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Evaluation of Local Nature Reserves COMMISSIONED REPORT Commissioned Report No. 174 Evaluation of Local Nature Reserves (ROAME No. F05AB03) For further information on this report please contact: Alistair Whyte Scottish Natural Heritage Caspian House Clydebank Business Park CLYDEBANK G81 2NR Telephone: 0141–951 4488 E-mail: [email protected] This report should be quoted as: Land Use Consultants (2006). Evaluation of Local Nature Reserves. Scottish Natural Heritage Commissioned Report No. 174 (ROAME No. F05AB03). This report, or any part of it, should not be reproduced without the permission of Scottish Natural Heritage. This permission will not be withheld unreasonably. The views expressed by the author(s) of this report should not be taken as the views and policies of Scottish Natural Heritage. © Scottish Natural Heritage 2006 COMMISSIONED REPORT Summary Evaluation of Local Nature Reserves Commissioned Report No. 174 (ROAME No. F05AB03) Contractor: Land Use Consultants Year of publication: 2006 Background A Local Nature Reserve (LNR) is a protected area of land designated by a local authority because of its special local natural interest and/or educational value. Today there are 41 LNRs in Scotland, considerably fewer than in England and Wales. In 2000 SNH published ‘Local Nature Reserves in Scotland – A Guide to their Selection and Declaration’. This set out SNH’s policies on LNRs, made clear and expanded their role, and also clarified the designation process. This report explores the effectiveness of the LNR designation in Scotland by identifying the success and failures of LNRs to date, especially in relation to broader policy areas such as greenspace, community participation, and environmental and social justice. It also investigates the reasons behind the currently low number of LNRs in Scotland. This information is used to provide recommendations as to how the value of the LNR designation can be enhanced and further supported by SNH. Main findings ● Most existing LNRs are delivering a good range of benefits, contributing to environmental and biodiversity improvements and providing opportunities for access, education and enjoyment. However links to policy sectors such as health, social inclusion, community regeneration and economic development are not being fully incorporated in to designation and management at present. ● The reasons for the relatively low number of LNRs in Scotland include a lack of specific funding, concerns about future resourcing (including in terms of staff time and maintenance support), and lack of awareness of their special role and status. It also reflects the lack of a common national framework for identifying and bringing forward new LNRs. ● LNRs are not being widely recognised as a unique and valuable designation, resulting in a lack of active support. Many local authority policy officers are not aware that they have a different level of statutory ‘weight’ attached to them than other types of sites, including SINCs. There are also mixed views on the value and role of LNRs from within SNH. Some officers feel they should only be established in areas with intrinsic natural heritage value, whilst others recognise the scope they provide for enhancement even in areas which currently lack natural heritage interest at present. There is scope to encourage a greater number of LNRs in Scotland but in order to achieve this there is a need to clarify and promote their role, status and benefits. As such additional national guidance setting the role of LNRs within the wider greenspace agenda would be useful. Also key to ensuring enhanced benefits is the need for local authorities and SNH to work more closely with other stakeholders such as local communities, the enterprise network and the health sector. However pivotal in the future success of LNRs is the identification of an appropriate ‘LNR champion’ within local authorities who can assure that appropriate positive significance is attached to this local designation. For further information on this project contact: Alistair Whyte, Scottish Natural Heritage, Caspian House, Clydebank Business Park, Clydebank G81 2NR Tel: 0141–951 4488 For further information on the SNH Research & Technical Support Programme contact: The Advisory Services Co-ordination Group, Scottish Natural Heritage, 2 Anderson Place, Edinburgh EH6 5NP Tel: 0131–446 2400 or [email protected] Scottish Natural Heritage Commissioned Report No. 174 (ROAME No. F05AB03) Executive summary Background This report explores the effectiveness of the LNR designation in Scotland by identifying the success and failures of LNRs to date, especially in relation to broader policy areas such as greenspace, community participation, and environmental and social justice. It also investigates the reasons behind the currently low number of LNRs in Scotland. This information is used to provide recommendations as to how the value of the LNR designation can be enhanced and further supported by SNH. Main findings The following key findings emerged from the research: ● The relatively low number of LNRs in Scotland is attributable to a number of key factors, including a lack of specific funding, concerns about future resourcing (including in terms of staff time and maintenance support), and lack of awareness of their special role and status. It also reflects the lack of a common framework for identifying and bringing forward new LNRs. ● Management plans are often out of date, and those which do exist lack a sense of vision that reflects the wide range of benefits the designation could provide. Whilst they can be a useful tool for environmental aspects of site management, it is proposed that they could play a greater role in supporting applications for funding. ● A number of policy sectors, particularly health, social inclusion, community regeneration and economic development are not being linked to the management or designation of LNRs as fully as possible. ● Despite this, most existing LNRs are delivering a good range of benefits, providing a sustainable balance between contributing to environmental and biodiversity improvements and providing opportunities for access, education and enjoyment. ● LNRs are not being widely recognised as a unique and valuable designation, resulting in a lack of active support for them in development plans. Many local authority policy officers are not aware that they have a different level of statutory ‘weight’ attached to them than other types of sites, including SINCs. ● Development plans are not actively supporting existing LNRs, and appear to be missing an opportunity to strategically evaluate scope for additional sites within local authority areas. There is also a potential role for greenspace audits and strategies to play, as well as a need for greater recognition of LNRs within LBAPs. ● There are mixed views on the value and role of LNRs from within SNH. Some officers feel they should only be established in areas with intrinsic natural heritage value, whilst others recognise the scope they provide for enhancement even in areas which currently lack natural heritage interest at present. In addition, SNH officers are unclear about how they can inspire local authorities and community groups to designate additional areas, and have concerns about scope for contributing to their management as a result of resource constraints. ● The funding of LNRs is a key factor in their designation and their long term success in meeting policy aims. Overall there is a widespread concern about levels of funding available for LNRs, particularly in relation to taking on additional sites. This relates to both difficulties in securing revenue over the long term to cover maintenance and management costs, and more specifically, the potential for reduced funding if additional LNRs are designated. Scottish Natural Heritage Commissioned Report No. 174 (ROAME No. F05AB03) Recommendations In order to set a new course of action for taking LNRs in Scotland forward over the coming years, several recommendations emerged as a result of the research. 1. There is a need to clarify the role, status and benefits of LNRs. 2. There is scope for wider promotion of their benefits, in order to inspire additional designations and ensure that all partners understand their contribution. 3. Additional national guidance, which sets LNRs within wider greenspace planning frameworks, should be provided. 4. There is a need to clarify the role of SNH staff in identifying additional LNR sites and supporting local authority and community groups within management processes. 5. SNH and local authorities should continue to work with community groups to achieve management aims and enhance the contribution which they could potentially make to drawing in additional resources. 6. Health sector partners should be targeted and actively encouraged to contribute to LNR development and management. 7. Similarly, there is scope to work more with the private sector and local enterprise network in order to secure resources and achieve a wider range of benefits through LNRs. 8. It would be useful to provide additional information on funding, together with specialist support for existing and potential LNR partners from within SNH. Further guidance on management plans, which recognises their potential role in securing funding, would also be beneficial. 9. Finally, within local authorities it would be useful to identify champions to lead the development of LNRs and identify additional sites for designation, whilst actively promoting cross sectoral working. Scottish Natural Heritage Commissioned
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