View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by The University of Sydney: Sydney eScholarship Journals online Mapping Joseph Furphy’s Riverina—Yooringa ALAN JOHN THOMPSON Independent Researcher A little learning is a dang’rous thing; Drink deep, or taste not the Pierian spring. ALEXANDER POPE, An Essay on Criticism In this essay, I chronicle my attempt to produce an accurate topographical map of the setting for Chapter III of Joseph Furphy’s Such Is Life and the route that the novel’s narrator and main protagonist Tom Collins follows through that landscape. I also set out my attempts to map the ‘exact locality’ of this setting within the real world of the Riverina, beyond Tom’s evasive admission that ‘it was somewhere between Echuca and Albury’ (SIL 82/102).1 Of course, it is not entirely necessary to fully answer these questions to be able to broadly follow the events that take place in Chapter III. Nevertheless, while the intricacies of the landscape are not immediately obvious from a cursory reading, it is evident from Furphy’s judicious and precise placement of numerous topographical and geolocational markers or clues within the text (notwithstanding Tom’s often seemingly fumbling attempts to conceal them), that he (Furphy) probably intended the ‘observant reader’ (SIL 2/2) to use these clues as signposts in order to form a detailed picture of location and landscape; or, perhaps, more in line with the wider themes of Such Is Life, he meant to lure him or her into such an attempt. I felt I owed it to Furphy to accept his challenge and try to ‘shift some of my inborn ignorance’ (SIL 128/159). Unfortunately, Furphy’s original plan with respect to this setting was significantly undermined when, compelled by the expediency of getting published, he eventually agreed to shorten the length of Such Is Life by, among other things, completely removing the original Chapter V. The events of Chapter V had been set in the same location as the events of Chapter III and many of the clues which would ultimately help the observant and attentive reader to identify the setting had been placed in the later chapter. Of course, Furphy later reworked the original Chapter V and it was eventually published as Rigby’s Romance, but this meant that these clues ended up being distributed between two separate works rather than two separate chapters of the one work, Such Is Life, as originally conceived. Consequently, one must now read Such Is Life and Rigby’s Romance together to gather all the clues. Mapping the Topography of Yooringa and Tom Collins’s Route To make sense of the landscape in Chapter III of Such Is Life, the reader must recognise that Furphy often places his clues, the signposts, the key pieces of information necessary to precisely locate an incident either much earlier or later in the text than the point in the narrative when that incident occurs. He usually does this indirectly and without overt authorial comment, such that it is left entirely to the reader to make the connections between these various pieces of information. Furphy uses a similar technique when inserting clues which enable the reader to identify individuals. JASAL: Journal of the Association for the Study of Australian Literature 20.1 I will firstly identify and analyse those signposts which are key to gaining an overall picture of the wider landscape of Chapter III. This will provide a good illustration of Furphy’s technique and show how the broad framework of the accompanying map (Map 1) was developed and some of the main topographical features positioned within it: • Early in the chapter, while Tom is at his camp on the north side of the river, he sees ‘the figure of a swagman approaching from the west—that is, coming up the river’ (SIL 84/105; my emphasis), Tom presumes ‘coming from Moama’ (SIL 91/114). In the course of their conversation, the swagman reveals his name is Andy and that he has ‘the misfortune to be a bit hard o’ hearin’’(SIL 92/115) and his ‘eyes is none o’ the best’ (SIL 93/116). He also says, ‘I was at a place eight or ten miles down the river, on the Vic. Side . camping as fur off of [this bloke’s] place as from here to the other side o’ the river; an’ a lagoon betwixt’ (SIL 92/115; my emphasis). When he also tells Tom that he is on his way to H____ Brother’s sawmill, looking for work, Tom replies, ‘Well, I hope you get on there, mate’ (SIL 93/116; my emphasis); • Much later, at the conclusion of Tom’s night-time odyssey, he notices, while making his way back to the road, ‘far away in the river timber, the red light of a camp-fire. some swagman’s camp beyond doubt . .’ (SIL 110–11/138; my emphasis). He makes his way to the campfire and spends the night there. Next morning, in the clear light of day, he sees and recognises the scene before him: ‘The Victorian River Road, running east and west, lay about three quarters of a mile to the south . The eastern prospect was more interesting. Within twenty yards of my lair, a long deep lagoon lay north and south . A roomy homestead . stood almost opposite my point of observation, and about a hundred yards distant . .’ (SIL 113/141; my emphasis). Then, ‘[a]way beyond the farm, two or three miles up the road I recognised the F___’s Arms Hotel. B___’s place lay beyond, and to the right, but shut out from view by a paddock of green timber’ (SIL 113/141–42; my emphasis). By recognising and making the connections between these signposts the observant reader can deduce that the camp Tom has found is Andy’s camp from the day before, and the roomy homestead is ‘this bloke’s place.’ From clues found later in this and the next chapter, we are able to work out that this bloke is Mr Quarterman,2 and, with the help of further clues from Rigby’s Romance, that the F___’s Arms Hotel is ‘Maginnis (late Waterton), Farmers’ Arms, Yooringa’ (RR 3). While approaching Yooringa from Echuca along the Victorian River Road, Tom notes that ‘a slight angle in the road brought into view the Farmers’ Arms, two or three miles ahead’ (RR 23). We are also able to identify B___’s place as the home of Tom’s friend, Mr Binney, and that Tom’s camp must be some six or seven miles east of the hotel and a little less from Mr Binney’s place. Of course, these clues are also pivotal to enabling the observant reader to recognise the swagman Andy of Chapter III as the same person as the swagman, Andrew Glover, whom Tom meets again in the final scene of the novel (Chapter VII). Here, as in their earlier meeting, Tom addresses Andy as ‘mate’: ‘Indeed he did n’t, mate’ (SIL 296/369; my emphasis). These are the only two instances in Such Is Life when Furphy has Tom address a person thus and, emphasising this connection further, Furphy has Tom’s diary entry for this day read (with an ambiguity that is surely intentional): ‘SAT. MARCH 29. To Runnymede. Tom Armstrong and mate.’ (SIL 264/329; my emphasis). This ironical use of the word ‘mate’ is clearly a signpost for the observant reader, but whether this use is Tom’s (as ‘chronicler’) THOMPSON: Furphy's Riverina -- Yooringa 2 Editors: Ellen Smith and Tony Simoes da Silva JASAL: Journal of the Association for the Study of Australian Literature 20.1 or Furphy’s alone (as novelist), and whether it is possible for the reader to ultimately determine which, and what we might conclude from each of these possibilities, is another question altogether. It is worth noting that nowhere in the final version of Such Is Life is this locale actually named. Indeed, even the extant sections of Chapters III and V of the typescript version of Such Is Life do not give it a name and it is only in the final published versions of Rigby’s Romance that we discover that the placename is Yooringa. Accordingly, it is quite possible that Furphy came up with the name of Yooringa only after he had produced the final version of Such Is Life when he was reworking Chapter V into Rigby’s Romance. Nevertheless, a detail in a story told by Steve Thompson in Rigby’s Romance should dispel any lingering doubt as to whether the setting of Chapter III of Such Is Life and the Yooringa of Rigby’s Romance are the same place. In telling the story of his January ‘73 canoe ride with Agnes Cameron to those camped on ‘Cameron’s Bend, down from Waterton’s pub’ (RR 7; my emphasis), he says: ‘When we had gone a little better than a mile, we saw a farm house in front of us . It was Quarterman’s Place—two or three miles from here by the road’ (RR 62; my emphasis). Having established this broad topographical context, we can now examine the text for further clues in order to seek out a more detailed picture of the landscape and how Tom navigates it. Tom describes how, at around six o’clock in the afternoon of Friday, Nov. 9, 1883, he boarded a bark canoe to cross from the New South Wales to the Victorian side of the Murray River.