Tibialis Posterior Tendon Transfer Corrects the Foot Drop Component
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Iliopsoas Tendonitis/Bursitis Exercises
ILIOPSOAS TENDONITIS / BURSITIS What is the Iliopsoas and Bursa? The iliopsoas is a muscle that runs from your lower back through the pelvis to attach to a small bump (the lesser trochanter) on the top portion of the thighbone near your groin. This muscle has the important job of helping to bend the hip—it helps you to lift your leg when going up and down stairs or to start getting out of a car. A fluid-filled sac (bursa) helps to protect and allow the tendon to glide during these movements. The iliopsoas tendon can become inflamed or overworked during repetitive activities. The tendon can also become irritated after hip replacement surgery. Signs and Symptoms Iliopsoas issues may feel like “a pulled groin muscle”. The main symptom is usually a catch during certain movements such as when trying to put on socks or rising from a seated position. You may find yourself leading with your other leg when going up the stairs to avoid lifting the painful leg. The pain may extend from the groin to the inside of the thigh area. Snapping or clicking within the front of the hip can also be experienced. Do not worry this is not your hip trying to pop out of socket but it is usually the iliopsoas tendon rubbing over the hip joint or pelvis. Treatment Conservative treatment in the form of stretching and strengthening usually helps with the majority of patients with iliopsoas bursitis. This issue is the result of soft tissue inflammation, therefore rest, ice, anti- inflammatory medications, physical therapy exercises, and/or injections are effective treatment options. -
Physio Med Self Help for Achilles Tendinopathy
Physio Med Self Help 0113 229 1300 for Achilles Tendinopathy Achilles tendon injuries are common, often evident in middle aged runners to non-sporting individuals. They are often characterised by pain in the tendon, usually at the beginning and end of exercise, pain and stiffness first thing in the morning or after sitting for long periods. There is much that can be done to both speed up the healing and prevent re-occurrence. Anatomy of the Area The muscles of your calf (the gastrocnemius and soleus) are the muscles which create the force needed to push your foot off the floor when walking, running and jumping, or stand up on your toes. The Achilles tendon is the fibrous band that connects these muscles to your heel. You may recognise the term ‘Achilles Tendonitis’ which was the previous name used for Achilles Tendinopathy. However the name has changed as it is no longer thought to be a totally inflammatory condition, but rather an overuse injury causing pain, some localised inflammation and degeneration of the thick Achilles tendon at the back of the ankle. Potential causes of Achilles Tendinopathy and advice on how to prevent it • Poor footwear or sudden change in training surface e.g. sand makes the calf work harder » Wear suitable shoes for the activity (type, fit and condition of footwear). » Take account of the surface you are exercising on and if soft and unstructured like sand or loose soil reduce the intensity / duration or take a short break or reduce any load you are carrying into smaller loads until you become conditioned to it. -
Achilles Tendon Injuries EXPERT CONSULTANT: Michael S
SPORTS TIP Achilles Tendon Injuries EXPERT CONSULTANT: Michael S. George, MD The Achilles tendon is one of the largest, can mask symptoms and lead to greater While partial tears are typically treated thickest, strongest tendons in the human injury as the athlete tries to play through non-operatively, complete Achilles body. It connects the calf muscles to the the pain. tears may be treated both with surgical heel bone, and allows the heel to push off repair and without surgery. While most the ground during movement. Problems Achilles Tendon Ruptures competitive athletes typically undergo affecting the Achilles tendon vary from The Achilles tendon is one of the most surgical repair of the torn Achilles, some mild inflammation and tendinopathy, commonly ruptured tendons in the human recent research studies have shown to partial tears, to complete ruptures. body. The tendon can rupture as the that outcomes may be similar in the athlete is coming down from a jump, general population between tears treated Achilles Tendinopathy and also during a start-and-stop motion operatively and non-operatively. Therefore, Tendinopathy (otherwise known as of many sports. the decision as to whether surgical or non-surgical treatment is chosen should tendinitis or tendinosis) typically results In cases of a complete rupture, a sudden be made by the patient and the treating from repetitive microtrauma and tendon pop or snap is typically felt in the back physician, and should include careful overuse, such as may occur with sports of the ankle, sometimes “as if someone consideration of such factors as the and exercise, and manifests as tendon kicked the leg,” while running, jumping, patient’s age, activity level, and other degeneration and inflammation of the or quickly changing directions. -
Plantar Fascia-Specific Stretching Program for Plantar Fasciitis
Plantar Fascia-Specific Stretching Program For Plantar Fasciitis Plantar Fascia Stretching Exercise 1. Cross your affected leg over your other leg. 2. Using the hand on your affected side, take hold of your affected foot and pull your toes back towards shin. This creates tension/stretch in the arch of the foot/plantar fascia. 3. Check for the appropriate stretch position by gently rubbing the thumb of your unaffected side left to right over the arch of the affected foot. The plantar fascia should feel firm, like a guitar string. 4. Hold the stretch for a count of 10. A set is 10 repetitions. 5. Perform at least 3 sets of stretches per day. You cannot perform the stretch too often. The most important times to stretch are before taking the first step in the morning and before standing after a period of prolonged sitting. Plantar Fascia Stretching Exercise 1 2 3 4 URMC Orthopaedics º 4901 Lac de Ville Boulevard º Building D º Rochester, NY 14618 º 585-275-5321 www.ortho.urmc.edu Over, Please Anti-inflammatory Medicine Anti-inflammatory medicine will help decrease the inflammation in the arch and heel of your foot. These include: Advil®, Motrin®, Ibuprofen, and Aleve®. 1. Use the medication as directed on the package. If you tolerate it well, take it daily for 2 weeks then discontinue for 1 week. If symptoms worsen or return, then resume medicine for 2 weeks, then stop. 2. You should eat when taking these medications, as they can be hard on your stomach. Arch Support 1. -
Chronic Tibialis Anterior Tendon Tear Treated with an Achilles Tendon Allograft Technique
n tips & techniques Section Editor: Steven F. Harwin, MD Chronic Tibialis Anterior Tendon Tear Treated With an Achilles Tendon Allograft Technique Ezequiel Palmanovich, MD; Yaron S. Brin, MD; Lior Laver, MD; Dror Ben David, MD; Sabri Massrawe, MD; Meir Nyska, MD; Iftach Hetsroni, MD tus,16,17 rheumatoid arthritis,17 erative tibialis anterior tendon Abstract: Tibialis anterior tendon tear is an uncommon in- psoriasis,18 and deposition of was diagnosed clinically and jury. Nontraumatic or degenerative tears are usually seen gout tophi19,20 also have been confirmed by ultrasound. in the avascular zone of the tendon. Treatment can be con- reported to be associated with After 3 months of phys- servative or surgical. Conservative treatment is adequate tendon ruptures. In older pa- iotherapy treatment without for low-demand older patients. For active patients, surgical tients and in partial tears, non- improvement, surgical treat- treatment can be challenging for the surgeon because after operative treatment has been ment was recommended. The debridement of degenerative tissue, a gap may be formed described.8,21 patient’s American Orthopae- that can make side-to-side suture impossible. The authors Surgical techniques de- dic Foot and Ankle Society present allograft Achilles tendon insertion for reconstruc- scribed in the literature in- (AOFAS)22 score was 23 and tion of chronic degenerative tears. Using Achilles tendon al- clude direct side-to-side his Foot and Ankle Disabil- lograft has the advantage of bone-to-bone fixation, allowing repair and interposition of ity Index (FADI)23 score was rapid incorporation and earlier full weight bearing. autogenous tendon graft for 34.6 preoperatively. -
Reconstruction of Chronic Achilles Tendon Rupture Using the Semitendinosus Tendon : a Case Report
417 CASE REPORT Reconstruction of chronic Achilles tendon rupture using the semitendinosus tendon : a case report Makoto Takeuchi, Naoto Suzue, Tetsuya Matsuura, Kosaku Higashino, Toshinori Sakai, Daisuke Hamada, Tomohiro Goto, Yoichiro Takata, Toshihiko Nishisho, Yuichiro Goda, Ryosuke Sato, Ichiro Tonogai, Kazuaki Mineta, and Koichi Sairyo Department of Orthopedics, the University of Tokushima, Tokushima, Japan Abstract : Achilles tendon rupture is a common trauma requiring surgical management. For chronic Achilles tendon rupture in particular, reconstructive surgery is desirable and several methods have been described. Here we present a case of chronic Achilles tendon rupture reconstructed using the semitendinosus tendon because of the difficulty in pulling down the proximal stump to reach the distal stump and due to an insufficient margin for hooking a suture to the distal stump. Postoperatively, the patient had a fully functional tendon and resumed his normal activities of daily living. Using this surgical technique, we expect favorable outcomes in cases of Achilles tendon rupture. J. Med. Invest. 61 : 417-420, August, 2014 Keywords : Achilles tendon reconstruction, chronic rupture, semitendinosus tendon INTRODUCTION technique over another has not been demonstrated and optimal surgical management of Achilles ten- Achilles tendon rupture represents more than 40% don rupture remains controversial (5). Among the of all tendon ruptures requiring surgical manage- available options, the semitendinosus tendon has ment (1). Although it can be managed conserva- been used for open reconstruction of chronic Achil- tively or operatively, the re-rupture rate of operative les tendon rupture with encouraging results (6). In treatment is typically lower than that of conserva- this report, we describe a case of chronic Achilles tive therapy (2, 3). -
Medical Terminology Abbreviations Medical Terminology Abbreviations
34 MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY ABBREVIATIONS MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY ABBREVIATIONS The following list contains some of the most common abbreviations found in medical records. Please note that in medical terminology, the capitalization of letters bears significance as to the meaning of certain terms, and is often used to distinguish terms with similar acronyms. @—at A & P—anatomy and physiology ab—abortion abd—abdominal ABG—arterial blood gas a.c.—before meals ac & cl—acetest and clinitest ACLS—advanced cardiac life support AD—right ear ADL—activities of daily living ad lib—as desired adm—admission afeb—afebrile, no fever AFB—acid-fast bacillus AKA—above the knee alb—albumin alt dieb—alternate days (every other day) am—morning AMA—against medical advice amal—amalgam amb—ambulate, walk AMI—acute myocardial infarction amt—amount ANS—automatic nervous system ant—anterior AOx3—alert and oriented to person, time, and place Ap—apical AP—apical pulse approx—approximately aq—aqueous ARDS—acute respiratory distress syndrome AS—left ear ASA—aspirin asap (ASAP)—as soon as possible as tol—as tolerated ATD—admission, transfer, discharge AU—both ears Ax—axillary BE—barium enema bid—twice a day bil, bilateral—both sides BK—below knee BKA—below the knee amputation bl—blood bl wk—blood work BLS—basic life support BM—bowel movement BOW—bag of waters B/P—blood pressure bpm—beats per minute BR—bed rest MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY ABBREVIATIONS 35 BRP—bathroom privileges BS—breath sounds BSI—body substance isolation BSO—bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy BUN—blood, urea, nitrogen -
Morphology of the Patellar Tendon and the Contractility Response of the Quadriceps: Symmetry and Gender Analysis
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Article Morphology of the Patellar Tendon and the Contractility Response of the Quadriceps: Symmetry and Gender Analysis Pablo Abián 1 , Fernando Martínez 2, Fernando Jiménez 2 and Javier Abián-Vicén 2,* 1 Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Comillas Pontifical University, 28049 Madrid, Spain; [email protected] 2 Performance and Sport Rehabilitation Laboratory, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 45071 Toledo, Spain; [email protected] (F.M.); [email protected] (F.J.) * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +34-925268800 (ext. 5522) Abstract: The purpose of the study was to describe the differences between the dominant and non- dominant leg regarding contractility response and quadriceps strength and the morphology and stiffness of the patellar tendon (PT) in a group of physically active men and women. Fifty physically active subjects (36 men and 14 women) were evaluated for morphology and stiffness of the PT, contractility response of the rectus femoris of the quadriceps, isometric strength of the quadriceps and hamstrings, and isokinetic strength (concentric and eccentric) at 60◦/s of the knee extensors. The measurements were made on the subject’s dominant and non-dominant leg. The men showed a greater thickness of the PT in both legs compared to the women. Regarding the contractility response, the women recorded a 10.1 ± 16.2% (p = 0.038) greater contraction time (ct) in the dominant versus Citation: Abián, P.; Martínez, F.; the non-dominant leg and the men recorded 11.9% (p = 0.040) higher values in the dominant leg Jiménez, F.; Abián-Vicén, J. -
Study Guide Medical Terminology by Thea Liza Batan About the Author
Study Guide Medical Terminology By Thea Liza Batan About the Author Thea Liza Batan earned a Master of Science in Nursing Administration in 2007 from Xavier University in Cincinnati, Ohio. She has worked as a staff nurse, nurse instructor, and level department head. She currently works as a simulation coordinator and a free- lance writer specializing in nursing and healthcare. All terms mentioned in this text that are known to be trademarks or service marks have been appropriately capitalized. Use of a term in this text shouldn’t be regarded as affecting the validity of any trademark or service mark. Copyright © 2017 by Penn Foster, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of the material protected by this copyright may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the copyright owner. Requests for permission to make copies of any part of the work should be mailed to Copyright Permissions, Penn Foster, 925 Oak Street, Scranton, Pennsylvania 18515. Printed in the United States of America CONTENTS INSTRUCTIONS 1 READING ASSIGNMENTS 3 LESSON 1: THE FUNDAMENTALS OF MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY 5 LESSON 2: DIAGNOSIS, INTERVENTION, AND HUMAN BODY TERMS 28 LESSON 3: MUSCULOSKELETAL, CIRCULATORY, AND RESPIRATORY SYSTEM TERMS 44 LESSON 4: DIGESTIVE, URINARY, AND REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM TERMS 69 LESSON 5: INTEGUMENTARY, NERVOUS, AND ENDOCRINE S YSTEM TERMS 96 SELF-CHECK ANSWERS 134 © PENN FOSTER, INC. 2017 MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY PAGE III Contents INSTRUCTIONS INTRODUCTION Welcome to your course on medical terminology. You’re taking this course because you’re most likely interested in pursuing a health and science career, which entails proficiencyincommunicatingwithhealthcareprofessionalssuchasphysicians,nurses, or dentists. -
Achilles Tendon Rupture Treated with Vacoped® Boot
Achilles tendon rupture treated with VACOped® Boot: rehabilitation programme and exercises Information for patients from the Trauma and Orthopaedics (T&O) Team and Therapies Department This sheet is designed to give you an outline of how your rehabilitation will progress as you recover from your Achilles tendon rupture. It is only a guide and can be changed to meet your individual needs. The following time frame is a guide and may change depending on your individual progress. If you are fitted into a VACOped® Boot out of hours, please contact the William Harvey Hospital Fracture Clinic on the number 01233 616235, and provide your name, date of birth, and date of injury. We will make sure you are appropriately followed-up. What is an Achilles tendon rupture and what are the benefits of the VACOped® Boot? An Achilles tendon rupture is a break of the tendon that is at the back of your ankle and connects the calf with the back of your foot. When that tendon breaks, it affects gait and walking. In order to heal the tendon, you need both ends to be brought closer together. For that to happen, you need to have your foot pointing down (equinus position) and to have your movement restricted for the first four weeks. After that, you can start moving gently. Wearing the VACOped® Boot can help this to happen more easily. The treatment with the boot will take about nine to 10 weeks (unless advised otherwise). However, full recovery can take up to a year, so you need to be aware and sensible about your affected leg, follow the advice from the professionals looking after you, and do not push yourself too much, as there is a risk for your Achilles tendon to re-rupture. -
Proximal Hamstring Repair
Proximal Hamstring Repair Precautions: Avoid hip flexion combined with knee extension. Avoid unsafe surfaces and environments. Timeframes for each phase may be extended if previous phase goals are not met. Protection of the repaired tendon is most important. Phase I (0 – 6 weeks post-op) Wound care: Observe for signs of infection Modalities: prn for pain and inflammation (ice, IFC) Brace: Brace use is determined by the surgeon at the time of surgery. If brace is used, flexion is restricted to 60 degrees Gait: o Slow progression from 20% to 50%, as tolerated o Use axillary crutches for up to 6 weeks, as needed Exercises: Quad sets, Ankle pumps, Core isometrics, PROM of the knee with no combination of hip flexion with knee extension, Hip abduction, Hip extension, Balance exercises o May start pool walking drills at 3 – 4 weeks post-op. o Scar mobilizations as tolerated Phase II (6 weeks – 3 months post-op) Goals: o Normalize gait o Good control and no pain with functional movements, including step up/down, squats, and partial lunges (less than 60 degrees of knee flexion) Precauations: o Avoid dynamic stretching o Avoid loading of the hip at deep flexion angles o No plyometrics or running Exercises: o Non-impact balance and proprioceptive drills, beginning with bilateral and slowly progressing to single leg o Stationary bike o Gait training o Begin hamstring strengthening . Start by avoiding lengthened hamstring position (hip flexion combined with knee extension) by working hip extension and knee flexion moments separately . Begin -
Organization of the Lower Limb Audrone Biknevicius, Ph.D
www.thestudio1.co.za Organization of the Lower Limb Audrone Biknevicius, Ph.D. Dept. Biomedical Sciences, OU HCOM at Dublin Clinical Anatomy Immersion 2015 LIMB FUNCTION choco-locate.com blog.coolibar.com Mobility versus Body weight support Dexterity Locomotion Equilibrium & Stability 2 Pectoral Girdle Pelvic Girdle Mobility versus Body weight support Dexterity Locomotion Equilibrium & Stability 3 Arm – forearm – hand Thigh – leg – foot 4 CORRECTED SLIDE #5 The upper and lower limbs are innervated by: A. Posterior (dorsal) rami of spinal nn. B. Anterior (ventral) rami of spinal nn. 50% 50% Posterior (dorsal) rami of spin.. Anterior (ventral) rami of sp... 5 Week 5 RULE #1 Limbs are outgrowths of the ventral body wall Upper limb: C5-T1 trunk segments Lower limb: L2-S3 trunk segments (morphogenesis ~1-2 days later) 6 Week 7 RULE #1 (continued) Limbs are outgrowths of the ventral body wall that undergo distal growth, differentiation and rotation 7 Before rotation en.wikipedia.org • Pollex and hallux both preaxial • Anteriomedially-directed palms and soles 8 Post rotation embryology.med.unsw.edu.au Upper limb rotates 90◦ laterally: Lower limb rotates 90◦ medially: -Extensor mm. on posterior surface -Extensor mm. on anterior surface -Future elbow directed posteriorly -Future knee directed anteriorly -Supine hand in anatomical position -Foot fixed in prone position -Pollex positioned laterally -Hallux positioned medially 9 RULE #2: Innervation of lower limb mm. established in early embryogenesis – resulted in dedicated nerve-compartment relationships Spinal nerve Dorsal primary ramus Ventral primary ramus (L2-S3) Anterior (ventral) division Posterior (dorsal) division limb axis 10 Stern Essential of Gross Anatomy “Roots of BP” Brachial Plexus (=ventral rami) (right side; simplified) C5 Trunks C6 Divisions U C7 Cord M C8 Lat L Terminal T1 Branches Post Musculocutaneous n.