CRUSTACEA: TANAIDACEA

Magdalena BŁAŻEWICZ -PASZKOWYCZ UNIVERSITY OF ŁÓDŹ, DEPARTMENT OF INVERTEBRATE ZOOLOGY AND HYDROBIOLOGY LABOROATORY OF POLAR BIOLOGY AND OCEANOBIOLOGY, LODZ, POLAND [email protected]

Roger N. BAMBER (Artoo, UK), Piotr JOZWIAK (UL), Rob N. JENNINGS (University of Massachussets) & Krzysztof PABIS (UL) Tanaidacea – what they are?

• small • marine • b enthic • cosmopolitan coral reefs, estuaries, algal turfs, hydrothermal vents, mud volcano, polymetalic nodules... contra TANAIDACEA

4 3 2 1 3 4 5 6 5 2 6 7 1

• seven free pereonites • six free pereonites • subchela • chela ISOPODA contra TANAIDACEA

• more than one pleonite fussed with • one pereonite fussed with thorax thorax • oxygen exchange in branchial • oxygen exchange by pleopods chamber • valves • no valves

ISOPODAISOPODA contracontra TANAIDACEA TANAIDACEA Diversity of TANAIDACEA

Błażewicz-Paszkowycz et al. 2012 Diversity of TANAIDACEA

Terebellatanais floridanus Suárez-Morales, 2011

Suárez-Morales et al. 2011 Diversity of TANAIDACEA parasite

Exspina typica Lang, 1968

Alvaro et al. 2011 Tanaidacea in soft sediments

Gulf of Cadiz ~ 500 m

aggregation of tanaid tubes

low abundance

aggregation of polychaete tubes

photo: Marina DaCunha TANAIDACEA - systematic (suborders) Previous

Apseudomorpha Neotanaidomorpha

Tanaidomorpha TANAIDACEA - systematic (suborders) Recent

Apseudomorpha Tanaidomorpha Neotanaidomorpha

Neotanaoidea Tanaoidea Paratanaoidea Tanaidacea in World Ocean

1302 species described + a thousand undescribed ± 40 000 species may occur in the World Ocean*

Apseudomorpha Neotanaidomorpha Tanaidomorpha 4%

41% 55%

* (Appeltans at al. 2012) others Sphyrapodidae

Kalliapseudidae

APSEUDOMORPHA

others Tanaopsidae Leptocheliidae Tanaidae

Tanaellidae Colleeidae incertae sedis TANAIDOMORPHA Agathotanaidae Tanaidacea in SOUTHERN OCEAN number of tanaid records per depth*

* Based on accesible literature and unpublished data (hp://.usm.edu/iwp_home.html)

Błażewicz-Paszkowycz (2014) Tanaidacea Kuril-Kamchatka Trench

Species cumulaon curve Number of species present (gear :GKG; depth 5600-6100 m) in 1, 2, 3… 12 staons

(Błażewicz-Paszkowycz et al. 2014) TANAIDACEA (suborders)

Tanaidomorphan tubes cavolinii - brooding behaviour

manka

Johnson & Attramadal, 1982 • tube building life style

• no planktonic stage

• immobile juvenile (manca)

Tanaidacea have limited dispersal potenal

Potenally ideal indicators of the environmental condions TANAIDACEA – problem with males 1. ‘TERMINAL’ male 2. ‘JUVENILE’ male

e.g. Agathotanaidae

Neotanais krappschickelae 3. ‘SWIMMING’ male

Nototanais dimorphus Peraeospinosus n.sp. Problem of being (tanaid) male

1 4

2 5

3 6 1 Problem of being (tanaid) male Typhlotanaidae 4

2 Agathotanaidae

Akanthophoreidae 5 Cryptocopodidae 3 6

? Typhlotanaidae Mating tactic e.g. female mimicry hypothesis Tanaidacea of Pacific & Clairon-Cliperton Fracture Zone Apseudomorpha diversity

others 6% Sphyrapodidae 6%

Pagurapseudidae 10% Apseudidae 35%

Kalliapseudidae 10%

Parapseudidae 18% Metapseudidae 18% Apseudidae Sphyrapodidae Tanaidomorpha family diversity

others 6% Tanaopsidae 2%

Anarthruridae 3% Leptocheliidae 13% Leptognathiidae 5%

Akanthophoreidae 6% Tanaidae 11%

Tanaellidae 7%

Typhlotanaidae 11% Colleeidae 7%

Pseudotanaidae 7% incertae sedis 8%

Agathotanaidae 7% Paratanaidae 7% Tanaidacea of Clarion-Clipperton Fracture Zone

Cheliasetosatanais spinimaxillipedus Larsen & Araujo-Silva, 2014 Paranartrurella sp. fam: Colleeidae fam.: incertae sedis Tanaidacea of Clarion-Clipperton Fracture Zone

Agathotanais sp. Agathotanais Agathotanais manganus ahyongi Larsen, 1999 Larsen, 1999 Tanaidacea of Clarion-Clipperton Fracture Zone

Stenotanais arenasi Stenotanais hamicauda Larsen & Araujo-Silva, 2011 Bird & Holdich, 1984 Tanaidacea of Clarion-Clipperton Fracture Zone

Typhlotanais froufusae Larsen & Araujo-Silva, 2014 IceAGE (Icelandic marine : Genetic and Ecology) Senckenberg Research institute-University of Iceland; September 2011

supranet

codend

epinet COI SEQUENCES

IceAGEIceAGE – 141 COI sequences - 112 GenBank - 29 COI sequences

IceAGE = 4.8 x more COI sequences

is cool! collecting and preservation

• codend – washed with water precooled to 4˚C • sieve 0.3 mm • preserved in ethanol precooled to -20˚C • stored in -20˚C • ethanol exchanged aer 24 hours • samples sorted on ice • cool chain*

* At each stage (collecng, washing, preserving, storing, idenfing, transporng etc.) the sample/ material has been kept cold

Riehl et al. (2014) Neotanaidomorpha COI; phyml maximum likelihood

Apseudomorpha

Tanaoida Tanaidomorpha

Paratanaoida Tanaidacea IntKey – Spała 2013

DELTA – DEscription Language for Taxononomy http://delta-intkey.com/

Thanks are due to KIOST and ISA for organising and hosting Thank you for your attention