Haibane Renmei Lesson Plan

Haibane Renmei

Christian Education Lesson Plan To Accompany the Anime Series

July 2006 Disclaimer: Neither the creator of this work, Yoshitoshi ABe, nor the publishers (Pioneer, Geneon Entertainment (USA), Inc., Rondo Robe, New Generation Pictures, Aureole Secret Factory and FUJI Television) were consulted in the development of this lesson guide. Actually, as can be observed in the special features on the DVDs, yoshitoshi ABe specifically states that this work was not intended to be any theological statement, but rather a personal view of an episode of salvation in his life (whether this is “salvation” in the Christian sense is unclear, but it seems likely that he is referring to something else). The symbols he uses, many of which will be readily apparent to Christian viewers, were something he thought up. Therefore, the attachment of any Christian meaning or themes to this work is strictly the impression of the author of this lesson plan, based on their impressions upon viewing the series. There are other interpretations of this series, even by the author of this plan, which may or may not lend themselves to similar Christian education experiences.

Legal Matters: Haibane Renmei (aka Charcoal Feathers in Old Home) is a 13 episode animated series. It is copyrighted material. The use of episode discussions, questions and incidental quotes from this series is believed by the author of this lesson plan to be well within allowances under Fair Use provisions of the US Copyright Law. To maintain the protection of this portion of the law however, the users of this plan must ensure they 1) use a legally obtained copy of the series DVDs for viewing and 2) do not charge admission for viewing the series. The forgoing is obviously not a complete restatement of the Fair Use provisions of US Copyright Law; it is intended only as a reminder of the basic requirements for using copyrighted material for educational purposes. The complete text of the law as it applies here can be located here under sections 107 & 110: http://www.copyright.gov/title17/92chap1.html

Acknowledgements: SP1 would like to thank ClosetOtaku for his consistent and in-depth reviews of this lesson plan as it was being developed. Thanks also to kazekami, Talame, Kisa and glitch1501 for their support and review. To the Sunday School Class, who will remain nameless, that let me use them as “guinea pigs” for the first test run, thank you, and to answer those burning questions that come to mind when viewing Japanese animation for the first time: 1) No, Speed Racer does not show up to save the day at any point in this series, and 2) The girls’ eyes are SO BIG because they are cuter that way (and more expressive and easier to draw). These are actual questions from the test run class! What would they say after seeing Digicharat? Lastly, thank you so much to Ashley and crew at the most excellent forum site of the Christian Anime Alliance, www.christiananime.com. Haibane Renmei (Charcoal Feathers Old Home)

Lesson guide for use in Christian Study of the series

Using this guide: This lesson guide is intended to be used for group discussion of each of the 13 episodes of the Japanese anime Haibane Renmei. After a brief introduction to the series in the first meeting/lesson, the basic structure of each lesson will be the same: viewing an episode followed by discussion of selected symbols or concepts concentrated along a central theme. When practical, Bible verses that speak to the theme will be listed.

For the leader: Although this may seem like a simple story from viewing the first few episodes, there is a much more complex theme going on. It is strongly recommended that the leader view the series in its entirety before conducting the lessons. This way you can gauge the visuals, language and themes as to suitability for your group. It will also help you become familiar with the characters who have similar names (Rakka and Reki for example). It is believed that most groups targeting teens, especially older teens, and adults will not have a problem with the material. Virtually all of the central characters in this series are female, therefore groups that are composed mostly of males might have more trouble connecting with the series.

Allow at least an hour for the class session, since the episodes are about 22 minutes long. Some of the more complex episodes may lead to longer discussions.

Avoid handing out this lesson plan in advance of the group viewing any episodes. You don’t want to give away the good parts! You can make copies of the individual lessons and hand them out after each episode is viewed, or else just teach from the plan without any handouts.

Therefore I tell you, do not worry about your life, what you will eat or what you will drink, or about your body, what you will wear. Is not life more than food, and the body more than clothing? Look at the birds of the air; they neither sow nor reap nor gather into barns, and yet your heavenly Father feeds them. Are you not of more value than they? And can any of you by worrying add a single hour to your span of life? And why do you worry about clothing? Consider the lilies of the field, how they grow. They neither toil nor spin, yet I tell you, even Solomon in all his glory was not clothed like one of these. But if God so clothes the grass of the field, which is alive today and tomorrow is thrown into the oven, will he not much more clothe you – you of little faith? Therefore do not worry, saying ‘What will we eat?’ or ‘What will we drink?’ or ‘What will we wear?’ For it is the Gentiles who strive for all these things; and indeed your heavenly Father knows that you need all these things. But strive first for the kingdom of God and his righteousness, and all these things will be given to you as well. [Matthew 6:25-33, text from the New Revised Standard Version] Episode 1: Cocoon - Dream of Falling from the Sky - Old Home

The episode starts off with a girl, later to be named Rakka, falling from the sky accompanied by a crow, which seems to be trying to hold her up. We next see Rakka hatch, as it were, from a large, water-filled cocoon in an abandoned room in an old villa, with several Haibane in attendance. One, called Reki, seems to know what is happening and quite concerned about preparations, etc. Once Rakka emerges, Reki spends a lot of time staying with her to help her adapt. Rakka receives her name from Reki; Rakka means “falling” and this is all that Rakka remembers. Rakka’s small, charcoal-gray wings (hence the name, Haibane) emerge in a rather painful episode (and the only one like it in the series, the leader can assure the class), and she receives a halo, which doesn’t stay on at first.

For the leader: Obviously, the Haibane are not angels. Reki smokes and swears (mildly) some. They have gray wings. They do not fly. They eat mortal food and appear to live in a run-down villa near a town where at least a few of them work. The symbol of the crow will be developed later in the series, so we will skip that for now and just focus on the arrival of Rakka.

Central theme: The arrival of Rakka is not unlike the receipt of a new Christian into the church body. The fact that she is clearly “born again” of water is an obvious link. Also consider the various ages of the Haibane: they seem to emerge at varying ages, they do not all start out as babies. Kuu seems upset at the thought of Rakka being born older that she is (she wanted a younger sister). This is clearly a traumatic experience for Rakka. As you follow the questions below, consider how you, and your church, treat the new brothers and sisters to your congregation.

Suggested questions/scripture reading:

Q1 The watchmaker says, “I’m treating you hard because you have potential. Don’t complain.” Does he treat Kana the same way as Kana treats the birds? [Read I Timothy 6:6-10.]

Q2 Kana muses, “I wonder why the Haibane work? The town is extremely protective of us. They treat us as their children. Maybe we work to avoid being indebted to the town.” The Haibane have jobs and do “work.” However, it’s not really difficult work, so to some extent they are dependent on the townsfolk. Why do the people support the Haibane like this? Might the Haibane be considered a good example, even though the townsfolk are not exactly like them. Consider the acceptance of the early Christians (note: not in Jerusalem and before Roman persecution), a group of good, peaceful people that got along with their neighbors.

Q3 “Everyone else is working in a job they really like to do,” Rakka says. “I don’t know what I am supposed to be doing.” What role model do the Haibane have to aspire to? Do they have any instruction or plan? How does this compare to humans on earth? How are we better off with our spiritual guide?

Q4 Reki accuses Nemu of “abusing her power” when she is given a second hand (but nice) tea set by someone at the library. Did she? Is it OK for some Christians to have “nice things” when others are doing without? [Read I Timothy 6:17-19.]

Q5 Rakka tries out several jobs in Glie, working with an experienced Haibane to see if it suits her. She is expected to get a job and earn her keep almost immediately out of the cocoon. How is putting new Christians to “work” early in their spiritual life important? What type of work should they do, and who should assist them? [See Acts 16:1-5 for a discussion of how Timothy joined Paul’s missionary work].

Q6 Rakka enjoyed this day. She learns not to judge people by appearances. Kana thinks she means the watchmaker, but Rakka says it’s not him. If not, who?

Closing Prayer: Lord, there is much work to be done in your church. Give us the wisdom to give each of us the tasking we need, and the strength energy to take on this task with zeal.

Episode 5: Library – Abandoned Factory – The Beginning of the World

The episode centers mostly on Rakka’s days with Nemu working at the town library. The head librarian, a human, is pregnant and very close to her due date. She discusses Haibane birth with Rakka. Nemu shows some anxiety at the fact that the librarian will be going on maternity leave in only four days. Nemu has been working on a re-write of an old book as a present for the librarian, but has a serious creativity block. Rakka steps in and offers a story ending that Nemu uses.

For discussion: The flashbacks of Nemu and the librarian discussing the old book “The Beginning of the World” show that despite emerging out of the cocoon at some age other than infancy, the Haibane do, in fact, age. Nemu looks to be in her early 20’s, and the flier that comes with the first DVD says she’s been in the walled 9 years. The Haibane have personal relationships, too; we learn that Reki and a Haibane boy from the Abandoned Factory (a co- ed Haibane settlement) hung out together for a while. This apparently did not go well, and they are now restricted to different districts. About this time Nemu and Reki were the only inhabitants of Old Home. Take note of Kuu’s behavior at the end of the episode, but don’t dwell on this too much.

Central theme: Unlike some religions, Christians are blessed with scripture that is not always so rosy, so willing only to depict perfect events. Sometimes God’s creation doesn’t go as well as desired. However, throughout the Bible we are repeatedly shown that ultimately, God’s will is that which prevails. God keeps his promises, his covenant, even if we don’t keep up our end of the bargain so well.

Suggested questions/scripture reading:

Q1 In the Haibane creation story, God makes two “mistakes.” What are they? Does God make mistakes? [Read Genesis 1:1 – 2:3 for the beautiful story of our creation. Contrast this with the beginning of the flood narrative in Genesis 6:5-7.]

Q2 Rakka says to the librarian regarding her cocoon experience, “I think I remember feeling in my dream that someone was protecting me.” The librarian thanks Rakka for advice on how a parent should frame her mind. What does the librarian mean? [Read Psalm 23.]

Q3 The library books are basically all from outside the wall, but they are old and obviously screened by someone, since none of them actually discuss the wall or the outside. The librarian discusses how she once wanted to travel beyond the wall, because it seemed that the world must be so wide that it must have a beginning, and she wanted to find it. Now, the librarian has decided that she is content living in Glie, too happy to keep chasing that dream. What is the source of her contentment?

Q4 Rakka notes at the end of the day that “Everybody is mutually supporting each other in ways I had not seen up to now. I wonder if I deserve to be as happy as I feel right now.” Why is Rakka happy? [Read Psalm 133.]

Q5 Nemu, with Rakka’s help, produces a Haibane version of the book “The Beginning of the World” for the librarian. Why is knowing that God created our world so important?

Q6 Some rules are inviolate (like not touching the wall), but some others are flexible (Reki’s smoking and use of a scooter for example). What tenets of Christianity are core requirements? What might vary between denominations? Do we accept these differences on the “flexible” issues, or do they cause division?

Q7 When she visits the library with the little feathers, Reki points out that it has changed. The library used to seem like a place for “scholars only.” Does your church seem like a place for scholars, or does it have a story lady?

Closing Prayer: Lord, help us to tell the wondrous story of your creation to all the children. Give us the wisdom to support one another with the loving protection of Christ’s church, sharing the work among us all, so that we can realize your kingdom on earth. Episode 6: End of Summer – Rain - Loss

The episode focuses on Kuu: her maturation and day of flight.

For discussion: Pay close attention to the changes in Kuu’s behavior in this episode, especially in light of how she has been up to now. Reki and Rakka have a brief discussion. Rakka asks why the town is protected by a wall. Reki responds, “To protect us.” Rakka asks, “Protect us from what.” Reki’s answer, “From all that is not good. Or, perhaps, from what we aren’t supposed to know,” is cut short by a very loud thunderclap, just as Rakka responds “That’s not…”

At one point, Rakka refers to the city as a nest. Later, Reki muses after Kuu’s departure, “In the end, everybody leaves me.”

Central theme: Kuu no longer has to pretend to be what she isn’t anymore. “Inside my mind, there is a very beautiful clear cup. Finally, today I felt that my cup was completely full.” With this she embarks on her final journey in the walled city of Glie.

Suggested questions/scripture reading:

Q1 Kuu thanks Rakka for giving her some of the drops in her cup. How do fellow Christians help fill each of our “cups?” Is this enough to completely fill us? What else is needed? [Read Psalm 23]

Q2 In the ruins in the Western Woods, Rakka finds nothing left of Kuu except for a few feathers and her halo, which is now a dull metal color. Why didn’t the halo go with Kuu? What is the difference between the way the Haibane enter the world and leave it? Are we any different? Consider the possibility that Kuu had moved beyond the need to be marked as special or separate. [Read Matthew 6:19-21 & 24]

Q3 Kana is incredulous when she hears that Kuu’s day of flight has come: “Until I can see it for myself, I can’t believe it. It’s just a myth.” Who does this remind you of? [Read John 20:19-29.]

Q4 The rest of the Haibane at Old Home put themselves at no small risk rushing off into the Western Woods in the middle of a thunderstorm to find Kuu. What are they looking for? The Haibane are not very well acquainted with the Day of Flight, yet are expected to aspire to it. What resources don't they have for spiritual education that we do? What about when compared with early (pre-Bible) Christians?

Q5 When some of the Haibane express concern about Kuu wandering in the storm, Reki responds “A guiding hand is given to the Haibane on their day of flight.” Fortunately, we don’t have to stumble about until we are “filled” to receive our guiding hand. What had to happen for human beings to receive this guidance? [Read John 14:15-17 and 25-28. If time permits, read all of John ch. 14 instead.]

Closing Prayer: Thank Jesus for his mighty sacrifice so that we can receive God’s grace of salvation and the guidance of the Holy Spirit. As the Holy Spirit to come into our lives, filling our cup over-flowing, and teaching us to live in righteousness that we may store up our treasures in heaven.

Episode 7: Scar – Illness – Arrival of Winter

The episode deals with Rakka’s descent into depression as she struggles with Kuu’s loss.

For discussion: Your students were probably, up to now, thinking this series was about a bunch of cute, slightly silly but innocent “angels.” That nothing ever bad happens to them, except for maybe some pain in the first day after they are born. Obviously…wrong. All of the Haibane are sad when Kuu’s day of flight arrives, but Rakka is hit hardest. She begins a descent into depression; where she avoids the company, and comfort, of others. She even eats most of her meals in town and, presumably, she has not been working. Rakka’s wings begin to develop black spots, almost like ink stains, that spread. She tries to cut off these spots, but they keep coming back. Reki notices this and whisks Rakka off to her room, where Reki applies some dye to hide the spots and relates the story of Reki’s emergence from the cocoon: alone and with black wings…sin-bound. Although it is not a necessary point to bring up in the class, the first title of this episode, Scar, appears to refer to the line shown on Rakka’s wrist when she first wakes up on the couch.

Central theme: Being left alone. We all have to deal with loss sometimes. Loss of a loved one, especially a close friend or sibling, is even more difficult. If we isolate ourselves from the world, especially the church, in our grief, the restoration of balance is only going to be that much harder. Each of use takes loss differently. It’s easy for the hardest hit of us to look upon the “cheerfulness” of others as evidence that they didn’t care enough, or else don’t understand our pain. This can lead to a cycle of depression. Take hope in what the Bible says about eternal life with our brothers and sisters in Christ.

Suggested questions/scripture reading: Note that the list of questions for this lesson is somewhat longer. If time doesn’t permit, the remaining questions can be asked along with the ones for the next episode without a problem.

Q1 The other Haibane try to console Rakka on the way back from the western woods: “Kuu just went on ahead of us. We will meet here again someday.” Rakka doesn’t accept it this easy. She talks to Kuu (to herself) and wonders whether Kuu cares that the town seems to accept Kuu’s loss. [Read Luke 24:13-26]

Q2 Reki tells Rakka that a good Haibane lives here happily. Once in a while, an unblessed Haibane is born which the town cannot accept. This is called being sin-bound. Notice that when Rakka cries in Reki’s arms that the spots spread rapidly. Within the context of this series, how could Rakka be sinning, or is it as Reki says, just a mistake? Is Rakka being a “good Haibane?” Why not?

Q3 Compare how Reki describes how she felt after Kuramori’s day of flight with how Rakka is feeling right now. [Read Acts 1:3-11 and John 14:18-21]

Q4 Hikari wants to involve Rakka in eating breakfast together and also making wing covers for winter. Reki initially thought it would be a good idea to leave Rakka alone, but is having second thoughts. Is leaving a grieving person alone a good idea? This series has excellent examples of things you should be doing: eating together (fellowship) and getting back to work with a good Christian attitude that causes others to look well upon Christ’s followers. Working (especially God’s work that requires some sacrifice/service on our part) is a very good counter to depression.

Q5 Rakka says “Up to now, I thought thus town was a paradise. Despite our caring and willingness to work together, sad things still happen. Some are suffering from the curses given to them.” Did these sad things happen because someone erred, because someone sinned? Do bad things happen to sinful people that don’t happen to “good Christians?” [Read John 9:1-4 where Jesus refutes this.]

Q6 The boy from Abandoned Factory hides the fact that he is a Haibane from most people. Why? Does this serve the Haibane’s purpose? Does hiding our Christianity from our friends and co-workers serve God’s purpose?

Closing Prayer: Lord, help us to recognize those in our midst who are suffering from loss or abandonment. Give us the strength to be there for them and support them in their grief and pain, all the while treating them with respect and dignity. Episode 8: The Bird

The episode continues an examination of Rakka’s fate as she deals with depression following Kuu’s day of flight.

For discussion: Rakka is still having trouble relating to others. Rakka begins to adopt the same thinking that caused (we can only assume) her death in her previous world. She avoids discussion with the clothing vendor especially. He states “A Haibane should always be in high spirits, with a smile on her face,” and “The townspeople believe that the Haibane receive blessings from above.” Notice that several people have now told Rakka that happiness (that is, the absence of this sadness and depression) is the expected condition of a Haibane. In effect, then, her sadness is having a negative impact on those around her – on the townsfolk’s impression of her. Despite all this, Reki tells Rakka she will always be by Rakka’s side, and not to worry.

The Wall "punishes" (or corrects, if you like) those Haibane (both Rakka and Reki, as we now know) who haven't "learned from their mistakes".

Central theme: You are not alone.

Suggested questions/scripture reading: Also include any remaining questions from Episode 7.

Q1 Rakka states “Everyone says the wall exists for the Haibane, but the Charcoal Feathers are born suddenly and just as suddenly disappear. If I am to suddenly disappear someday without accomplishing something, my existence would be meaningless.” Later, after her discussion with the clothing vendor she says she will “never get better” and “I don’t belong anywhere; no where at all.” What opportunities to accomplish something is Rakka missing? Has she made a difference in Glie with her presence so far? List some examples of why she truly belongs here, and the impact she has had on others.

Q2 What are you accomplishing? Are you, as a Christian, using your God-given gifts to make a difference?What are God’s expectations? Is there punishment for falling short in this mission? [Read the parable of the talents, Matthew 25:14-30 or Luke 19:12-27.]

Q3 Consider what Jesus says of children in Matthew 18:1-7. Do the townspeople relate to the Haibane like this?

Q4 In one of the beautiful metaphors of this series, in the depths of her depression, Rakka ends up literally in the bottom of a well. She finds the skeleton of a crow, that she thinks is the one that accompanied her part way into this world. “I can’t remember anything about who you are, except that you are somebody precious to me. I thought that no one would grieve for me. You were always by my side. You came over the wall just to let me know I was never alone.” She is comforted by this; although she has lost Kuu, she is never alone. Did Jesus Christ come over the wall to try and reach us? How so? How did Jesus let us know we would never be alone, even after he had risen? Have you ever been so spiritually broken that all you could remember about Jesus was that he was there with you? If your class is fairly close-knit, offer the opportunity for some to share this experience. [Read Psalm 139:7-18.]

Q5 Think of how the crows behave toward Rakka: They seem to be ever-present and watching her (sometimes with a very judgmental stare). They signal her to look to the Western Woods when a burst of light indicates Kuu’s day of flight. They lead her to the well, and all the events that transpire within. Do we have something that does this for us? What is it? [Read John 14:25-26.]

Closing Prayer: Lord God, you have assured us through your son Jesus Christ that we are never truly alone. Your Holy Spirit is always there for us, ready for us to reach out and accept its strength and guidance. Thank you for this gracious gift.

Episode 9: Well – Rebirth - Riddle

The episode deals mainly with Rakka getting rescued from the well, her interaction with the Communicator, and her contact with the wall.

For discussion: Note the change in the wind at the start. Wind often represents the Holy Spirit (and in several cases in this series, an upcoming plot change). Rakka starts off in the well reminiscing about the crows and what various people have said about them. She also thinks about her birth and the fact that someone was protecting her. Her mom…dad…she doesn’t know who. After she gets out of the well, Rakka takes a wrong turn and ends up at the wall. She hears Kuu’s voice near to (or from) the wall and she comes closer – eventually touching the wall, something all Haibane are forbidden to do. Shortly after this, the Communicator shows up and scolds her for being near the wall, telling her she did not hear Kuu’s voice, it was just the wall reflecting her own desires. He helps her, some, although it is clear he has some expectations that Rakka deal with the consequences of her actions herself.

The conversation between Rakka and the Communicator is a key to this entire series. [It was in this episode that my thought to produce a lesson plan for Christian viewers was kindled]. “Only those who the wall recognizes as ready to go beyond the wall are permitted to go outside. Therefore, you have no need to worry.”

Rakka eventually makes it back to Old Home, but she is very sick. Perhaps this is a result of breaking so many rules (especially the one about staying away from the wall). Reki notices the symptoms immediately and, once again, knows just what to do. Why would Rakka be punished if she is no longer sinbound? How Reki treats Hikari’s desire to help is an excellent lesson in tact.

Such a study in contrasts! Forgiven Rakka suffers punishment for her actions, while sinful Reki obsesses over her. Then Reki realizes Rakka has been forgiven, and begins to withdraw back into the Circle of Sin. Rakka, meanwhile, is sorry for her actions in her previous life, and in wanting to repent breaks out of the Circle and is no longer sin- bound. Yet Rakka might not live through the night if Reki does not intervene.

Central theme: Recognizing sin…and being forgiven. Rakka recognizes that she has wronged someone who was trying to help her, reach her, who was really there for her. In her grief over Kuu’s departure, she has withdrawn from the town and she doesn’t think she belongs there. Once she recognizes this, she can still miss the person, still regret the wrong, but she is not bound to an endless cycle of grief over people who are no longer with her. She get stand “beside herself” as it were, to see the sin for what it is.

Suggested questions/scripture reading:

Q1 What (actually who) is the first thing Rakka talks about when she gets out of the well?

Q2 The Communicator tells Rakka: “Your rescue from the well was inevitable.” In what would this man put his faith that someone would find Rakka in the middle of nowhere?

Q3 Rakka discusses her feelings in the well, and the Communicator asks, “Why do you have so much grief?” Rakka responds, “I don’t know. I just know I hurt them.” She discusses “wanting to disappear” and then having the dream of falling. “This town is too good to me. I feel so guilty. I have to go back and apologize.” Has Rakka accepted her position as one of the Haibane?

Q4 The Communicator tells Rakka “To recognize ones own sin, is to have no sin.” This confuses Rakka, although after some discussion, she remarks “But if I think I have no sin, then I search for my sin in an endless circle. Is that what it means to be sin bound?” Discuss this issue at length in the class. Compare this to the concept of Repentance (literally turning away) that is so critical to Christian concepts of forgiveness. [Look at Mark 7:14-23 for a discussion of sin from within, not without. (Therefore, by recognizing sin, we have the possibility of turning from it. Were it from without, we might not have the power.) Note that in turning from this sin, others can gain strength from seeing our example of repentance. Also see John 9:39-41 for a similar admonition.]

Q5 Once Rakka makes it back to Old Home, Reki notices that the spot are gone from Rakka’s wings as Rakka says “I want to stay here. I don’t want to go anywhere else.” Reki responds “You’re fine. You are a blessed Haibane. You’re free…and now I’m alone.” Later on, Hikari tells Reki “You don’t have to shoulder everything yourself. We can help.” Reki says to herself later “You know, Rakka doesn’t really need my help, either.”

Q6 Why is it important that we deal with our sin now?

Closing Prayer: Lord help us to understand our sin. Grant us the power of your spirit that we may turn from that sin and in doing so, be forgiven. Reveal your will to us, that with each passing day we will learn to trust our lives to your will…your plan for your kingdom. Episode 10: Kuramori – Haibane of Abandoned Factory – Rakka’s Job

The episode focuses mostly on Reki and her past, and also her upcoming fate.

For discussion: We open with a flashback of Reki’s birth into the world of the Haibane. Contrast this with Rakka’s arrival. Notice how the young Nemu rejects her, as apparently do some of the townspeople. We learn that Reki’s name means “Small stones”, a reference to Reki’s cocoon dream. When Kuramori falls ill trying to get medicine (really a dye) for Reki’s wings, Nemu blames Reki. However, Nemu soon changes her position and the two begin what is a long friendship.

Back to the present, Reki goes to the temple and has some strong words with the Communicator. She blames him for leaving Rakka in the woods. She then discusses Rakka’s apparent success in freeing herself from sin. Apparently, the Communicator used the same riddle with Reki a while back. Rakka got a little help with her riddle, so she is doing better. Reki then finds out she has only a little time left to get it right.

Reki tends to Rakka through her recovery from touching the wall. She makes her a special medicine. “It’s bitter.” “It’s medicine, you just have to take it.” I love that line. Rakka is summoned to the temple, supposedly for punishment, but basically she just gets indoctrinated into her (somewhat spooky) new job.

Central theme: The importance of forgiveness. Nemu forgives Reki her sinbound condition (allowing them to become friends). The bird forgives Rakka for a past hurt and follows her, allowing Rakka to recognize the hurt and learn from this mistake. The members of Abandoned Factory appear to be moving towards forgiveness of Reki.

Suggested questions/scripture reading:

Q1 Reki was sin-bound right out of the cocoon, and was ostracized for this. Only Kuramori protected her, like a mother/mentor. Kuramori wasn’t afraid to be near Reki, not out of pity…she was just there for her. Kuramori says “I’ll always be by your side.” Reki wasn’t aware until later that Haibane eventually leave in a day of flight. When Kuramori left, Reki assumed she just deserted her.

Q2 We learn that sometimes a Haibane emerges and there is no one around. Can this happen to a new Christian? Why would this be bad?

Q3 When Reki blames the communicator for leaving an injured Rakka in the Western Woods, he responds: “The walls are absolute… Even a good Haibane must be punished if she touches the wall”. As a Christian, should you expect wrongs to be forgiven without any punishment? Why is such punishment important?

Q4 Reki was given a riddle to help her be able to understand her sin and, hopefully, move beyond its control. Apparently, Reki hasn’t solve her challenge yet. Rakka has. The Communicator points out that Rakka had help in two ways: 1) the bird followed her here to remind her of someone and 2) this same bird forgave her. Why is forgiveness so critical to breaking out of our own cycle of sin?

Q5 Reki is initially dismissive when the Communicator tells here there is little time. She seems to think if she doesn’t take flight, that’s OK, she’ll just keep doing her current job. The Communicator is adamant that that is not to be the case. There is an ordeal, a reckoning so to speak, the Reki must overcome (the price of failure is not mentioned, but it seems bad). When the Communicator states that such an ordeal comes to all Haibane equally, Reki says that it’s not true, because Kuu left so early and Nemu hasn’t left yet. We learn that Kuu’s reason for leaving was to be a role model. Does this remind you of someone? Nemu, on the other hand, is waiting for Reki to leave first. As Christians, do some of us “get it” early, while some take a long time? Does that mean we are treated equally? [Look at Matthew 20:1-16 for the parable of the laborers in the vineyard with respect to Haibane living in Glie for varying durations before the day of flight.]

Q6 The Communicator tells Reki, “You have always been there for Rakka. You have always done the right thing, and now you must not be envious if Rakka moves forward”. Can Christians be envious of “younger” members who are excelling in their faith? [Read I Timothy 4:12.]

Closing Prayer: God, we thank you for the great gift of forgiveness through Jesus Christ. We also thank you for this Church which you have provided to help us through those times of ordeal and recovery. Help us to appreciate all its members and their contributions, young and old. Episode 11: Parting – Darkness in the Heart – Irreplaceable Thing

The episode delves deeper into Reki’s situation; it seems that even for the Haibane, there is a finite amount of time to break out of the circle of sin. Reki is running out of time, and she knows it. The Communicator, in uncharacteristic candor, tells this to Rakka, who is incredibly upset and strives to help Reki…somehow. We see more of the members of Abandoned Factory – sort of the Haibane version of people from the “rough” part of town.

For discussion: Reki is still in darkness (sin bound). She knows she has only a little time left to figure out her life, but seems resigned to whatever befalls a Haibane that doesn’t get a day of flight.

Central theme: “We walk with empty smiles plastered on our faces.” “She doesn’t want to worry anyone; she doesn’t want to lean on anyone. So she smiles.” When we are not following or seeking God’s will in our lives, we are bound in darkness.

Suggested questions/scripture reading:

Q1 There is some bad history between the Haibane of Old Home and the Abandoned Factory; however this history seems to stem solely from Reki’s interaction with the Haibane boy. Hikari, who made the bagels, and Rakka, who delivered them, are taking steps to heal this rift. How does Rakka’s ignorance of the history help her here? How can this lesson help us in evangelism or mission activities, or in our relationships with Christians of other denominations? Or maybe reaching out to members of your church who no longer regularly attend?

Q2 Reki is becoming increasingly distant. Even one of the children notices it, thinking this is because he is going to visit Abandoned Factory for two weeks. “It’s not like I am going away forever, you know.” Earlier in the series, we saw Rakka display many of the symptoms of serious depression. In Reki’s case, her behavior points to what different, but very grave, problem? By this point in the series, you might realize just you uniquely qualified Rakka is (now) to help Reki. [Read Psalm 88 if time permits for a perspective from an ancient writer who perhaps also has no hope at all.]

Q3 Rakka confides in the Communicator that Reki is acting nervous. In response, he discusses that Reki is still bound in darkness and there is not much time left. The fate of such a Haibane is a rather lonely, mundane existence. The visuals imply that the Communicator is just such a person. Perhaps for this reason he is doubly upset that his attempts to help Reki are rebuffed. So, is Rakka butting in and “not minding her own business,” or is she doing the right thing?

Q4 There are a few mysteries in this episode: the laughing force that moves within the Wall and the petrified book. Is mystery important in Christianity? What kinds of mysteries help our faith? What kinds get in the way?

Q5 Consider some of Reki’s problem episodes: trying to go over the wall, refusing to listen to the advice of the temple communicator. Clearly, Reki believes in God; she calls on Him (at least it seems so) for help on a couple of occasions. Is it perhaps Pride that keeps her in this predicament? [If you class is willing, the Deuterocanonical book Sirach 10:12-13 has a nice perspective on the problems of pride. Alternately, use I Peter 5:5-6]. How can we avoid the snares of pride? By humbly submitting to God’s will. [Consider the example of Jonah (chapter 4), who was upset with God for sparing the Ninevites who had repented].

Closing Prayer: Consider taking this time to name members of your congregation who, like Rakka or Reki, are depressed, withdrawn or worse. Pray for God’s assistance for them; and for you to have the strength of the Spirit to reach out to them and help them, even if it means confronting them (or your minister) with some hard, private issues. Episode 12: Bell Nuts – Passing of the Year Festival - Reconcilliation

The episode focuses on opening lines of communication. The members of the town of Guri use this festival to create a socially acceptable framework to both give thanks (most of the Haibane use these a lot) and ask forgiveness of those around them. The culmination of this festival is one of the more mystical scenes in the series: the wall has apparently been collecting all of the thoughts of the people in the town (many of which, presumably, are about the Haibane). These are then broadcast back to God on this day. Reki is seen to make serious attempts at reconciliation with Midori (the girl from the Abandoned factory). Reki knows her time is short, and these last amends must be completed soon.

We also learn the rest of the story behind Reki’s “mistake” that brought on the severe discipline.

For discussion: Early in the episode, Reki lets Rakka have her cigarette lighter saying “you can have it, I don’t need it anymore.” This was mostly discussed last episode, but when people give away what would appear to be important or prized personal possessions because they “don’t need them anymore,” should you be concerned? Of course, Christianity normally discourages being overly attached to worldly things, but this behavior is different, and very fatalistic.

Central theme: Forgiveness, reconciliation and our thoughts and behavior before God.

Suggested questions/scripture reading:

Q1 Why is there a wall around Glie? Do we have such a wall around us?

Q2 Did the residents of Glie have the technology to build the wall? Who built it? [presumably God] Is the state of the Christian church today something that only God could fashion? Why? Name another amazing/awesome thing that God “must” have made.

Q3 Assume that your church’s walls are like the Wall around Guri. At the end of the year, what types of praises would your walls raise to God? If you openly argue and fight in the streets as do Reki, Midori and Hyoko do, what kind of example does that give to fellow Christians or non-Christians in earshot? [Read 1 John 3:18-22]

Q4 This series points out in several examples how we can pursue the path to forgiveness and reconciliation with our brethren. Often, it is the person who is wronged who must make the first move. Why is this necessary? Is it important to forgive one another? Think about Midori’s example here. She thinks Reki is in town, so goes there at the last minute to ensure that she sees the yellow colored fireworks. When Midori discovers Reki is at Old Home, she runs all the way there (at least a couple of miles) to bring Reki the “good news” of their reconciliation (symbolically represented by those fireworks). Are we willing to go that extra mile (or two) to offer our forgiveness? [Read Jesus’s words on forgiveness in Matthew 5:21-26]

Q5 The Communicator discusses Haibane true names with Rakka when she discovers the origin of the hand-sign language used on the wall markers. Rakka is an involved nut [note: it is a common Japanese characteristic that many words or names, when written, or when pronounced, have more than one meaning that has to be determined from context. Thus Rakka means “falling” but also “involved nut”]. Rakka realizes that you cannot break out of the circle of sin and receive forgiveness by yourself. “Nobody is able to forgive themselves,” she says. We are talking about true forgiveness of sin here, not the more popular “don’t be hard on yourself concept”. It is just so in Christianity, both on the small scale (forgiveness between humans) and universally (between God and man). Someone else had to pay the price, the sacrifice, so that we could escape the endless cycle and penalty of sin. [Read Psalm 49:7-9 for discussion that there is no price that can be paid to reconcile with God].

Closing Prayer: Lord, lend us the wisdom of your Holy Spirit so that we more clearly see where we have erred, who we have wronged. Then give us the strength and courage to seek forgiveness for our wrongs, or to give that forgiveness when we are wronged. Episode 13: Reki’s World – Prayer - Epilogue

The episode focuses on Reki’s rather last second turning away from her single minded (and apparently sinful) focus on her problems. She instead turns toward Rakka and calls out for her. This single act – turning away from the sin and asking for another’s help – breaks her out of the her endless cycle of trying to do it all herself (salvation included). We learn Reki’s true name means “one who is run over.” Indeed, until she acts out her name and is broken her pride will not let her repent.

For discussion: At this point you should realize this series is not about Rakka. It’s about Reki. It’s just told though the eyes of Rakka. It seems that Reki had a bit of a raw deal as a Haibane. Sin-bound, and marked as such, from the very start…rejected by so many. Our modern society would lay blame on her “problems” on her environment. God’s law is absolute, however, and does not allow for anyone or anything to be used as an excuse for our sin.

One of the reviewers while developing this series said that the arrangement in Guri (with the Haibane) is kind of like a foster home: kids come from typically a troubled background and find a temporary respite in a protected place until they are ready to go off on their own.

Central theme: God requires a broken spirit, not works, to grant us His grace. In the end, it is up to each of us to specifically ask for God’s grace.

Suggested questions/scripture reading:

Q1 The Haibane don’t actually live with humans, but they live around them. Why don’t the Haibane live by themselves someplace? Why are there “normal” humans around? Who benefits from this arrangement? Why?

Q2 Reki seems to have had to go through so much more than other Haibane. Was this testing, this refiner’s fire too much to be reasonable? [Read I Corinthians 10:12-13].

Q3 Reki tells Rakka a horrible story: that Reki has been specifically being nice to the Haibane at Old Home, and Rakka very specifically, because she thinks she can get God’s intervention by doing good things. In a way, she is demanding that God cleanse her of her sin because of her works. Rakka is Reki’s last chance to “get it right,” but Reki has used her own definition about what is right. She is not willing to ask anyone else for help because she has so often been rejected. Reki has therefore set herself up for failure; she cannot be the source of her own salvation. Why can works not be the foundation for receiving God’s grace? Do we all have the ability to do the same works? What do we all have the ability to do? [Read Ephesians 2:8-10].

Q4 Rakka is about to give up, she feels betrayed by Reki and wants to trust and help her, but cannot. A wind enters the room and blows the cover off of a painting of Kuramori…and Reki’s diary. In reading the diary, Rakka realizes that she is the bird that must chase after Reki. What is the wind that makes this realization possible? How does God use Rakka’s natural tendencies (recall Rakka’s true name is Involved Nut) to reach Reki?

Q5 A young version of Reki tries to tell her that she needs to ask for help, but when Reki refuses, we watch this version turn to stone and disintegrate. Later, another version of Reki holds Rakka back until Reki calls Rakka’s name. Thus, what one might take as the original Reki is not letting Rakka help. However, in the end Reki does call for Rakka’s help, and the original Reki, that part which refuses help, is shattered along with the naming stone. The new, broken Reki can now be saved, even though it is Rakka that has go pull her out of danger. Is it like this for God? Do we hold back the Holy Spirit in our pride, our ignorance of our sin, and keep salvation at bay?

Q6 The Communicator seems to have known a great deal about Reki, for example that she was run over by a train. Reki didn’t even know this detail. How is it that the Communicator would come to know this? [Read Acts 9:10-19].

Q7 In the epilogue, we find that Reki’s name alternately means, Small Stone, One Who is Run Over and then, after the stone is broken and made whole again, Reki is now the small stepping stone that makes up the stairs we climb on the path to God. Reki has gone from being an outcast, to a foundational example for all Haibane to come. God has done exactly this to other people, taking them from something reviled – like a tax collector or a zealot who took pleasure in arresting early Christians – and through other examples (and sometimes visitations of circumstances that bordered on deadly) turned them into some of the strongest examples Christianity has. Discuss who these “small stones” of Christianity are. [Read Philippians 3:17-21].

Q8 When Kuu took the day of flight in an earlier episode, the burst of light was much shorter that that of Reki. Reki’s lasts a long time and numerous people are able to see it and know what is happening. Does this mean that Reki was better than Kuu? Why might God have let Reki’s light shine so much longer? [Read Luke 15:3-7].

Closing Prayer: In lieu of, or in addition to, a closing prayer, read aloud Psalm 40.