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The Annals of Valahia University of Târgovişte, Geographical Series, Tome 4-5, 2004-2005 _______________________________________________________________________________________ SOME CONSIDERATION CONCERNING THE MANAGEMENT AND UTILIZATION OF WATER RESOURCES FROM BUZAU RIVER BASIN. Diana Mihaela Cocai* Cuvinte cheie: gospodărirea apei, potenţialul resurselor de apă, bilanţul cantitativ al apei, potenţialul hidroenergetic, construcţii hidroenergetice, bazinul Buzăului Abstract: The water like resource and environmental factor is needed for any aspect of life and for any economical and social activities, and the management of this represents an integrator branch of national economy. Water resources from Buzau basin proceed from water surfaces as well as from underground. They are used for population, industry, irrigations, livestock, pisciculture, e.g. In concordance with estimate balance sheet is noticed deficits in summer time in Magura and Banita sections. In 2002 year, taking into account the ratio effectives necessities / drawings is not recorded sections with water deficits on the Buzau river. This could be a consequence of debit decreased taking over from surfaces source by the economical agents compared with regulate middle debit considered in estimate balance sheet. On the fluently water from Buzau river hydrographical basin could be meet hydroenergeticals constructions, but their efficiency are disputable. General considerations The hydrographic area of the Buzau river with a surface of 5264 kmp, it’s written down on varied units of relief and they are traversed of Buzau river with a length of 302 km, having the origin in the mountain zone, at the altitude of 1250m and the confluence with the Siret - the plain zone at the 8m height. The hydrographic area of the Buzau river includes the three steps of relief represented by mountains (38,6%), hills (28,07%) and plain (33,33%). The relief from the content of the Buzau area is treated at a middle height. The maximum elevations are in the superior sector of the river, where they can reach a height of 1668m in the Siriu massif and 1773 in the Penteleu massif. The principled characteristics of the Buzau Mountains are given of the elevations under the 1700m (prevalent between 1400m - 1200m), the fragmentation of a hydrographic net(work) which it surpass the line of the great elevations (Buzau, Basca Mare, Basca Mica), forming the transverse valleys from the greatest ones, the unfolding of the massifs in the contact zone between the charpathian fundament and the one of the green schists in a fragmental area with/in blocks. The Buzau river receives in the mountain zone his principled tributaries Basca Mica and Basca Mare reunited in Basca Rozilei. The hydrographic area climate of the Buzau river is temperate – continental, the steps of relief also like his position at the Charpathians curvature imposing three types of clime and that is the mountain’s clime, the hill’s clime and the plain’s clime. The geographic position, the relief and the varied clime of this hydrographic area determine a rich and varied vegetation which is group in bio -geographic complexes and floors. There are sub – alpine bushes, resinous forests of boreal type with the net prevalence of the common spruces , the forests of sub – atlantic type from the domain of the beech, the common oak forests and mixed of central – continental type, all belonging to the dacian bio – geographic province. In the plain evolve the veldt and the forestry – veldt, which it forms the prolongation of the pontiff bio – geographic province. In the distribution of the vegetation interviewed much and the human, in the conclusion the deforestations took to the chancing to the natural landscape on the great surfaces. In the present, the total surface of the forest gist in the hydrographic area of the Buzau river is of 2083 kmp, representing 39,6%. Kinegetic fauna is rich and especially varied. * Ministry of Environment and Water Management 162 The Annals of Valahia University of Târgovişte, Geographical Series, Tome 4-5, 2004-2005 _______________________________________________________________________________________ Archaeology discovery testifies the human presence in the perimeter of the hydrographic area since 4000 years ago and the Buzau river is mentioned from 372 year under the name of Mousaios (Buzau – monograph, 1980). The water supply of the Buzau river is complex. The superior course of a mountain river, the middle one passes through a divagation plain, a region very arid. I. Ujvari distinguishes two types of alimentation: - Zp – s – characteristic type for the piedmont regions and the Romanian Plain, from which it make part rivers with nivo – pluvial and subterranean moderate alimentation; - Pz – s – characteristic type for the rivers with pluvio – level and subterranean moderate alimentation, with great waters in march and april and with flash flood in may – june, sometimes even in august. The Buzau leads annually in Siret 69.343.000m3 collected water from 5.505km2. Maxim debits are made in august – september – november, and the minimals in the drought period. The biggest wastage is attained after the confluence with Basca at the Nehoiu post. The biggest value of the wastage is achieved in the spring, and the smallest in the winter. In rapport with the physiquo – geographic complex we can separate three sectors of outlet: the overlapped sector of the sub – charpathian region with middle wastage reducer and the one which corresponds of the plain and piedmont region, where the wastage has the smallest values. Making the calculus of the hydrological balance sheet, after Lvovici, we observe, through the wastage coefficient, that the mountain regions are marked with a value of 0,4 – 0,5, the superficial wastage grows in the same time with the altitude, representing about 80% from the medium annual wastage. Fig. 1. Hydrographic Basin of the Buzau River. Water management map The theoretical and usable potential of the water resources from subterranean and of surface. For having a relevant image over the alimentation with the drinkable and industrial water we have to do, in the first time, a evaluation of the theoretical and usable potential of 163 The Annals of Valahia University of Târgovişte, Geographical Series, Tome 4-5, 2004-2005 _______________________________________________________________________________________ the resources water from the subterranean and of surface, as well as the of planning – allotment and those utilization (tables no.1 and 2). Table no.1 Water resources Theoretical resources The usable resources adequate to the present degree (thousands mc) of the arragement of the Buzau hydrographic area (thousands mc) in the 2000 year Surface waters 829.397 95.400 ( 69.400 reg.nat. + 26.000 Siriu) Subterranean waters 211.300 120.000 The Danube - - TOTAL 1.040.697 215.400 Table no.2 Requests and drawings Population Industry Irrigations Zootechny Pisciculture Total Surface 2.400 6.496 11.850 - 7.780 28.526 Request Subterranean 24.220 14.562 25 850 - 39.657 (thousands m3) The Danube - - - - - - Total 26.620 21.058 11.875 850 7.780 68.183 Surface 1.964 2.641 17.047 - 1.403 23.055 Drawings Subterranean 21.452 11.087 65 636 - 33.240 (thousands m3) The Danube - - - - - - Total 23.416 13.728 17.112 636 1.403 56.295 Drawings 88 65 144 75 18 83 /requests% In the table no.1 are mentioned the theoretical and usable volumes of water (of surface and subterraneans). We observe that the utilizables one’s are under the one’s planned to be allocated in the 2000 year. From the total of the usable resource of 215.400 thousands m3, in the 2000 year (table 1), there were allocated for the uses from the hydrographic area Buzau a volume of 63.961 thousands m3 and a volume of 4.222 thousands m3 planned to be changed for the uses from the hydrographic area Olt, so it’s a total - allocation of 68.183 thousands m3, representing 31,7%. At the level of the year we presented, from the water volume programmed through allocation, there were effectively drawing a volume of 52.598 thousands m3 for the hydrographic area Buzau and 3.697 thousands m3 were removed into the hydrographic area Olt, so it’s a realized total - allocation of 56.295 thousands m3, meaning 82,6%. In the table no. 2 are detailed the requests and the drawings on uses categories from which it results that they are in a big part under the drawing cote excepting the one’s essentials for the irrigations. The quantitative balance sheet of the water The balance sheet of the quantitative administration of the waters was made, having like the end an analysis of the water requests of the uses. The calculus were made taking the next elements into account: the medium requests of the uses - at the level according to regulations acts; the water resource - the medium monthly debits in the natural regime (the minimum stock in the summer months); the Siriu lack of accumulation - with an existent volume in intermediary hypothesis. 164 The Annals of Valahia University of Târgovişte, Geographical Series, Tome 4-5, 2004-2005 _______________________________________________________________________________________ We analyze the balance sheet in three sections - The Charpatians(Nehoiu), The Under - Charpatians(Magura) and the Romanian Plain(Banita), this balance sheet is differentiated.(table no.3) According the balance sheet calculus, synthesized in the table 3, we see deficits in the summer period in the Magura and Banita sections.Those deficits are correcting through compensation with the defluent debits on the river from the Siriu accumulation. In the present, at the Siriu accumulation, because o technical situations, the accumulation cote is maintaining at 540 mdM, what that it’s meaning a useful volume of aprox. 20,60 mil. m3. Table no.3 The characterization of the quantitative survey of the water administration Sections - on the Buzau river Survey on a row values 0.

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