Date 08/04/2017 Issue Number 38 WHAT's INSIDE

Date 08/04/2017 Issue Number 38

THE DATUM POST : TODAYS VOICE OF THE APLA

WHAT’S INSIDE

Table of Contents EDITORIAL ...... 2 APLA AGM 2017 ...... 3 ALPA UPDATE FOR APRIL 2017 ...... 4 The Kalgoorlie Political Forum APLA TREASURERS TORT ...... 5 ALPA AND POLITICAL INVOLVEMENT IN WA...... 6 Political involvement in WA elections and where to from here By B Fagan MEMBER ACCESS TO COMPANY GROUND ...... 8 List of Mining Companies offering APLA members acces to their leases ARTICLES SUBMITTED BY MEMBERS...... 10 Safety and the Prospector. Navigation By F. Roberts NUGGETS OF INTEREST ...... 14 SAMUAL.W.PIERCE and “THE SUPER PIT” ...... 16 The real discoverer of modern Kalgoorlie By C. Edwards TECHNICAL DATA ...... 23 The importance of a "representative sample By B Fagan BRANCH NEWS ...... 27 PERTH BRANCH ...... 27 EPSG BRANCH ...... 28 GREAT SOUHERN BRANCH ...... 28 MANDURAH BRANCH ...... 28 WESTERN AUSTRALIAN GOLD MINING GHOST TOWNS ...... 29 ADVERTISING ...... 31 NEW PRODUCT RELEASE ...... 32 The Happy Prospector mobile device FOR SALE OR HIRE ...... 33

Well, another few months have passed and things are never quiet in APLA. Firstly, I’m very pleased and relieved to welcome back our regular Editor, Steve Palmer after his very serious illness. It was touch & go for a while. So, my thanks to Steve on a rapid return.

APLA’s political campaign has borne fruit and our detractors now know we are here and with a mission. Bob Fagan’s report is included in this edition and I concur with Bob’s thoughts here. Any new Bill or Regulatory change will now be subject to our scrutiny; they know we are waiting and watching. We will not be ignored or taken for granted. A recent meeting between miners and prospectors in Kalgoorlie with the DMP Environmental Executive reveals a more accommodating attitude than we have seen in the past few years. We may even end up back where we started prior to 2014 where we go back to using the Low Impact Mining Operations (LIMO) forms! We have hopes for our future!

The nationwide APLA advertising campaign organised by GoldTalk Leonora has also been a great success. Full credit to Tony and Lisa for obtaining the advertising for us in the Gold, Gem and Treasure magazine for the next 12 months. From the phone calls that I’ve had after just the first month of advertising, APLA has gained at least 20 new members. I’m sure there must be more who simply just used the website to gain membership rather than phone me at 5.00 a.m. from the Eastern States! It’s surprising how many people don’t use the internet! It’s been a busy time for the APLA Treasurer and myself with the annual membership renewals. A high number of members have problems using our website and the internet and these were given personal attention to get them through it. So well done for fixing the problems Kurk.

Les Lowe, APLA President

APLA’s Annual General Meeting will be held on 16th September 2017 at Hoover House in Leonora. Attendees must advise their branch Secretary before August 16th if they wish to attend. So RSVP is mandatory. This will ensure seating and catering arrangements will meet the numbers. No RSVP means no seat, no BBQ in the evening. We must have the numbers early please. APLA is looking for a new Secretary to take over from September 2016. All positions will be open for anyone wishing to take up the challenge for APLA and its members.

The Kalgoorlie political forum. Submitted by APLA President Les Lowe.

Held on the 27th February last, the forum was a joint effort by EGPA, APLA and Goldfields First. It attracted approximately 200 people, including prospectors, miners, local media, DMP personnel taking notes, lawyers, local dignitaries and voters from the Kalgoorlie area. Notably, thirteen political candidates including senior party officials flew up from Perth for the occasion. This was the biggest electoral forum held in Kalgoorlie. With three times the number of candidates, it more than doubled the attendance of the political main event run by the local Chamber of Commerce. APLA’s President attended and we will have a copy of the event on video.

The format was as advertised with an excellent Moderator job done by ABC cross media reporter Sam Tomlin. The whole event was very well organised by the EGPA Executive, with a mighty effort from Peta Osborne running the catering and refreshments for 200 people. A big thank you Peta.

Every party had a fair & equal chance to get their responses across to the audience. A Q&A session followed with a few curly ones putting some candidates on the spot. Every candidate fully understood our issues and not one negative response was heard. There was support across the board for our concerns. I felt the Liberal candidates put on a very brave show, going against their own Premier and the Liberal Party line on several mining and regional issues. The Nationals put in a good show and continued their support for small miners and prospectors, as did The Greens, Robin Chappell. I felt the Labour candidate did his best to show great support for Kalgoorlie itself but seemed to be compromised and sometimes non-committal on the issues of mining and prospecting at our level. Maybe it was me?

Whilst it could be construed that the session had the feel of a “Dorothy Dix” event, it was not simply what was said that was important. As is often the case, it’s what was not said that carried more weight. That much was very revealing.

Despite all this, the State Election has now been held but at time of writing the precise numbers are still being counted. We will have a State Labour government and a Labour Mines Minister, of that there is no doubt. But with the incoming Mines Minister rumoured to have heavyweight environmental professionals amongst his staff entourage, we should continue to be very concerned for our future as prospectors. The need to be on guard at all times is even more pressing. We may even find ourselves with a much bigger problem than we had with the previous Mines Minister under a State Liberal government. One strongly rumoured policy concern is the conversion of reclaimed pastoral stations to “A class Reserves”, and nobody can prospect in such areas. The Dept of Parks and Wildlife must be sharpening its pencils.

A full morning on the day following the forum was spent with DMP staff in Kalgoorlie discussing various matters of importance surrounding Native Title, Aboriginal Heritage and Excess Tonnage. All things considered it was very full two days and nothing was wasted. Thanks to the Kal guys for arranging everything and turning up for a drink and chat on the final night.

Well the year is well and truly in full swing, here we are and it’s now April.

The treasurer’s job continues, with the barrage of new memberships and renewals being the majority of the workload.

The recent add in the Gold Gem and Treasure has seen an influx of new members which is good to see.

I am trying to process the membership applications, payments, card printing and mailing once a week, although it is about to become once every two or three weeks as I’m about to be away for a couple of weeks with a bit of work and a bit of a holiday. At the time of writing this article all memberships that have been paid by Paypal or Direct Deposit up to 30 March have been processed and the last lot of cards will be posted on Wednesday April 5th.

It has been said before but I will say it again, APLA is a volunteer organisation and there are no paid office staff to process your application and print your card the moment it arrives, so please be patient. Also, when you are renewing your membership we ask you to log in and check that your details are correct as I don’t know that you moved house or state six months ago and the person who needs to update your address details is YOU. Likewise if you enter your name and address in all lower case then your membership card will printed in the same way (unless I happen to catch the error before cards and letters are printed.) If your address is incorrect in the database then your card will be sent to the wrong address, and we won’t know until you ring up or email and complain that you haven’t received your card yet and you paid two months ago, SO please check that your details are correct.

Payments:

As I said in the last Datum post, Paypal / or Credit Card via the Paypal site is the fasted method of payment, followed closely by a direct deposit. A cheque posted is going to take at least 2 or 3 weeks to get to me for processing.

When making your payment please make sure you put your membership number on the payment info line as well as your name so we know who has paid. If you are getting a friend or relative to make a payment for you please email me and put a note in the payment line as to who the payment is for because I don’t know that Harrison Ford is your uncle and he is paying your account for you unless someone tells me.

Kurk Brandstater

APLA Treasurer 2017

Submitted by Bob Fagan.

Some thoughts on the effectiveness of the prospectors and small miners’ political involvement in the WA election and where to from here?

Over the last two years a substantial prospector effort has been mounted to defeat the Mining Amendments Bill 2015, culminating in considerable energies expended over the recent WA election. How effective has this campaign been? The Liberal Party suffered a considerable defeat all of its own making. The prospector and small miner vote (being insignificantly small) played no significant part in that defeat. The Mining Amendments Bill 2015 will now not be reintroduced in its original form and is dead, and buried but this has not because of any great influence of the prospectors and small miner vote in the election process. The Bill will fail to proceed because the Liberals lost government.

This is not to say that we as prospectors failed – far from it. What we have achieved is a remarkable political victory in the sense that we managed to convince all the non-Liberal parties (Labor, Nationals, Greens, One Nation, Shooters, Fishers and Farmers, their political leaders and policy makers to reject any resubmission of the original Amendments Bill (as the Liberal party had intended), and guaranteeing that prospector concerns will be front and centre when any new issues arrive in the future. This result was achieved by convincing the politicians in close up and personal discussions with the force of our argument. The introduction of any new future mining legislation will no doubt now be with full consultation with prospectors and will take into consideration the 18 recommendations and 26 findings of the Upper House Parliamentary Committee of Review won entirely by prospectors efforts. The new parliamentarians are also now firmly aware of our opposition to unnecessary bureaucratic red tape, unaccountable public servants and policy makers and increasing green influence in the DMP and other departments. Parliamentarians have also been alerted to serious calls, based on substantial evidence, for some sort of Parliamentary inquiry into the operation of the DMP.

Three Substantial Victories

Our first political victory is that the Liberal Amendments Bill 2015 has now been permanently blocked. The problem is that the Labor party now has a massive majority in the Lower House, but is widely regarded with suspicion in regional WA and in mining circles, and when last in office was not at all mining friendly. The shadow of environmental and green activism within its ranks is causing concern and the green movement is widely regarded by many as the left wing of the Labor Party.

Copyright 2016 © Amalgamated and Prospectors and Leaseholders Association. Contact [email protected] Page 6 We have also had a powerful second victory in that we have strong commitments from all levels of Labor and surprisingly to some extent the greens to try and accommodate our position (as represented bin the 18 recommendations and 26 findings of the Upper House Committee Review of the 2015 Mining Act Amendments Bill) in any sensible mining legislation arising in the next term of parliament.

A perhaps even a third victory is if Labor does not win the balance of power in the Upper House, then we have firm commitments from those then holding the balance of power (Greens, Shooters, One Nation) to support us in resisting, blocking or amending any adverse Labor- backed legislation that might arise in the next term of government.

Altogether these three wins represent a significant result and I think justify our efforts and expenditures. Concerns over a suitable, sympathetic and strong Mines Minister have yet to be allayed.

Kalgoorlie Political Forum

The Prospectors Political Forum was probably the biggest and most successful political forum held outside Perth with senior politicians flying up from Perth to attend and contribute. The forum had a

significant impact and greatly increased our already significant profile politically and undoubtedly saved prospecting as we currently know it for a few more years. For professional prospectors and small miners it may have saved their livelihoods and small businesses. There are some 1500 professional prospectors (based on leaseholder numbers) making a substantial living from prospecting in WA and contributing to regional economies.

Many new regulatory issues are looming, that will particularly effect professional prospectors. These will be time consuming and difficult to manage and APLA needs to decide how best to respond in keeping with its charter and membership.

Bob Fagan

Members are invited to approach the companies below for access to the company’s ground. APLA’s past experience with these companies shows them to be “prospector friendly”. The General Manager, Andrew Pumphrey of McPhersons Resources Ltd is a very active and supportive APLA member, so a big thank you to Andrew for his help on this.

Additionally, we are very pleased to be invited by APLA stalwarts from the EGPA, Cranston Edwards and Bob Fagan who have offered their ground north east of Leonora, near Maurice Bore. Cranston or Bob can be contacted by APLA members using contact details on the APLA website.

Please be aware that it is crucial that APLA members abide by APLA’s rules of behaviour. Access to all of these areas depends solely on doing the right thing, informing the local pastoralist of your presence, cleaning up when departing. But most of all, making a full report on time spent detecting, fuel and food expenses, location of gold found and the amount. This is essential. If we don’t abide by these conditions we will definitely lose the access, our reputation and our good will with the tenement holders.

Others companies are:

Copyright 2016 © Amalgamated and Prospectors and Leaseholders Association. Contact [email protected] Page 8 St Barbara Mining, contact Kylie Oakley, Land Manager, Tel: +61 (8) 9476 5555. They hold ground north of Leonora

Saracen Mining, contact Jane Collins, tel: +61 8 6229 9100. Hold ground north of Leonora and south of Leinster

Focus Minerals, Tel: +61 (0) 8 9215 7888, Hold ground around Coolgardie and Laverton.

Navigator Mining & Kin Mining, 08 9242 2227, Ground east of Leonora and Redcastle, south of Laverton.

Norton Goldfeilds, Tel +61 (8) 9092 5915. Ground north of Kalgoorlie.

Metals X, tel: +61 8 9220 5700, ground near Meekatharra and Cue.

The list is correct at time of printing.

These companies will require you to sign a permission document, be an APLA member, hold a driving licence and have third party car insurance in addition to APLA’s Public Liability Insurance. Please support APLA and them by completing a thorough report to the company at the end of your trip. This should include days spent detecting on the tenement, number of people, details of any gold found, the exact location of gold found or “nothing found”. This is useful information for companies that are building geological and sampling profiles in the search for new mines. If any members know of any companies or private lease owners that are “prospector friendly”, please let APLA know and we’ll get the info out to members. Good relations with mining companies are hard to get and very easy to lose, please respect these relationships. Thank you.

Safety and the Prospector

Safety and the Prospector …Fred Roberts

In this short and sweet (but extremely exciting and enlightening) article regarding safety and the prospector, I plan to sow a seed that will lead to the forgetful prospector never leaving an essential prospecting item at home again. How, I hear you asking? Well, the answer is simple really - Checklists.

Checklists can be all embracing so nothing will ever be left behind, or limited to essential items that are showstoppers if left at home. What is included is essentially up to the checklist owner, but consider the following hypotheticals:

If Greg Young or myself left our comb at home, it might not seem a complete disaster given that neither of us seem to get much beauty sleep of late, but if a detector was left at home a forgotten comb would fade into insignificance.

Now imagine if you will, arriving on site without a serviceable spare tyre and getting a flat, or realising that you left the spare GPS batteries at home, or forgetting the charger for your satellite telephone… The warm, fuzzy feeling of being well prepared for the prospecting ahead suddenly disappears and yes, for us forgetful folk, all can be avoided with the use of a well thought out checklist!

Checklists are usually easy to put together, but as a starting point turn to that marvellous Internet and search for “off road checklists”. Lo and behold, you will find an abundance of lists that you can adopt and/or amend for your own use.

To make it easy, let’s look at a tried and true method used by professional diving companies across the globe – where even though most modern dive systems are computerized, the humble handheld checklist still holds sway!

Diving checklists are usually A4 in size, in table format, and laminated to keep them dry and serviceable. A china graph pencil is utilised to tick off each item as it is checked.

Simple but effective folks but remember that such lists are as useless as the proverbial “tits on a bull” if they are not used! To demonstrate this observation let me relate to you a true story involving divers that occurred in the South China Sea some years ago.

An offshore construction barge was preparing to leave a site after completing its assigned project when the barge superintendent directed the divers to cut off a buoy, which had been tied to a subsea structure to mark its location. Given the structure was some way off from the barge; the divers launched their dive boat, which they had done so many times during the course of the project.

Copyright 2016 © Amalgamated and Prospectors and Leaseholders Association. Contact [email protected] Page 10 But the divers broke a cardinal rule in not checking that all the necessary equipment was on board for the task at hand. By not using their equipment checklist, they left behind one simple item – the humble diving knife.

Still, the divers figured it was a simple task in very shallow water and rather than return red-faced to the barge, one diver leapt into the water and pulled himself down to untie the rope secured to the structure…

The other divers recovered his body an hour later, after they returned to the barge to get a diving knife to cut him free from a fishing net that had snagged on the subsea structure, and in which only his hand had become entangled.

The following poem, which I’m sure many of you have read, goes a long way to illustrating this article’s intention.

“For the want of a nail the shoe was lost,

For the want of a shoe the horse was lost,

For the want of a horse the rider was lost,

For the want of a rider the battle was lost,

For the want of a battle the kingdom was lost,

And all for the want of a horseshoe-nail.”

Navigation

Safety and the Prospector …Fred Roberts

I’m sure those who read these articles and have taken the time to consider the contents would quickly realise that their aim is to improve awareness and increase discussion, hopefully leading to safer outcomes for the audience and their prospecting partners. This article is no different in its intent, and commences with a Greg Eller contribution outlining how he selects and navigates to a prospecting site.

“Prior to each prospecting trip I start by checking the Western Australia mineral map and select an area to head to. The next step is to check out the area utilising a combination of tengraph, satellite imagery on a program called Coordinates and Geomaps. Geomaps has become my main navigation tool to lead me to my selected location. I also have the coordinates program running on an Apple iPad, as it shows me good resolution satellite imagery of exactly where I am on the ground in real time. Both systems are a good crosscheck to ensure I am at the correct coordinates upon arrival.

Copyright 2016 © Amalgamated and Prospectors and Leaseholders Association. Contact [email protected] Page 11 The digital mapping system is an easy way to navigate and find one’s way to locations, but what happens when the system fails? The back-up I utilise is the original paper map and each trip I also have in the vehicle an "A1" plot printed from tengraph, so if all the digital stuff fails I can still find my way and verify where I am – better than heading home or having to find help to sort this clever stuff out.

Each time I arrive at a new location – once verifying I am in the right spot and have decided to stay – my first step is to take a screen shot from the coordinates program and email it to my partner at home. This shows the coordinates and a satellite image of exactly where I am. I repeat this process each time I move to a new location.

On site, I use a hand held GPS to navigate to and from the camp, and also to ensure I do not wander outside the tenement/area for which I have permission to detect.“

There are a number of IT experts within the APLA family who will assist/guide you to becoming familiar with these systems, but for me the moot safety point above is surely “What happens when the system fails”?

There are many situations whereby a system might fail, so let’s paint an onsite scenario where a prospector wanders off in terrain without any significant natural features – only to discover that his GPS has failed and, no matter where he looks, he has no idea how to return to camp (don’t tell the wife, but this has happened to me!).

Well, a few amongst us have an inherent sense of direction and always seem to know their location relative to camp. Ian (Duck) Waterhouse from the Mandurah branch is one such prospector and, whilst I will not go into his background, those who know him well would quickly realise this skill stems from plying his experience and knowledge of the bush to his detecting ventures.

Others, and I am one of them, have to work hard to ensure that I know the camp location relative to my prospecting position.

How? I use the sun to determine approximate direction – commencing with aligning my vehicle in a northerly direction whenever I set the vehicle up at a new location (this serves a useful second purpose – the solar panel on my roof rack gets maximum sun exposure between 1000h and 1400h when the sun is at its highest). I’m sure most of you know that, in the southern hemisphere, if you use your watch and align 12 o’clock with the Sun, and select the point midway between it and the hour hand, you will be looking at approximate North.

Copyright 2016 © Amalgamated and Prospectors and Leaseholders Association. Contact [email protected] Page 12 While using a compass may be simpler, having a sense of direction is like any other activity – the more you practice the stronger the skill, and the stronger the skill the less likely you are to become lost. To put it succinctly, the Use it or Lose it principle applies.

There is another way utilizing the sun without using a watch – catch up with me sometime and I will explain.

Off the beaten track and once prospecting, I spend my time mentally noting where the main tracks run, where any geographical features are located relevant to my camp, and the direction I intend to take prospecting. If my prospecting takes me beyond sight of camp, I challenge myself to navigate out and back using the sun to determine the direction to take – it’s a game I play, but the satisfaction in returning to camp without using the GPS is well worth the effort.

With regards to my GPS, I’ve learnt a lesson the hard way, and now always check the waypoint by selecting GO TO function to ensure my location has accurately recorded.

The big question remaining, however, is what to do if you are hopelessly disorientated and have no idea where to go or what to do – whether it’s off the beaten track on the way to your selected prospecting site, on site prospecting or heading back home or, if you know your location but break down or become disabled.

Food for thought here, and this will be the subject of the next Safety and the Prospector article.

In signing off, I admit to having no idea how these articles are regarded for I’ve only received feedback from one member other than my detecting partner – but, optimistically, perhaps no news is good news!

And so, whilst it has absolutely nothing to do with any of my articles, I’ll leave you with Homer J. Simpson’s soon to be immortal words:

I never apologize. I’m sorry, that’s the way I am.

Regards,

Fred Roberts (aka Fred Woods) also known by some, by one, as Greg Eller’s Offsider

Whilst looking through some old papers I came across the following.

A copy of Paddy Hannan’s Miners Right.

It was issued in 1893, 2 months after he discovered gold at Kalgoorlie. It is believed to be the second Miners Right issued to Paddy Hannan. Apparently this is the second Right he was issued, he lost the first while pegging out his Reward claim.

I have tried to find more information on Mr Oldfield and so far it is very sketchy.

It appears he had a store and liquor licence at a place called Mudedah Pool .

Apparently he only had the licence for a short time then transferred it to a William Saggers.

………………………………………………………………………………………………….

Article by Cranston Edwards

It is a commonly held belief that Paddy Hannan was the finder of the first gold around Kalgoorlie. He’s a much celebrated prospector and a very worthy one. However, it wasn’t Paddy that made Kalgoorlie what it is today. Paddy and his two mates, Dan O’Shea and Thomas Flanagan found the first gold near the top end of what is now Hannan St but they were sticking to the traditional type of gold bearing ground at the time, i.e “mineralized quartz”. In adhering to this method they missed out on the mother lode a bit further south, along the strike. This was the gossan cap of an ironstone hill and it caught the attention of a certain prospector named Sam Pierce. Sam Pierce may not be the household name like Hannan but it was Pierce that started what is now the “Super Pit”. His story and his recent recognition is provided below by Cranston Edwards of the Eastern Goldfeilds Prospectors Association.

Samuel William Pearce - Well respected, definitely not forgotten.

Sam Pearce’s efforts have been recognised by the Kalgoorlie-Boulder Shire.

I was very pleased to be in attendance immediately after the unveiling in upper Hannan Street, Kalgoorlie on 27th January 2017 of the “William Brookman and Sam Pearce” footpath plaque. Notable attendees were the Hon Mayor, Mr John Bowler, City CEO, Mr John Walker and Rosemary W Morgan, great great granddaughter of Sam Pearce, and her husband, Chris.

This plaque is located around 50 to 75 meters up from the Kal Miner office.

Sam Pearce’s prospecting achievement is arguably the most significant in Australian mining history. Sam and William Brookman reached Kalgoorlie on 29 June 1893 from Adelaide via Albany and York. This was a mere two weeks after the mid-June discovery of a nugget find at Maritana Hill by Paddy Hannan (not far from the top of Hannan Street).

Sam Pearce scouted around for a few days on the Paddy Hannan gold nugget rush near Mt Charlotte and Maritana Hill. Whilst evaluating he took many samples from rock for himself and others. Sam was in great demand as he had the only dolly pot at this stage of the field’s infancy. This heavy metal pot and steel rod is used to crush rock samples in aid of liberating the minerals to be panned off.

Sam found that the quartz reefs were narrow and gold bearing, at Hannan’s but were not what he and his Adelaide syndicate were after. Both Brookman and Pearce worked for and owned shares in this Adelaide Prospecting syndicate.

Sam and William moved about 5km further to the south to iron capped hills, and thick scrub being the lid of the now famous Superpit. Many prospectors had passed by this each day on the way to the condenser at Hannah’s Lake to get drinking water, but ignored it as it was near

Copyright 2016 © Amalgamated and Prospectors and Leaseholders Association. Contact [email protected] Page 16 devoid of any quartz. Reason this area was ignored seems to be the experienced diggers were mostly from Victoria where gold was nuggety or predominantly contained in the quartz.

Trying best to be inconspicuous and hidden in the black hills and thick scrub Sam Pearce soon identified significant mineralisation by dollying and panning. Almost every sample he crushed contained very rich fine gold. Sam and William Brookman soon marked out a tenement and Brookman went to Coolgardie to lodge the paperwork. When he returned from Coolgardie Sam had another area pegged and ready for lodgement again. Brookman did the clerical side and lodged the papers for the tenements whilst Sam identified the mineralisation. The zone of mineralisation got so large, with so many tenements, that the ignorant locals dubbed it Brookman’s Sheep Run, mostly because they believed all it would be good for was grazing sheep!

Little did they know what they were missing.

As the field boomed and the tenements were on sold, Brookman and Pearce both profited handsomely. However, Sam was never given his due recognition from the WA Govt or municipal authorities, as all the tenements were applied for in the name of William George Brookman. My observations from the original Gold Mining Lease documents Sam received recognition as his name was duly placed in the “lease name” identification section.

DMP archives research show an incredible 50 GML’S being so named Pearce’s Block 26 all the

way to Pearce’s Block 76 (inclusive).

Pearce’s Blocks 26,27,28, being 448Y,449Y,450Y –Bulong Goldfield.

Thence Pearce’s Blocks 29 all through to Pearce’s Block 76 being GML’S in Coolgardie Goldfield,

To give an example DMP records page #16, GML 16E, 24 acres, formally No 82a Coolgardie, as George Brookman with 60 shares, applied on 30/08/1893, and “Great Boulder’ is the name given to the tenement.

It is not known whose name of the duo was on the first PA, (prospecting area) in the said locality, but for that type of tenement all you do is put in your pegs and directional corner trenches or line markings with a paper attached and start work. That first PA shows up on the early Mines Department maps, but the DMP archivist cannot put its hands on the registrar’s book for this.According to Scott Wilson from the Eastern

Goldfields Historical society the book was viewed and around in 1974 as it had Paddy Hannan’s first tenement entered.

If anyone knows that books whereabouts please make it known.

From intensive investigations around 2006, Bob Noble found Sam Pearce had a great grandson in Adelaide named Don Pearce. Bob Noble met with Don Pearce and obtained a copy of a very good photograph of Sam with his first wife Mary. Sam has no dedicated headstone and shares his grave with his first wife Mary at site 212C grant No 1468 in Payneham Cemetery SA. This cemetery lease expired in 2006.

Brookman’s camp my best guess is Sam 3rd from left.

Sam Prospected far afield including in Africa so the camp design is no doubt has origins from there.

Photo of Mary Pearce headstone, Sam was interned at same site but no headstone to acknowledge him has been commissioned.

Footpath plaque, upper hannan St on RHS up around 75 m from the Kalgoorlie Miner office

 Gold has been discovered on every continent on earth]

 Gold melts at 1064.43° Centigrade. It can conduct both heat and electricity and it never rusts]

 A medical study in France during the early twentieth century suggests that gold is an effective treatment for rheumatoid arthritis.]

 Due to its high value, most gold discovered throughout history is still in circulation. However, it is thought that 80% of the world’s gold is still in the ground]

 Seventy-five percent of all gold in circulation has been extracted since 1910.

 The largest gold nugget ever found is the “Welcome Stranger” discovered by John Deason and Richard Oates in Australia on February 5, 1869. The nugget is 10 by 25 inches and yielded 2,248 ounces of pure gold. It was found just two inches below the ground surface

 Gold is so pliable that it can be made into sewing thread. An ounce of gold can be stretched over 50 miles.]

 One cubic foot of gold weighs half a ton. The world’s largest gold bar weighs 200 kg (440 lb)]

 Gold is so rare that the world pours more steel in an hour than it has poured gold since the beginning of recorded history.

 Around 1200 B.C., the Egyptians used unshorn sheepskin to mine for gold dust from the sands of the Black Sea. This practice is most likely the inspiration for the “Golden Fleece. ]  Though the ancient Jews apparently had enough gold to create and dance around a golden calf while Moses was talking to God on Mt. Sinai, scholars speculate that it never occurred to the Jews to bribe themselves out of captivity because gold was not yet associated with money

 There are more than 400 references to gold in the Bible, including specific instructions from God to cover furniture in the tabernacle with “pure gold.” Gold is also mentioned as one of the gifts of the Magi ]  Carat weight can be 10, 12, 14, 18, 22, or 24. The higher the number, the greater the purity. To be called “solid gold,” gold must have a minimum weight of 10 carats. “Pure gold” must have a carat weight of 24,

(though there is still a small amount of copper in it). Pure gold is so soft that it can be molded by hand

 During the fourteenth century, drinking molten gold and crushed emeralds were used as a treatment for the bubonic plaque]

 In 1599, a Spanish governor in Ecuador taxed the Jivaro tribe so excessively that they executed him by pouring molten gold down his throat. This form of execution was also practiced by the Romans and the Spanish Inquisition.

 Gold is edible. Some Asian countries put gold in fruit, jelly snacks, coffee, and tea. Since at least the 1500s, Europeans have been putting gold leaf in bottles of liquor, such as Danziger Goldwasser and

Goldschlager. Some Native American tribes believed consuming gold could allow humans to levitate

Copyright 2016 © Amalgamated and Prospectors and Leaseholders Association. Contact [email protected] Page 21  Gold and copper were the first metals to be discovered by humans around 5000 B.C. and are the only two non-white-colored metals.

 The “troy ounce” of gold comes from the French town of Troyes, which first created a system of weights in the Middle Ages used for precious metals and gems. One troy ounce is 480 grains. A grain is exactly 64.79892 mg.

 The Mines of South Africa can descend as far as 12,000 feet and reach temperatures of 130°F. To produce an ounce of gold requires 38 man hours, 1400 gallons of water, enough electricity to run a large house for ten days, and chemicals such as cyanide, acids, lead, borax, and lime. In order to extract South Africa’s yearly output of 500 tons of gold, nearly 70 million tons of earth are raised and milled

 Only approximately 142,000 tons of gold have mined throughout history. Assuming the price of gold is $1,000 per ounce, the total amount of gold that has been mined would equal roughly $4.5 trillion. The United States alone circulates or deposits over $7.6 trillion, suggesting that a return to the gold standard would not be feasible. While most scholars agree a return to a gold standard is not feasible, a few gold standard advocates (such as many Libertarians and Objectivists), argue that a return to a gold standard system would ease inflation risks and limit government power.]

 The purity of gold is measured in carat weight. The term “carat” comes from “carob seed,” which was standard for weighing small quantities in the Middle East. Carats were the fruit of the leguminous carob tree, every single pod of which weighs 1/5 of a gram (200 mg)]

TECHNICAL ARTICLE

The Importance of a “Representative Sample”

Bob Fagan

A point that very few prospectors and even some geologists fail to understand is the critical importance of sample size when sampling. The sample must be large enough that it is representative of the material from which it is drawn Only then will duplicate samples of the same size give the same result.

In general however the coarser grained, lower grade and more unevenly distributed the target component (eg gold, copper, nickel etc) is, the larger the sample must be in order to be “representative” and reflect the same grade as the material from which it is drawn. There are some slightly complex relationships explained in the following discussion but please persevere – it will be worth it.

THE NUGGET EFFECT

Serious problems can arise particularly where gold and other precious metal grades are generally very low in absolute terms (grams/tonne rather than percent), and the particle size is often large in comparison with the total target metal content in the sample.

The most sampling problems arise when the target metal (eg gold) occurs:

1. in a relatively small number of particles 2. these particles are relatively coarse 3. are unevenly distributed 4. and the overall grade is low.

These factors combine to cause what is known as the nugget effect.

To help explain the concept of the nugget effect, imagine a gold deposit of one gram/tonne grade, where all the gold is in one gram size pieces and each tonne contains only one piece of gold. Imagine sampling that deposit using one kilogram samples. Nine hundred and ninety nine samples would come back with a gold grade of zero. The only one sample in 1000 containing any gold would register a grade of 1000 g/tonne. None of the 1000 samples gave the true grade (1 g/tonne), 99.9% gave significantly less than the true grade (zero gold), and only 0.1% of the samples recorded any gold and the grade recorded was out by 1000-fold. If the sample size is too small it is impossible to establish the true grade. Even 100 kg samples in this example would register a zero grade 99% of the time, and overestimate the grade (by a factor of 10) for the remaining sample.

Now although this is rather an extreme example, a sobering thought is that too small a sample size can never give the true grade and widely under estimates the true grade in the majority of cases. Because of this, perhaps as many mineable gold deposits have been walked away from, through erroneously low assays that are the result of poor sampling (particularly too small a sample size), as have been found and mined.

A useful graphical method (see below), can be used to select a sample size that will on average provide a sample containing a sufficient number of gold particles to avoid the nugget effect. Any sample that contains twenty average sized particles will avoid the scatter of results that occur if on average only a small number of target particles occur in each sample. If our sample has three gold particles in it, then the addition of subtraction of one gold particle makes a

Copyright 2016 © Amalgamated and Prospectors and Leaseholders Association. Contact [email protected] Page 23 big difference to the result. If our sample has twenty gold particles then the addition of subtraction of one or two particles makes only a slight difference to the result.

In order to determine the actual size of this sample we need to select an appropriate ore particle size (the coarsest gold particle size visible is usually taken), and have a rough idea of the probable grade. From knowing the rough grade we can calculate how large the sample must be to contain twenty such particles assuming all particles are of this size. Using the example above, if the selected gold particle weighs 1 gram and the average grade is 1 gram/tonne then a sample containing twenty such particles must weigh twenty tonnes. If the gold particle weighs only 0.01 gram then a sample size of 200 kg will contain 20 such particles.

According to the graph illustrated below (refer to the precious metal area shaded yellow), in order to contain 20 particles of average size 0.1 mm, a 1 g/tonne gold ore needs a sample size of 40 grams. This would need to be 300 grams if the particle size is 0.2 mm and so on. It can be seen from this that: the coarser the grainsize of the target phase the larger the sample size must be.

It is imperative that this correct sample size is taken otherwise the grades determined are likely to be seriously in error and underestimating the true grade, and may form the basis of decisions that may be seriously flawed. The problem is that you don’t know that at the time.

Another problem that arises from this is that if the gold particle size is large, then the sample size may be impractically high (10 kg for grades of 4 g/t and gold particles of 1 mm). There is no way that most assay labs can assay 10kg of sample. Instead they may extract 100 grams and assay that. This however defeats the whole sampling exercise (you could have done that by taking only 100 g of sample in the first place).

What should happen is that the assay lab should follow the blue line on the graph and grind the whole 10 kg to 0.5 mm in size, homogenize (thoroughly mix) the sample and slit of 1.5 kg, grind this down to 0.25 mm (homogenize) and split off 150 g etc until around 50 grams of sample remains. This 50 grams or so will still have 20 (now much reduced in size) gold particles and will give a reasonably reproducible realistic grade for the original sample. To make life a little bit easier if the gold particle size is less than 0.2 mm then sample sizes of 1 kg should be adequate.

The graph below can also be used to calculate the representative sample size for base metal ores (the pink area of the graph) in a similar fashion. Further explanation of the method is presented on the graph page itself if necessary.

Turning effective sampling into reproducible assay grades for loose or crushed sample in the field

One of the advantages of prospecting is that you can take samples of loose or pulverized material and pan them down to a small concentrate and see the contained gold. If you can see 15-25 coarser particles then you are likely to be looking at a representative sample. If you see, say only 5 particles (rather than about 20), then the sample is unrepresentative and a representative sample should be four times larger. If you have more than 20 or so target particles the sample can be proportionally smaller and still be representative. If you are not weighing and mechanically concentrating the sample by panning, dryblowing or sluicing, then you may not be getting reliable and reproducible data.

By combining the effective sampling and panning process for a weighed sample, with the following table you can turn the results into an assay grade.

As an example, lets say you have produced a panned concentrate from 10 kg of original sample that contains 20 x 1 mm sized flakes of gold. This indicates that you have a representative sample (that should give a reproducible result on any repeat 10 kg sample). By using the table, each 1 mm particle represents the equivalent of 0.2 g/t in grade terms. Because there are 20 of them this means the sample has an assay grade of (0.2 x 20) or 4 g/t Au.

If you only recovered 10 gold particles, then you would need a 20 kg sample to be representative (and contain 20 particles) and the grade would then be 2 gram/tonne.

Laboratory assaying of this same material would not give you this level of detailed information. If you had sampled 20 kg and assayed a carefully prepared sample derived from the whole 20 kg (as described earlier with the blue zig-zag on the graph), then you should also get the same grade of 2 g/t Au. But you would not know that the sample was representative, or know the size and character of the contained gold. You would also not know the grade on the ground at the time of sample.

REPRESENTATIVE SAMPLE SIZES PRECIOUS & NON-PRECIOUS METAL ORES This chart calculates the sample size expected to contain 20 particles, of the nominated particle size, at the 68% confidence level. For confidence levels beyond 68% refer to inset chart.

0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.91.0 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 20 30 40 50 mm

Mineral S.G. 900 % CONFIDENCE Vs NUMBER OF TARGET PARTICLES 900 800 800 700 Multiples of Graphed Sample Weight 700 Arsenopyrite 6.0 600 5 10 15 20 25 600 l Azurite 3.8 500 e 500

e c v n Bornite 5.0 400 e

d 400

e i

l f Cassiterite 7.0 300 n 300 d o

s C Chalcopyrite 4.2 250 l 250 o %

m 200 200 Chalcocite 5.6 g

a d Chromite 6.1 r 150 Number of Target Particles 150 n Galena 7.4 g u t

o / 100 o 100 Goethite 4.0 l r g i 90 Gold 19.3 90 g k 80 k 5 t 80

/ 70 c 6 70 Haematite 5.3 1 g 60 n 60 a t i 0 4 /

Ilmenite 4.7 b . 50 50

t 6 g 0 Magnetite 5.2 b 0

h . 40 p 40 Malachite 4.0 0 5

g p 2 30 . 30 i Molybdenite 5.0 0 t

e 4 / g t Pentlandite 4.8 20 / 20 w g Platinum 21.4 1 t / t

e 4 g / 15

l 15 Pyrite 5.0 g 6 Pyrolusite 5.1 p 1 2 10 10kg 3 10

Pyrrhotite 4.6 m 9 9 . Scheelite 6.0 a 8 c 8 7 c 7 S 6 / 6 Silver 10.5 g 5 3 5 Sphalertite 4.0 . 0 9 . 4 5 4 Stibnite 4.7 1 . Wolframite 7.5 3 . 3 G G 2.5 . . 2.5 S S 2 2 - Weighted Average F

1.5 O 1.5 S.G. ~ 5.0 D ) % 1.5 kg e S % % % % L n 5 % 5 % % 0 . . 5 0 n L 1 5 0 0 1 Kg E 0 2 1 2 5 1 1 Kg I o t A 900 F / 900 s R 800 800 S 700 m E 700 L a 600 r N 600 A g I 500 T - M 500

E 400 m E M p 400 300 p R ( 300 S O 250 s U 250 S 200 O 200

m I U

a 150 C O 150 r 150 g E R

g R E 100 P F 100 I 90 n 90

i 80 L 80 L 70 t 70 60 A 60 h T 50 grams sample weight 50 E 50 g 50 g i 40 M 40

e 30 Reducing 10kg of representative, % 30 w 4g/t, 1mm sized gold sample, to a 25 T 50g representative sub-sample. 25 e 20 H l 20 G p I 15 size reduction 10 kg sample 15

E e l

m p

W m All samples greater than

a 10 a 10 s 50g will require grinding, 9 - S

b 9

8 u & sub-sampling before 8 s 7 assaying. 7 6 6 5 1.5 kg sub-sample 5

4 4 3 Precious metals - Au, PGM & Ag 3 2.5 2.5

XRF 2 2 powder 1.5 Non-precious mineral ores . 1.5 samples Effective limit of visibility 100% <100 microns 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 20 30 40 50 mm Maximum ore mineral particle size (mm)

For duplicate samples of irregularly distributed minerals the assumption of the presence 20 nominated particles is likely to occur within one standard deviation (68% confidence).To increase this to two standard deviations,(90% confidence level), the sample size determined from the chart should be multiplied by 10. At three standard deviations, 98% confidence level, multiply by 25 (see inset graph). For silver (S.G. 10.5), the samples sizes determined for gold should be halved.

Knowing the coarsest target mineral particle size (from observation of panned material etc), select that particle size from the graphs bottom axis, extend up to the sloping line that may be appropriate to the likely overall grade of your sample. Extend across the graph to read the representative sample size (in kilograms or grams) from the vertical axis. For non-precious metal ores, an SG of 5.0 g/cc has been chosen as an average for most common ore minerals.

NB! If the sample contains significantly less than the 20 nominated sized particles, the sample is not representative and will generally underestimate the true grade and will be incapable of giving consistent and reproducible results. If the sample contains close to 20 such particles, the sample will give a generally reliable and reproducible grade in two samples out of three. If the sample contains more than 20 such particles, the sample will also give a reliable and generally reproducible grade but be larger in size than necessary to be a representative sample. If the presence of 100, rather than 20 nominated particles is preferred, then the sample weights determined from the above graph should be multiplied by 5.

PERTH BRANCH

Perth Presidents Plug

The Season is Now!!

Perth branch have gotten the year off to a great start with a branch social day being held on March the 12th with a good turnout. Plus we have had three GeoMap training nights and another 40 odd members are now GeoMap users, plus 20 odd who did last year’s sessions came in for a 3 hour refresher night as well.

The Perth branch meetings are being well patronised with most meeting seeing 60+ members, so I think we must have something right with the format, location, guest speakers and time. Our April meeting is coming up fast so if you are in town come along and meet some fellow members and hopefully pick up a few tips.

We are trying to secure a guest speaker to speak on leases for the April meeting.

The Minelab Raffle draw was conducted at the February meeting, and the winners notified. The winner of the detector is a new APLA member and also attended the open social day.

Just a reminder that our branch AGM is held at the June meeting, so if you would like to be more involved and give something back to the Association and be part of the Management Committee or take up an executive role now is the time to start thing about it.

Thank you to John Plummer, Greg Young, Greg Eller and others who helped organise, setup and run the Perth Social day which included a detecting challenge as well as a test bed to see which detector would find a minute bit of gold at the deepest depth. I think most members were surprised with the result. Also thanks to Peter and Aileen for the demonstration on using Divining Rods, again it was an eye opener for the members who were there and gave it a go.

Thank you to Bill, Sue, Jo, and Sandra for making time available and being prepared to step in and help with the training nights. I am trying to schedule another training night for early May, and am just waiting on availability of the hall to be confirmed and will circulate an email once it’s locked in. I think the training has been well received, and my only complaint is that I believe some members abused the offer to bring their partner along. The training is being provided at a much discounted rate for APLA members and the offer for your partner to attend without paying extra was intended to be exactly that, not an opening to bring another member / mate to get two trained for the price of one. As a result all future training sessions the option to bring your partner along will not be an open offer and will only be available on a case by case basis and

Copyright 2016 © Amalgamated and Prospectors and Leaseholders Association. Contact [email protected] Page 27 then only if the partner is on the same membership, eg 4393 and 4393A, and there is room available.

For the Perth branch our next couple of meetings for 2017 are currently scheduled for April 19. And the AGM is June 28, so come along and get involved.

Looking forward to catching up with you all as the year progresses.

Kurk Brandstater

President Perth Branch

EPSG BRANCH

GREAT SOUHERN BRANCH

MANDURAH BRANCH

New elections were held at the AGM 12th March.

Office bears .. President.. TBC Secretary.. Bob Wilson Treasurer.. Jill Daniels Membership Co-ordinator.. Lesley Crocos Committee.. Carol Wilson, Sid & Maureen Cheverton, Gerda & John Butler, Stan Daniels

Di Weston, Steve Sheldon, Kay woollett, Ray Crocos.

ANNUAL CAMP.. will be held from Fri 19th to Mon 22nd of May, in the Murchison area.

A special thanks to Gerda Butler for her leadership and success in presiding over the branch as President for the past 3 years.

By S Palmer Western Australia’s gold rush was from the1880’s through to the 1930’s and resulted in more than 120 town sites. Of which approximately 20 are still in existence. The progression from gold find to town site followed a similar pattern each time. Firstly the miners establishing their 50 foot by 50 foot claims, usually within 48 hrs over a 100 miners were working in the area. Hotel and shop keepers would follow and within two weeks a community of canvas, burlap sacks and flattened kerosene tins would exist divided roughly into miners camps and commercial area. A mining surveyor would soon arrive and mark out business areas and residential areas into some resemblance of order. A progress committee was formed and application made to the local Warden to have the site declared a town. This process could take up to 3 years, thus many places were deserted by the time the application was granted because the gold had run out. The town was usually named after the finder of the gold.

Following are some of the towns now ghost towns. .

HACKS

LOCATION Just south of the current town of Sandstone.

HISTORY Gold was discovered there in January 1903 by the two HACKS brothers and their partner George DENT. They pegged the Adelaide lease which was surveyed in March that year.

The Black Range lease was pegged just to the south shortly afterward by Frederick BELLCHAMBERS, M. MORRISON, W. PEADE and J. MILLER.2 In November 1903 Hans W. IRVINE took up the option of the Adelaide lease and also purchased the Black Range lease which were worked collectively as the Black Range Gold Mine. The company was a consistent producer until 1914 and ceased production in 1916. Other companies worked the leases until 1921.

ACCOMMODATION BOARDING HOUSE 1 Mrs M. T. MULLINS is listed in the 1908 postal directory. BOARDING HOUSE 2 Carl NOSKE is listed in the 1908 postal directory. BOARDING HOUSE 3 Henry C. TIPPETT is listed in the 1908 postal directory.

HAWKS NEST

LOCATION About 1.6 kilometres north of the present town of Ravensthorpe. INDUSTRY Copper and gold mining.

HISTORY This was the original settlement until Ravensthorpe was surveyed nearby.

UTILITIES George DANCE had a small condenser to supply drinking water. POSTAL SERVICES / STORE There was a bush timber and galvanised iron combined post office and store operated by W. SCOTT of Mount Barker there in June 1900. ACCOMMODATION Mrs GIBSON had a boarding house. OTHER BUSINESSES BAKER Paddy HENRY had a stone oven and sold bread.

HIGGINSVILLE

LOCATION Latitude 31° 45' south by Longitude 121° 43' east.

The town was about fifty eight kilometres north of the present town of Norseman on the railway line between Norseman and Kambalda

HISTORY Paddy HIGGINS discovered the field in 1905. He was backed by the General Manager and the Mine Manager of the Red Hill Westralia Co. In December 1907 the Red Hill Westralia Gold Mines Ltd of Kambalda moved its equipment and operations to the Sons of Erin mine at Higginsville. The townsite was gazetted in 1907 and is believed to be named after the prospector, Patrick Justice HIGGINS. The Sons of Erin mine had good returns for the next eleven years. Another area mine was the Sugar Gum. By the early 1920's the town had ceased to exist.

t s ! GOLDTALK a k ls F c il LEONORA a k tr s r Training courses for prospectors u o Subjects include: y ● Identifying target areas ● Pegging ground ● Metal detector basics/advanced ● Loaming and Dollying ● Sampling methods ● Bulldozing for gold ● Smelting and selling gold …..and more Based in Leonora, WA. Run by full-time prospectors.

For course information go to ► www.goldtalkleonora.com.au or call 0418 277 861

Personalise your Shirts Signs…

With the new APLA shirts Need signage for you lease? coming on the market why not “Keep Out”, “Danger”, etc. add your name on the pocket. Your name/ch num on the Makes it easier for people to back of your caravan? talk to you, with them Call… ALL TYPES OF SIGNS, knowing your name. and get a good discount for $5 for name embroidered being an APLA member. on your shirts. Steve. Mob: 0498 353 232. Contact linda on

0409971438.

The Happy prospector mobile device

Minelab 4500 metal detector in good clean condition.

Includes a choice of 6 from 12 coils, spare coil shafts, spare power cable (new, never used), original Koss earphones like new, genuine Minelab backpack, battery only two years old (and they last 5 to 6 years if you take care of them), 12 volt and 240 volt chargers and operating manual. Note: the coils alone are worth $100.00 to $200.00 in used condition and from $250.00 to $500.00 new.

Price – $2800.00, negotiable. Contact Les 0428679782 for pics and details.

Fuel tank 18,000 litres, ex BP, Hi-spec, located WA Goldfields, north of Leonora.

Tank is good externally, internals are unknown. Sits on a skid base, has dip stick fittings on top, access manhole for inspection and cleaning, access ladder, lifting padeyes and outlet valve.

Located 40 kms south of Leinster in WA Goldfeilds. Buyer to remove and ship out. Bitumen road and good gravel road access to the site. Surplus to requirements so it has to go. Contact Les 0428679782 for pics and details Price $6500.00. Negotiable.

FREE…SET OF PERSONALISED NUMBER

PLATES…

Yes Plates are free. They are being held down at Albany at the moment. If interested please Ph; 0419 692 151. Lindsay Stockdale.

For hire

– tri-axle semi trailer and tractor unit, 27 tonne carrying capacity for dozers, loaders, machinery, etc.

Operates around the Leonora/Menzies/Laverton/Leinster areas and across the WA Goldfeilds.

Good rates, reliable delivery.

WANTED – Small rock crusher, with or without engine, HONDA preferred. Feed rate 50kg to 100 kg per hour. Hammer, jaw, rod or ball mills, all considered. Contact Les 0428679782

WANTED – Small apron feeder or belt feeder. Contact Les on 0428679782

MINING LEASE FOR SALE Laverton Mining Lease M38/445 34.5 hectares - $22,000 neg. Fully granted mining lease with an expiry date of December 2028 located 13 kms from Laverton on an all - weather road. Access to the lease is via an unsealed track which is accessible all-weather and suitable for normal caravan and camper trailer. DMP annual rental - $596.75 Shire of Laverton annual rates - $486.79 The established campsite has a purpose built shower with concrete slab floor, outback toilet and a sheltered campfire. A level caravan/ camper trailer parking bay is located near shady trees. Drinking water is available in Laverton at a 24hr standpipe facility. An abundance of wildlife is seen on the lease with regular sightings of kangaroos and emus. A very secure lease with a local prospector living within 1 km and acting as caretaker. A current (approved) Programme Of Works (POW) is in place for 6 blocks of 2ha’s which have been identified as potential areas for pushing/ scraping operations. The current POW will expiry in 2020

Copyright 2016 © Amalgamated and Prospectors and Leaseholders Association. Contact [email protected] Page 35 An existing creek system runs through the lease in a north-eastern to south-western direction and fine gold has been panned in this creek by the current owner. Gold nuggets ranging from 0.2gms to 21.24gms have been detected on this lease by the current owner.

Contact Owner – James Allison – 0400 308 126

DISCLAIMER

APLA and the Editor take no responsibility for the comments an opinions expressed by contributors to the newsletter. Every attempt is taken to avoid offensive opinions and personal attacks. The Newsletter acknowledges that on some issues views are strongly felt and that there are a range of opinions across the membership. If you have contrary views then you are encouraged to express them and argue your case through this NewsletterAPLA and the APLA Newsletter editors take no responsibility for any decision taken by members or others on the basis of technical other content featuring in the Newsletter. It is the readers responsibility to take full responsibility and exercise due diligence in their Actions and decisions.Because this newsletter is a periodical publication we cannot guarantee that all the items inserted for inclusion are current. In some instances advertised dates and events may have already occurred at the time of publication. To Minimise the likelihood of outdated items it is suggested that such items be submitted for publication at least a month before the event.