+07 6.71E+06 0 12 63 1.66E+08 1.74E+08 0 0 1.66E+08 0 8.10E+06 12 64 3.65E+07 4.73E+07 0 0 3.65E+07 0 10846600 12 65 1.63E+06 4.14E+06 0 0 1.56E+06 69984.4 2.58E+06 12 66 1.18E+08 1.11E+08 0 0 1.07E+08 1.07E+07 3792560 12 67 4.36E+07 3.63E+07 7.36E+06 0 3.63E+07 0 0 13 1 1.35E+08 2.83E+08 0 9.88E+07 1.35E+08 0 4.90E+07 13 2 8.01E+07 5.05E+07 0 0 4.85E+07 3.16E+07 1.94E+06 13 3 9.52E+07 8.40E+07 0 0 8.40E+07 1.13E+07 0 13 4 1.75E+08 1.88E+08 0 0 1.72E+08 3.15E+06 1.68E+07 13 5 1.57E+08 1.59E+08 0 0 1.56E+08 1.74E+06 3.42E+06 13 6 2.10E+08 2.24E+08 0 0 2.10E+08 0 1.37E+07 13 7 7.84E+07 3.08E+07 0 0 2.82E+07 5.02E+07 2521450 13 8 3.98E+07 3.66E+07 0 0 3.66E+07 3.23E+06 0 13 9 2.92E+08 3.07E+08 0 0 2.92E+08 0.00E+00 1.49E+07 13 10 2.02E+09 1.90E+09 0 0 1.90E+09 1.24E+08 0 13 11 6.14E+07 1.01E+08 0 3.97E+07 6.14E+07 0 0 13 12 2.13E+07 5.25E+07 0 0 2.02E+07 1.16E+06 3.23E+07 13 13 3.96E+08 4.20E+08 0 0 3.96E+08 0 2.42E+07 13 14 3.08E+08 3.06E+08 0 0 3.01E+08 7.70E+06 4.82E+06 13 15 4.63E+07 7.27E+07 0 7.68E+06 4.63E+07 0 1.87E+07 13 16 2.84E+07 3.03E+07 0 0 2.84E+07 38658.3 1.97E+06 13 17 3.83E+08 7.43E+08 0 2.39E+08 3.83E+08 0 1.21E+08 13 18 1.49E+09 1.69E+09 5.50E+07 2.53E+08 1.43E+09 0 0 13 19 2.38E+08 7.68E+08 0.00E+00 4.97E+07 2.34E+08 4.02E+06 4.85E+08

204

Table A-23 (cont’d) Yea Region Demand Generated DC DC Local AC AC r (MWh) (MWh) Imports Exports Generation Imports Exports (MWh) (MWh) Used (MWh) (MWh) (MWh) 13 20 9.51E+08 9.37E+08 1.31E+07 0 9.37E+08 902283 0 13 21 6.41E+07 6.41E+07 0 0 6.41E+07 0 0 13 22 6.03E+07 5.90E+07 0 0 5.90E+07 1280890 0 13 23 1.87E+07 3.64E+07 0 0 1.87E+07 0 1.77E+07 13 24 7.71E+08 6.53E+08 5.18E+07 0 6.50E+08 6.89E+07 2481180 13 25 6.29E+06 9.33E+07 0 0.00E+00 6.29E+06 0 8.71E+07 13 26 1.04E+08 1.90E+08 0 0 1.04E+08 246681 8.63E+07 13 27 1.90E+08 1.82E+08 1.11299E- 0 1.55E+08 3.57E+07 2.68E+07 10 13 28 4.15E+08 4.18E+08 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 4.09E+08 6711340 9.55E+06 13 29 8.53E+07 1.03E+08 0 0 8.53E+07 0 1.77E+07 13 30 5.83E+07 6.65E+07 0 0 5.78E+07 537926 8.76E+06 13 31 1.30E+08 1.32E+08 0 0 1.30E+08 0 2.94E+06 13 32 1.29E+09 1.28E+09 8.52E+07 0 1.20E+09 3547040 7.76E+07 13 33 1.58E+08 1.48E+08 0.00E+00 0 1.45E+08 1.27E+07 2256840 13 34 1.34E+08 1.52E+08 0 0 1.32E+08 1.65E+06 1.97E+07 13 35 4.90E+07 4.83E+07 0 0 4.22E+07 6.82E+06 6.09E+06 13 36 1.22E+08 1.28E+08 0 0 1.18E+08 3.55E+06 9.94E+06 13 37 5.06E+07 4.67E+07 0 0 4.67E+07 3.95E+06 0 13 38 1.21E+08 7.17E+07 0 0 6.91E+07 5.19E+07 2.59E+06 13 39 1.47E+08 1.38E+08 0 0 1.38E+08 9.06E+06 0 13 40 7.79E+07 7.56E+07 0.00E+00 0 7.56E+07 2.30E+06 0 13 41 2.97E+09 2.51E+09 0 0 2.51E+09 4.55E+08 0 13 42 9.46E+07 8.89E+07 0 0 8.89E+07 5.72E+06 0 13 43 6.65E+08 6.66E+08 0 0 6.65E+08 0 1434440 13 44 4.91E+08 5.04E+08 0 1.33E+07 4.91E+08 0 0 13 45 1.85E+08 1.24E+08 5.80E+07 0 1.24E+08 3.12E+06 0 13 46 4.14E+07 4.54E+07 5.41E+05 187712 3.97E+07 1154610 5.52E+06 13 47 2.06E+08 2.14E+08 0 8.29E+06 2.06E+08 0 0 13 48 1.27E+08 1.26E+08 0 0 1.25E+08 1.99E+06 1.25E+06 13 49 3.25E+07 3.46E+07 0 0.00E+00 3.25E+07 0 2.12E+06 13 50 2.18E+08 2.01E+08 1.78E+07 0 2.00E+08 0 4.33E+05 13 51 4.11E+07 4.20E+07 0 0 4.11E+07 0 841125 13 52 1.18E+08 1.37E+08 0 0 1.18E+08 0 1.95E+07 13 53 2.67E+09 2.16E+09 3.69E+08 0 2.16E+09 1.43E+08 0 13 54 4.24E+07 3.67E+07 6.42E+06 2.51E+06 3.39E+07 2.06E+06 302622 13 55 2.01E+08 1.83E+08 2.62E+07 5.73E+06 1.74E+08 1046550 3.64E+06 13 56 1.68E+07 1.76E+07 2.43E+06 847030 1.43E+07 0 2.43E+06 13 57 6.30E+08 6.54E+08 0 0 6.04E+08 2.54E+07 4.95E+07 13 58 5.90E+07 3.93E+07 0.00E+00 0 3.93E+07 1.97E+07 0 13 59 1.30E+07 1.78E+07 0 0 1.30E+07 0 4.74E+06 13 60 1.73E+06 5.91E+06 0 4.13E+06 1.73E+06 0 43581.6 13 61 1.54E+08 1.20E+08 0 0 1.16E+08 3.82E+07 4.05E+06 13 62 8.14E+07 7.42E+07 0 0 7.15E+07 9.88E+06 2.63E+06 13 63 1.73E+08 1.78E+08 0 0 1.73E+08 0 5.51E+06 13 64 3.80E+07 4.83E+07 0 0 3.80E+07 0 1.03E+07 13 65 1.63E+06 9.13E+06 0 0 1.63E+06 0 7.50E+06 13 66 1.20E+08 1.14E+08 0 0 1.10E+08 9.25E+06 3196920 13 67 4.48E+07 3.74E+07 7.36E+06 0 3.74E+07 0 0

205

Table A-23 (cont’d) Yea Region Demand Generated DC DC Local AC AC r (MWh) (MWh) Imports Exports Generation Imports Exports (MWh) (MWh) Used (MWh) (MWh) (MWh) 14 1 1.41E+08 3.05E+08 0 9.88E+07 1.41E+08 0 6.43E+07 14 2 8.33E+07 5.38E+07 0 0 5.38E+07 2.95E+07 0 14 3 9.86E+07 8.68E+07 0 0 8.10E+07 1.77E+07 5834250 14 4 1.80E+08 1.95E+08 0 0 1.79E+08 234148 1.53E+07 14 5 1.62E+08 1.66E+08 0 0 1.61E+08 1122940 5.79E+06 14 6 2.21E+08 2.35E+08 0 0 2.21E+08 0.00E+00 1.37E+07 14 7 8.09E+07 3.58E+07 0 0 3.49E+07 4.61E+07 961712 14 8 4.12E+07 3.63E+07 0 0 3.63E+07 4.89E+06 0 14 9 2.97E+08 3.29E+08 0 0 2.97E+08 0 3.27E+07 14 10 2.09E+09 1.91E+09 191648 0 1.91E+09 1.79E+08 0 14 11 6.34E+07 1.21E+08 0 5.74E+07 6.34E+07 0 0 14 12 2.21E+07 5.55E+07 0 0 2.21E+07 0 3.34E+07 14 13 4.09E+08 4.41E+08 0 0 4.09E+08 0 3.25E+07 14 14 3.16E+08 3.13E+08 0 0 3.07E+08 9.14E+06 5.72E+06 14 15 4.84E+07 7.94E+07 0 8.18E+06 4.84E+07 0 2.28E+07 14 16 2.97E+07 3.06E+07 0 0 2.93E+07 404534 1.35E+06 14 17 3.91E+08 8.28E+08 0 2.43E+08 3.87E+08 3912070 1.98E+08 14 18 1.55E+09 1.74E+09 6.77E+07 2.58E+08 1.48E+09 0 0 14 19 2.44E+08 7.66E+08 0 4.97E+07 2.32E+08 1.23E+07 4.84E+08 14 20 9.96E+08 9.79E+08 1.62E+07 0 9.79E+08 0 0 14 21 6.65E+07 6.65E+07 0 0 6.65E+07 0 0 14 22 6.19E+07 6.06E+07 0 0 5.82E+07 3.68E+06 2.32E+06 14 23 1.96E+07 5.42E+07 0 0 1.96E+07 0 3.46E+07 14 24 7.88E+08 6.59E+08 5.18E+07 0 6.59E+08 7.74E+07 48204.1 14 25 6.35E+06 9.48E+07 0 0.00E+00 6.35E+06 0 8.85E+07 14 26 1.07E+08 2.07E+08 0 195559 1.07E+08 0 9.94E+07 14 27 1.97E+08 1.77E+08 0 0 1.51E+08 4.53E+07 2.53E+07 14 28 4.18E+08 4.22E+08 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 4.07E+08 11299100 1.49E+07 14 29 8.81E+07 1.12E+08 0 0 8.81E+07 0 2.36E+07 14 30 6.00E+07 6.61E+07 0 0 6.00E+07 0 6.04E+06 14 31 1.35E+08 1.67E+08 0 0 1.35E+08 0 3.15E+07 14 32 1.32E+09 1.33E+09 8.52E+07 0 1.24E+09 42828.7 8.71E+07 14 33 1.63E+08 1.57E+08 0.00E+00 0 1.54E+08 9.09E+06 3009410 14 34 1.36E+08 1.55E+08 0 0 1.26E+08 1.01E+07 2.90E+07 14 35 5.05E+07 4.79E+07 0 0 4.40E+07 6.45E+06 3.85E+06 14 36 1.27E+08 1.30E+08 0 0 1.22E+08 5.10E+06 7.96E+06 14 37 5.24E+07 4.59E+07 0 0 4.59E+07 6.56E+06 0 14 38 1.25E+08 7.16E+07 0 0 6.73E+07 5.82E+07 4.34E+06 14 39 1.52E+08 1.41E+08 0 0 1.41E+08 1.10E+07 0 14 40 8.03E+07 7.04E+07 7.74E+06 2.63E+06 6.67E+07 5.83E+06 1.00E+06 14 41 3.06E+09 2.60E+09 0 0 2.60E+09 4.55E+08 0 14 42 9.86E+07 8.99E+07 0 0 8.99E+07 8.75E+06 0 14 43 6.91E+08 6.91E+08 1.08745E- 0 6.91E+08 0 0 10 14 44 5.11E+08 5.28E+08 0 1.66E+07 5.11E+08 0 0 14 45 1.93E+08 1.36E+08 5.29E+07 0 1.35E+08 5.37E+06 1179160 14 46 4.28E+07 4.61E+07 5.41E+05 0 3.98E+07 2.41E+06 6.27E+06 14 47 2.12E+08 2.19E+08 0 8.29E+06 2.11E+08 1787520 0 14 48 1.31E+08 1.29E+08 0 0 1.26E+08 4.13E+06 2.81E+06

206

Table A-23 (cont’d) Yea Region Demand Generated DC DC Local AC AC r (MWh) (MWh) Imports Exports Generation Imports Exports (MWh) (MWh) Used (MWh) (MWh) (MWh) 14 49 3.29E+07 3.49E+07 2.58E+06 7.90E+06 2.70E+07 3.38E+06 8.42E+03 14 50 2.30E+08 2.16E+08 2.11E+07 0 2.08E+08 835692 7.84E+06 14 51 4.22E+07 4.22E+07 0 0 3.98E+07 2.41E+06 2.39E+06 14 52 1.23E+08 1.23E+08 0 0 1.23E+08 0 0.00E+00 14 53 2.78E+09 2.17E+09 3.73E+08 0 2.17E+09 2.44E+08 0 14 54 4.42E+07 4.19E+07 6.81E+06 2.51E+06 3.48E+07 2.59E+06 4.54E+06 14 55 2.10E+08 1.85E+08 3.26E+07 7.53E+05 1.76E+08 9.80E+05 8.38E+06 14 56 1.70E+07 1.71E+07 2.43E+06 847030 1.46E+07 0 1.67E+06 14 57 6.34E+08 7.22E+08 0 0 6.06E+08 2.78E+07 1.16E+08 14 58 6.11E+07 4.27E+07 0.00E+00 0 4.27E+07 1.84E+07 0 14 59 1.36E+07 1.55E+07 0 0 1.36E+07 0 1.98E+06 14 60 1.73E+06 5.91E+06 0 4.13E+06 1.73E+06 0 43581.6 14 61 1.62E+08 1.24E+08 0 0 1.19E+08 4.30E+07 5821720 14 62 8.38E+07 7.58E+07 0 0 7.35E+07 1.03E+07 2.31E+06 14 63 1.79E+08 1.82E+08 0 0 1.76E+08 2948900 6.25E+06 14 64 3.95E+07 4.74E+07 0 0 3.60E+07 3426490 1.14E+07 14 65 1.63E+06 1.12E+07 0 0 1.63E+06 0 9.52E+06 14 66 1.21E+08 1.13E+08 0 0 1.09E+08 1.24E+07 3792560 14 67 4.59E+07 3.86E+07 7.36E+06 0 3.86E+07 0 0 15 1 1.48E+08 3.30E+08 0 9.88E+07 1.48E+08 0 8.38E+07 15 2 8.64E+07 5.63E+07 1.14087E- 0 5.63E+07 3.02E+07 0 10 15 3 1.02E+08 8.66E+07 0 0 8.28E+07 1.92E+07 3783540 15 4 1.84E+08 1.79E+08 0 0 1.79E+08 5.63E+06 3.64E+05 15 5 1.66E+08 1.72E+08 0 0 1.58E+08 7.71E+06 1.35E+07 15 6 2.33E+08 2.42E+08 0 0 2.33E+08 0 9645420 15 7 8.34E+07 4.48E+07 0 0 3.91E+07 4.43E+07 5688850 15 8 4.26E+07 3.76E+07 0 0 3.45E+07 8.15E+06 3.16E+06 15 9 3.02E+08 3.98E+08 0 0 3.02E+08 0 9.63E+07 15 10 2.15E+09 1.98E+09 9.02E+06 0 1.98E+09 1.62E+08 0 15 11 6.53E+07 1.30E+08 0 6.50E+07 6.53E+07 0 0 15 12 2.28E+07 5.33E+07 0 0 2.28E+07 0 3.05E+07 15 13 4.22E+08 4.63E+08 0 0 4.22E+08 0 4.12E+07 15 14 3.23E+08 3.13E+08 0 0 3.05E+08 1.80E+07 7.27E+06 15 15 5.06E+07 8.41E+07 0 1.00E+07 5.06E+07 0 2.35E+07 15 16 3.09E+07 3.03E+07 0 0 2.96E+07 1.37E+06 733570 15 17 4.00E+08 7.85E+08 0 2.43E+08 3.93E+08 6.93E+06 1.50E+08 15 18 1.60E+09 1.79E+09 7.64E+07 2.57E+08 1.53E+09 0 0 15 19 2.51E+08 8.51E+08 0 4.40E+07 2.39E+08 1.23E+07 5.68E+08 15 20 1.04E+09 1.02E+09 1.85E+07 0 1.02E+09 0 0 15 21 6.89E+07 6.89E+07 0 0 6.89E+07 0 0 15 22 6.35E+07 5.81E+07 0 0 5.73E+07 6.21E+06 7.88E+05 15 23 2.04E+07 5.43E+07 0 0 2.04E+07 0 3.39E+07 15 24 8.05E+08 6.79E+08 4.63E+07 0 6.79E+08 7.95E+07 3115.08 15 25 6.41E+06 9.56E+07 0 0.00E+00 6.41E+06 0 8.92E+07 15 26 1.11E+08 2.17E+08 0 9.20E+06 1.03E+08 7.70E+06 1.04E+08 15 27 2.03E+08 2.08E+08 0 0 1.48E+08 5.49E+07 5.99E+07 15 28 4.21E+08 4.27E+08 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 4.07E+08 1.41E+07 1.98E+07 15 29 9.08E+07 1.15E+08 0 0 9.08E+07 0 2.46E+07

207

Table A-23 (cont’d) Yea Region Demand Generated DC DC Local AC AC r (MWh) (MWh) Imports Exports Generation Imports Exports (MWh) (MWh) Used (MWh) (MWh) (MWh) 15 30 6.18E+07 6.61E+07 0 0 6.10E+07 801097 5.10E+06 15 31 1.41E+08 1.51E+08 0 0 1.37E+08 3.66E+06 1.43E+07 15 32 1.35E+09 1.36E+09 8.52E+07 0 1.27E+09 2767.71 8.94E+07 15 33 1.68E+08 1.59E+08 0.00E+00 0 1.56E+08 1.26E+07 3.01E+06 15 34 1.38E+08 1.60E+08 0 0 1.22E+08 1.58E+07 3.79E+07 15 35 5.20E+07 4.84E+07 0 0 4.55E+07 6.44E+06 2.85E+06 15 36 1.32E+08 1.35E+08 0 0 1.27E+08 4.63E+06 8.20E+06 15 37 5.43E+07 4.65E+07 0 0 4.65E+07 7.79E+06 0 15 38 1.30E+08 7.12E+07 0 0 6.39E+07 6.60E+07 7.22E+06 15 39 1.56E+08 1.40E+08 0 0 1.29E+08 2.69E+07 1.05E+07 15 40 8.27E+07 7.12E+07 7.74E+06 2.63E+06 6.67E+07 8.31E+06 1910350 15 41 3.15E+09 2.61E+09 0 0 2.61E+09 5.35E+08 0 15 42 1.03E+08 9.15E+07 0 0 9.15E+07 1.13E+07 0 15 43 7.18E+08 7.18E+08 0 0 7.18E+08 0 0 15 44 5.31E+08 5.50E+08 0 1.89E+07 5.31E+08 0 0 15 45 2.01E+08 1.38E+08 4.82E+07 0 1.38E+08 1.46E+07 4.55E+05 15 46 4.42E+07 4.51E+07 5.41E+05 187712 3.92E+07 4.46E+06 5.69E+06 15 47 2.18E+08 2.25E+08 0 8.29E+06 2.17E+08 1.33E+06 0 15 48 1.34E+08 1.37E+08 0 0 1.30E+08 4.40E+06 6.77E+06 15 49 3.34E+07 4.14E+07 2.58E+06 7.90E+06 2.41E+07 6.70E+06 9.37E+06 15 50 2.42E+08 2.23E+08 1.78E+07 0 2.23E+08 835692 0 15 51 4.33E+07 4.42E+07 0 0 4.01E+07 3.23E+06 4108610 15 52 1.28E+08 1.48E+08 0 0 1.28E+08 0 2.05E+07 15 53 2.89E+09 2.27E+09 3.73E+08 0 2.27E+09 2.45E+08 0 15 54 4.61E+07 4.69E+07 7.21E+06 2.51E+06 3.57E+07 3.15E+06 8.68E+06 15 55 2.18E+08 1.88E+08 3.91E+07 0 1.78E+08 912684 9.48E+06 15 56 1.73E+07 1.77E+07 2.43E+06 847030 1.49E+07 0 2.02E+06 15 57 6.38E+08 7.38E+08 0 0 5.97E+08 4.04E+07 1.41E+08 15 58 6.32E+07 4.33E+07 0.00E+00 0 4.33E+07 1.99E+07 0 15 59 1.41E+07 2.13E+07 0 0 1.41E+07 0 7.19E+06 15 60 1.73E+06 6.07E+06 0 4.13E+06 1.73E+06 0 205164 15 61 1.69E+08 1.30E+08 0 0 1.30E+08 3.93E+07 0 15 62 8.61E+07 7.41E+07 0 0 7.24E+07 1.37E+07 1.67E+06 15 63 1.85E+08 1.90E+08 0 0 1.82E+08 2.99E+06 7.56E+06 15 64 4.10E+07 3.89E+07 0 0 3.89E+07 2.09E+06 0.00E+00 15 65 1.63E+06 2.40E+07 0 0 1.63E+06 0 2.24E+07 15 66 1.23E+08 1.13E+08 0 0 1.09E+08 1.40E+07 4.18E+06 15 67 4.71E+07 3.97E+07 7.36E+06 0 3.97E+07 0 0

208

Table A-24. Annual Renewable Energy Usage (Scenario 1) Year Region Renewable Energy Solar Energy Usage (%) Usage (%) 1 1 1% 0% 1 2 2% 0% 1 3 15% 0% 1 4 0% 0% 1 5 0% 0% 1 6 0% 0% 1 7 1% 0% 1 8 2% 0% 1 9 45% 0% 1 10 1% 0% 1 11 0% 0% 1 12 0% 0% 1 13 0% 0% 1 14 0% 0% 1 15 0% 0% 1 16 1% 0% 1 17 0% 0% 1 18 4% 0% 1 19 0% 0% 1 20 0% 0% 1 21 0% 0% 1 22 46% 0% 1 23 16% 0% 1 24 24% 0% 1 25 0% 0% 1 26 0% 0% 1 27 0% 0% 1 28 1% 0% 1 29 5% 0% 1 30 0% 0% 1 31 0% 0% 1 32 6% 0% 1 33 0% 0% 1 34 0% 0% 1 35 0% 0% 1 36 3% 0% 1 37 0% 0% 1 38 3% 0% 1 39 1% 0% 1 40 2% 0% 1 41 0% 0% 1 42 0% 0% 1 43 0% 0% 1 44 0% 0% 1 45 4% 0% 1 46 0% 0% 1 47 2% 0% 1 48 30% 0% 1 49 15% 0%

209

Table A-24 (cont’d) Year Region Renewable Energy Solar Energy Usage (%) Usage (%) 1 50 0% 0% 1 51 0% 0% 1 52 0% 0% 1 53 0% 0% 1 54 0% 0% 1 55 5% 0% 1 56 6% 0% 1 57 0% 0% 1 58 1% 0% 1 59 11% 0% 1 60 0% 0% 1 61 1% 0% 1 62 1% 0% 1 63 0% 0% 1 64 22% 0% 1 65 18% 0% 1 66 3% 0% 1 67 0% 0% 2 1 1% 0% 2 2 3% 0% 2 3 22% 0% 2 4 0% 0% 2 5 0% 0% 2 6 0% 0% 2 7 1% 0% 2 8 3% 0% 2 9 19% 0% 2 10 2% 0% 2 11 0% 0% 2 12 77% 0% 2 13 0% 0% 2 14 0% 0% 2 15 0% 0% 2 16 14% 0% 2 17 0% 0% 2 18 4% 0% 2 19 0% 0% 2 20 0% 0% 2 21 0% 0% 2 22 20% 0% 2 23 15% 0% 2 24 22% 0% 2 25 0% 0% 2 26 0% 0% 2 27 0% 0% 2 28 1% 0% 2 29 4% 0% 2 30 7% 0% 2 31 0% 0% 2 32 8% 0% 2 33 1% 0%

210

Table A-24 (cont’d) Year Region Renewable Energy Solar Energy Usage (%) Usage (%) 2 34 1% 0% 2 35 1% 0% 2 36 5% 0% 2 37 1% 0% 2 38 2% 0% 2 39 1% 0% 2 40 1% 0% 2 41 0% 0% 2 42 0% 0% 2 43 0% 0% 2 44 0% 0% 2 45 4% 0% 2 46 1% 0% 2 47 2% 0% 2 48 2% 0% 2 49 6% 0% 2 50 1% 0% 2 51 0% 0% 2 52 0% 0% 2 53 0% 0% 2 54 0% 0% 2 55 30% 0% 2 56 42% 0% 2 57 0% 0% 2 58 0% 0% 2 59 5% 0% 2 60 0% 0% 2 61 11% 0% 2 62 5% 0% 2 63 17% 0% 2 64 23% 0% 2 65 16% 0% 2 66 2% 0% 2 67 0% 0% 3 1 0% 0% 3 2 29% 0% 3 3 19% 0% 3 4 0% 0% 3 5 0% 0% 3 6 0% 0% 3 7 1% 0% 3 8 6% 0% 3 9 7% 0% 3 10 3% 0% 3 11 0% 0% 3 12 48% 0% 3 13 0% 0% 3 14 0% 0% 3 15 0% 0% 3 16 0% 0% 3 17 0% 0%

211

Table A-24 (cont’d) Year Region Renewable Energy Solar Energy Usage (%) Usage (%) 3 18 4% 0% 3 19 0% 0% 3 20 0% 0% 3 21 0% 0% 3 22 17% 0% 3 23 17% 0% 3 24 23% 0% 3 25 2% 0% 3 26 0% 0% 3 27 0% 0% 3 28 2% 0% 3 29 12% 0% 3 30 6% 0% 3 31 0% 0% 3 32 8% 0% 3 33 1% 0% 3 34 2% 0% 3 35 0% 0% 3 36 5% 0% 3 37 0% 0% 3 38 2% 0% 3 39 2% 0% 3 40 2% 0% 3 41 1% 0% 3 42 0% 0% 3 43 1% 0% 3 44 0% 0% 3 45 6% 0% 3 46 1% 0% 3 47 1% 0% 3 48 3% 0% 3 49 6% 0% 3 50 0% 0% 3 51 0% 0% 3 52 0% 0% 3 53 0% 0% 3 54 0% 0% 3 55 43% 0% 3 56 38% 0% 3 57 0% 0% 3 58 1% 0% 3 59 5% 0% 3 60 2% 0% 3 61 19% 0% 3 62 4% 0% 3 63 31% 0% 3 64 25% 0% 3 65 39% 0% 3 66 4% 0% 3 67 3% 0% 4 1 1% 0%

212

Table A-24 (cont’d) Year Region Renewable Energy Solar Energy Usage (%) Usage (%) 4 2 13% 0% 4 3 25% 0% 4 4 0% 0% 4 5 0% 0% 4 6 0% 0% 4 7 1% 0% 4 8 4% 0% 4 9 1% 0% 4 10 4% 0% 4 11 0% 0% 4 12 70% 0% 4 13 0% 0% 4 14 0% 0% 4 15 0% 0% 4 16 4% 0% 4 17 0% 0% 4 18 3% 0% 4 19 0% 0% 4 20 0% 0% 4 21 0% 0% 4 22 16% 0% 4 23 19% 0% 4 24 20% 0% 4 25 0% 0% 4 26 0% 0% 4 27 0% 0% 4 28 1% 0% 4 29 13% 0% 4 30 9% 0% 4 31 0% 0% 4 32 9% 0% 4 33 1% 0% 4 34 1% 0% 4 35 0% 0% 4 36 4% 0% 4 37 3% 0% 4 38 2% 0% 4 39 2% 0% 4 40 3% 0% 4 41 2% 0% 4 42 0% 0% 4 43 1% 0% 4 44 0% 0% 4 45 11% 0% 4 46 2% 0% 4 47 1% 0% 4 48 4% 0% 4 49 7% 0% 4 50 2% 0% 4 51 0% 0% 4 52 0% 0%

213

Table A-24 (cont’d) Year Region Renewable Energy Solar Energy Usage (%) Usage (%) 4 53 0% 0% 4 54 0% 0% 4 55 53% 0% 4 56 44% 0% 4 57 1% 0% 4 58 0% 0% 4 59 5% 0% 4 60 2% 0% 4 61 18% 0% 4 62 2% 0% 4 63 42% 0% 4 64 24% 0% 4 65 27% 0% 4 66 4% 0% 4 67 3% 0% 5 1 0% 0% 5 2 35% 0% 5 3 17% 0% 5 4 0% 0% 5 5 0% 0% 5 6 0% 0% 5 7 1% 0% 5 8 21% 0% 5 9 3% 0% 5 10 4% 0% 5 11 0% 0% 5 12 55% 0% 5 13 4% 0% 5 14 0% 0% 5 15 0% 0% 5 16 0% 0% 5 17 0% 0% 5 18 2% 0% 5 19 0% 0% 5 20 0% 0% 5 21 0% 0% 5 22 19% 0% 5 23 0% 0% 5 24 21% 0% 5 25 2% 0% 5 26 9% 0% 5 27 0% 0% 5 28 1% 0% 5 29 6% 0% 5 30 7% 0% 5 31 0% 0% 5 32 9% 0% 5 33 1% 0% 5 34 2% 0% 5 35 0% 0% 5 36 4% 0%

214

Table A-24 (cont’d) Year Region Renewable Energy Solar Energy Usage (%) Usage (%) 5 37 1% 0% 5 38 3% 0% 5 39 3% 0% 5 40 6% 0% 5 41 1% 0% 5 42 0% 0% 5 43 1% 0% 5 44 0% 0% 5 45 17% 0% 5 46 9% 0% 5 47 1% 0% 5 48 3% 0% 5 49 9% 0% 5 50 1% 0% 5 51 0% 0% 5 52 1% 0% 5 53 1% 0% 5 54 0% 0% 5 55 61% 0% 5 56 50% 0% 5 57 4% 0% 5 58 1% 0% 5 59 9% 0% 5 60 2% 0% 5 61 18% 0% 5 62 2% 0% 5 63 54% 0% 5 64 35% 0% 5 65 27% 0% 5 66 3% 0% 5 67 3% 0% 6 1 0% 0% 6 2 45% 0% 6 3 8% 0% 6 4 0% 0% 6 5 0% 0% 6 6 0% 0% 6 7 1% 0% 6 8 29% 0% 6 9 3% 0% 6 10 4% 0% 6 11 0% 0% 6 12 34% 0% 6 13 2% 0% 6 14 0% 0% 6 15 0% 0% 6 16 0% 0% 6 17 0% 0% 6 18 2% 0% 6 19 0% 0% 6 20 0% 0%

215

Table A-24 (cont’d) Year Region Renewable Energy Solar Energy Usage (%) Usage (%) 6 21 0% 0% 6 22 17% 0% 6 23 19% 0% 6 24 22% 0% 6 25 1% 0% 6 26 0% 0% 6 27 0% 0% 6 28 0% 0% 6 29 9% 0% 6 30 9% 0% 6 31 0% 0% 6 32 7% 0% 6 33 1% 0% 6 34 2% 0% 6 35 1% 0% 6 36 3% 0% 6 37 6% 0% 6 38 1% 0% 6 39 5% 0% 6 40 5% 0% 6 41 2% 0% 6 42 0% 0% 6 43 0% 0% 6 44 0% 0% 6 45 16% 0% 6 46 6% 0% 6 47 2% 0% 6 48 4% 0% 6 49 11% 0% 6 50 2% 0% 6 51 0% 0% 6 52 2% 0% 6 53 1% 0% 6 54 0% 0% 6 55 76% 0% 6 56 52% 0% 6 57 4% 0% 6 58 1% 0% 6 59 0% 0% 6 60 0% 0% 6 61 15% 0% 6 62 2% 0% 6 63 56% 0% 6 64 21% 0% 6 65 7% 0% 6 66 3% 0% 6 67 4% 0% 7 1 0% 0% 7 2 35% 0% 7 3 9% 0% 7 4 0% 0%

216

Table A-24 (cont’d) Year Region Renewable Energy Solar Energy Usage (%) Usage (%) 7 5 0% 0% 7 6 0% 0% 7 7 1% 0% 7 8 30% 0% 7 9 6% 0% 7 10 4% 0% 7 11 0% 0% 7 12 61% 0% 7 13 5% 0% 7 14 0% 0% 7 15 2% 0% 7 16 0% 0% 7 17 0% 0% 7 18 0% 0% 7 19 0% 0% 7 20 0% 0% 7 21 0% 0% 7 22 20% 0% 7 23 18% 0% 7 24 20% 0% 7 25 0% 0% 7 26 0% 0% 7 27 0% 0% 7 28 1% 0% 7 29 3% 0% 7 30 8% 0% 7 31 0% 0% 7 32 7% 0% 7 33 2% 0% 7 34 2% 0% 7 35 2% 0% 7 36 1% 0% 7 37 6% 0% 7 38 1% 0% 7 39 5% 0% 7 40 7% 0% 7 41 3% 0% 7 42 0% 0% 7 43 0% 0% 7 44 0% 0% 7 45 18% 0% 7 46 15% 0% 7 47 1% 0% 7 48 7% 0% 7 49 9% 0% 7 50 3% 0% 7 51 0% 0% 7 52 2% 0% 7 53 0% 0% 7 54 0% 0% 7 55 80% 0%

217

Table A-24 (cont’d) Year Region Renewable Energy Solar Energy Usage (%) Usage (%) 7 56 51% 0% 7 57 4% 0% 7 58 1% 0% 7 59 14% 0% 7 60 3% 0% 7 61 16% 0% 7 62 3% 0% 7 63 56% 0% 7 64 27% 0% 7 65 25% 0% 7 66 5% 0% 7 67 4% 0% 8 1 1% 0% 8 2 33% 0% 8 3 6% 0% 8 4 0% 0% 8 5 0% 0% 8 6 0% 0% 8 7 1% 0% 8 8 33% 0% 8 9 5% 0% 8 10 3% 0% 8 11 0% 0% 8 12 67% 0% 8 13 3% 0% 8 14 0% 0% 8 15 0% 0% 8 16 0% 0% 8 17 0% 0% 8 18 1% 0% 8 19 0% 0% 8 20 0% 0% 8 21 0% 0% 8 22 21% 0% 8 23 0% 0% 8 24 17% 0% 8 25 2% 0% 8 26 8% 0% 8 27 0% 0% 8 28 2% 0% 8 29 10% 0% 8 30 7% 0% 8 31 0% 0% 8 32 9% 0% 8 33 1% 0% 8 34 1% 0% 8 35 1% 0% 8 36 1% 0% 8 37 0% 0% 8 38 1% 0% 8 39 2% 0%

218

Table A-24 (cont’d) Year Region Renewable Energy Solar Energy Usage (%) Usage (%) 8 40 7% 0% 8 41 3% 0% 8 42 1% 0% 8 43 2% 0% 8 44 0% 0% 8 45 18% 0% 8 46 3% 0% 8 47 2% 0% 8 48 9% 0% 8 49 8% 0% 8 50 1% 0% 8 51 2% 0% 8 52 3% 0% 8 53 1% 0% 8 54 0% 0% 8 55 79% 0% 8 56 47% 0% 8 57 4% 0% 8 58 0% 0% 8 59 12% 0% 8 60 2% 0% 8 61 17% 0% 8 62 3% 0% 8 63 55% 0% 8 64 19% 0% 8 65 25% 0% 8 66 3% 0% 8 67 4% 0% 9 1 1% 0% 9 2 36% 0% 9 3 12% 0% 9 4 0% 0% 9 5 0% 0% 9 6 0% 0% 9 7 1% 0% 9 8 29% 0% 9 9 7% 0% 9 10 3% 0% 9 11 0% 0% 9 12 28% 0% 9 13 4% 0% 9 14 0% 0% 9 15 0% 0% 9 16 0% 0% 9 17 0% 0% 9 18 2% 0% 9 19 0% 0% 9 20 0% 0% 9 21 0% 0% 9 22 21% 0% 9 23 0% 0%

219

Table A-24 (cont’d) Year Region Renewable Energy Solar Energy Usage (%) Usage (%) 9 24 25% 0% 9 25 1% 0% 9 26 7% 0% 9 27 0% 0% 9 28 2% 0% 9 29 4% 0% 9 30 8% 0% 9 31 0% 0% 9 32 2% 0% 9 33 0% 0% 9 34 2% 0% 9 35 4% 0% 9 36 1% 0% 9 37 0% 0% 9 38 1% 0% 9 39 2% 0% 9 40 8% 0% 9 41 3% 0% 9 42 2% 0% 9 43 0% 0% 9 44 0% 0% 9 45 12% 0% 9 46 2% 0% 9 47 1% 0% 9 48 11% 0% 9 49 10% 0% 9 50 3% 0% 9 51 3% 0% 9 52 3% 0% 9 53 2% 0% 9 54 0% 0% 9 55 72% 0% 9 56 47% 0% 9 57 0% 0% 9 58 0% 0% 9 59 10% 0% 9 60 0% 0% 9 61 16% 0% 9 62 2% 0% 9 63 54% 0% 9 64 22% 0% 9 65 7% 0% 9 66 6% 0% 9 67 0% 0% 10 1 1% 0% 10 2 30% 0% 10 3 8% 0% 10 4 0% 0% 10 5 0% 0% 10 6 0% 0% 10 7 1% 0%

220

Table A-24 (cont’d) Year Region Renewable Energy Solar Energy Usage (%) Usage (%) 10 8 31% 0% 10 9 9% 0% 10 10 3% 0% 10 11 0% 0% 10 12 50% 0% 10 13 5% 0% 10 14 0% 0% 10 15 0% 0% 10 16 0% 0% 10 17 0% 0% 10 18 3% 0% 10 19 0% 0% 10 20 0% 0% 10 21 0% 0% 10 22 24% 0% 10 23 0% 0% 10 24 19% 0% 10 25 1% 0% 10 26 7% 0% 10 27 0% 0% 10 28 2% 0% 10 29 3% 0% 10 30 8% 0% 10 31 0% 0% 10 32 5% 0% 10 33 1% 0% 10 34 2% 0% 10 35 6% 0% 10 36 1% 0% 10 37 4% 0% 10 38 2% 0% 10 39 1% 0% 10 40 10% 0% 10 41 4% 0% 10 42 3% 0% 10 43 0% 0% 10 44 0% 0% 10 45 5% 0% 10 46 2% 0% 10 47 1% 0% 10 48 15% 0% 10 49 9% 0% 10 50 2% 0% 10 51 0% 0% 10 52 2% 0% 10 53 1% 0% 10 54 0% 0% 10 55 67% 0% 10 56 46% 0% 10 57 4% 0% 10 58 1% 0%

221

Table A-24 (cont’d) Year Region Renewable Energy Solar Energy Usage (%) Usage (%) 10 59 0% 0% 10 60 0% 0% 10 61 15% 0% 10 62 1% 0% 10 63 52% 0% 10 64 11% 0% 10 65 16% 0% 10 66 4% 0% 10 67 2% 0% 11 1 0% 0% 11 2 32% 0% 11 3 8% 0% 11 4 0% 0% 11 5 0% 0% 11 6 0% 0% 11 7 1% 0% 11 8 39% 0% 11 9 10% 0% 11 10 4% 0% 11 11 0% 0% 11 12 52% 0% 11 13 3% 0% 11 14 0% 0% 11 15 0% 0% 11 16 0% 0% 11 17 0% 0% 11 18 2% 0% 11 19 0% 0% 11 20 0% 0% 11 21 0% 0% 11 22 24% 0% 11 23 0% 0% 11 24 16% 0% 11 25 1% 0% 11 26 7% 0% 11 27 0% 0% 11 28 2% 0% 11 29 4% 0% 11 30 5% 0% 11 31 0% 0% 11 32 7% 0% 11 33 0% 0% 11 34 1% 0% 11 35 8% 0% 11 36 1% 0% 11 37 0% 0% 11 38 3% 0% 11 39 2% 0% 11 40 13% 0% 11 41 3% 0% 11 42 7% 0%

222

Table A-24 (cont’d) Year Region Renewable Energy Solar Energy Usage (%) Usage (%) 11 43 0% 0% 11 44 0% 0% 11 45 10% 0% 11 46 2% 0% 11 47 1% 0% 11 48 16% 0% 11 49 4% 0% 11 50 3% 0% 11 51 3% 0% 11 52 0% 0% 11 53 2% 0% 11 54 3% 0% 11 55 68% 0% 11 56 34% 0% 11 57 0% 0% 11 58 1% 0% 11 59 5% 0% 11 60 0% 0% 11 61 14% 0% 11 62 3% 0% 11 63 51% 0% 11 64 11% 0% 11 65 7% 0% 11 66 3% 0% 11 67 0% 0% 12 1 1% 0% 12 2 28% 0% 12 3 7% 0% 12 4 0% 0% 12 5 0% 0% 12 6 0% 0% 12 7 1% 0% 12 8 40% 0% 12 9 14% 0% 12 10 3% 0% 12 11 0% 0% 12 12 66% 0% 12 13 4% 0% 12 14 0% 0% 12 15 0% 0% 12 16 0% 0% 12 17 0% 0% 12 18 1% 0% 12 19 0% 0% 12 20 0% 0% 12 21 0% 0% 12 22 26% 0% 12 23 0% 0% 12 24 16% 0% 12 25 0% 0% 12 26 0% 0%

223

Table A-24 (cont’d) Year Region Renewable Energy Solar Energy Usage (%) Usage (%) 12 27 0% 0% 12 28 3% 0% 12 29 8% 0% 12 30 4% 0% 12 31 0% 0% 12 32 5% 0% 12 33 0% 0% 12 34 1% 0% 12 35 3% 0% 12 36 1% 0% 12 37 0% 0% 12 38 2% 0% 12 39 8% 0% 12 40 14% 0% 12 41 3% 0% 12 42 7% 0% 12 43 0% 0% 12 44 0% 0% 12 45 8% 0% 12 46 2% 0% 12 47 1% 0% 12 48 17% 0% 12 49 9% 0% 12 50 1% 0% 12 51 0% 0% 12 52 3% 0% 12 53 0% 0% 12 54 0% 0% 12 55 72% 0% 12 56 46% 0% 12 57 4% 0% 12 58 0% 0% 12 59 5% 0% 12 60 2% 0% 12 61 14% 0% 12 62 3% 0% 12 63 46% 0% 12 64 33% 0% 12 65 7% 0% 12 66 1% 0% 12 67 2% 0% 13 1 0% 0% 13 2 21% 0% 13 3 7% 0% 13 4 0% 0% 13 5 2% 0% 13 6 0% 0% 13 7 1% 0% 13 8 43% 0% 13 9 16% 0% 13 10 3% 0%

224

Table A-24 (cont’d) Year Region Renewable Energy Solar Energy Usage (%) Usage (%) 13 11 0% 0% 13 12 75% 0% 13 13 0% 0% 13 14 0% 0% 13 15 0% 0% 13 16 0% 0% 13 17 0% 0% 13 18 1% 0% 13 19 1% 0% 13 20 0% 0% 13 21 0% 0% 13 22 27% 0% 13 23 0% 0% 13 24 15% 0% 13 25 1% 0% 13 26 0% 0% 13 27 0% 0% 13 28 4% 0% 13 29 5% 0% 13 30 7% 0% 13 31 0% 0% 13 32 6% 0% 13 33 2% 0% 13 34 1% 0% 13 35 9% 0% 13 36 1% 0% 13 37 4% 0% 13 38 2% 0% 13 39 2% 0% 13 40 18% 0% 13 41 3% 0% 13 42 11% 0% 13 43 0% 0% 13 44 0% 0% 13 45 10% 0% 13 46 2% 0% 13 47 1% 0% 13 48 20% 0% 13 49 2% 0% 13 50 1% 0% 13 51 4% 0% 13 52 0% 0% 13 53 1% 0% 13 54 6% 0% 13 55 67% 0% 13 56 33% 0% 13 57 4% 0% 13 58 1% 0% 13 59 6% 0% 13 60 2% 0% 13 61 13% 0%

225

Table A-24 (cont’d) Year Region Renewable Energy Solar Energy Usage (%) Usage (%) 13 62 2% 0% 13 63 49% 0% 13 64 33% 0% 13 65 7% 0% 13 66 4% 0% 13 67 2% 0% 14 1 0% 0% 14 2 26% 0% 14 3 7% 0% 14 4 0% 0% 14 5 0% 0% 14 6 0% 0% 14 7 3% 0% 14 8 48% 0% 14 9 17% 0% 14 10 3% 0% 14 11 0% 0% 14 12 57% 0% 14 13 3% 0% 14 14 0% 0% 14 15 0% 0% 14 16 1% 0% 14 17 0% 0% 14 18 2% 0% 14 19 0% 0% 14 20 0% 0% 14 21 0% 0% 14 22 33% 0% 14 23 0% 0% 14 24 15% 0% 14 25 4% 0% 14 26 0% 0% 14 27 0% 0% 14 28 5% 0% 14 29 5% 0% 14 30 3% 0% 14 31 0% 0% 14 32 5% 0% 14 33 1% 0% 14 34 2% 0% 14 35 7% 0% 14 36 0% 0% 14 37 1% 0% 14 38 3% 0% 14 39 7% 0% 14 40 18% 0% 14 41 4% 0% 14 42 10% 0% 14 43 0% 0% 14 44 0% 0% 14 45 4% 0%

226

Table A-24 (cont’d) Year Region Renewable Energy Solar Energy Usage (%) Usage (%) 14 46 3% 0% 14 47 2% 0% 14 48 18% 0% 14 49 15% 0% 14 50 0% 0% 14 51 7% 0% 14 52 3% 0% 14 53 0% 0% 14 54 16% 0% 14 55 60% 0% 14 56 40% 0% 14 57 4% 0% 14 58 0% 0% 14 59 6% 0% 14 60 2% 0% 14 61 13% 0% 14 62 4% 0% 14 63 47% 0% 14 64 5% 0% 14 65 7% 0% 14 66 2% 0% 14 67 1% 0% 15 1 1% 0% 15 2 18% 0% 15 3 9% 0% 15 4 0% 0% 15 5 2% 0% 15 6 0% 0% 15 7 2% 0% 15 8 40% 0% 15 9 31% 0% 15 10 3% 0% 15 11 0% 0% 15 12 81% 0% 15 13 4% 0% 15 14 0% 0% 15 15 0% 0% 15 16 0% 0% 15 17 0% 0% 15 18 1% 0% 15 19 3% 0% 15 20 0% 0% 15 21 0% 0% 15 22 28% 0% 15 23 13% 0% 15 24 14% 0% 15 25 3% 0% 15 26 13% 0% 15 27 0% 0% 15 28 5% 0% 15 29 3% 0%

227

Table A-24 (cont’d) Year Region Renewable Energy Solar Energy Usage (%) Usage (%) 15 30 6% 0% 15 31 0% 0% 15 32 5% 0% 15 33 0% 0% 15 34 1% 0% 15 35 21% 0% 15 36 2% 0% 15 37 5% 0% 15 38 2% 0% 15 39 16% 0% 15 40 22% 0% 15 41 4% 0% 15 42 7% 0% 15 43 0% 0% 15 44 0% 0% 15 45 6% 0% 15 46 3% 0% 15 47 1% 0% 15 48 26% 0% 15 49 0% 0% 15 50 3% 0% 15 51 7% 0% 15 52 0% 0% 15 53 1% 0% 15 54 21% 0% 15 55 60% 0% 15 56 42% 0% 15 57 4% 0% 15 58 0% 0% 15 59 6% 0% 15 60 0% 0% 15 61 12% 0% 15 62 6% 0% 15 63 47% 0% 15 64 29% 0% 15 65 4% 0% 15 66 3% 0% 15 67 1% 0%

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Scenario 2

The objective function and summary outputs are as follows:

• Total Cost: $7.97e+012

• Total Generation: 2.59e+011 MWh

• Average Power Cost: $30.72/MWh

Several tables contain the remaining outputs. Table A-25 lists the generation capacity installed annually in each region, while Tables A-26 and A-27 list the AC and DC transmission capacities installed between regions each year, respectively. Table A-28 illustrates the amount of generation, usage, import, and export in each region in each year, and Table A-29 shows the annual renewable energy and solar-specific usage as a percentage of total usage in each region.

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Table A-25. Annual New Generation Capacity Installed (Scenario 2) YEAR REGION TECHNOLOGY CAPACITY (MW) 1 4 2 2906 1 6 1 3000 1 9 4 3000 1 10 1 3000 1 12 2 3000 1 13 1 3000 1 18 4 3000 1 20 4 3000 1 22 4 849 1 24 1 2804 1 24 3 196 1 29 2 3000 1 30 2 3000 1 31 1 3000 1 32 3 3000 1 33 2 3000 1 37 2 172 1 41 1 3000 1 43 1 3000 1 46 1 3000 1 48 4 1181 1 50 1 3000 1 51 1 562 1 53 4 3000 1 55 2 3000 1 56 2 3000 1 58 1 1713 1 61 2 3000 1 62 2 3000 1 63 2 3000 1 64 1 3000 2 3 1 828 2 4 2 3000 2 5 1 136 2 6 1 3000 2 7 1 71 2 9 4 2832 2 10 1 3000 2 12 2 3000 2 13 1 3000 2 18 4 3000 2 19 1 1394 2 20 4 3000 2 21 1 237 2 22 4 359 2 24 3 3000 2 27 1 40 2 29 2 3000 2 30 2 3000 2 31 1 3000 2 32 3 3000

230

Table A-25 (cont’d) YEAR REGION TECHNOLOGY CAPACITY (MW) 2 33 2 3000 2 34 1 974 2 36 1 9 2 41 3 3000 2 43 1 3000 2 46 1 3000 2 50 1 3000 2 53 4 3000 2 55 2 3000 2 56 1 17 2 56 2 2983 2 61 2 3000 2 62 2 3000 2 63 2 3000 2 64 1 3000 3 6 1 3000 3 9 4 154 3 10 1 3000 3 12 2 3000 3 13 1 1810 3 18 4 3000 3 20 4 3000 3 29 2 3000 3 31 1 3000 3 32 3 3000 3 33 2 3000 3 41 1 3000 3 43 1 3000 3 46 1 849 3 48 4 201 3 53 4 3000 3 55 2 3000 3 57 4 387 3 61 2 3000 3 63 2 3000 3 64 1 3000 4 6 1 3000 4 9 4 1391 4 10 1 3000 4 12 2 3000 4 18 4 3000 4 20 4 3000 4 22 4 161 4 24 4 3000 4 29 2 3000 4 31 1 3000 4 32 3 781 4 33 2 3000 4 43 4 154 4 48 4 514

231

Table A-25 (cont’d) YEAR REGION TECHNOLOGY CAPACITY (MW) 4 53 4 3000 4 55 2 3000 4 57 4 3000 4 61 2 3000 4 63 2 3000 4 64 1 3000 5 6 1 3000 5 9 4 392 5 10 1 3000 5 12 2 3000 5 18 4 3000 5 20 4 3000 5 22 4 46 5 24 4 2087 5 29 2 3000 5 32 3 781 5 43 4 2024 5 48 4 213 5 53 4 3000 5 55 2 3000 5 57 4 3000 5 61 2 3000 5 63 2 3000 5 64 1 3000 6 6 1 3000 6 9 4 267 6 10 4 744 6 12 2 3000 6 15 4 44 6 18 4 3000 6 20 4 3000 6 22 4 46 6 24 4 2087 6 29 2 3000 6 32 3 781 6 42 4 252 6 43 4 2334 6 44 4 198 6 48 4 213 6 53 4 3000 6 55 2 3000 6 57 4 3000 6 61 2 1165 6 64 1 3000 7 6 1 3000 7 8 4 38 7 9 4 238 7 10 4 3000 7 12 2 3000 7 15 4 264 7 18 4 3000 7 20 4 3000

232

Table A-25 (cont’d) YEAR REGION TECHNOLOGY CAPACITY (MW) 7 22 4 46 7 24 4 1337 7 29 2 3000 7 32 3 781 7 42 4 330 7 43 4 3000 7 44 4 3000 7 48 4 213 7 49 4 24 7 50 4 379 7 53 4 3000 7 55 2 3000 7 57 4 3000 7 59 4 10 7 64 4 906 8 8 4 166 8 10 4 3000 8 12 2 2484 8 15 4 292 8 18 4 3000 8 19 4 3000 8 20 4 3000 8 22 4 46 8 24 3 214 8 24 4 1674 8 32 3 592 8 39 4 139 8 42 4 481 8 43 4 3000 8 44 4 2264 8 48 4 214 8 50 4 996 8 52 4 763 8 53 4 3000 8 57 4 3000 8 59 4 70 8 64 4 229 9 10 4 3000 9 13 4 2840 9 15 4 1020 9 18 4 3000 9 19 4 3000 9 20 4 3000 9 22 4 324 9 23 4 461 9 24 3 275 9 24 4 1613 9 32 3 537 9 32 4 2333 9 39 4 689 9 42 4 337 9 43 4 3000

233

Table A-25 (cont’d) YEAR REGION TECHNOLOGY CAPACITY (MW) 9 44 4 1811 9 48 4 213 9 50 4 643 9 52 4 2234 9 53 4 3000 9 57 4 3000 9 59 4 201 9 64 4 140 10 6 4 346 10 10 4 3000 10 11 4 472 10 13 4 3000 10 15 4 471 10 18 4 3000 10 19 4 3000 10 20 4 3000 10 22 4 470 10 23 4 74 10 24 3 324 10 24 4 1762 10 32 3 493 10 32 4 2507 10 39 4 1015 10 40 4 17 10 43 4 3000 10 44 4 1471 10 50 4 1275 10 52 4 3000 10 53 4 3000 10 57 4 3000 10 59 4 123 10 64 4 145 11 6 4 1045 11 10 4 3000 11 11 4 3000 11 13 4 3000 11 15 4 1520 11 16 4 86 11 17 4 50 11 18 4 3000 11 19 4 3000 11 20 4 3000 11 21 4 125 11 22 4 333 11 23 4 295 11 24 3 324 11 24 4 1762 11 27 4 3000 11 31 4 349 11 32 3 493 11 32 4 2507 11 39 4 13

234

Table A-25 (cont’d) YEAR REGION TECHNOLOGY CAPACITY (MW) 11 40 4 182 11 43 4 3000 11 44 4 1471 11 45 4 457 11 50 4 959 11 52 4 1521 11 53 4 3000 11 57 4 3000 11 64 4 78 11 67 4 65 12 6 4 640 12 10 4 3000 12 11 4 3000 12 13 4 3000 12 15 4 1289 12 16 4 124 12 18 4 3000 12 19 4 3000 12 20 4 3000 12 21 4 89 12 24 3 600 12 24 4 1486 12 26 4 247 12 27 4 2994 12 31 4 531 12 32 3 211 12 32 4 2789 12 40 4 27 12 43 4 3000 12 44 4 1471 12 45 4 662 12 50 4 1541 12 52 4 353 12 53 4 3000 12 57 4 3000 12 63 4 1498 12 64 4 164 12 67 4 76 13 6 4 1194 13 10 4 3000 13 11 4 2374 13 13 4 3000 13 17 4 2044 13 18 4 3000 13 19 4 2194 13 20 4 3000 13 23 4 25 13 24 3 124 13 24 4 1962 13 26 4 1164 13 27 4 3000 13 32 4 3000

235

Table A-25 (cont’d) YEAR REGION TECHNOLOGY CAPACITY (MW) 13 43 4 3000 13 44 4 1471 13 45 4 525 13 52 4 2016 13 53 4 3000 13 55 4 1784 13 57 4 3000 13 67 4 76 14 10 4 3000 14 11 4 152 14 13 4 1195 14 18 4 3000 14 20 4 3000 14 23 4 1905 14 24 4 2087 14 26 4 3000 14 27 4 3000 14 32 4 3000 14 43 4 3000 14 44 4 1505 14 52 4 584 14 53 4 3000 14 57 4 3000 14 67 4 76

Table A-26. Annual Low Voltage AC Transmission Capacity Installed (Scenario 2) YEAR BETWEEN REGIONS CAPACITY (MW) 1 10 31 1095 1 10 64 1860 1 24 32 1612 1 46 50 433 2 6 10 675 2 10 31 2307 2 10 64 594 2 24 32 981 2 28 33 443 3 6 10 671 3 18 47 4329 4 6 10 1564 4 10 31 449 4 17 53 2564 4 28 33 423 5 6 10 1882 5 10 31 539 5 17 53 2579 6 6 10 212 6 10 31 190 6 17 53 1865 6 24 32 801 6 31 64 282

236

Table A-26 (cont’d) YEAR REGION TECHNOLOGY CAPACITY (MW) 7 24 32 213 7 31 64 176 8 24 32 213 8 31 64 297 12 9 51 41 12 10 40 722 12 27 57 11 12 52 53 1580 13 27 57 4781 13 52 53 219

Table A-27. Annual High Voltage DC Transmission Capacity Installed (Scenario 2) YEAR BETWEEN REGIONS CAPACITY (MW) 1 10 47 140 1 10 56 748 1 12 32 1396 1 19 30 1031 1 30 67 64 1 36 41 44 1 41 61 1577 2 10 47 35 2 10 55 1647 2 10 56 791 2 19 30 171 2 29 41 1106 2 30 67 7 2 41 61 1242 3 5 18 78 3 12 41 68 3 15 18 103 3 18 23 241 3 18 46 4 3 18 50 658 3 18 64 63 3 29 41 2825 3 30 67 7 3 37 41 43 3 41 61 909 4 5 18 84 4 12 41 750 4 15 18 7 4 18 23 17 4 18 46 3 4 18 50 38 4 18 53 3433 4 29 41 3 4 30 67 7 4 41 61 658 5 10 55 271 5 12 41 880

237

Table A-27 (cont’d) YEAR REGION TECHNOLOGY CAPACITY (MW) 5 15 18 41 5 18 23 17 5 18 45 295 5 18 50 232 5 18 53 2989 5 29 41 268 5 30 67 7 6 6 18 100 6 10 55 739 6 12 41 737 6 15 18 206 6 18 23 17 6 18 45 773 6 18 46 123 6 18 50 380 6 18 53 1076 6 18 55 841 6 30 67 7 7 10 55 907 7 11 18 1094 7 12 41 624 7 15 18 226 7 18 23 17 7 18 45 113 7 18 46 410 7 18 53 192 7 18 55 1410 7 30 67 7 8 5 18 216 8 10 55 524 8 11 18 201 8 12 41 182 8 15 18 621 8 18 46 558 8 18 54 32 8 18 55 1832 8 29 41 221 8 30 67 7 8 41 61 605 9 9 10 1223 9 15 18 877 9 18 54 292 9 18 55 2282 9 29 41 318 9 30 67 1 9 65 67 6 10 4 46 3 10 5 46 1 10 9 10 1150 10 11 18 2665

238

Table A-27 (cont’d) YEAR REGION TECHNOLOGY CAPACITY (MW) 10 15 18 752 10 18 55 30 10 19 30 120 10 25 46 1 10 34 45 6 10 34 64 6 10 41 46 58 10 41 54 203 10 65 67 7 11 4 46 14 11 5 46 3 11 11 18 2706 11 12 32 38 11 15 18 741 11 25 46 0 11 34 64 1 11 41 54 1491 11 65 67 7 12 4 18 267 12 4 46 15 12 5 46 2 12 11 18 2111 12 12 32 103 12 14 56 195 12 15 18 279 12 16 46 0 12 17 41 564 12 18 55 800 12 25 46 0 12 29 32 584 12 41 46 3 12 41 54 70 12 65 67 7 13 1 65 43 13 4 18 1414 13 4 45 3 13 4 46 13 13 5 46 2 13 7 46 1 13 14 56 205 13 15 18 28 13 16 46 0 13 18 25 113 13 18 55 1951 13 25 46 0 13 29 32 753 13 32 60 47 13 41 64 246 13 65 66 174 13 65 67 7 14 46 47 5000 15 46 47 5000

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Table A-28. Annual Electricity Generation, Usage, Imports, and Exports by Region (Scenario 2) Year Region Demand Generated DC DC Local AC AC (MWh) (MWh) Imports Exports Generation Imports Exports (MWh) (MWh) Used (MWh) (MWh) (MWh) 1 1 5.98E+07 1.32E+08 0 0 5.98E+07 0 7.19E+07 1 2 4.27E+07 3.84E+07 0 0 3.80E+07 4.69E+06 446247 1 3 5.48E+07 6.89E+07 0 0 1.48E+06 5.33E+07 6.74E+07 1 4 1.20E+08 1.82E+08 0 0 1.20E+08 0 6.19E+07 1 5 1.07E+08 1.24E+08 0 0 9.29E+07 1.37E+07 3.13E+07 1 6 7.56E+07 9.16E+07 0 0 7.56E+07 0 1.59E+07 1 7 4.82E+07 2.58E+07 0 0 8.01E+06 4.02E+07 1.78E+07 1 8 2.29E+07 1.34E+07 0 0 1.31E+07 9.86E+06 367974 1 9 2.31E+08 2.05E+08 0 0 2.05E+08 2.57E+07 0 1 10 1.22E+09 1.20E+09 0 0 1.20E+09 1.93E+07 1.76E+06 1 11 3.78E+07 3.78E+07 0 0 3.78E+07 0 0 1 12 1.26E+07 1.94E+07 0 0 1.26E+07 0 6.85E+06 1 13 2.42E+08 2.56E+08 0 0 2.42E+08 0 1.44E+07 1 14 2.22E+08 2.46E+08 0 0 2.11E+08 1.11E+07 3.54E+07 1 15 2.04E+07 2.35E+07 0 0 2.04E+07 0 3.09E+06 1 16 1.34E+07 6.38E+06 0 0 6.38E+06 7.01E+06 0 1 17 2.78E+08 4.72E+08 0 0 2.75E+08 2.41E+06 1.96E+08 1 18 7.79E+08 7.79E+08 0 0 7.79E+08 0 0 1 19 1.55E+08 2.35E+08 0 0 1.55E+08 0 8.02E+07 1 20 4.07E+08 4.07E+08 0 0 4.07E+08 0 0 1 21 3.52E+07 4.73E+07 0 0 3.52E+07 0 1.21E+07 1 22 4.05E+07 3.61E+07 0 0 3.61E+07 4.41E+06 0 1 23 8.55E+06 6.32E+06 0 0 6.32E+06 2.23E+06 0 1 24 5.69E+08 4.87E+08 0 0 4.87E+08 8.20E+07 0 1 25 5.47E+06 7.34E+07 0 0 5.47E+06 0 6.80E+07 1 26 6.41E+07 7.14E+07 0 0 6.41E+07 0 7.32E+06 1 27 1.16E+08 1.49E+08 0 0 8.51E+07 3.07E+07 6.42E+07 1 28 3.89E+08 2.80E+08 0 0 2.80E+08 1.09E+08 0 1 29 5.37E+07 9.62E+07 0 0 4.94E+07 4.37E+06 4.68E+07 1 30 3.66E+07 4.77E+07 0 0 3.66E+07 0 1.11E+07 1 31 6.31E+07 6.86E+07 0 0 6.00E+07 3.08E+06 8.55E+06 1 32 9.28E+08 7.63E+08 0 0 6.71E+08 2.57E+08 9.23E+07 1 33 9.64E+07 7.50E+07 0 0 6.74E+07 2.90E+07 7.59E+06 1 34 1.12E+08 1.09E+08 0 0 7.27E+07 3.91E+07 3.66E+07 1 35 3.11E+07 4.54E+07 0 0 3.11E+07 0 1.43E+07 1 36 6.55E+07 5.97E+07 0 0 5.97E+07 5.79E+06 0 1 37 2.72E+07 3.19E+07 0 0 2.72E+07 0 4.65E+06 1 38 6.70E+07 7.09E+07 0 0 6.22E+07 4.76E+06 8.72E+06 1 39 9.01E+07 9.51E+07 0 0 9.01E+07 0 4.98E+06 1 40 4.77E+07 6.15E+07 0 0 4.77E+07 0 1.38E+07 1 41 1.87E+09 2.11E+09 0 0 1.80E+09 6.48E+07 3.08E+08 1 42 4.62E+07 6.13E+07 0 0 4.62E+07 0 1.51E+07 1 43 3.49E+08 3.29E+08 0 0 3.29E+08 2.02E+07 0 1 44 2.56E+08 2.56E+08 0 0 2.56E+08 0 0 1 45 9.58E+07 9.06E+07 0 0 9.06E+07 5.18E+06 0 1 46 2.47E+07 3.82E+07 0 0 2.26E+07 2.08E+06 1.56E+07 1 47 1.32E+08 1.76E+08 0 0 1.32E+08 0 4.39E+07 1 48 8.34E+07 8.31E+07 0 0 8.31E+07 326125 0 1 49 2.74E+07 2.74E+07 0 0 2.74E+07 0 0

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Table A-28 (cont’d) Year Region Demand Generated DC DC Local AC AC (MWh) (MWh) Imports Exports Generation Imports Exports (MWh) (MWh) Used (MWh) (MWh) (MWh) 1 50 7.56E+07 7.39E+07 0 0 7.35E+07 2.09E+06 415616 1 51 2.85E+07 2.85E+07 0 0 2.85E+07 0 0 1 52 6.01E+07 6.77E+07 0 0 6.01E+07 0 7.56E+06 1 53 1.35E+09 1.18E+09 0 0 1.18E+09 1.69E+08 0 1 54 2.04E+07 3.00E+07 0 0 2.04E+07 0 9.68E+06 1 55 1.03E+08 5.03E+07 0 0 5.03E+07 5.28E+07 0 1 56 1.34E+07 1.02E+07 0 0 2.09E+06 1.13E+07 8.15E+06 1 57 5.53E+08 4.62E+08 0 0 4.48E+08 1.05E+08 1.39E+07 1 58 3.33E+07 3.21E+07 0 0 2.92E+07 4.06E+06 2.86E+06 1 59 6.48E+06 6.28E+06 0 0 6.28E+06 204000 0 1 60 1.75E+06 5.94E+06 0 0 1.75E+06 0 4.19E+06 1 61 6.87E+07 7.84E+07 0 0 6.00E+07 8.67E+06 1.84E+07 1 62 5.33E+07 4.80E+07 0 0 4.55E+07 7.83E+06 2.50E+06 1 63 9.69E+07 9.51E+07 0 0 9.51E+07 1.83E+06 0 1 64 1.99E+07 1.26E+07 0 0 9.18E+06 1.07E+07 3.41E+06 1 65 1.63E+06 114092 0 0 114092 1.52E+06 0 1 66 9.71E+07 7.90E+07 0 0 6.40E+07 3.32E+07 1.51E+07 1 67 3.11E+07 3.11E+07 0 0 3.11E+07 0 0 2 1 6.65E+07 1.32E+08 0 0 6.65E+07 0 6.58E+07 2 2 4.55E+07 3.84E+07 0 0 3.05E+07 1.51E+07 7.99E+06 2 3 5.79E+07 6.89E+07 0 0 0 5.79E+07 6.89E+07 2 4 1.23E+08 1.93E+08 0 0 1.23E+08 0 6.98E+07 2 5 1.10E+08 1.24E+08 0 0 7.84E+07 3.16E+07 4.58E+07 2 6 8.51E+07 1.03E+08 0 0 8.40E+07 1109910 1.91E+07 2 7 5.11E+07 2.58E+07 0 0 3.06E+06 4.80E+07 2.28E+07 2 8 2.44E+07 1.53E+07 0 0 1.53E+07 9.10E+06 0 2 9 2.37E+08 2.15E+08 0 0 2.15E+08 2.24E+07 0 2 10 1.29E+09 1.26E+09 0 0 1.26E+09 2.87E+07 3.49E+06 2 11 3.97E+07 3.97E+07 0 0 3.97E+07 0 0 2 12 1.33E+07 3.73E+07 0 0 1.33E+07 0 2.40E+07 2 13 2.54E+08 2.64E+08 0 0 2.54E+08 0 1.01E+07 2 14 2.26E+08 2.46E+08 0 0 2.15E+08 1.08E+07 3.07E+07 2 15 2.29E+07 2.17E+07 0 0 1.96E+07 3.29E+06 2.04E+06 2 16 1.46E+07 8.00E+06 0 0 8.00E+06 6.59E+06 0 2 17 2.93E+08 4.86E+08 0 0 2.90E+08 2.57E+06 1.96E+08 2 18 8.44E+08 8.44E+08 0 0 8.44E+08 0 0 2 19 1.62E+08 2.45E+08 0 0 1.62E+08 0 8.28E+07 2 20 4.57E+08 4.57E+08 0 0 4.57E+08 0 0 2 21 3.76E+07 4.73E+07 0 0 3.76E+07 0 9.62E+06 2 22 4.23E+07 4.06E+07 0 0 4.06E+07 1.70E+06 0 2 23 9.31E+06 5.26E+06 0 0 5.26E+06 4.05E+06 0 2 24 5.85E+08 5.13E+08 0 0 5.13E+08 7.22E+07 0 2 25 5.61E+06 8.52E+07 0 0 5.61E+06 0 7.96E+07 2 26 6.71E+07 7.34E+07 0 0 6.71E+07 0 6.30E+06 2 27 1.22E+08 1.49E+08 0 0 1.05E+08 1.63E+07 4.39E+07 2 28 3.85E+08 2.77E+08 0 0 2.77E+08 1.08E+08 0 2 29 5.54E+07 1.14E+08 0 0 5.30E+07 2.44E+06 6.11E+07

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Table A-28 (cont’d) Year Region Demand Generated DC DC Local AC AC (MWh) (MWh) Imports Exports Generation Imports Exports (MWh) (MWh) Used (MWh) (MWh) (MWh) 2 30 3.91E+07 5.23E+07 0 0 3.91E+07 0 1.31E+07 2 31 6.86E+07 7.39E+07 0 0 6.29E+07 5.72E+06 1.10E+07 2 32 9.51E+08 8.30E+08 0 0 7.49E+08 2.02E+08 8.13E+07 2 33 1.01E+08 8.67E+07 0 0 7.91E+07 2.22E+07 7.59E+06 2 34 1.14E+08 1.08E+08 0 0 7.88E+07 3.52E+07 2.95E+07 2 35 3.25E+07 4.54E+07 0 0 3.25E+07 0 1.29E+07 2 36 6.91E+07 6.23E+07 0 0 6.23E+07 6.75E+06 0 2 37 3.10E+07 3.36E+07 0 0 3.10E+07 0 2.60E+06 2 38 7.15E+07 7.00E+07 0 0 6.99E+07 1.57E+06 26181 2 39 9.62E+07 9.81E+07 0 0 9.62E+07 0 1.92E+06 2 40 5.09E+07 6.15E+07 0 0 5.09E+07 0 1.06E+07 2 41 1.98E+09 2.13E+09 0 0 1.89E+09 8.88E+07 2.41E+08 2 42 4.99E+07 6.13E+07 0 0 4.99E+07 0 1.14E+07 2 43 3.74E+08 3.61E+08 0 0 3.61E+08 1.26E+07 0 2 44 2.70E+08 2.70E+08 0 0 2.70E+08 0 0 2 45 1.01E+08 9.00E+07 0 0 9.00E+07 1.07E+07 0 2 46 2.60E+07 5.22E+07 0 0 2.60E+07 0 2.63E+07 2 47 1.38E+08 1.46E+08 0 0 1.38E+08 0 8.06E+06 2 48 8.55E+07 8.86E+07 0 0 8.55E+07 0 3.06E+06 2 49 2.77E+07 2.77E+07 0 0 2.77E+07 23900.3 0 2 50 8.58E+07 8.48E+07 0 0 8.11E+07 4.67E+06 3.73E+06 2 51 2.92E+07 2.92E+07 0 0 2.92E+07 0 0 2 52 6.45E+07 6.90E+07 0 0 6.43E+07 226167 4.74E+06 2 53 1.47E+09 1.31E+09 0 0 1.31E+09 1.57E+08 0 2 54 2.21E+07 3.00E+07 0 0 2.21E+07 0 7.93E+06 2 55 1.06E+08 7.03E+07 0 0 6.81E+07 3.78E+07 2155530 2 56 1.39E+07 2.82E+07 0 0 2880790 1.10E+07 2.53E+07 2 57 5.83E+08 4.74E+08 0 0 4.74E+08 1.09E+08 0 2 58 3.58E+07 3.91E+07 0 0 3.20E+07 3.81E+06 7.16E+06 2 59 7.04E+06 6.70E+06 0 0 6.68E+06 367765 26147.7 2 60 1.73E+06 5.94E+06 0 0 1.73E+06 0 4.21E+06 2 61 7.36E+07 9.51E+07 0 0 7.36E+07 0 2.15E+07 2 62 5.54E+07 6.28E+07 0 0 5.54E+07 23497.4 7.40E+06 2 63 1.03E+08 9.55E+07 0 0 9.55E+07 7.68E+06 0 2 64 2.14E+07 2.16E+07 0 0 1.25E+07 8.89E+06 9.06E+06 2 65 1.63E+06 114092 0 0 114092 1.52E+06 0 2 66 1.00E+08 7.90E+07 0 0 6.39E+07 3.65E+07 1.52E+07 2 67 3.20E+07 3.20E+07 0 0 3.20E+07 0 0 3 1 7.28E+07 1.39E+08 0 0 7.28E+07 0 6.62E+07 3 2 4.87E+07 3.92E+07 0 0 3.61E+07 1.26E+07 3.13E+06 3 3 6.13E+07 7.18E+07 0 0 4.07E+07 2.07E+07 3.11E+07 3 4 1.28E+08 2.05E+08 0 0 1.02E+08 2.62E+07 1.03E+08 3 5 1.14E+08 1.37E+08 0 0 9.43E+07 2.00E+07 4.26E+07 3 6 9.65E+07 1.24E+08 0 0 8.49E+07 1.16E+07 3.91E+07 3 7 5.36E+07 2.78E+07 0 0.00E+00 1.91E+07 3.45E+07 8.72E+06 3 8 2.58E+07 1.55E+07 0 0 1.55E+07 1.03E+07 0 3 9 2.42E+08 2.90E+08 0 0 2.35E+08 6.92E+06 5.41E+07 3 10 1.35E+09 1.18E+09 1.45E+07 0 1.13E+09 2.07E+08 4.41E+07 3 11 4.17E+07 4.17E+07 0 0 4.17E+07 0 0

242

Table A-28 (cont’d) Year Region Demand Generated DC DC Local AC AC (MWh) (MWh) Imports Exports Generation Imports Exports (MWh) (MWh) Used (MWh) (MWh) (MWh) 3 12 1.41E+07 5.50E+07 0 2.45E+07 1.41E+07 0 1.64E+07 3 13 2.67E+08 3.42E+08 0 0 1.88E+08 7.85E+07 1.54E+08 3 14 2.34E+08 2.48E+08 0.00E+00 0 2.11E+08 2.31E+07 3.78E+07 3 15 2.50E+07 2.15E+07 0 0 1.97E+07 5.35E+06 1.80E+06 3 16 1.58E+07 8.25E+06 0 0 7.98E+06 7.87E+06 266304 3 17 3.01E+08 5.09E+08 0 0 3.00E+08 972860 2.09E+08 3 18 9.03E+08 9.03E+08 0 0 9.03E+08 0 0 3 19 1.69E+08 2.26E+08 1.68E+07 0 1.52E+08 2.69E+05 7.42E+07 3 20 5.01E+08 5.01E+08 0 0 5.01E+08 0 0 3 21 4.01E+07 4.80E+07 0 0 4.01E+07 0 7.88E+06 3 22 4.41E+07 6.99E+07 0 0 3.81E+07 5.92E+06 3.18E+07 3 23 1.02E+07 1.58E+07 0 0 6.11E+06 4.05E+06 9.68E+06 3 24 6.02E+08 5.64E+08 0 0 5.22E+08 8.05E+07 4.19E+07 3 25 5.67E+06 5.25E+07 0 0 5.25E+06 425526 4.73E+07 3 26 7.05E+07 7.28E+07 0 0 5.70E+07 1.34E+07 1.58E+07 3 27 1.28E+08 1.51E+08 0 0 7.37E+07 5.40E+07 7.76E+07 3 28 3.88E+08 3.03E+08 0.00E+00 0 2.82E+08 1.06E+08 2.04E+07 3 29 5.80E+07 1.27E+08 0 0.00E+00 5.80E+07 0 6.93E+07 3 30 4.10E+07 8.35E+07 0 1.92E+07 4.10E+07 0 2.34E+07 3 31 7.38E+07 7.10E+07 0 0 4.42E+07 2.96E+07 2.67E+07 3 32 9.82E+08 7.68E+08 22787500 0 6.77E+08 2.82E+08 9.06E+07 3 33 1.06E+08 9.86E+07 0 0 6.93E+07 3.72E+07 2.94E+07 3 34 1.16E+08 1.08E+08 0 0 6.61E+07 4.97E+07 4.16E+07 3 35 3.40E+07 4.98E+07 0 0 3.40E+07 0 1.58E+07 3 36 7.38E+07 6.18E+07 0 765788 6.09E+07 1.29E+07 128695 3 37 3.25E+07 3.27E+07 0 0 3.18E+07 696983 8.47E+05 3 38 7.60E+07 7.09E+07 0 0 6.06E+07 1.53E+07 1.03E+07 3 39 1.01E+08 1.09E+08 0 0 9.76E+07 3.47E+06 1.10E+07 3 40 5.35E+07 5.98E+07 0 0.00E+00 5.35E+07 0 6.32E+06 3 41 2.07E+09 2.29E+09 2.63E+07 0 1.79E+09 2.47E+08 5.01E+08 3 42 5.39E+07 6.13E+07 0 0 5.39E+07 0 7.37E+06 3 43 4.00E+08 3.47E+08 0 0 3.17E+08 8.27E+07 2.91E+07 3 44 2.90E+08 2.90E+08 0 0 2.90E+08 0 140226 3 45 1.08E+08 1.00E+08 0 0 9.49E+07 1.33E+07 5.31E+06 3 46 2.73E+07 6.63E+07 0 0 2.31E+07 4.20E+06 4.31E+07 3 47 1.45E+08 1.62E+08 0 2.46E+06 1.45E+08 0 1.52E+07 3 48 8.91E+07 8.91E+07 0 0 8.91E+07 0 0 3 49 2.81E+07 2.48E+07 0 0 1.19E+07 1.62E+07 1.29E+07 3 50 9.77E+07 1.12E+08 0 0 8.57E+07 1.20E+07 2.61E+07 3 51 3.03E+07 2.51E+07 0 0 1.87E+07 1.16E+07 6.33E+06 3 52 6.94E+07 8.32E+07 0 0 6.79E+07 1.45E+06 1.53E+07 3 53 1.58E+09 1.37E+09 0 0.00E+00 1.31E+09 2.67E+08 6.48E+07 3 54 2.40E+07 4.34E+07 0 0 2.40E+07 0 1.94E+07 3 55 1.12E+08 9.22E+07 0 0 7.43E+07 3.80E+07 1.80E+07 3 56 1.41E+07 4.61E+07 0 13102700 5.79E+06 8.36E+06 2.72E+07 3 57 5.90E+08 5.80E+08 0 0 4.21E+08 1.69E+08 1.59E+08 3 58 3.78E+07 3.91E+07 0 0 2.97E+07 8.16E+06 9.46E+06 3 59 7.58E+06 6.53E+06 0 0 3.33E+06 4.25E+06 3.20E+06 3 60 1.73E+06 5.54E+06 0 0 1.73E+06 0 3.81E+06

243

Table A-28 (cont’d) Year Region Demand Generated DC DC Local AC AC (MWh) (MWh) Imports Exports Generation Imports Exports (MWh) (MWh) Used (MWh) (MWh) (MWh) 3 61 8.09E+07 1.14E+08 0 2.76E+07 5.32E+07 2.77E+07 3.35E+07 3 62 5.77E+07 7.82E+07 0 0 4.77E+07 1.00E+07 3.05E+07 3 63 1.09E+08 1.26E+08 0 0 1.09E+08 0 1.64E+07 3 64 2.29E+07 8.85E+07 0 0 6.66E+06 1.63E+07 8.18E+07 3 65 1.63E+06 244891 0 0 244891 1.39E+06 0 3 66 1.02E+08 8.21E+07 0 0 6.87E+07 3.34E+07 1.33E+07 3 67 3.32E+07 3.21E+07 1.07E+06 0 3.21E+07 0 0 4 1 7.90E+07 1.41E+08 0 0 7.90E+07 0 6.25E+07 4 2 5.18E+07 3.92E+07 0 0 3.41E+07 1.77E+07 5.13E+06 4 3 6.47E+07 7.17E+07 0 0.00E+00 3.32E+07 3.15E+07 3.85E+07 4 4 1.33E+08 2.05E+08 0 0 1.00E+08 3.27E+07 1.05E+08 4 5 1.19E+08 1.34E+08 0 0.00E+00 1.01E+08 1.80E+07 3.32E+07 4 6 1.08E+08 1.36E+08 0 0 9.90E+07 8.83E+06 3.74E+07 4 7 5.61E+07 2.65E+07 0 0.00E+00 2.16E+07 3.44E+07 4.87E+06 4 8 2.72E+07 1.71E+07 0 0 1.71E+07 1.01E+07 0 4 9 2.47E+08 2.39E+08 0 0 2.39E+08 8.44E+06 0 4 10 1.42E+09 1.22E+09 5.50E+07 0 1.19E+09 1.77E+08 3.35E+07 4 11 4.37E+07 4.37E+07 0 0 4.37E+07 0 0 4 12 1.48E+07 7.33E+07 0 2.45E+07 1.44E+07 3.91E+05 3.44E+07 4 13 2.80E+08 3.46E+08 0 0 2.21E+08 5.88E+07 1.25E+08 4 14 2.41E+08 2.48E+08 0.00E+00 0 2.20E+08 2.07E+07 2.80E+07 4 15 2.72E+07 2.31E+07 0 0 2.10E+07 6.22E+06 2.17E+06 4 16 1.71E+07 9.49E+06 0 0 9.30E+06 7.80E+06 186696 4 17 3.09E+08 5.09E+08 0 0 3.09E+08 0 1.99E+08 4 18 9.62E+08 9.62E+08 0 -2.91E-10 9.62E+08 0 0 4 19 1.76E+08 2.27E+08 1.95E+07 0 1.55E+08 1552790 7.25E+07 4 20 5.46E+08 5.46E+08 0 0 5.46E+08 0 0 4 21 4.25E+07 4.82E+07 0 0 4.25E+07 0 5.61E+06 4 22 4.57E+07 5.27E+07 0 0 4.47E+07 9.47E+05 7.92E+06 4 23 1.10E+07 1.73E+07 0 0 8.32E+06 2.69E+06 8.95E+06 4 24 6.19E+08 5.41E+08 0 0 5.22E+08 9.75E+07 1.93E+07 4 25 5.74E+06 7.50E+07 0 0 5.31E+06 430152 6.97E+07 4 26 7.38E+07 7.44E+07 0 0 7.22E+07 1.59E+06 2.11E+06 4 27 1.34E+08 1.51E+08 0 0 1.05E+08 2.91E+07 4.65E+07 4 28 3.91E+08 3.05E+08 0.00E+00 0 3.01E+08 8.95E+07 3.66E+06 4 29 6.07E+07 1.48E+08 0 1.94E+07 6.02E+07 488878 6.82E+07 4 30 4.27E+07 8.35E+07 0 2.23E+07 4.27E+07 0 1.85E+07 4 31 7.94E+07 9.17E+07 0 0 4.69E+07 3.25E+07 4.48E+07 4 32 1.01E+09 8.72E+08 22787500 0 7.62E+08 2.28E+08 1.10E+08 4 33 1.12E+08 1.10E+08 0 0 7.07E+07 4.09E+07 3.96E+07 4 34 1.18E+08 1.10E+08 0 0 6.75E+07 5.02E+07 4.24E+07 4 35 3.55E+07 5.00E+07 0 0 3.55E+07 0 1.45E+07 4 36 7.86E+07 7.06E+07 0 765788 6.97E+07 8.91E+06 128695 4 37 3.43E+07 3.45E+07 0 0 3.32E+07 1.16E+06 1.37E+06 4 38 8.05E+07 7.09E+07 0 0 5.81E+07 2.24E+07 1.28E+07 4 39 1.06E+08 1.09E+08 0 0 1.04E+08 1.31E+06 4.34E+06 4 40 5.59E+07 6.07E+07 0 0.00E+00 5.59E+07 0 4.74E+06 4 41 2.16E+09 2.30E+09 6.48E+07 0 1.89E+09 1.99E+08 4.08E+08 4 42 5.80E+07 6.69E+07 0 0 5.80E+07 0 8.98E+06

244

Table A-28 (cont’d) Year Region Demand Generated DC DC Local AC AC (MWh) (MWh) Imports Exports Generation Imports Exports (MWh) (MWh) Used (MWh) (MWh) (MWh) 4 43 4.27E+08 3.60E+08 0 0 3.52E+08 7.42E+07 7.23E+06 4 44 3.10E+08 3.10E+08 0 0 3.10E+08 0 0 4 45 1.16E+08 1.10E+08 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 1.08E+08 8.08E+06 1.73E+06 4 46 2.88E+07 7.02E+07 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 2.77E+07 1.05E+06 4.25E+07 4 47 1.51E+08 1.86E+08 0 3.07E+06 1.51E+08 0 3.17E+07 4 48 9.29E+07 9.29E+07 0 0 9.29E+07 0 5257.17 4 49 2.85E+07 2.87E+07 0 0 2.55E+07 3.07E+06 3.20E+06 4 50 1.10E+08 1.19E+08 0.00E+00 0 9.76E+07 1.22E+07 2.13E+07 4 51 3.14E+07 2.82E+07 0 0 2.24E+07 9.02E+06 5.86E+06 4 52 7.42E+07 8.44E+07 0 0 7.42E+07 0 1.02E+07 4 53 1.68E+09 1.50E+09 0 0.00E+00 1.48E+09 2.08E+08 2.25E+07 4 54 2.58E+07 3.00E+07 0 0 2.56E+07 172342 4.41E+06 4 55 1.21E+08 1.14E+08 0 28861500 7.85E+07 4.26E+07 6.54E+06 4 56 1.44E+07 4.61E+07 0 26967200 4.20E+06 1.02E+07 1.49E+07 4 57 5.94E+08 5.79E+08 0 0 4.75E+08 1.19E+08 1.05E+08 4 58 4.00E+07 4.05E+07 0.00E+00 0 3.26E+07 7.41E+06 7.98E+06 4 59 8.13E+06 7.71E+06 0 0 6.11E+06 2.01E+06 1.60E+06 4 60 1.73E+06 5.80E+06 0 0 1.73E+06 0 4.07E+06 4 61 8.82E+07 1.32E+08 0 4.94E+07 5.54E+07 3.28E+07 2.74E+07 4 62 6.01E+07 7.75E+07 0 0 4.77E+07 1.24E+07 2.99E+07 4 63 1.16E+08 1.35E+08 0 0.00E+00 1.16E+08 0 19034900 4 64 2.44E+07 1.03E+08 0 0 1.18E+07 1.27E+07 9.15E+07 4 65 1.63E+06 244891 0 0 244891 1.39E+06 0 4 66 1.04E+08 8.21E+07 0 0 7.01E+07 3.38E+07 1.20E+07 4 67 3.43E+07 3.31E+07 1.19E+06 0 3.31E+07 0 0 5 1 8.53E+07 2.29E+08 0 0 8.32E+07 2047880 1.46E+08 5 2 5.50E+07 3.44E+07 0 0 3.20E+07 2.30E+07 2.41E+06 5 3 6.81E+07 6.50E+07 0 0.00E+00 2.73E+07 4.08E+07 3.77E+07 5 4 1.37E+08 1.77E+08 0 0.00E+00 1.26E+08 1.14E+07 5.07E+07 5 5 1.23E+08 1.21E+08 1288960 0.00E+00 9.77E+07 2.40E+07 2.34E+07 5 6 1.19E+08 1.54E+08 0 0 1.14E+08 5.32E+06 4.02E+07 5 7 5.86E+07 1.80E+07 0 0.00E+00 1.71E+07 4.14E+07 8.90E+05 5 8 2.86E+07 2.05E+07 0 0 2.05E+07 8.07E+06 0 5 9 2.52E+08 2.50E+08 0 0 2.50E+08 2.09E+06 23215.5 5 10 1.49E+09 1.26E+09 5.50E+07 0 1.25E+09 1.87E+08 1.61E+07 5 11 4.56E+07 4.56E+07 0 0 4.56E+07 0 0 5 12 1.55E+07 9.03E+07 0 2.56E+07 1.45E+07 1.03E+06 5.02E+07 5 13 2.93E+08 3.55E+08 0 0 2.93E+08 0 6.19E+07 5 14 2.49E+08 2.39E+08 0.00E+00 0 2.35E+08 1.33E+07 3.84E+06 5 15 2.93E+07 2.58E+07 1.75E+06 0 2.36E+07 3.93E+06 2170310 5 16 1.84E+07 1.44E+07 0 0 1.30E+07 5.35E+06 1379970 5 17 3.17E+08 4.56E+08 0 0 3.17E+08 0 1.39E+08 5 18 1.02E+09 1.04E+09 0 2.01E+07 1.02E+09 0 0 5 19 1.83E+08 2.30E+08 1.95E+07 0 1.61E+08 2316020 6.92E+07 5 20 5.91E+08 5.91E+08 0 0 5.91E+08 0 0 5 21 4.49E+07 4.56E+07 0 0 4.48E+07 139504 755887 5 22 4.73E+07 4.82E+07 0 0 4.73E+07 0 911828 5 23 1.19E+07 1.66E+07 3917720 0 5.72E+06 2.23E+06 1.09E+07 5 24 6.36E+08 5.74E+08 0.00E+00 0 5.59E+08 7.67E+07 1.47E+07

245

Table A-28 (cont’d) Year Region Demand Generated DC DC Local AC AC (MWh) (MWh) Imports Exports Generation Imports Exports (MWh) (MWh) Used (MWh) (MWh) (MWh) 5 25 5.80E+06 8.30E+07 0 0 5.36E+06 434778 7.76E+07 5 26 7.72E+07 7.82E+07 0 0 7.14E+07 5.82E+06 6.82E+06 5 27 1.40E+08 1.56E+08 0 0 1.38E+08 2120750 1.84E+07 5 28 3.93E+08 3.33E+08 0.00E+00 0 3.30E+08 6.30E+07 2.91E+06 5 29 6.35E+07 1.62E+08 0 6.89E+07 6.35E+07 0 2.92E+07 5 30 4.45E+07 8.08E+07 0 2.24E+07 4.45E+07 0 1.39E+07 5 31 8.50E+07 1.16E+08 0 0 6.27E+07 2.23E+07 5.36E+07 5 32 1.04E+09 9.23E+08 22787500 0 8.36E+08 1.85E+08 8.63E+07 5 33 1.17E+08 1.20E+08 0 0 6.31E+07 5.37E+07 5.70E+07 5 34 1.19E+08 1.11E+08 0 0 3.66E+07 8.29E+07 7.47E+07 5 35 3.70E+07 4.72E+07 0 0 3.70E+07 0 1.02E+07 5 36 8.34E+07 8.43E+07 0 765788 8.34E+07 0.00E+00 128695 5 37 3.61E+07 3.45E+07 0 752473 3.38E+07 2.39E+06 4.70E+04 5 38 8.50E+07 6.64E+07 0 0 5.01E+07 3.49E+07 1.63E+07 5 39 1.10E+08 1.11E+08 0 0 1.09E+08 855158 1.29E+06 5 40 5.84E+07 5.84E+07 0 0.00E+00 5.84E+07 0 0 5 41 2.25E+09 2.17E+09 1.28E+08 0.00E+00 1.94E+09 1.79E+08 2.27E+08 5 42 6.20E+07 6.42E+07 0 0 6.20E+07 21790.9 2.22E+06 5 43 4.53E+08 4.31E+08 0 0 4.22E+08 3.06E+07 8.96E+06 5 44 3.30E+08 3.30E+08 0 0 3.30E+08 0 0 5 45 1.24E+08 1.15E+08 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 1.15E+08 8.62E+06 409079 5 46 3.02E+07 6.63E+07 65303 0.00E+00 2.95E+07 5.53E+05 3.68E+07 5 47 1.57E+08 1.89E+08 0 3.07E+06 1.57E+08 0 2.92E+07 5 48 9.67E+07 9.81E+07 0 0 9.67E+07 0 1.47E+06 5 49 2.90E+07 3.20E+07 0 0 2.90E+07 13808.6 3.06E+06 5 50 1.22E+08 1.33E+08 1.09E+07 0 1.04E+08 6.43E+06 2.90E+07 5 51 3.25E+07 3.13E+07 0 0 3.13E+07 1147970 0 5 52 7.91E+07 8.92E+07 0 0 7.86E+07 4.33E+05 1.05E+07 5 53 1.79E+09 1.68E+09 0 0.00E+00 1.68E+09 1.12E+08 0 5 54 2.76E+07 2.87E+07 0 0 2.59E+07 1.79E+06 2.81E+06 5 55 1.30E+08 1.32E+08 0 28861500 1.03E+08 2.72E+07 5.94E+05 5 56 1.47E+07 4.39E+07 0 26967200 1.13E+07 3398340 5.66E+06 5 57 5.98E+08 6.05E+08 0 0 5.31E+08 6.68E+07 7.43E+07 5 58 4.21E+07 4.11E+07 0 0 3.31E+07 8.92E+06 7.98E+06 5 59 8.67E+06 8.08E+06 0 0 6.52E+06 2.15E+06 1.56E+06 5 60 1.73E+06 6.03E+06 0 0 1.73E+06 0 4.30E+06 5 61 9.56E+07 1.48E+08 0 6.53E+07 7.28E+07 2.28E+07 9.56E+06 5 62 6.24E+07 7.67E+07 0 0 4.99E+07 1.25E+07 2.68E+07 5 63 1.22E+08 1.37E+08 0 0.00E+00 1.22E+08 0 15251200 5 64 2.59E+07 1.04E+08 1037550 0 1.30E+07 1.19E+07 9.13E+07 5 65 1.63E+06 114092 0 0 114092 1.52E+06 0 5 66 1.06E+08 7.21E+07 0.00E+00 0 6.45E+07 4.11E+07 7.59E+06 5 67 3.55E+07 3.42E+07 1.31E+06 0 3.42E+07 0 0 6 1 9.15E+07 2.42E+08 0 0 8.90E+07 2503150 1.52E+08 6 2 5.81E+07 3.79E+07 0 0 3.46E+07 2.35E+07 3332450 6 3 7.15E+07 5.40E+07 0 0.00E+00 2.65E+07 4.50E+07 2.76E+07 6 4 1.42E+08 1.92E+08 0 0.00E+00 1.18E+08 2.44E+07 7.42E+07 6 5 1.27E+08 1.19E+08 2669230 0.00E+00 1.04E+08 2.03E+07 1.43E+07 6 6 1.31E+08 1.77E+08 0 0 1.24E+08 6.59E+06 5.29E+07

246

Table A-28 (cont’d) Year Region Demand Generated DC DC Local AC AC (MWh) (MWh) Imports Exports Generation Imports Exports (MWh) (MWh) Used (MWh) (MWh) (MWh) 6 7 6.10E+07 2.46E+07 0 0.00E+00 1.70E+07 4.40E+07 7.61E+06 6 8 3.00E+07 2.15E+07 0 0 2.15E+07 8.48E+06 0 6 9 2.57E+08 2.58E+08 0 0 2.57E+08 6858.23 452298 6 10 1.55E+09 1.32E+09 5.50E+07 0 1.30E+09 1.98E+08 1.42E+07 6 11 4.76E+07 4.76E+07 0 0 4.76E+07 0 0 6 12 1.63E+07 1.08E+08 0 3.88E+07 1.63E+07 0.00E+00 5.26E+07 6 13 3.06E+08 3.71E+08 0 0 3.06E+08 0 6.52E+07 6 14 2.56E+08 2.44E+08 0.00E+00 0 2.42E+08 1.42E+07 2.23E+06 6 15 3.14E+07 2.62E+07 1881460 0 2.53E+07 4.21E+06 841697 6 16 1.96E+07 1.57E+07 0 0 1.51E+07 4.55E+06 6.17E+05 6 17 3.26E+08 5.42E+08 0 0 3.26E+08 0 2.17E+08 6 18 1.08E+09 1.16E+09 0 8.29E+07 1.08E+09 0 0 6 19 1.89E+08 2.08E+08 1.95E+07 0 1.67E+08 3140340 4.10E+07 6 20 6.36E+08 6.36E+08 0 0 6.36E+08 0 0 6 21 4.73E+07 4.84E+07 0 0 4.72E+07 179108 1.22E+06 6 22 4.89E+07 4.90E+07 0 0 4.89E+07 0 34628.9 6 23 1.27E+07 1.65E+07 4199580 0 5.55E+06 2.97E+06 1.09E+07 6 24 6.53E+08 5.92E+08 0.00E+00 0 5.82E+08 7.13E+07 1.02E+07 6 25 5.86E+06 8.14E+07 0 0 5.42E+06 439404 7.60E+07 6 26 8.06E+07 8.05E+07 0 0 7.95E+07 1044330 935189 6 27 1.46E+08 1.59E+08 0 0 1.46E+08 0 1.20E+07 6 28 3.96E+08 3.41E+08 0.00E+00 0 3.31E+08 6.52E+07 9.60E+06 6 29 6.62E+07 1.81E+08 0 6.89E+07 6.62E+07 0 4.55E+07 6 30 4.62E+07 8.06E+07 0 2.26E+07 4.62E+07 0 1.19E+07 6 31 9.05E+07 1.24E+08 0 0 7.45E+07 1.60E+07 4.94E+07 6 32 1.08E+09 9.80E+08 22787500 0 9.00E+08 1.53E+08 8.02E+07 6 33 1.22E+08 1.20E+08 0 0 6.16E+07 6.03E+07 5.87E+07 6 34 1.21E+08 1.07E+08 0 0 3.19E+07 8.94E+07 7.48E+07 6 35 3.85E+07 4.84E+07 0 0 3.85E+07 0 9.94E+06 6 36 8.82E+07 9.21E+07 0 765788 8.82E+07 0.00E+00 3104070 6 37 3.79E+07 3.54E+07 0 752473 3.46E+07 3.37E+06 4.70E+04 6 38 8.95E+07 6.70E+07 0 0 4.84E+07 4.10E+07 1.86E+07 6 39 1.15E+08 1.13E+08 0 0 1.11E+08 3.42E+06 1.73E+06 6 40 6.08E+07 6.27E+07 0 0.00E+00 6.08E+07 0 1875930 6 41 2.34E+09 2.21E+09 1.51E+08 0.00E+00 2.04E+09 1.49E+08 1.72E+08 6 42 6.61E+07 6.40E+07 0 0 6.40E+07 2.07E+06 2247.62 6 43 4.79E+08 4.74E+08 0 0 4.62E+08 1.72E+07 1.13E+07 6 44 3.50E+08 3.45E+08 0 0 3.45E+08 5.78E+06 0 6 45 1.31E+08 1.22E+08 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 1.22E+08 9.66E+06 460709 6 46 3.16E+07 6.81E+07 121432 0.00E+00 3.09E+07 5.81E+05 3.72E+07 6 47 1.63E+08 1.85E+08 0 3.07E+06 1.63E+08 0 1.86E+07 6 48 1.00E+08 1.03E+08 0 0 1.00E+08 0 2.18E+06 6 49 2.94E+07 3.17E+07 0 0 2.88E+07 641531 2.91E+06 6 50 1.34E+08 1.41E+08 1.15E+07 0 1.13E+08 9.23E+06 2.84E+07 6 51 3.36E+07 3.21E+07 0 0 3.21E+07 1418910 0 6 52 8.39E+07 9.27E+07 0 0 8.39E+07 0 8.74E+06 6 53 1.90E+09 1.69E+09 56210900 0.00E+00 1.69E+09 1.63E+08 0 6 54 2.95E+07 2.91E+07 0 0 2.74E+07 2.14E+06 1.74E+06 6 55 1.39E+08 1.54E+08 0 28861500 1.21E+08 1.79E+07 4.67E+06

247

Table A-28 (cont’d) Year Region Demand Generated DC DC Local AC AC (MWh) (MWh) Imports Exports Generation Imports Exports (MWh) (MWh) Used (MWh) (MWh) (MWh) 6 56 1.49E+07 4.57E+07 0 26967200 1.46E+07 321280 4.09E+06 6 57 6.02E+08 5.99E+08 0 0 5.52E+08 4.94E+07 4.64E+07 6 58 4.42E+07 4.30E+07 0.00E+00 0 3.46E+07 9.63E+06 8.43E+06 6 59 9.21E+06 8.61E+06 0 0 5.86E+06 3.35E+06 2.75E+06 6 60 1.73E+06 4.95E+06 0 0 1.73E+06 0 3.22E+06 6 61 1.03E+08 1.66E+08 0 7.68E+07 7.49E+07 2.80E+07 1.47E+07 6 62 6.48E+07 7.69E+07 0 0 5.02E+07 1.46E+07 2.67E+07 6 63 1.28E+08 1.55E+08 0 0.00E+00 1.28E+08 0 26556700 6 64 2.74E+07 1.06E+08 1037550 0 1.60E+07 1.04E+07 8.95E+07 6 65 1.63E+06 114092 0 0 114092 1.52E+06 0 6 66 1.07E+08 7.51E+07 0.00E+00 0 6.37E+07 4.37E+07 1.14E+07 6 67 3.67E+07 3.52E+07 1.42E+06 0 3.52E+07 0 0 7 1 9.78E+07 2.71E+08 0 0 9.52E+07 2568880 1.76E+08 7 2 6.13E+07 3.72E+07 0 0 3.41E+07 2.71E+07 3105060 7 3 7.49E+07 5.72E+07 0 0.00E+00 2.65E+07 4.84E+07 3.07E+07 7 4 1.47E+08 1.91E+08 0 0.00E+00 1.15E+08 3.19E+07 7.60E+07 7 5 1.32E+08 1.27E+08 2669230 0.00E+00 1.13E+08 1.58E+07 1.35E+07 7 6 1.42E+08 2.07E+08 0 0 1.34E+08 7.84E+06 7.28E+07 7 7 6.35E+07 2.44E+07 0 0.00E+00 1.27E+07 5.08E+07 1.17E+07 7 8 3.14E+07 2.33E+07 0 0 2.33E+07 8.06E+06 0 7 9 2.62E+08 2.63E+08 0 0 2.62E+08 4748.54 1.05E+06 7 10 1.62E+09 1.36E+09 5.95E+07 0 1.35E+09 2.15E+08 1.47E+07 7 11 4.96E+07 4.96E+07 0 0 4.96E+07 0 0 7 12 1.70E+07 1.25E+08 0 5.42E+07 1.70E+07 2.33E+03 5.35E+07 7 13 3.19E+08 3.83E+08 0 0 3.19E+08 0 6.43E+07 7 14 2.64E+08 2.50E+08 0.00E+00 0 2.47E+08 1.70E+07 3.94E+06 7 15 3.36E+07 2.82E+07 2.57E+06 0 2.70E+07 3.93E+06 1177240 7 16 2.09E+07 1.91E+07 0 0 1.67E+07 4.22E+06 2404410 7 17 3.34E+08 5.43E+08 0 0 3.34E+08 0 2.09E+08 7 18 1.14E+09 1.28E+09 0.00E+00 1.45E+08 1.14E+09 0 0 7 19 1.96E+08 2.01E+08 1.95E+07 0 1.73E+08 4025770 2.78E+07 7 20 6.81E+08 6.81E+08 0 0 6.81E+08 0 0 7 21 4.97E+07 4.87E+07 0 0 4.79E+07 1.83E+06 755887 7 22 5.06E+07 5.09E+07 0 0 5.06E+07 0 311932 7 23 1.36E+07 1.70E+07 4481440 0 6.07E+06 3.03E+06 1.09E+07 7 24 6.70E+08 6.06E+08 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 6.01E+08 6.89E+07 5.58E+06 7 25 5.92E+06 8.39E+07 0 0 5.48E+06 444030 7.84E+07 7 26 8.39E+07 8.27E+07 0 0 7.61E+07 7.84E+06 6.62E+06 7 27 1.53E+08 1.61E+08 0 0 1.52E+08 7.40E+05 8.48E+06 7 28 3.99E+08 3.43E+08 0.00E+00 0 3.33E+08 6.55E+07 9.67E+06 7 29 6.89E+07 1.99E+08 0 7.36E+07 6.89E+07 0 5.65E+07 7 30 4.79E+07 8.11E+07 0 2.27E+07 4.79E+07 0 1.05E+07 7 31 9.61E+07 1.28E+08 0 0 7.58E+07 2.03E+07 5.17E+07 7 32 1.11E+09 1.03E+09 22787500 0 9.57E+08 1.27E+08 7.76E+07 7 33 1.27E+08 1.17E+08 0 0 6.16E+07 6.55E+07 5.56E+07 7 34 1.23E+08 1.07E+08 0 0 1.92E+07 1.04E+08 8.76E+07 7 35 4.00E+07 4.86E+07 0 0 4.00E+07 0 8.59E+06 7 36 9.30E+07 9.85E+07 0 765788 9.30E+07 0 4674270 7 37 3.98E+07 3.68E+07 0 752473 3.60E+07 3.77E+06 4.70E+04

248

Table A-28 (cont’d) Year Region Demand Generated DC DC Local AC AC (MWh) (MWh) Imports Exports Generation Imports Exports (MWh) (MWh) Used (MWh) (MWh) (MWh) 7 38 9.40E+07 6.67E+07 0 0 4.47E+07 4.92E+07 2.19E+07 7 39 1.19E+08 1.16E+08 0 0 1.14E+08 5.16E+06 1.78E+06 7 40 6.32E+07 6.34E+07 0 0.00E+00 6.32E+07 0 128407 7 41 2.43E+09 2.26E+09 1.70E+08 0.00E+00 2.11E+09 1.42E+08 1.46E+08 7 42 7.02E+07 6.91E+07 0 0 6.91E+07 1.10E+06 0 7 43 5.06E+08 4.98E+08 0 0 4.84E+08 2.17E+07 1.33E+07 7 44 3.70E+08 3.65E+08 0 0 3.65E+08 5756490 0 7 45 1.39E+08 1.30E+08 4.92E+06 0.00E+00 1.29E+08 5.23E+06 1.20E+06 7 46 3.30E+07 6.55E+07 121432 0.00E+00 3.20E+07 8.18E+05 3.34E+07 7 47 1.69E+08 1.89E+08 0 3.07E+06 1.69E+08 0 17170400 7 48 1.04E+08 1.07E+08 0 0 1.04E+08 0 2.90E+06 7 49 2.99E+07 3.23E+07 0 0 2.95E+07 332147 2.77E+06 7 50 1.46E+08 1.47E+08 1.54E+07 0 1.19E+08 1.15E+07 2.84E+07 7 51 3.46E+07 3.29E+07 0 0 3.29E+07 1689840 0 7 52 8.88E+07 1.01E+08 0 0 8.85E+07 239033 1.28E+07 7 53 2.01E+09 1.75E+09 105154000 0.00E+00 1.75E+09 1.56E+08 0 7 54 3.13E+07 2.89E+07 0 0 2.78E+07 3.57E+06 1.18E+06 7 55 1.48E+08 1.74E+08 0.00E+00 3.36E+07 1.31E+08 1.65E+07 8.86E+06 7 56 1.52E+07 4.53E+07 0 26967200 1.49E+07 336443 3.48E+06 7 57 6.06E+08 6.09E+08 0 0 5.69E+08 3.68E+07 4.05E+07 7 58 4.63E+07 4.36E+07 0.00E+00 0 3.56E+07 1.07E+07 7.98E+06 7 59 9.76E+06 8.43E+06 0 0 6.31E+06 3.45E+06 2.12E+06 7 60 1.73E+06 5.05E+06 0 0 1.73E+06 0 3.32E+06 7 61 1.10E+08 1.73E+08 0 7.68E+07 7.75E+07 3.28E+07 1.84E+07 7 62 6.72E+07 7.59E+07 0 0 4.96E+07 1.76E+07 2.63E+07 7 63 1.35E+08 1.55E+08 0 0.00E+00 1.35E+08 0.00E+00 1.99E+07 7 64 2.89E+07 1.20E+08 1037550 0 1.77E+07 1.02E+07 1.03E+08 7 65 1.63E+06 114092 0 0 114092 1.52E+06 0 7 66 1.09E+08 8.12E+07 0.00E+00 0 6.71E+07 4.21E+07 1.41E+07 7 67 3.78E+07 3.63E+07 1.54E+06 0 3.63E+07 0 0 8 1 1.04E+08 2.71E+08 0 0 1.00E+08 3866030 1.71E+08 8 2 6.44E+07 3.64E+07 0 0 3.52E+07 2.92E+07 1135330 8 3 7.83E+07 6.82E+07 0 0.00E+00 4.74E+07 3.08E+07 2.08E+07 8 4 1.51E+08 1.86E+08 0 0.00E+00 1.17E+08 3.48E+07 6.95E+07 8 5 1.36E+08 1.20E+08 2001920 7.08E+05 1.19E+08 1.49E+07 2.77E+04 8 6 1.53E+08 2.25E+08 1.24E+06 438705 1.45E+08 6.74E+06 7.95E+07 8 7 6.60E+07 2.45E+07 0 0.00E+00 1.65E+07 4.95E+07 7.99E+06 8 8 3.28E+07 2.67E+07 0 0 2.67E+07 6.07E+06 0 8 9 2.67E+08 2.69E+08 0 0 2.67E+08 4.87E+05 1988540 8 10 1.69E+09 1.40E+09 7.17E+07 0 1.39E+09 2.25E+08 8.06E+06 8 11 5.15E+07 5.15E+07 0 0.00E+00 5.15E+07 0 0 8 12 1.77E+07 1.43E+08 0 6.71E+07 1.77E+07 0.00E+00 5.79E+07 8 13 3.31E+08 3.95E+08 0 0 3.31E+08 0 6.31E+07 8 14 2.71E+08 2.56E+08 0.00E+00 0 2.52E+08 1.94E+07 4.47E+06 8 15 3.57E+07 3.25E+07 4.67E+06 830176 2.88E+07 2.25E+06 2922890 8 16 2.21E+07 1.93E+07 0 0 1.85E+07 3.67E+06 857142 8 17 3.42E+08 6.44E+08 0 0 3.42E+08 0 3.02E+08 8 18 1.20E+09 1.38E+09 8.95E+06 1.92E+08 1.19E+09 0 0 8 19 2.03E+08 2.17E+08 1.95E+07 0 1.79E+08 4850090 3.86E+07

249

Table A-28 (cont’d) Year Region Demand Generated DC DC Local AC AC (MWh) (MWh) Imports Exports Generation Imports Exports (MWh) (MWh) Used (MWh) (MWh) (MWh) 8 20 7.26E+08 7.23E+08 0 0 7.23E+08 2.71E+06 0 8 21 5.21E+07 4.98E+07 0 0 4.91E+07 3.06E+06 755887 8 22 5.22E+07 5.46E+07 0 0 5.22E+07 0 2384440 8 23 1.44E+07 1.65E+07 4763300 0 5.59E+06 4.08E+06 1.09E+07 8 24 6.87E+08 6.06E+08 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 6.05E+08 8.12E+07 1.01E+06 8 25 5.98E+06 8.73E+07 0 0 5.62E+06 362418 8.16E+07 8 26 8.73E+07 8.88E+07 0 0 7.14E+07 1.59E+07 1.73E+07 8 27 1.59E+08 1.63E+08 0 0 1.59E+08 0 3.64E+06 8 28 4.02E+08 3.63E+08 0.00E+00 0 3.53E+08 4.84E+07 9.67E+06 8 29 7.17E+07 2.17E+08 0 7.36E+07 7.17E+07 0 7.21E+07 8 30 4.97E+07 7.93E+07 0 2.28E+07 4.97E+07 0 6.83E+06 8 31 1.02E+08 1.30E+08 0 0 7.64E+07 2.53E+07 5.35E+07 8 32 1.14E+09 1.13E+09 22787500 0 1.04E+09 7.46E+07 9.14E+07 8 33 1.32E+08 1.26E+08 0 0 6.69E+07 6.53E+07 5.91E+07 8 34 1.25E+08 1.07E+08 0 0 3.41E+07 9.08E+07 7.27E+07 8 35 4.15E+07 4.88E+07 0 0 4.15E+07 0 7.27E+06 8 36 9.78E+07 1.02E+08 0 765788 9.78E+07 0 3707480 8 37 4.16E+07 3.69E+07 0 752473 3.61E+07 5.47E+06 4.70E+04 8 38 9.85E+07 6.86E+07 0 0 4.74E+07 5.11E+07 2.13E+07 8 39 1.24E+08 1.20E+08 0 0 1.18E+08 6.08E+06 2141870 8 40 6.57E+07 6.57E+07 0 0.00E+00 6.57E+07 0 0 8 41 2.52E+09 2.26E+09 1.82E+08 0.00E+00 2.17E+09 1.62E+08 8.80E+07 8 42 7.42E+07 7.27E+07 0 0 7.24E+07 1866510 3.23E+05 8 43 5.32E+08 5.25E+08 0 0 5.06E+08 2.67E+07 1.97E+07 8 44 3.91E+08 3.86E+08 0 0 3.86E+08 4714890 0 8 45 1.47E+08 1.24E+08 1.34E+07 0.00E+00 1.24E+08 8.98E+06 0.00E+00 8 46 3.44E+07 6.87E+07 1.10E+06 5.72E+05 3.33E+07 0 3.49E+07 8 47 1.75E+08 1.96E+08 0 3.07E+06 1.75E+08 0 17606100 8 48 1.08E+08 1.12E+08 0 0 1.08E+08 0 3.52E+06 8 49 3.03E+07 3.20E+07 0 0 2.94E+07 877843 2.62E+06 8 50 1.58E+08 1.53E+08 2.17E+07 0 1.25E+08 1.11E+07 2.83E+07 8 51 3.57E+07 3.38E+07 0 0 3.38E+07 1960780 0 8 52 9.36E+07 1.06E+08 0 0 9.33E+07 316853 1.28E+07 8 53 2.12E+09 1.76E+09 122778000 0.00E+00 1.75E+09 2.47E+08 325262 8 54 3.32E+07 2.93E+07 0 0 2.90E+07 4.20E+06 374886 8 55 1.57E+08 1.95E+08 7.72E+06 5.33E+07 1.32E+08 1.65E+07 9.40E+06 8 56 1.55E+07 4.42E+07 0 26967200 1.50E+07 406940 2.19E+06 8 57 6.10E+08 6.60E+08 0 0 5.90E+08 1.96E+07 6.98E+07 8 58 4.84E+07 4.44E+07 0.00E+00 0 3.64E+07 1.20E+07 7.98E+06 8 59 1.03E+07 9.18E+06 0 0 6.63E+06 3.67E+06 2.56E+06 8 60 1.73E+06 5.05E+06 0 0 1.73E+06 0 3.32E+06 8 61 1.18E+08 1.70E+08 0 7.68E+07 8.21E+07 3.55E+07 1.11E+07 8 62 6.95E+07 7.84E+07 0 0 5.17E+07 1.79E+07 2.67E+07 8 63 1.41E+08 1.54E+08 0 0.00E+00 1.41E+08 0.00E+00 1.35E+07 8 64 3.04E+07 1.37E+08 1037550 0 2.72E+07 2.22E+06 1.10E+08 8 65 1.63E+06 535730 0 0 535730 1.10E+06 0 8 66 1.11E+08 7.75E+07 0.00E+00 0 7.00E+07 4.09E+07 7.59E+06 8 67 3.90E+07 3.73E+07 1.66E+06 0 3.73E+07 0 0 9 1 1.10E+08 2.69E+08 0 0 1.08E+08 2572480 1.61E+08

250

Table A-28 (cont’d) Year Region Demand Generated DC DC Local AC AC (MWh) (MWh) Imports Exports Generation Imports Exports (MWh) (MWh) Used (MWh) (MWh) (MWh) 9 2 6.75E+07 3.79E+07 0 0 3.59E+07 3.17E+07 2054090 9 3 8.17E+07 7.50E+07 0 0.00E+00 6.75E+07 1.41E+07 7.42E+06 9 4 1.56E+08 1.94E+08 0 0.00E+00 1.23E+08 3.35E+07 7.14E+07 9 5 1.40E+08 1.34E+08 2001920 7.08E+05 1.23E+08 1.55E+07 1.07E+07 9 6 1.65E+08 2.35E+08 1238350 0 1.56E+08 7.18E+06 7.89E+07 9 7 6.85E+07 2.06E+07 0 0.00E+00 1.95E+07 4.90E+07 1.06E+06 9 8 3.42E+07 3.01E+07 0 0 3.01E+07 4.13E+06 0 9 9 2.72E+08 2.69E+08 0 0 2.68E+08 4.19E+06 866970 9 10 1.75E+09 1.45E+09 8.66E+07 0 1.44E+09 2.32E+08 1.10E+07 9 11 5.35E+07 5.83E+07 0 4.79E+06 5.35E+07 0 0 9 12 1.84E+07 1.59E+08 0 7.80E+07 1.83E+07 1.48E+05 6.27E+07 9 13 3.44E+08 4.06E+08 0 0 3.44E+08 0 6.16E+07 9 14 2.79E+08 2.59E+08 0.00E+00 0 2.57E+08 2.18E+07 2.35E+06 9 15 3.78E+07 3.73E+07 4.76E+06 1775780 3.05E+07 2.57E+06 5.05E+06 9 16 2.34E+07 2.05E+07 0 0 1.99E+07 3.51E+06 6.29E+05 9 17 3.50E+08 6.17E+08 0 0 3.50E+08 0 2.66E+08 9 18 1.25E+09 1.45E+09 1.71E+07 2.17E+08 1.24E+09 0 0 9 19 2.10E+08 2.75E+08 1.95E+07 0 1.85E+08 5674420 9.06E+07 9 20 7.71E+08 7.66E+08 0 0 7.66E+08 4.96E+06 0 9 21 5.45E+07 5.47E+07 0 0 5.40E+07 586263 755887 9 22 5.38E+07 5.68E+07 0 0.00E+00 5.38E+07 0 2.97E+06 9 23 1.53E+07 1.65E+07 5045170 0 5.60E+06 4.64E+06 1.09E+07 9 24 7.03E+08 6.29E+08 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 6.29E+08 7.46E+07 0 9 25 6.04E+06 8.32E+07 0 0 5.78E+06 259248 7.74E+07 9 26 9.07E+07 8.82E+07 0 0 6.98E+07 2.08E+07 1.83E+07 9 27 1.65E+08 1.70E+08 0 0 1.65E+08 4.44E+05 5.34E+06 9 28 4.04E+08 3.79E+08 0.00E+00 0 3.70E+08 3.47E+07 9.67E+06 9 29 7.44E+07 2.17E+08 0 7.36E+07 7.44E+07 0 6.89E+07 9 30 5.14E+07 8.02E+07 0 2.29E+07 5.14E+07 0 5.87E+06 9 31 1.07E+08 1.34E+08 0 0 8.14E+07 2.59E+07 5.26E+07 9 32 1.17E+09 1.14E+09 22787500 0 1.05E+09 9.17E+07 8.39E+07 9 33 1.37E+08 1.26E+08 0 0 7.19E+07 6.55E+07 5.42E+07 9 34 1.27E+08 1.08E+08 0 0 4.78E+07 7.89E+07 6.00E+07 9 35 4.30E+07 4.62E+07 0 0 4.30E+07 0 3.23E+06 9 36 1.03E+08 1.06E+08 0 765788 1.03E+08 0 2.51E+06 9 37 4.34E+07 3.74E+07 0 752473 3.67E+07 6.72E+06 0.00E+00 9 38 1.03E+08 6.71E+07 0 0 4.51E+07 5.78E+07 2.20E+07 9 39 1.29E+08 1.25E+08 0 0 1.23E+08 5.54E+06 2.14E+06 9 40 6.81E+07 6.93E+07 0 0.00E+00 6.77E+07 3.68E+05 1.58E+06 9 41 2.61E+09 2.31E+09 1.93E+08 0.00E+00 2.20E+09 2.19E+08 1.09E+08 9 42 7.83E+07 8.24E+07 0 0 7.79E+07 403185 4.46E+06 9 43 5.59E+08 5.50E+08 0 0 5.27E+08 3.16E+07 2.26E+07 9 44 4.11E+08 4.09E+08 0 0 4.09E+08 1413390 0 9 45 1.54E+08 1.29E+08 1.65E+07 0.00E+00 1.29E+08 9.18E+06 0.00E+00 9 46 3.58E+07 6.55E+07 4.55E+06 2.37E+06 3.12E+07 63433 3.19E+07 9 47 1.82E+08 2.04E+08 0 3.07E+06 1.82E+08 0 19285800 9 48 1.12E+08 1.15E+08 0 0 1.12E+08 0 2.88E+06 9 49 3.07E+07 3.27E+07 0 0 3.02E+07 5.53E+05 2.48E+06 9 50 1.70E+08 1.65E+08 2.17E+07 0 1.37E+08 1.17E+07 2.84E+07

251

Table A-28 (cont’d) Year Region Demand Generated DC DC Local AC AC (MWh) (MWh) Imports Exports Generation Imports Exports (MWh) (MWh) Used (MWh) (MWh) (MWh) 9 51 3.68E+07 3.46E+07 0 0 3.44E+07 2.44E+06 2.07E+05 9 52 9.85E+07 1.11E+08 0 0 9.85E+07 0 1.28E+07 9 53 2.23E+09 1.88E+09 1.26E+08 0.00E+00 1.88E+09 2.27E+08 3232930 9 54 3.50E+07 2.93E+07 0 0 2.93E+07 5.69E+06 0 9 55 1.65E+08 2.05E+08 2.23E+07 7.05E+07 1.25E+08 1.80E+07 9.56E+06 9 56 1.57E+07 4.55E+07 0 26967200 1.54E+07 278813 3.07E+06 9 57 6.14E+08 6.87E+08 0 0 5.87E+08 2.69E+07 1.00E+08 9 58 5.05E+07 4.58E+07 0.00E+00 0 3.79E+07 1.26E+07 7.98E+06 9 59 1.08E+07 9.13E+06 0 0 6.92E+06 3.92E+06 2.20E+06 9 60 1.73E+06 6.03E+06 0 0 1.73E+06 0 4.30E+06 9 61 1.25E+08 1.76E+08 0 7.68E+07 9.01E+07 3.48E+07 9.23E+06 9 62 7.19E+07 7.84E+07 0 0 5.23E+07 1.97E+07 2.62E+07 9 63 1.47E+08 1.66E+08 0 0.00E+00 1.47E+08 0.00E+00 1.91E+07 9 64 3.19E+07 1.51E+08 1037550 0 2.90E+07 1.93E+06 1.22E+08 9 65 1.63E+06 5.36E+05 0 0 535730 1.10E+06 0 9 66 1.13E+08 7.97E+07 0.00E+00 0 6.84E+07 4.43E+07 1.14E+07 9 67 4.01E+07 3.84E+07 1.78E+06 0 3.84E+07 0 0 10 1 1.16E+08 2.75E+08 0 0 1.15E+08 1504760 1.60E+08 10 2 7.07E+07 3.67E+07 0 0 3.32E+07 3.75E+07 3529390 10 3 8.51E+07 7.91E+07 0 0.00E+00 7.25E+07 1.26E+07 6.64E+06 10 4 1.61E+08 1.92E+08 0 0.00E+00 1.27E+08 3.38E+07 6.48E+07 10 5 1.45E+08 1.31E+08 4680860 1.66E+06 1.30E+08 1.02E+07 1.77E+03 10 6 1.76E+08 2.38E+08 1238350 438705 1.63E+08 1.17E+07 7.45E+07 10 7 7.10E+07 3.04E+07 0 0.00E+00 2.78E+07 4.32E+07 2.65E+06 10 8 3.56E+07 3.37E+07 0 0 3.37E+07 1.94E+06 0 10 9 2.77E+08 2.77E+08 0 0 2.73E+08 3.53E+06 3.46E+06 10 10 1.82E+09 1.48E+09 9.52E+07 0 1.48E+09 2.46E+08 4.13E+06 10 11 5.55E+07 5.96E+07 0 5.67E+06 5.40E+07 1511520 0 10 12 1.92E+07 1.58E+08 0 8.12E+07 1.90E+07 1.33E+05 5.80E+07 10 13 3.57E+08 4.20E+08 0 0 3.57E+08 0.00E+00 6.27E+07 10 14 2.86E+08 2.70E+08 0.00E+00 0 2.65E+08 2.05E+07 4.09E+06 10 15 3.99E+07 4.77E+07 7.99E+06 4454040 3.03E+07 1.60E+06 1.29E+07 10 16 2.46E+07 2.36E+07 0 0 2.09E+07 3.70E+06 2.69E+06 10 17 3.58E+08 6.87E+08 0 0 3.58E+08 0 3.28E+08 10 18 1.31E+09 1.53E+09 2.55E+07 2.45E+08 1.29E+09 0 0 10 19 2.17E+08 2.78E+08 1.95E+07 0 1.91E+08 6498750 8.75E+07 10 20 8.16E+08 8.16E+08 0 0 8.16E+08 0 0 10 21 5.69E+07 5.77E+07 0 0 5.69E+07 37519.2 755887 10 22 5.54E+07 6.40E+07 0 0.00E+00 5.52E+07 192486 8.75E+06 10 23 1.61E+07 2.08E+07 5045170 0 9.93E+06 1.17E+06 1.09E+07 10 24 7.20E+08 6.29E+08 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 6.29E+08 9.15E+07 0 10 25 6.11E+06 8.48E+07 0 0 5.73E+06 371670 7.90E+07 10 26 9.40E+07 9.14E+07 0 0 7.23E+07 2.18E+07 1.91E+07 10 27 1.72E+08 1.70E+08 0 0 1.64E+08 7.19E+06 5.22E+06 10 28 4.07E+08 4.06E+08 0.00E+00 0 3.91E+08 1.62E+07 1.54E+07 10 29 7.71E+07 2.21E+08 0 7.75E+07 7.71E+07 0 6.65E+07 10 30 5.31E+07 8.09E+07 0 2.31E+07 5.31E+07 0 4.71E+06 10 31 1.13E+08 1.36E+08 0 0 8.29E+07 2.99E+07 5.35E+07 10 32 1.20E+09 1.21E+09 22787500 0 1.11E+09 6.75E+07 1.03E+08

252

Table A-28 (cont’d) Year Region Demand Generated DC DC Local AC AC (MWh) (MWh) Imports Exports Generation Imports Exports (MWh) (MWh) Used (MWh) (MWh) (MWh) 10 33 1.43E+08 1.30E+08 0 0 8.24E+07 6.01E+07 4.74E+07 10 34 1.29E+08 1.09E+08 0 0 4.37E+07 8.49E+07 6.53E+07 10 35 4.45E+07 4.85E+07 0 0 4.45E+07 0 4.01E+06 10 36 1.07E+08 1.13E+08 0 765788 1.07E+08 0 4.84E+06 10 37 4.52E+07 4.12E+07 0 752473 4.04E+07 4.77E+06 0.00E+00 10 38 1.07E+08 6.81E+07 0 0 4.68E+07 6.06E+07 2.13E+07 10 39 1.33E+08 1.32E+08 0 0 1.28E+08 5.41E+06 3.85E+06 10 40 7.05E+07 7.41E+07 0 0.00E+00 6.93E+07 1.26E+06 4.81E+06 10 41 2.70E+09 2.35E+09 2.09E+08 0.00E+00 2.27E+09 2.18E+08 8.06E+07 10 42 8.24E+07 8.21E+07 0 0 8.21E+07 275993 0.00E+00 10 43 5.85E+08 5.69E+08 0 0 5.49E+08 3.65E+07 2.07E+07 10 44 4.31E+08 4.31E+08 0 0 4.31E+08 0 0 10 45 1.62E+08 1.34E+08 1.61E+07 0.00E+00 1.34E+08 1.22E+07 7.86E+05 10 46 3.72E+07 6.95E+07 9.02E+06 4.55E+06 2.81E+07 6.34E+04 3.69E+07 10 47 1.88E+08 2.02E+08 0 3.07E+06 1.88E+08 0 1.12E+07 10 48 1.16E+08 1.19E+08 0 0 1.16E+08 0 3842670 10 49 3.12E+07 3.35E+07 0 0 3.00E+07 1.21E+06 3.55E+06 10 50 1.82E+08 1.73E+08 2.17E+07 0 1.44E+08 1.60E+07 2.84E+07 10 51 3.79E+07 3.56E+07 0 0 3.42E+07 3.65E+06 1.38E+06 10 52 1.03E+08 1.16E+08 0 0 1.03E+08 0 1.28E+07 10 53 2.34E+09 1.95E+09 1.26E+08 0.00E+00 1.94E+09 2.78E+08 7184300 10 54 3.69E+07 2.96E+07 4.01E+05 139742 2.94E+07 7.05E+06 0 10 55 1.74E+08 2.15E+08 3.85E+07 8.11E+07 1.24E+08 1.12E+07 9.56E+06 10 56 1.60E+07 4.49E+07 0 26967200 1.60E+07 0 1.94E+06 10 57 6.18E+08 6.99E+08 0 0 5.96E+08 2.20E+07 1.03E+08 10 58 5.26E+07 4.33E+07 0.00E+00 0 3.37E+07 1.89E+07 9.57E+06 10 59 1.14E+07 1.05E+07 0 0 8.36E+06 3.03E+06 2.14E+06 10 60 1.73E+06 2.80E+06 0 0 1.73E+06 0 1.07E+06 10 61 1.32E+08 1.87E+08 0 8.74E+07 9.04E+07 4.19E+07 8.69E+06 10 62 7.43E+07 8.14E+07 0 0 5.40E+07 2.02E+07 2.73E+07 10 63 1.54E+08 1.87E+08 0 0.00E+00 1.54E+08 0.00E+00 3.31E+07 10 64 3.34E+07 1.64E+08 778159 0 3.14E+07 1.31E+06 1.33E+08 10 65 1.63E+06 535730 0 0 535730 1.10E+06 0 10 66 1.14E+08 7.36E+07 0.00E+00 0 6.85E+07 4.59E+07 5.14E+06 10 67 4.13E+07 3.94E+07 1.89E+06 0 3.94E+07 0 0 11 1 1.23E+08 2.77E+08 0 0 1.23E+08 0 1.54E+08 11 2 7.38E+07 3.55E+07 0 0 3.45E+07 3.93E+07 1022510 11 3 8.85E+07 8.14E+07 0 0.00E+00 7.48E+07 1.37E+07 6.64E+06 11 4 1.65E+08 1.88E+08 0 0.00E+00 1.30E+08 3.50E+07 5.77E+07 11 5 1.49E+08 1.50E+08 4680860 1.66E+06 1.39E+08 5.57E+06 9.48E+06 11 6 1.87E+08 2.44E+08 1238350 438705 1.72E+08 1.41E+07 7.15E+07 11 7 7.35E+07 3.03E+07 0 0.00E+00 2.96E+07 4.39E+07 6.93E+05 11 8 3.70E+07 3.52E+07 0 0 3.52E+07 1.85E+06 0 11 9 2.82E+08 3.05E+08 0 2.14E+07 2.75E+08 6.99E+06 8.83E+06 11 10 1.89E+09 1.53E+09 1.15E+08 0 1.53E+09 2.48E+08 7.84E+06 11 11 5.75E+07 6.29E+07 0 5.67E+06 5.73E+07 178767 0 11 12 1.99E+07 1.59E+08 0 8.12E+07 1.99E+07 0.00E+00 5.79E+07 11 13 3.70E+08 4.39E+08 0 0 3.63E+08 7.04E+06 7.55E+07 11 14 2.94E+08 2.78E+08 0.00E+00 0 2.75E+08 1.86E+07 3.01E+06

253

Table A-28 (cont’d) Year Region Demand Generated DC DC Local AC AC (MWh) (MWh) Imports Exports Generation Imports Exports (MWh) (MWh) Used (MWh) (MWh) (MWh) 11 15 4.21E+07 5.44E+07 9.70E+06 8252360 2.83E+07 4.03E+06 1.78E+07 11 16 2.59E+07 2.34E+07 0 0 2.21E+07 3.79E+06 1.26E+06 11 17 3.67E+08 6.53E+08 0 0 3.67E+08 0 2.87E+08 11 18 1.37E+09 1.60E+09 3.11E+07 2.62E+08 1.34E+09 0 0 11 19 2.24E+08 3.20E+08 1.95E+07 0 1.97E+08 7323070 1.23E+08 11 20 8.61E+08 8.51E+08 0 0 8.51E+08 9.47E+06 0 11 21 5.93E+07 5.86E+07 0 0 5.78E+07 1.54E+06 755887 11 22 5.71E+07 7.37E+07 0 0.00E+00 5.46E+07 2.48E+06 1.91E+07 11 23 1.70E+07 2.16E+07 4151610 964225 9.76E+06 3.09E+06 1.09E+07 11 24 7.37E+08 6.62E+08 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 6.61E+08 7.57E+07 827058 11 25 6.17E+06 7.96E+07 0 0 5.79E+06 376296 7.38E+07 11 26 9.74E+07 9.37E+07 0.00E+00 0 7.86E+07 1.88E+07 1.51E+07 11 27 1.78E+08 1.70E+08 0 0 1.61E+08 1.66E+07 8.60E+06 11 28 4.10E+08 4.09E+08 0.00E+00 0 3.93E+08 1.66E+07 1.54E+07 11 29 7.99E+07 2.26E+08 0 8.31E+07 7.99E+07 0 6.30E+07 11 30 5.48E+07 8.29E+07 0 2.31E+07 5.48E+07 0 4.97E+06 11 31 1.18E+08 1.38E+08 0 0 8.49E+07 3.34E+07 5.26E+07 11 32 1.23E+09 1.23E+09 22787500 0 1.15E+09 5.91E+07 8.52E+07 11 33 1.48E+08 1.28E+08 0 0 8.06E+07 6.71E+07 4.74E+07 11 34 1.30E+08 1.09E+08 0 0 5.44E+07 7.60E+07 5.48E+07 11 35 4.60E+07 4.90E+07 0 0 4.58E+07 172281 3.22E+06 11 36 1.12E+08 1.18E+08 0 765788 1.12E+08 655059 5628970 11 37 4.70E+07 4.32E+07 0 752473 4.25E+07 4.52E+06 0.00E+00 11 38 1.12E+08 6.85E+07 0 0 5.34E+07 5.86E+07 1.51E+07 11 39 1.38E+08 1.42E+08 0 0 1.35E+08 2.70E+06 6.64E+06 11 40 7.30E+07 7.80E+07 0 0.00E+00 7.09E+07 2.09E+06 7.11E+06 11 41 2.79E+09 2.38E+09 2.14E+08 0.00E+00 2.31E+09 2.64E+08 6.97E+07 11 42 8.64E+07 8.72E+07 0 0 8.44E+07 2.02E+06 2.82E+06 11 43 6.12E+08 6.08E+08 0 0 5.70E+08 4.15E+07 3.82E+07 11 44 4.51E+08 4.51E+08 0 0 4.51E+08 0 0 11 45 1.70E+08 1.40E+08 1.48E+07 0.00E+00 1.39E+08 1.55E+07 8.18E+05 11 46 3.86E+07 7.59E+07 6.41E+06 4.81E+06 2.48E+07 7.36E+06 4.62E+07 11 47 1.94E+08 1.99E+08 0 3.07E+06 1.94E+08 0 1.67E+06 11 48 1.19E+08 1.23E+08 0 0 1.19E+08 0 3501140 11 49 3.16E+07 3.38E+07 0 0 2.82E+07 3.43E+06 5.61E+06 11 50 1.94E+08 1.84E+08 2.17E+07 0 1.56E+08 1.65E+07 2.84E+07 11 51 3.90E+07 3.62E+07 0 0 3.23E+07 6.63E+06 3.86E+06 11 52 1.08E+08 1.40E+08 0 0 1.08E+08 0 3.16E+07 11 53 2.45E+09 2.06E+09 1.26E+08 0.00E+00 2.02E+09 3.05E+08 3.62E+07 11 54 3.87E+07 3.67E+07 3.44E+06 1419750 3.32E+07 2.06E+06 2038840 11 55 1.83E+08 2.14E+08 5.51E+07 8.03E+07 1.21E+08 7.49E+06 1.33E+07 11 56 1.62E+07 4.92E+07 0 26967200 1.62E+07 0 5.95E+06 11 57 6.22E+08 7.52E+08 0 0 6.03E+08 1.84E+07 1.48E+08 11 58 5.47E+07 4.74E+07 0.00E+00 0 3.53E+07 1.94E+07 1.21E+07 11 59 1.19E+07 1.12E+07 0 0 8.79E+06 3.14E+06 2.40E+06 11 60 1.73E+06 5.08E+06 0 0 1.73E+06 0 3.35E+06 11 61 1.40E+08 1.94E+08 0 8.74E+07 1.01E+08 3.88E+07 6.02E+06 11 62 7.67E+07 8.93E+07 0 0 6.08E+07 1.59E+07 2.86E+07 11 63 1.60E+08 1.88E+08 0 0.00E+00 1.60E+08 0.00E+00 2.84E+07

254

Table A-28 (cont’d) Year Region Demand Generated DC DC Local AC AC (MWh) (MWh) Imports Exports Generation Imports Exports (MWh) (MWh) Used (MWh) (MWh) (MWh) 11 64 3.50E+07 1.65E+08 778159 277613 3.26E+07 1.59E+06 1.33E+08 11 65 1.63E+06 750636 0 101415 459669 1.17E+06 189552 11 66 1.16E+08 8.36E+07 0.00E+00 0 8.17E+07 3.45E+07 1.87E+06 11 67 4.25E+07 4.04E+07 2.01E+06 0 4.04E+07 0 0 12 1 1.29E+08 2.83E+08 0 0 1.29E+08 0 1.54E+08 12 2 7.70E+07 3.82E+07 0 0 3.72E+07 3.98E+07 1022510 12 3 9.18E+07 8.62E+07 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 7.95E+07 1.24E+07 6.69E+06 12 4 1.70E+08 1.91E+08 22550 0.00E+00 1.34E+08 3.62E+07 5.69E+07 12 5 1.53E+08 1.54E+08 4692130 1.66E+06 1.42E+08 6.95E+06 1.09E+07 12 6 1.99E+08 2.57E+08 1238350 438705 1.84E+08 1.33E+07 7.21E+07 12 7 7.60E+07 3.13E+07 0 0.00E+00 3.13E+07 4.47E+07 1.83E+04 12 8 3.84E+07 3.72E+07 0 0 3.72E+07 1.19E+06 0 12 9 2.87E+08 3.39E+08 0 4.16E+07 2.83E+08 3.60E+06 1.46E+07 12 10 1.95E+09 1.57E+09 1.34E+08 0 1.57E+09 2.55E+08 5.49E+06 12 11 5.94E+07 7.68E+07 0 1.73E+07 5.94E+07 0 0 12 12 2.06E+07 1.59E+08 0 8.12E+07 2.02E+07 3.88E+05 5.78E+07 12 13 3.83E+08 4.58E+08 0 0 3.55E+08 2.80E+07 1.03E+08 12 14 3.01E+08 2.83E+08 0.00E+00 0 2.80E+08 2.14E+07 3.06E+06 12 15 4.42E+07 6.65E+07 4.07E+06 1.17E+07 3.41E+07 6.02E+06 2.07E+07 12 16 2.72E+07 2.49E+07 0 0 2.32E+07 4.01E+06 1.77E+06 12 17 3.75E+08 5.82E+08 0 0 3.75E+08 0 2.07E+08 12 18 1.43E+09 1.66E+09 4.08E+07 2.70E+08 1.39E+09 0 0 12 19 2.31E+08 4.12E+08 2.15E+07 0 2.03E+08 6.20E+06 2.09E+08 12 20 9.06E+08 8.94E+08 0 0 8.94E+08 1.17E+07 0 12 21 6.17E+07 6.16E+07 0 0 6.09E+07 852868 755887 12 22 5.87E+07 8.55E+07 0 0.00E+00 5.78E+07 8.72E+05 2.77E+07 12 23 1.79E+07 2.39E+07 4947300 105605 1.20E+07 9.43E+05 1.18E+07 12 24 7.54E+08 6.85E+08 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 6.83E+08 7.11E+07 1654120 12 25 6.23E+06 8.76E+07 9343.19 4936.37 5.85E+06 371579 8.18E+07 12 26 1.01E+08 9.91E+07 0.00E+00 0 8.20E+07 1.88E+07 1.71E+07 12 27 1.84E+08 1.76E+08 0 0 1.57E+08 2.75E+07 1.92E+07 12 28 4.13E+08 4.15E+08 0.00E+00 0 3.96E+08 1.68E+07 1.87E+07 12 29 8.26E+07 2.26E+08 0 8.31E+07 8.26E+07 0 6.03E+07 12 30 5.66E+07 8.66E+07 0 2.52E+07 5.66E+07 0 4.83E+06 12 31 1.24E+08 1.46E+08 0 0 9.02E+07 3.38E+07 5.58E+07 12 32 1.26E+09 1.27E+09 22787500 0 1.19E+09 4.89E+07 8.00E+07 12 33 1.53E+08 1.39E+08 0 0 9.12E+07 6.17E+07 4.74E+07 12 34 1.32E+08 1.08E+08 9.07E+04 9.78E+04 6.00E+07 7.20E+07 4.79E+07 12 35 4.75E+07 4.81E+07 0 0 4.70E+07 449043 1.03E+06 12 36 1.17E+08 1.21E+08 0 765788 1.16E+08 1.04E+06 4.35E+06 12 37 4.88E+07 4.76E+07 0 752473 4.69E+07 1.95E+06 0.00E+00 12 38 1.16E+08 6.55E+07 0 0 4.91E+07 6.73E+07 1.64E+07 12 39 1.42E+08 1.45E+08 0 0 1.40E+08 2.51E+06 4.83E+06 12 40 7.54E+07 8.00E+07 0 0.00E+00 7.32E+07 2.22E+06 6.80E+06 12 41 2.88E+09 2.36E+09 2.19E+08 0.00E+00 2.30E+09 3.58E+08 5.66E+07 12 42 9.05E+07 8.74E+07 0 0 8.74E+07 3.14E+06 0.00E+00 12 43 6.38E+08 6.36E+08 0 0 5.92E+08 4.58E+07 4.36E+07 12 44 4.71E+08 4.71E+08 0 0 4.71E+08 0 0 12 45 1.77E+08 1.51E+08 1.48E+07 4.90E+04 1.46E+08 1.70E+07 4.94E+06

255

Table A-28 (cont’d) Year Region Demand Generated DC DC Local AC AC (MWh) (MWh) Imports Exports Generation Imports Exports (MWh) (MWh) Used (MWh) (MWh) (MWh) 12 46 4.00E+07 7.90E+07 8.11E+06 5.87E+06 2.27E+07 9.13E+06 5.04E+07 12 47 2.00E+08 2.09E+08 0 3.07E+06 2.00E+08 0 5899260 12 48 1.23E+08 1.24E+08 0 0 1.21E+08 1.59E+06 2.61E+06 12 49 3.21E+07 3.44E+07 0 0 2.68E+07 5.25E+06 7.55E+06 12 50 2.06E+08 1.95E+08 2.17E+07 0 1.67E+08 1.74E+07 2.84E+07 12 51 4.01E+07 3.70E+07 0 0 3.22E+07 7.85E+06 4.80E+06 12 52 1.13E+08 1.44E+08 0 0 1.13E+08 0 3.13E+07 12 53 2.56E+09 2.24E+09 1.26E+08 0.00E+00 2.18E+09 2.60E+08 6.12E+07 12 54 4.06E+07 4.46E+07 3.93E+06 4.98E+06 3.33E+07 3.28E+06 6275810 12 55 1.92E+08 2.14E+08 6.56E+07 7.60E+07 1.18E+08 8.30E+06 1.98E+07 12 56 1.65E+07 4.60E+07 0 26967200 1.65E+07 0 2.54E+06 12 57 6.26E+08 7.70E+08 0 0 5.97E+08 2.83E+07 1.73E+08 12 58 5.68E+07 4.31E+07 0.00E+00 0 3.49E+07 2.19E+07 8.19E+06 12 59 1.25E+07 1.13E+07 0 0 8.92E+06 3.55E+06 2.40E+06 12 60 1.73E+06 3.82E+06 0 0 1.73E+06 0 2.09E+06 12 61 1.47E+08 1.96E+08 0 8.74E+07 1.02E+08 4.45E+07 5.98E+06 12 62 7.90E+07 9.05E+07 0 0 6.06E+07 1.84E+07 2.98E+07 12 63 1.66E+08 1.86E+08 0 0.00E+00 1.63E+08 3.54E+06 2.31E+07 12 64 3.65E+07 1.67E+08 822595 326337 3.39E+07 1.77E+06 1.32E+08 12 65 1.63E+06 2.26E+06 0 226981 1.54E+06 90487.4 494058 12 66 1.18E+08 9.23E+07 0.00E+00 0 8.99E+07 2.80E+07 2.38E+06 12 67 4.36E+07 4.15E+07 2.13E+06 0 4.15E+07 0 0 13 1 1.35E+08 2.80E+08 0 0 1.35E+08 0 1.45E+08 13 2 8.01E+07 4.04E+07 0 0 3.94E+07 4.08E+07 1022510 13 3 9.52E+07 8.94E+07 0 0.00E+00 8.27E+07 1.25E+07 6.69E+06 13 4 1.75E+08 2.06E+08 135468 0.00E+00 1.40E+08 3.48E+07 6.59E+07 13 5 1.57E+08 1.46E+08 4726360 1.66E+06 1.45E+08 8.26E+06 0.00E+00 13 6 2.10E+08 2.62E+08 1238350 438705 1.90E+08 1.87E+07 7.15E+07 13 7 7.84E+07 3.52E+07 0 0.00E+00 3.44E+07 4.41E+07 829925 13 8 3.98E+07 3.61E+07 0 0 3.61E+07 3.72E+06 0 13 9 2.92E+08 3.66E+08 0 4.16E+07 2.90E+08 1.49E+06 3.47E+07 13 10 2.02E+09 1.61E+09 1.34E+08 0 1.61E+09 2.73E+08 0.00E+00 13 11 6.14E+07 9.06E+07 0 2.92E+07 6.14E+07 0 0 13 12 2.13E+07 1.59E+08 0 8.19E+07 1.92E+07 2.13E+06 5.83E+07 13 13 3.96E+08 4.73E+08 0.00E+00 0 3.64E+08 3.18E+07 1.09E+08 13 14 3.08E+08 2.96E+08 -8.73E-10 0 2.83E+08 2.54E+07 1.25E+07 13 15 4.63E+07 7.45E+07 9.26E+05 1.57E+07 3.73E+07 8.06E+06 2.15E+07 13 16 2.84E+07 2.85E+07 0.00E+00 0 2.42E+07 4.20E+06 4.24E+06 13 17 3.83E+08 6.28E+08 0 0 3.83E+08 0 2.45E+08 13 18 1.49E+09 1.71E+09 5.18E+07 2.76E+08 1.44E+09 0 0 13 19 2.38E+08 4.60E+08 2.15E+07 0 2.09E+08 7025980 2.51E+08 13 20 9.51E+08 9.37E+08 0 0.00E+00 9.37E+08 1.40E+07 0 13 21 6.41E+07 6.35E+07 0 0 6.27E+07 1.42E+06 755887 13 22 6.03E+07 8.74E+07 0 0.00E+00 5.80E+07 2.31E+06 2.94E+07 13 23 1.87E+07 2.37E+07 5045170 0 1.25E+07 1.13E+06 1.12E+07 13 24 7.71E+08 6.92E+08 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 6.85E+08 8.59E+07 7075450 13 25 6.29E+06 9.08E+07 9435.7 4985.25 5.82E+06 462350 8.50E+07 13 26 1.04E+08 9.76E+07 0.00E+00 0 8.43E+07 1.98E+07 1.33E+07 13 27 1.90E+08 1.89E+08 0 0 1.50E+08 4.06E+07 3.89E+07

256

Table A-28 (cont’d) Year Region Demand Generated DC DC Local AC AC (MWh) (MWh) Imports Exports Generation Imports Exports (MWh) (MWh) Used (MWh) (MWh) (MWh) 13 28 4.15E+08 4.17E+08 0.00E+00 0 3.96E+08 1.96E+07 2.12E+07 13 29 8.53E+07 2.29E+08 0 8.31E+07 8.53E+07 0 6.09E+07 13 30 5.83E+07 8.78E+07 0 2.52E+07 5.83E+07 0 4.31E+06 13 31 1.30E+08 1.55E+08 0 0 9.81E+07 3.14E+07 5.65E+07 13 32 1.29E+09 1.36E+09 23408100 0 1.26E+09 9.31E+06 9.67E+07 13 33 1.58E+08 1.54E+08 0 0 1.06E+08 5.18E+07 4.74E+07 13 34 1.34E+08 1.13E+08 95445.9 102943 5.58E+07 7.81E+07 5.70E+07 13 35 4.90E+07 4.83E+07 0 0 4.72E+07 1823370 1103030 13 36 1.22E+08 1.26E+08 0 765788 1.18E+08 3.75E+06 7.20E+06 13 37 5.06E+07 4.72E+07 0 752473 4.65E+07 4.18E+06 0.00E+00 13 38 1.21E+08 6.87E+07 0 0 4.64E+07 7.46E+07 2.23E+07 13 39 1.47E+08 1.45E+08 0 0 1.41E+08 6.19E+06 3.85E+06 13 40 7.79E+07 8.03E+07 0 0.00E+00 7.26E+07 5.23E+06 7.67E+06 13 41 2.97E+09 2.34E+09 2.43E+08 0.00E+00 2.33E+09 3.91E+08 3.61E+06 13 42 9.46E+07 9.12E+07 0 0 9.05E+07 4.09E+06 7.35E+05 13 43 6.65E+08 6.64E+08 0.00E+00 0 6.14E+08 5.06E+07 4.96E+07 13 44 4.91E+08 4.91E+08 0 0 4.91E+08 0 0 13 45 1.85E+08 1.56E+08 1.73E+07 4.90E+04 1.55E+08 1.33E+07 1.74E+06 13 46 4.14E+07 7.48E+07 7.61E+06 6.03E+06 2.36E+07 1.01E+07 4.51E+07 13 47 2.06E+08 2.13E+08 0 3.07E+06 2.06E+08 0 3943040 13 48 1.27E+08 1.29E+08 0 0 1.26E+08 8.79E+05 3.45E+06 13 49 3.25E+07 3.51E+07 0 0 2.37E+07 8.83E+06 1.14E+07 13 50 2.18E+08 2.15E+08 2.17E+07 0 1.84E+08 1.25E+07 3.08E+07 13 51 4.11E+07 4.27E+07 0 0 3.15E+07 9.67E+06 1.13E+07 13 52 1.18E+08 1.54E+08 0 0 1.18E+08 0 3.65E+07 13 53 2.67E+09 2.33E+09 1.26E+08 0.00E+00 2.27E+09 2.77E+08 6.12E+07 13 54 4.24E+07 6.75E+07 4.07E+06 3.11E+07 3.41E+07 4.25E+06 2.36E+06 13 55 2.01E+08 2.16E+08 7.29E+07 7.16E+07 1.20E+08 7.42E+06 2.34E+07 13 56 1.68E+07 4.71E+07 0 26967200 1.68E+07 0 3.41E+06 13 57 6.30E+08 7.48E+08 0 0 5.86E+08 4.38E+07 1.62E+08 13 58 5.90E+07 4.68E+07 0.00E+00 0 3.61E+07 2.29E+07 1.08E+07 13 59 1.30E+07 1.13E+07 0.00E+00 0 8.11E+06 4.90E+06 3.20E+06 13 60 1.73E+06 5.60E+06 0 0 1.73E+06 0 3.87E+06 13 61 1.54E+08 2.03E+08 0 8.74E+07 1.04E+08 5.06E+07 1.23E+07 13 62 8.14E+07 8.77E+07 0 0 5.77E+07 2.37E+07 3.00E+07 13 63 1.73E+08 2.18E+08 0 0.00E+00 1.72E+08 7.91E+05 4.63E+07 13 64 3.80E+07 1.68E+08 827320 331517 3.56E+07 1.52E+06 1.32E+08 13 65 1.63E+06 3.99E+06 0 352547 1.63E+06 0 2.01E+06 13 66 1.20E+08 8.81E+07 0.00E+00 0 8.49E+07 3.48E+07 3.29E+06 13 67 4.48E+07 4.25E+07 2.25E+06 0 4.25E+07 0 0 14 1 1.41E+08 2.89E+08 0 0 1.41E+08 0 1.47E+08 14 2 8.33E+07 4.57E+07 0 0 4.47E+07 3.86E+07 1022510 14 3 9.86E+07 9.02E+07 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 8.36E+07 1.51E+07 6.69E+06 14 4 1.80E+08 1.98E+08 3521320 1.17E+06 1.41E+08 3.48E+07 5.59E+07 14 5 1.62E+08 1.60E+08 4755940 1.66E+06 1.47E+08 9.86E+06 1.08E+07 14 6 2.21E+08 2.80E+08 1651140 0 2.05E+08 1.43E+07 7.42E+07 14 7 8.09E+07 4.20E+07 0 0.00E+00 4.13E+07 3.96E+07 670427 14 8 4.12E+07 3.75E+07 0 0 3.70E+07 4.18E+06 469491 14 9 2.97E+08 4.25E+08 0 4.16E+07 2.97E+08 0 8.65E+07

257

Table A-28 (cont’d) Year Region Demand Generated DC DC Local AC AC (MWh) (MWh) Imports Exports Generation Imports Exports (MWh) (MWh) Used (MWh) (MWh) (MWh) 14 10 2.09E+09 1.65E+09 1.34E+08 0 1.65E+09 3.00E+08 0 14 11 6.34E+07 1.10E+08 0 4.68E+07 6.34E+07 0.00E+00 0 14 12 2.21E+07 1.59E+08 0 8.37E+07 2.01E+07 1.94E+06 5.56E+07 14 13 4.09E+08 5.00E+08 0.00E+00 0 3.74E+08 3.48E+07 1.26E+08 14 14 3.16E+08 2.96E+08 3.19E+06 0 2.84E+08 2.89E+07 1.22E+07 14 15 4.84E+07 7.82E+07 968782 1.60E+07 3.90E+07 8.43E+06 2.32E+07 14 16 2.97E+07 2.74E+07 3770.19 1999.11 2.55E+07 4.18E+06 1.92E+06 14 17 3.91E+08 6.87E+08 0 9876550 3.91E+08 0 2.85E+08 14 18 1.55E+09 1.77E+09 6.99E+07 2.89E+08 1.48E+09 0 0 14 19 2.44E+08 4.40E+08 2.15E+07 0 2.15E+08 7850310 2.25E+08 14 20 9.96E+08 9.79E+08 0 0.00E+00 9.79E+08 16239000 0 14 21 6.65E+07 6.46E+07 0 0 6.38E+07 2.72E+06 755887 14 22 6.19E+07 8.85E+07 0 0.00E+00 5.99E+07 2.04E+06 2.86E+07 14 23 1.96E+07 2.44E+07 5045170 0 1.31E+07 1.41E+06 1.13E+07 14 24 7.88E+08 7.05E+08 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 7.01E+08 8.71E+07 4570650 14 25 6.35E+06 9.19E+07 9528.22 5034.13 6.16E+06 186612 8.58E+07 14 26 1.07E+08 1.10E+08 0.00E+00 0 8.13E+07 2.62E+07 2.84E+07 14 27 1.97E+08 2.01E+08 0 0 1.47E+08 4.96E+07 5.38E+07 14 28 4.18E+08 4.21E+08 0.00E+00 0 3.96E+08 2.25E+07 2.55E+07 14 29 8.81E+07 2.34E+08 0 9.33E+07 8.81E+07 0 5.27E+07 14 30 6.00E+07 9.65E+07 0 2.52E+07 6.00E+07 0 1.13E+07 14 31 1.35E+08 1.54E+08 0 0 9.99E+07 3.52E+07 5.46E+07 14 32 1.32E+09 1.38E+09 34579000 0 1.29E+09 4.06E+06 9.81E+07 14 33 1.63E+08 1.54E+08 0 0 1.07E+08 5.64E+07 4.74E+07 14 34 1.36E+08 1.22E+08 118589 78423.3 6.58E+07 6.99E+07 5.63E+07 14 35 5.05E+07 5.02E+07 0 0 4.40E+07 6.45E+06 6.18E+06 14 36 1.27E+08 1.33E+08 0 765788 1.23E+08 3.35E+06 9.27E+06 14 37 5.24E+07 4.75E+07 0 752473 4.66E+07 5.84E+06 9.41E+04 14 38 1.25E+08 7.03E+07 0 0 4.58E+07 7.96E+07 2.44E+07 14 39 1.52E+08 1.47E+08 0 0 1.42E+08 9.50E+06 5.20E+06 14 40 8.03E+07 8.34E+07 0 0.00E+00 6.69E+07 1.34E+07 1.65E+07 14 41 3.06E+09 2.43E+09 2.54E+08 0.00E+00 2.43E+09 3.75E+08 0.00E+00 14 42 9.86E+07 9.12E+07 0 0 9.09E+07 7.71E+06 263977 14 43 6.91E+08 6.91E+08 0.00E+00 0 6.36E+08 5.55E+07 5.55E+07 14 44 5.11E+08 5.11E+08 0 0 5.11E+08 0 0 14 45 1.93E+08 1.74E+08 1.61E+07 7.36E+04 1.65E+08 1.18E+07 9.38E+06 14 46 4.28E+07 7.05E+07 8.75E+06 6.24E+06 2.36E+07 1.04E+07 4.06E+07 14 47 2.12E+08 2.17E+08 0 3.07E+06 2.12E+08 4.84E+05 2309160 14 48 1.31E+08 1.31E+08 0 0 1.29E+08 2.09E+06 2.60E+06 14 49 3.29E+07 3.53E+07 0 0 2.21E+07 1.08E+07 1.32E+07 14 50 2.30E+08 2.18E+08 2.17E+07 0 1.90E+08 1.83E+07 2.84E+07 14 51 4.22E+07 4.33E+07 0 0 3.23E+07 9.92E+06 1.10E+07 14 52 1.23E+08 1.35E+08 0 0 1.23E+08 0 1.28E+07 14 53 2.78E+09 2.38E+09 1.26E+08 0.00E+00 2.31E+09 3.42E+08 6.12E+07 14 54 4.42E+07 7.67E+07 4.07E+06 3.23E+07 3.56E+07 4.51E+06 8.78E+06 14 55 2.10E+08 2.21E+08 8.12E+07 71635500 1.24E+08 4.05E+06 2.46E+07 14 56 1.70E+07 5.15E+07 0.00E+00 3.04E+07 1.70E+07 0 4.13E+06 14 57 6.34E+08 8.15E+08 0 0 5.89E+08 4.51E+07 2.27E+08 14 58 6.11E+07 4.44E+07 0.00E+00 0 3.66E+07 2.44E+07 7.82E+06

258

Table A-28 (cont’d) Year Region Demand Generated DC DC Local AC AC (MWh) (MWh) Imports Exports Generation Imports Exports (MWh) (MWh) Used (MWh) (MWh) (MWh) 14 59 1.36E+07 1.17E+07 0.00E+00 0 8.54E+06 5014870 3.20E+06 14 60 1.73E+06 5.53E+06 0 0 1.73E+06 0 3.79E+06 14 61 1.62E+08 2.05E+08 0 8.74E+07 1.04E+08 5.72E+07 1.29E+07 14 62 8.38E+07 8.82E+07 0 0 5.77E+07 2.61E+07 3.05E+07 14 63 1.79E+08 2.21E+08 0 0.00E+00 1.70E+08 8.47E+06 5.08E+07 14 64 3.95E+07 1.69E+08 827320 331517 3.68E+07 1.83E+06 1.32E+08 14 65 1.63E+06 1.23E+07 0 478113 1.63E+06 0 1.02E+07 14 66 1.21E+08 9.09E+07 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 8.87E+07 3.27E+07 2.18E+06 14 67 4.59E+07 4.36E+07 2.37E+06 0 4.36E+07 0 0 15 1 1.48E+08 3.20E+08 7.22E+05 0 1.46E+08 760958 1.74E+08 15 2 8.64E+07 4.96E+07 0 0 4.07E+07 4.57E+07 8.90E+06 15 3 1.02E+08 8.89E+07 0 0.00E+00 8.10E+07 2.11E+07 7.97E+06 15 4 1.84E+08 2.13E+08 2.34E+07 4.82E+06 1.44E+08 1.69E+07 6.39E+07 15 5 1.66E+08 1.67E+08 5360840 1.00E+06 1.45E+08 1.60E+07 2.10E+07 15 6 2.33E+08 2.81E+08 1570820 0 2.09E+08 2.20E+07 7.15E+07 15 7 8.34E+07 4.14E+07 7457.99 0.00E+00 3.83E+07 4.51E+07 3157950 15 8 4.26E+07 3.71E+07 0 0 3.39E+07 8.68E+06 3.16E+06 15 9 3.02E+08 5.16E+08 0 4.16E+07 3.02E+08 0 1.73E+08 15 10 2.15E+09 1.68E+09 1.34E+08 0 1.68E+09 3.40E+08 0 15 11 6.53E+07 1.33E+08 0 6.79E+07 6.53E+07 0 0 15 12 2.28E+07 1.58E+08 0 8.37E+07 1.00E+07 1.28E+07 6.41E+07 15 13 4.22E+08 4.75E+08 0.00E+00 0 3.89E+08 3.32E+07 8.61E+07 15 14 3.23E+08 3.18E+08 6.56E+06 0 2.91E+08 2.62E+07 2.75E+07 15 15 5.06E+07 8.78E+07 8.74E+05 1.61E+07 4.01E+07 9.59E+06 3.16E+07 15 16 3.09E+07 2.73E+07 7540.38 3998.22 2.52E+07 5.73E+06 2.06E+06 15 17 4.00E+08 6.54E+08 0 9876550 4.00E+08 0 2.45E+08 15 18 1.60E+09 1.84E+09 9.94E+07 3.32E+08 1.51E+09 0 0 15 19 2.51E+08 4.05E+08 2.15E+07 0 2.19E+08 1.09E+07 1.86E+08 15 20 1.04E+09 1.04E+09 0 0.00E+00 1.04E+09 2.36E+06 1092260 15 21 6.89E+07 6.47E+07 0 0 6.39E+07 5.01E+06 755887 15 22 6.35E+07 9.17E+07 0 0.00E+00 5.58E+07 7.79E+06 3.59E+07 15 23 2.04E+07 3.64E+07 4973050 0 1.12E+07 4.29E+06 2.52E+07 15 24 8.05E+08 7.25E+08 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 7.21E+08 8.38E+07 4.14E+06 15 25 6.41E+06 9.73E+07 1423870 495520 4.99E+06 0 9.18E+07 15 26 1.11E+08 1.29E+08 0.00E+00 0 7.40E+07 3.68E+07 5.49E+07 15 27 2.03E+08 2.02E+08 0 0 1.40E+08 6.29E+07 6.18E+07 15 28 4.21E+08 4.26E+08 0.00E+00 0 3.98E+08 2.34E+07 2.82E+07 15 29 9.08E+07 2.46E+08 0 1.07E+08 9.08E+07 0 4.90E+07 15 30 6.18E+07 1.00E+08 0 2.52E+07 6.18E+07 0 1.31E+07 15 31 1.41E+08 1.52E+08 0 0 9.87E+07 4.19E+07 5.37E+07 15 32 1.35E+09 1.39E+09 4.76E+07 0 1.30E+09 9.84E+06 9.44E+07 15 33 1.68E+08 1.58E+08 0 0 1.08E+08 6.04E+07 5.02E+07 15 34 1.38E+08 1.25E+08 190892 0 4.55E+07 9.18E+07 7.98E+07 15 35 5.20E+07 5.29E+07 0 0 4.09E+07 1.11E+07 1.21E+07 15 36 1.32E+08 1.37E+08 0 765788 1.27E+08 4.82E+06 9.26E+06 15 37 5.43E+07 4.81E+07 0 752473 4.72E+07 7.02E+06 9.41E+04 15 38 1.30E+08 6.59E+07 0.00E+00 0 3.79E+07 9.21E+07 2.80E+07 15 39 1.56E+08 1.59E+08 0 0 1.47E+08 9.35E+06 1.25E+07 15 40 8.27E+07 8.47E+07 0 0.00E+00 6.58E+07 1.70E+07 1.90E+07

259

Table A-28 (cont’d) Year Region Demand Generated DC DC Local AC AC (MWh) (MWh) Imports Exports Generation Imports Exports (MWh) (MWh) Used (MWh) (MWh) (MWh) 15 41 3.15E+09 2.54E+09 2.57E+08 0.00E+00 2.54E+09 3.52E+08 5.76E+06 15 42 1.03E+08 9.18E+07 0 0 9.18E+07 1.09E+07 0 15 43 7.18E+08 6.93E+08 0.00E+00 0 6.60E+08 5.80E+07 3.35E+07 15 44 5.31E+08 5.32E+08 0 0 5.31E+08 0 560903 15 45 2.01E+08 1.79E+08 1.48E+07 5.31E+06 1.58E+08 2.78E+07 1.61E+07 15 46 4.42E+07 7.04E+07 1.39E+07 6.36E+06 1.88E+07 1.16E+07 4.52E+07 15 47 2.18E+08 2.23E+08 0 3.07E+06 2.15E+08 3.22E+06 4748870 15 48 1.34E+08 1.50E+08 0 0 1.26E+08 8.78E+06 2.41E+07 15 49 3.34E+07 3.50E+07 0 0 2.26E+07 1.08E+07 1.24E+07 15 50 2.42E+08 2.23E+08 2.08E+07 984934 1.95E+08 2.67E+07 2.72E+07 15 51 4.33E+07 4.40E+07 0 0 3.31E+07 1.02E+07 1.09E+07 15 52 1.28E+08 1.72E+08 0 0 1.28E+08 0 4.44E+07 15 53 2.89E+09 2.47E+09 1.26E+08 0.00E+00 2.41E+09 3.53E+08 6.12E+07 15 54 4.61E+07 7.61E+07 4.07E+06 3.23E+07 3.55E+07 6.47E+06 8.21E+06 15 55 2.18E+08 2.20E+08 9.75E+07 7.16E+07 1.15E+08 6.28E+06 3.40E+07 15 56 1.73E+07 5.61E+07 0.00E+00 3.40E+07 1.73E+07 0 4.85E+06 15 57 6.38E+08 8.61E+08 0 0 5.73E+08 6.48E+07 2.88E+08 15 58 6.32E+07 4.54E+07 0.00E+00 0 4.21E+07 2.11E+07 3.24E+06 15 59 1.41E+07 1.26E+07 0.00E+00 0 9.45E+06 4653870 3.20E+06 15 60 1.73E+06 5.31E+06 0 823878 1.56E+06 173170 2.93E+06 15 61 1.69E+08 2.02E+08 0 8.74E+07 1.04E+08 6.54E+07 1.10E+07 15 62 8.61E+07 8.88E+07 0 0 5.83E+07 2.79E+07 3.05E+07 15 63 1.85E+08 2.19E+08 0 0.00E+00 1.56E+08 2.90E+07 6.31E+07 15 64 4.10E+07 1.68E+08 778159 4421750 3.63E+07 3.84E+06 1.27E+08 15 65 1.63E+06 5.21E+07 0 4.41E+06 1.63E+06 0 4.61E+07 15 66 1.23E+08 9.19E+07 2.84E+06 0.00E+00 8.62E+07 3.41E+07 5700310 15 67 4.71E+07 4.46E+07 2.48E+06 0.00E+00 4.46E+07 0 0

260

Table A-29. Annual Renewable Energy Usage (Scenario 2) Year Region Renewable Energy Solar Energy Usage (%) Usage (%) 1 1 1.0% 0.0% 1 2 1.7% 0.0% 1 3 10.8% 0.0% 1 4 0.0% 0.0% 1 5 0.1% 0.0% 1 6 0.0% 0.0% 1 7 1.3% 0.0% 1 8 0.6% 0.0% 1 9 44.6% 0.0% 1 10 1.2% 0.0% 1 11 0.0% 0.0% 1 12 0.0% 0.0% 1 13 0.0% 0.0% 1 14 0.0% 0.0% 1 15 0.0% 0.0% 1 16 0.9% 0.0% 1 17 0.0% 0.0% 1 18 4.1% 0.0% 1 19 0.0% 0.0% 1 20 0.0% 0.0% 1 21 0.0% 0.0% 1 22 45.9% 0.0% 1 23 12.4% 0.0% 1 24 23.5% 0.0% 1 25 1.6% 0.0% 1 26 0.0% 0.0% 1 27 0.0% 0.0% 1 28 0.8% 0.0% 1 29 8.6% 0.0% 1 30 0.6% 0.0% 1 31 0.2% 0.2% 1 32 6.2% 0.0% 1 33 0.5% 0.0% 1 34 1.7% 0.0% 1 35 1.2% 0.0% 1 36 1.8% 0.0% 1 37 0.0% 0.0% 1 38 1.7% 0.0% 1 39 1.1% 0.0% 1 40 2.1% 0.0% 1 41 0.1% 0.0% 1 42 0.2% 0.0% 1 43 0.0% 0.0% 1 44 0.0% 0.0% 1 45 3.9% 0.1% 1 46 2.3% 0.0% 1 47 1.5% 0.0% 1 48 29.5% 0.0% 1 49 14.6% 0.0%

261

Table A-29 (cont’d) Year Region Renewable Energy Solar Energy Usage (%) Usage (%) 1 50 0.7% 0.0% 1 51 0.0% 0.0% 1 52 0.0% 0.0% 1 53 0.0% 0.0% 1 54 0.0% 0.0% 1 55 5.2% 0.0% 1 56 7.8% 0.0% 1 57 0.0% 0.0% 1 58 0.1% 0.1% 1 59 7.9% 0.0% 1 60 0.0% 0.0% 1 61 1.4% 0.0% 1 62 2.3% 0.0% 1 63 0.1% 0.0% 1 64 22.3% 0.0% 1 65 18.4% 0.0% 1 66 1.9% 0.0% 1 67 0.5% 0.0% 2 1 0.9% 0.0% 2 2 14.1% 0.0% 2 3 8.5% 0.0% 2 4 2.8% 0.0% 2 5 0.2% 0.0% 2 6 13.8% 13.8% 2 7 3.3% 0.0% 2 8 2.8% 0.0% 2 9 26.6% 0.0% 2 10 3.7% 1.8% 2 11 0.0% 0.0% 2 12 51.0% 0.0% 2 13 2.6% 2.6% 2 14 0.0% 0.0% 2 15 0.0% 0.0% 2 16 16.7% 0.0% 2 17 0.0% 0.0% 2 18 3.8% 0.0% 2 19 0.0% 0.0% 2 20 0.0% 0.0% 2 21 0.0% 0.0% 2 22 20.4% 0.0% 2 23 18.5% 12.5% 2 24 27.5% 1.5% 2 25 1.5% 0.0% 2 26 0.0% 0.0% 2 27 0.0% 0.0% 2 28 2.5% 0.0% 2 29 38.5% 0.0% 2 30 29.9% 0.0% 2 31 11.6% 11.6% 2 32 9.3% 0.0% 2 33 13.2% 0.0%

262

Table A-29 (cont’d) Year Region Renewable Energy Solar Energy Usage (%) Usage (%) 2 34 0.5% 0.0% 2 35 0.0% 0.0% 2 36 4.6% 0.0% 2 37 2.1% 0.0% 2 38 3.2% 0.0% 2 39 1.4% 0.0% 2 40 0.9% 0.0% 2 41 1.0% 0.4% 2 42 0.1% 0.0% 2 43 3.4% 3.4% 2 44 0.0% 0.0% 2 45 9.2% 2.6% 2 46 22.3% 19.9% 2 47 2.0% 0.0% 2 48 12.2% 0.0% 2 49 15.1% 0.0% 2 50 13.8% 13.8% 2 51 8.1% 8.1% 2 52 0.0% 0.0% 2 53 0.0% 0.0% 2 54 0.0% 0.0% 2 55 40.9% 0.6% 2 56 34.9% 0.0% 2 57 0.4% 0.0% 2 58 22.9% 22.3% 2 59 15.1% 0.0% 2 60 0.0% 0.0% 2 61 15.1% 0.0% 2 62 14.1% 0.0% 2 63 24.7% 3.5% 2 64 39.5% 39.5% 2 65 44.2% 0.0% 2 66 4.1% 0.0% 2 67 0.5% 0.0% 3 1 20.0% 0.0% 3 2 10.1% 0.6% 3 3 5.0% 0.0% 3 4 20.5% 1.2% 3 5 15.0% 0.3% 3 6 12.0% 11.3% 3 7 15.0% 0.3% 3 8 11.3% 0.0% 3 9 15.0% 0.0% 3 10 33.0% 8.2% 3 11 0.0% 0.0% 3 12 10.1% 0.0% 3 13 9.4% 0.2% 3 14 5.3% 0.3% 3 15 19.4% 4.0% 3 16 15.0% 0.3% 3 17 0.0% 0.0%

263

Table A-29 (cont’d) Year Region Renewable Energy Solar Energy Usage (%) Usage (%) 3 18 3.5% 0.0% 3 19 10.5% 0.4% 3 20 0.0% 0.0% 3 21 0.0% 0.0% 3 22 0.0% 0.0% 3 23 33.0% 21.0% 3 24 24.1% 0.9% 3 25 7.5% 0.2% 3 26 33.0% 0.0% 3 27 0.0% 0.0% 3 28 10.0% 0.2% 3 29 0.0% 0.0% 3 30 0.0% 0.0% 3 31 22.0% 8.3% 3 32 28.8% 0.3% 3 33 0.0% 0.0% 3 34 30.0% 2.5% 3 35 15.0% 0.0% 3 36 0.0% 0.0% 3 37 0.0% 0.0% 3 38 20.0% 0.0% 3 39 0.0% 0.0% 3 40 20.0% 0.0% 3 41 20.0% 2.0% 3 42 0.0% 0.0% 3 43 9.4% 0.0% 3 44 0.0% 0.0% 3 45 10.0% 0.0% 3 46 19.4% 4.0% 3 47 0.2% 0.0% 3 48 15.0% 0.0% 3 49 33.0% 0.0% 3 50 12.0% 10.9% 3 51 22.0% 1.3% 3 52 0.0% 0.0% 3 53 0.0% 0.0% 3 54 0.0% 0.0% 3 55 40.5% 1.0% 3 56 27.2% 0.0% 3 57 0.0% 0.0% 3 58 12.0% 12.0% 3 59 33.0% 0.1% 3 60 10.0% 0.0% 3 61 0.0% 0.0% 3 62 5.0% 0.0% 3 63 30.0% 0.0% 3 64 13.9% 4.0% 3 65 15.0% 0.0% 3 66 10.1% 0.0% 3 67 10.1% 0.0% 4 1 25.0% 0.0%

264

Table A-29 (cont’d) Year Region Renewable Energy Solar Energy Usage (%) Usage (%) 4 2 10.1% 0.0% 4 3 6.3% 0.0% 4 4 25.0% 1.5% 4 5 15.0% 0.4% 4 6 15.0% 15.0% 4 7 15.0% 0.3% 4 8 11.3% 0.0% 4 9 15.0% 0.0% 4 10 33.0% 10.8% 4 11 0.0% 0.0% 4 12 10.1% 0.0% 4 13 9.4% 0.2% 4 14 6.3% 0.3% 4 15 19.4% 13.4% 4 16 15.0% 0.3% 4 17 0.0% 0.0% 4 18 3.3% 0.0% 4 19 12.5% 0.5% 4 20 0.0% 0.0% 4 21 0.0% 0.0% 4 22 14.0% 0.0% 4 23 33.0% 14.3% 4 24 27.1% 1.4% 4 25 7.5% 0.2% 4 26 33.0% 0.0% 4 27 0.0% 0.0% 4 28 10.0% 0.1% 4 29 0.0% 0.0% 4 30 0.0% 0.0% 4 31 25.0% 1.5% 4 32 28.8% 0.0% 4 33 0.0% 0.0% 4 34 30.0% 2.7% 4 35 15.0% 0.0% 4 36 0.0% 0.0% 4 37 0.0% 0.0% 4 38 25.0% 0.0% 4 39 0.0% 0.0% 4 40 25.0% 0.0% 4 41 20.0% 2.0% 4 42 10.0% 0.0% 4 43 9.4% 5.3% 4 44 0.0% 0.0% 4 45 10.0% 0.1% 4 46 19.4% 13.4% 4 47 0.0% 0.0% 4 48 15.0% 0.0% 4 49 33.0% 0.0% 4 50 15.0% 11.9% 4 51 25.0% 2.6% 4 52 0.0% 0.0%

265

Table A-29 (cont’d) Year Region Renewable Energy Solar Energy Usage (%) Usage (%) 4 53 0.0% 0.0% 4 54 0.0% 0.0% 4 55 31.5% 1.0% 4 56 26.9% 0.0% 4 57 0.0% 0.0% 4 58 15.0% 14.8% 4 59 33.0% 0.1% 4 60 10.0% 0.0% 4 61 0.0% 0.0% 4 62 5.0% 0.0% 4 63 30.0% 0.0% 4 64 16.1% 10.1% 4 65 15.0% 0.0% 4 66 10.1% 0.0% 4 67 10.1% 0.0% 5 1 25.0% 0.0% 5 2 10.1% 0.0% 5 3 6.3% 0.8% 5 4 25.0% 1.5% 5 5 15.0% 0.4% 5 6 15.0% 14.9% 5 7 15.0% 0.3% 5 8 11.3% 0.0% 5 9 15.0% 0.0% 5 10 33.0% 12.4% 5 11 0.0% 0.0% 5 12 10.1% 0.0% 5 13 9.4% 0.2% 5 14 6.3% 0.3% 5 15 19.4% 13.4% 5 16 15.0% 0.3% 5 17 0.0% 0.0% 5 18 1.2% 0.0% 5 19 12.5% 0.5% 5 20 0.0% 0.0% 5 21 0.0% 0.0% 5 22 15.5% 0.0% 5 23 33.0% 0.0% 5 24 27.1% 1.4% 5 25 7.5% 0.2% 5 26 33.0% 7.5% 5 27 0.0% 0.0% 5 28 10.0% 0.0% 5 29 0.0% 0.0% 5 30 5.3% 0.0% 5 31 25.0% 15.5% 5 32 28.8% 0.0% 5 33 0.0% 0.0% 5 34 30.0% 2.7% 5 35 15.0% 0.0% 5 36 0.0% 0.0%

266

Table A-29 (cont’d) Year Region Renewable Energy Solar Energy Usage (%) Usage (%) 5 37 0.1% 0.0% 5 38 25.0% 0.0% 5 39 0.4% 0.0% 5 40 25.0% 0.0% 5 41 20.0% 2.0% 5 42 10.0% 0.0% 5 43 9.4% 4.6% 5 44 0.0% 0.0% 5 45 10.0% 2.1% 5 46 19.4% 13.4% 5 47 0.0% 0.0% 5 48 15.0% 0.0% 5 49 33.0% 0.0% 5 50 15.0% 6.0% 5 51 25.0% 7.3% 5 52 0.0% 0.0% 5 53 1.1% 0.0% 5 54 0.0% 0.0% 5 55 48.4% 1.0% 5 56 41.0% 0.0% 5 57 0.0% 0.0% 5 58 15.0% 15.0% 5 59 33.0% 0.0% 5 60 10.0% 0.0% 5 61 1.3% 0.0% 5 62 5.0% 0.0% 5 63 47.1% 0.0% 5 64 19.8% 4.0% 5 65 15.0% 0.0% 5 66 10.1% 0.0% 5 67 10.1% 0.0% 6 1 25.0% 0.0% 6 2 10.1% 0.0% 6 3 6.3% 0.0% 6 4 25.0% 1.5% 6 5 15.0% 0.4% 6 6 15.0% 15.0% 6 7 15.0% 0.3% 6 8 11.6% 0.0% 6 9 15.0% 0.0% 6 10 33.0% 13.5% 6 11 0.0% 0.0% 6 12 10.1% 0.0% 6 13 9.4% 0.2% 6 14 6.3% 0.3% 6 15 19.4% 13.4% 6 16 15.0% 0.3% 6 17 0.0% 0.0% 6 18 0.5% 0.0% 6 19 12.5% 0.5% 6 20 0.0% 0.0%

267

Table A-29 (cont’d) Year Region Renewable Energy Solar Energy Usage (%) Usage (%) 6 21 0.0% 0.0% 6 22 15.7% 0.0% 6 23 33.0% 0.0% 6 24 27.1% 1.3% 6 25 7.5% 0.2% 6 26 33.0% 1.3% 6 27 0.0% 0.0% 6 28 10.0% 0.1% 6 29 0.0% 0.0% 6 30 4.3% 0.0% 6 31 25.0% 24.9% 6 32 28.8% 0.0% 6 33 0.0% 0.0% 6 34 30.0% 2.6% 6 35 15.0% 0.0% 6 36 0.0% 0.0% 6 37 0.1% 0.0% 6 38 25.0% 0.0% 6 39 3.0% 0.0% 6 40 25.0% 0.0% 6 41 20.0% 2.0% 6 42 10.0% 0.0% 6 43 9.4% 3.8% 6 44 0.0% 0.0% 6 45 10.0% 0.0% 6 46 19.4% 13.4% 6 47 0.0% 0.0% 6 48 15.0% 0.0% 6 49 33.0% 0.0% 6 50 15.0% 6.4% 6 51 25.0% 7.1% 6 52 0.0% 0.0% 6 53 1.3% 0.0% 6 54 0.0% 0.0% 6 55 57.7% 1.0% 6 56 60.0% 0.0% 6 57 0.0% 0.0% 6 58 15.0% 15.0% 6 59 33.0% 0.0% 6 60 10.0% 0.0% 6 61 0.0% 0.0% 6 62 5.0% 0.0% 6 63 49.4% 0.0% 6 64 31.8% 25.8% 6 65 15.0% 0.0% 6 66 10.1% 0.0% 6 67 10.1% 0.0% 7 1 25.0% 0.0% 7 2 10.1% 0.0% 7 3 6.3% 0.0% 7 4 25.0% 1.5%

268

Table A-29 (cont’d) Year Region Renewable Energy Solar Energy Usage (%) Usage (%) 7 5 15.0% 0.3% 7 6 15.0% 15.0% 7 7 15.0% 0.3% 7 8 17.0% 0.0% 7 9 15.0% 0.0% 7 10 33.0% 13.7% 7 11 0.0% 0.0% 7 12 10.1% 0.0% 7 13 9.4% 0.2% 7 14 6.3% 0.3% 7 15 19.4% 5.8% 7 16 15.0% 0.3% 7 17 0.0% 0.0% 7 18 0.1% 0.0% 7 19 12.5% 0.5% 7 20 0.0% 0.0% 7 21 0.0% 0.0% 7 22 18.0% 0.0% 7 23 33.0% 0.0% 7 24 27.1% 1.3% 7 25 7.5% 0.2% 7 26 33.0% 9.3% 7 27 0.0% 0.0% 7 28 10.0% 0.0% 7 29 0.0% 0.0% 7 30 12.0% 0.0% 7 31 25.0% 24.9% 7 32 28.8% 0.0% 7 33 0.0% 0.0% 7 34 30.0% 2.6% 7 35 15.0% 0.0% 7 36 0.0% 0.0% 7 37 0.1% 0.0% 7 38 25.0% 0.0% 7 39 0.0% 0.0% 7 40 25.0% 0.0% 7 41 20.0% 2.0% 7 42 10.0% 0.0% 7 43 9.4% 3.2% 7 44 0.0% 0.0% 7 45 10.0% 0.0% 7 46 19.4% 13.4% 7 47 0.0% 0.0% 7 48 15.0% 0.0% 7 49 33.0% 0.0% 7 50 15.0% 5.4% 7 51 25.0% 6.8% 7 52 0.0% 0.0% 7 53 1.0% 0.0% 7 54 0.0% 0.0% 7 55 62.9% 1.0%

269

Table A-29 (cont’d) Year Region Renewable Energy Solar Energy Usage (%) Usage (%) 7 56 53.9% 0.0% 7 57 0.0% 0.0% 7 58 15.7% 15.7% 7 59 33.0% 0.0% 7 60 10.0% 0.0% 7 61 3.8% 0.0% 7 62 5.3% 0.0% 7 63 56.3% 0.0% 7 64 34.1% 28.1% 7 65 15.0% 0.0% 7 66 10.1% 0.0% 7 67 10.1% 0.0% 8 1 25.0% 0.1% 8 2 10.1% 0.0% 8 3 6.3% 0.0% 8 4 25.0% 1.5% 8 5 15.0% 0.3% 8 6 15.0% 14.2% 8 7 15.0% 0.3% 8 8 24.7% 0.0% 8 9 15.0% 0.0% 8 10 33.0% 13.5% 8 11 0.0% 0.0% 8 12 10.1% 0.0% 8 13 9.4% 0.2% 8 14 6.3% 0.3% 8 15 19.4% 6.3% 8 16 15.0% 0.3% 8 17 0.0% 0.0% 8 18 0.5% 0.0% 8 19 12.5% 0.5% 8 20 0.1% 0.0% 8 21 0.0% 0.0% 8 22 19.4% 0.0% 8 23 33.0% 0.0% 8 24 27.1% 1.3% 8 25 7.5% 0.2% 8 26 33.0% 18.2% 8 27 0.0% 0.0% 8 28 10.0% 0.0% 8 29 0.0% 0.0% 8 30 17.6% 0.0% 8 31 25.0% 23.4% 8 32 28.8% 0.0% 8 33 0.0% 0.0% 8 34 30.0% 2.5% 8 35 15.0% 0.0% 8 36 0.0% 0.0% 8 37 4.0% 0.0% 8 38 25.0% 0.0% 8 39 0.4% 0.0%

270

Table A-29 (cont’d) Year Region Renewable Energy Solar Energy Usage (%) Usage (%) 8 40 25.0% 0.0% 8 41 20.0% 2.0% 8 42 10.0% 0.0% 8 43 9.4% 2.6% 8 44 0.0% 0.0% 8 45 10.0% 0.4% 8 46 19.4% 13.4% 8 47 0.0% 0.0% 8 48 15.0% 0.0% 8 49 33.0% 0.0% 8 50 15.0% 5.0% 8 51 25.0% 6.6% 8 52 0.0% 0.0% 8 53 0.1% 0.0% 8 54 0.0% 0.0% 8 55 60.4% 1.0% 8 56 61.8% 0.0% 8 57 0.0% 0.0% 8 58 15.0% 15.0% 8 59 33.0% 0.0% 8 60 10.0% 0.0% 8 61 8.8% 0.0% 8 62 5.0% 0.0% 8 63 57.8% 0.0% 8 64 17.6% 11.6% 8 65 15.0% 0.0% 8 66 10.1% 0.0% 8 67 10.1% 0.0% 9 1 25.0% 0.0% 9 2 10.1% 0.0% 9 3 6.3% 0.0% 9 4 25.0% 1.5% 9 5 15.0% 0.3% 9 6 15.0% 14.7% 9 7 15.0% 0.3% 9 8 26.6% 0.0% 9 9 15.0% 0.0% 9 10 33.0% 13.0% 9 11 0.0% 0.0% 9 12 10.1% 0.0% 9 13 9.4% 0.2% 9 14 6.3% 0.3% 9 15 19.4% 6.8% 9 16 15.0% 0.3% 9 17 0.0% 0.0% 9 18 0.6% 0.0% 9 19 12.5% 0.5% 9 20 0.0% 0.0% 9 21 0.0% 0.0% 9 22 19.1% 0.0% 9 23 33.0% 0.0%

271

Table A-29 (cont’d) Year Region Renewable Energy Solar Energy Usage (%) Usage (%) 9 24 27.1% 1.2% 9 25 7.5% 0.2% 9 26 33.0% 12.3% 9 27 0.0% 0.0% 9 28 10.0% 0.0% 9 29 0.0% 0.0% 9 30 17.7% 0.0% 9 31 25.0% 24.9% 9 32 28.8% 0.0% 9 33 0.0% 0.0% 9 34 30.0% 2.5% 9 35 15.0% 0.0% 9 36 0.0% 0.0% 9 37 9.0% 0.0% 9 38 25.0% 0.0% 9 39 0.4% 0.0% 9 40 25.0% 0.0% 9 41 20.0% 2.0% 9 42 10.0% 0.0% 9 43 9.4% 2.1% 9 44 0.0% 0.0% 9 45 10.0% 0.3% 9 46 19.4% 13.4% 9 47 0.0% 0.0% 9 48 15.0% 0.0% 9 49 33.0% 0.0% 9 50 15.0% 5.8% 9 51 25.0% 6.4% 9 52 0.0% 0.0% 9 53 1.9% 0.0% 9 54 0.0% 0.0% 9 55 46.8% 1.0% 9 56 63.1% 0.0% 9 57 0.0% 0.0% 9 58 15.0% 15.0% 9 59 33.0% 0.0% 9 60 10.0% 0.0% 9 61 9.8% 0.0% 9 62 5.2% 0.0% 9 63 52.4% 0.0% 9 64 16.1% 4.9% 9 65 15.0% 0.0% 9 66 10.1% 0.0% 9 67 10.1% 0.0% 10 1 25.0% 0.0% 10 2 10.1% 0.0% 10 3 6.3% 0.0% 10 4 25.0% 1.5% 10 5 15.0% 0.3% 10 6 15.0% 14.2% 10 7 15.0% 0.3%

272

Table A-29 (cont’d) Year Region Renewable Energy Solar Energy Usage (%) Usage (%) 10 8 33.4% 0.0% 10 9 15.0% 0.0% 10 10 33.0% 11.9% 10 11 0.0% 0.0% 10 12 10.1% 0.0% 10 13 9.4% 0.2% 10 14 6.3% 0.3% 10 15 19.4% 4.0% 10 16 15.0% 0.3% 10 17 0.0% 0.0% 10 18 0.1% 0.0% 10 19 12.5% 0.5% 10 20 0.0% 0.0% 10 21 0.0% 0.0% 10 22 14.6% 0.0% 10 23 33.0% 1.7% 10 24 27.1% 1.2% 10 25 7.5% 0.2% 10 26 33.0% 23.2% 10 27 0.0% 0.0% 10 28 10.0% 0.0% 10 29 0.0% 0.0% 10 30 17.5% 0.0% 10 31 25.0% 22.2% 10 32 28.8% 0.0% 10 33 0.0% 0.0% 10 34 30.0% 2.5% 10 35 15.0% 0.0% 10 36 0.0% 0.0% 10 37 4.5% 0.0% 10 38 25.0% 0.0% 10 39 4.3% 0.0% 10 40 25.0% 0.0% 10 41 20.0% 2.0% 10 42 10.0% 0.0% 10 43 9.4% 1.5% 10 44 0.0% 0.0% 10 45 10.0% 0.0% 10 46 19.4% 13.4% 10 47 0.0% 0.0% 10 48 15.0% 0.0% 10 49 33.0% 0.0% 10 50 15.0% 4.7% 10 51 25.0% 6.3% 10 52 0.0% 0.0% 10 53 0.9% 0.0% 10 54 0.0% 0.0% 10 55 43.8% 1.0% 10 56 58.7% 0.0% 10 57 4.1% 0.0% 10 58 15.0% 15.0%

273

Table A-29 (cont’d) Year Region Renewable Energy Solar Energy Usage (%) Usage (%) 10 59 33.0% 0.0% 10 60 10.0% 0.0% 10 61 2.1% 0.0% 10 62 5.0% 0.0% 10 63 36.8% 0.0% 10 64 16.1% 10.1% 10 65 15.0% 0.0% 10 66 10.1% 0.0% 10 67 10.1% 0.0% 11 1 25.0% 0.0% 11 2 10.1% 0.0% 11 3 6.3% 0.0% 11 4 25.0% 1.5% 11 5 15.0% 0.3% 11 6 15.0% 14.2% 11 7 15.0% 0.3% 11 8 38.4% 0.0% 11 9 15.0% 0.0% 11 10 33.0% 11.6% 11 11 0.0% 0.0% 11 12 10.1% 0.0% 11 13 9.4% 0.2% 11 14 6.3% 0.3% 11 15 19.4% 9.6% 11 16 15.0% 0.3% 11 17 0.0% 0.0% 11 18 0.9% 0.0% 11 19 12.5% 0.5% 11 20 0.0% 0.0% 11 21 0.0% 0.0% 11 22 6.9% 0.0% 11 23 33.0% 8.6% 11 24 27.1% 1.1% 11 25 7.5% 0.2% 11 26 33.0% 10.4% 11 27 0.0% 0.0% 11 28 10.0% 0.0% 11 29 0.0% 0.0% 11 30 15.0% 0.0% 11 31 25.0% 23.3% 11 32 28.8% 0.1% 11 33 0.0% 0.0% 11 34 30.0% 2.5% 11 35 15.0% 0.0% 11 36 0.1% 0.0% 11 37 4.4% 0.0% 11 38 25.0% 0.0% 11 39 2.3% 0.0% 11 40 25.0% 0.0% 11 41 20.0% 2.0% 11 42 10.0% 0.0%

274

Table A-29 (cont’d) Year Region Renewable Energy Solar Energy Usage (%) Usage (%) 11 43 9.4% 1.1% 11 44 0.0% 0.0% 11 45 10.0% 0.0% 11 46 19.4% 9.1% 11 47 0.0% 0.0% 11 48 15.0% 0.0% 11 49 33.0% 0.0% 11 50 15.0% 7.1% 11 51 25.0% 2.1% 11 52 0.0% 0.0% 11 53 1.7% 0.0% 11 54 0.0% 0.0% 11 55 35.0% 1.0% 11 56 58.4% 0.0% 11 57 0.0% 0.0% 11 58 15.0% 14.9% 11 59 33.0% 0.0% 11 60 10.0% 0.0% 11 61 3.5% 0.0% 11 62 5.0% 0.0% 11 63 40.4% 0.0% 11 64 16.1% 10.1% 11 65 15.0% 0.0% 11 66 10.1% 0.0% 11 67 10.1% 0.0% 12 1 25.0% 0.0% 12 2 10.1% 0.0% 12 3 6.3% 0.0% 12 4 25.0% 1.5% 12 5 15.0% 0.3% 12 6 15.0% 14.4% 12 7 15.0% 0.3% 12 8 40.2% 0.0% 12 9 16.9% 0.0% 12 10 33.0% 11.2% 12 11 0.0% 0.0% 12 12 10.1% 0.0% 12 13 9.4% 0.2% 12 14 6.3% 0.3% 12 15 19.4% 4.5% 12 16 15.0% 0.3% 12 17 0.7% 0.0% 12 18 0.1% 0.0% 12 19 12.5% 0.5% 12 20 0.0% 0.0% 12 21 0.0% 0.0% 12 22 7.0% 0.0% 12 23 33.0% 5.3% 12 24 27.1% 0.9% 12 25 7.5% 0.2% 12 26 33.0% 18.6%

275

Table A-29 (cont’d) Year Region Renewable Energy Solar Energy Usage (%) Usage (%) 12 27 0.0% 0.0% 12 28 10.0% 0.0% 12 29 0.0% 0.0% 12 30 11.1% 0.0% 12 31 25.0% 14.5% 12 32 28.8% 0.1% 12 33 0.0% 0.0% 12 34 30.0% 2.5% 12 35 15.0% 0.0% 12 36 0.0% 0.0% 12 37 0.7% 0.0% 12 38 25.0% 0.0% 12 39 0.9% 0.0% 12 40 25.0% 0.0% 12 41 20.0% 2.0% 12 42 10.0% 0.0% 12 43 9.4% 0.7% 12 44 0.0% 0.0% 12 45 10.0% 0.0% 12 46 19.4% 5.7% 12 47 0.0% 0.0% 12 48 16.6% 0.0% 12 49 33.0% 0.0% 12 50 15.0% 7.0% 12 51 25.0% 1.5% 12 52 0.0% 0.0% 12 53 0.8% 0.0% 12 54 0.0% 0.0% 12 55 34.9% 1.0% 12 56 53.2% 0.0% 12 57 3.6% 0.0% 12 58 15.0% 15.0% 12 59 33.0% 0.0% 12 60 10.0% 0.0% 12 61 3.8% 0.0% 12 62 5.0% 0.0% 12 63 42.0% 0.0% 12 64 16.1% 10.1% 12 65 15.0% 0.0% 12 66 10.1% 0.0% 12 67 10.1% 0.0% 13 1 25.0% 0.0% 13 2 10.1% 0.0% 13 3 6.3% 0.0% 13 4 25.0% 1.5% 13 5 15.0% 0.3% 13 6 15.0% 14.3% 13 7 15.0% 0.3% 13 8 37.4% 0.0% 13 9 17.6% 0.0% 13 10 33.0% 11.3%

276

Table A-29 (cont’d) Year Region Renewable Energy Solar Energy Usage (%) Usage (%) 13 11 0.0% 0.0% 13 12 10.1% 0.0% 13 13 9.4% 0.2% 13 14 6.3% 0.3% 13 15 19.4% 4.0% 13 16 15.0% 0.3% 13 17 0.0% 0.0% 13 18 0.0% 0.0% 13 19 12.5% 0.5% 13 20 0.0% 0.0% 13 21 0.0% 0.0% 13 22 6.4% 0.0% 13 23 33.0% 6.0% 13 24 27.1% 0.9% 13 25 7.5% 0.2% 13 26 33.0% 19.0% 13 27 0.0% 0.0% 13 28 10.0% 0.0% 13 29 0.0% 0.0% 13 30 11.6% 0.0% 13 31 25.0% 3.9% 13 32 28.8% 0.1% 13 33 0.0% 0.0% 13 34 30.0% 2.5% 13 35 15.0% 0.0% 13 36 0.0% 0.0% 13 37 0.2% 0.0% 13 38 25.0% 0.0% 13 39 0.3% 0.0% 13 40 25.0% 0.0% 13 41 20.0% 2.0% 13 42 10.0% 0.0% 13 43 9.4% 0.4% 13 44 0.0% 0.0% 13 45 10.0% 0.0% 13 46 19.4% 4.0% 13 47 0.0% 0.0% 13 48 17.5% 0.0% 13 49 33.0% 0.0% 13 50 15.0% 6.2% 13 51 25.0% 1.5% 13 52 0.0% 0.0% 13 53 0.8% 0.0% 13 54 0.0% 0.0% 13 55 31.3% 1.0% 13 56 61.3% 0.0% 13 57 4.0% 0.0% 13 58 15.0% 15.0% 13 59 33.0% 0.0% 13 60 10.0% 0.0% 13 61 0.0% 0.0%

277

Table A-29 (cont’d) Year Region Renewable Energy Solar Energy Usage (%) Usage (%) 13 62 5.0% 0.0% 13 63 30.0% 0.0% 13 64 16.1% 10.1% 13 65 15.0% 0.0% 13 66 10.1% 0.0% 13 67 10.1% 0.0% 14 1 25.0% 0.0% 14 2 10.1% 0.0% 14 3 6.3% 0.0% 14 4 25.0% 1.5% 14 5 15.0% 0.3% 14 6 15.0% 12.8% 14 7 15.0% 0.3% 14 8 42.0% 0.0% 14 9 20.9% 0.0% 14 10 33.0% 10.9% 14 11 0.0% 0.0% 14 12 10.1% 0.0% 14 13 9.4% 0.2% 14 14 6.3% 0.3% 14 15 19.4% 4.0% 14 16 15.0% 0.3% 14 17 0.0% 0.0% 14 18 0.0% 0.0% 14 19 12.5% 0.5% 14 20 0.0% 0.0% 14 21 0.0% 0.0% 14 22 7.3% 0.0% 14 23 33.0% 7.2% 14 24 27.1% 0.9% 14 25 7.5% 0.2% 14 26 33.0% 4.4% 14 27 0.0% 0.0% 14 28 10.0% 0.0% 14 29 0.0% 0.0% 14 30 0.0% 0.0% 14 31 25.0% 20.4% 14 32 28.8% 0.1% 14 33 0.0% 0.0% 14 34 30.0% 2.5% 14 35 15.0% 0.0% 14 36 0.0% 0.0% 14 37 0.0% 0.0% 14 38 25.0% 0.0% 14 39 0.0% 0.0% 14 40 25.0% 0.0% 14 41 20.0% 2.0% 14 42 14.4% 0.0% 14 43 9.4% 0.0% 14 44 0.0% 0.0% 14 45 10.0% 0.0%

278

Table A-29 (cont’d) Year Region Renewable Energy Solar Energy Usage (%) Usage (%) 14 46 19.4% 4.0% 14 47 0.7% 0.0% 14 48 19.1% 0.0% 14 49 33.0% 0.0% 14 50 15.0% 4.5% 14 51 25.0% 1.5% 14 52 0.0% 0.0% 14 53 1.2% 0.0% 14 54 0.0% 0.0% 14 55 29.5% 1.0% 14 56 22.2% 0.0% 14 57 0.0% 0.0% 14 58 15.0% 14.5% 14 59 33.0% 0.1% 14 60 10.0% 0.0% 14 61 0.0% 0.0% 14 62 5.0% 0.0% 14 63 30.0% 0.0% 14 64 16.1% 10.1% 14 65 15.0% 0.0% 14 66 10.1% 0.0% 14 67 10.1% 0.0% 15 1 25.0% 0.0% 15 2 10.1% 0.0% 15 3 6.3% 0.0% 15 4 25.0% 1.5% 15 5 15.0% 0.3% 15 6 15.0% 13.7% 15 7 15.0% 0.3% 15 8 46.2% 0.0% 15 9 33.9% 0.0% 15 10 33.0% 9.4% 15 11 0.0% 0.0% 15 12 10.1% 0.0% 15 13 9.4% 0.2% 15 14 6.3% 0.3% 15 15 19.4% 4.0% 15 16 15.0% 0.3% 15 17 0.0% 0.0% 15 18 0.0% 0.0% 15 19 12.5% 0.5% 15 20 0.0% 0.0% 15 21 0.0% 0.0% 15 22 0.0% 0.0% 15 23 33.0% 18.7% 15 24 27.1% 1.1% 15 25 7.5% 0.2% 15 26 33.0% 5.2% 15 27 0.0% 0.0% 15 28 10.0% 0.0% 15 29 0.0% 0.0%

279

Table A-29 (cont’d) Year Region Renewable Energy Solar Energy Usage (%) Usage (%) 15 30 2.0% 0.0% 15 31 25.0% 20.7% 15 32 28.8% 0.0% 15 33 0.0% 0.0% 15 34 30.0% 2.5% 15 35 15.0% 0.0% 15 36 1.0% 0.0% 15 37 0.0% 0.0% 15 38 25.0% 0.0% 15 39 0.0% 0.0% 15 40 25.0% 0.0% 15 41 20.0% 2.0% 15 42 10.0% 0.0% 15 43 9.4% 0.0% 15 44 0.0% 0.0% 15 45 10.0% 0.0% 15 46 19.4% 4.0% 15 47 1.5% 0.0% 15 48 15.1% 0.0% 15 49 33.0% 0.0% 15 50 15.0% 10.7% 15 51 25.0% 1.5% 15 52 0.0% 0.0% 15 53 0.5% 0.0% 15 54 0.0% 0.0% 15 55 24.1% 1.0% 15 56 12.3% 0.0% 15 57 1.9% 0.0% 15 58 15.0% 15.0% 15 59 33.0% 0.0% 15 60 10.0% 0.0% 15 61 0.0% 0.0% 15 62 5.0% 0.0% 15 63 30.0% 0.0% 15 64 16.1% 10.1% 15 65 15.0% 0.0% 15 66 10.1% 0.0% 15 67 10.1% 0.0%

280

Scenario 3

The objective function and summary outputs are as follows:

• Total Cost: $7.95e+012

• Total Generation: 2.59e+011 MWh

• Average Power Cost: $30.64/MWh

Several tables contain the remaining outputs. Table A-30 lists the generation capacity installed annually in each region, while Tables A-31 and A-32 list the AC and DC transmission capacities installed between regions each year, respectively. Table A-33 illustrates the amount of generation, usage, import, and export in each region in each year, and Table A-34 shows the annual renewable energy and solar-specific usage as a percentage of total usage in each region.

281

Table A-30. Annual New Generation Capacity Installed (Scenario 3) YEAR REGION TECHNOLOGY CAPACITY (MW) 1 4 2 3000 1 6 1 3000 1 9 4 3000 1 10 1 3000 1 12 2 3000 1 13 1 3000 1 18 4 3000 1 20 4 3000 1 22 4 849 1 24 1 3000 1 29 2 3000 1 30 2 3000 1 31 1 3000 1 32 3 3000 1 33 2 3000 1 37 2 3000 1 41 1 3000 1 43 1 3000 1 46 1 3000 1 48 4 1181 1 50 1 3000 1 51 1 450 1 53 4 3000 1 55 2 3000 1 56 2 3000 1 61 2 3000 1 62 2 3000 1 63 2 3000 1 64 1 3000 2 3 1 828 2 4 2 3000 2 5 1 132 2 6 1 3000 2 7 1 73 2 9 4 2832 2 10 1 3000 2 12 2 3000 2 13 1 3000 2 18 4 3000 2 19 1 489 2 20 4 3000 2 21 1 237 2 22 4 309 2 24 1 139 2 24 3 2861 2 25 1 3 2 27 1 40 2 29 2 3000 2 30 2 3000 2 31 1 3000 2 32 3 3000

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Table A-30 (cont’d) YEAR REGION TECHNOLOGY CAPACITY (MW) 2 33 2 3000 2 34 1 974 2 36 1 15 2 37 2 3000 2 41 1 2068 2 41 3 932 2 43 1 3000 2 46 1 3000 2 50 1 3000 2 53 4 3000 2 55 2 3000 2 56 2 3000 2 61 2 3000 2 62 2 3000 2 63 2 3000 2 64 1 3000 3 6 1 3000 3 9 4 154 3 10 1 3000 3 12 2 3000 3 13 1 182 3 18 4 3000 3 20 4 3000 3 22 4 50 3 29 2 3000 3 30 2 375 3 31 1 3000 3 32 3 1940 3 33 2 3000 3 41 1 3000 3 43 1 3000 3 46 1 1102 3 48 4 201 3 53 4 3000 3 55 2 3000 3 56 1 10 3 56 2 1293 3 57 4 599 3 61 2 3000 3 63 2 3000 3 64 1 3000 4 6 1 3000 4 9 4 1391 4 10 1 3000 4 12 2 3000 4 18 4 3000 4 20 4 3000 4 22 4 161 4 24 4 1979 4 29 2 3000

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Table A-30 (cont’d) YEAR REGION TECHNOLOGY CAPACITY (MW) 4 31 1 3000 4 32 3 1075 4 33 2 3000 4 43 4 153 4 48 4 514 4 53 4 3000 4 55 2 3000 4 57 4 3000 4 61 2 3000 4 63 2 3000 4 64 1 3000 5 6 1 3000 5 9 4 392 5 10 1 3000 5 12 2 3000 5 18 4 3000 5 20 4 3000 5 22 4 46 5 24 4 2087 5 29 2 3000 5 32 3 488 5 43 4 2025 5 48 4 213 5 53 4 3000 5 55 2 3000 5 57 4 3000 5 61 2 3000 5 63 2 3000 5 64 1 3000 6 6 1 3000 6 9 4 267 6 10 4 728 6 12 2 3000 6 18 4 3000 6 20 4 3000 6 22 4 46 6 24 4 2087 6 29 2 3000 6 32 3 781 6 42 4 252 6 43 4 2334 6 44 4 962 6 48 4 213 6 53 4 3000 6 55 2 3000 6 57 4 3000 6 61 2 3000 6 64 1 3000 7 6 1 3000 7 8 4 38 7 9 4 248 7 10 4 3000

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Table A-30 (cont’d) YEAR REGION TECHNOLOGY CAPACITY (MW) 7 12 2 3000 7 15 4 308 7 18 4 3000 7 20 4 3000 7 22 4 46 7 24 3 212 7 24 4 1875 7 29 2 3000 7 32 3 593 7 42 4 330 7 43 4 3000 7 44 4 2490 7 48 4 213 7 53 4 3000 7 55 2 3000 7 57 4 3000 7 59 4 31 7 64 4 835 8 8 4 166 8 10 4 3000 8 12 2 3000 8 15 4 292 8 18 4 3000 8 19 4 3000 8 20 4 3000 8 22 4 46 8 24 3 275 8 24 4 1812 8 29 2 2141 8 32 3 537 8 39 4 139 8 42 4 470 8 43 4 3000 8 44 4 2048 8 48 4 214 8 50 4 959 8 52 4 763 8 53 4 3000 8 57 4 3000 8 59 4 70 8 64 4 363 9 10 4 3000 9 13 4 3000 9 15 4 991 9 18 4 3000 9 19 4 3000 9 20 4 3000 9 22 4 324 9 23 4 4 9 24 3 275 9 24 4 1812 9 32 3 537

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Table A-30 (cont’d) YEAR REGION TECHNOLOGY CAPACITY (MW) 9 32 4 2117 9 39 4 689 9 42 4 288 9 43 4 3000 9 44 4 1774 9 48 4 213 9 50 4 798 9 52 4 2306 9 53 4 3000 9 57 4 3000 9 59 4 70 9 64 4 45 10 6 4 300 10 10 4 3000 10 11 4 432 10 13 4 3000 10 15 4 742 10 18 4 3000 10 19 4 3000 10 20 4 3000 10 22 4 51 10 23 4 548 10 24 3 324 10 24 4 1762 10 32 3 493 10 32 4 2507 10 39 4 396 10 40 4 17 10 43 4 3000 10 44 4 1471 10 50 4 1366 10 52 4 3000 10 53 4 3000 10 57 4 3000 10 59 4 232 10 64 4 147 11 6 4 1218 11 10 4 3000 11 11 4 2984 11 13 4 3000 11 15 4 1442 11 16 4 86 11 17 4 146 11 18 4 3000 11 19 4 3000 11 20 4 3000 11 21 4 125 11 22 4 753 11 23 4 226 11 24 3 324 11 24 4 1762 11 27 4 3000

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Table A-30 (cont’d) YEAR REGION TECHNOLOGY CAPACITY (MW) 11 32 3 493 11 32 4 2507 11 39 4 632 11 40 4 182 11 43 4 3000 11 44 4 1471 11 45 4 464 11 50 4 959 11 52 4 1448 11 53 4 3000 11 57 4 3000 11 59 4 86 11 64 4 78 11 67 4 65 12 6 4 382 12 10 4 3000 12 11 4 3000 12 13 4 3000 12 15 4 994 12 16 4 124 12 17 4 522 12 18 4 3000 12 19 4 3000 12 20 4 3000 12 21 4 89 12 24 3 543 12 24 4 1544 12 26 4 507 12 27 4 2930 12 31 4 827 12 32 4 3000 12 40 4 27 12 43 4 3000 12 44 4 1471 12 45 4 597 12 50 4 1653 12 52 4 353 12 53 4 3000 12 55 4 326 12 57 4 3000 12 63 4 1320 12 64 4 199 12 67 4 76 13 6 4 1099 13 10 4 3000 13 11 4 2231 13 13 4 3000 13 17 4 1488 13 18 4 3000 13 19 4 2109 13 20 4 3000 13 23 4 25

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Table A-30 (cont’d) YEAR REGION TECHNOLOGY CAPACITY (MW) 13 24 3 135 13 24 4 1951 13 26 4 1310 13 27 4 3000 13 32 4 3000 13 43 4 3000 13 44 4 1471 13 45 4 883 13 52 4 1479 13 53 4 3000 13 55 4 1743 13 57 4 3000 13 58 4 17 13 67 4 76 14 10 4 3000 14 11 4 152 14 13 4 1034 14 18 4 3000 14 20 4 3000 14 23 4 1974 14 24 4 2087 14 26 4 3000 14 27 4 3000 14 32 4 3000 14 43 4 3000 14 44 4 1505 14 52 4 955 14 53 4 3000 14 55 4 152 14 57 4 3000 14 67 4 76

Table A-31. Annual Low Voltage AC Transmission Capacity Installed (Scenario 3) YEAR BETWEEN REGIONS CAPACITY (MW) 1 10 31 781 1 24 32 19 1 28 33 866 1 28 66 893 1 46 50 433 2 10 31 280 2 10 64 1775 2 24 32 2945 3 6 10 794 3 10 31 2742 3 10 64 678 3 24 32 786 4 6 10 732 4 17 53 382 4 18 47 3817 4 24 32 69

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Table A-31 (cont’d) YEAR REGION TECHNOLOGY CAPACITY (MW) 5 6 10 1159 5 10 31 48 5 17 53 3280 5 18 47 513 6 6 10 1761 6 10 31 539 6 17 53 2701 7 6 10 557 7 10 31 190 7 17 53 706 7 31 64 282 8 31 64 176 9 31 64 353 13 9 51 41 13 10 40 629 13 27 57 81 13 52 53 1070 14 27 57 4428 14 52 53 572

Table A-32. Annual High Voltage DC Transmission Capacity Installed (Scenario 3) YEAR BETWEEN REGIONS CAPACITY (MW) 1 12 32 1684 1 24 60 37 1 25 41 20 1 29 32 1046 1 30 67 64 1 37 41 1160 1 41 61 990 2 10 47 175 2 10 55 685 2 10 56 1944 2 19 30 1048 2 36 41 44 2 37 41 182 2 41 61 922 3 7 41 3 3 10 55 1495 3 10 63 178 3 18 23 99 3 19 30 250 3 29 41 1900 3 30 67 7 3 37 41 158 3 41 61 909 4 4 18 83 4 5 18 463 4 12 41 831 4 15 18 103 4 18 23 142

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Table A-32 (cont’d) YEAR REGION TECHNOLOGY CAPACITY (MW) 4 18 46 4 4 18 50 592 4 18 64 34 4 19 30 51 4 24 60 10 4 29 41 1764 4 30 67 14 4 41 61 909 5 12 41 529 5 15 18 7 5 18 50 71 5 18 53 3129 5 19 30 51 5 29 41 306 5 41 61 907 6 12 41 393 6 15 18 84 6 18 23 35 6 18 50 314 6 18 53 3145 6 29 41 114 6 30 67 7 6 41 61 909 7 6 18 90 7 10 55 911 7 12 41 550 7 15 18 163 7 18 23 17 7 18 45 879 7 18 46 137 7 18 50 502 7 18 53 1337 7 18 55 407 7 30 67 7 8 10 55 770 8 11 18 422 8 12 41 767 8 15 18 226 8 18 45 287 8 18 46 371 8 18 55 2150 8 30 67 7 9 10 55 612 9 11 18 794 9 12 41 164 9 15 18 650 9 18 46 701 9 18 54 32 9 18 55 1278 9 29 41 761

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Table A-32 (cont’d) YEAR REGION TECHNOLOGY CAPACITY (MW) 9 30 67 7 10 9 10 1541 10 15 18 731 10 18 54 292 10 18 55 2428 10 41 61 0 10 65 67 7 11 4 46 3 11 5 46 2 11 9 10 630 11 11 18 2691 11 15 18 756 11 19 30 46 11 25 46 0 11 34 45 6 11 34 64 6 11 41 46 61 11 41 54 792 11 41 61 2 11 65 67 7 12 4 46 15 12 5 46 3 12 11 18 2706 12 12 32 290 12 15 18 731 12 17 41 529 12 18 55 10 12 25 46 0 12 29 32 15 12 41 54 695 12 65 67 7 13 4 18 317 13 4 46 3 13 5 46 3 13 11 18 1975 13 12 32 120 13 14 56 324 13 15 18 150 13 16 46 1 13 17 41 35 13 18 55 1017 13 25 46 0 13 29 32 557 13 34 64 11 13 41 54 323 13 41 64 156 13 65 67 7 14 1 65 89 14 4 18 1195 14 4 45 3 14 4 64 7 14 5 46 2

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Table A-32 (cont’d) YEAR REGION TECHNOLOGY CAPACITY (MW) 14 12 32 37 14 14 56 67 14 15 18 10 14 18 25 113 14 18 55 2179 14 25 46 0 14 29 32 721 14 34 64 6 14 34 65 19 14 38 65 108 14 41 64 248 14 65 66 189 14 65 67 7 15 46 47 5000

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Table A-33. Annual Electricity Generation, Usage, Imports, and Exports by Region (Scenario 3) Year Region Demand Generated DC DC Local AC AC (MWh) (MWh) Imports Exports Generation Imports Exports (MWh) (MWh) Used (MWh) (MWh) (MWh) 1 1 5.98E+07 1.32E+08 0 0 5.98E+07 0 7.19E+07 1 2 4.27E+07 3.84E+07 0 0 3.80E+07 4.69E+06 446247 1 3 5.48E+07 6.89E+07 0 0 1.48E+06 5.33E+07 6.74E+07 1 4 1.20E+08 1.82E+08 0 0 1.20E+08 0 6.19E+07 1 5 1.07E+08 1.24E+08 0 0 9.29E+07 1.37E+07 3.13E+07 1 6 7.56E+07 9.16E+07 0 0 7.56E+07 0 1.59E+07 1 7 4.82E+07 2.58E+07 0 0 8.01E+06 4.02E+07 1.78E+07 1 8 2.29E+07 1.34E+07 0 0 1.31E+07 9.86E+06 367974 1 9 2.31E+08 2.05E+08 0 0 2.05E+08 2.57E+07 0 1 10 1.22E+09 1.20E+09 0 0 1.20E+09 1.93E+07 1.76E+06 1 11 3.78E+07 3.78E+07 0 0 3.78E+07 0 0 1 12 1.26E+07 1.94E+07 0 0 1.26E+07 0 6.85E+06 1 13 2.42E+08 2.56E+08 0 0 2.42E+08 0 1.44E+07 1 14 2.22E+08 2.46E+08 0 0 2.11E+08 1.11E+07 3.54E+07 1 15 2.04E+07 2.35E+07 0 0 2.04E+07 0 3.09E+06 1 16 1.34E+07 6.38E+06 0 0 6.38E+06 7.01E+06 0 1 17 2.78E+08 4.72E+08 0 0 2.75E+08 2.41E+06 1.96E+08 1 18 7.79E+08 7.79E+08 0 0 7.79E+08 0 0 1 19 1.55E+08 2.35E+08 0 0 1.55E+08 0 8.02E+07 1 20 4.07E+08 4.07E+08 0 0 4.07E+08 0 0 1 21 3.52E+07 4.73E+07 0 0 3.52E+07 0 1.21E+07 1 22 4.05E+07 3.61E+07 0 0 3.61E+07 4.41E+06 0 1 23 8.55E+06 6.32E+06 0 0 6.32E+06 2.23E+06 0 1 24 5.69E+08 4.87E+08 0 0 4.87E+08 8.20E+07 0 1 25 5.47E+06 7.34E+07 0 0 5.47E+06 0 6.80E+07 1 26 6.41E+07 7.14E+07 0 0 6.41E+07 0 7.32E+06 1 27 1.16E+08 1.49E+08 0 0 8.51E+07 3.07E+07 6.42E+07 1 28 3.89E+08 2.80E+08 0 0 2.80E+08 1.09E+08 0 1 29 5.37E+07 9.62E+07 0 0 4.94E+07 4.37E+06 4.68E+07 1 30 3.66E+07 4.77E+07 0 0 3.66E+07 0 1.11E+07 1 31 6.31E+07 6.86E+07 0 0 6.00E+07 3.08E+06 8.55E+06 1 32 9.28E+08 7.63E+08 0 0 6.71E+08 2.57E+08 9.23E+07 1 33 9.64E+07 7.50E+07 0 0 6.74E+07 2.90E+07 7.59E+06 1 34 1.12E+08 1.09E+08 0 0 7.27E+07 3.91E+07 3.66E+07 1 35 3.11E+07 4.54E+07 0 0 3.11E+07 0 1.43E+07 1 36 6.55E+07 5.97E+07 0 0 5.97E+07 5.79E+06 0 1 37 2.72E+07 3.19E+07 0 0 2.72E+07 0 4.65E+06 1 38 6.70E+07 7.09E+07 0 0 6.22E+07 4.76E+06 8.72E+06 1 39 9.01E+07 9.51E+07 0 0 9.01E+07 0 4.98E+06 1 40 4.77E+07 6.15E+07 0 0 4.77E+07 0 1.38E+07 1 41 1.87E+09 2.11E+09 0 0 1.80E+09 6.48E+07 3.08E+08 1 42 4.62E+07 6.13E+07 0 0 4.62E+07 0 1.51E+07 1 43 3.49E+08 3.29E+08 0 0 3.29E+08 2.02E+07 0 1 44 2.56E+08 2.56E+08 0 0 2.56E+08 0 0 1 45 9.58E+07 9.06E+07 0 0 9.06E+07 5.18E+06 0 1 46 2.47E+07 3.82E+07 0 0 2.26E+07 2.08E+06 1.56E+07 1 47 1.32E+08 1.76E+08 0 0 1.32E+08 0 4.39E+07 1 48 8.34E+07 8.31E+07 0 0 8.31E+07 326125 0 1 49 2.74E+07 2.74E+07 0 0 2.74E+07 0 0

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Table A-33 (cont’d) Year Region Demand Generated DC DC Local AC AC (MWh) (MWh) Imports Exports Generation Imports Exports (MWh) (MWh) Used (MWh) (MWh) (MWh) 1 50 7.56E+07 7.39E+07 0 0 7.35E+07 2.09E+06 415616 1 51 2.85E+07 2.85E+07 0 0 2.85E+07 0 0 1 52 6.01E+07 6.77E+07 0 0 6.01E+07 0 7.56E+06 1 53 1.35E+09 1.18E+09 0 0 1.18E+09 1.69E+08 0 1 54 2.04E+07 3.00E+07 0 0 2.04E+07 0 9.68E+06 1 55 1.03E+08 5.03E+07 0 0 5.03E+07 5.28E+07 0 1 56 1.34E+07 1.02E+07 0 0 2.09E+06 1.13E+07 8.15E+06 1 57 5.53E+08 4.62E+08 0 0 4.48E+08 1.05E+08 1.39E+07 1 58 3.33E+07 3.21E+07 0 0 2.92E+07 4.06E+06 2.86E+06 1 59 6.48E+06 6.28E+06 0 0 6.28E+06 204000 0 1 60 1.75E+06 5.94E+06 0 0 1.75E+06 0 4.19E+06 1 61 6.87E+07 7.84E+07 0 0 6.00E+07 8.67E+06 1.84E+07 1 62 5.33E+07 4.80E+07 0 0 4.55E+07 7.83E+06 2.50E+06 1 63 9.69E+07 9.51E+07 0 0 9.51E+07 1.83E+06 0 1 64 1.99E+07 1.26E+07 0 0 9.18E+06 1.07E+07 3.41E+06 1 65 1.63E+06 114092 0 0 114092 1.52E+06 0 1 66 9.71E+07 7.90E+07 0 0 6.40E+07 3.32E+07 1.51E+07 1 67 3.11E+07 3.11E+07 0 0 3.11E+07 0 0 2 1 6.65E+07 1.89E+08 0 0 6.65E+07 0 1.22E+08 2 2 4.55E+07 3.84E+07 0 0 3.38E+07 1.17E+07 4.62E+06 2 3 5.79E+07 6.89E+07 0 0 10673800 4.73E+07 5.82E+07 2 4 1.23E+08 1.94E+08 0 0 1.23E+08 0 7.01E+07 2 5 1.10E+08 1.24E+08 0 0 9.29E+07 1.71E+07 3.13E+07 2 6 8.51E+07 1.03E+08 0 0 8.51E+07 0 1.80E+07 2 7 5.11E+07 2.58E+07 0 0 1.14E+07 3.97E+07 1.44E+07 2 8 2.44E+07 1.53E+07 0 0 1.53E+07 9.10E+06 0 2 9 2.37E+08 2.15E+08 0 0 2.15E+08 2.24E+07 0 2 10 1.29E+09 1.26E+09 0 0 1.26E+09 3.18E+07 5.27E+06 2 11 3.97E+07 3.97E+07 0 0 3.97E+07 0 0 2 12 1.33E+07 3.73E+07 0 29496500 4.39E+06 8941500 3.46E+06 2 13 2.54E+08 2.64E+08 0 0 2.54E+08 0 1.01E+07 2 14 2.26E+08 2.46E+08 0 0 2.15E+08 1.08E+07 3.07E+07 2 15 2.29E+07 2.44E+07 0 0 2.24E+07 5.34E+05 2.04E+06 2 16 1.46E+07 8.00E+06 0 0 8.00E+06 6.59E+06 0 2 17 2.93E+08 4.88E+08 0 0 2.92E+08 6.04E+05 1.96E+08 2 18 8.44E+08 8.44E+08 0 0 8.44E+08 0 0 2 19 1.62E+08 2.40E+08 0 0 1.62E+08 0 7.79E+07 2 20 4.57E+08 4.57E+08 0 0 4.57E+08 0 0 2 21 3.76E+07 4.73E+07 0 0 3.76E+07 0 9.62E+06 2 22 4.23E+07 4.06E+07 0 0 4.06E+07 1.70E+06 0 2 23 9.31E+06 6.23E+06 0 0 6.23E+06 3.08E+06 0 2 24 5.85E+08 5.02E+08 611447 0 5.02E+08 8.22E+07 0 2 25 5.61E+06 7.43E+07 0 344949 5.61E+06 0 6.84E+07 2 26 6.71E+07 7.34E+07 0 0 6.71E+07 0 6.30E+06 2 27 1.22E+08 1.49E+08 0 0 9.33E+07 2.83E+07 5.60E+07 2 28 3.85E+08 2.70E+08 0 0 2.70E+08 1.16E+08 0 2 29 5.54E+07 1.14E+08 0 18319400 5.52E+07 2.20E+05 4.06E+07

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Table A-33 (cont’d) Year Region Demand Generated DC DC Local AC AC (MWh) (MWh) Imports Exports Generation Imports Exports (MWh) (MWh) Used (MWh) (MWh) (MWh) 2 30 3.91E+07 5.28E+07 0 1123500 3.91E+07 0 1.25E+07 2 31 6.86E+07 7.73E+07 0 0 6.29E+07 5.72E+06 1.44E+07 2 32 9.51E+08 7.96E+08 44465200 0 7.04E+08 2.03E+08 9.25E+07 2 33 1.01E+08 8.67E+07 0 0 6.59E+07 3.53E+07 2.07E+07 2 34 1.14E+08 1.09E+08 0 0 4.50E+07 6.90E+07 6.44E+07 2 35 3.25E+07 4.54E+07 0 0 3.25E+07 0 1.29E+07 2 36 6.91E+07 6.45E+07 0 0 6.45E+07 4.60E+06 0 2 37 3.10E+07 4.95E+07 0 20327800 2.89E+07 2041660 2.34E+05 2 38 7.15E+07 7.00E+07 0 0 6.99E+07 1.57E+06 26181 2 39 9.62E+07 9.81E+07 0 0 9.62E+07 0 1.92E+06 2 40 5.09E+07 6.15E+07 0 0 5.09E+07 0 1.06E+07 2 41 1.98E+09 2.12E+09 35395300 0 1.88E+09 6.35E+07 2.42E+08 2 42 4.99E+07 6.13E+07 0 0 4.99E+07 0 1.14E+07 2 43 3.74E+08 3.61E+08 0 0 3.61E+08 1.29E+07 0 2 44 2.70E+08 2.70E+08 0 0 2.70E+08 0 0 2 45 1.01E+08 9.17E+07 0 0 9.17E+07 8.95E+06 0 2 46 2.60E+07 5.22E+07 0 0 2.60E+07 0 2.63E+07 2 47 1.38E+08 1.53E+08 0 0 1.38E+08 0 1.45E+07 2 48 8.55E+07 8.86E+07 0 0 8.55E+07 0 3.06E+06 2 49 2.77E+07 2.77E+07 0 0 2.77E+07 23900.3 0 2 50 8.58E+07 8.33E+07 0 0 7.96E+07 6.15E+06 3.73E+06 2 51 2.92E+07 2.92E+07 0 0 2.92E+07 0 0 2 52 6.45E+07 6.90E+07 0 0 6.43E+07 226167 4.74E+06 2 53 1.47E+09 1.30E+09 0 0 1.30E+09 1.63E+08 0 2 54 2.21E+07 3.00E+07 0 0 2.21E+07 0 7.93E+06 2 55 1.06E+08 7.03E+07 0 0 6.97E+07 3.62E+07 573083 2 56 1.39E+07 2.82E+07 0 0 4811390 9.07E+06 2.34E+07 2 57 5.83E+08 4.81E+08 0 0 4.74E+08 1.09E+08 6956440 2 58 3.58E+07 3.12E+07 0 0 2.93E+07 6.46E+06 1.86E+06 2 59 7.04E+06 6.70E+06 0 0 6.68E+06 367765 26147.7 2 60 1.73E+06 5.94E+06 0 650708 1.73E+06 0 3.56E+06 2 61 7.36E+07 9.63E+07 0 17337200 6.84E+07 5252410 1.06E+07 2 62 5.54E+07 6.28E+07 0 0 5.54E+07 23497.4 7.40E+06 2 63 1.03E+08 9.55E+07 0 0 9.55E+07 7.67E+06 0 2 64 2.14E+07 2.16E+07 0 0 1.25E+07 8.89E+06 9.06E+06 2 65 1.63E+06 114092 0 0 114092 1.52E+06 0 2 66 1.00E+08 7.90E+07 0 0 5.28E+07 4.76E+07 2.62E+07 2 67 3.20E+07 3.09E+07 1072100 0 3.09E+07 0 0 3 1 7.28E+07 1.39E+08 0 0 7.28E+07 0 6.67E+07 3 2 4.87E+07 3.92E+07 0 0 3.49E+07 1.38E+07 4.37E+06 3 3 6.13E+07 7.18E+07 0 0 4.17E+07 1.96E+07 3.01E+07 3 4 1.28E+08 2.05E+08 0 0 1.02E+08 2.62E+07 1.04E+08 3 5 1.14E+08 1.37E+08 0 0 9.77E+07 1.66E+07 3.92E+07 3 6 9.65E+07 1.23E+08 0 0 8.53E+07 1.12E+07 3.78E+07 3 7 5.36E+07 2.78E+07 0 0.00E+00 1.83E+07 3.53E+07 9.51E+06 3 8 2.58E+07 1.58E+07 0 0 1.58E+07 1.00E+07 0 3 9 2.42E+08 2.48E+08 0 0 2.35E+08 6.92E+06 1.23E+07 3 10 1.35E+09 1.18E+09 4.58E+07 0 1.13E+09 1.76E+08 4.57E+07 3 11 4.17E+07 4.17E+07 0 0 4.17E+07 0 0

295

Table A-33 (cont’d) Year Region Demand Generated DC DC Local AC AC (MWh) (MWh) Imports Exports Generation Imports Exports (MWh) (MWh) Used (MWh) (MWh) (MWh) 3 12 1.41E+07 5.54E+07 0 2.95E+07 1.41E+07 0 1.19E+07 3 13 2.67E+08 3.42E+08 0 0 1.87E+08 8.02E+07 1.56E+08 3 14 2.34E+08 2.48E+08 0.00E+00 0 2.11E+08 2.25E+07 3.73E+07 3 15 2.50E+07 2.51E+07 0 0 2.02E+07 4.86E+06 4.94E+06 3 16 1.58E+07 7.38E+06 0 0 7.11E+06 8.73E+06 266304 3 17 3.01E+08 5.02E+08 0 0 3.00E+08 805582 2.02E+08 3 18 9.03E+08 9.03E+08 0 0 9.03E+08 0 0 3 19 1.69E+08 2.24E+08 1.70E+07 0 1.52E+08 0.00E+00 7.18E+07 3 20 5.01E+08 5.01E+08 0 0 5.01E+08 0 0 3 21 4.01E+07 4.80E+07 0 0 4.01E+07 0 7.88E+06 3 22 4.41E+07 6.83E+07 0 0 3.65E+07 7.53E+06 3.18E+07 3 23 1.02E+07 1.61E+07 0 0 6.79E+06 3.38E+06 9.34E+06 3 24 6.02E+08 5.35E+08 611447 0 4.97E+08 1.05E+08 3.80E+07 3 25 5.67E+06 5.88E+07 0 344949 5.26E+06 417016 5.32E+07 3 26 7.05E+07 7.30E+07 0 0 6.96E+07 8.61E+05 3.37E+06 3 27 1.28E+08 1.51E+08 0 0 7.47E+07 5.29E+07 7.66E+07 3 28 3.88E+08 2.98E+08 0.00E+00 0 2.86E+08 1.02E+08 1.21E+07 3 29 5.80E+07 1.28E+08 0 1.83E+07 5.80E+07 0 5.13E+07 3 30 4.10E+07 8.35E+07 0 1.95E+07 4.10E+07 0 2.31E+07 3 31 7.38E+07 7.12E+07 0 0 4.44E+07 2.94E+07 2.68E+07 3 32 9.82E+08 7.92E+08 44465200 0 6.74E+08 2.64E+08 1.18E+08 3 33 1.06E+08 9.86E+07 0 0 6.88E+07 3.76E+07 2.98E+07 3 34 1.16E+08 1.12E+08 0 0 6.48E+07 5.10E+07 4.67E+07 3 35 3.40E+07 4.98E+07 0 0 3.40E+07 0 1.58E+07 3 36 7.38E+07 6.18E+07 0 765788 6.09E+07 1.29E+07 154184 3 37 3.25E+07 6.14E+07 0 23514800 3.18E+07 696983 6.05E+06 3 38 7.60E+07 7.09E+07 0 0 6.06E+07 1.53E+07 1.03E+07 3 39 1.01E+08 1.09E+08 0 0 9.73E+07 3.82E+06 1.15E+07 3 40 5.35E+07 5.98E+07 -1.77E-09 1.86E-09 5.35E+07 0 6.32E+06 3 41 2.07E+09 2.26E+09 5.41E+07 0 1.78E+09 2.30E+08 4.82E+08 3 42 5.39E+07 6.13E+07 0 0 5.39E+07 0 7.37E+06 3 43 4.00E+08 3.46E+08 0 0 3.17E+08 8.28E+07 2.91E+07 3 44 2.90E+08 2.90E+08 0 0 2.90E+08 0 140226 3 45 1.08E+08 1.02E+08 0 0 9.73E+07 1.09E+07 4.50E+06 3 46 2.73E+07 6.63E+07 0 0 2.18E+07 5.51E+06 4.44E+07 3 47 1.45E+08 1.88E+08 0 3.07E+06 1.45E+08 0 4.01E+07 3 48 8.91E+07 8.91E+07 0 0 8.91E+07 0 0 3 49 2.81E+07 2.48E+07 0 0 1.70E+07 1.10E+07 7.71E+06 3 50 9.77E+07 1.12E+08 0 0 8.57E+07 1.20E+07 2.61E+07 3 51 3.03E+07 2.46E+07 0 0 1.99E+07 1.04E+07 4.65E+06 3 52 6.94E+07 8.32E+07 0 0 6.79E+07 1.45E+06 1.53E+07 3 53 1.58E+09 1.37E+09 0 0.00E+00 1.31E+09 2.66E+08 6.47E+07 3 54 2.40E+07 4.27E+07 0 0 2.40E+07 0 1.87E+07 3 55 1.12E+08 9.22E+07 0 12008100 6.63E+07 4.60E+07 1.39E+07 3 56 1.41E+07 4.61E+07 0 34060500 3.05E+06 1.11E+07 8.98E+06 3 57 5.90E+08 5.80E+08 0 0 4.23E+08 1.67E+08 1.57E+08 3 58 3.78E+07 3.12E+07 0 0 2.91E+07 8.75E+06 2.10E+06 3 59 7.58E+06 6.53E+06 0 0 4.13E+06 3.46E+06 2.40E+06 3 60 1.73E+06 5.67E+06 0.00E+00 650708 1.73E+06 0 3.29E+06

296

Table A-33 (cont’d) Year Region Demand Generated DC DC Local AC AC (MWh) (MWh) Imports Exports Generation Imports Exports (MWh) (MWh) Used (MWh) (MWh) (MWh) 3 61 8.09E+07 1.14E+08 0 3.35E+07 5.00E+07 3.08E+07 3.08E+07 3 62 5.77E+07 7.80E+07 0 0 4.77E+07 1.00E+07 3.03E+07 3 63 1.09E+08 1.22E+08 0 1.53E-08 1.09E+08 0 1.29E+07 3 64 2.29E+07 8.85E+07 1.77E-09 -1.86E-09 7.88E+06 1.51E+07 8.06E+07 3 65 1.63E+06 244891 0 0 244891 1.39E+06 0 3 66 1.02E+08 8.21E+07 0 0 6.12E+07 4.09E+07 2.09E+07 3 67 3.32E+07 3.21E+07 1.07E+06 0 3.21E+07 0 0 4 1 7.90E+07 1.50E+08 0 0 7.90E+07 0 7.05E+07 4 2 5.18E+07 3.92E+07 0 0 3.52E+07 1.66E+07 4.00E+06 4 3 6.47E+07 7.17E+07 0 0.00E+00 4.52E+07 1.95E+07 2.65E+07 4 4 1.33E+08 2.05E+08 0 0 1.19E+08 1.36E+07 8.62E+07 4 5 1.19E+08 1.37E+08 0 0.00E+00 1.01E+08 1.77E+07 3.60E+07 4 6 1.08E+08 1.37E+08 0 0 9.87E+07 9.19E+06 3.82E+07 4 7 5.61E+07 2.65E+07 0 4.74E+04 2.19E+07 3.42E+07 4.59E+06 4 8 2.72E+07 1.71E+07 0 0 1.71E+07 1.01E+07 0 4 9 2.47E+08 2.39E+08 0 0 2.39E+08 8.44E+06 0 4 10 1.42E+09 1.23E+09 7.34E+07 0 1.19E+09 1.59E+08 3.79E+07 4 11 4.37E+07 4.37E+07 0 0 4.37E+07 0 0 4 12 1.48E+07 7.35E+07 0 2.95E+07 1.48E+07 0.00E+00 2.92E+07 4 13 2.80E+08 3.41E+08 0 0 2.21E+08 5.88E+07 1.20E+08 4 14 2.41E+08 2.48E+08 0.00E+00 0 2.21E+08 2.01E+07 2.73E+07 4 15 2.72E+07 2.32E+07 0 0 2.10E+07 6.18E+06 2.17E+06 4 16 1.71E+07 9.58E+06 0 0 9.51E+06 7.59E+06 66576 4 17 3.09E+08 5.09E+08 0 0 3.09E+08 0 1.99E+08 4 18 9.62E+08 9.64E+08 0 1.74E+06 9.62E+08 0 0 4 19 1.76E+08 2.24E+08 2.11E+07 0 1.55E+08 0 6.97E+07 4 20 5.46E+08 5.46E+08 0 0 5.46E+08 0 0 4 21 4.25E+07 4.82E+07 0 0 4.25E+07 0 5.61E+06 4 22 4.57E+07 4.64E+07 0 0 4.47E+07 9.47E+05 1.64E+06 4 23 1.10E+07 1.69E+07 1613770 0 6.44E+06 2.96E+06 1.04E+07 4 24 6.19E+08 5.32E+08 6.11E+05 0 5.18E+08 1.01E+08 1.48E+07 4 25 5.74E+06 7.46E+07 0 344949 5.31E+06 421549 6.89E+07 4 26 7.38E+07 7.44E+07 0 0 7.22E+07 1.59E+06 2.11E+06 4 27 1.34E+08 1.51E+08 0 0 1.00E+08 3.36E+07 5.10E+07 4 28 3.91E+08 3.03E+08 0.00E+00 0 3.02E+08 8.88E+07 1.57E+06 4 29 6.07E+07 1.48E+08 0 5.16E+07 6.04E+07 336356 3.62E+07 4 30 4.27E+07 8.58E+07 0 2.40E+07 4.27E+07 0 1.91E+07 4 31 7.94E+07 8.88E+07 0 0 4.40E+07 3.54E+07 4.48E+07 4 32 1.01E+09 8.60E+08 44465200 0 7.47E+08 2.22E+08 1.13E+08 4 33 1.12E+08 1.10E+08 0 0 6.61E+07 4.55E+07 4.42E+07 4 34 1.18E+08 1.12E+08 0 0 7.11E+07 4.66E+07 4.05E+07 4 35 3.55E+07 5.00E+07 0 0 3.55E+07 0 1.45E+07 4 36 7.86E+07 7.07E+07 0 765788 6.98E+07 8.80E+06 154184 4 37 3.43E+07 6.33E+07 0 26280000 3.32E+07 1.16E+06 3.81E+06 4 38 8.05E+07 7.09E+07 0 0 5.81E+07 2.23E+07 1.28E+07 4 39 1.06E+08 1.07E+08 0 0 1.03E+08 3.02E+06 3.85E+06 4 40 5.59E+07 5.59E+07 0 0.00E+00 5.59E+07 0 0.00E+00 4 41 2.16E+09 2.27E+09 1.03E+08 0.00E+00 1.86E+09 1.90E+08 4.08E+08 4 42 5.80E+07 6.69E+07 0 0 5.80E+07 0 8.98E+06

297

Table A-33 (cont’d) Year Region Demand Generated DC DC Local AC AC (MWh) (MWh) Imports Exports Generation Imports Exports (MWh) (MWh) Used (MWh) (MWh) (MWh) 4 43 4.27E+08 3.59E+08 0 0 3.50E+08 7.63E+07 8.44E+06 4 44 3.10E+08 3.10E+08 0 0 3.10E+08 0 0 4 45 1.16E+08 1.12E+08 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 1.10E+08 5.90E+06 1.73E+06 4 46 2.88E+07 7.14E+07 0 0.00E+00 2.77E+07 1.05E+06 4.37E+07 4 47 1.51E+08 1.94E+08 0 3.07E+06 1.51E+08 0 4.04E+07 4 48 9.29E+07 9.29E+07 0 0 9.29E+07 0 5257.17 4 49 2.85E+07 2.87E+07 0 0 2.55E+07 3.07E+06 3.20E+06 4 50 1.10E+08 1.20E+08 -1.76E-09 0 9.88E+07 1.10E+07 2.13E+07 4 51 3.14E+07 2.76E+07 0 0 2.69E+07 4.48E+06 6.89E+05 4 52 7.42E+07 8.44E+07 0 0 7.42E+07 0 1.02E+07 4 53 1.68E+09 1.49E+09 0 0.00E+00 1.47E+09 2.15E+08 2.41E+07 4 54 2.58E+07 3.07E+07 0 0 2.56E+07 172342 5.11E+06 4 55 1.21E+08 1.14E+08 0 38207200 7.09E+07 5.02E+07 4.78E+06 4 56 1.44E+07 5.39E+07 0 34060500 4.20E+06 1.02E+07 1.56E+07 4 57 5.94E+08 5.99E+08 0 0 4.70E+08 1.24E+08 1.29E+08 4 58 4.00E+07 3.25E+07 0.00E+00 0 3.19E+07 8.08E+06 6.47E+05 4 59 8.13E+06 7.71E+06 0 0 6.11E+06 2.01E+06 1.60E+06 4 60 1.73E+06 6.56E+06 0 650708 1.73E+06 0 4.18E+06 4 61 8.82E+07 1.32E+08 0 4.94E+07 5.61E+07 3.22E+07 2.67E+07 4 62 6.01E+07 7.75E+07 0 0 4.77E+07 1.24E+07 2.99E+07 4 63 1.16E+08 1.26E+08 0 3.12E+06 1.16E+08 0 6839220 4 64 2.44E+07 1.03E+08 0 0 1.18E+07 1.27E+07 9.10E+07 4 65 1.63E+06 244891 0 0 244891 1.39E+06 0 4 66 1.04E+08 8.21E+07 0 0 5.90E+07 4.49E+07 2.31E+07 4 67 3.43E+07 3.31E+07 1.19E+06 0 3.31E+07 0 0 5 1 8.53E+07 2.42E+08 0 0 8.53E+07 0 1.56E+08 5 2 5.50E+07 3.73E+07 0 0 2.99E+07 2.50E+07 7.32E+06 5 3 6.81E+07 6.97E+07 0 0.00E+00 3.75E+07 3.06E+07 3.22E+07 5 4 1.37E+08 1.82E+08 1352800 0.00E+00 1.26E+08 9.65E+06 5.54E+07 5 5 1.23E+08 1.17E+08 7650440 0.00E+00 9.71E+07 1.82E+07 1.94E+07 5 6 1.19E+08 1.54E+08 0 0 1.13E+08 6.19E+06 4.11E+07 5 7 5.86E+07 2.01E+07 0 4.74E+04 1.95E+07 3.91E+07 6.21E+05 5 8 2.86E+07 2.09E+07 0 0 2.09E+07 7.75E+06 0 5 9 2.52E+08 2.50E+08 0 0 2.50E+08 2088640 23215.5 5 10 1.49E+09 1.26E+09 7.34E+07 0 1.25E+09 1.69E+08 1.84E+07 5 11 4.56E+07 4.56E+07 0 0 4.56E+07 0 0 5 12 1.55E+07 8.88E+07 0 4.40E+07 1.54E+07 1.42E+05 2.94E+07 5 13 2.93E+08 3.48E+08 0 0 2.93E+08 0 5.52E+07 5 14 2.49E+08 2.38E+08 0.00E+00 0 2.34E+08 1.48E+07 3.99E+06 5 15 2.93E+07 2.38E+07 1.75E+06 0 2.36E+07 3.93E+06 208128 5 16 1.84E+07 1.38E+07 0 0 1.30E+07 5.35E+06 775117 5 17 3.17E+08 4.42E+08 0 0 3.17E+08 0 1.24E+08 5 18 1.02E+09 1.05E+09 0 2.66E+07 1.02E+09 0 0 5 19 1.83E+08 1.84E+08 2.19E+07 0 1.61E+08 0 2.34E+07 5 20 5.91E+08 5.91E+08 0 0 5.91E+08 0 0 5 21 4.49E+07 4.72E+07 0 0 4.48E+07 139504 2403500 5 22 4.73E+07 4.75E+07 0 0 4.73E+07 0 225938 5 23 1.19E+07 1.67E+07 3917720 0 5.78E+06 2.17E+06 1.09E+07 5 24 6.36E+08 5.71E+08 7.74E+05 0 5.61E+08 7.43E+07 1.02E+07

298

Table A-33 (cont’d) Year Region Demand Generated DC DC Local AC AC (MWh) (MWh) Imports Exports Generation Imports Exports (MWh) (MWh) Used (MWh) (MWh) (MWh) 5 25 5.80E+06 7.93E+07 0 344949 5.37E+06 426175 7.36E+07 5 26 7.72E+07 7.82E+07 0 0 7.72E+07 0.00E+00 1.00E+06 5 27 1.40E+08 1.54E+08 0 0 1.40E+08 6.55E+05 1.49E+07 5 28 3.93E+08 3.25E+08 0.00E+00 0 3.21E+08 7.23E+07 4.33E+06 5 29 6.35E+07 1.63E+08 0 8.25E+07 6.35E+07 0 1.70E+07 5 30 4.45E+07 8.36E+07 0 2.51E+07 4.45E+07 0 1.40E+07 5 31 8.50E+07 1.14E+08 0 0 6.48E+07 2.02E+07 4.92E+07 5 32 1.04E+09 9.03E+08 44465200 0 8.19E+08 1.81E+08 8.37E+07 5 33 1.17E+08 1.20E+08 0 0 6.17E+07 5.51E+07 5.87E+07 5 34 1.19E+08 1.14E+08 0 0 3.20E+07 8.74E+07 8.19E+07 5 35 3.70E+07 4.74E+07 0 0 3.70E+07 0 1.04E+07 5 36 8.34E+07 8.43E+07 0 765788 8.34E+07 0.00E+00 154184 5 37 3.61E+07 6.29E+07 0 26280000 3.32E+07 2.95E+06 3.44E+06 5 38 8.50E+07 6.52E+07 0 0 4.96E+07 3.54E+07 1.55E+07 5 39 1.10E+08 1.10E+08 0 0 1.08E+08 1789010 1.78E+06 5 40 5.84E+07 5.84E+07 0 0.00E+00 5.84E+07 0 0 5 41 2.25E+09 2.18E+09 1.60E+08 0.00E+00 1.95E+09 1.35E+08 2.27E+08 5 42 6.20E+07 6.42E+07 0 0 6.20E+07 21790.9 2220130 5 43 4.53E+08 4.33E+08 0 0 4.22E+08 3.09E+07 1.04E+07 5 44 3.30E+08 3.30E+08 0 0 3.30E+08 0 0 5 45 1.24E+08 1.15E+08 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 1.15E+08 8.62E+06 409079 5 46 3.02E+07 6.70E+07 65303 0.00E+00 2.95E+07 5.53E+05 3.74E+07 5 47 1.57E+08 1.96E+08 0 3.07E+06 1.57E+08 0 3.62E+07 5 48 9.67E+07 9.76E+07 0 0 9.67E+07 0 9.66E+05 5 49 2.90E+07 2.87E+07 0 0 2.85E+07 474404 1.71E+05 5 50 1.22E+08 1.30E+08 9.83E+06 0 1.04E+08 7.47E+06 2.54E+07 5 51 3.25E+07 3.09E+07 0 0 3.09E+07 1619130 0 5 52 7.91E+07 8.82E+07 0 0 7.86E+07 433220 9.58E+06 5 53 1.79E+09 1.70E+09 0 0.00E+00 1.70E+09 9.69E+07 0 5 54 2.76E+07 2.91E+07 0 0 2.63E+07 1383050 2.81E+06 5 55 1.30E+08 1.33E+08 0 38207200 9.50E+07 3.50E+07 0.00E+00 5 56 1.47E+07 5.16E+07 0 34060500 1.09E+07 3726900 6.55E+06 5 57 5.98E+08 6.14E+08 0 0 5.41E+08 5.63E+07 7.24E+07 5 58 4.21E+07 3.40E+07 0 0 3.39E+07 8.12E+06 2.37E+04 5 59 8.67E+06 8.58E+06 0 0 7.57E+06 1.10E+06 1.01E+06 5 60 1.73E+06 5.19E+06 0 823878 1.73E+06 0 2.64E+06 5 61 9.56E+07 1.49E+08 0 6.53E+07 7.26E+07 2.29E+07 1.09E+07 5 62 6.24E+07 7.68E+07 0 0 4.69E+07 1.55E+07 2.99E+07 5 63 1.22E+08 1.37E+08 0 3.12E+06 1.22E+08 0 12128400 5 64 2.59E+07 9.98E+07 554867 0 1.34E+07 1.20E+07 8.64E+07 5 65 1.63E+06 114092 0 0 114092 1.52E+06 0 5 66 1.06E+08 7.11E+07 0.00E+00 0 5.00E+07 5.56E+07 2.10E+07 5 67 3.55E+07 3.41E+07 1.42E+06 0 3.41E+07 0 0 6 1 9.15E+07 2.53E+08 0 0 9.15E+07 0 1.62E+08 6 2 5.81E+07 3.49E+07 0 0 2.86E+07 2.95E+07 6237010 6 3 7.15E+07 7.07E+07 0 0.00E+00 3.72E+07 3.43E+07 3.35E+07 6 4 1.42E+08 1.70E+08 1352800 0.00E+00 1.30E+08 1.08E+07 4.05E+07 6 5 1.27E+08 1.21E+08 7650440 0.00E+00 1.08E+08 1.17E+07 1.33E+07 6 6 1.31E+08 1.77E+08 0 0 1.24E+08 6.52E+06 5.28E+07

299

Table A-33 (cont’d) Year Region Demand Generated DC DC Local AC AC (MWh) (MWh) Imports Exports Generation Imports Exports (MWh) (MWh) Used (MWh) (MWh) (MWh) 6 7 6.10E+07 2.42E+07 0 4.74E+04 1.80E+07 4.30E+07 6.13E+06 6 8 3.00E+07 2.23E+07 0 0 2.23E+07 7.75E+06 0 6 9 2.57E+08 2.58E+08 0 0 2.57E+08 6858.23 452298 6 10 1.55E+09 1.31E+09 7.34E+07 0 1.30E+09 1.80E+08 1.32E+07 6 11 4.76E+07 4.76E+07 0 0 4.76E+07 0 0 6 12 1.63E+07 1.07E+08 0 5.33E+07 1.51E+07 1.17E+06 3.81E+07 6 13 3.06E+08 3.65E+08 0 0 3.06E+08 0 5.98E+07 6 14 2.56E+08 2.46E+08 0.00E+00 0 2.42E+08 1.42E+07 3.60E+06 6 15 3.14E+07 2.57E+07 1881460 0 2.53E+07 4.21E+06 326611 6 16 1.96E+07 1.70E+07 0 0 1.53E+07 4.29E+06 1.65E+06 6 17 3.26E+08 5.71E+08 0 0 3.26E+08 0 2.45E+08 6 18 1.08E+09 1.16E+09 0 8.28E+07 1.08E+09 0 0 6 19 1.89E+08 1.89E+08 2.27E+07 0 1.67E+08 0 2.18E+07 6 20 6.36E+08 6.36E+08 0 0 6.36E+08 0 0 6 21 4.73E+07 4.84E+07 0 0 4.72E+07 179108 1224960 6 22 4.89E+07 4.95E+07 0 0 4.89E+07 0 555417 6 23 1.27E+07 1.71E+07 3917720 0 6.16E+06 2.65E+06 1.09E+07 6 24 6.53E+08 5.76E+08 7.74E+05 0 5.71E+08 8.14E+07 5.62E+06 6 25 5.86E+06 8.21E+07 0 344949 5.42E+06 439404 7.63E+07 6 26 8.06E+07 8.05E+07 0 0 8.01E+07 443929 334787 6 27 1.46E+08 1.60E+08 0 0 1.46E+08 903936 1.47E+07 6 28 3.96E+08 3.25E+08 0.00E+00 0 3.20E+08 7.65E+07 5.78E+06 6 29 6.62E+07 1.80E+08 0 8.79E+07 6.62E+07 0 2.56E+07 6 30 4.62E+07 8.31E+07 0 2.60E+07 4.62E+07 0 1.09E+07 6 31 9.05E+07 1.24E+08 0 0 7.43E+07 1.62E+07 4.94E+07 6 32 1.08E+09 9.69E+08 44465200 0 8.77E+08 1.54E+08 9.16E+07 6 33 1.22E+08 1.20E+08 0 0 6.31E+07 5.88E+07 5.72E+07 6 34 1.21E+08 1.09E+08 0 0 2.57E+07 9.56E+07 8.34E+07 6 35 3.85E+07 4.75E+07 0 0 3.85E+07 0 9.00E+06 6 36 8.82E+07 9.12E+07 0 765788 8.82E+07 0.00E+00 2283250 6 37 3.79E+07 6.45E+07 0 26280000 3.50E+07 2.98E+06 3.29E+06 6 38 8.95E+07 6.55E+07 0 0 4.56E+07 4.38E+07 1.99E+07 6 39 1.15E+08 1.13E+08 0 0 1.11E+08 3.47E+06 1784580 6 40 6.08E+07 6.16E+07 0 0.00E+00 6.08E+07 0 8.51E+05 6 41 2.34E+09 2.20E+09 1.89E+08 0.00E+00 2.02E+09 1.24E+08 1.78E+08 6 42 6.61E+07 6.49E+07 0 0 6.49E+07 1.17E+06 2247.62 6 43 4.79E+08 4.74E+08 0 0 4.61E+08 1.83E+07 1.24E+07 6 44 3.50E+08 3.45E+08 0 0 3.45E+08 5.78E+06 0 6 45 1.31E+08 1.15E+08 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 1.15E+08 1.64E+07 460709 6 46 3.16E+07 6.81E+07 65303 0.00E+00 3.09E+07 6.37E+05 3.73E+07 6 47 1.63E+08 1.96E+08 0 3.07E+06 1.63E+08 0 2.95E+07 6 48 1.00E+08 1.03E+08 0 0 1.00E+08 0 2.18E+06 6 49 2.94E+07 2.91E+07 0 0 2.88E+07 641531 3.62E+05 6 50 1.34E+08 1.43E+08 1.10E+07 0 1.15E+08 8.15E+06 2.84E+07 6 51 3.36E+07 3.17E+07 0 0 3.17E+07 1890070 0 6 52 8.39E+07 9.44E+07 0 0 8.39E+07 0 1.05E+07 6 53 1.90E+09 1.67E+09 51242700 0.00E+00 1.67E+09 1.86E+08 0 6 54 2.95E+07 2.85E+07 0 0 2.70E+07 2.48E+06 1.46E+06 6 55 1.39E+08 1.50E+08 0 38207200 1.10E+08 2.90E+07 2.34E+06

300

Table A-33 (cont’d) Year Region Demand Generated DC DC Local AC AC (MWh) (MWh) Imports Exports Generation Imports Exports (MWh) (MWh) Used (MWh) (MWh) (MWh) 6 56 1.49E+07 5.18E+07 0 34060500 1.16E+07 3371860 6.19E+06 6 57 6.02E+08 6.24E+08 0 0 5.69E+08 3.30E+07 5.48E+07 6 58 4.42E+07 3.40E+07 0.00E+00 0 3.40E+07 1.02E+07 2.37E+04 6 59 9.21E+06 8.77E+06 0 0 7.58E+06 1.63E+06 1.19E+06 6 60 1.73E+06 6.06E+06 0 823878 1.73E+06 0 3.51E+06 6 61 1.03E+08 1.67E+08 0 8.12E+07 7.17E+07 3.12E+07 1.36E+07 6 62 6.48E+07 7.51E+07 0 0 4.67E+07 1.81E+07 2.84E+07 6 63 1.28E+08 1.53E+08 0 3.12E+06 1.28E+08 0 21400400 6 64 2.74E+07 1.05E+08 554867 0 1.65E+07 1.04E+07 8.88E+07 6 65 1.63E+06 114092 0 0 114092 1.52E+06 0 6 66 1.07E+08 7.60E+07 0.00E+00 0 5.15E+07 5.59E+07 2.45E+07 6 67 3.67E+07 3.52E+07 1.42E+06 0 3.52E+07 0 0 7 1 9.78E+07 2.73E+08 0 0 9.59E+07 1834850 1.77E+08 7 2 6.13E+07 3.65E+07 0 0 3.03E+07 3.09E+07 6138070 7 3 7.49E+07 6.68E+07 0 0.00E+00 3.89E+07 3.60E+07 2.79E+07 7 4 1.47E+08 1.87E+08 1352800 0.00E+00 1.27E+08 1.83E+07 5.96E+07 7 5 1.32E+08 1.17E+08 7650440 0.00E+00 1.14E+08 1.04E+07 3.21E+06 7 6 1.42E+08 2.02E+08 0 0 1.36E+08 6.32E+06 6.67E+07 7 7 6.35E+07 1.88E+07 0 4.74E+04 1.25E+07 5.10E+07 6.19E+06 7 8 3.14E+07 2.33E+07 0 0 2.33E+07 8.06E+06 0 7 9 2.62E+08 2.63E+08 0 0 2.62E+08 4748.54 1.05E+06 7 10 1.62E+09 1.36E+09 7.34E+07 0 1.35E+09 2.02E+08 1.57E+07 7 11 4.96E+07 4.96E+07 0 0 4.96E+07 0 0 7 12 1.70E+07 1.26E+08 0 6.02E+07 1.70E+07 2.33E+03 4.84E+07 7 13 3.19E+08 3.77E+08 0 0 3.19E+08 0 5.89E+07 7 14 2.64E+08 2.51E+08 0.00E+00 0 2.49E+08 1.42E+07 1.63E+06 7 15 3.36E+07 2.71E+07 3.30E+06 0 2.70E+07 3.20E+06 42343.6 7 16 2.09E+07 1.87E+07 0 0 1.67E+07 4.22E+06 2083220 7 17 3.34E+08 5.96E+08 0 0 3.34E+08 0 2.62E+08 7 18 1.14E+09 1.28E+09 0.00E+00 1.46E+08 1.14E+09 0 0 7 19 1.96E+08 2.27E+08 2.27E+07 0 1.73E+08 824327 5.40E+07 7 20 6.81E+08 6.81E+08 0 0 6.81E+08 0 0 7 21 4.97E+07 4.90E+07 0 0 4.82E+07 1.50E+06 755887 7 22 5.06E+07 5.15E+07 0 0 5.06E+07 0 954691 7 23 1.36E+07 1.68E+07 4481440 0 5.85E+06 3.25E+06 1.09E+07 7 24 6.70E+08 5.94E+08 7.74E+05 0.00E+00 5.93E+08 7.62E+07 1.05E+06 7 25 5.92E+06 8.50E+07 0 344949 5.48E+06 438470 7.91E+07 7 26 8.39E+07 8.27E+07 0 0 7.70E+07 6.93E+06 5.71E+06 7 27 1.53E+08 1.61E+08 0 0 1.53E+08 0.00E+00 8.48E+06 7 28 3.99E+08 3.40E+08 0.00E+00 0 3.31E+08 6.83E+07 9.67E+06 7 29 6.89E+07 1.98E+08 0 8.99E+07 6.89E+07 0 3.90E+07 7 30 4.79E+07 8.29E+07 0 2.61E+07 4.79E+07 0 8.82E+06 7 31 9.61E+07 1.28E+08 0 0 7.58E+07 2.03E+07 5.17E+07 7 32 1.11E+09 1.04E+09 44465200 0 9.52E+08 1.10E+08 8.58E+07 7 33 1.27E+08 1.19E+08 0 0 6.16E+07 6.54E+07 5.73E+07 7 34 1.23E+08 1.09E+08 0 0 1.82E+07 1.05E+08 9.06E+07 7 35 4.00E+07 4.86E+07 0 0 4.00E+07 0 8.59E+06 7 36 9.30E+07 9.90E+07 0 765788 9.30E+07 0 5267100 7 37 3.98E+07 6.51E+07 0 26280000 3.55E+07 4.27E+06 3.29E+06

301

Table A-33 (cont’d) Year Region Demand Generated DC DC Local AC AC (MWh) (MWh) Imports Exports Generation Imports Exports (MWh) (MWh) Used (MWh) (MWh) (MWh) 7 38 9.40E+07 6.33E+07 0 0 4.24E+07 5.16E+07 2.09E+07 7 39 1.19E+08 1.18E+08 0 0 1.16E+08 3.33E+06 1.71E+06 7 40 6.32E+07 6.36E+07 0 0.00E+00 6.32E+07 0 399154 7 41 2.43E+09 2.18E+09 2.12E+08 0.00E+00 2.05E+09 1.60E+08 1.30E+08 7 42 7.02E+07 6.88E+07 0 0 6.88E+07 1333450 0 7 43 5.06E+08 4.98E+08 0 0 4.83E+08 2.32E+07 1.48E+07 7 44 3.70E+08 3.63E+08 0 0 3.63E+08 7.90E+06 0 7 45 1.39E+08 1.29E+08 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 1.29E+08 1.02E+07 5.30E+05 7 46 3.30E+07 6.63E+07 65303 0.00E+00 3.22E+07 7.22E+05 3.41E+07 7 47 1.69E+08 1.92E+08 0 3.07E+06 1.69E+08 0 19955700 7 48 1.04E+08 1.07E+08 0 0 1.04E+08 0 2.90E+06 7 49 2.99E+07 3.23E+07 0 0 2.95E+07 332147 2.77E+06 7 50 1.46E+08 1.51E+08 1.62E+07 0 1.22E+08 7.47E+06 2.84E+07 7 51 3.46E+07 3.25E+07 0 0 3.25E+07 2161010 0 7 52 8.88E+07 1.01E+08 0 0 8.85E+07 239033 1.28E+07 7 53 2.01E+09 1.72E+09 102740000 0.00E+00 1.72E+09 1.96E+08 0 7 54 3.13E+07 2.92E+07 0 0 2.81E+07 3.27E+06 1180440 7 55 1.48E+08 1.74E+08 0.00E+00 3.82E+07 1.29E+08 1.88E+07 6.62E+06 7 56 1.52E+07 5.15E+07 0 34060500 1.48E+07 371765 2645420 7 57 6.06E+08 6.22E+08 0 0 5.80E+08 2.57E+07 4.15E+07 7 58 4.63E+07 3.41E+07 0.00E+00 0 3.41E+07 1.22E+07 2.37E+04 7 59 9.76E+06 8.43E+06 0 0 6.31E+06 3.45E+06 2.12E+06 7 60 1.73E+06 6.03E+06 0 823878 1.73E+06 0 3.47E+06 7 61 1.10E+08 1.86E+08 0 9.72E+07 7.71E+07 3.31E+07 1.21E+07 7 62 6.72E+07 7.68E+07 0 0 5.03E+07 1.69E+07 2.66E+07 7 63 1.35E+08 1.53E+08 0 3.12E+06 1.35E+08 0.00E+00 1.47E+07 7 64 2.89E+07 1.20E+08 554867 0 1.86E+07 9.75E+06 1.01E+08 7 65 1.63E+06 114092 0 0 114092 1.52E+06 0 7 66 1.09E+08 8.21E+07 0.00E+00 0 5.58E+07 5.34E+07 2.63E+07 7 67 3.78E+07 3.63E+07 1.54E+06 0 3.63E+07 0 0 8 1 1.04E+08 2.77E+08 0 0 1.01E+08 3464780 1.76E+08 8 2 6.44E+07 3.70E+07 0 0 3.26E+07 3.18E+07 4405930 8 3 7.83E+07 7.45E+07 0 0.00E+00 6.08E+07 1.74E+07 1.36E+07 8 4 1.51E+08 1.87E+08 1014600 3.63E+05 1.22E+08 2.84E+07 6.49E+07 8 5 1.36E+08 1.31E+08 5737830 2.03E+06 1.19E+08 1.12E+07 1.02E+07 8 6 1.53E+08 2.27E+08 1.11E+06 394527 1.47E+08 4.93E+06 7.94E+07 8 7 6.60E+07 2.36E+07 0 4.74E+04 1.53E+07 5.07E+07 8.19E+06 8 8 3.28E+07 2.65E+07 0 0 2.65E+07 6.27E+06 0 8 9 2.67E+08 2.69E+08 0 0 2.67E+08 3.07E+05 1988540 8 10 1.69E+09 1.40E+09 8.83E+07 0 1.39E+09 2.09E+08 9.87E+06 8 11 5.15E+07 5.15E+07 0 0.00E+00 5.15E+07 0 0 8 12 1.77E+07 1.44E+08 0 6.98E+07 1.75E+07 1.95E+05 5.63E+07 8 13 3.31E+08 3.91E+08 0 -1.96E-08 3.31E+08 0 5.93E+07 8 14 2.71E+08 2.56E+08 0.00E+00 0 2.54E+08 1.72E+07 2.52E+06 8 15 3.57E+07 3.26E+07 4.67E+06 830176 2.88E+07 2.25E+06 2960340 8 16 2.21E+07 2.05E+07 0 0 1.87E+07 3.40E+06 1784030 8 17 3.42E+08 6.38E+08 0 0 3.42E+08 0 2.96E+08 8 18 1.20E+09 1.38E+09 6.83E+06 1.94E+08 1.19E+09 0 0 8 19 2.03E+08 2.14E+08 2.27E+07 0 1.79E+08 1648650 3.51E+07

302

Table A-33 (cont’d) Year Region Demand Generated DC DC Local AC AC (MWh) (MWh) Imports Exports Generation Imports Exports (MWh) (MWh) Used (MWh) (MWh) (MWh) 8 20 7.26E+08 7.23E+08 0 0 7.23E+08 2707030 0 8 21 5.21E+07 5.11E+07 0 0 5.03E+07 1.79E+06 755887 8 22 5.22E+07 5.43E+07 0 0 5.22E+07 0 2085890 8 23 1.44E+07 1.65E+07 4756690 0 5.59E+06 4.09E+06 1.09E+07 8 24 6.87E+08 6.05E+08 7.74E+05 0.00E+00 6.05E+08 8.10E+07 0.00E+00 8 25 5.98E+06 8.73E+07 0 344949 5.54E+06 443096 8.15E+07 8 26 8.73E+07 8.51E+07 0 0 7.83E+07 9.02E+06 6.84E+06 8 27 1.59E+08 1.66E+08 0 0 1.59E+08 0 6.91E+06 8 28 4.02E+08 3.63E+08 0.00E+00 0 3.54E+08 4.81E+07 9.67E+06 8 29 7.17E+07 2.17E+08 0 8.99E+07 7.17E+07 0 5.56E+07 8 30 4.97E+07 8.33E+07 0 2.63E+07 4.97E+07 0 7.39E+06 8 31 1.02E+08 1.31E+08 0 0 7.89E+07 2.28E+07 5.26E+07 8 32 1.14E+09 1.11E+09 44465200 0 1.02E+09 7.70E+07 9.12E+07 8 33 1.32E+08 1.20E+08 0 0 6.27E+07 6.95E+07 5.77E+07 8 34 1.25E+08 1.07E+08 0 0 3.66E+07 8.82E+07 7.07E+07 8 35 4.15E+07 4.70E+07 0 0 4.15E+07 0 5.49E+06 8 36 9.78E+07 1.01E+08 0 765788 9.78E+07 0 1927530 8 37 4.16E+07 6.41E+07 0 26280000 3.70E+07 4.58E+06 8.51E+05 8 38 9.85E+07 6.55E+07 0 0 4.51E+07 5.33E+07 2.04E+07 8 39 1.24E+08 1.20E+08 0 0 1.20E+08 4.53E+06 892290 8 40 6.57E+07 6.57E+07 0 0.00E+00 6.57E+07 0 0 8 41 2.52E+09 2.24E+09 2.21E+08 0.00E+00 2.14E+09 1.52E+08 9.19E+07 8 42 7.42E+07 7.27E+07 0 0 7.24E+07 1866510 3.23E+05 8 43 5.32E+08 5.24E+08 0 0 5.04E+08 2.82E+07 1.97E+07 8 44 3.91E+08 3.91E+08 0 0 3.91E+08 0 0 8 45 1.47E+08 1.26E+08 1.10E+07 0.00E+00 1.26E+08 1.00E+07 0.00E+00 8 46 3.44E+07 7.13E+07 1.19E+06 6.18E+05 3.32E+07 0 3.75E+07 8 47 1.75E+08 2.03E+08 0 3.07E+06 1.75E+08 0 24676900 8 48 1.08E+08 1.11E+08 0 0 1.08E+08 0 3.33E+06 8 49 3.03E+07 3.24E+07 0 0 2.98E+07 491316 2.62E+06 8 50 1.58E+08 1.46E+08 2.32E+07 0 1.19E+08 1.61E+07 2.74E+07 8 51 3.57E+07 3.33E+07 0 0 3.33E+07 2431940 0 8 52 9.36E+07 1.05E+08 0 0 9.19E+07 1706640 1.28E+07 8 53 2.12E+09 1.77E+09 124634000 0.00E+00 1.77E+09 2.33E+08 1727930 8 54 3.32E+07 2.86E+07 0 0 2.85E+07 4.67E+06 85583.8 8 55 1.57E+08 1.93E+08 4.02E+06 5.71E+07 1.30E+08 2.25E+07 5.65E+06 8 56 1.55E+07 5.31E+07 0 34060500 1.50E+07 442263 4.01E+06 8 57 6.10E+08 6.31E+08 0 0 5.80E+08 2.98E+07 5.11E+07 8 58 4.84E+07 3.49E+07 0.00E+00 0 3.49E+07 1.35E+07 2.37E+04 8 59 1.03E+07 8.74E+06 0 0 6.61E+06 3.69E+06 2.14E+06 8 60 1.73E+06 5.25E+06 0 823878 1.73E+06 0 2.70E+06 8 61 1.18E+08 1.91E+08 0 9.72E+07 8.21E+07 3.55E+07 1.21E+07 8 62 6.95E+07 7.90E+07 0 0 5.25E+07 1.70E+07 2.64E+07 8 63 1.41E+08 1.56E+08 0 3.12E+06 1.41E+08 0.00E+00 1.18E+07 8 64 3.04E+07 1.34E+08 554867 0 2.72E+07 2.71E+06 1.07E+08 8 65 1.63E+06 535730 0 0 535730 1.10E+06 0 8 66 1.11E+08 7.07E+07 0.00E+00 0 5.82E+07 5.27E+07 1.25E+07 8 67 3.90E+07 3.73E+07 1.66E+06 0 3.73E+07 0 0 9 1 1.10E+08 2.77E+08 0 0 1.08E+08 2309910 1.69E+08

303

Table A-33 (cont’d) Year Region Demand Generated DC DC Local AC AC (MWh) (MWh) Imports Exports Generation Imports Exports (MWh) (MWh) Used (MWh) (MWh) (MWh) 9 2 6.75E+07 3.79E+07 0 0 3.41E+07 3.35E+07 3850990 9 3 8.17E+07 7.59E+07 0 0.00E+00 6.88E+07 1.28E+07 7.10E+06 9 4 1.56E+08 1.97E+08 1352800 0.00E+00 1.24E+08 3.07E+07 7.34E+07 9 5 1.40E+08 1.37E+08 5737830 2.03E+06 1.23E+08 1.16E+07 1.17E+07 9 6 1.65E+08 2.31E+08 1113650 0 1.56E+08 7.82E+06 7.57E+07 9 7 6.85E+07 2.35E+07 0 4.74E+04 2.02E+07 4.83E+07 3.27E+06 9 8 3.42E+07 3.07E+07 0 0 3.07E+07 3.53E+06 0 9 9 2.72E+08 2.72E+08 0 0 2.71E+08 9.21E+05 917871 9 10 1.75E+09 1.44E+09 1.01E+08 0 1.44E+09 2.18E+08 7.53E+06 9 11 5.35E+07 5.54E+07 0 1.85E+06 5.35E+07 0 0 9 12 1.84E+07 1.61E+08 0 8.33E+07 1.83E+07 1.48E+05 5.96E+07 9 13 3.44E+08 4.01E+08 0 1.02445E- 3.44E+08 0 5.62E+07 08 9 14 2.79E+08 2.57E+08 0.00E+00 0 2.55E+08 2.31E+07 1.86E+06 9 15 3.78E+07 3.73E+07 4.76E+06 1775780 3.05E+07 2.57E+06 5.01E+06 9 16 2.34E+07 2.05E+07 0 0 1.99E+07 3.51E+06 5.99E+05 9 17 3.50E+08 5.44E+08 0 0 3.50E+08 0 1.93E+08 9 18 1.25E+09 1.46E+09 1.65E+07 2.26E+08 1.24E+09 0 0 9 19 2.10E+08 1.92E+08 2.27E+07 0 1.85E+08 2472980 7.53E+06 9 20 7.71E+08 7.71E+08 0 0 7.71E+08 0 0 9 21 5.45E+07 5.52E+07 0 0 5.44E+07 134465 755887 9 22 5.38E+07 5.71E+07 0 0.00E+00 5.38E+07 0 3.29E+06 9 23 1.53E+07 1.69E+07 4756690 0 6.03E+06 4.51E+06 1.09E+07 9 24 7.03E+08 6.19E+08 7.74E+05 0.00E+00 6.19E+08 8.32E+07 0 9 25 6.04E+06 8.65E+07 0 344949 5.60E+06 444679 8.06E+07 9 26 9.07E+07 9.01E+07 0 0 7.35E+07 1.71E+07 1.65E+07 9 27 1.65E+08 1.68E+08 0 0 1.63E+08 2.42E+06 5.34E+06 9 28 4.04E+08 3.81E+08 0.00E+00 0 3.72E+08 3.28E+07 9.67E+06 9 29 7.44E+07 2.29E+08 0 8.99E+07 7.44E+07 0 6.52E+07 9 30 5.14E+07 8.26E+07 0 2.64E+07 5.14E+07 0 4.84E+06 9 31 1.07E+08 1.34E+08 0 0 8.14E+07 2.59E+07 5.26E+07 9 32 1.17E+09 1.11E+09 44465200 0 1.02E+09 1.04E+08 9.36E+07 9 33 1.37E+08 1.24E+08 0 0 7.70E+07 6.04E+07 4.74E+07 9 34 1.27E+08 9.97E+07 0 0 2.93E+07 9.74E+07 7.05E+07 9 35 4.30E+07 4.86E+07 0 0 4.30E+07 0 5.64E+06 9 36 1.03E+08 1.06E+08 0 765788 1.03E+08 0 2.53E+06 9 37 4.34E+07 6.46E+07 0 26280000 3.83E+07 5.04E+06 0.00E+00 9 38 1.03E+08 6.96E+07 0 0 4.79E+07 5.50E+07 2.17E+07 9 39 1.29E+08 1.23E+08 0 0 1.21E+08 8.04E+06 2.14E+06 9 40 6.81E+07 6.93E+07 0 0.00E+00 6.77E+07 3.68E+05 1.58E+06 9 41 2.61E+09 2.37E+09 2.34E+08 0.00E+00 2.24E+09 1.31E+08 1.24E+08 9 42 7.83E+07 7.81E+07 0 0 7.79E+07 450962 2.05E+05 9 43 5.59E+08 5.45E+08 0 0 5.26E+08 3.31E+07 1.97E+07 9 44 4.11E+08 4.09E+08 0 0 4.09E+08 1258910 0 9 45 1.54E+08 1.30E+08 1.56E+07 0.00E+00 1.30E+08 9.12E+06 0.00E+00 9 46 3.58E+07 6.75E+07 4.55E+06 2.24E+06 3.12E+07 63433 3.41E+07 9 47 1.82E+08 2.01E+08 0 3.07E+06 1.82E+08 0 1.65E+07 9 48 1.12E+08 1.15E+08 0 0 1.12E+08 0 3.26E+06 9 49 3.07E+07 3.25E+07 0 0 3.00E+07 687934 2.48E+06

304

Table A-33 (cont’d) Year Region Demand Generated DC DC Local AC AC (MWh) (MWh) Imports Exports Generation Imports Exports (MWh) (MWh) Used (MWh) (MWh) (MWh) 9 50 1.70E+08 1.61E+08 2.45E+07 0 1.33E+08 1.21E+07 2.74E+07 9 51 3.68E+07 3.41E+07 0 0 3.41E+07 2.70E+06 0.00E+00 9 52 9.85E+07 1.11E+08 0 0 9.85E+07 0 1.28E+07 9 53 2.23E+09 1.92E+09 1.25E+08 0.00E+00 1.92E+09 1.86E+08 0 9 54 3.50E+07 2.92E+07 0 0 2.92E+07 5.78E+06 0 9 55 1.65E+08 2.10E+08 2.62E+07 7.69E+07 1.24E+08 1.56E+07 9.56E+06 9 56 1.57E+07 5.36E+07 0 34060500 1.57E+07 0 3.80E+06 9 57 6.14E+08 6.98E+08 0 0 5.86E+08 2.81E+07 1.12E+08 9 58 5.05E+07 3.84E+07 0.00E+00 0 3.84E+07 1.21E+07 2.37E+04 9 59 1.08E+07 9.26E+06 0 0 6.90E+06 3.94E+06 2.35E+06 9 60 1.73E+06 6.03E+06 0 823878 1.73E+06 0 3.47E+06 9 61 1.25E+08 1.89E+08 0 9.72E+07 8.59E+07 3.90E+07 5.85E+06 9 62 7.19E+07 7.74E+07 0 0 5.13E+07 2.06E+07 2.61E+07 9 63 1.47E+08 1.65E+08 0 3.12E+06 1.47E+08 0.00E+00 1.42E+07 9 64 3.19E+07 1.48E+08 416150 0 2.97E+07 1.79E+06 1.19E+08 9 65 1.63E+06 5.36E+05 0 0 535730 1.10E+06 0 9 66 1.13E+08 7.55E+07 0.00E+00 0 5.94E+07 5.33E+07 1.61E+07 9 67 4.01E+07 3.84E+07 1.78E+06 0 3.84E+07 0 0 10 1 1.16E+08 2.86E+08 0 0 1.16E+08 0 1.70E+08 10 2 7.07E+07 3.74E+07 0 0 3.38E+07 3.69E+07 3634960 10 3 8.51E+07 7.81E+07 0 0.00E+00 7.14E+07 1.36E+07 6.64E+06 10 4 1.61E+08 1.89E+08 1352800 0.00E+00 1.29E+08 3.07E+07 5.98E+07 10 5 1.45E+08 1.39E+08 5737830 2.03E+06 1.34E+08 5.17E+06 3.68E+06 10 6 1.76E+08 2.37E+08 1113650 394527 1.63E+08 1.21E+07 7.42E+07 10 7 7.10E+07 3.27E+07 0 4.74E+04 2.93E+07 4.17E+07 3.34E+06 10 8 3.56E+07 3.37E+07 0 0 3.37E+07 1.94E+06 0 10 9 2.77E+08 2.75E+08 0 0 2.72E+08 5.33E+06 3.86E+06 10 10 1.82E+09 1.49E+09 1.11E+08 0 1.48E+09 2.30E+08 8.49E+06 10 11 5.55E+07 5.96E+07 0 5.33E+06 5.43E+07 1167800 0 10 12 1.92E+07 1.62E+08 0 8.61E+07 1.92E+07 0.00E+00 5.69E+07 10 13 3.57E+08 4.13E+08 0 0 3.57E+08 282041 5.63E+07 10 14 2.86E+08 2.77E+08 0.00E+00 0 2.69E+08 1.68E+07 7.47E+06 10 15 3.99E+07 4.85E+07 7.95E+06 4578620 3.01E+07 1.84E+06 1.38E+07 10 16 2.46E+07 2.39E+07 0 0 2.10E+07 3.63E+06 2.88E+06 10 17 3.58E+08 6.23E+08 0 0 3.58E+08 0 2.65E+08 10 18 1.31E+09 1.54E+09 2.50E+07 2.50E+08 1.29E+09 0 0 10 19 2.17E+08 2.43E+08 2.27E+07 0 1.91E+08 3297310 5.17E+07 10 20 8.16E+08 8.09E+08 0 0 8.09E+08 7217700 0 10 21 5.69E+07 5.69E+07 0 0 5.61E+07 835124 755887 10 22 5.54E+07 6.47E+07 0 0.00E+00 5.54E+07 0 9.29E+06 10 23 1.61E+07 1.71E+07 4756690 0 6.20E+06 5.18E+06 1.09E+07 10 24 7.20E+08 6.45E+08 7.74E+05 0.00E+00 6.45E+08 7.42E+07 0 10 25 6.11E+06 8.26E+07 0 344949 5.66E+06 449304 7.66E+07 10 26 9.40E+07 9.14E+07 0 0 7.28E+07 2.12E+07 1.86E+07 10 27 1.72E+08 1.61E+08 0 0 1.59E+08 1.24E+07 2.04E+06 10 28 4.07E+08 3.98E+08 0.00E+00 0 3.83E+08 2.41E+07 1.54E+07 10 29 7.71E+07 2.33E+08 0 1.03E+08 7.71E+07 0 5.32E+07 10 30 5.31E+07 8.21E+07 0 2.65E+07 5.31E+07 0 2.44E+06 10 31 1.13E+08 1.36E+08 0 0 8.24E+07 3.04E+07 5.40E+07

305

Table A-33 (cont’d) Year Region Demand Generated DC DC Local AC AC (MWh) (MWh) Imports Exports Generation Imports Exports (MWh) (MWh) Used (MWh) (MWh) (MWh) 10 32 1.20E+09 1.17E+09 44465200 0 1.09E+09 6.39E+07 8.35E+07 10 33 1.43E+08 1.26E+08 0 0 7.87E+07 6.38E+07 4.74E+07 10 34 1.29E+08 1.05E+08 0 0 3.72E+07 9.13E+07 6.78E+07 10 35 4.45E+07 4.85E+07 0 0 4.45E+07 0 4.01E+06 10 36 1.07E+08 1.15E+08 0 765788 1.07E+08 0 6.93E+06 10 37 4.52E+07 6.88E+07 0 26280000 4.25E+07 2.68E+06 0.00E+00 10 38 1.07E+08 6.73E+07 0 0 5.15E+07 5.60E+07 1.59E+07 10 39 1.33E+08 1.34E+08 0 0 1.30E+08 3.42E+06 3.85E+06 10 40 7.05E+07 7.16E+07 0 0.00E+00 6.93E+07 1.26E+06 2.33E+06 10 41 2.70E+09 2.35E+09 2.49E+08 0.00E+00 2.27E+09 1.75E+08 7.63E+07 10 42 8.24E+07 8.38E+07 0 0 8.18E+07 526881 1.98E+06 10 43 5.85E+08 5.81E+08 0 0 5.47E+08 3.80E+07 3.36E+07 10 44 4.31E+08 4.31E+08 0 0 4.31E+08 0 0 10 45 1.62E+08 1.35E+08 1.49E+07 0.00E+00 1.34E+08 1.33E+07 8.18E+05 10 46 3.72E+07 7.01E+07 9.32E+06 5.31E+06 2.78E+07 6.34E+04 3.70E+07 10 47 1.88E+08 2.08E+08 0 3.07E+06 1.88E+08 0 1.74E+07 10 48 1.16E+08 1.19E+08 0 0 1.16E+08 0 3842670 10 49 3.12E+07 3.35E+07 0 0 2.99E+07 1310040 3.64E+06 10 50 1.82E+08 1.70E+08 2.45E+07 0 1.41E+08 1.61E+07 2.84E+07 10 51 3.79E+07 3.49E+07 0 0 3.38E+07 4.12E+06 1.15E+06 10 52 1.03E+08 1.24E+08 0 0 1.03E+08 0 2.09E+07 10 53 2.34E+09 1.96E+09 1.25E+08 0.00E+00 1.96E+09 2.62E+08 0 10 54 3.69E+07 2.98E+07 4.01E+05 139742 2.97E+07 6.78E+06 0 10 55 1.74E+08 2.13E+08 4.08E+07 8.64E+07 1.17E+08 1.65E+07 9.56E+06 10 56 1.60E+07 5.23E+07 0 34060500 1.60E+07 0 2.28E+06 10 57 6.18E+08 7.35E+08 0 0 5.96E+08 2.20E+07 1.39E+08 10 58 5.26E+07 3.59E+07 0.00E+00 0 3.30E+07 1.96E+07 2.92E+06 10 59 1.14E+07 1.02E+07 0 0 8.64E+06 2.75E+06 1.60E+06 10 60 1.73E+06 6.06E+06 0 823878 1.73E+06 0 3.51E+06 10 61 1.32E+08 1.96E+08 0 9.72E+07 8.79E+07 4.44E+07 1.11E+07 10 62 7.43E+07 8.62E+07 0 0 5.89E+07 1.54E+07 2.73E+07 10 63 1.54E+08 1.75E+08 0 3.12E+06 1.54E+08 0.00E+00 1.80E+07 10 64 3.34E+07 1.63E+08 554867 0 3.13E+07 1.57E+06 1.32E+08 10 65 1.63E+06 5.36E+05 0 0 535730 1.10E+06 0.00E+00 10 66 1.14E+08 7.38E+07 0.00E+00 0 6.08E+07 5.36E+07 1.30E+07 10 67 4.13E+07 3.94E+07 1.89E+06 0 3.94E+07 0 0 11 1 1.23E+08 2.83E+08 0 0 1.23E+08 0 1.60E+08 11 2 7.38E+07 3.55E+07 0 0 3.45E+07 3.93E+07 1022510 11 3 8.85E+07 8.20E+07 0 0.00E+00 7.53E+07 1.31E+07 6.64E+06 11 4 1.65E+08 2.00E+08 1014600 3.63E+05 1.31E+08 3.31E+07 6.79E+07 11 5 1.49E+08 1.40E+08 5737830 2.03E+06 1.38E+08 5.55E+06 6.76E+05 11 6 1.87E+08 2.45E+08 1113650 394527 1.73E+08 1.29E+07 7.15E+07 11 7 7.35E+07 3.27E+07 0 4.74E+04 3.04E+07 4.31E+07 2.24E+06 11 8 3.70E+07 3.59E+07 0 0 3.59E+07 1.09E+06 0 11 9 2.82E+08 3.12E+08 0 2.70E+07 2.78E+08 4.11E+06 6.79E+06 11 10 1.89E+09 1.53E+09 1.36E+08 0 1.52E+09 2.28E+08 5.45E+06 11 11 5.75E+07 6.28E+07 0 5327730 5.75E+07 0 0.00E+00 11 12 1.99E+07 1.62E+08 0 8.61E+07 1.99E+07 0.00E+00 5.61E+07 11 13 3.70E+08 4.31E+08 0 0 3.64E+08 6.25E+06 6.70E+07

306

Table A-33 (cont’d) Year Region Demand Generated DC DC Local AC AC (MWh) (MWh) Imports Exports Generation Imports Exports (MWh) (MWh) Used (MWh) (MWh) (MWh) 11 14 2.94E+08 2.80E+08 0.00E+00 0 2.75E+08 1.85E+07 4.70E+06 11 15 4.21E+07 5.82E+07 7.31E+06 8601940 3.03E+07 4.50E+06 1.94E+07 11 16 2.59E+07 2.21E+07 0 0 2.21E+07 3.79E+06 0.00E+00 11 17 3.67E+08 6.47E+08 0 0 3.67E+08 0.00E+00 2.80E+08 11 18 1.37E+09 1.61E+09 3.07E+07 2.66E+08 1.34E+09 0 0 11 19 2.24E+08 3.52E+08 2.27E+07 0 1.97E+08 4121630 1.55E+08 11 20 8.61E+08 8.61E+08 0 0 8.61E+08 0.00E+00 0 11 21 5.93E+07 5.94E+07 0 0 5.86E+07 7.05E+05 755887 11 22 5.71E+07 6.63E+07 0 0.00E+00 5.69E+07 1.96E+05 9.41E+06 11 23 1.70E+07 2.19E+07 3976940 841425 1.02E+07 2.85E+06 1.09E+07 11 24 7.37E+08 6.62E+08 7.74E+05 0.00E+00 6.61E+08 7.53E+07 827058 11 25 6.17E+06 8.46E+07 5.38E-14 344949 5.71E+06 453930 7.85E+07 11 26 9.74E+07 9.62E+07 0.00E+00 0 7.93E+07 1.81E+07 1.69E+07 11 27 1.78E+08 1.68E+08 0 0 1.59E+08 1.89E+07 8.53E+06 11 28 4.10E+08 4.08E+08 0.00E+00 0 3.93E+08 1.74E+07 1.54E+07 11 29 7.99E+07 2.35E+08 0 1.03E+08 7.99E+07 0 5.24E+07 11 30 5.48E+07 8.64E+07 0 2.65E+07 5.48E+07 0 5.04E+06 11 31 1.18E+08 1.39E+08 0 0 8.63E+07 3.21E+07 5.26E+07 11 32 1.23E+09 1.23E+09 44465200 0 1.15E+09 4.03E+07 8.48E+07 11 33 1.48E+08 1.26E+08 0 0 7.85E+07 6.92E+07 4.74E+07 11 34 1.30E+08 1.10E+08 0 0 5.59E+07 7.44E+07 5.44E+07 11 35 4.60E+07 4.84E+07 0 0 4.57E+07 284795 2.70E+06 11 36 1.12E+08 1.19E+08 0 765788 1.12E+08 0 5654450 11 37 4.70E+07 7.28E+07 0 26280000 4.65E+07 5.01E+05 0.00E+00 11 38 1.12E+08 6.71E+07 0 0 5.06E+07 6.13E+07 1.65E+07 11 39 1.38E+08 1.39E+08 0 0 1.34E+08 3.38E+06 4.07E+06 11 40 7.30E+07 7.58E+07 0 0.00E+00 7.09E+07 2.09E+06 4.88E+06 11 41 2.79E+09 2.29E+09 2.49E+08 0.00E+00 2.25E+09 2.91E+08 4.72E+07 11 42 8.64E+07 8.39E+07 0 0 8.39E+07 2.52E+06 0.00E+00 11 43 6.12E+08 5.93E+08 0 0 5.69E+08 4.30E+07 2.47E+07 11 44 4.51E+08 4.51E+08 0 0 4.51E+08 0 0 11 45 1.70E+08 1.39E+08 1.46E+07 0.00E+00 1.38E+08 1.71E+07 8.18E+05 11 46 3.86E+07 7.72E+07 7.31E+06 5.31E+06 2.49E+07 6.33E+06 4.70E+07 11 47 1.94E+08 2.02E+08 0 3.07E+06 1.94E+08 0 4942350 11 48 1.19E+08 1.22E+08 0 0 1.19E+08 326283 3.11E+06 11 49 3.16E+07 3.38E+07 0 0 3.01E+07 1.48E+06 3.67E+06 11 50 1.94E+08 1.81E+08 2.45E+07 0 1.53E+08 1.67E+07 2.84E+07 11 51 3.90E+07 3.83E+07 0 0 3.46E+07 4.39E+06 3.76E+06 11 52 1.08E+08 1.40E+08 0 0 1.08E+08 0 3.19E+07 11 53 2.45E+09 2.06E+09 1.25E+08 0.00E+00 2.03E+09 2.99E+08 3.39E+07 11 54 3.87E+07 3.92E+07 3.44E+06 1419750 3.31E+07 2.14E+06 4633320 11 55 1.83E+08 2.15E+08 5.77E+07 8.57E+07 1.16E+08 9.18E+06 1.30E+07 11 56 1.62E+07 5.53E+07 0 34060500 1.62E+07 0 5.02E+06 11 57 6.22E+08 7.50E+08 0 0 5.99E+08 2.25E+07 1.51E+08 11 58 5.47E+07 3.77E+07 0.00E+00 0 3.35E+07 2.12E+07 4.13E+06 11 59 1.19E+07 1.12E+07 0 0 8.92E+06 3.01E+06 2.27E+06 11 60 1.73E+06 5.19E+06 0 823878 1.73E+06 0 2.64E+06 11 61 1.40E+08 2.01E+08 0 9.72E+07 9.61E+07 4.36E+07 8.12E+06 11 62 7.67E+07 8.81E+07 0 0 5.95E+07 1.71E+07 2.86E+07

307

Table A-33 (cont’d) Year Region Demand Generated DC DC Local AC AC (MWh) (MWh) Imports Exports Generation Imports Exports (MWh) (MWh) Used (MWh) (MWh) (MWh) 11 63 1.60E+08 1.80E+08 0 3.12E+06 1.60E+08 0.00E+00 1.72E+07 11 64 3.50E+07 1.65E+08 416150 148464 3.27E+07 1.84E+06 1.33E+08 11 65 1.63E+06 892541 0 125566 453631 1.18E+06 313344 11 66 1.16E+08 8.65E+07 0.00E+00 0 8.17E+07 3.45E+07 4.84E+06 11 67 4.25E+07 4.04E+07 2.01E+06 0 4.04E+07 0 0 12 1 1.29E+08 2.82E+08 0 0 1.29E+08 0 1.53E+08 12 2 7.70E+07 3.93E+07 0 0 3.83E+07 3.87E+07 1022510 12 3 9.18E+07 8.63E+07 0 0.00E+00 7.96E+07 1.22E+07 6.64E+06 12 4 1.70E+08 2.02E+08 1037150 3.63E+05 1.36E+08 3.28E+07 6.48E+07 12 5 1.53E+08 1.54E+08 5761040 2.04E+06 1.42E+08 5.59E+06 1.05E+07 12 6 1.99E+08 2.55E+08 1113650 394527 1.82E+08 1.51E+07 7.26E+07 12 7 7.60E+07 3.17E+07 0 4.74E+04 2.94E+07 4.66E+07 2238120 12 8 3.84E+07 3.64E+07 0 0 3.64E+07 2.02E+06 0 12 9 2.87E+08 3.35E+08 0 3.80E+07 2.84E+08 2.64E+06 1.31E+07 12 10 1.95E+09 1.57E+09 1.47E+08 0 1.57E+09 2.42E+08 5.42E+06 12 11 5.94E+07 7.65E+07 0 1.71E+07 5.94E+07 0 0 12 12 2.06E+07 1.63E+08 0 8.61E+07 2.05E+07 1.21E+05 5.61E+07 12 13 3.83E+08 4.51E+08 0 0 3.66E+08 1.69E+07 8.50E+07 12 14 3.01E+08 2.84E+08 0.00E+00 0 2.81E+08 1.97E+07 2.90E+06 12 15 4.42E+07 6.63E+07 2.19E+06 1.19E+07 3.47E+07 7.25E+06 1.96E+07 12 16 2.72E+07 2.53E+07 0 0 2.32E+07 4.01E+06 2.14E+06 12 17 3.75E+08 6.71E+08 0 0 3.75E+08 0 2.96E+08 12 18 1.43E+09 1.66E+09 4.04E+07 2.75E+08 1.39E+09 0 0 12 19 2.31E+08 3.72E+08 2.35E+07 0 2.03E+08 4.20E+06 1.69E+08 12 20 9.06E+08 9.06E+08 0 0 9.06E+08 0.00E+00 0 12 21 6.17E+07 6.16E+07 0 0 6.09E+07 852868 755887 12 22 5.87E+07 7.76E+07 0 0.00E+00 5.70E+07 1.70E+06 2.06E+07 12 23 1.79E+07 2.36E+07 4658830 105605 1.20E+07 1.23E+06 1.15E+07 12 24 7.54E+08 6.76E+08 7.74E+05 0.00E+00 6.74E+08 7.89E+07 1654120 12 25 6.23E+06 9.12E+07 740.145 345340 5.79E+06 436257 8.51E+07 12 26 1.01E+08 9.93E+07 0.00E+00 0 8.22E+07 1.86E+07 1.71E+07 12 27 1.84E+08 1.62E+08 0 0 1.57E+08 2.72E+07 4.91E+06 12 28 4.13E+08 4.10E+08 0.00E+00 0 3.97E+08 1.53E+07 1.32E+07 12 29 8.26E+07 2.38E+08 0 1.03E+08 8.26E+07 0 5.20E+07 12 30 5.66E+07 8.89E+07 0 2.73E+07 5.66E+07 0 4.97E+06 12 31 1.24E+08 1.45E+08 0 0 9.02E+07 3.38E+07 5.51E+07 12 32 1.26E+09 1.28E+09 44465200 0 1.19E+09 2.77E+07 8.88E+07 12 33 1.53E+08 1.43E+08 0 0 9.59E+07 5.70E+07 4.74E+07 12 34 1.32E+08 1.08E+08 90721.2 97762.3 5.89E+07 7.32E+07 4.90E+07 12 35 4.75E+07 4.85E+07 0 0 4.70E+07 449043 1.46E+06 12 36 1.17E+08 1.19E+08 0 765788 1.16E+08 1.36E+06 2.03E+06 12 37 4.88E+07 7.41E+07 0 26280000 4.78E+07 1.01E+06 0.00E+00 12 38 1.16E+08 6.70E+07 0 0 4.94E+07 6.71E+07 1.77E+07 12 39 1.42E+08 1.43E+08 0 0 1.38E+08 4.50E+06 5.27E+06 12 40 7.54E+07 7.97E+07 0 0.00E+00 7.32E+07 2.22E+06 6.51E+06 12 41 2.88E+09 2.34E+09 2.63E+08 0.00E+00 2.31E+09 3.08E+08 3.13E+07 12 42 9.05E+07 8.61E+07 0 0 8.61E+07 4.40E+06 0.00E+00 12 43 6.38E+08 6.17E+08 0 0 5.91E+08 4.73E+07 2.65E+07 12 44 4.71E+08 4.71E+08 0 0 4.71E+08 0 0

308

Table A-33 (cont’d) Year Region Demand Generated DC DC Local AC AC (MWh) (MWh) Imports Exports Generation Imports Exports (MWh) (MWh) Used (MWh) (MWh) (MWh) 12 45 1.77E+08 1.52E+08 1.47E+07 4.90E+04 1.48E+08 1.47E+07 3.95E+06 12 46 4.00E+07 7.61E+07 9.12E+06 6.43E+06 2.28E+07 8.02E+06 4.69E+07 12 47 2.00E+08 2.09E+08 0 3.07E+06 2.00E+08 0 5.55E+06 12 48 1.23E+08 1.26E+08 0 0 1.23E+08 5.36E+05 3.16E+06 12 49 3.21E+07 3.41E+07 0 0 2.73E+07 4.80E+06 6.84E+06 12 50 2.06E+08 1.92E+08 2.45E+07 0 1.64E+08 1.74E+07 2.84E+07 12 51 4.01E+07 3.71E+07 0 0 3.30E+07 7.07E+06 4.08E+06 12 52 1.13E+08 1.29E+08 0 0 1.13E+08 0 1.63E+07 12 53 2.56E+09 2.17E+09 1.25E+08 0.00E+00 2.12E+09 3.17E+08 4.78E+07 12 54 4.06E+07 5.56E+07 3.93E+06 1.53E+07 3.40E+07 2.59E+06 6308110 12 55 1.92E+08 2.14E+08 6.89E+07 8.14E+07 1.12E+08 1.10E+07 2.03E+07 12 56 1.65E+07 5.71E+07 0 34060500 1.65E+07 0 6.58E+06 12 57 6.26E+08 7.73E+08 0 0 5.99E+08 2.63E+07 1.74E+08 12 58 5.68E+07 3.89E+07 0.00E+00 0 3.54E+07 2.14E+07 3.49E+06 12 59 1.25E+07 1.16E+07 0 0 9.04E+06 3.43E+06 2.51E+06 12 60 1.73E+06 4.24E+06 0 823878 1.73E+06 0 1.68E+06 12 61 1.47E+08 2.09E+08 0 9.72E+07 1.02E+08 4.47E+07 9.64E+06 12 62 7.90E+07 8.93E+07 0 0 5.95E+07 1.96E+07 2.98E+07 12 63 1.66E+08 1.90E+08 0 3.12E+06 1.64E+08 2.69E+06 2.36E+07 12 64 3.65E+07 1.66E+08 460586 197187 3.38E+07 2.17E+06 1.32E+08 12 65 1.63E+06 2.29E+06 0 251132 1.54E+06 90487.4 494058 12 66 1.18E+08 8.86E+07 0.00E+00 0 8.66E+07 3.13E+07 2.05E+06 12 67 4.36E+07 4.15E+07 2.13E+06 0 4.15E+07 0 0 13 1 1.35E+08 2.85E+08 0 0 1.35E+08 0 1.50E+08 13 2 8.01E+07 4.24E+07 0 0 4.14E+07 3.87E+07 1022510 13 3 9.52E+07 8.91E+07 0 0.00E+00 8.24E+07 1.29E+07 6.69E+06 13 4 1.75E+08 2.08E+08 1.16E+06 3.63E+05 1.46E+08 2.79E+07 6.19E+07 13 5 1.57E+08 1.46E+08 5795280 2.03E+06 1.44E+08 8.00E+06 0 13 6 2.10E+08 2.65E+08 1113650 394527 1.92E+08 1.64E+07 7.18E+07 13 7 7.84E+07 3.68E+07 0 4.74E+04 3.61E+07 4.24E+07 673503 13 8 3.98E+07 3.71E+07 0 0 3.71E+07 2.67E+06 0 13 9 2.92E+08 3.59E+08 0 3.80E+07 2.90E+08 1493060 3.12E+07 13 10 2.02E+09 1.61E+09 1.47E+08 0 1.61E+09 2.66E+08 1529440 13 11 6.14E+07 9.04E+07 0 2.90E+07 6.14E+07 0 0 13 12 2.13E+07 1.62E+08 0 9.12E+07 2.01E+07 1.30E+06 5.09E+07 13 13 3.96E+08 4.67E+08 0.00E+00 -3.26E-09 3.67E+08 2.93E+07 1.00E+08 13 14 3.08E+08 2.97E+08 -1.25E-09 0 2.83E+08 2.57E+07 1.40E+07 13 15 4.63E+07 7.45E+07 9.26E+05 1.51E+07 3.73E+07 8.05E+06 2.20E+07 13 16 2.84E+07 2.73E+07 0 0 2.42E+07 4.20E+06 3.05E+06 13 17 3.83E+08 5.85E+08 0 9261960 3.83E+08 0 1.93E+08 13 18 1.49E+09 1.72E+09 5.21E+07 2.83E+08 1.44E+09 0 0 13 19 2.38E+08 4.55E+08 2.35E+07 0 2.09E+08 5024280 2.46E+08 13 20 9.51E+08 9.37E+08 0 0.00E+00 9.37E+08 1.40E+07 0 13 21 6.41E+07 6.28E+07 0 0 6.21E+07 2.05E+06 755887 13 22 6.03E+07 8.75E+07 0 0.00E+00 5.88E+07 1.46E+06 2.87E+07 13 23 1.87E+07 2.37E+07 4756690 0 1.25E+07 1.42E+06 1.12E+07 13 24 7.71E+08 6.90E+08 7.74E+05 0.00E+00 6.84E+08 8.65E+07 6114650 13 25 6.29E+06 9.42E+07 832.663 345389 5.83E+06 462350 8.81E+07 13 26 1.04E+08 1.05E+08 -1.73E-09 0 8.41E+07 2.00E+07 2.07E+07

309

Table A-33 (cont’d) Year Region Demand Generated DC DC Local AC AC (MWh) (MWh) Imports Exports Generation Imports Exports (MWh) (MWh) Used (MWh) (MWh) (MWh) 13 27 1.90E+08 1.90E+08 0 0 1.49E+08 4.18E+07 4.18E+07 13 28 4.15E+08 4.14E+08 0.00E+00 0 3.96E+08 1.96E+07 1.84E+07 13 29 8.53E+07 2.42E+08 0 1.03E+08 8.53E+07 0 5.28E+07 13 30 5.83E+07 9.04E+07 0 2.73E+07 5.83E+07 0 4.78E+06 13 31 1.30E+08 1.50E+08 0 0 9.55E+07 3.40E+07 5.47E+07 13 32 1.29E+09 1.33E+09 49447500 0 1.24E+09 7.55E+06 9.74E+07 13 33 1.58E+08 1.50E+08 0 0 1.02E+08 5.58E+07 4.74E+07 13 34 1.34E+08 1.09E+08 90721.2 97762.3 5.70E+07 7.69E+07 5.16E+07 13 35 4.90E+07 4.90E+07 0 0 4.64E+07 2551790 2.54E+06 13 36 1.22E+08 1.23E+08 0 765788 1.20E+08 1.88E+06 2.19E+06 13 37 5.06E+07 7.49E+07 0 26280000 4.84E+07 2.22E+06 2.19E+05 13 38 1.21E+08 6.69E+07 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 4.80E+07 7.30E+07 1.89E+07 13 39 1.47E+08 1.46E+08 0 0 1.42E+08 4.81E+06 3.85E+06 13 40 7.79E+07 8.09E+07 0 0.00E+00 7.26E+07 5.23E+06 8.27E+06 13 41 2.97E+09 2.31E+09 2.83E+08 0.00E+00 2.31E+09 3.78E+08 2.53E+06 13 42 9.46E+07 8.89E+07 0 0 8.81E+07 6.45E+06 7.35E+05 13 43 6.65E+08 6.64E+08 0.00E+00 0 6.12E+08 5.21E+07 5.11E+07 13 44 4.91E+08 4.91E+08 0 0 4.91E+08 0 0 13 45 1.85E+08 1.64E+08 1.70E+07 4.90E+04 1.58E+08 1.01E+07 6.23E+06 13 46 4.14E+07 7.08E+07 8.31E+06 6.59E+06 2.36E+07 9.52E+06 4.07E+07 13 47 2.06E+08 2.18E+08 0 3.07E+06 2.06E+08 0 9265070 13 48 1.27E+08 1.27E+08 0 0 1.24E+08 2.86E+06 2.90E+06 13 49 3.25E+07 3.46E+07 0 0 2.40E+07 8.54E+06 1.07E+07 13 50 2.18E+08 2.11E+08 2.45E+07 0 1.80E+08 1.34E+07 3.13E+07 13 51 4.11E+07 4.12E+07 0 0 3.15E+07 9.67E+06 9.75E+06 13 52 1.18E+08 1.54E+08 0 0 1.18E+08 0 3.65E+07 13 53 2.67E+09 2.33E+09 1.25E+08 0.00E+00 2.27E+09 2.76E+08 5.88E+07 13 54 4.24E+07 6.59E+07 4.07E+06 2.75E+07 3.49E+07 3.40E+06 3.49E+06 13 55 2.01E+08 2.15E+08 7.55E+07 7.84E+07 1.13E+08 1.18E+07 2.30E+07 13 56 1.68E+07 5.41E+07 0 34060500 1.68E+07 0 3310510 13 57 6.30E+08 7.93E+08 0 0 5.90E+08 3.93E+07 2.02E+08 13 58 5.90E+07 3.58E+07 0.00E+00 0 3.58E+07 2.31E+07 2.37E+04 13 59 1.30E+07 1.17E+07 0.00E+00 0 8.51E+06 4.51E+06 3.20E+06 13 60 1.73E+06 5.03E+06 0 823878 1.73E+06 0 2.47E+06 13 61 1.54E+08 2.13E+08 0 9.72E+07 1.03E+08 5.09E+07 1.21E+07 13 62 8.14E+07 9.09E+07 0 0 6.04E+07 2.10E+07 3.05E+07 13 63 1.73E+08 2.13E+08 0 3.12E+06 1.68E+08 4.65E+06 4.22E+07 13 64 3.80E+07 1.69E+08 460586 197187 3.57E+07 1.77E+06 1.33E+08 13 65 1.63E+06 4.82E+06 0 376698 1.63E+06 0 2.81E+06 13 66 1.20E+08 9.13E+07 0.00E+00 0 8.79E+07 3.18E+07 3411810 13 67 4.48E+07 4.25E+07 2.25E+06 0 4.25E+07 0 0 14 1 1.41E+08 2.76E+08 0 0 1.41E+08 0 1.35E+08 14 2 8.33E+07 4.74E+07 0 0 4.64E+07 3.69E+07 1022510 14 3 9.86E+07 8.98E+07 0 0.00E+00 8.31E+07 1.55E+07 6.69E+06 14 4 1.80E+08 2.05E+08 5062160 1.75E+06 1.48E+08 2.66E+07 5.55E+07 14 5 1.62E+08 1.51E+08 5835000 2.03E+06 1.46E+08 9.64E+06 3.08E+06 14 6 2.21E+08 2.78E+08 1484870 0 2.04E+08 1.55E+07 7.34E+07 14 7 8.09E+07 4.19E+07 0 4.74E+04 4.12E+07 3.98E+07 666045 14 8 4.12E+07 3.72E+07 0 0 3.72E+07 3.97E+06 0

310

Table A-33 (cont’d) Year Region Demand Generated DC DC Local AC AC (MWh) (MWh) Imports Exports Generation Imports Exports (MWh) (MWh) Used (MWh) (MWh) (MWh) 14 9 2.97E+08 4.19E+08 0 3.80E+07 2.96E+08 833781 8.55E+07 14 10 2.09E+09 1.65E+09 1.47E+08 0 1.65E+09 2.93E+08 0 14 11 6.34E+07 1.11E+08 0 4.80E+07 6.34E+07 0.00E+00 0 14 12 2.21E+07 1.62E+08 4.40E-10 9.33E+07 1.98E+07 2.23E+06 4.91E+07 14 13 4.09E+08 4.82E+08 0.00E+00 0 3.76E+08 3.31E+07 1.06E+08 14 14 3.16E+08 3.03E+08 5.32E+06 0 2.90E+08 2.10E+07 1.38E+07 14 15 4.84E+07 7.84E+07 968782 1.52E+07 3.90E+07 8.43E+06 2.42E+07 14 16 2.97E+07 2.80E+07 7540.38 3998.22 2.55E+07 4.18E+06 2.53E+06 14 17 3.91E+08 5.88E+08 -4.40E-10 9876550 3.91E+08 0 1.87E+08 14 18 1.55E+09 1.77E+09 7.15E+07 2.94E+08 1.47E+09 0 0 14 19 2.44E+08 4.04E+08 2.35E+07 0 2.15E+08 5848600 1.89E+08 14 20 9.96E+08 9.95E+08 0 0.00E+00 9.95E+08 8.06E+05 0 14 21 6.65E+07 6.36E+07 0 0 6.29E+07 3.65E+06 755887 14 22 6.19E+07 8.77E+07 0 0.00E+00 6.04E+07 1.50E+06 2.73E+07 14 23 1.96E+07 2.40E+07 4756690 0 1.31E+07 1.70E+06 1.09E+07 14 24 7.88E+08 7.23E+08 7.74E+05 0.00E+00 7.19E+08 6.80E+07 3796480 14 25 6.35E+06 9.47E+07 925.181 345438 5.91E+06 445324 8.85E+07 14 26 1.07E+08 1.18E+08 0.00E+00 0 8.53E+07 2.22E+07 3.23E+07 14 27 1.97E+08 1.93E+08 0 0 1.45E+08 5.19E+07 4.79E+07 14 28 4.18E+08 4.26E+08 0.00E+00 0 3.98E+08 2.04E+07 2.82E+07 14 29 8.81E+07 2.48E+08 0 1.13E+08 8.81E+07 0 4.67E+07 14 30 6.00E+07 9.87E+07 0 2.73E+07 6.00E+07 0 1.14E+07 14 31 1.35E+08 1.54E+08 0 0 9.92E+07 3.59E+07 5.47E+07 14 32 1.32E+09 1.34E+09 60452500 0 1.26E+09 3.37E+06 7.66E+07 14 33 1.63E+08 1.58E+08 0 0 1.11E+08 5.23E+07 4.74E+07 14 34 1.36E+08 1.24E+08 204585 172718 6.72E+07 6.83E+07 5.65E+07 14 35 5.05E+07 4.98E+07 0 0 4.40E+07 6.45E+06 5.77E+06 14 36 1.27E+08 1.33E+08 0 765788 1.23E+08 3.34E+06 9.05E+06 14 37 5.24E+07 7.48E+07 0 26280000 4.53E+07 7.19E+06 3.29E+06 14 38 1.25E+08 6.95E+07 0 0 4.69E+07 7.86E+07 2.26E+07 14 39 1.52E+08 1.49E+08 0 0 1.44E+08 7.37E+06 4.54E+06 14 40 8.03E+07 8.34E+07 0 0.00E+00 6.60E+07 1.43E+07 1.73E+07 14 41 3.06E+09 2.43E+09 2.91E+08 0.00E+00 2.43E+09 3.35E+08 0.00E+00 14 42 9.86E+07 8.92E+07 0 0 8.92E+07 9.49E+06 0 14 43 6.91E+08 6.67E+08 0.00E+00 0 6.36E+08 5.55E+07 3.10E+07 14 44 5.11E+08 5.11E+08 0 0 5.11E+08 0 0 14 45 1.93E+08 1.75E+08 1.56E+07 7.36E+04 1.65E+08 1.21E+07 1.02E+07 14 46 4.28E+07 7.24E+07 7.26E+06 6.67E+06 2.56E+07 9.96E+06 4.02E+07 14 47 2.12E+08 2.22E+08 0 3.07E+06 2.12E+08 0.00E+00 6741990 14 48 1.31E+08 1.32E+08 0 0 1.29E+08 2.09E+06 3.14E+06 14 49 3.29E+07 3.51E+07 0 0 2.22E+07 1.07E+07 1.29E+07 14 50 2.30E+08 2.18E+08 2.45E+07 0 1.90E+08 1.54E+07 2.84E+07 14 51 4.22E+07 4.14E+07 0 0 3.23E+07 9.92E+06 9.10E+06 14 52 1.23E+08 1.64E+08 0 0 1.23E+08 0 4.12E+07 14 53 2.78E+09 2.43E+09 1.25E+08 0.00E+00 2.37E+09 2.89E+08 6.12E+07 14 54 4.42E+07 7.58E+07 4.07E+06 3.31E+07 3.47E+07 5.44E+06 7.97E+06 14 55 2.10E+08 2.19E+08 8.50E+07 7.84E+07 1.16E+08 8.28E+06 2.40E+07 14 56 1.70E+07 6.17E+07 0.00E+00 3.97E+07 1.70E+07 0 4.94E+06 14 57 6.34E+08 8.30E+08 0 0 5.89E+08 4.52E+07 2.41E+08

311

Table A-33 (cont’d) Year Region Demand Generated DC DC Local AC AC (MWh) (MWh) Imports Exports Generation Imports Exports (MWh) (MWh) Used (MWh) (MWh) (MWh) 14 58 6.11E+07 3.53E+07 0.00E+00 0 3.53E+07 2.58E+07 2.37E+04 14 59 1.36E+07 1.19E+07 0.00E+00 0 8.71E+06 4.85E+06 3.20E+06 14 60 1.73E+06 4.03E+06 0 823878 1.73E+06 0 1.48E+06 14 61 1.62E+08 2.13E+08 0 9.72E+07 1.02E+08 5.95E+07 1.37E+07 14 62 8.38E+07 8.98E+07 0 0 5.93E+07 2.44E+07 3.05E+07 14 63 1.79E+08 2.19E+08 0 3.12E+06 1.70E+08 9.16E+06 4.63E+07 14 64 3.95E+07 1.69E+08 551307 1664050 3.70E+07 1.90E+06 1.31E+08 14 65 1.63E+06 1.23E+07 0 502264 1.63E+06 0 1.02E+07 14 66 1.21E+08 9.13E+07 0.00E+00 0 9.03E+07 3.11E+07 1.03E+06 14 67 4.59E+07 4.36E+07 2.37E+06 0 4.36E+07 0 0 15 1 1.48E+08 3.14E+08 1.48E+06 0 1.46E+08 0 1.68E+08 15 2 8.64E+07 4.97E+07 0 0 4.22E+07 4.43E+07 7.59E+06 15 3 1.02E+08 8.95E+07 0 0.00E+00 7.99E+07 2.21E+07 9.57E+06 15 4 1.84E+08 2.12E+08 2.22E+07 4.59E+06 1.44E+08 1.78E+07 6.37E+07 15 5 1.66E+08 1.65E+08 6475950 1.33E+06 1.45E+08 1.49E+07 1.91E+07 15 6 2.33E+08 2.78E+08 1484870 0 2.07E+08 2.46E+07 7.15E+07 15 7 8.34E+07 4.00E+07 0 4.74E+04 3.72E+07 4.62E+07 2.73E+06 15 8 4.26E+07 3.70E+07 0 0 3.38E+07 8.79E+06 3.16E+06 15 9 3.02E+08 5.10E+08 0 3.80E+07 3.02E+08 0 1.71E+08 15 10 2.15E+09 1.70E+09 1.47E+08 0 1.69E+09 3.14E+08 1462270 15 11 6.53E+07 1.35E+08 0 6.92E+07 6.53E+07 0 0 15 12 2.28E+07 1.62E+08 0 9.40E+07 1.24E+07 1.04E+07 5.60E+07 15 13 4.22E+08 4.77E+08 0.00E+00 0 3.89E+08 3.33E+07 8.84E+07 15 14 3.23E+08 3.16E+08 6.43E+06 0 2.92E+08 2.50E+07 2.40E+07 15 15 5.06E+07 8.35E+07 8.85E+05 1.49E+07 4.08E+07 8.92E+06 2.78E+07 15 16 3.09E+07 2.84E+07 7540.38 3998.22 2.56E+07 5.32E+06 2.82E+06 15 17 4.00E+08 6.72E+08 0 9876550 4.00E+08 0 2.63E+08 15 18 1.60E+09 1.84E+09 1.01E+08 3.37E+08 1.50E+09 0 0 15 19 2.51E+08 3.97E+08 2.35E+07 0 2.19E+08 8.92E+06 1.78E+08 15 20 1.04E+09 1.04E+09 0 0.00E+00 1.04E+09 2.36E+06 1092260 15 21 6.89E+07 6.64E+07 0 0 6.56E+07 3.32E+06 755887 15 22 6.35E+07 9.09E+07 0 0.00E+00 5.58E+07 7.79E+06 3.52E+07 15 23 2.04E+07 3.60E+07 4756690 0 1.18E+07 3.81E+06 2.42E+07 15 24 8.05E+08 7.24E+08 7.74E+05 0.00E+00 7.20E+08 8.41E+07 4.14E+06 15 25 6.41E+06 9.34E+07 1415270 840469 5.00E+06 0 8.75E+07 15 26 1.11E+08 1.16E+08 0.00E+00 0 7.45E+07 3.64E+07 4.10E+07 15 27 2.03E+08 2.16E+08 0 0 1.42E+08 6.15E+07 7.48E+07 15 28 4.21E+08 4.29E+08 0.00E+00 0 3.98E+08 2.27E+07 3.13E+07 15 29 9.08E+07 2.59E+08 0 1.26E+08 9.08E+07 0 4.20E+07 15 30 6.18E+07 1.02E+08 0 2.73E+07 6.18E+07 0 1.32E+07 15 31 1.41E+08 1.54E+08 0 0 9.82E+07 4.25E+07 5.63E+07 15 32 1.35E+09 1.37E+09 7.28E+07 0 1.28E+09 5.02E+06 9.47E+07 15 33 1.68E+08 1.58E+08 0 0 1.11E+08 5.76E+07 4.74E+07 15 34 1.38E+08 1.24E+08 772864 0 4.30E+07 9.38E+07 8.11E+07 15 35 5.20E+07 5.14E+07 0 0 4.09E+07 1.11E+07 1.05E+07 15 36 1.32E+08 1.38E+08 0 765788 1.27E+08 4.82E+06 1.07E+07 15 37 5.43E+07 7.61E+07 0 2.63E+07 4.66E+07 7.70E+06 3.29E+06 15 38 1.30E+08 7.22E+07 1.82E+06 0 4.29E+07 8.53E+07 2.93E+07 15 39 1.56E+08 1.57E+08 0 0 1.45E+08 1.14E+07 1.20E+07

312

Table A-33 (cont’d) Year Region Demand Generated DC DC Local AC AC (MWh) (MWh) Imports Exports Generation Imports Exports (MWh) (MWh) Used (MWh) (MWh) (MWh) 15 40 8.27E+07 8.45E+07 0 0.00E+00 6.72E+07 1.56E+07 1.73E+07 15 41 3.15E+09 2.52E+09 2.95E+08 0.00E+00 2.52E+09 3.38E+08 0.00E+00 15 42 1.03E+08 9.35E+07 0 0 9.35E+07 9.16E+06 0 15 43 7.18E+08 6.93E+08 0.00E+00 0 6.60E+08 5.80E+07 3.35E+07 15 44 5.31E+08 5.32E+08 0 0 5.31E+08 0 560903 15 45 2.01E+08 1.82E+08 1.46E+07 5.25E+06 1.61E+08 2.53E+07 1.59E+07 15 46 4.42E+07 7.47E+07 1.53E+07 6.74E+06 1.78E+07 1.11E+07 5.01E+07 15 47 2.18E+08 2.26E+08 0 3.07E+06 2.18E+08 3.07E+04 4861090 15 48 1.34E+08 1.49E+08 0 0 1.27E+08 7.87E+06 2.28E+07 15 49 3.34E+07 3.50E+07 0 0 2.27E+07 1.07E+07 1.23E+07 15 50 2.42E+08 2.19E+08 2.28E+07 1872360 1.96E+08 2.32E+07 2.11E+07 15 51 4.33E+07 4.18E+07 0 0 3.31E+07 1.02E+07 8.71E+06 15 52 1.28E+08 1.55E+08 0 0 1.28E+08 0 2.71E+07 15 53 2.89E+09 2.49E+09 1.25E+08 0.00E+00 2.43E+09 3.36E+08 6.12E+07 15 54 4.61E+07 7.56E+07 4.07E+06 3.31E+07 3.51E+07 6.94E+06 7.40E+06 15 55 2.18E+08 2.23E+08 1.02E+08 7.84E+07 1.11E+08 5.81E+06 3.35E+07 15 56 1.73E+07 6.34E+07 0.00E+00 4.09E+07 1.73E+07 0 5.16E+06 15 57 6.38E+08 8.20E+08 0 0 5.62E+08 7.54E+07 2.57E+08 15 58 6.32E+07 3.84E+07 0.00E+00 0 3.68E+07 2.64E+07 1.57E+06 15 59 1.41E+07 1.26E+07 0.00E+00 0 9.45E+06 4.65E+06 3.20E+06 15 60 1.73E+06 4.61E+06 0 823878 1.56E+06 173170 2.23E+06 15 61 1.69E+08 2.16E+08 0 9.72E+07 1.06E+08 6.35E+07 1.31E+07 15 62 8.61E+07 8.76E+07 0 0 5.71E+07 2.91E+07 3.05E+07 15 63 1.85E+08 2.19E+08 0 3.12E+06 1.56E+08 2.93E+07 5.98E+07 15 64 4.10E+07 1.69E+08 416150 7600480 3.69E+07 3.68E+06 1.24E+08 15 65 1.63E+06 4.73E+07 0 7.72E+06 1.63E+06 0 3.80E+07 15 66 1.23E+08 9.23E+07 3.08E+06 0.00E+00 8.27E+07 3.73E+07 9.61E+06 15 67 4.71E+07 4.46E+07 2.48E+06 0.00E+00 4.46E+07 0 0

313

Table A-34. Annual Renewable Energy Usage (Scenario 3) Year Region Renewable Energy Solar Energy Usage (%) Usage (%) 1 1 2.1% 0.0% 1 2 1.9% 0.0% 1 3 10.9% 0.0% 1 4 0.0% 0.0% 1 5 0.0% 0.0% 1 6 0.0% 0.0% 1 7 1.0% 0.0% 1 8 0.7% 0.0% 1 9 44.7% 0.0% 1 10 1.2% 0.0% 1 11 0.0% 0.0% 1 12 0.0% 0.0% 1 13 0.0% 0.0% 1 14 0.0% 0.0% 1 15 0.0% 0.0% 1 16 0.9% 0.0% 1 17 0.0% 0.0% 1 18 4.1% 0.0% 1 19 0.0% 0.0% 1 20 0.0% 0.0% 1 21 0.0% 0.0% 1 22 45.4% 0.0% 1 23 16.1% 0.0% 1 24 23.6% 0.0% 1 25 3.9% 0.0% 1 26 0.0% 0.0% 1 27 0.0% 0.0% 1 28 1.0% 0.0% 1 29 8.6% 0.0% 1 30 0.3% 0.0% 1 31 0.1% 0.1% 1 32 6.2% 0.0% 1 33 0.3% 0.0% 1 34 0.6% 0.0% 1 35 0.7% 0.0% 1 36 2.5% 0.0% 1 37 0.0% 0.0% 1 38 2.6% 0.0% 1 39 1.3% 0.0% 1 40 1.5% 0.0% 1 41 0.1% 0.0% 1 42 0.1% 0.0% 1 43 0.0% 0.0% 1 44 0.0% 0.0% 1 45 4.2% 0.1% 1 46 0.0% 0.0% 1 47 1.5% 0.0% 1 48 29.5% 0.0% 1 49 14.6% 0.0%

314

Table A-34 (cont’d) Year Region Renewable Energy Solar Energy Usage (%) Usage (%) 1 50 0.0% 0.0% 1 51 0.0% 0.0% 1 52 0.0% 0.0% 1 53 0.0% 0.0% 1 54 0.0% 0.0% 1 55 5.5% 0.0% 1 56 7.8% 0.0% 1 57 0.0% 0.0% 1 58 0.9% 0.0% 1 59 7.9% 0.0% 1 60 0.0% 0.0% 1 61 0.8% 0.0% 1 62 2.6% 0.0% 1 63 0.1% 0.0% 1 64 23.4% 0.0% 1 65 25.2% 0.0% 1 66 1.4% 0.0% 1 67 0.5% 0.0% 2 1 0.0% 0.0% 2 2 1.8% 0.0% 2 3 21.3% 0.0% 2 4 0.7% 0.0% 2 5 0.2% 0.0% 2 6 8.9% 8.9% 2 7 1.0% 0.0% 2 8 2.1% 0.0% 2 9 26.6% 0.0% 2 10 3.0% 1.3% 2 11 0.0% 0.0% 2 12 13.2% 0.0% 2 13 3.9% 3.9% 2 14 0.9% 0.0% 2 15 0.0% 0.0% 2 16 0.0% 0.0% 2 17 0.0% 0.0% 2 18 3.8% 0.0% 2 19 0.0% 0.0% 2 20 0.0% 0.0% 2 21 0.0% 0.0% 2 22 21.3% 0.0% 2 23 15.0% 4.5% 2 24 35.0% 1.6% 2 25 0.0% 0.0% 2 26 0.0% 0.0% 2 27 0.0% 0.0% 2 28 3.1% 0.0% 2 29 21.1% 0.0% 2 30 30.0% 0.0% 2 31 26.5% 26.5% 2 32 6.1% 0.0% 2 33 8.2% 0.0%

315

Table A-34 (cont’d) Year Region Renewable Energy Solar Energy Usage (%) Usage (%) 2 34 1.2% 0.0% 2 35 0.6% 0.0% 2 36 3.7% 0.0% 2 37 0.0% 0.0% 2 38 3.2% 0.0% 2 39 1.0% 0.0% 2 40 1.0% 0.0% 2 41 1.2% 0.4% 2 42 0.1% 0.0% 2 43 2.7% 2.7% 2 44 0.0% 0.0% 2 45 7.0% 2.3% 2 46 4.5% 3.3% 2 47 2.0% 0.0% 2 48 12.2% 0.0% 2 49 15.1% 0.0% 2 50 17.6% 17.1% 2 51 6.5% 6.5% 2 52 0.0% 0.0% 2 53 0.0% 0.0% 2 54 0.0% 0.0% 2 55 38.2% 0.0% 2 56 71.4% 0.0% 2 57 0.1% 0.0% 2 58 12.0% 12.0% 2 59 15.1% 0.0% 2 60 0.0% 0.0% 2 61 19.8% 0.0% 2 62 17.8% 0.0% 2 63 23.7% 3.5% 2 64 39.5% 39.5% 2 65 18.4% 0.0% 2 66 1.6% 0.0% 2 67 1.3% 0.0% 3 1 20.0% 0.0% 3 2 10.1% 0.3% 3 3 5.0% 0.0% 3 4 20.5% 1.2% 3 5 15.0% 0.3% 3 6 12.0% 11.7% 3 7 15.0% 0.3% 3 8 11.3% 0.0% 3 9 15.0% 0.0% 3 10 33.0% 7.8% 3 11 0.0% 0.0% 3 12 10.1% 0.0% 3 13 9.4% 0.2% 3 14 5.3% 0.3% 3 15 19.4% 4.0% 3 16 15.0% 0.3% 3 17 0.0% 0.0%

316

Table A-34 (cont’d) Year Region Renewable Energy Solar Energy Usage (%) Usage (%) 3 18 3.5% 0.0% 3 19 10.5% 0.4% 3 20 0.0% 0.0% 3 21 0.0% 0.0% 3 22 0.0% 0.0% 3 23 33.0% 16.7% 3 24 24.1% 1.0% 3 25 7.5% 0.2% 3 26 33.0% 0.0% 3 27 0.0% 0.0% 3 28 10.0% 0.2% 3 29 0.0% 0.0% 3 30 0.0% 0.0% 3 31 22.0% 8.9% 3 32 28.8% 0.3% 3 33 0.0% 0.0% 3 34 30.0% 2.5% 3 35 15.0% 0.0% 3 36 0.0% 0.0% 3 37 0.0% 0.0% 3 38 20.0% 0.0% 3 39 0.0% 0.0% 3 40 20.0% 0.0% 3 41 20.0% 2.1% 3 42 0.0% 0.0% 3 43 9.4% 0.0% 3 44 0.0% 0.0% 3 45 10.0% 0.0% 3 46 19.4% 5.8% 3 47 0.0% 0.0% 3 48 15.0% 0.0% 3 49 33.0% 0.0% 3 50 12.0% 9.1% 3 51 22.0% 2.1% 3 52 0.0% 0.0% 3 53 0.0% 0.0% 3 54 0.0% 0.0% 3 55 20.0% 1.0% 3 56 7.8% 0.0% 3 57 0.0% 0.0% 3 58 12.0% 12.0% 3 59 33.0% 0.1% 3 60 10.0% 0.0% 3 61 0.0% 0.0% 3 62 5.0% 0.0% 3 63 30.0% 0.0% 3 64 13.9% 4.0% 3 65 15.0% 0.0% 3 66 10.1% 0.1% 3 67 10.1% 0.0% 4 1 25.0% 0.0%

317

Table A-34 (cont’d) Year Region Renewable Energy Solar Energy Usage (%) Usage (%) 4 2 10.1% 0.0% 4 3 6.3% 1.2% 4 4 25.0% 1.5% 4 5 15.0% 0.3% 4 6 15.0% 15.0% 4 7 15.0% 0.3% 4 8 11.3% 0.0% 4 9 15.0% 0.0% 4 10 33.0% 9.4% 4 11 0.0% 0.0% 4 12 10.1% 0.0% 4 13 9.4% 0.2% 4 14 6.3% 0.3% 4 15 19.4% 13.4% 4 16 15.0% 0.3% 4 17 0.0% 0.0% 4 18 3.1% 0.0% 4 19 12.5% 0.5% 4 20 0.0% 0.0% 4 21 0.0% 0.0% 4 22 14.0% 0.0% 4 23 33.0% 0.0% 4 24 27.1% 1.6% 4 25 7.5% 0.2% 4 26 33.0% 0.0% 4 27 0.0% 0.0% 4 28 10.0% 0.0% 4 29 0.0% 0.0% 4 30 0.0% 0.0% 4 31 25.0% 21.2% 4 32 28.8% 0.0% 4 33 0.0% 0.0% 4 34 30.0% 2.7% 4 35 15.0% 0.0% 4 36 0.0% 0.0% 4 37 0.0% 0.0% 4 38 25.0% 0.0% 4 39 0.5% 0.0% 4 40 25.0% 0.0% 4 41 20.0% 2.0% 4 42 10.0% 0.0% 4 43 9.4% 5.0% 4 44 0.0% 0.0% 4 45 10.0% 0.1% 4 46 19.4% 13.4% 4 47 0.0% 0.0% 4 48 15.0% 0.0% 4 49 33.0% 0.0% 4 50 15.0% 12.7% 4 51 25.0% 6.1% 4 52 0.0% 0.0%

318

Table A-34 (cont’d) Year Region Renewable Energy Solar Energy Usage (%) Usage (%) 4 53 0.0% 0.0% 4 54 0.0% 0.0% 4 55 26.7% 1.0% 4 56 17.4% 0.0% 4 57 0.0% 0.0% 4 58 15.0% 15.0% 4 59 33.0% 0.0% 4 60 10.0% 0.0% 4 61 0.0% 0.0% 4 62 5.0% 0.0% 4 63 37.8% 0.0% 4 64 16.1% 4.0% 4 65 15.0% 0.0% 4 66 10.1% 0.0% 4 67 10.1% 0.0% 5 1 25.0% 0.0% 5 2 10.1% 0.0% 5 3 6.3% 0.9% 5 4 25.0% 1.5% 5 5 15.0% 0.3% 5 6 15.0% 15.0% 5 7 15.0% 0.3% 5 8 11.3% 0.0% 5 9 15.0% 0.0% 5 10 33.0% 12.0% 5 11 0.0% 0.0% 5 12 10.1% 0.0% 5 13 9.4% 0.2% 5 14 6.3% 0.3% 5 15 19.4% 13.4% 5 16 15.0% 0.3% 5 17 0.0% 0.0% 5 18 0.6% 0.0% 5 19 12.5% 0.5% 5 20 0.0% 0.0% 5 21 0.0% 0.0% 5 22 15.7% 0.0% 5 23 33.0% 0.0% 5 24 27.1% 1.5% 5 25 7.5% 0.2% 5 26 33.0% 0.0% 5 27 0.0% 0.0% 5 28 10.0% 0.0% 5 29 0.0% 0.0% 5 30 1.9% 0.0% 5 31 25.0% 21.3% 5 32 28.8% 0.0% 5 33 0.0% 0.0% 5 34 30.0% 2.7% 5 35 15.0% 0.0% 5 36 0.0% 0.0%

319

Table A-34 (cont’d) Year Region Renewable Energy Solar Energy Usage (%) Usage (%) 5 37 0.0% 0.0% 5 38 25.0% 0.0% 5 39 0.0% 0.0% 5 40 25.0% 0.0% 5 41 20.0% 2.0% 5 42 10.0% 0.0% 5 43 9.4% 4.3% 5 44 0.0% 0.0% 5 45 10.0% 0.7% 5 46 19.4% 13.4% 5 47 0.0% 0.0% 5 48 15.0% 0.0% 5 49 33.0% 0.0% 5 50 15.0% 6.9% 5 51 25.0% 5.9% 5 52 0.0% 0.0% 5 53 1.1% 0.0% 5 54 0.0% 0.0% 5 55 41.7% 1.0% 5 56 54.2% 0.0% 5 57 0.4% 0.0% 5 58 15.0% 15.0% 5 59 33.0% 0.0% 5 60 10.0% 0.0% 5 61 0.0% 0.0% 5 62 5.0% 0.0% 5 63 48.0% 0.0% 5 64 25.3% 19.3% 5 65 15.0% 0.0% 5 66 10.1% 0.0% 5 67 10.1% 0.0% 6 1 25.0% 0.0% 6 2 10.1% 0.0% 6 3 6.3% 0.0% 6 4 25.0% 1.5% 6 5 15.0% 0.3% 6 6 15.0% 15.0% 6 7 15.0% 0.3% 6 8 13.0% 0.0% 6 9 15.0% 0.0% 6 10 33.0% 13.0% 6 11 0.0% 0.0% 6 12 10.1% 0.0% 6 13 9.4% 0.2% 6 14 6.3% 0.3% 6 15 19.4% 13.4% 6 16 15.0% 0.3% 6 17 0.0% 0.0% 6 18 0.2% 0.0% 6 19 12.5% 0.5% 6 20 0.0% 0.0%

320

Table A-34 (cont’d) Year Region Renewable Energy Solar Energy Usage (%) Usage (%) 6 21 0.0% 0.0% 6 22 15.7% 0.0% 6 23 33.0% 2.2% 6 24 27.1% 1.5% 6 25 7.5% 0.2% 6 26 33.0% 0.6% 6 27 0.0% 0.0% 6 28 10.0% 0.0% 6 29 0.0% 0.0% 6 30 3.9% 0.0% 6 31 25.0% 25.0% 6 32 28.8% 0.0% 6 33 0.0% 0.0% 6 34 30.0% 2.6% 6 35 15.0% 0.0% 6 36 0.0% 0.0% 6 37 0.0% 0.0% 6 38 25.0% 0.0% 6 39 3.0% 0.0% 6 40 25.0% 0.0% 6 41 20.0% 2.0% 6 42 10.0% 0.0% 6 43 9.4% 3.6% 6 44 0.0% 0.0% 6 45 10.0% 0.4% 6 46 21.6% 15.6% 6 47 0.0% 0.0% 6 48 15.0% 0.0% 6 49 33.0% 0.0% 6 50 15.0% 6.8% 6 51 25.0% 5.7% 6 52 0.0% 0.0% 6 53 0.1% 0.0% 6 54 0.0% 0.0% 6 55 53.1% 1.0% 6 56 52.1% 0.0% 6 57 0.0% 0.0% 6 58 15.0% 15.0% 6 59 33.0% 0.0% 6 60 10.0% 0.0% 6 61 0.0% 0.0% 6 62 5.0% 0.0% 6 63 57.1% 0.0% 6 64 34.6% 28.6% 6 65 15.0% 0.0% 6 66 10.1% 0.0% 6 67 10.1% 0.0% 7 1 25.0% 0.0% 7 2 10.1% 0.0% 7 3 6.3% 0.0% 7 4 25.0% 1.5%

321

Table A-34 (cont’d) Year Region Renewable Energy Solar Energy Usage (%) Usage (%) 7 5 15.0% 0.3% 7 6 15.0% 15.0% 7 7 15.0% 0.3% 7 8 19.3% 0.0% 7 9 15.0% 0.0% 7 10 33.0% 13.3% 7 11 0.0% 0.0% 7 12 10.1% 0.0% 7 13 9.4% 0.2% 7 14 6.3% 0.3% 7 15 19.4% 5.8% 7 16 15.0% 0.3% 7 17 0.0% 0.0% 7 18 0.0% 0.0% 7 19 12.5% 0.5% 7 20 0.0% 0.0% 7 21 0.0% 0.0% 7 22 16.9% 0.0% 7 23 33.0% 0.0% 7 24 27.1% 1.4% 7 25 7.5% 0.2% 7 26 33.0% 8.3% 7 27 0.0% 0.0% 7 28 10.0% 0.0% 7 29 0.0% 0.0% 7 30 10.9% 0.0% 7 31 25.0% 24.9% 7 32 28.8% 0.0% 7 33 0.0% 0.0% 7 34 30.0% 2.6% 7 35 15.0% 0.0% 7 36 0.0% 0.0% 7 37 0.9% 0.0% 7 38 25.0% 0.0% 7 39 0.1% 0.0% 7 40 25.0% 0.0% 7 41 20.0% 2.0% 7 42 10.0% 0.0% 7 43 9.4% 2.9% 7 44 0.0% 0.0% 7 45 10.0% 0.9% 7 46 25.3% 19.3% 7 47 0.0% 0.0% 7 48 15.0% 0.0% 7 49 33.0% 0.0% 7 50 15.0% 5.7% 7 51 25.0% 5.5% 7 52 0.0% 0.0% 7 53 1.0% 0.0% 7 54 0.0% 0.0% 7 55 61.3% 1.0%

322

Table A-34 (cont’d) Year Region Renewable Energy Solar Energy Usage (%) Usage (%) 7 56 64.2% 0.0% 7 57 0.0% 0.0% 7 58 15.0% 15.0% 7 59 33.0% 0.0% 7 60 10.0% 0.0% 7 61 0.0% 0.0% 7 62 5.0% 0.0% 7 63 56.3% 0.0% 7 64 38.2% 32.2% 7 65 15.0% 0.0% 7 66 10.1% 0.0% 7 67 10.1% 0.0% 8 1 25.0% 0.1% 8 2 10.1% 0.0% 8 3 6.3% 0.0% 8 4 25.0% 1.5% 8 5 15.0% 0.3% 8 6 15.0% 15.0% 8 7 15.0% 0.3% 8 8 25.4% 0.0% 8 9 15.0% 0.0% 8 10 33.0% 13.1% 8 11 0.0% 0.0% 8 12 10.1% 0.0% 8 13 9.4% 0.2% 8 14 6.3% 0.3% 8 15 19.4% 6.3% 8 16 15.0% 0.3% 8 17 0.0% 0.0% 8 18 0.4% 0.0% 8 19 12.5% 0.5% 8 20 0.1% 0.0% 8 21 0.0% 0.0% 8 22 21.0% 0.0% 8 23 33.0% 0.0% 8 24 27.1% 1.4% 8 25 7.5% 0.2% 8 26 33.0% 10.3% 8 27 0.0% 0.0% 8 28 10.0% 0.0% 8 29 0.0% 0.0% 8 30 15.7% 0.0% 8 31 25.0% 25.0% 8 32 28.8% 0.0% 8 33 0.0% 0.0% 8 34 30.0% 2.5% 8 35 15.0% 0.0% 8 36 0.0% 0.0% 8 37 5.9% 0.0% 8 38 25.0% 0.0% 8 39 0.7% 0.0%

323

Table A-34 (cont’d) Year Region Renewable Energy Solar Energy Usage (%) Usage (%) 8 40 25.0% 0.0% 8 41 20.0% 2.0% 8 42 10.0% 0.0% 8 43 9.4% 2.3% 8 44 0.0% 0.0% 8 45 10.0% 2.4% 8 46 19.4% 13.4% 8 47 0.0% 0.0% 8 48 15.0% 0.0% 8 49 33.0% 0.0% 8 50 15.0% 7.1% 8 51 25.0% 5.3% 8 52 0.0% 0.0% 8 53 1.0% 0.0% 8 54 0.0% 0.0% 8 55 60.4% 1.0% 8 56 64.3% 0.0% 8 57 0.0% 0.0% 8 58 15.0% 15.0% 8 59 33.0% 0.0% 8 60 10.0% 0.0% 8 61 0.0% 0.0% 8 62 5.0% 0.0% 8 63 56.8% 0.0% 8 64 19.5% 13.5% 8 65 15.0% 0.0% 8 66 10.1% 0.0% 8 67 10.1% 0.0% 9 1 25.0% 0.0% 9 2 10.1% 0.0% 9 3 6.3% 0.0% 9 4 25.0% 1.5% 9 5 15.0% 0.3% 9 6 15.0% 14.9% 9 7 15.0% 0.3% 9 8 26.0% 0.0% 9 9 15.0% 0.0% 9 10 33.0% 12.5% 9 11 0.0% 0.0% 9 12 10.1% 0.0% 9 13 9.4% 0.2% 9 14 6.3% 0.3% 9 15 19.4% 6.8% 9 16 15.0% 0.3% 9 17 0.0% 0.0% 9 18 0.7% 0.0% 9 19 12.5% 0.5% 9 20 0.0% 0.0% 9 21 0.0% 0.0% 9 22 20.2% 0.0% 9 23 33.0% 1.9%

324

Table A-34 (cont’d) Year Region Renewable Energy Solar Energy Usage (%) Usage (%) 9 24 27.1% 1.4% 9 25 7.5% 0.2% 9 26 33.0% 11.1% 9 27 0.0% 0.0% 9 28 10.0% 0.0% 9 29 0.0% 0.0% 9 30 16.9% 0.0% 9 31 25.0% 24.9% 9 32 28.8% 0.0% 9 33 0.0% 0.0% 9 34 30.0% 2.5% 9 35 15.0% 0.0% 9 36 0.0% 0.0% 9 37 14.7% 0.0% 9 38 25.0% 0.0% 9 39 0.4% 0.0% 9 40 25.0% 0.0% 9 41 20.0% 2.0% 9 42 10.0% 0.0% 9 43 9.4% 1.8% 9 44 0.0% 0.0% 9 45 10.0% 0.6% 9 46 19.4% 13.4% 9 47 0.0% 0.0% 9 48 15.0% 0.0% 9 49 33.0% 0.0% 9 50 15.0% 6.5% 9 51 25.0% 5.2% 9 52 0.0% 0.0% 9 53 0.9% 0.0% 9 54 0.0% 0.0% 9 55 43.0% 1.0% 9 56 61.2% 0.0% 9 57 2.3% 0.0% 9 58 15.0% 15.0% 9 59 33.0% 0.0% 9 60 10.0% 0.0% 9 61 5.0% 0.0% 9 62 5.3% 0.0% 9 63 54.0% 0.0% 9 64 16.1% 10.1% 9 65 15.0% 0.0% 9 66 10.1% 0.0% 9 67 10.1% 0.0% 10 1 25.0% 0.0% 10 2 10.1% 0.0% 10 3 6.3% 0.0% 10 4 25.0% 1.5% 10 5 15.0% 0.3% 10 6 15.0% 14.6% 10 7 15.0% 0.3%

325

Table A-34 (cont’d) Year Region Renewable Energy Solar Energy Usage (%) Usage (%) 10 8 33.4% 0.0% 10 9 15.0% 0.0% 10 10 33.0% 12.1% 10 11 0.0% 0.0% 10 12 10.1% 0.0% 10 13 9.4% 0.2% 10 14 6.3% 0.3% 10 15 19.4% 4.6% 10 16 15.0% 0.3% 10 17 0.0% 0.0% 10 18 0.6% 0.0% 10 19 12.5% 0.5% 10 20 0.0% 0.0% 10 21 0.0% 0.0% 10 22 15.2% 0.0% 10 23 33.0% 3.5% 10 24 27.1% 1.3% 10 25 7.5% 0.2% 10 26 33.0% 22.5% 10 27 0.0% 0.0% 10 28 10.0% 0.0% 10 29 0.0% 0.0% 10 30 18.0% 0.0% 10 31 25.0% 14.6% 10 32 28.8% 0.0% 10 33 0.0% 0.0% 10 34 30.0% 2.5% 10 35 15.0% 0.0% 10 36 0.0% 0.0% 10 37 9.4% 0.0% 10 38 25.0% 0.0% 10 39 1.0% 0.0% 10 40 25.0% 0.0% 10 41 20.0% 2.0% 10 42 10.0% 0.0% 10 43 9.4% 1.3% 10 44 0.0% 0.0% 10 45 10.0% 0.0% 10 46 19.4% 13.4% 10 47 0.0% 0.0% 10 48 15.0% 0.0% 10 49 33.0% 0.0% 10 50 15.0% 4.5% 10 51 25.0% 5.0% 10 52 0.0% 0.0% 10 53 0.9% 0.0% 10 54 0.0% 0.0% 10 55 35.3% 1.0% 10 56 61.0% 0.0% 10 57 4.1% 0.0% 10 58 15.0% 15.0%

326

Table A-34 (cont’d) Year Region Renewable Energy Solar Energy Usage (%) Usage (%) 10 59 33.0% 0.0% 10 60 10.0% 0.0% 10 61 1.2% 0.0% 10 62 5.0% 0.0% 10 63 47.7% 0.0% 10 64 16.1% 10.1% 10 65 15.0% 0.0% 10 66 10.1% 0.0% 10 67 10.1% 0.0% 11 1 25.0% 0.0% 11 2 10.1% 0.0% 11 3 6.3% 0.0% 11 4 25.0% 1.5% 11 5 15.0% 0.3% 11 6 15.0% 14.3% 11 7 15.0% 0.3% 11 8 38.6% 0.0% 11 9 15.0% 0.0% 11 10 33.0% 11.8% 11 11 0.0% 0.0% 11 12 10.1% 0.0% 11 13 9.4% 0.2% 11 14 6.3% 0.3% 11 15 19.4% 10.0% 11 16 15.0% 0.3% 11 17 0.0% 0.0% 11 18 0.7% 0.0% 11 19 12.5% 0.5% 11 20 0.0% 0.0% 11 21 0.0% 0.0% 11 22 15.9% 0.0% 11 23 33.0% 9.6% 11 24 27.1% 1.2% 11 25 7.5% 0.2% 11 26 33.0% 9.9% 11 27 0.0% 0.0% 11 28 10.0% 0.0% 11 29 0.0% 0.0% 11 30 13.5% 0.0% 11 31 25.0% 19.0% 11 32 28.8% 0.1% 11 33 0.0% 0.0% 11 34 30.0% 2.5% 11 35 15.0% 0.0% 11 36 0.1% 0.0% 11 37 7.0% 0.0% 11 38 25.0% 0.0% 11 39 1.0% 0.0% 11 40 25.0% 0.0% 11 41 20.0% 2.0% 11 42 10.0% 0.0%

327

Table A-34 (cont’d) Year Region Renewable Energy Solar Energy Usage (%) Usage (%) 11 43 9.4% 0.8% 11 44 0.0% 0.0% 11 45 10.0% 0.0% 11 46 19.4% 10.5% 11 47 0.0% 0.0% 11 48 15.0% 0.0% 11 49 33.0% 0.0% 11 50 15.0% 4.5% 11 51 25.0% 4.9% 11 52 0.0% 0.0% 11 53 0.8% 0.0% 11 54 0.0% 0.0% 11 55 32.2% 1.0% 11 56 60.4% 0.0% 11 57 3.4% 0.0% 11 58 15.0% 14.5% 11 59 33.0% 0.0% 11 60 10.0% 0.0% 11 61 2.9% 0.0% 11 62 5.0% 0.0% 11 63 45.9% 0.0% 11 64 16.1% 10.1% 11 65 15.0% 0.0% 11 66 10.1% 0.0% 11 67 10.1% 0.0% 12 1 25.0% 0.0% 12 2 10.1% 0.0% 12 3 6.3% 0.0% 12 4 25.0% 1.5% 12 5 15.0% 0.3% 12 6 15.0% 14.4% 12 7 15.0% 0.3% 12 8 39.2% 0.0% 12 9 16.7% 0.0% 12 10 33.0% 10.8% 12 11 0.0% 0.0% 12 12 10.1% 0.0% 12 13 9.4% 0.2% 12 14 6.3% 0.3% 12 15 19.4% 4.9% 12 16 15.0% 0.3% 12 17 0.0% 0.0% 12 18 0.3% 0.0% 12 19 12.5% 0.5% 12 20 0.0% 0.0% 12 21 0.0% 0.0% 12 22 5.4% 0.0% 12 23 33.0% 0.0% 12 24 27.1% 1.3% 12 25 7.5% 0.2% 12 26 33.0% 18.4%

328

Table A-34 (cont’d) Year Region Renewable Energy Solar Energy Usage (%) Usage (%) 12 27 0.0% 0.0% 12 28 10.0% 0.0% 12 29 0.0% 0.0% 12 30 11.2% 0.0% 12 31 25.0% 20.8% 12 32 28.8% 0.0% 12 33 0.0% 0.0% 12 34 30.0% 2.5% 12 35 15.0% 0.0% 12 36 0.0% 0.0% 12 37 6.7% 0.0% 12 38 25.0% 0.0% 12 39 0.9% 0.0% 12 40 25.0% 0.0% 12 41 20.0% 2.0% 12 42 10.0% 0.0% 12 43 9.4% 0.5% 12 44 0.0% 0.0% 12 45 10.0% 0.0% 12 46 19.4% 6.5% 12 47 0.0% 0.0% 12 48 16.6% 0.0% 12 49 33.0% 0.0% 12 50 15.0% 4.5% 12 51 25.0% 1.6% 12 52 0.0% 0.0% 12 53 0.9% 0.0% 12 54 0.0% 0.0% 12 55 29.2% 1.0% 12 56 59.8% 0.0% 12 57 0.3% 0.0% 12 58 15.0% 15.0% 12 59 33.0% 0.0% 12 60 10.0% 0.0% 12 61 2.4% 0.0% 12 62 5.0% 0.0% 12 63 43.0% 0.0% 12 64 16.1% 10.1% 12 65 15.0% 0.0% 12 66 10.1% 0.0% 12 67 10.1% 0.0% 13 1 25.0% 0.0% 13 2 10.1% 0.0% 13 3 6.3% 0.0% 13 4 25.0% 1.5% 13 5 15.0% 0.3% 13 6 15.0% 14.4% 13 7 15.0% 0.3% 13 8 38.6% 0.0% 13 9 18.4% 0.0% 13 10 33.0% 11.1%

329

Table A-34 (cont’d) Year Region Renewable Energy Solar Energy Usage (%) Usage (%) 13 11 0.0% 0.0% 13 12 10.1% 0.0% 13 13 9.4% 0.2% 13 14 6.3% 0.3% 13 15 19.4% 4.0% 13 16 15.0% 0.3% 13 17 0.0% 0.0% 13 18 0.0% 0.0% 13 19 12.5% 0.5% 13 20 0.0% 0.0% 13 21 0.0% 0.0% 13 22 6.4% 0.0% 13 23 33.0% 7.6% 13 24 27.1% 0.9% 13 25 7.5% 0.2% 13 26 33.0% 10.2% 13 27 0.0% 0.0% 13 28 10.0% 0.0% 13 29 0.0% 0.0% 13 30 11.0% 0.0% 13 31 25.0% 12.5% 13 32 28.8% 0.2% 13 33 0.0% 0.0% 13 34 30.0% 2.5% 13 35 15.0% 0.0% 13 36 0.0% 0.0% 13 37 6.1% 0.0% 13 38 25.0% 0.0% 13 39 0.3% 0.0% 13 40 25.0% 0.0% 13 41 20.0% 2.0% 13 42 10.7% 0.0% 13 43 9.4% 0.1% 13 44 0.0% 0.0% 13 45 10.0% 0.0% 13 46 19.4% 4.8% 13 47 0.0% 0.0% 13 48 16.0% 0.0% 13 49 33.0% 0.0% 13 50 15.0% 5.8% 13 51 25.0% 1.5% 13 52 0.0% 0.0% 13 53 1.6% 0.0% 13 54 0.0% 0.0% 13 55 28.1% 1.0% 13 56 62.1% 0.0% 13 57 0.0% 0.0% 13 58 15.0% 14.5% 13 59 33.0% 0.0% 13 60 10.0% 0.0% 13 61 0.0% 0.0%

330

Table A-34 (cont’d) Year Region Renewable Energy Solar Energy Usage (%) Usage (%) 13 62 5.0% 0.0% 13 63 30.0% 0.0% 13 64 16.1% 10.1% 13 65 15.0% 0.0% 13 66 10.1% 0.0% 13 67 10.1% 0.0% 14 1 25.0% 0.0% 14 2 10.1% 0.0% 14 3 6.3% 0.0% 14 4 25.0% 1.5% 14 5 15.0% 0.3% 14 6 15.0% 13.0% 14 7 15.0% 0.3% 14 8 37.5% 0.0% 14 9 21.0% 0.0% 14 10 33.0% 10.3% 14 11 0.0% 0.0% 14 12 10.1% 0.0% 14 13 9.4% 0.2% 14 14 6.3% 0.3% 14 15 19.4% 4.0% 14 16 15.0% 0.3% 14 17 0.0% 0.0% 14 18 0.0% 0.0% 14 19 12.5% 0.5% 14 20 0.0% 0.0% 14 21 0.0% 0.0% 14 22 8.2% 0.0% 14 23 33.0% 0.0% 14 24 27.1% 1.2% 14 25 7.5% 0.2% 14 26 33.0% 13.1% 14 27 0.0% 0.0% 14 28 10.0% 0.0% 14 29 0.0% 0.0% 14 30 1.1% 0.0% 14 31 25.0% 13.1% 14 32 28.8% 0.0% 14 33 0.0% 0.0% 14 34 30.0% 2.5% 14 35 15.0% 0.0% 14 36 0.0% 0.0% 14 37 0.0% 0.0% 14 38 25.0% 0.0% 14 39 0.4% 0.0% 14 40 25.0% 0.0% 14 41 20.0% 2.0% 14 42 11.5% 0.0% 14 43 9.4% 0.0% 14 44 0.0% 0.0% 14 45 10.0% 0.0%

331

Table A-34 (cont’d) Year Region Renewable Energy Solar Energy Usage (%) Usage (%) 14 46 19.4% 4.0% 14 47 0.4% 0.0% 14 48 19.2% 0.0% 14 49 33.0% 0.0% 14 50 15.0% 7.4% 14 51 25.0% 1.5% 14 52 0.0% 0.0% 14 53 0.7% 0.0% 14 54 0.0% 0.0% 14 55 26.6% 1.0% 14 56 8.2% 0.0% 14 57 2.5% 0.0% 14 58 15.0% 14.5% 14 59 33.0% 0.0% 14 60 10.0% 0.0% 14 61 0.0% 0.0% 14 62 5.0% 0.0% 14 63 30.0% 0.0% 14 64 16.1% 10.1% 14 65 15.0% 0.0% 14 66 10.1% 0.0% 14 67 10.1% 0.0% 15 1 25.0% 0.0% 15 2 10.1% 0.0% 15 3 6.3% 0.0% 15 4 25.0% 1.5% 15 5 15.0% 0.3% 15 6 15.0% 13.9% 15 7 15.0% 0.3% 15 8 37.1% 0.0% 15 9 36.4% 0.0% 15 10 33.0% 10.1% 15 11 0.0% 0.0% 15 12 10.1% 0.0% 15 13 9.4% 0.2% 15 14 6.3% 0.3% 15 15 19.4% 4.0% 15 16 15.0% 0.3% 15 17 0.0% 0.0% 15 18 0.0% 0.0% 15 19 12.5% 0.5% 15 20 0.0% 0.0% 15 21 0.0% 0.0% 15 22 0.5% 0.0% 15 23 33.0% 18.7% 15 24 27.1% 1.2% 15 25 7.5% 0.2% 15 26 33.0% 5.0% 15 27 0.0% 0.0% 15 28 10.0% 0.0% 15 29 0.0% 0.0%

332

Table A-34 (cont’d) Year Region Renewable Energy Solar Energy Usage (%) Usage (%) 15 30 2.0% 0.0% 15 31 25.0% 12.7% 15 32 28.8% 0.0% 15 33 0.0% 0.0% 15 34 30.0% 2.5% 15 35 15.0% 0.0% 15 36 0.6% 0.0% 15 37 0.0% 0.0% 15 38 25.0% 0.0% 15 39 0.0% 0.0% 15 40 25.0% 0.0% 15 41 20.0% 2.0% 15 42 10.0% 0.0% 15 43 9.4% 0.0% 15 44 0.0% 0.0% 15 45 10.0% 0.0% 15 46 19.4% 4.0% 15 47 0.0% 0.0% 15 48 15.0% 0.0% 15 49 33.0% 0.0% 15 50 15.0% 6.2% 15 51 25.0% 1.5% 15 52 0.0% 0.0% 15 53 0.7% 0.0% 15 54 0.0% 0.0% 15 55 21.3% 1.0% 15 56 14.8% 0.0% 15 57 2.0% 0.0% 15 58 15.0% 15.0% 15 59 33.0% 0.1% 15 60 10.0% 0.0% 15 61 0.0% 0.0% 15 62 5.0% 0.0% 15 63 30.0% 0.0% 15 64 16.1% 10.1% 15 65 27.8% 0.0% 15 66 10.1% 0.0% 15 67 10.1% 0.0%

333