An Interview with Ruth Zakarian, Miss Teen USA 1984

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NATIONAL HEALTH MAGAZINE JANUARY, 1984 $2.00

HOW OLD ARE YOU, REALLY? THE THERAPY OF C Answers to the most common dental problems IF I DRINK WATER THAT CONTAINS SODIUM FLUORIDE OR USE A FLUORIDE TOOTHPASTE WILL MY TEETH BE 100 PERCENT OF DENTAL DECAY?

If you drink water containing one part sodium suffering from some old-fashioned myths. Do fluoride to one million parts of water, brush your you know your dental fact from fiction? Check it teeth after each meal with a stannous-fluoride out in the new Life & Health supplement, the toothpaste, and use dental floss between the Dental Health Special. Six different, fully illus- teeth, you can have up to 65 percent less tooth trated articles on personal dental care make this decay, but not 100 per- r handy booklet a great cent. However, if you Get the facts straight about teeth. Order your copy of reference guide for the a. also limit your between- the Dental Health Special. entire family. meal sweets and see your Please send me copy(s) of the new Dental Health Special. I have enclosed my check or money order for US$.70 per dentist regularly, your copy. chances of preventing the other 35 percent are Name good. Address

Myths still exist City State Zip The prevention of tooth Please mail this to: Periodical Dept., Review and Herald Publishing Association, 55 West Oak Ridge Drive, Hagerstown, decay is just one aspect of MD 21740. dental care that is still Price subject to change without notice.

CONTENTS

Miss Teen USA 1984 What to Look for 21 Ralph Blodgett in a Nursing Home Ruth Zakarian, of Amsterdam, James E. Redmon, M.D., New York, got to be Miss Teen and Jane M. Thibault, M.S.S.W. USA almost by accident. Choosing a nursing home for an older parent can be a very difficult task. If this should be your responsibility, this article will help.

• Page 16 Hearing Aid Hall of Fame 16 G. Thomas Bishop Sometimes cumbersome, some- Page 8 times quaint, always inade- quate, hearing aids of the past How Old Are You, Really? 11 point up the efficiency of today's Barbara Giles, Ph.D. models. Do you sometimes feel older than your years? This article has Page 24 a health inventory that will help you discover if you actually are. The Therapy of Cooking 24 Arlene White Price Though perhaps not thought of as being therapeutic, cooking has proved a valuable treatment for emotionally disturbed people. Page 18 The Rest Cure 18 HEALTHWATCH 5 Goldie Down TWO-MINUTE TALKS Delightful, she thought, as she Page 11 rested between crisp sheets. Nothing to do, nothing to worry "I Can Hear! I Can Hear!" 14 about, nothing to disturb me for Crandall SA Doris C. three whole days. Then— It was such a simple procedure • that gave the author's hearing back to her. •

Page 26 CLARA'S KITCHEN 26 • BOOKSHELF 28 THE LAST WORD 30 Page 14 Page 21

A MANUSCRIPTS: We consider unsolicited manuscripts, provided they meet certain requirements. Generally, submissions may be up to seven double-spaced typewritten pages. Articles should be health oriented, properly researched, scientifically documented, and written in an interesting style for nonprofessionals. Emphasis is on prevention. Only those articles accompanied by a self-addressed and stamped reply envelope are returned. Consumer Safety: An attempt is made to screen those products and services that are felt to be harmful, but the companies that advertise take actual responsibility for their products or services. Advertising: YOUR LIFE AND HEALTH accepts advertisements that are compatible with the aims and objectives of the journal. Those wishing to advertise should submit advance data on copy and product to the Marketing and Advertising Department. Braille: Selections are available in Braille. Write to YOUR LIFE AND HEALTH, P.O. Box 6097, Lincoln, Nebraska 68506. Change of Address: Please use the change-of-address form on page 30 of this magazine. A Subscription Price: U.S. currency: $16.95, one year. Single copy: $2.00. Prices may vary where national currencies differ and are subject to change without notice. YOUR LIFE AND HEALMI (ISSN 0279-2680) is published monthly and copyrighted ®1983 by the Review and Herald Publishing Association, 55 West Oak Ridge Dnve, Hagerstown, Maryland 21740. Phone (301) 791-7000. Second-class postage paid at Hagerstown, Maryland. Postmaster: send form 3579 to same address. Vol. 99, No. 1. All rights reserved. Title registered in U.S. Patent Office. The owner is the General Conference of Seventh-day Adventists.

COVER PHOTOGRAPH BY DAVID W GORDON SHAKE THIS AD AS FAST AS YOU CAN.

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roads were fewer, and their A government report chal- verities, their commitments, lenges the study that contrib- were considerably more firm." uted to the new table on the —News release, Michael grounds that the study did not Reese Hospital and Medical separate smokers and non- Center, 2816 South Ellis Ave., smokers. Government Chicago, Illinois 60616. researchers say they will con- 4 tinue to rely on the old 1959 tables.—Newsletter, Presi- Calcium lowers dent's Council on Physical Fit- blood pressure ness and Sports, June, 1983. Sufficient calcium consumption may help to prevent high blood pressure, according to a study at Johns Hop- kins University. In a twenty-two-week study of fifty-seven healthy young persons aged 18 to 35, some received high-calcium sup- plements, while others were given a placebo. Results showed a 9 percent reduction in blood pressure for men and Mid-life crisis, an American a 7 percent reduction for women. problem According to Dr. Jose Villar, Middle-age crisis is strictly a was so common an occur- of the university's School of Elderly need rest modern American problem rence that people were not as Hygiene and Public Health, after eating • that stems from our preoccu- frightened of it as they are the calcium study stemmed pation with life stages, now, when death is not met from an examination of Central Elderly people should lie according to a historian. every day. American Indians, who show down or sit for a while after Speaking at a conference 2. The progressive loss of virtually no incidence of eating, suggests a study con- on adulthood sponsored by physical strength and vitality hypertension. He noted that ducted at Boston's Hebrew the Department of Psychiatry with age is contrary to the the Indians have a high cal- Rehabilitation Center for the at Michael Reese Hospital and emphasis on youth and fit- cium intake from the lime used Aged. The reason: Blood Medical Center, Chicago, Dr. ness. in preparing corn tortillas. pressure of the elderly drops • John Demos said Americans 3. The decline in sexual "High calcium intake, which significantly for an hour after today are too preoccupied interest and activity is threat- is associated with lower blood meals. This—combined with with age. ened by one's children's pressure, may produce a pro- other stresses and drugs that In Colonial days most peo- achieving the height of their tective effect against hyper- depress blood pressure— ple didn't even know how old sexuality. tension," said Dr. Villar. could cause brief blackouts, they were, the Brandeis Uni- 4. A sudden confrontation He cautioned, however, that resulting in bone-breaking versity professor said. He with one's inner life and per- no single dietary factor can falls. Physicians who con- explained that when our nation sonality is often traumatic. prevent high blood pressure. ducted the study also recom- was young, children were Men shift from their active, "Its control is a combination of mended that doctors consider thought of as "little adults." assertive orientation to a more several factors," he said, "and instructing patients to take Only old people, probably passive one, while women until we have more conclusive medicine after the meal, rather because they were so rare, shift from being passive to data, people should make than before it. were categorized. being more assertive. sure they get the regular daily —U.S. News & World Report, "In studying this matter for 5. "A larger process of requirements of all nutrients, Aug. 1, 1983. early New England, I made the reassessment of the life one including calcium." astonishing (to me) discovery has lived so far, with a view —Health Insurance News, that many people in that time toward some reshuffling and 1850 K Street NW., Washing- Toxic Type? and place did not know—or reordering for the time that still ton, D.C. 20006. did not care—exactly how old lies ahead." I wouldn't say he was cantan- A they were," Demos said. A major difference in the A nkderolus Dr. Demos listed five of the lives of middle-aged Ameri- New weight table don't his character reasons for the current anxiety cans then and now, Demos misleading? question, about middle age. said, is the dimension of But I'm sure whatever's eating 1. A heightened level of choice. "For our Colonial Controversy surrounds the him concern about one's own ancestors the middle years new Metropolitan Life Insur- Is suffering from indigestion! death. In Colonial times, death were easier because life's ance Company's weight table. —Ruth M. Walsh

ILLUSTRATION BY TOM DUNBEBIN / PHOTOGRAPH BY DAVID OUINNAM YOUR LIFE AND HEALTH-JANUARY 1984 5 ALTI-1 WATCI-1 .4 Growing hair on Diet now and in bald heads early 1900s It's really true, scientists at Americans' diet is very dif- Tulane Medical Center are ferent now compared to the growing hair on bald heads. In early 1900s, says the Health a study being conducted at Insurance Association of the center and other centers in America (HIAA). the United States, researchers Today, the average Ameri- • are testing a drug called min- can eats one third more fat and oxidil as a treatment for early, 17 percent fewer carbohy- progressive male and female drates. While approximately pattern baldness. It's working. the same number of calories Long used as an oral medi- is consumed each day, they cation for hypertension, min- comprise a different combina- oxidil's side effects included tion of nutrients and foods. the growth of unwanted hair in Consumption of fresh fruits conspicuous places in both is down, while that of proc- males and females. the pain wakes the child up at essed foods (canned, frozen) Researchers asked, Why Children's night. is up. Vegetables, especially shouldn't it stimulate the same "excuse" to avoid Heartburn is a second ail- canned and frozen, have growth on the scalp? ment that may flare up at night. increased in popularity since "So far, yes, minoxidil is school may be Signs of heartburn include 1919. Fresh vegetable con- working," says Dr. James real thing pain in the upper stomach and sumption, while achieving an Storer, associate professor of lower chest, near the sternum, overall increase since 1919, dermatology and director for Stomachaches have long or a burning sensation in the has dropped since the World the five-month-old study. "Hair been a favorite excuse for chest and a sour taste in the War II peak of 113.5 pounds is being grown." youngsters who would like a mouth. per person per year. The application of minoxidil day off from school, but a If a child consistently com- Meat consumption, particu- does not cause a dramatic Tulane Medical Center physi- plains of pain, he should see a larly poultry, has risen, but the overnight growth of new hair, cian says parents should not doctor. Then the parents can amount of beef and veal eaten says Dr. Storer. The new hair dismiss such complaints too rule out any significant ill- recently declined. first appears as very fine blond lightly. nesses that may threaten the The HIAA study also found "peach fuzz." In time it According to Gordon L. child's health, says Dr. Klein. that Americans are ingesting becomes pigmented and Klein, assistant professor of But complaints of a stomach- more caloric sweeteners than grows in diameter and length. pediatrics and a specialist in ache once in a while should ever before. In fact, from 1976 While hair growth is more gastroenterology, "Most pain not cause excessive anxiety. to 1981, wholesale sales of dramatic in some than others, that children complain about is —News release, Tulane Medi- sugared soda nearly doubled, even the skeptics among the real pain. Even if no cause is cal Center, Medical Center from $10.4 billion to $20 billion. volunteers are becoming con- found, the child should be Relations, 1430 Tulane Ave- —Health Insurance News, vinced that minoxidil may given the benefit of the doubt." nue, New Orleans, Louisiana 1850 K Street NW., Washing- work. Although abdominal pain in 70112. ton, D.C. 20006. —News release, Tulane Medi- schoolchildren is usually cal Center, Medical Center benign, says Dr. Klein, a small Relations, 1430 Tulane Ave- percentage could indicate nue, New Orleans, Louisiana serious disorders such as 70112. acute appendicitis, bladder infection (especially in girls), ulcers, or esophagitis (heartburn). In young girls, bladder problems are a common problem, says Dr. Klein. Ulcers, though usually associated with the stress and tension of adulthood, are found in children more often than previously thought, the doctor says. If a child com- plains of chronic pain associated with eating, it may indicate an ulcer. But a more important indicator is whether

6 YOUR LIFE AND HEALTH-JANUARY 1984 PHOTOGRAPH BY DAVID OUINNAM

TWO-MINUTE TALKS about health matters realize. And children's sense Drinking in half of of what the world is all about is derived almost exclusively fatal smashes from television. Alcohol is a factor in more Muggeridge also states that than half (about 55 percent) of the media have played an all fatal traffic accidents, says influential part in encouraging the American Council of Life drug abuse of all kinds. People Insurance. "have been persuaded ... that The National Highway Traf- . . . visions and strange fic Safety Administration esti- thoughts and things that come mates that there will be some 2 to them when they're stupefied million motor vehicle acci- with drugs are mystical and dents this year attributable in transcendental." This, Mug- part to alcohol usage. About geridge suggests, is one rea- A Fatal Breakdown 24,000 to 27,000 people will son why so many get involved by Allan R. Magie, Ph.D., M.P.H. be killed—and 700,000 in drug abuse. injured—in these alcohol- "I think," he adds, "one of The biological mechanism unknown. There are, however, related accidents. the- worst things Americans that helps protect us from certain groups of individuals —Life Insurance News Data, have ever given the world is contracting illnesses is the who are at greater risk of 1850 K Street NW., Washing- the phrase 'the pursuit of hap- body's immune system. When developing the condition. ton, D.C. 20006. piness.' Many people pursue it does not function properly, These high-risk groups are this to the point of taking and serious illness often results. homosexual males, intrave- encouraging others to take A recently recognized medi- nous drug users, people who destructive drugs in order to cal condition—acquired im- require multiple blood trans- be happy." mune deficiency syndrome fusions, and Haitian immi- 0 —News release, Listen maga- (AIDS)—illustrates the seri- grants. • zine, 6830 Laurel Street NW.. ousness of just such a break- Because AIDS has an • Washington, D.C. 20012. down. The severity of the dis- extremely high fatality rate— ease and the many almost two of every five victims unanswered questions sur- die—early detection is Americans and rounding AIDS and its cause extremely important. There is sickness have attracted the attention of no known cure. public health and medical Individuals should seek The average American was professionals throughout the immediate medical attention if disabled 19.1 days during United States. any of the following AIDS- 1981, according to National What makes the disease so associated symptoms or signs Health Interview Services. Dis- feared is that once the condi- develop: ability days refer to both tem- tion develops, its victims 1. Unexplained rapid porary and long-term reduc- become susceptible to a vari- weight loss. tion of a person's activity. The ety of "opportunistic" infec- 2. Persistent diarrhea hav- TV gives four types of disability days tions. These are illnesses that ing no apparent cause. distorted are restricted-activity, bed- might not otherwise be a threat 3. Swollen or tender lymph disability, work-loss and to individuals whose immune nodes lasting for more than world picture school-loss days, and they are system is functioning properly. four weeks. Television is "a sort of fan- reported in association with Kaposi's sarcoma, a rare 4. Unexplained shortness tasy version of what's hap- specific acute and chronic cancer, and Pneumocystis of breath, usually with a dry pening. You cannot . . . conditions. The rate is similar carinii pneumonia, a parasitic cough, lasting for a month. through looking at your televi- to the rate for 1980 and 1979. infection of the lung, are pres- 5. Intermittent high fever or sion ... come to grips with real Limitation of activity refers to ently the most serious dis- night sweats. life, because what you see is long-term reduction in activity eases associated with AIDS. 6. Appearance of one or not life, it's a fantasy—it's only resulting from chronic disease Other opportunistic infec- more purple bumps on the a picture." This statement by or impairment. The 1981 NHIS tions associated with AIDS skin surface. Malcolm Muggeridge, well- produced an estimate of 14.4 include yeast infections, toxo- 7. Marked change in nor- known British commentator percent of the population lim- plasmosis (another parasitic mal illness pattern. and philosopher, appears in ited in activities as a result of infection), large herpes ulcers, Prevention is the only sure an interview in the June, 1983, one or more chronic condi- and serious cytomegalovirus safety from AIDS. Avoid activi- issue of Listen magazine. tions. This estimated rate has infections. However, it's ties associated with high-risk "A great danger," Mug- remained essentially level in important to recognize that groups. geridge adds, "is that people the period from 1978 to 1981. many otherwise healthy per- believe the picture more than —National Center for Health sons may also suffer from the written or spoken word." Statistics, Public Health Serv- these diseases in the absence Produced by the Health-Temperance Department of the General Conference He points out that pictures can ice, Hyattsville, Maryland of AIDS. of Seventh-day Adventists as a com- be distorted more than people 20782. The exact cause of AIDS is munity service.

ILLUSTRATION BY DENNIS FERREE YOUR LIFE AND HEALTH—JANUARY 1984 7

An Interview With Ruth Zakarian, Miss Teen USA 1984 Miss Teen USA speaks out on drugs, smoking, divorce, teen-agers, the home, and the importance of religion for a happier life. by Ralph Blodgett

f you spot a black Mazda RX7 So I mailed in the application. The each of the eleven judges. During the bearing a vanity plate reading contest headquarters sent more paper interviews, the judges evaluated the "TEEN USA," more likely than not work to fill out, and I sent it in. Then they contestants on poise, self-confidence, you're passing through the small called me and did an interview over the taste, and intelligence. town of Amsterdam, New York (located phone, and then had me fill out a Q. According to the U.S. Surgeon Gen- about twenty-five miles northwest of biography and send pictures. eral, the number one health problem in Albany)—the home of Ruth Zakarian, Finally, after about two months of the United States is smoking. What do 1984 Miss Teen USA. correspondence, they told me I was you think causes teen-agers to begin The brown-haired, brown-eyed 17- accepted. Altogether, about eight hun- smoking? year-old won the title as the most dred girls applied for the New York State A. I think it stems primarily from peer admired teen-ager in America last contest, but they accepted only seventy- pressure. In fact, the real problem is that August 30 in Lakeland, Florida. Miss two as contestants. smoking involves a basic weakness in Zakarian (affectionately known as Q. What criteria did the judges use for character—an unwillingness to think on Ruthie by her friends) successfully beat the national pageant in Florida? your own, to do what you know is best. fifty other selected teen-age girls from A. The contest involved three areas of A lot of kids are afraid to be themselves, around the country in the nationally competition: the evening gown compe- afraid of being laughed at, afraid of being televised Miss Teen USA Pageant. The tition, the bathing suit competition, and ridiculed. r crown she won included prizes and a five-minute personal interview with Q. Do you feel that marijuana should scholarships worth $100,000. In elementary school Ruth had dreamed of a modeling career. "Then I found out I was too short," the five- foot-two-inch 105-pound teen-ager told me. "Most models are at least five inches taller." Today Ruth lives with her mother and stepfather, Bonnie and Ralph Vindas; two brothers, Albert, 19 (who has a band), and Jack, 14 (a computer hob- byist); a sister, Beth, 11 (who plays an electric guitar); and four cats. She attends Fulton-Montgomery Commu- nity College, majoring in psychology. Q. Ruth, what first inspired you to enter the Miss Teen USA contest? A. My brother worked at a printing shop last summer, and one of the jobs they received involved applications for the Miss New York Teen USA contest. That night he brought home an application blank and said, "You should enter this."

Ralph Blodgett is associate editor of These Ruth Zakarian's hometown, Amsterdam, New York, gave her a rousing homecoming Times Magazine. from Florida.

PHOTOGRAPH BY JOHN FORTE PHOTOGRAPH BY E. J. CONZOLA II/AMSTERDAM RECORDER YOUR LIFE AND HEALTH-JANUARY 1984 9 be legalized? buy something they really don't need, A. I think a lot of people jump into A. Definitely not, because I've seen and soon the parents give in to the marriage before they really know each what it does to people. I've seen kids children, because they don't want to other. And after they are married they with a tremendous amount of talent, hear the noise. When parents do this find out what their mate is really like and , with bright personalities, turn into peo- they are telling their kids that this is OK, maybe they don't like what they find. ple who don't care about anything. They that they can get what they want as long Also, sometimes they simply marry too become lazy and irresponsible. And I've as they cry for a while. Parents don't young, and when they grow up they end known some who have gone on from realize that basically this is a form of up growing apart from each other marijuana to cocaine and other drugs. manipulation. instead of closer. Q. Besides peer pressure, what do you Q. A lack of communication is said to Q. How can parents planning on get- think causes kids to experiment with be the number one problem between ting a divorce keep that experience from 4 drugs? teen-agers and parents. How can par- hurting young children in their home? A. Loneliness. A lot of teen-agers don't ents help teen-agers communicate their A. I think they have to sit down, just as realize the outlets available, that people problems to them? they would for anything else, and will listen to them and are willing to help A. Well, I think parents should commu- explain the actual situation. The biggest them. They feel everybody is against nicate to their teen-agers that they are problem with divorce is trying to hide them and then magnify their problems there to listen and to be friends and that what is actually going on. If they would and become lonely. if they give advice they are not forcing explain the situation in a logical, normal Q. According to the latest evidence, anything on them. Parents should let manner it would be less traumatic on the fifty-five thousand people die in car teen-agers know that they don't have to kids. accidents each year. At least 50 percent be afraid of the consequences, that they Q. Do you have any special diet as a of these deaths attributable to alcohol won't punish them for things they beauty contestant? involve teen-agers. What do you feel reveal. A. Well, not really. However, I don't should be the age when teen-agers are Q. Do you think it's wrong for teen- generally eat very much red meat. For allowed to drink? agers to have sexual relations before one thing, I feel that it has a lot of toxins A. I'm not sure on the age, but I really marriage? in it. It's harder to digest than regular don't think teen-agers should be allowed A. Yes, definitely. I don't feel teen-agers food. Also a lot of new findings show to drink and drive. In the past year I are physically or mentally capable of that we can get sufficient protein from know of eight friends who died in four handling that kind of situation. I don't nonmeat sources. car wrecks as a result of drinking. The feel they are emotionally ready. Q. You mentioned God earlier in our accidents were similar—the teen-agers Q. What do you feel about the contro- interview. Does religion play a major or had all come from a party or a bar and versial subject of abortion? minor part in your life? were very intoxicated. In three accidents A. That's a hard one because I have a lot A. It plays a very important part. God they hit trees at a fast speed. In the of mixed feelings about abortion. Per- has always been a comfort to me, and as fourth they went off the road. The sonally I don't agree with it because I feel kids we were brought up to view religion accidents were very, very gory. The that it is murder. But then again I don't as a fun part, a comfortable part, of our drivers ranged from 17 to 21 years of age. agree with child abuse that stems from lives. We were never taught to fear God, Q. What do you think is the greatest unwanted children. For myself, though, you know—hell and damnation. We mistake parents make when rearing I would never have an abortion, because were reared as part of a family unit that, kids? I feel that our children are a gift from with other family units, enjoyed Chris- A. Many parents are too lenient with God. tian camping and other fun Christian their children. They let their kids do Q. You came from a home that experi- activities and sports. whatever they want. Like at a grocery or enced a divorce. What factors do you Q. Some say that organized religion, department store, the kids whine a lot to feel contribute to divorce? insitutionalized religion, turns off young people. What is wrong with some churches today, and how can churches better reach teen-agers? A. I think a lot of young people feel that religion involves only black and white— that you do this wrong and you go to hell, or you do this right and you go to heaven. Teen-agers need to know that many issues are gray, not just black or white. And they need to use their own minds more in making decisions on moral issues. About churches reaching young people, I think churches need to have more activities involving youth, and then have people there who care about young people and who can befriend the teen- ager. Q. Now that you've won the Miss Teen USA contest, what do you look forward A to next? A. Well, for having won the Miss Teen 1 USA Pageant, I am automatically an official delegate-at-large in the Miss USA Miss Teen USA 1984 (right) admires a baby tiger with a friend at Cypress Gardens, contest next May. I think that will be a Florida. fun experience.

1 0 YOUR LIFE AND HEALTH-JANUARY 1984 PHOTOGRAPH BY PHILLIPS PHOTOGRAPHERS How Old Are You, Really? Your birthdate may not tell you your real age at all. by Barbara Giles, Ph.D.

ou may be older or younger cal age is younger than your calendar change your life style, eliminating the than you think. Each person has years, you can expect good health and aging things that you are doing, and a chronological and a medical age. probably a lengthy life. thus perhaps add years of enjoyment to yYour chronological age—the Gerontology research centers have your life. Also, you can improve your number of years you have clocked— demonstrated some basic facts about the looks—take off excess weight you may may vary tremendously from your medi- aging process. They have found that if have and remove a lot of wrinkles--just cal years. you look old for your age, you are by taking a few steps in the right If you are medically older than your basically aging faster. They have also direction. years, you can expect to look older, feel discovered that the more educated you Our body is made up of millions of older and, unfortunately, have a short- are, the more likely you are to age more cells, each with a limited life existence. ened life span. Also, you may be prone slowly and enjoy better health longer. The division of these cells is vital for the to suffer serious illnesses. If your medi- People who get plenty of exercise are normal development, growth, and usually medically younger than people repair of the body. Barbara Giles writes from Black Mountain, of the same age who do not. I suggest the "fountain of youth" is in North Carolina. She and her husband, Carl, Can you do anything to slow the the foods we eat—the vitamins and are a writing team with 16 books and over process of aging if your medical age minerals we consume. Working 2,000 magazine articles to their credit. surpasses your calendar age? You can together, these food elements have a

PHOTOGRAPH BY DAVID B. SHERWIN YOUR LIFE AND HEALTH-JANUARY 1984 1 1 total effect greater than the sum of the eration. Less than six hours and more you lithe and limber throughout practi- effects taken independently. than nine hours nightly are associated cally all of your life. with high mortality rates and poor • Weight is a tired-out subject from all Medical age, calendar age health in general. the attention it has received. Neverthe- One way to determine whether your • Don't smoke—not even a few ciga- less, about two thirds of all Americans medical and chronological ages are at the rettes a day. Smoking does unfortunate are still overweight. The healthiest peo- same levels is to conduct your own things to your body, inside and out. ple, it seems, are those who are slightly personal health inventory. It will tell you Those who have never smoked show the underweight or no more than 19 percent how old you are medically. If your lowest death rates in research studies. above their ideal weight. When you go medical age exceeds your calendar age, it Those who smoke two packs and up run over the 20 percent mark in excess is probably a lot later than you think. the highest risks of dying at an early age, pounds, you enter the high-risk area. It 4 And I'm not just talking about wrinkles. and not with a painless disease. And can literally kill you. The same is true if Your body is a well-designed smoking definitely hurts your skin, you are 10 percent or more underweight. machine, capable of repairing and pro- making it dry and wrinkle prone. It is just as dangerous to be too skinny as tecting itself. It doesn't stop just because • Exercise is of the utmost importance. too heavy. it is damaged or has a breakdown; it has You can't sit and rock and expect to live • Eating habits play an important role to have a massive breakdown before it to a ripe old age. Rocking is for those in determining how long and how well completely stops functioning. Then, of who have already reached their peak you live. Erratic eaters are more prone to course, you die. But like all complex years. You must exercise regularly—no suffer physical disorders than those who machinery, it has to be well maintained hit and miss on this. It has to be daily, or eat regularly each day. Nutrition experts and used properly on a daily basis. at least four times a week for a bare have found that always eating breakfast Health researchers have found a num- minimum. Aerobic activity is best is one of the most healthful habits you ber of habits that definitely affect how because you not only work up a sweat can develop. It helps prevent your long and how well you live. and burn off calories, but it causes you to blood-sugar level dropping about mid- • Between seven and eight hours of take in more oxygen, which is beneficial morning, leaving you with little energy sleep each night is best for body regen- for all your organs. Such exercise keeps to make it through the day. HEALTH HAZARD APPRAISAL Check yourself out on the following health inventory* and find how old you are. Directions: Enter the score numbers indicated ( — 3, + 6, — 12, et cetera), on the proper lines under + and — . Subtract the lower number in each section from the higher to calculate the section total. When you have finished the inventory, follow instructions at end of survey on how to estimate your medical age.

[Section I.] average home life ( — 6); average home HOW YOU LIVE INVENTORY life (0); too much tension and quar- rels—family fighting usually ( + 9). + — 4. Job situation: Above average ( — 3); 1. Temperament: Easygoing—doesn't average (0); below average ( + 6). get upset easily or very often ( — 3); 5. Smoking: Have never smoked average—isn't too calm or too tense (0); ( — 6); an occasional smoker (0); smokes nervous and anxious most of the regularly 20 cigarettes—one pack each time—easily upset ( + 6). day ( + 12); heavy smoker, consuming 2. Exercise: Works at a job that 40 or more cigarettes each day ( + 24); requires a lot of physical activity or has smokes marijuana daily ( + 24). a sedentary job with a regular exercise 6. Alcohol: Never drinks ( — 6); mod- program at least four times weekly erate—less than two beers or 2 ounces ( — 12); has a sedentary job with only of hard liquor daily ( + 6); heavy drinker moderate but regular exercise (0); ( + 24). works at a sedentary job with no 7. Eating: Consumes low-fat foods regular exercise ( + 12). ( — 3); consumes a lot of bulky foods 3. Home situation: Home atmosphere ( — 3); eats a lot of meat—three times is usually pleasant—better than the daily ( + 6); consumes more than 2 pats of butter each day ( + 6); drinks more * This personal inventory is based on a large amount of research done than 4 cups of coffee, tea, or colas daily by such authorities as Dr. Gary Borkan, of the Veterans Administration ( + Normative Aging Study, Boston, Massachusett's, and Drs. Lewis C. 6); usually adds salt at the table Robbins and J. C. Hall, of Indiana University. ( + 6).

12 YOUR LIFE AND HEALTH-JANUARY 1984 8. Driving: Drives no more than [Section III.] 20,000 miles each year ( - 3); drives less than 20,000 miles each year, and wears FAMILY HISTORY INVENTORY a seat belt sometimes (0); drives a lot 1. Mother: If she is alive and more more than 20,000 miles each year than 73 years old ( - 3); if alive and ( + 12). under 68 or dead after 68 years (0); if 9. Drugs: Uses street drugs regularly she died of causes not accidental before ( + 36). the age of 73 ( + 3). TOTAL 2. Father: If he is alive and over 68 years old ( - 3); if he is alive and under 68 or dead after the age of 68 (0); if he died of causes other than accidental [Section II.] before the age of 68 ( + 3). 3. Marriage: If you are married (0); if YOUR BODY'S unmarried and over age 40 ( + 6). PERSONAL INVENTORY 4. Home location: Large city ( + 6); 1. Weight: How much did you suburb (0); farm or small town ( - 3). weigh at 20? If you now weigh as TOTAL much as 20 pounds over your weight at age 20, give yourself a + 6 (this means + 6 for each 20 pounds you are exceed- ing your ideal weight); a gain of fewer [Section IV.] than 10 pounds ( - 3). FOR WOMEN ONLY 2. Blood pressure: If you are under 40 1. Do you have a family history of years of age and it is above 130/80 breast cancer in mother or sisters? If so, ( + 12); if you are over 40 years old and it score + 6. is above 140/90 ( + 12). 2. Do you examine your breasts 3. Cholesterol: If you are under 40 monthly? If so, score - 6. years old, and cholesterol is above 220 ( + 6); if you are over 40 years old and 3. Do you have a yearly breast exam cholesterol is above 250 ( + 6). by a physician? If so, score - 6. 4. Do you have a pap smear yearly? 4. Heart noise: Not an "innocent" noise ( + 24); history of rheumatic fever If so, score - 6. along with a heart murmur ( + 48). TOTAL 5. Pneumonia: Have you had bacte- rial pneumonia more than three times in your life? If so, score + 6. [YOUR SCORE] 6. Asthma: (+ 6). List totals from all sections of the 7. Rectal polyps: (+ 6). inventory 8. Diabetes: The type that develops during the adult years ( + 18). 9. Depressions: Severe and frequent ( + 12). 10. Medical checkups: Complete TOTALS ( - 12), partial ( - 6). (Regular checkups Total of + and - are in reference to well people who Current age (place on have complete examinations at the frequencies of: 60 and up, every year; each line) 50-60, every 2 years; 40-50, every 3 Totals for each years; 30-40, every 5 years; 25-30, as column required for jobs, insurance, military, Add together the two final columns, divide by college, and the like. twelve, subtract the last figure from your current TOTAL age. This will give you your medical age.

YOUR LIFE AND HEALTH-JANUARY 1984 13 "I Can Hear! I Can Hear!" After many years of deafness, an almost unbelievably simple procedure restored hearing. by Doris C. Crandall

bout two years ago my already- I was one in two hundred hole in your eardrum repaired by tym- quiet world sank into a world of When I awoke from the anesthetic, I panoplasty. I wondered why the doctor whispers. When the loud tele- knew I was that one. I was lying with my hadn't suggested this procedure for my phone bell I'd had installed right ear against the pillow. My hus- right ear. when I first lost most of my hearing rang, band, Richard, was bending over me. "Won't you mend that hole?" I asked. it sounded like a kitten purring. His lips were moving, but I heard no "It's too risky," he said. "Suppose the In May, 1962, the mastoid cells in my sound. The auditory nerve in my left ear nerve in your ear died during the left ear became infected and wouldn't was dead. surgery? I wouldn't take that chance, respond to antibiotics. I underwent a My left ear had been my best ear and I don't think you would." mastoidectomy—a scraping away of because as a child I'd had frequent colds "No, I wouldn't," I replied without infected bone until healthy cells are with accompanying pain in my right ear. hesitation. "Is there no option then?" reached—and tympanoplasty. I know now that I had a common ear The doctor looked serious. "At pres- Tympanoplasty is an operation per- infection called otitis media. Cold viruses ent there is no hearing aid that will help formed to restore hearing by repairing contribute to the development of this your type of loss, but advancement with damage to the tympanic membrane, or inflammation of the middle ear which hearing aids is being made rapidly. by replacing it with a thin layer of can, and in my case did, result in hearing "I suggest you take care of the hearing connective tissue. My doctor said statis- loss. you have left. Don't put anything into tics showed that only one in two hun- My left ear compensated to some your ear; no cotton swabs, water, sham- dred people who had the operation lost extent for the hearing loss in my right poo, or hair spray. Protect it from loud the hearing in the operative ear. ear—until I had the mastoidectomy. noises. Don't even sit under a hair dryer. After that I could hear only a little, and I And don't blow your nose hard; blot the constantly misunderstood words. My drainage when you have to. Sneeze with doctor said my right eardrum was a field your mouth wide open." Doris C. Crandall lives in Amarillo, Texas. of scar tissue, and the tympanic mem- She has written a number of articles that have brane was again perforated. Loss of self-confidence appeared in magazines and newspapers. Of course I knew you could have a During the next thirteen years,

•

037,,er, because I missed so much of what went When the consultant said that I must the reports back to me." on around me, I lost confidence in wear the aid only a short time daily until The tests showed I had abnormal myself. Mostly I stayed home and I got used to it, I was impatient. But I middle ear function and a significant looked after our two sons. followed his orders. high-frequency loss. A normal tympan- People with normal hearing depend The hearing aid was a tremendous ogram makes a mountainous peak on on the sounds their children make to help. I sang its praises to people I knew the chart. The line on my graph was know, without looking, whether they who had hearing losses, and encouraged almost flat. I took the report back to the are all right. I couldn't do that. I had to be them to get one for themselves. None doctor. where I could see them. That meant a lot would. They gave these silly (I thought) of legwork and little time for my own reasons: "It would make me look old," "I A paper patch needs. couldn't stand having something in my "Your right eardrum has a tiny perfo- Even so, I took good care of my right ear all the time," "It would be as bad as ration in it. I'll put a paper patch over it to ear. Whenever I felt I was on the point of help promote healing." catching a cold, I sought antibiotics to I was astounded. I didn't know my help prevent infections. Still there were Because of hearing eardrum could be patched with paper, many times during the course of a cold and I asked him to explain the procedure that my right ear would pop, and I'd difficulties I lost to me. notice a marked decrease in my hearing. "The patch is tobacco paper thin, But two to three weeks later, I'd hear confidence in myself. about one-fourth inch in diameter, and is "pop-pop-pop" inside the ear, and the used mostly on a small perforation of the hearing, to some degree, would return. eardrum. It is placed on the outer surface I had loud bells installed on the trying to wear false teeth," and "I can of the drum and forms a scaffolding for telephone and doorbell. When we had hear OK." the regenerating tissue to grow over. visitors I turned off all appliances to keep Using an aid isn't like hearing nor- "Eventually, the ear will slough the the background noise to a minimum so I mally, of course, but it's a good substi- patch off. By that time the rupture could hear better. I had regular health tute. At last I could hear and understand should be healed. Although I can't checkups and pestered the doctor for words spoken within an eight-foot dis- promise it'll work for you, it's certainly news of the invention of a hearing aid tance of me, and I could hear noises worth trying." that would help me. coming from another room. Being able to I agreed. I was ready to try almost Finally, in August, 1975, I learned of a hear the children's noises saved me a lot anything. bypass hearing aid. My doctor sent me to of steps. It took only a few seconds for the an audiologist, who evaluated my hear- During the next six years I wore my doctor to place the dot that looked like ing and prescribed an aid designed for hearing glasses every day. Gradually I the circle of paper from a paper punch, me. regained some self-confidence. But except thinner, over the hole in my I selected a hearing-aid consultant and because I couldn't depend on my right eardrum. gave him the prescription. I believe I was ear—it continued its spasmodic spells of Immediately I could hear! In fact, the most eager customer he'd ever had. popping and repopping—I still dreaded sounds were so loud that I cringed. He explained how the bypass hearing participating in social activities. "Sounds won't seem natural for a aid works. Then one morning I was alone in the while," the doctor said in what seemed A tiny microphone is installed in each house. Things are too quiet, I thought. The like a booming voice. specially designed earpiece of a pair of usual household noises; the sound of That didn't matter to me. I wanted to eyeglasses. A wire runs from the micro- our forced-air heating system, the buzz dance and sing and shout to the world, phone in one earpiece, through plastic of the icemaker when water runs into the "I can hear! I can hear!" frames, to the microphone in the other cube molds, the creaks of the house Gradually, noises and voices became earpiece. A small, curved plastic tube is caused by the wind, were all strangely more natural sounding. Four months connected to one of these micro- absent. The telephone rang several times later the paper patch fell out of my ear. I phones—in my case, the right one—and before I realized the soft purr I was just could hear better than I had in more than inserted into the ear canal. The aid is barely hearing was really the usually twenty years. designed to pick up sounds in one loud telephone bell. Suddenly my world I can't express to you the wonder I feel microphone a split second before it was whispering to me because my of being in the kitchen and hearing and reaches the other, and make it seem as if hearing was all but gone. Never before understanding what Richard and our one is hearing sounds in the deaf ear. had it been that bad. boys say to me from the den 30 feet My aid was also made so that it When Richard came home for lunch, away, or at hearing the raindrops' pitter- amplified only the tones I couldn't hear he telephoned my doctor. The doctor patter on the roof. Even the crash of well. I had difficulty hearing the high was out of town, so Richard made an thunder during a storm is a miracle to tones, such as a woman's voice. The aid, appointment with a specialist in ear, me, and a mockingbird's imitating a by amplifying only the high tones, nose, and throat diseases for the next bobwhite from a tree way out in our evened out the sounds and helped me to morning. backyard gives me a distinct thrill. understand words better. Richard went with me to the doctor's Except when I'm in a crowd, where office. The doctor shined his little light many people are talking simultaneously, I could hardly wait into my ear and took a long look. He I don't need my hearing aid. And best of I could hardly wait the two weeks it studied my medical history sheet and all, the doctor assured me that if my took the hearing-aid manufacturer to then directed me to a clinical audiologist eardrum again perforates he'll put make up my eyeglass frames with the whose office was in the same building. another paper patch on it. That promise hearing aid in them. Then I went to an "The audiologist will do an impedance restored my confidence in myself. Now optometrist, had my eyes retested (I was audiometry (a test that measures middle I'm reaching out in all directions. I go already wearing glasses for myopia), ear function) and a tympanogram (a places, and I join in conversations. and new glass placed in the frames. graph of impedance audiometry)," the I can hear, and my world is once When they were finished, I was ecstatic. doctor said. "When he's finished, bring again—well, noisy, and wonderful.

ILLUSTRATION BY HELCIO DESLANDES YOUR LIFE AND HEALTH-JANUARY 1984 15 Hearing Aid Hall of Fame Some quaint and curious devices were utilized in the past to help the hard of hearing. by G. Thomas Bishop

n the more than one hundred years royalty, but also all rustic ear trumpets of friends interested in antiques or nostal- since Richard S. Rhodes obtained the 1800s. gia who are also interested in hearing U.S. patent number 219,828 for a It's reasonable to nominate likely aids? Ask them to name different kinds fanlike device "aiding the deaf to hearing-aid inductees for that special of hearing aids from past to present. hear" (the acoustic fan of 1879) hard-of- place in history now because future Then show them the pictures in this hearing consumers have been offered advances in technology may render the article and tell them a little about each gadgets from acoustic shells the size of a device obsolete. In the future people device. fist to transistorized aids the size of a with a hearing loss will receive It's possible you may come across thumbnail. implanted microcircuits to replace some of these hearing aids already By virtue of their uniqueness or popu- damaged tissue. reposing in a museum or curio shop. If larity, some hearing aids will occupy a Perhaps by the year 2000 a child might you do, pay silent homage to the inven- niche in a hearing-aid hall of fame. be asking a grandparent, "What's that tive minds that, by their initiative and Future generations of antique connois- tiny little tan thing in your little old box craftsmanship, endeavored to amplify seurs and museum curators will avidly in the attic?" sound to overcome the barriers of deaf- bid for possession, while curious souls The grandparent will smile and say ness. And you may want to silently will yearn for a glance, not just at a with a wink, "That's the hearing aid I honor also the courage of the people jeweled "London dome" used by British wore in 1982. Now they've got one like it who wore the hearing aids, despite in the Smithsonian!" stares and, perhaps, taunts. G. Thomas Bishop is a photographer and Do you know someone who wears, or So hear ye, hear ye! Here's a sneak free-lance writer living in Colonial Heights, has worn, a hearing aid, or do you have preview of the hearing aid hall of fame. Virginia.

Acoustic Fan (c. 1879) Since fans for ladies were quite popular around this time, manufacturers capitalized on the vanity of Telescopic Ear Trumpet their coat or whatever. Notice the hard-of-hearing people, and offered (mid-1800s) small curved tip that fits into the ear this acoustic fan (sometimes called canal. This allowed the fluted end of an audiphone). the trumpet to face the person Obstensibly, a lady with this fan For a long time the ear trumpet has speaking. With the speaker's face in might seem to be casually nibbling its symbolized deafness. This particular full view, the trumpet wearer could edge during a performance of, say, model (extended length, 101/2 utilize whatever lipreading ability he Othello. Actually, she was using her inches) allowed users to fold it up like or she had, to understand the teeth to help her hear. Sound waves a monocular telescope and stash it in speaker better. from the actors' voices struck the fan

16 YOUR LIFE AND HEALTH-JANUARY 1984 PHOTOGRAPHS BY G W BISHOP, JR (made from a sheet of hard, flexible device wasn't mistaken for a snake, it phone in 1876, inventors turned to rubber) and traveled as vibrations to was certainly helpful, since it could electricity to amplify sound. While a the edge of the fan. Cords drew the easily bend in the direction of the cupped hand or an ear scoop gave open fan taut to maintain tension and sound. an increase of six to eight decibels, provide better vibrations, which then the earliest carbon aids gave an traveled from the user's teeth to the increase of ten to fifteen. The last inner ear by means of bone conduc- models of the carbon aids produced tion. a gain of about twenty-five to thirty If you used the acoustic fan, it decibels. Though weighed down by a undoubtedly helped to have strong bulky battery, the wearer could and healthy upper central incisors! expect to hear much more than ever before.

Ear Scoop (c. 1904) The ear scoop gathered sound, like a hand cupped by the ear. Much less conspicuous than an ear trumpet, the auricles of this monaural model were designed to be attached to a headband. Special wigs and exclusive coiffures, even custom mil- London Dome Ear Trumpet linery, were available for users of this (c. 1899) model. Triode Vacuum Tube Hearing Aid (mid-1940s) Made in different sizes, depending on the amount of hearing loss, the During the twenties, thirties, and London dome was a noncollapsing forties, hearing-aid invention fol- but compact ear trumpet. The end of lowed invention. With the vacuum the tube usually had a dome of tubes, which depended on several meshes, called refiners, to soften circuits—a cathode, an anode, and a reverberations. Black was the most grid—hearing-aid manufacturers common color, since it was least took another step in electronic conspicuous against black clothing. wizardry. The trumpet's shape is similar to This 1944 Zenith model was the domes on many churches in designed to be plugged into a sepa- London, and perhaps observers, Carbon Hearing Aid (c. 1926) rate battery pack, carried in a special seeing a wearer with the peculiar Following the invention of the tele- bag, such as a shoulder purse. looking ear trumpet, would remark on its similarity to the domes. The title stuck.

Speaking Tube (late nineteenth /early twentieth centuries) and deaf people for more than a Transistor Hearing Aids Holding one end of the tube, a quarter of a century. (1950s, 1960s) speaker would talk directly into the Although in the ear or behind the funnel while the listener held the Finally, an inconspicuous hearing ear models were inconspicuous, in small tip inserted a little way into the aid—not only powerful, but stable 1952 there was an extra cosmetic ear canal. and in a much smaller size! Flesh- feature: A string of pearls hiding the It was like having a person speak- colored, body-contoured transistor cord of one model was sure to please ing right by your ear. As long as the aids have served hard-of-hearing a demanding female clientele.

YOUR LIFE AND HEALTH-JANUARY 1984 17

The Rest Cure The author went to the hospital for a rest. This semiserious account describes her experience. by Goldie M. Down

re's nothing organically of a muted clompety-bump, clompety- less nurse deposited a tray on my wrong with you," my doctor said bump, clompety-bump down the corridor. bedside table. Mmm, it smelled good cheerfully, "but a few days' rest It stopped outside my door, and a and—best of all—I hadn't had to prepare Tin the hospital will do you a superbly groomed woman in a pink it. world of good. Be there for admittance at coverall entered and laid an expensively Half an hour later I wiped my mouth 9:00 A.M. on Tuesday." ringed, carefully-manicured hand on my with a paper napkin and smiled my Delightful, I thought on Tuesday bed. "We're the volunteers—the pink satisfaction. That was part of the rest morning as I relaxed between the clean, ladies," she announced in cultured cure I thoroughly approved. What crisp sheets. Nothing to do, nothing to tones. "Would you like my friend to woman doesn't enjoy a meal she has not worry about, nothing to disturb me, for wheel the trolley into your room? We had to prepare or wash up after? Now if three whole days. What bliss! have books and magazines, candy and only I could snuggle down and have an I had scarcely finished stretching out fruit, talc and toothpaste, soap and—" after-dinner snooze. But no use trying my toes when a nurse was at my bedside "No, thank you," I said, trying to that before a nurse took the tray. She .. with chart and thermometer. "I need to emulate her cultured tones. "There's would disturb me. take your temperature," she said, smil- nothing I need as much as quietness and So I lay back and waited for her to ing. rest." come and collect it. And waited. And "Why?" I asked. "I'm not sick." She looked a trifle taken aback but waited. "Routine procedure," she retorted, smiled graciously and took her leave. For At two-fifteen the same nurse who popping the little glass stem in my the next hour (it seemed) I heard them had brought it rushed in, more breath- mouth and placing cool fingers on my clompety-bumping down the ward, less than before. wrist. stopping at every bed and private room. "Sorry, I forgot to take your tray I nodded. I couldn't sigh with a "We're the volunteers. Would you . . . ?" before I went to lunch. I thought I'd thermometer under my tongue. When the noise of their wagon finally checked them all." Anyway it took only a few moments. faded into the distance, I shut my eyes "It's OK," I sighed. "When do visiting After she had gone, I rinsed my mouth again and consciously relaxed every hours begin?" and lay back on the pillows. Before I had muscle. "Two-thirty until four." time to close my eyes, a smiling lady in I must have fallen asleep and napped white stood at my bedside. for fully ten minutes before a faint tinkle Visiting hours 4' "I'm from the diet office," she intro- of ice against glass aroused me. I opened I groaned inwardly. I did not expect duced herself. "Are you on any particu- my eyes. The ice-water lady, about to any visitors. To ensure my "rest and lar diet? No. Then here is a copy of the scuttle off, came back when she saw me relaxation" cure, I'd merely told people I hospital menu. If there is something that awake. would be away from home for a few you are allergic to or—" "Did I wake you up? I'm so sorry. I days. But from previous experiences in "No, thank you," I responded. "I'm tried to be very quiet. I changed your hospitals I knew what the ward would sure the food will not be any problem. water with fresh ice water." be like from two-thirty until four. V It's rest I need. I'm in for a few days of I managed to smile and accept her And I was correct. An endless stream complete relaxation." apology gracefully, though I'd have of people pattered and plodded and "Fine," she beamed. "But I'll pop in much preferred to let off steam by tiptoed past my door, laughing, talking, tomorrow, just to check." pelting her with the wretched clinking whispering. ice cubes. I climbed out of bed and closed the Bedside service After she'd gone, I looked at my door. I'd like to have slammed it in She glided off, silent as a shadow, and watch; eleven-forty-five. Only another protest, but it had a no-slam spring and I closed my eyes, only to open them half hour or so and lunch would be shut itself ever so slowly and deliber- again almost immediately at the sound brought around. No sense trying to ately. sleep before then. I might as well read. I Even through the thickness of a closed reached for a magazine. door I heard the booming voice of a deaf Goldie M. Down is an Australian writer who Right on the dot of twelve-thirty, old man visiting in the room opposite has had a number of books and many articles hurrying footsteps and clattering trays mine and squeals of laughter from a published. heralded the arrival of lunch. A breath- room down the hall. It sounded more

ILLUSTRATION BY DONNA WARD YOUR LIFE AND HEALTH-JANUARY 1984 19 like a party in progress than a group of "Time for your pill" opened my door and shined a flashlight sympathizers visiting the sick. I don't know how much later a gentle into the room. I pretended to be asleep. I buried my head in the pillow, but shake awakened me. A sweet husky At 4:00 A.M. the woman in the next that only closed the sound out of one ear voice called softly, "Mrs. D., dear, it's room complained loudly that she at a time unless I did it face down, and time for your pill." couldn't sleep and demanded a "cuppa then I nearly smothered. I tried putting Reluctantly I dragged myself up from tea." my hands over my ears, but my arms the depths of slumber and opened one After that I dozed off again, only to tired. I gritted my teeth and put up with eye. "Pill? I'm not on any medication. I awaken trembling with fright. What was the noise. After all, it had to end don't take pills or tablets or anything that fearful noise? Merely the cleaners on sometime. else." the job early with their polishing The four o'clock gong was the most The nurse looked crestfallen. "Your machine in the long corridors. welcome sound I'd ever heard. Then name's on the list. I'll go and check with At 6:30 A.M. the ward literally came all the pattering and plodding and the supervisor." exploded into life with the arrival of the tiptoeing in reverse. The laughing and She pattered softly off and left me day staff, and the next two hours were a talking and whispering faded into the fuming. By the time she came back I'd mad rush of bedpans, sponge baths or distance. But the echo of it seemed to worked it all out. She tried to sneak in showers, bed-making, breakfast trays linger and linger. and collect her little tray of pills and coming and going, wheelchairs whiz- It was some time before I realized tablets, but I was wide awake. zing past my door preparatory to taking there were more private rooms at the far "Do you mean to say," I demanded, patients for treatments. end of the corridor and the VIP visitors "that you woke me up to give me a Caught up in the turmoil of it all, I there obviously concluded that gongs sleeping pill?" brushed my teeth and collapsed, heart were for lesser mortals and did not She nodded her guilt. "It's on your . . . pounding and exhausted back into bed. concern them. They stayed put until a The supervisor said . . . the doctor Promptly at nine o'clock my doctor nurse went and personally ejected them. prescribed it if you couldn't—" came into the room. More heel-tappings and loud talking "Good night," I said ominously. "Is "How are you today?" he beamed at in the corridors. And then peace, blessed there any way that I can lock the door?" me. "Feeling all rested and relaxed?" peace—for five whole minutes before It took ages for me to go to sleep again, "Doctor," I replied through clenched the bells began to ring. It was patients in and for the rest of the night I was teeth, "your prescription is absolutely various rooms wanting nurse service. disturbed every little while by the distant wonderful. Rest and relaxation is just Supper from 5:00 P.M. to 6:00 P.M., and clank of bedpans in the utility room. what I need—and I want to go home then the head nurse came around At some unearthly hour a night nurse right this minute and get a little of it! checking each patient. "How are you this evening? Feeling rested?" I opened my mouth, but before I could reply she had turned to the accom- HELP ME MAKE IT panying senior nurse, and they exchanged pleasant patter, apparently THROUGH THE NIGHT for my benefit. Part of the rest cure, I suppose. This excerpt from Pulse magazine offers the medical After they left, I got out of bed, personnel's viewpoint of the workings of the hospital brushed my teeth, combed my hair, and machinery that sometimes disturbs the patient. put on a pretty bed jacket. I knew that Survival of the night shift requires a great deal of compromise on the part of my husband would pop in during eve- both the patient and the staff. Patients must try to accept the necessities of ning visiting hours. He did, and I interruptions to their sleep with as much good grace as possible. The staff enjoyed hearing about his day's doings attempt to do as much of their checking as possible on cat-feet and by flashlight and the children's activities. to avoid waking patients unnecessarily. Getting upset with one another never "I hope you're having a good rest," he helps; it only makes things worse. said as he kissed me goodbye. If you find yourself in the hospital, and find yourself being rudely (or even I forced a smile and nodded. politely) awakened at all hours, you might try a couple of tricks to help keep The visitors-out gong sounded at 8:00 your perspective. First, keep reminding yourself that the nurses really do have P.M. and, mercifully, they all trotted your best interests at heart. This may not be much consolation, but it certainly obediently off. The bedpan parade fol- can't hurt. Second, if you can't see the reason for the procedure ask! Nurses are lowed, and then a nurse came in to check usually pretty good about telling you what they're going to do, how it will be my temperature and pulse. When she done, and what if anything they want you to do to help the procedure go found that I was not on the list, she smoothly. Unless you remind them, however, they may not be so good on the cheerily took her leave. why. You must remember that these procedures become so second nature to Ten minutes later another one came them that they often forget that nonmedical folk don't share their familiarity. and folded the bedcover and asked Given a little nudge, they'll be more than happy to explain. This is especially whether I needed anything. Another true of night nurses, who would rather spend time with patients then face blanket perhaps? tackling the mounds of paper work they must do every night. "No, thanks," I said. "Just peace and quiet. I want to sleep." Reprinted by permission from Pulse, July-September, 1983, publication of the Interna- "All right," she said, smiling and tional Association of Heart Patients, Inc. giving me a gentle pat as she tucked the covers around me. "Have a good sleep." "Thanks, nurse. Good night." She tiptoed out, and before you could say, "Pills 'n' poultice," I was asleep.

20 YOUR LIFE AND HEALTH-JANUARY 1984 What to Look for in a Nursing Home Care is needed in choosing a nursing home for a family member. This article offers helpful guidelines. by James E. Redmon, M.D., and Jane M. Thibault, M.S.S.W.

ost health professionals elderly representing 11 percent of the homes specialize in certain levels of care. agree that for both elderly population, the decision to seek place- persons and their families, ment in a nursing home is being made Three levels of care living independently in more frequently by them and their Three levels of care are generally Mtheir own homes is the best way. How- families. But it is often hard to make a available: personal, intermediate, and ever, when family resources are threat- decision about this step intelligently skilled. Although the definitions of these ened or serious illness intervenes, a without knowing all the facts and how to levels vary from State to State, certain nursing home may become a necessity. use them. general statements can be made about In America, 5 percent of people over In the language of health-care profes- them. 65 live in nursing homes; 25 percent of sionals, nursing homes are long-term- Personal care usually refers to general them have at one time or another been care facilities. This means they are resi- supervision for persons who are able to residents of nursing homes. With the dential institutions where services are manage their normal activities of daily provided on a continuing basis to indi- living (for example, eating, dressing) but James E. Redmon is a member of the viduals whose mental and/or physical who have some sort of mild mental or American Geriatrics Society and other medi- capabilities are chronically impaired. physical impairment. cal associations, and has taught at the The services provided are dependent on Intermediate care is generally more University of Louisville School of Medicine. the needs of the residents. Because specialized. It usually involves occa- Jane M. Thibault holds a membership in the needs of individuals vary significantly, sional nursing care on a daily basis. This Gerontology Society of America and other the types of care available have been may mean giving medications to people related associations, and has degrees in divided into levels that are generally who can't manage their own medicines psychology and gerontological social work. defined by State laws. Most nursing for mental or physical reasons.

PHOTOGRAPH BY DAVID OUINNAM YOUR LIFE AND HEALTH-JANUARY 1984 21 tion or training in specialized medical has some mental impairment such as problems so that they can care for the spells of confusion or forgetfulness, the As much as possible, elderly. For more complex situations family may need to decide without the involve the person to your family doctor may recommend you parent. But even in this case it is approach a home-health-care agency for important to be very supportive. The be moved in the a specially trained nurse who can impaired elderly person should fre- instruct in the home and return occa- quently be reminded of the possibility of decision to choose a sionally to be sure the instructions are going to a nursing home. Repetition is being carried out properly. important. The idea might be restated nursing home. three or four times. So, although particu- Involve your parent lar details may not be remembered by If it appears the decision will be made him, he will be aware of the overall to utilize a nursing home, it is important decision. Moving into the nursing home Skilled care is the most specialized that your elderly parent be involved in will then be less of a surprise, and the level. It involves around-the-clock nurs- the final decision-making process. This transition will be easier for everyone ing for persons having medical condi- will ensure a decision that is agreeable to concerned. tions that require essentially hospitallike all. Sometimes when an elderly person Once your family has decided in favor care. Medical services and a medical staff of physicians are involved on this level. A person recovering from a stroke would require such care. Usually such an individual will be medically stabilized A CHECKLIST FOR CHOOSING in a hospital, then transferred to a skilled-care nursing home where he or A NURSING HOME she may spend several months receiving physical therapy and nursing care. This Decide need for level of care (personal, intermediate, skilled). provides for adequate supervision with- Allow adequate time to make choice (three to six months). out the higher hospital costs. General considerations: A difficult question Convenience (convenient distance for visiting)? The time may come when you and Overall impressions: your family will need to ask, "When is Is it like "home"? nursing-home placement appropriate?" Clean and odor free? This is usually a difficult question. The Halls and rooms clear of obstacles? answer depends on the emotional and Attractive decorations? financial resources of the family. Before you make a decision it is advisable to talk Lounges for socialization among residents? the situation over with your family Personnel concern (visitors welcome)? physician. He can offer suggestions and Specific considerations: tell your family the advantages and Talk with nursing staff, admitting personnel. disadvantages of the various alterna- Arrange to meet with administrator/policymaker. tives. By the way, be sure your elderly Food: parent is allowed to express his or her Have a meal at the nursing home. own needs and opinions. Dietician on staff? Often a person requiring only per- Check monthly menu. sonal care can be looked after at home. In Rooms: that condition he will not need someone home twenty-four hours a day. How- Warm, well decorated? ever, it's a good idea to have someone, Private storage space? perhaps a neighbor, check when family Activities: members are not at home. If the elderly Social director on staff? person can't prepare meals, these will Arts-and-crafts classes? need to be provided. If all family mem- Regular outings? bers are at work or school during the Professional services: day, some sort of nutritious meal can be Adequate concerned nursing staff? readied ahead of time, or perhaps a Medical director-physician? neighbor can come in and fix a hot meal. Ancillary services (e.g., It is important to encourage elderly dental, podiatric, physical family members to take as much respon- therapy)? sibility for themselves as they are able. Religious observations: Doing so encourages self-esteem and Regular services? allows them the dignity of self-suffi- Area designated as a chapel? ciency. Financial considerations: If your elderly parent needs interme- Basic costs and what they include. diate care, family resources are more Monthly itemized bills available? likely to be taxed. Under those circum- What consitutes extra charges? stances it is important that a responsible Is nursing home licensed? family member always be at home. Also, some family members may need instruc-

22 YOUR LIFE AND HEALTH-JANUARY 1984 of a nursing home, it is important to have decorated, clean, and odor free. It charges. Find out whether itemized bills enough time to choose the right one. should have lounges where your loved are available on a monthly basis. If Although acute medical or mental illness one can meet and talk with other resi- financial obligations may prove burden- may make immediate placement neces- dents. Individual rooms should be some it is important to know whether sary, it is best if possible to allow three to warmly decorated and provide closets State agencies can provide help. Usually six months for making the choice. This and drawers for private storage space. It a social worker can advise your family of allows time for both the elderly parent should provide planned activities, such these matters. and your family to become more com- Finally, all States require inspection of fortable with the idea. It also allows you licensed nursing homes. When checking more time to visit and compare a number A nursing home a home, ask to see this license, and be of nursing homes, thus making sure of sure it's up-to-date. Sometimes by writ- the best situation. If you need help, your should be as much ing the State government, you can get a family physician can recommend a social copy of a report on a specific nursing worker who specializes in aiding people like one's own home home, outlining deficiencies. Often in need of a nursing home. as possible. these deficiencies are very minor, but if When you begin to look around for a there are any serious shortcomings, nursing home it is a good idea to talk check to see whether they have been with your family doctor. He can suggest as arts-and-crafts classes and trips to corrected. the level of care needed. Also if you wish museums, for the residents. Visitors After you have chosen a nursing home him to continue the medical care of your should seem welcome. When visiting, and moved your parent in, it may take parent, you will need to know to which see whether elderly residents who are some time for all of you to adjust to the nursing home he goes. In large cities up and about are in their regular clothes changes. It is very important to be many physicians limit themselves geo- or in sleeping attire. The staff at a good supportive of your parent should prob- graphically to certain homes. If you nursing home will try to keep everyone lems arise. Indeed, it's a good idea if one eventually choose a place to which your who is able actively involved in the family member does volunteer work at physician doesn't routinely go, ask him various activities of the home. the institution, even if for only a few whether he can suggest another doctor If your family is seriously considering hours weekly. This would help your who could take care of your loved one. a particular nursing home, it is advisable family to understand better the place Convenience is important. A nursing to make a second, unscheduled, visit you have chosen and to have firsthand home that is reasonably close to your there. Nursing home personnel will not information should any problem arise. residence will be much easier to visit likely intentionally deceive prospective Sometimes family members can make than one on the other side of town. clients, but the only way to discover suggestions that the nursing home staff When you are choosing a home it is good housekeeping is to visit when the finds useful and will include in their important to schedule your entire family staff is not expecting company. policies. f# to visit each place under consideration so Another point to check if it is an they can see the facilities. Thus you can elderly couple who is going into a SLEEP WARM-SAVE FUEL more easily choose which one is right for nursing home is whether there can be PATENTED NEW BED WARMER you and your parent. Talk with the privacy for conjugal visits. Some nursing nursing staff and the admitting people, homes do not provide these areas for since they are most knowledgeable elderly couples, making it difficult, if not about what's available at their home and impossible, to have marital relations. how it functions from day to day. It is Professional health care is also impor- also important to request an interview tant at a nursing home. In addition to the with the administrator. He is the one adequate nursing staff essential to the who establishes policy and to whom any operation of any such home, you should major problems are referred. It will be find out whether special services such as good to know whether he is someone physical therapy are available. It is MAKES ELECTRIC BLANKETS OBSOLETE with whom you could work should important to know whether a physician New bed warming system uses the problems arise. serves as medical director to check the well known principle that HEAT quality of medical care. Also, it is RISES. It goes on the mattress, not Check menus important to know whether services over you. Radiant heat from below is While visiting a potential nursing such as dentistry and podiatry (foot care) more comfortable, effective, con- home for your parent, eat a meal there. are readily available to residents. ventient and efficient. Warms the bed, Although many such homes have not the bedroom. Fully automatic. SAVE FUEL by turning the furnace trained dieticians, this may not mean the low at night, and still sleep warm. food is always attractive and palatable. Religious provisions Rids bed of chilling cold and dam- The only way to know is to have lunch or Often a highly important part of an pness year around. Pays for itself over dinner there. Also, ask to see a sample elderly person's life is religion. Be certain and over. Models for all size beds, and menu. Often menus are planned that there is some area, even if only a dual controls. Also 12 v. models for monthly, and by scanning the schedule large room, designated as a chapel. Find RV's and trucks. Even seat, back and you can find out whether the menu is out what types of services, denomi- pet. warmers. FREE booklet describes accurate (does it and your meal coin- national or nondenominational, are products, advantages & savings. cide?) and whether it is varied and held, and how frequently. PATENTED PRODUCTS CORP. Box A. Dept. LH83 Danville, OH 43014 interesting. Be sure you understand all the finan- When you are deciding on a nursing cial arrangements and know how your Rush free booklet to: home it is important to remember that parent will be able to pay for necessary Name the second word is home. A nursing nursing-home care. Have the institu- Address home should be as much like one's own tion's personnel outline the basic costs, City State Zip home as possible. It should be light, well and list anything that may entail extra

YOUR LIFE AND HEALTH-JANUARY 1984 23 believe," he goes on to say, "is one of the most frequently misused and misunderstood words of our time. It is equated too often by too many people with magic, a byproduct, no doubt of what has come to be known as 'The Age of Miracles' in medical science. Therapy is what works: and what gets you through the day."

From a person to a patient In this what-gets-you-through-the- day idea, we find reasons for the success of cooking activities in a psychiatric setting. Consider the emotional impact that being hospitalized has on the physically ill, then realize there are meanings to hospitalization that may be more keenly felt by a person with a psychiatric illness. Being in an institution means having everything taken care of, with a resultant lessening of identity. It means being changed from a person to a patient, with others in control of your immediate care. It means being subject to the rules that do not fit your life style but that are needed to maintain order in a therapeutic community. Giving patients an opportunity to participate in their own care by cooking meals, and the related activities of sharing food, eating together, and cleaning up, as a group, gives back to the patient some control over his environment. A lack of control over one's daily life The Therapy sometimes has application to the non- hospitalized person, particularly when one lives in a city. To quote Dr. Parrish again: "As life becomes increasingly of Cooking frenetic, as the world we live in becomes more and more depersonalized, as our individuality becomes harder to hold on The process of preparing food has healing possibilities to, the kitchen is an ideal place for expressing not only culinary talent but for emotionally upset people. basic gut feelings." 4 Author Jan Kaplan notes a need for control of one's environ- by Arlene White Price ment when she states, "The kitchen . . . [is] almost the last place where corpora- tized Americans can keep virtually full am an occupational therapist I have found that involving patients in control over their acts or where they can working in an acute inpatient psy- cooking and related activities can pro- express their own natures through real chiatric setting. I have seen many vide great satisfaction to the patient, and as opposed to abstract work." types of therapy used in an to the staff. endeavorI to help patients. One that I Think of the cookbooks that line the A subtle difference have seen do a great deal of good is a shelves of libraries and bookstores. In As in most hospitals, patients where I basic therapy presented as a useful factor addition to the recipes, many cook and work receive trays from a central food of a psychiatric treatment program. It is a food books note the emotional satisfac- unit. But there is a subtle difference treatment that not many may think of in tion of preparing food and sharing it between receiving a tray and cooking connection with mental illness—cook- with others. There have been references one's own meal and sharing with others. ing. But the ideas in this article can be to "mood food," ' and the appeal of food For example, trays aren't as conducive to accepted for their value to anyone with to basic human emotional needs. In a socialization. There is no need to ask emotional stress, and not just institu- Redbook 2 article, Anne Crutcher says that someone to pass the salt, and plastic tionalized people. food "consoles, revives, soothes, and covered containers do not have a lot of sustains us when things go wrong or life visual appeal. Arlene Price, who has a degree in occupa- makes us tense." Dr. Louis Parrish, in When a meal is prepared and served tional therapy, has worked in her profession Cooking as Therapy,' asserts that "cooking by the people who will eat it, those for twenty years. Her home is in Roseville, is therapy in the most practical sense of individuals are exercising one of the Minnesota. She was assisted by Diane the word. It is a treatment, ongoing and characteristics of civilized man. Larson, a "work-study" student, in prepar- adaptable." Cooking and eating together has ing this article. "Therapy, I've come firmly to many ramifications. In fact, dictionaries

24 YOUR LIFE AND HEALTH-JANUARY 1984 PHOTOGRAPH BY DAVID B. SHERWIN have a special word, commensal, meaning patient to focus on reality rather than on security and love, are so mixed and "pertaining to and designating those delusional material. Withdrawn mingled and entwined that we cannot who habitually eat at the same table." patients, otherwise difficult to engage in straightly think of one without the There is a profound significance to the conversation, have often surprised staff others. So it happens when I write of act of eating together that may be members with pertinent comments on hunger, I am really writing about love overlooked unless put in its historical cooking and baking experiences. and the hunger for it . . . and then the perspective. In Tales of the Table: A History 3. The third food activity, carried out warmth and richness and fine reality of of Western Cuisine, Barbara Norman on a regular basis, is the preparation of hunger satisfied . . . and it's all one." '° comments, "Ever since Eve ate the entire meals for as many as forty I think of psychiatric patients as per- apple, almost every event in the history patients. Our medical center holds a sons who need so much to be under- of mankind and every important occa- community supper and Saturday com- stood and loved, and I ponder this sion in a man's life has been connected munity breakfast, which are part of the connection between eating and love. To with food." 6 activity. Patients are encouraged to par- emphasize the meaning of cooking as ticipate in the meal preparation as part of therapy, the patient previously referred Therapy kitchen their treatment. Engaging their interest to wrote in his paper "Food and Occu- To explore the practical applications of is simple since most people are familiar pational Therapy": "Some individuals these ideas to psychiatric treatment, one with the process of preparing a meal. who lose control of their emotions forget must consider the setting. Hennepin There have been patients with exten- and set aside one of their most important County Medical Center, Minneapolis, sive cooking experience who have made functions—the handling and prepara- Minnesota, has three units with a total of useful suggestions that have been incor- tion of food. Not only is food necessary forty-seven beds for care of the psychiat- porated into our menus. In fact, one for nourishment and sustenance, it can ric patient. These units provide diag- patient wrote an entire article on food be used for therapeutic and rehabilita- nostic service and brief but intensive and occupational therapy that has been tive value for individuals who temporar- treatment, aimed at a rapid symptomatic used in developing ideas for this article ily back away from life. Being creative improvement and return to the commu- and that is quoted in part at the end. with food can and will generate motiva- nity. Occupational therapists are Patients at the Hennepin County tion and interest when approached in a involved in many of the activities pro- Medical Center come from a living positive manner and will encourage the vided in the therapeutic program. One situation that is usually a board and care individual to participate and think more part of the therapy clinic has a kitchen facility, a rooming house, or a single towards his basic needs." with all the basics kitchens have. room. They have limited budgets and Do you feel stressed, depressed, In this setting, cooking is offered as a rarely have access to a kitchen to prepare lonely? Take time to prepare from basic therapeutic medium in three main ways: their own food. In cooking we give them fresh ingredients something that you 1. Small cooking groups in which back the once commonplace experiences usually buy ready-made. Invite some- patients and staff make fun things such of handling, tasting, smelling, and one over to enjoy the meal with you. as pretzels, taffy, cookies, caramel corn. creating. We also give them a link to the Reminisce with them about food their 2. A "cinnamon roll" group in the childhood experiences of helping or mothers used to make. Or, if you are small intensive care unit. Because these watching food preparation; foods that alone, set your table with a cloth and patients are more seriously disturbed are "thick, warm, filling . . . foods that flowers to make the evening more mem- and less predictable than the first group, for many people are reminders of orable. Knead dough and set it to rise in a there are fewer activities on this unit. Mother and Home." 8 Anne Crutcher sunny spot. Eat raw some vegetable that The patients can't be given tools or says, "Stress often makes children of us, you normally cook. Savor the crunch equipment that might be dangerous to looking for solace in the tastes and and the visual appeal of the brighter either themselves or others. So a cart textures that reassured us long ago." 9 color of raw food compared to cooked with all the ingredients for cinnamon When the meal is served those who items. Try shopping in an ethnic market rolls is brought in. Patients mix the have not cooked are asked to help set instead of your usual supermarket. Con- dough, knead it, and shape the rolls. tables or clean up. Staff members who sider cooking as an art form, a creative Kneading is a sensory experience. It feels ordinarily eat in the hospital cafeteria act. Think of eating as a sensory experi- good and often conjures up for the look forward to eating at the "commu- ence. You won't solve all your problems; female patient images of pleasanter nity meals," as they are termed. And you may not avoid mental illness. But times when she was at home baking with because of the universality of meal you may help yourself through a difficult a parent or grandphrent. preparation to human experience, there time or enrich an uneventful period of Kneading is an excellent outlet for isn't the role identification that is typical life. hostility too. Another factor is the pleas- of other activities, such as recreation and urable feedback the patients get from art/craft activities. others when the rolls are done and REFERENCES 1 G. Andrews, Mood Food (New York: Anthen- shared. The influence of cooking eum, 1974), p. 254. Our staff members have found that 2 Anne Crutcher, "Here, Eat This and You'll Feel The smell of new-made bread cooking has an impact on the entire Better," Redbook, February, 1982, p. 76. 3Louis Parrish, Cooking as Therapy (New York: The sensory appeal of freshly baked atmosphere of the psychiatric unit. Food Arbor House Pub. Co., 1975), p. 3. bread is unusual and unexpected in a activities help decrease the institutional 4 lbid., p. 12. hospital. The scent elicits comment and impact for the newly hospitalized 5 J. R. Kaplan, A Woman's Conflict (New Jersey: interest. In The Art of Eating there is a patient and develop a common focus of Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1979), p. 38. attention for the staff and patient that is 6 Barbara Norman, Tales of the Table: A History of lyrical description of this experience: Western Cuisine (New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, Inc., "Homemade bread will smell better and not centered on pathology. Patient par- 1972), p. 2. taste better than you remembered any- ticipation is facilitated by the universal- 7 M. F. Fisher, The Art of Eating (New York: thing could possibly taste or smell and it ity of interest in food and cooking. Vintage Books, Inc., 1976), p. 257. In his book The Art of Eating, M. F. 8 L. Pearson, The Psychologist's Sensational Cook- will make you feel, for a time at least, book (New York: P. H. Wyden, 1974), p. 61. newborn into a better world than this Fisher comments that it seems to him, 9 Crutcher, loc. cit. one often seems." Baking causes a "Our three basic needs, for food and 1.°Fisher, op. cit., p. 350.

YOUR LIFE AND HEALTH—JANUARY 1984 25 CLAPP'S KITC-I-IEN

Broccoli on the Menu

roccoli is on the menu this Broccoli-Rice Quiche rice-lined pie plate. Bake at 375° F. for month. The term broccoli has an about 50 minutes or until done. Italian sound, hasn't it? And Italian it is, being the plural 11/2 cups cooked rice Bform of the Italian word broccolo— 1 egg, beaten flowering top, sprout. And broccoli has a 3/4 cup shredded Cheddar cheese Corn Ring lot of flowering tops, of course. 1 10-oz. package frozen broccoli With Buttered Broccoli Broccoli also has a lot of vitamins and 1 Tbsp. minced onion minerals for you. It is a good source of 1/3 cup milk 1/2 cup boiling water the vitamins B and C, and the minerals 2 eggs, beaten 1 10-oz. package frozen cut corn potassium and calcium. It is a fair source VI tsp. basil 3 Tbsp. margarine or butter of vitamin A. 1 4-oz. jar sliced mushrooms, 3 Tbsp. flour drained 1 tsp. salt Combine rice, 1 egg, and 1/2 cup 1 cup hot nonfat milk cheese, mixing well. Press mixture into a 3 eggs (separated) greased 9-inch pie plate; set aside. 1 10-oz. package frozen broccoli Clara Burtnett, who con- Cook broccoli according to package Cook frozen corn in boiling water for ducts this page, is the edito- directions; drain well. Add 1/4 cup cheese two minutes. Melt margarine or butter; rial secretary of YOUR LIFE and remaining ingredients to broccoli; mix in flour and salt; add heated milk AND HEALTH. mixing well. Pour broccoli mixture into and stir until thickened. Remove from

26 YOUR LIFE AND HEALTH-JANUARY 1984 PHOTOGRAPH BY ROBERT WRIGHT heat. Add beaten egg yolks and corn, 1 cup chopped tomatoes Simmer flowerlets in remaining water in mixing thoroughly. Fold in stiffly beaten 1 tsp. grated onion saucepan 3 to 5 minutes; add broccoli egg whites, then pour into an oiled ring Mayonnaise or soyannaise purée and simmer, stirring constantly mold. Place mold in hot water and bake to bind (about 1/4 cup) until thickened; add salt. Serve hot. at 325° F. for 25 minutes. Turn mold on 1/4 tsp. celery salt or to taste plate and fill center with broccoli that has Broccoli Marinade (recipe Broccoli Supreme been cooked until crisply done. follows) 2 pounds chopped broccoli, Tender Soya-Broccoli Broccoli Marinade frozen 20 ounces cream of celery soup 1 pound fresh broccoli 3 Tbsp. oil (undiluted) 1 13-oz. FriChik soyameat* (save 1/3 cup lemon juice with pulp 1/4 pound water chestnuts, the liquid) 1/2 tsp. onion salt chopped 1 103/4-oz. can mushroom soup Dash of garlic powder 3/4 tsp. salt • 2 Tbsp. mayonnaise Pinch of oregano Buttered bread crumbs 1 tsp. Chicken-style Seasoningt Combine all Marinade ingredients. Thaw but do not cook the chopped 1/4 tsp. garlic powder Steam broccoli only until crispy done broccoli. Mix cream of celery soup and 1/2 cup slivered almonds or and still bright green. Add Broccoli water chestnuts and add salt. Add chopped walnuts Marinade immediately. (If Marinade is chopped, uncooked broccoli to soup Place partially cooked broccoli in flat not ready, plunge broccoli immediately mixture and mix well. Place in casserole casserole. Cut soyameat in bite-size into cold water to retain bright green dish and top with buttered bread pieces and scatter over broccoli. Mix color.) Marinate chilled several hours or crumbs. Bake at 325° F. for 50 minutes. liquid from soyameat with mushroom overnight. Drain Marinade (use as oil Broccoli should remain a bright green. soup and add remaining ingredients dressing for another salad). Toss all Note: To keep broccoli or leafy greens a except nuts, mixing well. Pour over ingredients at least 1 hour before serv- bright-green color, tilt the lid slightly broccoli and soyameat in casserole and ing. Chill to blend flavors. after they begin to boil so steam can sprinkle with slivered almonds. Bake at Note: Serve as a salad, or in summertime escape and not recondense on the vege- 350° F. for about 20 minutes. as a refreshing, cool vegetable dish. This table. is colorful for the winter holidays when Broccoli With Sesame Seeds lettuce is not plentiful. The stalks may be Broccoli Salad used in Cream of Broccoli Soup. 11/2 to 2 pounds broccoli 2 10-oz. packages frozen chopped 1/4 cup sesame seeds broccoli 2 Tbsp. margarine or butter, 1 cup chopped celery melted 1/3 cup chopped onion Juice of 1/2 lemon 1 2-oz. jar diced pimento, drained Cook broccoli in salted water until 1/3 cup mayonnaise crispy-tender. Lightly brown sesame 1/3 cup plain yogurt seeds in oiled frying pan; stirring fre- 1 tsp. seasoned salt quently. Add melted margarine or butter 1/4 tsp. basil and lemon juice to sesame seeds, then Thaw broccoli; drain well on paper pour over hot broccoli. towels. Combine broccoli, celery, onion and pimento. Combine mayonnaise, Broccoli Loaf yogurt, seasoned salt, and basil, and stir well. Pour over vegetable mixture and mix well. Cover and chill for 2 hours. 1 10-oz. package frozen broccoli 2 eggs 1/2 pint cottage cheese Cream of Broccoli Soup The preceding recipes have been used with permission and adapted from personal files of homemak- 1/ cup bread crumbs 4 ers, as well as from the followng cookbooks: Salt to taste 1 pound fresh broccoli, trimmed Calkins, Fern. It's Your World Vegetarian Cookbook. Cheddar cheese Second edition. Washington, D.C.: Review and and washed Herald Pub. Assn., 1981. Thaw broccoli. Mix with eggs, cottage 4 cups boiling water Dining Delightfully. Washington, D.C.: Review and cheese, bread crumbs, and salt. Put in 1 Tbsp. Chicken-style Herald Pub. Assn., 1968. oiled casserole, and top with cheddar Seasoning t Larson, Jeanne R., and Ruth A. McLin. Fifty-two Sabbath Menus. Nashville, Tenn.: Southern Pub. cheese. Bake 30 to 40 minutes in slow 3 /4 cup evaporated milk Assn., 1969. oven. 1 cup low-fat milk 3 Tbsp. whole-wheat pastry flour Festive Broccoli Salad 3/4 tsp. salt HELPFUL HOUSEHOLD HINTS Cut off tips of flowerlets and set aside. Use an extra set of dry measuring cups as 3 cups broccoli flowerets, Peel large stalks; cut in pieces; add with scoops in canisters of flour, sugar, and chopped the chickenlike seasoning to the boiling grains to save time, as well as dishwash- water; simmer only until stalks are ing. *A meat substitute available at most health-food fork-tender and still green. Lift cooked Keep flour in a large shaker for quick stores. A chicken-flavored vegetable product available stalks out of water and put into blender and easy flouring of a pan; just shake out at most health-food stores. with milk and flour; whiz until smooth. the amount needed to cover the pan.

YOUR LIFE AND HEALTH—JANUARY 1984 27 1500KOWELF

Reviewing, listing or describing of books does not constitute endorsement.

The AIDS Fact Book, Kenneth H. Mayer, useful information. An ample bibliogra- Britain's medical "Dear Abby," has com- M.D., and H. F. Pizer, Bantam Books, phy is included for those who would wish piled a home health reference that covers Inc., 666 Fifth Avenue, New York, N.Y. further study into AIDS. virtually every category of medicine, 10019, 1983, 135 pages, $3.95 paper- Reviewed by M. E. Byrkit, M.D. ❑ including neurology, cardiology, general back. surgery, the complex connection The AIDS Fact Book is an attempt to The Herpes Book, Richard Hamilton, between mind and body, ear, nose, and place a disease puzzle in perspective M.D., Bantam Books, Inc., 666 Fifth throat disorders, and first aid. Illustrated when many of the information pieces are Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10019, 1983, with more than three hundred drawings, missing. The authors have carefully and 208 pages, $3.95 paperback. the book answers large and small per- systematically developed the emerging Herpes was once a disease never sistent questions that everyone hesitates picture of an apparently new and spoken about, but now it has reached to ask the doctors. For example: extremely frightening disease. Beginning national epidemic proportions. Today, Why do old people become shorter as with the most basic descriptions of what more than 50 million Americans suffer they age? AIDS (acquired immune deficiency syn- from the disease, and the number is What causes ringing in the ears? drome) is, the authors move on to explain growing rapidly. What is the difference between a the alterations in the human physiologic In The Herpes Book, Dr. Richard fracture and a break? processes associated with this disease. Hamilton, a San Francisco-based physi- How come I put on weight when my Chapters are devoted to such themes as: cian and nationally recognized specialist husband doesn't? signs and symptoms of AIDS, methods of in the treatment of sexually related disor- Claire Rayner takes the time every preventing, associated diseases, ders, gives a clear, comprehensive conscientious doctor would like to give to research, and social consequences. description of what the disease is, what answer these and five hundred other Through the entire book one is struck causes it, and its effects on the body. He questions. Working with a panel of spe- by the authors' desire to reach those most outlines how to recognize herpes and cialists and general practitioners, she likely to acquire the disease, namely how to avoid the disease. Dr. Hamilton has grouped the questions according to homosexuals. Whole chapters are dedi- then answers the questions of how anatomical and physiological divisions of cated to such topics as: choosing a herpes affects sexual activity, the danger the body, so that the questions and medical provider sympathetic to homo- it poses during pregnancy, and the chapters follow in logical sequence and sexual problems, the social conse- possible link between herpes and an provide a capsule education in how the quences of AIDS with such topics as, increased risk of cancer. human body works. control of guilt, fear, how to deal with the In addition, the book gives specific In an age of spiraling medical costs, hospital. A strong element of social instructions on how to cope with herpes Everything Your Doctor Would Tell You if activism for gay liberation or rights per- and maintain a life style through an "ABC He Had the Time can help fill the gap meates the book and there are even approach": between what the doctor says and included lists of organizations throughout A: Attitude—how to confront the doesn't say and make every patient a the United States that will provide a resentment, guilt, and fear, and where to more informed consumer of health care. referral source to those of gay or lesbian find personal reassurance. inclinations who might wish to seek B: Behavior—where and how to get The First Month of Life, second edition, medical aid. medical care, how to minimize recur- Glenn R. Stoutt, Jr., M.D. Medical Eco- The book in general is compact, suc- rences, and the risk of transferring the nomics Books, 680 Kinderkamack Road, cinct and, with the exception of its being disease, along with ways to reduce Oradell, New Hampshire 07649, 1983, primarily directed to the needs of the gay stress. 192 pages, $9.95 paperback. community, the material appears to be C: Constitution—how to control Author Glenn Stoutt began to write The the first lay publication to call attention to herpes through nutrition, adequate First Month of Life when his own daugh- the Acquired Immune Deficiency Syn- sleep, and avoidance of environmental ter, Tassie, was 1 month old. The motiva- drome. Of particular interest are the small trauma. tion for his writing was that, during the review sections at the end of each By providing information on helpful years of practicing pediatrics, he had chapter that encapsulate what the treatments and proven prevention, The discovered that parents frequently pick authors feel to be the most important Herpes Book will help educate and up misinformation about looking after material. For those who wish more knowl- prepare people to cope with this new newborns. Since, an owner's manual edge on acquired immune deficiency epidemic. doesn't come with a brand-new baby, syndrome or those who may have some new parents find themselves full of ques- fear that they may have acquired this Everything Your Doctor Would Tell tions about the care of their baby almost frightening illness, this publication may You if He Had the Time, Claire Rayner, as soon as they bring it home from the provide an up-to-date source of informa- G. P. Putnam's & Sons, 200 Madison hospital. But having the answers is vital. tion. Recognizing the material is not Avenue, New York, New York 10016, Dr. Stoutt states, "A correct start in life complete because of the currently limited 1980, 224 pages, $7.95, paperback. is crucial. This is why the first step—the understanding of the disease, the book In Everything Your Doctor Would Tell first month—is the most important time still provides considerable concise and You Claire Rayner, who is known as you will ever spend with your child to

28 YOUR LIFE AND HEALTH-JANUARY 1984 insure that he develops into a happy, languages."—Mennonite Life, p. 3. percent more than nonmeat sources for healthy, emotionally stable adult, capa- Only the Amish maintain one way of life. equal quality protein (page 148). ble of reaching his full potential. It matters For anyone wanting a brief overview of Some people believe that you can't be that you touch, look, talk, and love." any of these three groups, these books healthy on a vegetarian diet. This is not The First Month of Life provides par- will prove helpful. Many color photos so, the author insists. He refers to experi- ents with answers to just about any help you get the "feel" of each group. ments done at Harvard and Loma Linda questions they may have concerning the universities. "The statistics point out . . . care of their newborn. Some of the topics Nourishing a Happy Affair, Nutrition [that] as long as we choose from a variety covered are: breast-feeding and formula Alternatives for individual and Family of dry legumes, raw seeds and nuts, feeding; when to start solid foods; diaper Needs, Leslie Cohen, Larson Publica- whole grains, fresh fruits and vegetables, rash; colic; sleep; even choosing a name. tions, Inc., 4936 Route 414, Burdett, New and dairy products . . . we will more than The book is written in an easy-to-read, York, 14818, 1982, 150 pages, $6.95 meet our daily nutritional needs with a common-sense style, with bits of humor paperback. vegetarian diet."—Page 20. The book thrown in here and there. Since each human being has his own also offers facts to show that vegetarians But it makes the point clear that nothing unique nutritional needs, it is a monu- are, generally, healthier than flesh eaters. is more important than a close, compati- mental task for the one who prepares But the purpose of Total Vegetarian ble, happy parent-baby relationship that food for a family to be aware of these Cooking is not to sing the praises of is fostered early in the baby's life. Dr. needs and to know how to meet them. vegetarianism. Its main purpose is to Stoutt assures parents that "maternal Nourishing a Happy Affair gives some offer practical help to those eating, or instinct is not a myth. After two weeks you points that could be helpful in accom- wanting to eat, a nonmeat diet while will know your baby's moods and needs plishing this task. getting adequate nutrition. So the book better than all the child experts in the Covering the range of life from infancy brings together much information world could know them. So enjoy your to senior citizens, suggestions are regarding the value and preparation of baby. It's really very easy." offered as to what is needed most by nonflesh foods. each age group, with special emphasis A final section offers many pages of Amish Life, Hutterite Life, and Men- on the school-age child and the school vegetarian recipes for the vegetarian nonite Life, John A. Hostetler, Herald lunch program. gourmet. We cannot recommend all of Press, Scottsdale, Pennsylvania 15683, One whole section, "Cooking for the the ingredients used. For example, many Kitchener, Ontario, Canada N2G 4M5, Family," discusses carbohydrates, fats, recipes contain pepper, which, being an 1983, each 48 pages, $4.95 (in Canada, protein, vitamins, and minerals, listing irritant, we cannot advocate. $5.95), paperback. which are found in what foods. The Hutterites, Mennonites, and the The author recognizes that protein is Make It! Don't Buy It, John Wade, editor, Amish are religious and cultural groups an essential part of our diet, but that it Rodale Press, Inc., 33 East Minor Street, among us that most of us know little need not be animal flesh. So she has Emmaus, Pennsylvania 18049, 1983, 448 about. As is often the case, ignorance developed a balanced approach to pages, $24.95, hardback. breeds misunderstanding, misconcep- cooking flesh-free meals and has put Have you ever thought of making bunk tions, and intolerance. That we might together recipes using such protein-car- beds for the children or a cedar-lined better understand these peoples, John A. rying foods as legumes, grains, seeds, blanket chest for summer storage? How Hostetler, professor of anthropology and and nuts. about a handmade chandelier or a per- sociology, Temple University, Pennsylva- Nourishing a Happy Affair is an easy- sonalized weather vane or custom fire- nia, has written three small books offering to-read book full of information important place tools? Or perhaps a hand-woven insights into their ways of life. These to all who find it their job to prepare food rya rug, table runners, or throw pillows— books are intended not to be an in-depth for others, and also information each of us each item made by yourself? If you've study, but simply to introduce the reader needs to maintain good health. always had the urge to create some to the three groups. furnishings for the home, you can do it The author, who, I believe, has a Total Vegetarian Cooking Book, Na- now with this new book, Make It! Don't Mennonite background, writes sympa- thaniel Altman, Keats Publishing, Inc., 36 Buy It. thetically but apparently realistically of Grove Street, New Canaan, Connecticut Make It! Don't Buy It is actually two each group, not hesitating to point out its 06840, 1981, 230 pages, $2.95 paper- books in one. First, it's a book of plans weak, as well as strong, points. back. with step-by-step instructions for making In each case the historical roots are There are persuasive reasons why thirty-five designer-quality items for the briefly traced, including the religious, as vegetarianism is the best diet, according home or for gifts or just for the fun and well as political, beginnings in Europe. to the author of this book, not the least of satisfaction of working with the hands. In the case of the Hutterites and which is economic. For example: "An Second, the book serves as an invaluable Mennonites, there are subgroups. There acre of land producing feed for cattle, instruction manual of basic and are three groups of Hutterites, each "like hogs, poultry, or milk can provide a advanced techniques for working with a separate denomination, with its own moderately active adult with protein three different kinds of materials: wood, discipline, and marriages seldom occur requirements for less than 250 days. An metal, and fiber. between members of the three . . . acre devoted to dry edible beans will take More than one thousand photos and groups" (Hutterite Life, p. 14). The Men- care of his or her protein needs for over illustrations show the critical steps in the nonite persuasion, which is by far the 1,100 days."—Page 14. That's referring building process and how each finished largest of the three groups, has many to economy on a national level. On a project will look. This combination of branches. "Mennonites of various races personal level it is even more persuasive. drawings, photographs, and "exploded now live in forty nations and speak many Flesh foods can cost from 25 to 50 views" make this volume a helpful guide.

YOUR LIFE AND HEALTH-JANUARY 1984 29 Acting Editor "Ws June in January" THOMAS A. DAVIS Once upon a time when the world was young—or at least several decades younger than it is Editorial Secretary now—there was a popular song entitled "It's June in January." It was, as some of you will CLARA B. BURTNETT remember (and others, bearing fewer years, may guess), one of those oozily sentimental Art Director things. But the title handily describes the somewhat mixed-up time frame of a monthly BYRON STEELE magazine editor. He, or she, has to live in two seasons of the year at the same time, as it were. This is because he works on copy for magazines that the subscriber will read five or six months Design Director from that time. ROBERT WRIGHT To illustrate. Last July I was talking with Clara (that's Clara of Kitchen fame) about the Circulation Manager glorious Fourth. But she was amused to find that I kept referring to it as Thanksgiving. ROBERT S. SMITH A slip of the tongue it was! But with good reason. At the time I was preoccupied with Advertising Manager planning the November issue and couldn't get my mental time machine to go back to the TOM KAPUSTA actual month—July. New authors are bemused sometimes when they send us, let's say in June, an article that, Medical Consultants they suggest, would be well suited to our August issue. Sorry, "months too late," we have to ALBERT S. WHITING, M.D. tell them. Already by that time we are getting out the Christmas bells and bunting. SAMUEL L. DE SHAY, M.D. Monthly magazine editors, then, usually live in two worlds—the present one, and one that Dental Health Consultants is six months or so in the future. ELDON E. CARMAN, D.D.S. So although a blizzard may be swirling fiercely about your cozy home as you sit in your ELMER KELLN, D.D.S. living room right now, reading this, and the temperature may go to six below, I may be sitting Ob/Gyn Consultant in my office, thinking June. June in January! And June is a good month to think about in RONALD M. NELSON, M.D., January. F.A.C.O.G. But, of course, as I write about these matters it is only August. All so very confusing, no doubt. Ophthalmic Consultant One night last August one of my colleagues had a sleeping problem, so he got up and RALPH E. LONGWAY, M.D. switched on his television. The result is our cover story for this month. For what he saw was Pediatric Consultant Ruth Zakarian, of Amsterdam, New York, being introduced as Miss Teen USA 1984. He told JOHN W. MACE, M.D. us about it, and we got veteran interviewer Ralph Blodgett to contact her. Ruth's values are such that we recommend them to all America's youth. Psychiatry Consultant I remembered him as a small boy two or three grades behind me in school. I saw him again, CYRIL G. HARDY, M.D. many years later. When he introduced himself to me, my inward reaction was shock, because SDA Dietetic Association he looked old, about twenty years older than I knew him to be. Some people do seem to age Nutrition Consultant more rapidly than others. This question of biological and chronological age is taken up in the ALICE G. MARSH, Sc.D., R.D. article "How Old Are You, Really?" (page 11). All of us are in favor of cooking, inasmuch as we all like to eat. But most of us don't think of VOL. 99, No. 1 that activity as a means of helping people with medical or emotional problems. But occupational therapist Arlene Price shares with us (page 24) information on how cooking is 1 used as a healing art. I Only people with hearing problems can truly empathize with Doris Crandall ("I Can Hear! I Can Hear!" [page 14]), although others of us will catch a little of the thrill of her really being I able to hear after long years of looking—looking for an answer to her problem. I a_ Complementing this is "Hearing Aid Hall of Fame" (page 16), in which we take a look at N some of the devices used in other years to help the hard-of-hearing. Just one more reminder of a how fortunate we are in this day of microtechnology! You who have spent time as a patient in a hospital will be sympathetic with Goldie Down as O she describes the occasion when she went to the hospital for a rest (page 18). But be sure to 0 read in conjunction with it the bit in the box: "Help Me Make It Through the Night." ol E That isn't all. There's more, all calculated to bring some reader of YOUR LIFE AND HEALTH help _C and information he or she can use. So, with this first issue of 1984, we end The Last Word by wishing you— A Happy New Year

a -5 in c _J WA 0 r--, „,E-, LL C ,4 O ,; ▪ Cc a?" CD 0 0 a2v."Orr C .D .E• 00°'w 0 , 0 J .0)7D” 1,6 al -0 t? ° a S Ei..0 vii J 30 YOUR LIFE AND HEALTH—JANUARY 1984 Spaghetti and Mashed Potatoes

When Mom decided to go back to work, I volun- teered to help out by cooking dinner during the week. I thought all I'd have to do was thumb through some cookbooks and try a few recipes. Or in a pinch, open up a couple of cans and throw some stuff together. No one told me anything about balanced meals until the night I served spaghetti and mashed potatoes (my two favorite foods). That's when Mom got me a Basic Food Groups poster from Your Life and Health. It lists the four food groups—vegetable-fruit, bread-cereal, protein, and milk—and how many servings from each group you need on a daily basis. It also tells you the types of foods that are in each group (a big help for me). It's a handy reference guide even for the most experienced cook. Now, before I prepare dinner, I check my poster first. My meals are a whole lot more nutritious. I sometimes still serve spaghetti and mashed potatoes—but not together. To order your copy of the beau- tiful, full-color Basic Food Groups poster, fill out the cou- pon below. k-

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