The Red River Raft
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Before the Line Volume Iii Caddo Indians: the Final Years
BEFORE THE LINE VOLUME III CADDO INDIANS: THE FINAL YEARS BEFORE THE LINE VOLUME III CADDO INDIANS: THE FINAL YEARS Jim Tiller Copyright © 2013 by Jim Tiller All rights reserved Bound versions of this book have been deposited at the following locations: Louisiana State University, Shreveport (Shreveport, Louisiana) Sam Houston State University (Huntsville, Texas) Stephen F. Austin State University (Nacogdoches, Texas) Texas A&M University (College Station, Texas) Texas General Land Office (Archives and Records) (Austin, Texas) Texas State Library (Austin, Texas) University of North Texas (Denton, Texas) University of Texas at Austin (Austin, Texas) To view a pdf of selected pages of this and other works by Jim Tiller, see: http://library.shsu.edu > Digital Collection > search for: Jim Tiller Electronic versions of Vol. I, II and III as well as a limited number of bound sets of the Before the Line series are available from: The Director, Newton Gresham Library, Sam Houston State University, PO Box 2281 (1830 Bobby K. Marks Drive), Huntsville, Texas 77341 Phone: 936-294-1613 Design and production by Nancy T. Tiller The text typefaces are Adobe Caslon Pro and Myriad Pro ISBN 978-0-9633100-6-4 iv For the People of the Caddo Nation Also by Jim Tiller Our American Adventure: The History of a Pioneer East Texas Family, 1657-1967(2008) (with Albert Wayne Tiller) Named Best Family History Book by a Non-Professional Genealogist for 2008 by the Texas State Genealogical Society Before the Line Volume I An Annotated Atlas of International Boundaries and Republic of Texas Administrative Units Along the Sabine River-Caddo Lake Borderland, 1803-1841 (2010) Before the Line Volume II Letters From the Red River, 1809-1842 (2012) Jehiel Brooks and the Grappe Reservation: The Archival Record (working manuscript) vi CONTENTS Preface . -
137 Part 195—Transportation of Hazardous Liquids By
Research and Special Programs Administration, DOT Pt. 195 APPENDIX B TO PART 194ÐHIGH VOLUME Major rivers Nearest town and state AREAS Smokey Hill River .................. Abilene, KS. As of January 5, 1993 the following areas Susquehanna River ............... Darlington, MD. are high volume areas: Tenessee River ..................... New Johnsonville, TN. Wabash River ........................ Harmony, IN. Wabash River ........................ Terre Haute, IN. Major rivers Nearest town and state Wabash River ........................ Mt. Carmel, IL. White River ............................ Batesville, AR. Arkansas River ...................... N. Little Rock, AR. White River ............................ Grand Glaise, AR. Arkansas River ...................... Jenks, OK. Wisconsin River ..................... Wisconsin Rapids, WI. Arkansas River ...................... Little Rock, AR. Yukon River ........................... Fairbanks, AK. Black Warrior River ............... Moundville, AL. Black Warrior River ............... Akron, AL. Brazos River .......................... Glen Rose, TX. Other Navigable Waters Brazos River .......................... Sealy, TX. Catawba River ....................... Mount Holly, NC. Arthur Kill Channel, NY Chattahoochee River ............. Sandy Springs, GA. Cook Inlet, AK Colorado River ....................... Yuma, AZ. Freeport, TX Colorado River ....................... LaPaz, AZ. Los Angeles/Long Beach Harbor, CA Connecticut River .................. Lancaster, NH. Port Lavaca, TX Coosa River .......................... -
The Frequency of Large Hail Over the Contiguous US
3.3 THE FREQUENCY OF LARGE HAIL OVER THE CONTIGUOUS UNITED STATES Joseph T. Schaefer*, Jason J. Levit, Steven J. Weiss and Daniel W. McCarthy NOAA/NWS/NCEP/Storm Prediction Center, Norman, Oklahoma 1. INTRODUCTION 2. HAIL REPORT COLLECTION PROCESS One of Stan Changnon’s abiding interests is the Hail size is usually reported to the NWS as a frequency and pattern of large hail occurrence. Stan comparison to the size of a common object. NWS started publishing papers in AMS journals on the instructions give a typical size for several of these items occurrence of large hail in 1966. After that initial effort, (NWS, 2003). Table 1 is constructed from the Stan has published 27 papers in AMS journals alone. information in the instructions. When other journals, such as those of the AGU, The table also contains the footnote: Conference Preprints, and Technical Reports are added, Stan has an amazing record of doing productive For many years, dime-size hail was the coin research about a single phenomenon. type associated with 0.75-inch diameter The 1966 paper (Changnon, 1966) was “Note on hailstones. However, the diameter of a dime is Recording Hail Incidences.” In it, Stan showed how 11/16 inch, slightly smaller than a penny, which weighing-bucket rain gauges with their evaporation is 12/16 inch (0.75 inch). funnels removed could be used to record hail occurrence. Since that initial paper, Changnon has This note indicates that for several years “dime devoted considerable effort to finding segregate data size” hail was erroneously considered as the smallest sources for hail observations. -
Rivers Research Guide
RIVERS RESEARCH GUIDE Herman T. Pott National Inland Waterways Library St. Louis Mercantile Library University of Missouri-St. Louis "The Waterways Journal” Collection and "The Waterways Journal” Index, 1891 – 1914 are available at: http://www.umsl.edu/pott/ Annual Report of the Chief of Engineers to the Secretary of War, 1874 – 1972. Yearly river conditions Wtr Wys TA 23 .A2 Microfilm Bartlett, Richard A. Rolling Rivers: An Encyclopedia of America’s Rivers. New York: McGraw-Hill Book Co., 1984. MERC Ref GB 1215 .R64 1984 Bridges Over the Navigable Waters of the United States. Washington, D.C.: United States Army Corps of Engineers, 1961. Wtr Wys TG 23 .A5 1961 v. 1-4 Brown, Samuel R. The Western Gazetteer; Containing a Geographical Description of the Western States and Territories. Auburn, NY: H.C. Southwick, 1817. Rare G 89 5B v. 1 Havighurst, Walter. Voices on the River: The Story of the Mississippi Waterways. New York: Macmillan Co., 1964. MERC Ref HE 630 .M6 H35 1964 Mackenzie, Sir Alexander. Atlas to Mackenzie’s Travels. Rare St. Louis Lyceum G 822 M19 4 Mackenzie, Sir Alexander. Voyages from Montreal, on the River St. Laurence, Through the Continent of North America. Philadelphia: John Morgan, 1802. Rare St. Louis Lyceum G 822 M19 2 Quick, Herbert and Edward Quick. Mississippi Steamboatin’: A History of Steamboating on the Mississippi and its Tributaries. New York: Henry Holt and Co., 1926. MERC Ref VM 623 .Q5 1926 Stine, Jeffrey K. and Michael C. Robinson. The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers and Environmental Issues in the Twentieth Century: A Bibliography. -
Big Cypress Bayou History the City of Jefferson Is Home to a Natural Wonder of Texas, the Big Cypress Bayou
Big Cypress Bayou History The city of Jefferson is home to a natural wonder of Texas, the Big Cypress Bayou. To the untrained eye this bayou appears to be just an average swamp, but it is much more than that and has a special place in this town’s history. Situated on Big Cypress Bayou, Jefferson claimed to be the "River port to the Southwest" in its early years. Today, however, that is no longer the case. Big Cypress Bayou can indeed own up to its reputation as a natural wonder because it is the only “natural” lake in Texas, a fact that most native Texans do not know. The area is a series of wetlands around Jefferson, which make up part of the largest Cypress forest in the world. Surprisingly, though the wetlands are a natural habitat, they would not be the way they are today without the involvement of humans. Bayou features were altered by humans in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. A log jam in 1799 on the Red River caused the Big Cypress to overflow the low-lying area that is now Caddo Lake. The backed-up waters impeded navigation on the Red River, but allowed Jefferson to thrive and grow. In 1835, Captain Henry Shreve, the namesake of Shreveport, Louisiana, led the way to clear up parts of the log jam, which had become known as the Great Raft. Life along the bayou continued to flourish until the last portions of the Great Raft were removed in 1873. At that point in time, the waters of Big Cypress Bayou began to dry up; as did the economic fortunes of the area because of the dependence on shipping. -
Red River Basin
The Red River, named for its reddish color, flows for 1360 miles from its headwaters in the Texas panhandle to where it joins with the Black and the Mississippi Rivers, forming the Atchafalaya Success through Partnerships River. The Atchafalaya River then flows south toward Morgan The water quality goals of restoring water quality and reducing nonpoint City as the remaining two-thirds of the Mississippi River flows source pollution can be met through partnerships of the local, state and southeast toward Baton Rouge and New Orleans. federal agencies working with private and non-profit organizations and the local people on watershed protection and restoration. Some of the partner- The earliest settlers within the Red River Basin were the Caddo ships that already exist within the Red River Basin include: Indians, whose range extended from the Sabine River to the Ouachita River.When the Europeans came to Louisiana from • Louisiana Department of Environmental Quality Spain and France, they realized that they would need the rich • Louisiana Department of Agriculture and Forestry alluvial floodplains of the Red River for agricultural production • Louisiana Department of Wildlife and Fisheries and the main stem of the river for transportation. Natchitoches • LSU AgCenter was the first settlement in Louisiana along the Red River and was • LSU Shreveport established as a trading post with the Indians and the Spanish. • USDA Natural Resource Conservation Service • Local Soil and Water Conservation Districts Red River Basin As more trade developed, the river was opened further for naviga- tion, after the clearing of the great raft by Captain Shreve in 1839, • City of Shreveport all the way to Shreveport. -
Cereal Rust Bulletin
CEREAL RUST Report No. 1 BULLETIN Date: May 2, 1972 CEREAL RUST LABORATORY UNIVERSITY of MINNESOTA, ST. PAUL, 55101 PLANT PROTECTION PROGRAMS, APHIS, and PLANT SCIENCE RESEARCH DIVISION, ARS, U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE J. B. Rowell, Leader (Res. Plant Pathologist) D. V. McVey, Res. Plant Pathologist W. R. Bushnell, Res. Plant Physiologist A. P. Roelfs, Res. Plant Pathologist M. G. Eversmeyer, Res. Plant Pathologist P. G. Rothman, Res. Plant Pathologist A mild winter throughout the southern U.S, was interr~pted only by a single cold period in central Texas. Subsoil moisture was adequate during the winter; however, a dry spring in the Texas-Arkansas area was becoming critical to cereal crops by late April. Widespread showers on April 27 and 28 may have re lieved this moisture stress. A cold spring slowed spring planting in the Dakota's and Minnesota. Currently, crops are approximately a week later than normal with little planting done in Minnesota and North Dakota, and wet fields may continue to delay planting. Wheat is generally in the dough stages in north central Texas and south ern Alabama, and from central Georgia through the l1ississippi Delta area wheac varies from berry to milk stages. Wheat in Kansas varies from the late boot to heading stage with the exception of the extreme Northwest where the wheat is nor mally later~ Oats are generally in the milk stage across the South along the Gulf Coast and north central Texas. Barley is in the mid-dough stages in this same area. Wheat stem rust.--Stem rust overwintered in commercial fields in south Texas (south of Abilene-Waco) ~d in the southern portions of Louisiana, Alabama, and the panhandle of~orida.~pread has generally been within plots and fields with a few exceptions. -
Thesis-1975D-T994r.Pdf
THE RED RIVER IN SOUTHWESTERN HISTORY By CARL NEWTON TYSON Bachelor of "Arts Wichita St~te University Wichita, Kansas 1971 Master of Arts Wichita State University Wichita, Kansas 1973 Submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate College of the Oklahoma State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY July, 197 5 lk~ 19'15]) T Cj ''-I ri ~ . ..2- I ,, (JKLAHOMA STATE UNIVERSITY LJBRARY MAY 12 1976 THE RED RIVER IN SOUTHWESTERN HISTORY Thesis Approved: Deann of nthe GraduateJP~--= College---- 939015 ii PREFACE Great rivers hold an intriguing ~llurement to the author. Like people, their personalities are changeable; however, unlike people, a river can be radically different at the same time, depending on the po sition from which one views it. Cold hearted indeed is the individual who can gaze at a mighty river wending across the earth without feeling twinges of wanderlust. Certainly the author can claim no such grasp of reality. Of all the rivers which grace the North American continent, few have had as varied and significant a history as the Red River. Although less well known than others, such as the Mississippi and the Missouri, the Red has enjoyed a central position in the history of the American West. From the time of the arrival of Redmen in North America to the present, some nation, state, or tribe has cherished the river for its advantages, claimed ownership of it, tried to discover the secrets it held, or tried to change it.. From the beginning of the Franco-.Spanish conflict in the Southwest to the end of the dispute between Texas and Oklahoma in the 1920s, the river was the center of controversy. -
THE GOLD DIGGINGS of CAPE HORN a Study of Life in Tierra Del Fuego and Patagonia by John R. Spears Illustrated G. P. Putnam's So
THE GOLD DIGGINGS OF CAPE HORN A study of life in Tierra del Fuego and Patagonia by John R. Spears Illustrated G. P. Putnam's Sons New York 27 West Twenty-Third Street London 24 Bedford Street, Strand The Knickerbocker Press 1895 CONTENTS I AFTER CAPE HORN GOLD II THE CAPE HORN METROPOLIS III CAPE HORN ABORIGINES IV A CAPE HORN MISSION V ALONG-SHORE IN TIERRA DEL FUEGO VI STATEN ISLAND OF THE FAR SOUTH VII THE NOMADS OF PATATGONIA VIII THE WELSH IN PATAGONIA IX BEASTS ODD AND WILD X BIRDS OF PATAGONIA XI SHEEP IN PATAGONIA XII THE GAUCHO AT HOME XIII PATAGONIA'S TRAMPS XIV THE JOURNEY ALONG-SHORE LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS MAP OF THE CAPE HORN REGION GOLD-WASHING MACHINES, PARAMO, TIERRA DEL FUEGO PUNTA ARENAS, STRAIT OF MAGELLAN YAHGANS AT HOME (1) THE MISSION STATION AT USHUAIA (1) USHUAIA, THE CAPITAL OF ARGENTINE TIERRA DEL FUEGO (1) AN ONA FAMILY (1) ALUCULOOF INDIANS (1) GOVERNMENT STATION AT ST. JOHN. (FROM A SKETCH BY COMMANDER CHWAITES, A.N.) (1) A TEHUELCHE SQUAW (1) TEHUELCHES IN CAMP (1) GAUCHOS AT HOME AMONG THE RUINS AT PORT DESIRE, PATAGONIA (1) SANTA CRUZ, PATAGONIA (1) THE GOVERNOR'S HOME AND A BUSINESS BLOCK IN GALLEGOS, THE CAPITAL OF PATAGONIA (1) (1) Reproduced by permisson of Charles Scribner's Sons, from an article, by the author of this book, in Scribner's Magazine, entitled "At the end of the Continent." PREFACE I am impelled to say, by way of preface, that the readers will find herein such a collection of facts about the coasts of Tierra del Fuego and Patagonia as an ordinary newspaper reporter might be expected to gather while on the wing, and write when the journey was ended. -
91 New Cyprinid Fishes of the Genus Notropis from Texas
1951, No. 1 NEW CYPRINID FISHES FROM TEXAS March 30 91 NEW CYPRINID FISHES OF THE GENUS NOTROPIS FROM TEXAS * CARL L. HUBBS Scripps Institution of Oceanography and KELSHAW BONHAM Applied Fisheries Laboratory University of Washington, Seattle During the past three decades the known freshwater fsh fauna of eastern North America, one of the richest in the world, has been further augmented by the discovery of many new species. Unfortunately, pressure of other duties has prevented the formal naming of a considerable propor- tion of these discoveries. The three new species of Notropis from Texas here treated—ox yrhyncbus, brazosensis and potteri—are among the fishes for which the initial published descriptions have been unduly withheld. Since further delay would interfere with the researches and publications of other ichthyologists and fishery biologists, these species are now diagnosed. The three species are apparently confined to eastern Texas, for they have never been collected in the extensive surveys of surrounding regions, namely northeastern Mexico (Hubbs and Gordon, MS) , New Mexico (sur- vey in progress by William J. Koster), Oklahoma (work begun by Orten- burger and Hubbs, 1926, and Hubbs and Ortenburger, 1929 a-b, and now being continued by George A. Moore) , and Louisiana (more cursory collecting). These shiners, especially oxyrhynchus and brazosensis, abound in the very silty water of the Brazos River and its main tributaries, which are thus shown to have a somewhat distinctive fauna. As native species, N. oxyrhynchus and N. potteri seem to be confined to the Brazos River system (the population of N. potteri currently existing in and about arti- ficial Lake Texoma in the Red River system, between Texas and Oklahoma, is interpreted as the result of the establishment of escaped bait minnows). -
Chapter 2: Natural and Cultural Setting
Chapter 2: Natural and Cultural Setting Wooten addressed the problem again in 1907 and reported favorably on a dam-only alternative ($100,000). The object of the proposed dam was to save the navigability of the route between Caddo T. Lake ant Jefferson. Although the dam would destroy navigation between Jefferson and Shreveport, a lock court be placed through the dam at a later point and a channel dredged below. The citizens of Jefferson, through their congressional representative, immediately moved to modify the proposal, ant the Rivers ant Harbors Act of March 1909 included provisions for a resurvey to include a lock with the dam. The resulting report by Capt. A F. Waldron favored the modification ant recommended that the dam not be built if the modification were not included. The Rivers and Harbors Act of June 1910 appropriated $100,000 for the dam-only alternative and stipulated that the tam would be built in such a manner as to admit a lock when deemed necessary. The Rivers and Harbors Act of February 1911 initiated another survey to include the lock and downstream dredging. The report by Capt. T. H. Jackson was unfavorable. The dam was completed in December 1914 in the manner directed by Congress, bringing the history of navigation to Jefferson to a close, but with a provision that enabled hope for the resurrection of the waterway to continue. 75 CHAPTER 3 REMOTE-SENSING SURVEY AND DIVER EVALUATION Remote-Sensing Survey Introduction The use of remote-sensing technology in the search for shipwrecks teas become an increasingly common aspect of underwater archaeology in recent years. -
Red River Waterway Project Shreveport, LA, to Daingerfield, TX, Reach Reevaluation Study In-Progress Review
Red River Waterway Project Shreveport, LA, to Daingerfield, TX, Reach Reevaluation Study In-Progress Review HISTORIC WATERCRAFT SURVEY PREFACE 1. In October 1988 (Fiscal Year 1989), the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Vicksburg District,was directed by Congress to initiate a reevaluation of the feasibility of the Shreveport, LA, to Daingerfield,TX, reach of the Red River Waterway Project. Subsequent funding was provided by Congress in Fiscal Years 1990-1993. 2. In December 1992, an in-progress review of the feasibility of extending navigation on the Shreveport to Daingerfield reach was completed. The review was a preliminary assessment of project costs, benefits,and environmental impacts. The review revealed that construction of this reach of the project was not economi- cally feasible. The project was also found to result in signifi- cant environmental impacts for which mitigation was not consid- ered to be practicable. The reevaluation studies were terminated as a result of,the in-progress review. 3. Various documents are available so that the public can better understand the results of the reevaluation study. The documents are: a. In-Progress Review Documentation prepared in December 1992 for headquarters review. b. Environmental Summary. c. Regional Economic Development. d. Public Involvement. e. Recreation. f. Mussel Survey. g. Historic Watercraft Survey. h. Geotechnical Investigations. i. Geomorphic Investigations. Copies of all these documents have been placed in the local depositories listed in the Public Involvement documentation. Copies can be obtained from the Vicksburg District for the cost of reproduction. 4. The Corps of Engineers is required to identify cultural resources within project areas so that their significance can be determined and they can be avoided when possible or unavoidable adverse project impacts can be adequately mitigated.