2004-09 UK Defence Statistics 2004.Pdf

Home , 3 Commando Brigade, British Forces Cyprus, British Forces Gibraltar, BTR Aerospace Group, Castle Quarter (Cardiff), Cymbeline (radar)

UK Defence Statistics 2004

A National Statistics Publication

111111111111111112

CONTENTS

Chapter Page 2.8 Strengths of the UK Regular Forces by age and by 47 Section rank at 1 April each year or Table 2.9 Full-time trained strengths and Requirements at 1 48 April each year Introduction 5 Symbols and conventions 6 2.10 Strengths of the UK Regular Forces by ethnic origin at 49 1 April 2003 1 Finance 2.11 Strengths of the UK Regular Forces by ethnic origin 50 Introduction and Key Trends 7 and broad rank at 1 April each year Note on Resource Accounting and Budgeting 9 2.12 Strengths of the UK Regular Forces by sex and rank 51 Departmental Resources at 1 April each year Notes and Key Trends 10 2.13 Strengths of the Reserve Forces at 1 April each year 52 Defence Expenditure / Budget 1.1 12 2.14 Strengths of the cadet forces 52 Total Expenditure on Services by Government 1.2 13 2.15 Intake of UK Regular Forces from civil life by service 53 Function 2.16 Intake of UK Regular Forces by ethnic origin and 54 1.3 Principal Headings of the Defence Budget (resource 14 service basis) 2.17 Intake of UK Regular Forces by sex and service 55 MOD Resources by Budgetary Areas 1.4 15 2.18 Gains to the trained Strength of UK Regular Forces 55 1.5 MOD Resources by Departmental Aims and 16 by service Objectives 2.19 Outflow of UK Regular Forces by Service and whether 56 1.6 MOD Fixed Assets: 2003 17 trained or untrained MOD Research & Development expenditure outturn 1.7 18 Note on intake and outflow from UK Regular Forces 57 Industry and employment Chart to tables 2.15 and 2.19 57 Notes and Key Trends 19 2.20 Outflow from trained Strength to Civil life of UK 58 1.8 Defence expenditure outturn in the UK: breakdown by 20 Regular Forces by Service and ethnic origin industry group up to 2001/02 2.21 Outflow from UK Regular Forces by sex and reason 59 1.8a Defence expenditure outturn in the UK: breakdown by 21 for leaving industry group 2002/03 2.22 Outflow from trained UK Regular Forces by sex and 60 1.9 Estimated UK employment dependent on MOD 22 Service expenditure and defence exports Notes and sources and methods of UK Forces Deaths 61 1.10 MOD Payments on Private Finance Initiative (PFI) 23 statistics Projects: 2003/04 2.23 Deaths of UK Regular Forces personnel by sex and 62 Trade by service, numbers and rates Notes and Key Trends 24 Chart to table 2.23 62 1.11 Estimated imports and exports of defence equipment 25 2.24 Causes of death of UK Regular Forces in 2003, 63 (goods) numbers and rates 1.12 Estimates of total export deliveries and orders: 26 Chart to table 2.24 63 defence equipment and services 2.25 Military salaries: illustrative rates and indices 64 1.13 MOD Estimated balance of payments for Trade in 27 Chart to table 2.25 64 Services 2.26 NATO Rank codes, UK service ranks and civilian 65 Defence Contracts equivalents Notes and Key Trends 28 Civilian Personnel 1.14 Contracts placed: by type 29 Note on the definition of the MOD Civilian workforce 66 1.15 Major equipment projects 30 2.27 Civilian personnel numbers by broad category at 1 67 1.16 Organisations paid £5 million or more by the Ministry 31 April each year of Defence in 2003/04 Chart to table 2.27 67 International Defence 2.28 Civilian personnel by function and grade equivalence 68 at 1 April each year Notes and Key Trends 33 1.17 Estimates of MOD Peacekeeping costs : 2003-04 34 2.29 Strength of civilian personnel by ethnic origin and 69 1.18 NATO Countries’ Defence Expenditure 1999-2003 35 grade at 1 April each year 1.19 NATO Countries’ Defence Expenditure as a % of GDP 36 2.30 Strength of civilian personnel by sex, grade and 70 2 Personnel whether full- or part-time 2.31 Intake and outflow of civilian personnel 71 Introduction and Key Trends 37 2.32 Intake and outflow of civilian personnel by ethnic 72 Personnel summary origin and broad grade Note on sources and methods 38 2.33 Intake of civilians by sex, grade and whether full- or 73 Recent trends in service and civilian numbers at 2.1 38 part-time 1 April each year 2.34 Outflow of civilians by sex, grade and whether full- or 74 Personnel by budgetary area at 1 April 2004 2.2 39 part-time 2.3 Location of UK personnel in the United Kingdom at 1 41 2.35 Number of working days lost due to sickness of 75 April each year civilian personnel, by ICD Code 2.4 Global locations of UK personnel, at 1April each year 42 2.36 Civilian Personnel in Defence Agencies and MOD 76 Strengths of locally entered personnel, including 2.5 43 owned Trading Funds by UK country at 1 April 2004 Gurkhas, by Global location at 1 April each year 2.37 Number of civilian personnel by disability status and 77 Personnel in UK Defence Agencies by broad category 2.6 44 Paid Grade, April 2004 at 1 April 2003 2.38 Age profile of civilian personnel by whether industrial 78 UK Armed Forces or non-industrial and sex as at 1 April 2004 2.7 Strengths of UK Regular Forces by service and 45 2.39 Number of War Pensions in payment by type of 79 whether trained or untrained at 1 April each year payment, at 31 March each year Chart to table 2.7 46 Charts to table 2.39 80 Note on age analysis of the Armed Forces 46 3 CONTENTS

International 4.6 Damage rates per ten thousand flying hours by aircraft 109 2.40 Manpower holdings and ceilings by members of the 81 role and type Conventional Forces in Europe Treaty at 1 January 4.7 Aircraft losses and aircrew casualties during military 110 2003 operations 3 Formations, vessels, aircraft and vehicles of the 5 Search and Rescue Armed Forces Introduction 111 Introduction 82 5.1 Military Search and Rescue incidents, callouts and 113 Formations people moved:1983 - 2003 3.1 Number of vessels in the Royal Navy and Royal Fleet 84 5.2 Callouts and people moved by UK Military Search and 114 Auxiliary and Squadrons in the Fleet Air Arm at 1 April Rescue units: 1983 - 2003 each year 5.3 Callouts and people moved by UK Military Search and 115 3.2 Number of Regiments and Battalions in the Regular 85 Rescue units by type of assistance: 1983 - 2003 and Territorial Army at 1 April each year 5.4 Callouts and people moved by UK Military Search and 116 3.3 Number of squadrons in the Royal Air Force and the 86 Rescue units in each region: 1983 - 2003 Royal Auxiliary Air Force at 1 April each year 5.5 Map of UK Military Search and Rescue callouts: 2003 117 3.4 Number of Regiments and Squadrons in selected 87 6 Land holdings and buildings Joint Units at 1 April each year Introduction 118 Vessels 6.1 Land holdings by parent service area and whether 120 3.5 Numbers of Royal Navy and Royal Fleet Auxiliary 88 owned leased or with legal rights at 1 April each year ships and submarines that were operational or 6.2 Land holdings by country and whether owned leased 121 undergoing refit by class and base port at April 2003 or with legal rights at 1 April each year 3.6 Number of militarily useful British-registered and 89 6.3 Land holdings by type of use and whether owned, 122 passenger dry cargo merchant vessels by principal leased or with legal rights at 1 April each year categories and sizes at 31 December each year Charts to tables 6.1, 6.2 and 6.3 123 3.7 Number of militarily useful British-registered merchant 90 6.4 Service family accommodation in the United Kingdom 124 tankers, specialist and fishing vessels by principal at 1 April each year in thousands of dwellings categories and sizes at 31 December each year 6.5 Surveyed condition of Service family accommodation 125 Aircraft in Great Britain at March each year 3.8 Naval aircraft establishment by type of aircraft at April 91 7 Northern Ireland and Military Aid to the Community each year Introduction 126 3.9 Front-line aircraft establishment by type in the Royal 92 7.1 Number of Army units and personnel deployed in 127 Air Force at 1 April each year Northern Ireland at 1 April and numbers of personnel 3.10 Front-line aircraft establishment by type of aircraft in 93 deaths and injuries each year the Joint Helicopter Command and Joint Force Harrier 7.2 Number of Service personnel committed to, and 128 at 1 April each year deployed in, Northern Ireland at January, April, July 3.11 Army equipment holdings by HQ Land in the UK and 94 and October Germany within the scope of the CFE Treaty at 1 7.3 Number of Service personnel deaths and injuries, 129 January each year persons charged with terrorist offences, and the CFE Vehicles and Aircraft weight of explosives and numbers of weapons and Notes on the Conventional Forces in Europe (CFE) 95 ammunition found in Northern Ireland each year Treaty 7.4 Number of Army personnel deployed to Northern 130 3.12 Tanks and Artillery Holdings in the UK, Germany 98 Ireland and numbers of Service personnel deaths and and Cyprus within the scope of the CFE Treaty at injuries since 1969 1 January each year 7.5 Number of vessels boarded by Royal Navy Fishery 131 3.13 Armoured Combat Vehicle Holdings in the UK, 99 Protection Squadron within British fishing limits and Germany and Cyprus within the scope of the CFE convictions arising from these boardings each year Treaty at 1 January each year 7.6 Military Aid to the Civil Community and other 132 3.14 Aircraft Holdings in the UK, Germany and Cyprus 100 Government Departments – examples of when and within the scope of the CFE Treaty at 1 January each where service assistance was provided year 3.15 Declared Tanks, Armoured Combat Vehicles and 101 Glossary and abbreviations 133 Artillery Holdings and Ceilings by Country within the Bibliography 142 scope of the CFE Treaty a1 1 January 2003 Useful web sites 143 3.16 Declared Attack Helicopters and Combat Aircraft 102 holdings and Ceilings by country within the scope of the CFE Treaty at 1 January 2003 4 Aircraft Losses, Casualties and Flying Hours Introduction 103 4.1 Number of helicopters and fixed wing aircraft that 104 were lost or badly damaged in air accidents, by service each year 4.2 Number of deaths and major injuries by service 105 caused by aircraft air accidents each year 4.3 Aircraft air accidents and associated deaths and major 106 injuries by type of aircraft in 2002 and 2003 4.4 Aircraft lost or badly damaged in air accidents by 107 aircraft role and type 4.5 Thousand flying hours by aircraft role and type 108

4 INTRODUCTION

Welcome to the 2004 edition of UK Defence Statistics, the annual statistical compendium of the Ministry of Defence.

Continuing the implementation of the National Statistics Quality Review of the publication and in consultation with a number of customers, we have made further changes to this year’s edition, as well as continuing with a number of other improvements which should result in further changes in future years. The recently completed National Statistics Quality Reviews of Finance and Economic statistics and Logistics statistics will also inform future developments. Changes we have introduced this year include:

• Chapter 1: analysis of expenditure by industry group under Resource Accounting and Budgeting • Chapter 2: new tables for MOD civilians on disability, sub-UK analysis of Defence Agencies, age analysis • Chapter 4: a new table on aircraft ﬂying hours and re-ordering of other tables • Chapter 5: redesign of tables and longer time series

Although UK Defence Statistics is a National Statistics publication, some tables within it are not National Statistics. They have been included because they nevertheless provide useful contextual or indicative data. There are two groups of tables involved: those provided by organisations other than the UK Government, such as NATO and the International Institute for Strategic Studies, and those from ofﬁcial sources that do not meet all the quality standards for National Statistics. The tables affected are clearly marked and have further explanatory notes where necessary.

The UKDS web site has been re-developed and simpliﬁed. Any revisions or updates will be published ﬁrst on the web version of UKDS – only in the case of a major revision will paper versions be issued. DASA also publishes a number of monthly and quarterly statistical bulletins and these are available on our web site or from the DASA contact points listed below.

We hope you like the changes and, if you have any comments, please let us know - our contact details are set out below.

Editorial team: Darren Barton, Nick Bennett, Jason Bradbury, Julia Edwards, Trevor Floyd, Mark Gardner, Liz Gouldson, Tim Knight, Alex Maund, Jason Stone and Zoe Townsend-Brown September 2004

Defence Analytical Services Agency Tel: 020 7807 8792 3-K-15 Fax: 020 7218 0969 Main Building Whitehall Email: please go to “Contact Us” on the web site London SW1A 2HB Web site: http://www.dasa.mod.uk

The main contact points within the Defence Analytical Services Agency are:

Naval Service Manpower 023 9272 2726 Pay and Pensions 020 7218 2284 Army Manpower 01980 615645 Surveys 020 7218 3216 RAF Manpower 01452 712612 x-7063 Projects 01225 467419 Civilian Manpower 020 7218 6019 Development Services 020 7218 0100 Tri-Service Manpower 020 7218 4535 Corporate Systems 01225 468675 Economic Statistics 01179 134585 Corporate Business Management 01225 468488 Logistics 01225 468701 Publications, including web site 020 7807 8772 Health statistics 01225 468008

5 SYMBOLS AND CONVENTIONS

Symbols

} categories merged for some years || discontinuity in time series ~ fewer than ﬁve * not applicable .. not available p provisional r revised - Zero or rounded to zero

Italic ﬁgures are used for percentages and other rates, except where otherwise indicated.

Rounding

Where rounding has been used, totals and sub-totals have been rounded separately and so may not appear to be the sums of their parts. This also applies to Civilian personnel data expressed in terms of Full-Time Equivalents (FTE).

When rounding to the nearest 10, numbers ending in “5” have been rounded to the nearest multiple of 20 to prevent systematic bias.

Abbreviations

See Glossary.

6 CHAPTER 1 - FINANCE

INTRODUCTION

This Chapter provides details of the Department’s budget. It also gives information on the impact of defence spending on the wider economy and international comparisons. UKDS 2004 can be found at the DASA MOD website address http://www.dasa.mod.uk/natstats/ukds/2004/ukds.html 7 In addition this Chapter can be found in html format at: http://www.dasa.mod.uk/natstats/stats/ukds/2004/chap1.html

A pdf version of Chapter 1 is also available from: http://www.dasa.mod.uk/natstats/stats/ukds/2004/pdf/chap1.pdf

Other related sources on the strategy and performance of the Department include:

• The Government’s Expenditure Plans 2004/2005 – 2006/2007 (Cm 6212, July 2004)

• The Ministry of Defence's Annual Report & Accounts 2002-03 (HC1125, October 2003)

• HMT Public Expenditure Statistical Analyses 2004 (Cm 6201, April 2004)

Some of these documents and other background information can be found at the MOD website, http://www.mod.uk

Where possible, every attempt has been made to maintain the consistency of this publication with those above. Where differences do occur, this reﬂects differences in coverage and/or the availability of more up to date information.

There are ﬁve main sections within this Chapter covering:

• Departmental Resources – Defence Expenditure/Budget, Comparison with other areas of Government function, Breakdown of the Defence Budget, Resources by Budgetary areas, MOD Resources by Departmental Aims & Objectives, Departmental Fixed Assets and Expenditure on Research & Development.

• Industry & Employment – MOD spending with UK industry; employment dependent on defence expenditure and exports, MOD payments on Private Finance Initiatives (PFI) Projects during 2003/04.

• Trade – Imports, Exports, and Balance of Payments for Trade in Services.

• Defence Contracts – by type, major equipment projects and main suppliers.

• International Defence – the cost of conﬂict prevention, NATO countries’ defence expenditure and % of their GDP.

Main Findings

The main ﬁndings from Chapter 1 are:

Departmental Resources

• In 2003/04, the provisional outturn against the Departmental Expenditure Limits was £37.2 billion. The Resource DEL accounted for £31.3 billion of the 2003/04 expenditure, whilst the Capital DEL accounted for £5.9 billion. The large increase in the Resource DEL for 2003/04 largely reﬂects the move of depreciation and the cost of capital charge from Annually Managed Expenditure (AME).

• In 2003/04 Defence is estimated to be the fourth highest area of Government expenditure behind Social Protection, Health and Education.

• In 2003/04, the main areas of Resource expenditure were personnel (£10.4 billion) and depreciation/impairment (£6.3 billion).

• In 2003/04, the main area of Capital expenditure was Assets Under Construction (£3.9 billion). CHAPTER 1 - FINANCE

INTRODUCTION

• The total value of MOD Fixed Assets was £86.3 billion as at 31st March 2003.

• The largest category of assets is Fighting Equipment (£26.5 billion). 8 • In 2002/03, MOD net expenditure on R&D activity totalled £2.7 billion, comprising £0.5 billion on Research and £2.2 billion on Development.

Industry & Employment

• In 2002/03, the MOD spent some £13.8 billion with UK Industry. The ‘manufacturing’ industries (section D) attracted some 55% of MOD expenditure with UK Industry. The industry group attracting most MOD expenditure was Aircraft and Spacecraft (around 17% of the total).

• Estimated employment in UK industry and commerce dependent on MOD expenditure and defence exports has been fairly steady in recent years (ﬂuctuating between 295 and 305 thousand since 1999/2000).

Trade

• Total estimated UK deliveries of defence exports increased slightly between 2002 and 2003 (to £4.2 billion in 2003). Within this there was an increase in the volume of defence goods exports identiﬁed by HM Customs & Excise (up to £992 million from £942 million in 2002). Over the years 2002 and 2003, there was a marked increase (by more than 25%) in the export of Military Aircraft and Parts but it was still less than in 2000 and 2001.

• The UK identiﬁed export orders ﬁgure fell back slightly between 2002 and 2003 to just under £4.9 billion.

Contracts

• In 2003/04 MOD HQ placed nearly 37,000 contracts with an aggregate value of around £13.1 billion. The number of contracts placed has decreased (by nearly a quarter) between 2002/03 and 2003/04 whilst the value has increased by £292 million (2.3%) over the same period. It should be noted, however, that not all contract payments are made during the year in which the contract is placed.

International Defence

• In 2003/04, the MOD spent around £1.7 billion on conﬂict prevention worldwide.

• Estimated Total Defence Expenditure for NATO countries in 2003 was US$523 billion. The North America total was US$332 billion whilst the balance was US$191 billion. CHAPTER 1 - FINANCE

RESOURCE ACCOUNTING & BUDGETING

Cash to Resource Accounting & Budgeting (RAB)

Up until ﬁnancial year 1998/99, Government expenditure was accounted for on a cash basis. For the years 1999/00 and 2000/01 there was a transitional period from Cash to Resource Accounting & Budgeting (RAB), whereby 9 Government Departments continued to be controlled on a cash basis, but were required to produce consolidated resource accounts. Since 2001/02 Government expenditure has been accounted for on a resource basis only. The main difference arising from the adoption of RAB is that costs are accounted for as they are incurred, rather than when payment is made (the principle of accruals). This gives rise to timing differences in accounting between the cash and RAB systems and also to the recognition of depreciation. Additionally, under RAB, departments are required to account for a cost of capital charge, equivalent to an interest charge on the capital (in the form of net assets) held on the Balance Sheet.

The change from cash based accounting to resource (accruals) based accounting, and the two stage introduction of RAB (outlined below) has affected the time series comparability of the data.

Please refer to the “Resource Accounting & Budgeting” section in UKDS 2002 Chapter 1 for a summary of the key events leading to the introduction of RAB.

Managing Resources

Under Resource Accounting and Budgeting, Government Departments are accountable for their spending against Resource and Capital Departmental Expenditure Limits (DELs). Spending against the Resource DEL covers current items such as in-year personnel costs, equipment/stock consumption, maintenance of land and buildings etc. The Capital budget, whilst part of the overall DEL, reﬂects investment spending that will appear on the Department’s balance sheet and be consumed over a number of years. Departments are also responsible for Annually Managed Expenditure (AME). This spending is demand led (for example, payment of War Pensions) and therefore cannot be controlled by Departments in the same way.

Stage 1 of RAB covered the ﬁnancial years 2001/02 and 2002/03. Unlike cash, costs were accrued as they were incurred, rather than when payment was made. For 2001/02 and 2002/03 the Resource DEL did not include the non-cash costs associated with Resource Accounting, such as depreciation and the cost of capital charge. During the Stage 1 period these non-cash costs fell within Annually Managed Expenditure (AME) and were not controlled to the same degree as DELs. This arrangement was applied in Stage 1 only and allowed Departments an interim period to gain experience of managing the new non-cash costs and to reconsider their holdings of stocks and ﬁxed assets, which impact the non-cash costs, prior to the charge impacting on the more tightly controlled DELs.

Stage 2 of RAB began at the start of the ﬁnancial year 2003/04. This involved the movement of the primary non-cash costs (depreciation and the cost of capital charge) from AME into the Resource DEL.

The change in deﬁnition of the DELs combined with volatile non-cash costs over the Stage 1 period make time series comparisons over the period 2001/02 - 2003/04 complex.

Factors affecting Cash to RAB data consistency

• There are timing differences as to when payments are recognised.

• The movement of Non-Cash items of expenditure from AME into the Resource DEL from 2003/04 onwards has the apparent effect of inﬂating the Resource DEL.

• In ﬁnancial year 2003/04 the rate of interest used to calculate the cost of capital charge was reduced from 6% to 3.5%. CHAPTER 1 - FINANCE

DEPARTMENTAL RESOURCES

This section examines changes in the defence budget over time (Table 1.1) and compares this with functional spending in other areas of Government (Table 1.2). Table 1.3 gives a breakdown of the defence budget by main area. Table 1.4 presents the MOD resources broken down by budgetary area. Table 1.5 is included to show the 10 resources consumed against departmental objectives. Following the introduction of RAB, tables 1.1, 1.3 and 1.4 display the Resource, Capital and AME components separately. Table 1.6 details the MOD Fixed Assets broken down by budgetary area. Table 1.7 details the MOD’s annual expenditure on R&D. This is broken down into intramural (within the department) and extramural (outside of the department) expenditure and how the money is spent.

Main Findings

Defence Budget

Comparison with other areas of Government by function

• In 2003/04 Defence is estimated to be the fourth highest area of Government expenditure behind Social Protection, Health and Education.

• Social Protection, Health, Education, Defence and Public Order and Safety represent approximately 75% of Total Expenditure on Services.

Principal Headings of Defence Budget (Resources)

• In 2003/04, the main areas of Resource expenditure were personnel (£10.4 billion) and depreciation/impairment (£6.3 billion).

• In 2003/04, the main area of Capital expenditure was Assets Under Construction (£3.9 billion).

• Between 2002/03 and 2003/04 expenditure on service personnel has increased by £595 million and expenditure on civilian personnel has decreased by £129 million.

MOD Budget by Budgetary Area

• There are changes in the distribution of resources by Top Level Budget (TLB) between 2002/03 and 2003/04. This is due to the transfer of depreciation and the cost of capital charge from the AME into the DEL.

• The largest planned budgets (in 04/05) are for the Chief of Defence Logistics (£9.0 billion) and the Defence Procurement Agency (£7.1 billion).

• Of the operational TLBs, Commander-in-Chief Land Command has the highest planned budget (£5.7 billion) in 2004/05.

Departmental Aims and Objectives

• The expenditure on Operations has more than doubled between 2001/02 and 2002/03 (£0.5 billion to £1,1 billion).

• Naval Service expenditure within Objective 2, (“Being ready to respond to the tasks that might arise”), has increased markedly more than that for Army and Royal Air Force (by 51%, 7% and 14% respectively). CHAPTER 1 - FINANCE

DEPARTMENTAL RESOURCES

Fixed Assets

• The total value of MOD Fixed Assets was £86.3 billion as at 31 March 2003. 11 • The largest category of assets is Fighting Equipment (£26.5 billion) as at 31 March 2003.

• The value of land and buildings owned by the MOD totalled over £15 billion as at 31 March 2003.

• Commander-in-Chief Land Command held 37% of the MOD’s land and buildings as at 31 March 2003.

• The Defence Procurement Agency was responsible for nearly a quarter of the Department's assets as at 31 March 2003. The Chief of Defence Logistics was responsible for a further 21%.

Research & Development

• In 2002/03, MOD net expenditure on R&D activity totalled £2.7 billion, comprising £0.5 billion on Research and £2.2 billion on Development.

• Of this £2.7 billion, around 9% was spent on R&D work carried out within the Department (intramurally) whilst 91% was spent on work undertaken outside of the Department (extramurally).

• The marked shift from intramural to extramural expenditure starting in 2001/02 is a result of the disestablishment of the Defence Evaluation and Research Agency on 1st July 2001. The effect of this shift has continued into 2002/03. CHAPTER 1 - FINANCE

DEPARTMENTAL RESOURCES

Table 1.1 Defence Expenditure/Budget

This table shows the changes in the Defence budget over time, including the period of transition to Stage 1 and 2 of Resource Accounting 12 & Budgeting (see page 9). 2001/02 was the ﬁrst year of resource accounting. Under Stage 1 RAB, non-cash costs such as depreciation and cost of capital charge were held under AME, and did not form part of the Resource Departmental Expenditure Limit (DEL). This changed under Stage 2 RAB when non-cash costs moved to the Resource DEL. In order to give a single measure of spending on public services under full resource budgeting, the Defence Spending line is presented as the resource and capital budgets together, net of depreciation and impairments. This reﬂects the resources required plus the net investment in them, but avoids double counting the writing down of the existing capital stock and the cash outlay on new assets. Control is exercised separately on gross Capital and Resource DEL.

The Net Cash Requirement (NCR) is the actual money that MOD requests from the Government in order to fund its activities. The NCR takes account of movements in working capital levels (debtors, creditors, stock) whilst excluding all non-cash costs.

This table includes expenditure on Conﬂict Prevention.

RAB Cash RAB Stage 1 Stage 2 ------> ------> ------> Inclusive of non-recoverable VAT at current prices (£ million)

1990/91 1995/96 1996/97 1997/98 1998/99 1999/00 2000/01 2001/02 2002/03 2003/04 2004/05 Provisional Outturn Outturn Outturn Plans Defence Spending1 * * * * * * * || * * || 30 916 29 868

Departmental Expenditure Limits2 * * * * * 22 572 23 552 || 24 439 26 144 || 37 229 37 917

Resource DEL3 * * * * * .. .. || 18 521 19 958 || 31 321 31 590

of which: Depreciation * * * * * * * || * * || 6 313 8 049 Cost of Capital Charge * * * * * * * || * * || 2 770 2 894

Capital DEL4 * * * * * .. .. || 5 918 6 185 || 5 908 6 327

Annually Managed Expenditure5 6 * * * * * .. .. || 14 962 19 293 || 3 237 978

Cash 22 207 21 517 22 077 20 945 22 482 22 572 23 552 || * * || * * Net Cash Requirement7 * * * * * .. .. || 26 100r 26 991 || 29 338 28 560 Source: MOD Directorate of Resources & Plans 1. Also referred to as Total DEL, Defence Spending in 2003/04 and 2004/05 is the sum of the Resource DEL (less depreciation & impairments), plus the Capital DEL. This is a definition broadly consistent with the MOD Government Expenditure Plans. 2. Departmental Expenditure Limits replaced Control Totals from 1999/00. 3. Resource DEL includes operating cost items such as pay, equipment support costs, fuel and administrative expenditure. From 2003/04 it also includes non-cash items such as depreciation and the cost of capital charge on the Department’s net assets plus stock and fixed asset write offs. This has resulted in a greatly increased Resource DEL from that financial year. In 2001/02 and 2002/03 non-cash items were treated as Annually Managed Expenditure. 4. Capital DEL includes Departmental expenditure on the purchase of fixed assets (ships, tanks, planes, buildings etc). 5. The 2002/03 Annually Managed Expenditure figure includes a supplementary estimate for asset revaluation. 6. From 2003/04 Annually Managed Expenditure includes only demand led items such as war pensions. 7. From 2002/03 the Net Cash Requirement figure also includes war pensions. CHAPTER 1 - FINANCE

DEPARTMENTAL RESOURCES

Table 1.2 Total Expenditure on Services by Government Function1

This table (taken from Public Expenditure Statistical Analyses (PESA) Cm 6201, table 3.2 and table 3.4 produced by HMT) examines the expenditure on defence within the wider public expenditure framework. The categories of expenditure are based on the UN Classiﬁcation 13 of the Functions of Government and the key concept to understand is Total Expenditure on Services (TES). This is the spending aggregate that is allocated to functions and includes most expenditure by the public sector that is in Total Managed Expenditure (TME). Total Managed Expenditure is a deﬁnition of aggregate public spending derived from National Accounts. It is the consolidated sum of current and capital expenditure of central and local government and of public corporations.

TME is also the sum of the Departmental Expenditure Limits and certain parts of Annually Managed Expenditure derived from National Accounts.

VAT Inclusive at current prices (£ billion) 1997/98 1998/99 1999/00 2000/01 2001/02 2002/03 2003/04 Outturn Estimate Total Expenditure on Services 322.7r 332.7r 343.6 367.1r 390.5r 418.9 459.0

Of which Social Protection 113.6r 114.4r 122.0r 127.4r 136.0r 143.8 152.4 Health 44.4r 47.0r 49.6r 54.3r 59.9 66.3 75.6 Education 37.4 38.8r 40.8r 44.4r 49.7r 53.8 59.5 Defence2,3 20.9 23.7r 24.1r 24.9 24.6r 26.1 28.0 Public Order and Safety 17.0 17.9r 18.4 20.4r 23.0r 24.9 27.7

Percentage of Gross Domestic Product 1997/98 1998/99 1999/00 2000/01 2001/02 2002/03 2003/04 Outturn Estimate Total Expenditure on Services as % GDP 39.2r 38.3r 37.4 38.1 38.9r 39.7 41.2

Of which Social Protection 13.8r 13.2r 13.3r 13.2r 13.5r 13.6 13.7 Health 5.4r 5.4r 5.4r 5.6 6.0 6.3 6.8 Education 4.5 4.5 4.4r 4.6 4.9 5.1 5.3 Defence2,3 2.5 2.7r 2.6r 2.6 2.4 2.5 2.5 Public Order and Safety 2.1 2.1r 2.0 2.1 2.3 2.4 2.5 Source: HMT Public Expenditure Statistical Analyses Cm 6201 (Table 3.2, Table 3.4) 2004-05

1. Includes allowance for shortfall and departmental unallocated provision 2. The TES figure for Defence is not the same as the defence spending figures (Departmental Expenditure Limits) shown in tables 1.1, 1.3, 1.4 & 1.5. The TES figure is an aggregate definition drawn from National Accounts. 3. The Defence outturn figures for 1997/98 include receipts from the sale of Ministry of Defence married quarters. CHAPTER 1 - FINANCE

DEPARTMENTAL RESOURCES

Table 1.3 Principal Headings of Defence Budget (Resource basis)

This table provides a breakdown of defence outturn in terms of resources consumed. This is distributed between the main personnel, ﬁxed 14 assets and other expenditure groups. These groupings differ from those used under the old method of cash accounting and are not directly comparable. Reported outturns for 2001/02 and 2002/03 represent actual expenditure against Departmental Expenditure Limits (DELs) rather than the planned expenditure for those years. This table includes expenditure on conﬂict prevention.

RAB Stage 1 RAB Stage 2 ------> ------> Inclusive of non-recoverable VAT at current prices (£ million) Outturn Outturn Provisional Outturn Plans 2001/02 2002/03 2003/04 2004/05 Defence Spending * * || 30 916 29 868 Departmental Expenditure Limits 24 439 26 144 || 37 229 37 917 Resource DEL 18 521 19 958 || 31 321 31 590 of which: Expenditure on Personnel 9 456r 9 969 || 10 435 10 567 of which: for Armed Forces 7 014r 7 385 || 7 980 7 865 for Civilians 2 442r 2 584 || 2 455 2 702 Depreciation/Impairments * * || 6 313 8 049 Cost of Capital charge * * || 2 770 2 894 Equipment Support1 2 419 3 135 || 3 804 3 596 Stock Consumption2 1 294 1 222 || 1 060 1 409 Property Management3 1 222 1 453 || 1 393 1 445 Movements4 718 505 || 491 412 Accommodation & Utilities5 572 544 || 643 673 Professional Fees6 559 468 || 549 544 Fuel7 160 185 || 161 159 Other 2 121r 2 477 || 3 701 1 843 Capital DEL 5 918 6 185 || 5 908 6 327 of which: Expenditure on Fixed Asset Categories8 Intangible Assets9 1 031 1 756 || 1 662 1 641 Land and Buildings - 163 - 185 || - 211 232 Fighting Equipment10 34 320 || -77 5 Plant, Machinery & Vehicles 99 132 || 61 84 IT & Communications Equipment 84 94 || 37 86 Assets Under Construction11 4 479 3 601 || 3 854 3 757 Capital Spares12 353 467 || 581 522

AME 14 962 19 293 || 3 237 978 of which: War Pensions 1 238 1 166 || 1 116 1 151 Other13 13 724 18 127 || 2 121 - 173 Source: MOD Directorate of Resources & Plans 1. Internal and contracted out costs for equipment repair and maintenance. 2. Consumption of armament, medical, dental, veterinary, oil, clothing and general stores. 3. Estate and facilities management services and costs for buildings’ maintenance. 4. Cost of transportation of freight and personnel. 5. Charges include rent, rates, gas, electricity, water and sewerage costs. 6. Fees paid to professional organisations such as legal costs. 7. Relates to fuel consumption by military vehicles, ships and aircraft. 8. Figures are net of receipts from disposal of assets. 9. Intangible Assets comprise the development costs of major equipment projects and Intellectual Property Rights. 10. In 2004/05 there is a forecasted drop in Fighting Equipment spend due to a large disposal receipt. 11. Assets Under Construction (AUC) largely consist of major weapons platforms under construction in the Defence Procurement Agency (there is a smaller element of Buildings under construction). Once construction is complete, those platforms will be transferred to the relevant Top Level Budget holder as Fighting Equipment. 12. Capital Spares are items of repairable material used to replace parts of assets undergoing repair, refurbishment, maintenance, servicing, modiﬁcation, enhancement or conversion, for example, aircraft engines. 13. This category shows the net movements on, cash release and cost of capital credit on nuclear provisions and also QinetiQ loan repayments. In addition, for 2001/02 and 2002/03 this category includes depreciation and the cost of capital charge. The 2002/03 ﬁgure includes a supplementary estimate for additional funding to cover the asset write-offs in this year. CHAPTER 1 - FINANCE

DEPARTMENTAL RESOURCES

Table 1.4 MOD Resources by Budgetary Areas1

This table provides a detailed breakdown of resource consumption (actual, estimated and planned) by budgetary area for 2001/02 through to 2004/2005. Under Spending Review 2002 rules, figures for financial years 2003/04 and 2004/05 include non-cash items such as 15 depreciation and cost of capital charge that previously were part of Annually Managed Expenditure (AME). This will make comparisons difficult between the years 2001/02, 2002/03 and 2003/04 onwards. This table includes expenditure on Conflict Prevention.

Figures for Conflict Prevention fluctuate significantly in-year due to changes in demand for military involvement in these form of activities. For planning years MOD will be asking HM Treasury for funding once accurate costs are established.

RAB Stage 1 RAB Stage 2 ------> ------> Inclusive of non-recoverable VAT at current prices (£ million) Provisional Outturn Outturn Outturn Plans 2001/02 2002/03 2003/04 2004/05 Departmental Expenditure Limits (DEL) 24 439 26 144 || 37 229 37 917 Request for Resources 1: PROVISION OF DEFENCE CAPABILITY 23 888 24 814 || 35 732 37 867 Resource DEL 18 026 18 947 || 30 084 31 540 of which: Commander-in-Chief Fleet 1 211 1 238 || 3 241 3 739 General Officer Commanding (Northern Ireland) 494 509 || 649 650 Commander-in-Chief Land Command 3 546 3 747 || 5 079 5 562 Air Officer Commanding-in-Chief RAF Strike Command 1 791 1 819 || 3 385 4 148 Chief of Joint Operations 338 372 || 515 480 Chief Defence Logistics 4 164 4 394 || 7 859 7 834 2nd Sea Lord/Commander-in-Chief Naval Home Command 615 622 || 693 673 Adjutant General (Personnel and Training Command) 1 398 1 414 || 1 718 1 740 Air Officer Commanding-in-Chief RAF Personnel and Training Command 757 814 || 995 976 Central 2 111r 2 221 || 2 648 2 954 Defence Procurement Agency 1 154 1 365 || 2 883 2 293 Corporate Science and Technology2 446r 430 || 420 491 Capital DEL 5 862 5 867 || 5 648 6 327 of which: Commander-in-Chief Fleet 16 16 || 37 23 General Officer Commanding (Northern Ireland) 23 108 || 43 25 Commander-in-Chief Land Command 61 30 || 21 112 Air Officer Commanding-in-Chief RAF Strike Command 79 69 || 40 35 Chief of Joint Operations 26 28 || 22 20 Chief Defence Logistics 1 295 1 223 || 1 210 1 160 2nd Sea Lord/Commander-in-Chief Naval Home Command 11 16 || 28 15 Adjutant General (Personnel and Training Command) 29 24 || 29 10 Air Officer Commanding-in-Chief RAF Personnel and Training Command 17 15 || 18 17 Central - 43 - 44 || - 96 56 Defence Procurement Agency 4 348 4 381 || 4 296 4 855 Corporate Science and Technology2 - - || - - Requests for Resources 2: CONFLICT PREVENTION 551 1 330 || 1 497 50 (not broken down by Top Level Budget) Resource DEL 495 1 011 || 1 237 50 Capital DEL 56 319 || 260 - Annually Managed Expenditure (AME) 14 962 19 293 || 3 237 978 Request for Resources 1: PROVISION OF DEFENCE CAPABILITY3 13 689 18 009 || 2 121 -173 Commander-in-Chief Fleet 2 404 3 359 || 75 - General Officer Commanding (Northern Ireland) 121 186 || - - Commander-in-Chief Land Command 1 347 1 480 || - - Air Officer Commanding-in-Chief RAF Strike Command 2 334 2 725 || - - Chief of Joint Operations 123 135 || 3 - 3 Chief Defence Logistics 4 824 6 187 || 112 - 27 2nd Sea Lord/Commander-in-Chief Naval Home Command 65 102 || - - Adjutant General (Personnel and Training Command) 288 276 || - - Air Officer Commanding-in-Chief RAF Personnel and Training Command 170 242 || - - Central 462r 377 || - 5 - 1 Defence Procurement Agency 1 554 2 943 || 1 937 - 142 Corporate Science and Technology2 - 2r - 3 || - - Requests for Resources 2: CONFLICT PREVENTION 35 119 || - - Requests for Resources 3: WAR PENSIONS & ALLOWANCES, etc 1 238 1 165 || 1 116 1 151 Source: MOD Directorate of Resources & Plans 1. Full TLB definitions are available in the Glossary at the back of this publication. 2. With effect from 1 April 2004 a new TLB ‘Corporate Science and Technology’ was formed. This was the result of the integration of the existing Major Customers’ Research Budget and the Chief Scientific Adviser’s Higher Level Budget which previously formed part of Central TLB. The figures for 2001/02 to 2003/04 for the TLBs concerned have been restated for this change to allow for direct comparison across the profile. 3. AME in 2003/04 includes accounting charges relating to nuclear decommissioning, loan interest and cost of capital charges for self financing public corporations. The negative AME figures arise from the cash release from the nuclear decommissioning provision and the cost of capital charge calculated on a net balance sheet liability (as opposed to net assets). CHAPTER 1 - FINANCE

DEPARTMENTAL RESOURCES

Table 1.5 MOD Resources by Departmental Aims and Objectives

The MOD’s aim is to “deliver security for the people of the United Kingdom and the Overseas Territories by defending them, including 16 against terrorism, and act as a force for good by strengthening international peace and security”. This aim and three supporting objectives are set out in the MOD’s Public Service Agreement for the years 2003-2006. The costs of meeting these objectives, and their enabling outputs set out below, are reported in the MOD Annual Report and Accounts. The outputs are deﬁned more fully in the Notes to the Accounts. Figures are net of receipts and are not comparable with those presented in tables 1.1, 1.3 and 1.4, for example, due to the treatment of MOD Trading Funds. The Total Defence Output Cost is consistent with the net operating cost ﬁgure in Schedule 5 of the MOD Annual Report & Accounts 2002/03.

Inclusive of non-recoverable VAT at current prices (£ million) Outturn Outturn 2001/02 2002/03 Total Defence Output Cost 32 239 40 595

OBJECTIVE 1: Achieving success in the tasks we undertake 2 621 3 475

Operations 530 1 117 Other military tasks 1 499 1 606 Contributing to the community 394 506 Helping to build a safer world 198 246 OBJECTIVE 2: Being ready to respond to the tasks that might arise1 26 584 33 694 Naval Service 8 179 12 348 Aircraft Carriers 325 416 Frigates & Destroyers 1 726 3 029 Smaller Warships 345 487 Amphibious Ships 289 430 Strategic sealift 49 15 Fleet support ships 382 461 Survey & Other Vessels 205 223 Naval Aircraft 1 135 1 221 Submarines 3 279 5 589 Royal Marines 444 477 Army 9 602 10 229 Field Unit 7 031 7 382 Other Units 2 571 2 847 Royal Air Force 8 050 9 179 Strike/attack and offensive support aircraft 3 432 3 138 Defensive and surveillance aircraft 1 620 2 723 Reconnaissance and maritime patrol aircraft 924 711 Tankers, transport and communications aircraft 1 042 1 211 Future capability 142 306 Other aircraft and RAF units 890 1 090 Centre Grouping 753 1 938 Joint and multinational operations 350 573 Centrally managed military support 403 469 Maintenance of war reserve stocks * 896 OBJECTIVE 3: Building for the future 3 033 3 426 Research & Expensed Development 1 000 972 Equipment Programme 2 033 2 454 MOD Annual Report and Accounts 2002-03 1. The costs of delivering the military capability to meet Objective 2 are analysed among force elements of the front line commands, including joint force units where these have been established, and a small number of centrally managed military support activities. In addition to the direct operating costs of the front line units, they include the attributed costs of logistical and personnel support. In common with all Objectives, these also contain a share of the costs of advising ministers and accountability to Parliament, and apportioned overheads for head ofﬁce functions and centrally provided services. CHAPTER 1 - FINANCE

DEPARTMENTAL RESOURCES

Table 1.6 MOD Fixed Assets: 20031 This table gives a detailed breakdown of the value of the MOD’s Fixed Assets by category and budgetary area. The MOD is one of the largest owners of fixed assets in the United Kingdom. The stewardship and efficient management of the Department’s assets are the 17 responsibility of Top Level Budget (TLB) Holders. MOD Fixed Assets, which are uplifted annually using indexation, are formally revalued on a five-yearly basis.

The values contained in the table are as at 31 March 2003. The valuation method complies with ﬁnancial reporting standards with values being on an existing use basis and not market value at disposal. Overseas estate for which the Crown hold no legal title, but which is used for garrison and training purposes by British Forces, is included in the MOD Fixed Assets Register. UK bases occupied by visiting forces are also included.

Tangible Fixed Assets (£ million)

Plant IT & Land & Machinery Comms Fighting Capital Intangible Invest- Total Buildings & Vehicles Equipment Equipment Spares AUC3 Assets ments Assets

Top Level Budget2 Total 15 342 4 296 814 26 527 6 955 12 511 19 438 430 86 313

C-in-C Fleet 414 289 37 10 731 - 27 4 630 - 16 128

General Ofﬁcer Commanding (Northern Ireland) 727 27 11 183 - 11 44 - 1 003

C-in-C Land Command 5 641 92 41 5 841 41 42 1 450 - 13 148

Air Ofﬁcer C-in-C RAF Strike Command 1 337 416 97 6 015 - 50 2 580 - 10 495

Chief of Joint Operations 814 66 92 72 - 24 10 - 1 078

Chief Defence Logistics 2 139 827 322 2 764 6 905 3 060 1 613 189 17 819

2nd Sea Lord/C-in-C Naval Home Command 390 138 8 7 - 8 13 - 564

Adjutant General (Personnel & Training Command) 1 144 40 26 857 - 12 137 - 2 216

Air Ofﬁcer C-in-C RAF Personnel & Training Command 625 426 34 11 - 15 25 - 1 136

Central 1 511 47 113 44 1 56 20 241 2 033

Defence Procurement Agency 600 1 928 34 2 7 9 205 8 917 - 20 693

Source: MOD Directorate of Defence Resources and Plans 1. Figures provided as at 31 March 2003 taken from MOD Fixed Assets Register. 2. C-in-C refers to “Commander in Chief”, apart from the two RAF TLBs where C-in-C stands for “Commanding-in-Chief”. 3. AUC refers to Assets Under Construction. This was previously known as Assets in the Course of Construction (ACOC). CHAPTER 1 - FINANCE

DEPARTMENTAL RESOURCES

Table 1.7 MOD Research & Development expenditure outturn

18 This table details the MOD’s annual expenditure on Research and Development (R&D) activity. Expenditure is broken down into intramural (i.e. R&D activity undertaken within the department) and extramural (i.e. R&D activity undertaken outside of the department). The data included in this table are derived from an annual survey of MOD R&D expenditure conducted by DASA and information from MOD accounting systems. DASA seek to classify R&D activity within the Organisation for Economic Co-operation & Development Frascati Guidelines. Following a National Statistics Quality Review conducted during 2002/03, the MOD’s R&D statistics were revised for the years 1996/97 to 2000/01. These changes are described in Defence Statistics Bulletin No. 6. Changes made before this date are outlined in Defence Statistics Bulletin Nos.1 & 2, and are described in previous editions of UK Defence Statistics. The marked shift from intramural to extramural expenditure in 2001/02 is a result of the disestablishment of the Defence Evaluation and Research Agency on 1st July 2001.

Inclusive of non-recoverable VAT at current prices (£ million) Research & Development 1990/91 1995/96 1997/98 1998/99 1999/00 2000/011 2001/022 2002/034 Total gross expenditure on R&D 2 453 || 2 169 || 2 371 2 240 2 350 || 2 321 || 2 117 2 790 Of which: Intramural 902 || 746 || 750 801 798 || 932 || 419 288 Extramural 1 551 || 1 423 || 1 622 1 438 1 551 || 1 389 || 1 698 2 502 Receipts3 116 || 99|| 57 100 77 || 81 || 60 56 Of which used: Intramurally 53 || 88 || 39 49 43 || 45 || 44 46 Extramurally 63 || 11 || 18 51 34 || 36 || 16 10 Total Net expenditure on R&D 2 337 || 2 070 || 2 314 2 140 2 272 || 2 240 || 2 057 2 734 Inclusive of non-recoverable VAT at current prices (£ million) Research 1990/91 1995/96 1997/98 1998/99 1999/00 2000/01 2001/02 2002/03 Total gross expenditure on Research . . || . . || 577 578 566 || 612 || 616 524 Of which: . . . . Intramural . . || . . || 325 328r 328r || 400 || 229 145 Extramural . . || . . || 251 249 238 || 212 || 388 379

Receipts3 . . || . .|| 13 18 14 || 45 || 60 9 Of which used: Intramurally . . || . . || 12 18 14 || 45 || 44 9 Extramurally . . || . . || 2 - - || - || 16 - Total Net expenditure on Research 412 || 676 || 564 560 552 || 566 || 557 515 Inclusive of non-recoverable VAT at current prices (£ million) Development 1990/91 1995/96 1997/98 1998/99 1999/00 2000/01 2001/02 2002/03 Total gross expenditure on Development . . || . . || 1 794 1 662 1 784 || 1 709 || 1 500 2 266 Of which: Intramural . . || . . || 424 473r 471 || 532r || 190 143 Extramural . . || . . || 1 370 1 189 1 314 || 1 177 || 1 311 2 123

Receipts3 . . || . .|| 44 81 63 || 36 || - 48 Of which used: Intramurally . . || . . || 28 30 29 || - || - 38 Extramurally . . || . . || 16 51 34 || 36 || - 10 Total Net expenditure on Development 1 926 || 1 394 || 1 750 1 581 1 721 || 1 673 || 1 500 2 218 Source: DASA (Economic Statistics) 1. From 2000/01 the Departmental Resource Accounts (DRAc) follow Statement of Standard Accounting Practice 13, “Accounting for Research and Development.” From 2000/01 the ﬁgures are calculated on a resource basis, and are consistent with the aggregate of Research & Expensed Development plus Additions to Intangible Assets. This table therefore comprises elements from both the Operating Cost Statement and the Balance Sheet in the Departmental Resource Accounts. 2. On 1st July 2001 DERA was split into two organisations: the Defence science & technology laboratory (Dstl) (about a quarter of DERA) staying as a Trading Fund within MOD, and QinetiQ, the remainder, becoming a private (extramural) company. 3. Receipts are monies received by MOD and its Trading Funds for expenditure on R&D, for example from other government departments and private industry. This money is not necessarily spent on defence-related R&D. 4. Total gross expenditure on R&D has increased compared with last year, and development expenditure has increased relative to research expenditure. This is due to changes in expenditure by the Defence Procurement Agency. CHAPTER 1 - FINANCE

INDUSTRY & EMPLOYMENT

This section provides data on the impact of MOD’s spending on equipment and services in the UK. Table 1.8 details the estimated amount of money that the MOD spent with UK industry broken down by industrial group from the cash accounts. Following further analysis, the numbers have been revised from earlier years. Table 1.8a provides data against slightly different industry groupings. These numbers have been derived from administrative systems which 19 use Resource Account Codes. The industrial groupings are based on the UK Standard Industrial Classiﬁcation (SIC) 1992 maintained by the Ofﬁce for National Statistics (ONS). Table 1.9 provides estimates of UK employment dependent on MOD expenditure and defence exports. Table 1.10 details MOD’s payments on PFI projects.

Main Findings

Expenditure by Industry Group

• In 2002/03, the MOD spent some £13.8 billion with UK industry. The ‘manufacturing’ industries (section D) attracted some 55% of MOD expenditure with UK industry. The industry group attracting most MOD expenditure was Aircraft and Spacecraft (around 17% of the total).

Defence Related Employment

• Estimated employment in UK industry dependent on MOD expenditure and defence exports has been fairly steady in recent years (ﬂuctuating between 295 and 305 thousand since 1999/2000).

MOD PFI Projects

• The identiﬁed PFI projects against which the highest payments were made in 2003/04 were Armed Forces Personnel Administration Agency (AFPAA), Army Training Estate Strategic Partnering - Project VANGUARD, Attack Helicopter Training Service, Defence Fixed Telecommunications Service (DFTS) and the Tri-Service White Fleet. CHAPTER 1 - FINANCE

INDUSTRY & EMPLOYMENT

Table 1.8 Defence expenditure outturn in the UK: Breakdown by industry group 20 This table, which has been prepared from the MOD’s Cash Ledger, details the amount of money the MOD spent with UK industry broken down by industry group. Figures therefore exclude ‘internal’ MOD expenditure such as pay and allowances. Industrial groupings are derived from the Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) guidelines maintained by the Office for National Statistics. From 1996/97 onwards, figures are based on Standard Industrial Classification 1992 - SIC(92). Prior to this figures are based on SIC(80). The creation of QinetiQ plc from part of the MOD’s Defence Evaluation and Research Agency (DERA) in July 2001 provides a discontinuity in 2001/02 compared to earlier years. The figures have been rounded to the nearest £10M. Differences between the totals and sums of the components are caused by this rounding.

VAT exclusive at current prices (£ million) SIC(92) Group 1990/91 1995/96 1997/98 1998/99 1999/00 2000/01 2001/02 Total 8 870 10 030 || 11 200 12 170 11 480 12 060 || 12 760r Solid Fuels 10 10 10 || - - - - || - Petroleum products 23.2 390 290 || 300r 230 240 340 || 370 Gas, electricity and water supply 40-41 250 230 || 270 260 250 230 || 210 Metals 27,28 * 80 || 140r 180r 200r 200r || 180r Chemicals 24 * 60 || 40r 50r 40r 60r || 60r Other mechanical and marine engineering 29.1-29.5 800 240 || 370r 270r 220r 210r || 220r Weapons and Ammunition 29.6 750 400 || 750r 880r 830r 790r || 690r Data processing equipment 30 280 640 || 80r 180r 120r 140r || 180r Other electrical engineering 31 170 270 || 180r 250r 210r 190r || 180r Electronics and Precision Instruments 32,33 1 810 1 090 || 1320r 1400r 950r 1 000r || 1 110r Motor vehicles and parts 34, 35.2, 35.4, 35.5 320 480 || 280r 390r 330r 180r || 170r Shipbuilding and repairing 35.1 780 770 || 790r 1 180r 1 090r 1 100r || 1 230r Aircraft and Spacecraft 35.3 2 130 2 060 || 2 360r 2 220r 2 240r 2 390r || 2 540r Food 15 160 120 || 110 120 120 120 || 140 Textiles, leather goods and clothing 17,18,19 140 110 || 130r 130r 140 120r || 120 Ofﬁce furniture 36.1 * 70 || 110r 60 60 60 || 70r Stationery 21,22 * 120 || 30 40r 30 40 || 40r Construction 45 * 1 280 || 1 060 1 070r 1 040r 1 070r || 1 100r Postage 64.1 * 10 || 20 20 40 40 || 40 Telecommunications 64.2 * 120 || 180r 290r 260r 210r || 320r Other production industries1 nes 370 270 || 900r 1 080r 1 140r 1 440r || 1 520r Other industries and services2 nes 510 1 300 || 1 770r 1 860r 1 940r 2 140r || 2 280r Source DASA(Economic Statistics) 1. This category includes expenditure on equipment in other manufacturing industries, as well as the business and administration, education and training, and operational support sectors. 2. This category includes expenditure on services in the business and administration, education and training, and operational support sectors. It also includes expenditure on road and rail transport and freight. CHAPTER 1 - FINANCE

INDUSTRY & EMPLOYMENT

Table 1.8a Estimated Defence expenditure outturn in the UK: breakdown by industry group This table, which has been prepared from MOD administrative systems introduced under Resource Accounting and Budgeting, estimates 21 the amount of money the MOD spends directly with UK industry broken down by industrial group. The RAB breakdowns do not permit the analysis that was undertaken previously. The break in series has, however, permitted the table to show all the sections of the economy that are represented in the Standard Industrial Classification (SIC). Figures exclude ‘internal’ MOD expenditure such as pay and allowances. Industrial groupings are based on the SIC 1992 guidelines maintained by the Office for National Statistics. The figures have been rounded to the nearest £10M. Differences between the totals and sums of the components are caused by this rounding.

VAT exclusive at current prices (£ million) SIC(92) Section 2002/03

Total 13 810

A, B, C Agriculture, ﬁshing and mining -

D Manufacturing, excluding those industries itemised below 1 470

29.6 Weapons and ammunition 790 30 Data processing equipment 170 31 Other electrical engineering 170 32 Electronics 640 33 Precision Instruments 810 34, 35.2, 35.4, 35.5 Motor vehicles and parts 130 35.1 Shipbuilding and repairing 1 070 35.3 Aircraft and spacecraft 2 380

E Electricity, gas and water 190

F Construction 990

G Wholesale, retail and repair of motor vehicles 170

H, I Hotels, restaurants & transportation, excluding the industry itemised below 780

64.2 Telecommunications 320

J, K, L, M, N, O, P Financial services, business activities, education, health and other 2 150 service activities excluding those industries itemised below 1, 2

70, 71 Real estate and renting 950 72 Computer services 640

Source: DASA (Economic Statistics)

1. Includes MOD payments to AWE Management Ltd, who manage the Atomic Weapons Establishment on behalf of the MOD under a Government owned/contractor-operated arrangement. 2. The quality of data available for the service industries is insufﬁcient to identify these SICs separately. CHAPTER 1 - FINANCE

INDUSTRY & EMPLOYMENT

Table 1.9 Estimated UK employment dependent on MOD expenditure and defence exports 22 This table provides estimates of the number of full-time jobs supported in the UK by MOD expenditure and defence exports. The methodology is described in Defence Statistics Bulletin No.5, available on the DASA web site. “Direct” employment is that generated in those companies providing the product or service directly to MOD, or that within the exporter. “Indirect” employment is that provided through “the supply chain” by sub-contractors or suppliers to the “direct” contractor. The ﬁgures exclude MOD service and civilian personnel, and are shown rounded to the nearest ﬁve thousand. Differences between the totals and sums of the components are caused by this rounding.

From 2002/03 the numbers have been calculated using expenditure data derived from the MOD administrative systems that were introduced with Resource Accounting and Budgeting. The resulting changes to the methodology will be described in a future Defence Statistics Bulletin.

Thousands 1990/91 1995/96 1997/98 1998/99 1999/00 2000/01 2001/023 2002/03 Total employment1 555 410 || 340 355r 300 300 || 295 || 305 Direct 295 205 || 160 175 150 155 || 155 || 165 Indirect 260 205 || 180 180r 150r 145 || 140 || 140 Employment from MOD expenditure 405 265 || 230 245r 225 230 || 235 || 245 Direct 220 135 || 115 125 120 125 || 125 || 135 Indirect 185 130 || 115 120r 105 105 || 110 || 110

Split by: Equipment expenditure Direct 140 85 || 70r 75 65 70 || 75r || 85 Indirect 130 90 || 75 75 65 65 || 65r || 75

Non-equipment expenditure Direct 80 55 || 50 50 50 55 || 55 || 50 Indirect 60 40 || 45 40 40 40 || 40 || 35 Employment from defence exports1 2 150 145 || 110 110 75 70 || 60r || 60 Direct 75 70 || 45 50 35 30 || 30 || 30 Indirect 75 75 || 65 60 40 35 || 30 || 30 Source: DASA (Economic Statistics) 1. The estimates of UK employment dependent on defence exports are based on estimates of those exports which are not of sufficient quality to be badged as National Statistics. 2. Figures calculated for “exports” are not derived directly from the financial figures for exports contained in Table 1.12. Adjustments are made for international collaborations, electronics and vehicle exports. Please refer to Defence Statistics Bulletin No.5 for further discussion. In aggregate the adjustments to the total export figures were £114 million in 1997, £859 million in 1998, £499 million in 1999, £49 million in 2000, -£143 million in 2001 and £74 million in 2002. 3. In July 2001, part of the Defence Evaluation & Research Agency (DERA) was established as QinetiQ plc. These employees are now included in the “direct” employment total. CHAPTER 1 - FINANCE

INDUSTRY & EMPLOYMENT Table 1.10 MOD Payments on Private Finance Initiative (PFI) Projects: 2003/041 This table provides a listing of PFI commitments and payments made to each project in-year by MOD during the ﬁnancial year 2003/04. It 23 is based on the ‘signed’ projects from the PFI Project database on the MOD website (http://www.mod.uk/business/ppp/database.htm) as at April 2004 and payments data drawn from the Defence Bills Agency. This table is split into payment groups and individual PFI projects are shown in alphabetical order.

Over £50 million (5 Projects) Armed Forces Personnel Administration Agency (AFPAA) Defence Fixed Telecommunications Service (DFTS) Army Training Estate Strategic Partnering - Project Tri-Service White Fleet2 VANGUARD Attack Helicopter Training Service

£25 - £50 million (5 Projects) Defence Helicopter Flying School Medium Support Helicopter Aircrew Training Facility (MSHATF) Joint Services Command and Staff College (JSCSC) Roll-On/ Roll-Off (RORO) Strategic Sealift Main Building Redevelopment (MBR)

Up to £25 million (36 Projects) Army Foundation College (AFC) Light Aircraft Flying Training (LAFT) Army Germany White Fleet Lynx Mk 7/9 Aircrew Training Service (LATS) Bristol, Bath and Portsmouth Family Quarters Marine Support to Range and Aircrew Training Colchester Garrison Material Handling Equipment (MHE) Service - “Follow on” Commercial Satellite Communications Service - Inmarsat MOD Wide Water and Wastewater (Project Aquatrine) Defence Animal Centre (DAC) Provision of Storage Service Defence Electronic Commerce Service (DECS) RAF Cosford / RAF Shawbury Family Quarters Defence HF Communication Service (DHFCS) RAF Fylingdales Power Station Defence Housing Executive Information Systems (DOMIS) RAF Lossiemouth Family Quarters Defence Sixth Form College (DSFC) RAF Lyneham Sewage Treatment E3D Simulator RAF Mail Electronic Messaging Service (EMS formerly known as Royal Navy Fleet Communications Service Armymail) Field Electrical Power Supplies (FEPS) Skynet 5 Fire Fighting Training Units (FFTU) Tornado GR4 Synthetic Training Services Training Administration and Financial Management Information Flight Simulation and Synthetic Trainers (FIASTS) System (TAFMIS) Hawk Synthetic Training Service Tri-Service Materials Handling Service Hazardous Stores Information System (HSIS) Wattisham & Woodbridge Married Quarters Heavy Equipment Transporters (HET) Yeovilton Family Quarters Source: MOD Directorate for Broadening Smart Acquisition & DASA(Economic Statistics) 1. Data are not available for ‘Tidworth Water & Sewerage’ project. 2. RAF White Fleet project absorbed into the Tri-Service White Fleet Project. 3. There were no payments in 2003/2004 for projects ‘Central Scotland Family Quarters’, ‘Astute Class Training Service’, ‘Material Handling Equipment (MHE) “Pathﬁnder”’ and ‘Records Storage and Management - Hayes PPP Project’. CHAPTER 1 - FINANCE

TRADE

This section contains information on defence trade. This includes the estimated value of exports and imports of defence equipment, estimates of total export deliveries and orders of defence equipment and services, and payments made for services consumed by MOD establishments overseas. Table 1.11 presents the estimated value of defence 24 equipment imports and exports split by commodity type and origin/destination. Table 1.12 estimates total export deliveries and orders of defence equipment and services. Table 1.13 presents the estimated value of MOD Balance of Payments for Trade in Services.

The estimate of total export deliveries is made up of ‘identiﬁed deliveries’ of defence equipment and ‘estimates of additional aerospace equipment services’. Data on exports are provided by HM Customs & Excise with supplementary data from the Society of British Aerospace Companies (SBAC). Information on export orders are supplied by the Defence Export Services Organisation (DESO). Customs and Excise provide information on deliveries of military or ‘other than civil’ goods which cross the UK borders. All equipment exports that are reported to UK customs are classiﬁed with tariff codes and it is these that we use to determine defence exports. Aerospace exports represent over 80% of all defence exports, SBAC data covers sales by UK aerospace companies to foreign civil customers and foreign military aerospace industries and military end-users. DESO collects data on defence export contracts and they relate to orders placed. These data are collected for the DESO publication ‘The World Defence Export Market’ compiled via a quarterly survey with known UK defence contractors.

MOD Trade in Services are provisions of services between UK residents and non-residents (e.g. training, cleaning services, IT support etc), and transactions in goods which are not freighted out of the country in which they take place. They are published in the Ofﬁce for National Statistics publications - ‘First Release’ and ‘The Pink Book’.

More information outlining the methodology behind these tables can be found in Defence Statistics Bulletin No 4 and in the National Statistics Quality Review, detailing Trade Statistics and MOD Balance of Payments Statistics, respectively.

Imports of Defence Equipment

HM Customs & Excise have reviewed their methodology used to compile data relating to identified imports of defence equipment. For 2003, a significant drop has resulted. These figures have been marked ‘provisional’ and are to be subject to further review shortly. Any revisions that result from this review will be posted on the web version of UK Defence Statistics, available at www.dasa.mod.uk

Main Findings

Exports of Defence equipment and services

• Total estimated UK deliveries of exports increased slightly between 2002 and 2003 (to £4.2 billion in 2003). Within this there was an increase in the volume of defence goods exports identified by HM Customs & Excise (up to £992 million from £942 million in 2002). Over the year 2002-2003, there was a marked increase (by more than 25%) in the export of Military Aircraft and Parts. • The UK identified export orders figure fell back slightly between 2002 and 2003 to just under £4.9 billion.

Balance of Payments: Trade in Services

• In 2003, the MOD's estimated balance of payments for Trade in Services was around £2.0 billion in deﬁcit made up of £2.4 billion debits and £390 million receipts. CHAPTER 1 - FINANCE

TRADE

Table 1.11 Estimated imports & exports of defence equipment (Goods)

This table presents data on the value of defence equipment imports and exports. This information is broken down by commodity grouping and broad geographic region. Data are based on HM Customs & Excise information relating to defence equipment reported to UK 25 customs. Defence equipment is identified by an agreed set of tariff codes intended to capture movements of military equipment. Over the period covered by the tables, changes have been made to the list of ‘identified’ defence equipment by, for example, the removal of two HM Customs codes for aerospace from 1997. Further details are given in Defence Statistics Bulletin No.4 and in the National Statistics Quality Review on Trade Statistics. For 2003, please refer to note on page 21 relating to identified imports data.

The data in this table are outside the scope of National Statistics because they do not meet all of the high professional quality assurance standards set out in the National Statistics Code of Practice.

Current Prices (£ million) 1985 1990 1995 1997 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 Identiﬁed imports 246 || 627 || 1 433 1 288 1 447 1 660 1 804 1 645|| 712p Split by commodity: Armoured ﬁghting vehicles and parts 10 12 83 42 41 24 21 22|| 19p Military aircraft and parts 18 316 || 1 137 1 038 1 065 1 363 1 609 1 292|| 440p Warships - - - 1 - - - - - Guns, small arms and parts 40 36 71 46 24 28 22 52|| 55p Guided weapons, missiles and parts 119 || 190 134 113 240 142 138 217|| 163p Ammunition 35 27 5 9 7 12 1 9|| 17p Radio and radar apparatus 11r 32 || ...... || .. Optical equipment and training simulators 13 15 || 3 38 70 91 13 53|| 19p

Split by origin: NATO countries and other Europe 220 471 1 162 1 087 1 097 1 383 1 718 1 371|| 566p Asia and Far East 16 12 102 93 106 108 1 104|| 84p Latin America and Caribbean - - 3 6 14 8 2 20|| 7p Others 10 145 166 101 230 161 83 150|| 55p

Identiﬁed exports 813 || 1 980 || 2 076 3 359 980 1 721 1 533 942 992 Split by commodity:

Armoured ﬁghting vehicles and parts 127 70 458 201 68 80 54 77 63 Military aircraft and parts 174 || 1 206 || 1 181 2 296 399 1 183 1 207 584 734 Warships 4 3 169 256 199 - 1 - - Guns, small arms and parts 155 65 63 95 50 36 75 53 48 Guided weapons, missiles and parts 55 || 143 133 427 248 394 175 193 121 Ammunition 85 315 46 20 14 26 9 19 5 Radio and radar apparatus 128 123 || ...... Optical equipment and training simulators 85 54 || 27 64 4 2 12 16 21

Split by destination:

NATO countries and other Europe 247 396 617 1 034 337 593 969 609 467 Asia and Far East 73 295 441 204 390 593 196 136 273 Latin America and Caribbean 54 46 69 132 19 26 19 5 26 Middle East and North Africa 284 1 207 912 1 985 229 504 320 185 221 Other Africa 155 36 36 3 5 6 28 8 6 Source: HM Customs & Excise CHAPTER 1 - FINANCE

TRADE

Table 1.12 Estimates of total export deliveries & orders: defence equipment and services 26 This table provides an estimate of total defence export activity relating to the UK. It uses data on additional aerospace equipment and services from a survey undertaken by the Society of British Aerospace Companies. Aerospace services include training, consultancy and project support related to the export activity. The second part of the table provides data on identiﬁed export orders of defence equipment and services. This illustrates the relationship between export orders and actual export deliveries.

Current Prices (£ million)

1985 1990 1995 1997 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 Estimated total export deliveries: Equipment & 1 753 || 4 467 || 4 723 6 684 4 250 4 406 4 216 4 120r 4 248 Services Of which:

Identiﬁed defence equipment exports 813 || 1 980 || 2 076 3 359 980 1 721 1 533 942 992

Estimates of additional aerospace equipment 940 || 2 487 || 2 647 3 325 3 270 2 685 2 683 3 178 3 256 and services Source: HM Customs & Excise & Society of British Aerospace Companies (SBAC)

1985 1990 1995 1997 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 Identiﬁed export orders for defence equipment and 2 688 4 735 4 970 5 540 5 044 4 737 4 160 5 041 4 882 services1

Split by equipment type:

Air sector 1 125 3 106 3 456 3 193 3 385 3 501 3 245 3 553 3 526 Land sector 1 104 1 159 535 656 360 616 341 509 303 Sea sector 225 304 71 368 148 475 50 464 252 Not speciﬁed 234 166 908 1 323 1 151 145 524 515 801 Source: HM Customs & Excise (HMC&E) and Society of British Aerospace Companies (SBAC)

1. Figures for export orders are taken from the Defence Export Services Organisation’s survey of known Defence Contractors. CHAPTER 1 - FINANCE

TRADE

Table 1.13 Ministry of Defence Estimated Balance of Payments for Trade in Services Balance of Payments is a measure of the UK’s trading account with the rest of the world. Trade in Services are provisions of services 27 between UK residents and non-residents (e.g. training, cleaning services, IT support etc), and transactions in goods which are not freighted out of the country in which they take place; these transactions are not recorded in the ofﬁcial ‘Trade in Goods’ statistics. More details are available in Defence Statistics Bulletin No 4 or in the National Statistics Quality Review report on Balance of Payments: Trade in Services.

Current prices (£ million) 1990 1995 1997 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 Net Balance -2 037 || -1 691 -1 394 -1 958 -1 602r -1 604 -1 500r -2 021

Total Debits1 2 541 || 2 057 1 600 2 157 1 840r 1 836 1 764r 2 411 Expenditure 2 Germany 1 373 || 1 038 848 1 258 709 1 035 799 974 Other identiﬁed NATO countries 572 || 684 406 670 862 492 731 1 139 Mediterranean 169 || 135 158 130 130 148 156 173 Far East 112 || 6 21 - - - - - Other areas 316 || 194 167 99 139r 160 78r 125

Total Credits 504 || 366 206 198 238r 232 264 390 Receipts 3 Receipts from US Forces in UK 153 || 136 110 137 144 144 154 142 Other receipts4 351 || 230 96 61 94r 88 110 || 248 Source: DASA (Economic Statistics) 1. The increase in ‘Total Debits’ in 2003 is largely attributable to increased spending on services as a result of military activity in Iraq. 2. Based on drawings of foreign exchange. 3. A mix of export sales and receipts from other Government and International Organisations for services provided overseas and to overseas forces based in the UK. 4. The increase in ‘Other Receipts’ in 2003 is due to the improvement in the methodology used to identify receipts data. CHAPTER 1 - FINANCE

DEFENCE CONTRACTS

This section presents an analysis of contracts placed, major equipment projects and payments made by the MOD. Table 1.14 shows the number and value of contracts placed by type during 2003/04 and earlier years. Table 1.15 presents more information on the MOD’s major equipment projects and seeks to show a comparison of costs between 28 the Major Projects Report 2003 (MPR2003) and the Major Projects Report 2002 (MPR2002). Table 1.16 provides a list, by broad-banded value, of organisations paid £5 million or more during 2002/03. These data are based on information from the Defence Bills Agency (DBA) who are responsible for setting up and paying the majority of the MOD contracts issued each year.

Information on Major Equipment Projects comes from the “Major Projects Report”, this details the largest post Main-Gate Approval Projects along with the largest pre Main-Gate Approval Projects. The full report provides a summary of each project’s current status and progress to date. It also provides comparisons on current forecast costs and in-service dates. Smart Procurement stresses the importance of allocating appropriate resources in the early stages to reduce risk and increase conﬁdence before the main investment decision is made. This is known as the Smart Procurement Acquisition Cycle. Under Resource Accounting and Budgeting all costs are at estimated outturn prices and include ‘new’ types of cost such as the cost of capital charge.

Main Findings

Contracts by Type

• In 2003/04 MOD HQ placed nearly 37,000 contracts with a collective value of around £13.1 billion. The number of contracts placed has decreased (by nearly a quarter) between 2002/03 and 2003/04 whilst their value has increased by £292 million (2.3%) over the same period. It should be noted, however, that not all contract payments are made during the year in which the contract is placed. • Around 80%, by value, of MOD HQ contracts were contracts priced by competition.

Major Equipment Projects

• The largest post Main-Gate equipment project by value is the Typhoon aircraft (£19.7 billion). This is followed by the Type 45 Destroyer (£5.5 billion). CHAPTER 1 - FINANCE

DEFENCE CONTRACTS Table 1.14 Contracts placed: by type

This table provides an analysis of MOD new contracts and value of amendments to existing contracts broken down by contract type. It includes contracts set up for payment through the Defence Bills Agency (DBA) who are the agency responsible for the payment of the 29 majority of MOD contracts.

Current Prices (£ million)/Percentage 1990/91 1997/98 1998/99 1999/00 2000/01 2001/02 2002/03 2003/04

Total value of MOD HQ contracts placed 7 000 8 073 8 788 9 395 10 053 13 136 12 815 13 107

Percentage of total value: Contracts priced by competition 44 67 61 61 56 61 60 70 Contracts priced otherwise by reference to market forces1 19 8 7 10 9 8 8 9 Contracts priced on estimates at outset or as soon as possible thereafter2 23 20 30 23 21 29 22 18 Contracts priced on actual costs with incentives to minimise cost2 13 1 1 5 14 2 10 3 Contracts priced on actual costs plus a % fee2 1 4 1 1 - - - - Number/Percentage

Total number of MOD HQ contracts placed 3 99 000 91 481 69 144 58 973 54 269 47 892 45 569 36 610

Percentage of total number: Contracts priced by competition 17 47 37 37 36 35 34 37 Contracts priced otherwise by reference to market forces1 68 37 47 46 47 48 37 4 41 Contracts priced on estimates at outset or as soon as possible thereafter2 13 15 16 17 17 17 28 4 21 Contracts priced on actual costs with incentives to minimise costs2 1 - - - - - 1 1 Contracts priced on actual costs plus a % fee2 1 1 ------Source: MOD Commercial Services Group 1. Includes the use of informal competitive tendering procedures and commercial price lists. 2. Priced by reference to the Government profit formula. 3. Includes amendments, which had financial implications for existing contracts. 4. The variations between 2001/02 and 2002/03 in number of contracts placed both by “reference to Market Forces” and “priced on estimates at outset” are due to a combination of increased requirements for Operation Telic and an internal reclassification of contracts in both of these categories. Value of Contracts placed by type

100 100 Other Actual costs plus a % fee Competition 80 80

60 60

% %

40 40

20 20

0 0 1987/88 1989/90 1991/92 1993/94 1995/96 1997/98 1999/00 2001/02 2003/04 Year CHAPTER 1 - FINANCE

DEFENCE CONTRACTS Table 1.15 Major equipment projects

This table shows the MOD’s major equipment projects as at 31 March 2003. It details the 20 largest projects on which the main investment 30 decision has been taken (post Main-Gate) and the 10 largest projects yet to reach that point (pre Main-Gate). The information is taken from the Major Projects Report, relating to 31 March 2003 which provides a summary of each project’s current status and progress to date. There is also a comparison of costs between MPR2003 and MPR2002. Costs are on a resource basis at outturn prices. Forecast costs include accruals, VAT (less recoverable elements), resource elements such as interest on Capital and inﬂation factors. Pre 1999 ﬁgures have been uplifted to 99/00 prices. Major Project Report costs relating to the pre-Main Gate projects are costs of the Assessment phase only. For post Main-Gate projects, costs are of the Demonstration and Manufacture phases.

Project Major The following diagram shows the CADMID cycle which is the basis for MOD Smart Initiation Project Procurement. The main investment decision is taken at Main-Gate, ie post assess- Approval Approval ment phase with the aim of ensuring there is a high level of conﬁdence in achieving (Initial Gate) (Main-Gate) time, cost and performance targets. Further information is contained in the Major Projects report.

Concept Assessment Demonstration Manufacture In-Service Disposal

As at 31 March 2003 MPR2003 Change in Cost Post Main-Gate Major Equipment Projects In-Service date Financial Years of Peak (£Million) from (Projects in Demonstration and Manufacture Phase only) Forecast or Actual Expenditure1 Cost (£Million) MPR20026 A400M 20112 2009 & 2010 2 484 128 Air Launched Anti-Armour Weapon (AAAW) 20043 2003 & 2004 988 126 Airborne Stand-Off Radar (ASTOR) 2005 2001 & 2002 1 002 - 11 Astute Class Submarine 20094 2001 & 2003 3 710 1 003 Attack Helicopter - WAH-64 Apache 2001 2000 & 2001 3 168 33 Bowman 2004 2004 & 2005 2 023 Beyond Visual Range Air-To-Air Missile (BVRAAM) 2012 2009 & 2012 1 417 20 C17 (Formerly Short Term Strategic Airlift) 2001 2002 & 2003 775 4 Future Joint Combat Aircraft (FJCA) - 2006 & 2007 2 327 - 5 High Velocity Missile (HVM) 1997 1989 & 2001 904 - Landing Ship Dock (Auxiliary) 5 2004 2002 & 2003 *** *** Nimrod Maritime Reconnaissance and Attack Mk4 20094 2003 & 2004 3 376 538 Skynet 5 2005 2011 & 2012 2 679 Sonar 2087 2006 2003 & 2005 354 12 Sting Ray Lightweight Torpedo Life Extension and Capability Upgrade 2006 2005 & 2007 825 31 Successor Identification Friend Or Foe (SIFF) 2004 2002 & 2004 471 13 Support Vehicle 5 2007 2008 & 2009 *** Type 45 Destroyer 2007 2006 & 2007 5 546 124 Typhoon (Formerly Eurofighter) 20032 2003 & 2004 19 670 1 037 Typhoon Aircrew Synthetic Training Aids (ASTA) 2004 2002 & 2003 209 3 Source: Defence Procurement Agency As at 31 March 2003 Pre Main-Gate Major Equipment Projects MPR 2003 Change in (Projects in Assessment Phase only) Cost (£Million) from Forecast In-Service Date Cost (£Million) MPR2002 Battlefield Light Utility Helicopter (BLUH) 2007 42 Future Aircraft Carrier (CVF) 2012 143 14 Future Integrated Soldier Technology (FIST) 2009 26 Future Strategic Tanker Aircraft (FSTA) 2009 23 17 Ground Based Air Defence (GBAD) 2009 138 Guided Multiple Launch Rocket System (GMLRS) 2007 19 - Indirect Fire Precision Attack (IFPA) 2008 12 Light Forces Anti-Tank Guided Weapon System (LFATGWS) 2005 9 - Next Generation Anti-Armour Weapon (NLAW) 2006 17 - Terrier 2008 17 - 1. Financial Year commencing 1 April - not necessarily concurrent years. Source: Defence Procurement Agency 2. Project In-Service date has been put back 1 year: based on MPR2003, MPR2002 comparison. 3. Project In-Service date has been put back 2 years based on MPR2003, MPR2002 comparison. 4. Project In-Service date has been put back 4 years based on MPR2003, MPR2002 comparison. 5. Cost data excluded on grounds of commercial sensitivity. 6. Project costs relating to Air Launched Anti-Armour Weapon (AAAW), Attack Helicopter - WAH-64 Apache, Type 45 Destroyer and Sting Ray Lightweight Torpedo Life Extension and Capability Upgrade were restated following the publication of MPR 2002 as more detailed information became available. Consequently, the analysis of changes in project costs between MPR 2002 and MPR 2003 are based on these updated figures and not on those published in UK Defence Statistics 2003. CHAPTER 1 - FINANCE

DEFENCE CONTRACTS

Table 1.16 Organisations paid £5 million or more by the Ministry of Defence in 2003/04 This table shows a listing of the organisations, including defence suppliers and intermediate bodies paid through the Defence Bills Agency 31 (DBA). The term ‘defence suppliers’ includes defence contractors, Defence Agencies and other Government Departments. The DBA are responsible for the majority of such payments (around 95% by value) made by MOD. Other payments are made, for example, via British Defence Staff Washington and through local cash ofﬁces. The table is split into payment groups with the organisations shown in alphabetical order.

VAT inclusive at current prices (£ million) Over £500 million (4 Organisations) BAE Systems (Operations) Ltd NETMA QinetiQ Ltd BAE Systems Electronics Ltd £250 - £500 million (9 Organisations)

AWE Management Ltd Devonport Royal Dockyard Ltd Rolls Royce PLC British Telecommunications PLC General Dynamics United Kingdom Ltd Royal Ordnance PLC Defence Science & Technology Laboratory MBDA UK Ltd Westland Group PLC £100 - £250 million (21 Organisations)

ABRO (Army Base Repair Organisation) BFS Group Ltd IBM United Kingdom Holdings Ltd Alvis Vickers Ltd DARA Interserve (Defence) Ltd Alenia Marconi Systems Ltd EDS Defence Ltd John Mowlem & Co PLC Annington Receivables Ltd Europaams SAS Lex Defence Management Ltd Babcock Support Services Ltd Flagship Training Ltd Lockheed Martin Corp BAE Systems Marine Ltd Fleet Support Ltd Other UK Government Departments BAE Systems PLC Fujitsu Services Ltd Serco Group PLC £50 - £100 million (27 Organisations)

AugustaWestland International Ltd Landmarc Support Services Ltd Sodexho Defence Services Ltd AMEC PLC Mansell Construction Services Ltd Software Box Ltd Aviation Training International Ltd Marshall of Cambridge (Holdings) Ltd Steria Ltd Babcock Naval Services Ltd McDonnell Douglas Corporation Swan Hunter (Tyneside) Ltd British Airways PLC Meteorological Ofﬁce Thales Air Defence Ltd Civil Aviation Authority Modus Services PLC Thales Defence Ltd Cobham PLC Paradigm Services Ltd Thales Underwater Systems Ltd Cogent Defence and Security Networks Ltd Raytheon Company Ltd Turner & Co (Glasgow) Ltd Kellogg Brown & Root Ltd Reserve Forces and Cadets WS Atkins Ltd £25 - £50 million (36 Organisations) AWSR Shipping Ltd FBS Ltd Serco Denholm Ltd Aramark Ltd Goodrich Control Systems Ltd Services Sound and Vision Corporation BAE Systems (Defence Systems) Ltd HCR Ltd Thales Communications Ltd Balfour Beatty Group Ltd Insys Ltd Thales Optronics Ltd British Energy Generation Ltd Kier Group Ltd The Shell Transport & Trading Co PLC British Gas PLC M&S Shipping (International) Ltd UK Universities PLC CAE Aircrew Training Services Mowlem PLC Ultra Electronic Holdings PLC Cap Gemini Ernst & Young UK PLC National Savings Bank Fund VT Aerospace Ltd Carillon Construction Ltd NSSL Ltd Vosper Thornycroft Holdings Ltd Compass Group PLC Primary Management (Aldershot) Ltd VT Integrated Services Ltd Debut Services Ltd Rail Settlement Plan Ltd Defence Management (Watchﬁeld) Ltd Raytheon/Lockheed Martin Javelin Joint Venture Esso UK PLC Royal & Sun Alliance Insurance PLC £10 - £25 million (64 Organisations) A & P Tyne Ltd C. H. Pearce Construction Ltd Lockheed Martin UK Ltd Admiral PLC Claverham Ltd Logica CMG UK Ltd Aerosystems International Ltd David Brown Engineering Ltd Marconi Selenia Communications Ltd Air Partner PLC Defence Training Services Ltd McKinsey & Company Incorporated UK Akhter Group (Holdings) PLC Dell Computer Corporation Ltd McNicholas PLC Amey BPO Services Ltd EADS Defence Systems and Electronics (UK) Ltd Meggitt Holdings PLC Atos KPMG Consulting Ltd Farrans (Construction) Ltd Newarthill PLC Automotive Technik Ltd Finning (UK) Ltd Northwestern Shiprepairers & Shipbuilders Ltd AXA Corporate Solutions Services UK Ltd Fitzpatrick PLC NPower Ltd Barloworld Handling Ltd Haymills Holdings Ltd OFCOM BAX Global Ltd Heaton Holdings Ltd O’Rourke Civil Engineering Ltd Brama Brown & Root & Marshall Aerospace Ltd Jackson Construction Ltd Paradigm Secure Communication Ltd CHAPTER 1 - FINANCE

DEFENCE CONTRACTS

Table 1.16 Organisations paid £5 million or more by the Ministry of Defence in 2003/04 (Continued) VAT inclusive at current prices (£ million) 32 £10 - £25 million (64 Organisations) (Continued) Penman Engineering Ltd Siemens PLC Thales Training & Simulation (Merlin) Ltd Perkins Engines Company Ltd Silicon Valley Group PLC Thales Training & Simulation (ACE) Ltd Placeton Ltd Smiths Aerospace Ltd The Peninsular & Oriental Steam Navigation Co PriceWaterhouseCoopers Smiths Detection-Watford Ltd Unichem Ltd Product Procurement Services Ltd SSAFA Family Health Services Unisys Corporation Remploy Ltd Stewart Hughes Ltd United Tool Distributors Ltd RMPA Services Ltd Taylor Woodrow PLC Vega Group PLC Rockwell International Corporation Thales Avionics Ltd Vinters Engineering PLC Rokbuild Ltd Thales Naval Ltd VT Maritime Affairs Ltd William Cook Defence Ltd £5 to £10 million (132 Organisations) AEA Technology PLC Hewlett-Packard Company Racal Instruments Group Ltd Aker Kvaerner Engineering Services Ltd Honeywell Aerospace UK Raine Industries PLC Alstrom Power Conversion Ltd Hunt & Palmer PLC Receiver General of Canada Anglo Holt Construction Ltd ITT Corporation RFD Beaufort Ltd Annington Property Ltd Imes Ltd Richmondshire District Council Argyll & Bute Council Inframan Ltd Right Management Consultants Ltd Astron Document Services Ltd ISA Trading Ltd Rolls-Royce Marine Power Operations Ltd Avon Rubber PLC ISS Europe Ltd Rosyth Royal Dockyard Ltd AWG Construction Services Ltd J & S Franklin (Holding & Management Services) Ltd Royal Hospital BICC PLC J & S Marine Ltd Rubb Buildings Ltd BTR PLC James Fisher & Sons PLC S E Holdings Ltd Babcock Design & Technology Ltd Jersey European Airways (UK) Ltd SAAB Training Systems AB Babcock International Group PLC John Graham (Dromore) Ltd SAFT Ltd BAE Systems Defence Ltd Kelda Group PLC SCA UK Holdings Ltd Barclays Bank PLC Kidde Graviner Ltd Scott Technologies Health & Safety BBC Monitoring Kylmar (KMC) Ltd Scottish & Southern Energy PLC B-N Group Ltd LSC Group Ltd Seyntex NV British Maritime Technology Ltd Laing Ltd Shell UK Oil Products Ltd Bruhn Newtech Ltd Land Rover Sigma Aerospace Ltd Canon Incorporated Lex Multipart Ltd Skanska Construction UK Ltd Carillion Services Ltd Lincad Ltd Smit International (Scotland) CG Group London & Regional (St George’s Court) Ltd Sodhexo Ltd Chapman Freeborn Airchartering Ltd M P I Aviation Ltd South Gloucestershire Council Cobham Fluid Systems Ltd Man B&W Diesel Ltd South Tees Hospital NHS Trust Cubic Defense Applications Incorporated Marconi Selenia Secure Systems Ltd Stasys Ltd Drumgrange Ltd Marine Engineering and Fabrication Ltd Synstar Computer Services (UK) E2V Technologies Ltd Martin-Baker Aircraft Company Ltd Systems Consultants Services Ltd EADS Astrium Ltd McApline Business Services Ltd Thales Training and Simulation Ltd Edlaw Ltd MS International PLC The BOC Group PLC Elliot Sargeant Ltd Muirhead Aerospace Ltd The British Petroleum Company PLC EMCOR Facilities Services Ltd NATO Shape The Maersk Company Ltd Enersys Ltd National Loans Fund The Moray Council English Welsh + Scottish Railway Ltd NP Aerospace Ltd The Weir Group PLC Eurenco Ltd NSAF Ltd Trant Construction Ltd Fasttrax Ltd Oracle Systems Corp Tricomm Housing Ltd FB Heliservices Ltd PA Holdings Ltd Turner Virr & Co Ltd FBM Babcock Marine Ltd Pains Wessex Ltd Veritair Ltd Firearms Training Systems Ltd Pall Corporation Virgin Voyager Ltd Frimley Park Hospital NHS Trust Palletways (UK) Ltd VT Halmatic Ltd G3 Systems Ltd Pearldeck Ltd VT Merlin Communications Ltd GEC Alsthom Ltd Peter Wildwood West Berkshire District Council Golley Slater & Partners Ltd Portsmouth Aviation Ltd White Young Green PLC Goodrich Corporation Portsmouth City Council Whitemountain (Surfacing) Ltd Hays PLC PW Defence Ltd Wood Group Component Repair Ltd Source: Defence Bills Agency CHAPTER 1 - FINANCE

INTERNATIONAL DEFENCE

This section presents information on MOD’s commitment to Conﬂict Prevention and contextual information on NATO countries’ defence expenditure. Table 1.17 presents the estimated costs incurred by MOD in respect of conﬂict prevention during 2003-04. Table 1.18 details the defence expenditure in local currency for each of the NATO countries. Table 1.19 presents the defence expenditure as a percentage of GDP for each of the NATO countries. 33 Sources of International Defence data

International Defence statistics are available in a variety of publications and on a substantial number of websites. A selection of sources which may prove useful in making these sorts of comparisons are listed in the Bibliography and Useful Websites sections. The Defence Analytical Services Agency (DASA) has no control over the quality, reliability and coverage of data contained within these sources and does not endorse any speciﬁc output.

Main Findings

MOD Conﬂict Prevention

• In 2003/04, the MOD spent around £1.7 billion on Conﬂict Prevention worldwide.

• The latest estimated cost of Operations in Iraq in 2003/04 has increased by £539 million to £1,539 million.

NATO Countries Defence Expenditure

• Estimated Total Defence Expenditure for NATO countries in 2003 is US$523 billion. The North America total is US$332 billion whilst the balance is US$191 billion.

• Estimated NATO defence spending has increased by around US$17 billion between 2002 and 2003 due to an increase in US defence spending by the same amount. However, Estimated Total Defence Expenditure as a percentage of GDP for NATO countries in 2003 is unchanged from 2002 at an estimated 2.7%.

• Turkey and Greece have the highest Estimated Total Defence Expenditure as a percentage of GDP for NATO Countries at 4.8% and 4.2% respectively. CHAPTER 1 - FINANCE

INTERNATIONAL DEFENCE

Table 1.17 Estimates of MOD Peacekeeping costs : 2003-04

This table shows estimated MOD Peacekeeping costs under the UK’s cross-cutting initiative on Conﬂict Prevention during 2003-04. These 34 costs cover the net additional costs incurred by MOD as a result of major military operations: that is, those costs over and above those that the Department would have incurred had the operation not been undertaken. For example, expenditure on wages and salaries or savings from cancelled training exercises are deducted from the total cost of the operation.

Current prices (£ million) Estimated Estimated Estimated Resource DEL1 Capital DEL2 Total Outturn Outturn Outturn

Total Peacekeeping Costs 1 374 334 1 708

OCULUS (Bosnia and Kosovo) 110 1 111 Macedonia 1 - 1 Democratic Republic of the Congo 2 - 2 Afghanistan 40 15 55 Operations in Iraq3 1221 318 1 539 Source: MOD Spring Supplementary Estimates 2003-04

1. The principal costs relating to Peacekeeping included in the Resource DEL include manpower costs, accommodation costs (hire of buildings and sites), utilities, hire of vehicles including air and sea charter, stock consumption. 2. The principal cost relating to Peacekeeping included in the Capital DEL is the equipment required as Urgent Operational Requirements for operations in Iraq. 3. This is an estimated figure as robust data on the cost to the UK of the recent Iraqi conflict are not yet available. Items included in this estimate include costs for the procurement of equipment or modifications under the heading Urgent Operational Requirements (UOR), increased maintenance and stock consumption, civil sea and air charter and provision of infrastructure in the theatre of operations. It does not cover the cost of military action. Calculating those costs will take some time to determine since it will include the cost of ammunition, bombs and guided weapons consumed in excess of peacetime levels and equipment destroyed and damaged. CHAPTER 1 - FINANCE

INTERNATIONAL DEFENCE

Table 1.18 NATO Countries Defence Expenditure 1999 - 2003

This table shows defence payments accrued within ﬁnancial years 1999 - 2003 as extracted from the NATO website http://www.nato.int/docu/pr/2003/p03-146e.htm. Figures are based on the NATO deﬁnition of defence expenditure and are stated at 1995 35 prices and exchange rates.

The NATO definition of defence expenditure differs from national definitions so the figures quoted may differ from those given in national budgets. Expenditure is included for countries that provide Military Assistance. Expenditure is not included for countries receiving assistance. The financial year has been designated by the year which includes the highest number of months. For example year 2000 represents 2000/01 for Canada and the United Kingdom and 1999/00 for the United States.

The data in this table are outside the scope of National Statistics because they are provided by an organisation outside the UK Government Statistical Service.

1995 Prices and Exchange Rates Country Currency Unit (Million) 1999 2000 2001 2002 Estimated 2003 NATO Total US Dollars 455 270r 468 564r 470 095r 506 737 523 498

NATO - Europe US Dollars 188 797r 190 653r 189 812r 191 620 191 127 Belgium Belgium Francs - Euro1 129 419 129 417r 123 724r || 2 974 3 010 Czech Republic3 Czech Koruny 30 670r 32 759r 31 485r 32 835 34 811 Denmark Danish Kroner 17 498 16 994 17 878 17 651 17 777 France4 French Francs - Euro1 229 663 228 658r 227 643r || 35 448 36 137 Germany Deutsche Mark - Euro1 57 924r 57 977r 57 327r || 29 336 28 870 Greece Drachmas - Euro1 1 490 665r 1 569 031r 1 533 940r || 4 413 4 439 Hungary3 Forint 107 045 117 961r 129 963r 139 961 145 652 Italy 1000 Italian Lire - Euro1 32 902 34 637 34 139r || 17 687 16 186 Luxembourg Lux. Francs - Euro1 5 083 5 211 6 476 || 170 177 Netherlands Neth. Guilders - Euro1 13 424 12 809 13 166 || 5 905 5 811 Norway Norwegian Kroner 23 375 22 921r 23 287r 27 841 25 778 Poland3 Zlotys 7 798r 7 461r 7 713r 7 671 8 276 Portugal Escudos - Euro1 395 920r 406 545r 421 249r || 2 138 2 084 Spain Pesetas - Euro1 1 059 028r 1 096 489r 1 104 369r || 6 711 6 776 Turkey 1000 Turkish Liras 370 788 374 540 336 003 351 860 363 740 United Kingdom2 Pounds Sterling 20 006r 20 436 || 20 761r 20 626 21 077

North America US Dollars 266 474r 277 910r 280 283r 315 118 332 371 Canada Canadian Dollars 11 871r 11 382r 12 067r 12 099 12 293 United States US Dollars 257 824 269 617 271 491r 306 302 323 414 Source: NATO

1. National Currency until end 2001; EURO beginning 2002. 2. United Kingdom moved from Cash to Resource Accounting in 2001. 3. Czech Republic, Hungary and Poland joined the Alliance in 1999. 4. The defence data relating to France are indicative only. CHAPTER 1 - FINANCE

INTERNATIONAL DEFENCE

Table 1.19 NATO Countries Defence Expenditure as % of GDP

This table shows defence payments accrued within financial years 1999-2003 as a percentage of GDP. The figures are those extracted 36 from the NATO website http://www.nato.int/docu/pr/2003/p03-146e.htm. Figures are based on the NATO definition of defence expenditures which may differ from National definitions given in National Budgets.

The data in this table are outside the scope of National Statistics because they are provided by an organisation outside the UK Government Statistical Service.

Current Prices

Estimated Country 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 NATO Total 2.5 2.6 || 2.6 2.7 2.7

NATO - Europe 2.1 2.1 || 2.0 2.0 2.0 Belgium 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.3 Czech Republic 2.2 2.2r 2.1 2.1 2.2 Denmark 1.6 1.5 1.6 1.6r 1.6 France1 2.7 2.6 2.5 2.5 2.6 Germany 1.5r 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.4 Greece 4.8 4.9 4.6 4.3r 4.2 Hungary 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9r 1.9 Italy 2.0 2.1 2.0 2.1r 1.9 Luxembourg 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.9r 0.9 Netherlands 1.8 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 Norway 2.1r 1.8 1.7r 2.1r 2.0 Poland 2.0r 1.9r 1.9r 1.9r 2.0 Portugal 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1r 2.1 Spain 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 Turkey 5.4 5.0 5.0r 4.9r 4.8 United Kingdom2 2.5 2.5 || 2.5 2.4 2.4

North America 2.9 2.9 || 3.0r 3.3r 3.4 Canada 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.2r 1.2 United States 3.0 3.1 3.1 3.4r 3.5

Source: NATO 1. The defence data relating to France are indicative only. 2. United Kingdom moved from Cash to Resource Accounting in 2001. CHAPTER 2 - PERSONNEL

INTRODUCTION

Chapter 2 is divided into ﬁve main sections:

• Personnel summary (Tables 2.1 to 2.6) - overall statistics relating to both civilians and Armed Forces personnel, including numbers overseas. A brief note on sources and methods is included with Table 2.1;

• UK Armed Forces (Tables 2.7 to 2.26) – summaries of the main trends in strengths, intakes and outﬂows of personnel in the UK Armed Forces. A chart setting out the equivalent ranks in the Services and with civilians is included as Table 2.26;

• UK Civilians (Tables 2.27 to 2.38) - summaries of the main trends in strengths, intakes and outﬂows of civilian personnel. New tables on Defence Agency employees by UK country (Table 2.36), disability (Table 37 2.37) and age (Table 2.38) have been added.

• War Pensions (Table 2.39) – statistics on the numbers receiving various types of war pension.

• International (Table 2.40) – Manpower holdings and ceilings by member countries of the Conventional Forces in Europe (CFE) Treaty.

Key Points and Trends

Personnel Summary

• The total number of personnel employed by the Ministry of Defence fell by 34 per cent between 1990 and 2004, with the number of Service personnel falling by 32 per cent and the number of full-time equivalent civilians by 37 per cent (Table 2.1).

• Operational budgetary areas employed around 69 per cent of Service personnel and about 21 per cent of civilians on 1 April 2004 (Table 2.2).

• The Defence Agency employing the largest number of Service personnel at 1 April 2004 was the Army Training and Recruitment Agency (ATRA), who employed 6,360 Service people, whereas the Agency employing the most civilians was the newly formed Ministry of Defence Police and Guarding Agency (6,030 FTE) (Table 2.6).

UK Armed Forces

• The proportion of serving personnel who were from the ethnic minorities stood at 4.9 per cent at 1 April 2004, and numbered an estimated 10,060 on a full coverage basis (Table 2.11), compared with 4.3 per cent and an estimated 8,910 a year previously.

• The number of mobilised volunteer reservists fell from around 5,300 in 2003 to just under 3,000 in 2004 (Table 2.13).

UK Civilians

• The proportion of female staff has risen from 30% in 1990 to 36% in 2004 (Table 2.30).

• The average rate of sickness absence fell from 9.4 working days per person per year in 1999 to 8.7 days in 2003/04 (Table 2.35).

• About a third of MOD Civilians were aged over 50 on 1 April 2004 (Table 2.38).

• The number of locally engaged civilians (LECs) on 1 April 2004 was 15,400 the highest ﬁgure since 1997 (Table 2.27). This was largely as a result of the engagement of staff in Iraq. CHAPTER 2 - PERSONNEL

PERSONNEL SUMMARY

Table 2.1 Recent trends in service and civilian personnel2 numbers, at 1 April each year

Sources and methods

Armed Forces personnel data are compiled from either pay records (Naval Service) or personnel records (Army and RAF) held by the Armed Forces Pay Administration Agency (AFPAA). DASA receives monthly extracts from these sources for the ﬁrst day of each month, after waiting between 5 and 15 days for the input of late information to the AFPAA computer systems. These records are supplemented from other sources to improve the quality of the data on, for example, the ethnic origin of new recruits. Unless otherwise stated, tables showing Armed Forces ﬁgures include both trained and untrained personnel.

Civilian data are compiled from the various civilian personnel record systems in the MOD, principally those held by the Pay and Personnel 38 Agency (PPA) and the Trading Funds. Differences in the way the personnel in different areas are managed and graded means that not all the data are fully consistent. Further details can be found in the note betweenTables 2.26 and 2.27

Ethnic origin data are collected by voluntary surveys and are thus based on self-perception. In 2001/02 a re-survey of all Service and civilian personnel was undertaken so that the new classifications used in the 2001 Census of Population could be used. Final ethnicity figures based on the re-survey are now available for Strength of UK Regular Forces, Outflow from Trained Strength and Other Outflow from Untrained Strength.

Provisional ethnicity figures for Intake to Untrained Strength, Outflow from Untrained to Trained Strength and Outflow to Civil Life from Untrained Strength based on those with known ethnic origin are also available. The new classifications are the basis of the figures for 2002 onwards.

Thousands: FTE 1990 5 1997 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

Total personnel 487.3 || 349.2 336.3 334.0 329.4 || 320.9 321.1 322.6

Service 314.8 216.1 213.2 212.7 211.2 210.8 213.5 213.5 UK Regulars 305.8 211.8 208.6 207.6 205.7 204.7 206.9 207.0 FTRS - - 0.6 1.0 1.4 2.0 2.5 2.4 Gurkhas1 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.7 9.0 4.3 Locally entered/engaged1 } { 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4

Civilian Level 02,3 172.5 || 133.3 123.0 121.3 118.2 || 110.1 107.6 109.0 Level 12 141.4 || 101.9 94.1 91.9 86.0 || 83.6 81.5 82.2 Trading Funds * 15.5 14.0 14.5 18.8 12.4 12.2 11.4 Locally engaged 6 31.1 15.9 14.9 14.8 13.3 14.1 13.8 15.4

Excluded from the above table: Royal Irish (Home Service)4 6.2 4.8 4.4 4.2 3.8 3.6 3.5 3.4 Source: DASA(Civilian) and DASA(Tri-Service) 1. Gurkhas are included in the locally entered service personnel figures until 1997 after which they are shown separately. 2. This table uses the revised definition of civilian personnel (see Definition of the Ministry of Defence Civilian Workforce between tables 2.26 and 2.27). 3. The following changes have affected the continuity of the civilian data: removal of GCHQ personnel from April 1994, and the following contractorisations: 1985 Royal Ordnance Factories (18,000); 1987, Royal Dockyards at Devonport (16,000); 1993, Atomic Weapons Establishment (6,000). In 2001 the QinetiQ portion of the Defence Evaluation and Research Agency (8,000) was established as a plc. 4. Further details on the Royal Irish (Home Service) can be found in Table 7.1. 5. Data for the updated definiton of civilians are not available for 1990 - figures are as published in UK Defence Statistics 1990. 6. Includes manually paid staff overseas until 2001. CHAPTER 2 - PERSONNEL

PERSONNEL SUMMARY

Table 2.2 Service and civilian personnel1 by budgetary area, at 1 April 2004

Thousands: FTE

All Service Other Civilian Non- Officers Industrial Personnel Total Ranks Total Industrial Grand Total1 316.1 207.0 33.4 173.6 109.0 * * Naval operational areas Commander-in-Chief Fleet 28.4 24.4 3.0 21.4 4.0 2.2 1.8 Fleet2 26.1 24.4 3.0 21.4 1.7 1.2 0.5 Royal Fleet Auxiliary Service 2.3 - - - 2.3 1.1 1.2 39 Army operational areas Commander-in-Chief Land Command 85.3 76.3 7.5 68.9 9.0 6.4 2.6 Field Army 55.0 53.0 4.6 48.4 2.0 1.5 0.5 Joint Helicopter Command 13.1 12.7 1.4 11.3 0.4 0.3 0.2 Commander Regional Forces 16.0 10.3 1.2 9.1 5.7 3.8 1.9 Land Support 1.3 0.4 0.3 0.1 0.9 0.8 0.1 General Officer Commanding Northern Ireland 10.7 7.2 0.7 6.6 3.4 1.9 1.6 Air Force operational areas Air Officer Commanding-in-Chief RAF Strike Command 36.9 30.8 4.5 26.3 6.0 3.4 2.6 Number 1 Group 11.7 10.1 1.1 9.0 1.7 0.8 0.9 Number 2 Group 12.3 10.5 1.5 9.0 1.7 0.9 0.8 Number 3 Group 6.7 5.6 0.7 4.9 1.1 0.5 0.6 Deputy Commander-in-Chief 6.1 4.6 1.2 3.4 1.5 1.2 0.3 Service personnel commands3 2nd Sea Lord/Commander-in-Chief Naval Home Command 12.1 10.1 2.7 7.4 2.0 1.8 0.2 Flag Officer Training and Recruiting 3.9 2.7 0.7 2.0 1.2 1.0 0.1 Headquarters3 4.6 3.8 1.0 2.8 0.8 0.7 0.1 Untrained personnel4,5 3.6 3.6 1.0 2.6 - - - Adjutant General (Personnel and Training Command) 32.2 24.4 4.3 20.0 7.9 6.7 1.1 Army Personnel Centre 1.0 0.2 0.1 - 0.8 0.8 - Army Programme 2.9 2.9 0.9 2.0 - - - Army Training and Recruitment Agency 10.4 6.4 1.1 5.2 4.0 3.1 0.9 Chief of Staff 1.7 0.8 0.3 0.5 0.8 0.8 0.1 Duke of York’s Royal Military School 0.1 - - - 0.1 0.1 - General Staff 1.9 1.1 0.6 0.5 0.8 0.8 0.1 Primary Health Care 0.3 0.1 - - 0.2 0.2 - Queen Victoria School 0.1 - - - 0.1 0.1 - Service Children’s Education 1.0 - - - 1.0 1.0 - Untrained personnel4 13.0 13.0 1.2 11.7 - - - Air Officer Commanding-in-Chief RAF Personnel and Training Command 16.9 11.2 3.4 7.8 5.7 4.6 1.1 Personnel Management Agency 1.1 0.9 0.4 0.5 0.2 0.2 - Training Group Defence Agency 6.1 3.8 1.1 2.7 2.3 2.1 0.3 Core Headquarters 5.0 1.8 0.6 1.2 3.2 2.3 0.9 Untrained personnel4 4.6 4.6 1.3 3.4 - - - Source: DASA(Civilian) and DASA(Tri-Service) CHAPTER 2 - PERSONNEL

PERSONNEL SUMMARY

Table 2.2 Service and civilian personnel1 by budgetary area, at 1 April 2004 (continued) Thousands: FTE All Service Other Civilian Non- Officers Industrial Personnel Total Ranks Total Industrial Chief of Defence Logistics Defence Logistics Organisation 27.4 6.5 1.9 4.6 20.9 16.6 4.3 Deputy Chief of Defence Logistics6 1.7 0.1 0.1 - 1.5 1.5 - Defence Communication Services (Chief of 4.4 1.2 0.3 0.9 3.2 3.0 0.2 Defence Logistics) 40 Warship Support Agency 7.3 2.3 0.4 1.9 5.0 4.3 0.7 Director General Equipment Support (Air) 4.2 1.6 0.6 1.0 2.6 2.6 0.1 Director General Equipment Support (Land) 2.0 0.4 0.1 0.2 1.6 1.6 - Defence Supply Chain 7.8 0.9 0.3 0.6 6.9 3.6 3.3 MOD Head Office, HQ, DPA and centrally managed expenditure Central TLB 29.6 10.7 4.0 6.7 18.9 18.3 0.6 Chief of Defence Intelligence 4.2 2.6 0.4 2.2 1.6 1.5 0.1 Defence Academy 0.6 0.3 0.3 0.1 0.3 0.2 - Defence Estates 2.5 - - - 2.5 2.4 0.1 Defence Export Sales Organisation 0.5 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.4 - Deputy Chief of the Defence Staff (Health) 3.5 2.6 0.9 1.7 0.9 0.7 0.2 Deputy Chief of the Defence Staff (Personnel) 1.3 0.2 0.1 0.1 1.1 1.1 - Finance Director 1.1 - - - 1.1 1.1 - Head Office7 3.2 1.0 0.8 0.2 2.2 2.2 - Ministry of Defence Police and Guarding Agency8 6.0 - - - 6.0 6.0 - Personnel Director 2.4 - - - 2.4 2.4 - Policy and Commitments9 4.3 3.8 1.4 2.4 0.5 0.3 0.2 Chief of Joint Operations 4.3 3.9 0.7 3.2 0.4 0.3 0.1 Commander of British Forces Cyprus 2.2 2.1 0.2 1.9 0.1 0.1 - Commander of British Forces Falklands 0.9 0.9 0.1 0.8 - - - Commander of British Forces Gibraltar 0.2 0.2 - 0.2 - - - Sovereign Bases Areas Administration Cyprus ------Permanent Joint Headquarters 0.9 0.7 0.3 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.1 Corporate Science and Technology Budget 0.1 - - - 0.1 0.1 - Defence Procurement Agency 4.6 0.7 0.5 0.2 3.9 3.9 - Unallocated 0.5 0.5 0.1 0.4 0.1 - - Civilian Level 110 82.2 * * * 82.2 66.3 15.9 MOD owned trading funds Defence Science & Technology Laboratory 3.2 0.1 0.1 - 3.1 * * Meteorological Office 1.9 - - - 1.9 * * UK Hydrographic Office 0.9 - - - 0.9 * * Defence Aviation Repair Agency 3.7 - - - 3.7 * * Army Base Repair Organisation6 1.8 - - - 1.8 * * Locally Engaged Civilians10 15.4 * * * 15.4 7.3 8.1 Grand Total1 316.1 207.0 33.4 173.6 109.0 * * Source: DASA(Civilian) and DASA(Tri-Service) 1. This table uses the revised definition of civilian personnel (see Definition of the Ministry of Defence Civilian Workforce between tables 2.26 and 2.27). Service totals include budgetary areas only. 2. Includes untrained Royal Marines. 3. Naval Secretary budgetary area now closed, staff now belong to Headquarters. 4. All untrained Service personnel in the Service Personnel Commands have been shown separately. These represent the vast majority of untrained Service personnel - the few remaining untrained Service personnel are included in the Service totals for other Commands. 5. Untrained Royal Navy personnel only - untrained Royal Marines are included with Commander-in-Chief Fleet. 6. 600 Army Base Repair Organisation staff are shown in Deputy Chief of Defence Logistics, for budgetary purposes, and have not transferred to the Trading Fund. 7. As at 1 April 2004, Head Office management grouping was formed, mainly from staff from Finance and Policy Directors. 8. As at 1 April 2004, the Ministry of Defence Police expanded to include the MOD Guard.Service. 9. As at 1 April 2004, Policy & Commitments was formed, mainly from DCDS(EC), DCDS(C) and Policy Director. 10. Civilian personnel only. CHAPTER 2 - PERSONNEL

PERSONNEL SUMMARY

Table 2.3 Civilian personnel1 in the United Kingdom as at 1 July each year

Thousands: FTE 1985 1990 1997 1998 1999 2000 United Kingdom .. .. 276.9 276.7 271.9 267.7 Sevice 229.6 215.9 171.6 173.4 171.7 170.3 Civilian .. .. 105.3 103.2 100.2 97.4 by country England .. .. 229.4 229.3 226.5 222.6 Service 193.3 179.6 142.6 144.6 144.3 143.0 Civilian .. .. 86.8 84.8 82.2 79.5 41 Wales .. .. 8.4 8.6 8.4 8.3 Service 6.3 5.3 3.3 3.2 3.3 3.2 Civilian .. .. 5.1 5.3 5.2 5.0 Scotland .. .. 24.2 24.1 24.6 24.7 Service 20.1 19.3 13.9 14.2 14.9 15.1 Civilian .. .. 10.3 9.9 9.7 9.6 Northern Ireland .. .. 14.6 14.2 12.2 11.6 Service 9.7 11.5 11.5 11.0 9.0 8.4 Civilian .. .. 3.1 3.2 3.2 3.2 Source: DASA(Civilian) and DASA(Tri-Service) 1. This table uses the revised definition of civilian personnel (see Definition of the Ministry of Defence Civilian Workforce between tables 2.26 and 2.27). 2. Includes all personnel serving on emergency tours of duty, but excludes the former Ulster Defence Regiment, now the Home Service element of the Royal Irish Regiment. 3. Includes those temporarily absent or on long-term sick leave. 4. Civilian figures for 1998 are estimates. Civilian personnel1 by Government Office Region at 1 April each year

Number: FTE Percentage 2003 2004 Change2 change United Kingdom 77 020 77 640 +620 +0.8 by Government Office Region England 61 370 63 010 +1650 +2.7 North East 480 500 +30 +5.4 North West 2 710 2 820 +110 +4.1 Yorkshire & The Humber 3 400 3 770 +360 +10.7 East Midlands 2 320 2 460 +140 +6.3 West Midlands 4 880 5 320 +430 +8.9 Eastern 7 080 7 510 +430 +6.0 London 6 550 5 700 -850 -12.9 South East 14 690 14 810 +120 +0.8 South West 19 260 20 130 +860 +4.5 Wales 1 450 1 750 +300 +20.4 Scotland 6 650 6 750 +100 +1.5 Northern Ireland 3 300 3 440 +140 +4.2 Unallocated3 4 240 2 680 -1560 -36.8 Royal Fleet Auxiliaries 2 450 2 310 -140 -5.6 Elsewhere 2 060 2 230 +160 +7.9 Civilian Level 1 81 540 82 180 +650 +0.8 Trading Funds 12 200 11 440 -760 -6.3 Locally engaged 13 840 15 430 +1590 +11.5 Civilian Level 0 107 580 109 050 +1470 +1.4 Source: DASA(Civilian) 1. This table uses the revised definition of civilian personnel (see Definition of the Ministry of Defence Civilian Workforce between tables 2.26 and 2.27). 2. Changes are calculated from the unrounded data and so may differ slightly from the differences between the rounded data. 3. Includes those temporarily absent or on long-term sick leave. CHAPTER 2 - PERSONNEL

PERSONNEL SUMMARY

Table 2.4 Global locations of personnel, at 1 April each year Number: FTE 1997 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 1 2004 Global Total 344 120 331 640 328 890 323 820 314 780|| 107 580 2 109 050 United Kingdom Service 166 090 165 890 165 620 166 800 163 880 .. .. Civilian 107 480 100 300 97 980 96 370 87 510 84 760 86 210 Overseas Total 62 630 61 560 60 650 56 110 58 790|| 18 490 2 20 130

Mainland European States 41 160 42 570 40 970 37 180 35 640 || 10 540 2 10 550 42 Germany Service 21 900 20 410 20 430 18 770 18 200 .. .. Civilian 12 130 11 550 11 470 10 160 9 260 9 440 9 780 Balkans3 Service 5 100 8 010 6 580 5 300 4 380 .. .. Civilian 20 10 10 - 1 440 980 640 Remainder Service 1 920 2 490 2 380 2 840 2 240 .. .. Civilian 100 100 100 120 110 130 130 Mediterranean 8 690 8 250 8 440 7 980 7 920 || 3 850 2 4 080 Cyprus Service 4 090 3 660 3 630 3 660 3 460 .. .. Civilian 2 930 2 830 2 830 2 650 2 700 2 760 2 880 Gibraltar Service 480 440 770 490 400 .. .. Civilian 1 200 1 110 1 050 1 020 1 050 1 090 1 200 Remainder4 Service - 210 160 170 300 .. .. Civilian ------Middle East5 Service 670 1 600 2 260 1 610 5 190 .. .. Civilian 40 40 40 40 40 120 1 610 Far East/Asia Service 2 210 350 350 330 380 .. .. Civilian 770 570 600 650 700 710 730 Africa 560 500 1 020 1 400 1 620 || 160 2 160 Sierra Leone Service - 10 20 330 250 .. .. Civilian - - - - 110 - - Remainder Service 550 490 1 000 920 1 100 .. .. Civilian - - - 9 150 160 160 160 North America 2 260 2 410 1 830 1 830 1 940 || 200 2 200 USA Service 1 310 930 830 420 600 .. .. Civilian 100 100 90 9 190 190 200 190 Canada6 Service 840 1 370 910 1 210 1 150 .. .. Civilian 10 10 10 9 10 10 - 10 Service 300 380 190 530 390 .. .. Central/South America Civilian 10 10 10 9 140 r 150 150 150 Falkland Islands Service 1 790 1 550 1 620 1 460 1 350 .. .. Civilian 40 50 40 70 60 50 50 Elsewhere7,8 Service 1 550 380 310 340 840 .. .. Civilian 2 600 2 910 2 990 9 2 550 2 570 2 700 2 600 Unallocated9 7 910 3 880 4 640 4 540 4 590|| 4 340 2 2 710 Service 2 040 470 570 480 580 .. .. Civilian 5 870 3 420 4 070 4 060 4 010 4 340 2 710 Source: DASA(Civilian) and DASA(Tri-Service) 1. Data for the global locations of Service personnel have been suspended because of concerns over quality of source data. A review of data sources is being undertaken. 2. Civilian personnel only. This table uses the revised definition of civilian personnel (see Definition of the Ministry of Defence Civilian Workforce between tables 2.26 and 2.27). 3. Balkans consists of Bosnia-Herzegovina, Croatia, the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Kosovo, Montenegro, and Serbia. 4. Ships at sea in the Mediterranean not stationed at either Cyprus or Gibraltar. 5. Including Egypt, Iraq and Libya. 6. Excluding British troops training in Canada at the British Army Training Unit, Suffield. 7. Includes personnel in transit, D DIP(prev SAASc) and any other geographic region that is not specifically identified above. 8. Information for some locally engaged civilians before 2001 are coded as Elsewhere. 9. Includes personnel who were temporarily absent or on long term sick leave. 10. Figures prior to 1997 are available only on a different geographical basis: refer to table 2.5 in editions of UKDS, prior to 2003. CHAPTER 2 - PERSONNEL

PERSONNEL SUMMARY

Table 2.5 Strength of locally entered personnel including Gurkhas by Global location at 1 April each year Number: FTE 1990 1997 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Total 40 160 || 20 190 18 850 18 930 17 470 18 280 17 970 19 510 Naval Service 310 190 ------Army 1 8 710 4 140 3 980 4 080 4 120 4 160 4 130 4 080 of which Gurkhas .. 3 760 3 620 3 730 3 780 3 800 3 760 3 720 Royal Air Force ------Civilian 31 140 || 15 860 14 870 14 850 13 340 14 120 13 840 15 430 43 by location of deployment United Kingdom Army 1 300 2 000 2 340 2 390 2 570 2 640 2 600 2 550 of which Gurkhas .. 2 000 2 340 2 390 2 570 2 640 2 600 2 550 Continental Europe ------Civilian 23 290 10 790 10 140 10 140 8 840 7 940 8 070 8 290 Mediterranean Gibraltar 2 Army 70 350 350 350 340 370 370 360 Civilian 1 530 1 130 1 050 980 960 990 1 030 1 140 Malta Civilian 10 ------Cyprus Civilian 3 2 460 2 660 2 530 2 520 2 340 2 380 2 440 2 510 Far East Hong Kong Naval Service 310 190 ------Army 5 310 140 ------of which Gurkhas .. 120 ------Civilian 2 630 190 ------Brunei Army 840 780 850 820 830 820 790 730 of which Gurkhas .. 780 850 820 830 820 790 730 Civilian 200 230 240 260 270 290 300 300 Nepal Army 1 190 860 430 460 380 340 370 440 of which Gurkhas .. 860 430 460 380 340 370 440 Civilian 300 300 310 320 360 360 370 Elsewhere } 290 { Civilian 40 20 20 20 20 20 20 Other areas Army - - - 60 - - - - of which Gurkhas .. - - 60 - - - - Civilian 4 730 530 580 610 590 2 120 1 620 2 790 Source: DASA(Civilian) and DASA(Tri-Service) 1. Gurkha figures prior to 2001 include 3 Officers and 9 Soldiers from the UK Regular forces. 2. Gibraltar Army figures comprise the Gibraltar Permanent Cadre and Gibraltar Volunteer Reserve. 3. From 1996, includes the locally employed dependents of Service personnel. 4. The increase in 2002 reflects the engagement of local personnel in Bosnia-Herzegovina and Kosovo, and the increase in 2004 the engagement of personnel in Iraq. CHAPTER 2 - PERSONNEL

PERSONNEL SUMMARY

Table 2.6 Personnel in UK Defence Agencies and MOD-owned Trading Funds by broad category, at 1 April 2004 Number: FTE All Service Other Civilian Non- personnel Total3 Officers ranks Total industrial Industrial Total Agencies and Trading Funds 72 120 21 380 5 570 15 810 50 740 33 600 4 5 710 4 As a percentage of total MOD personnel in category 25 12 19 10 47 * * Agencies5 Armed Forces Personnel Administration Agency 380 210 110 100 160 160 - Army Training and Recruitment Agency 10 360 6 360 1 140 5 230 4 000 3 050 950 44 British Forces Post Office 530 170 20 160 360 330 30 Defence Analytical Services Agency 180 - - - 180 180 - Defence Bills Agency 590 - - - 590 590 - Defence Communications Service Agency 4 410 1 230 320 910 3 180 2 990 180 Defence Dental Agency 910 740 250 490 170 160 - Defence Estates6 2 480 30 30 - 2 450 2 390 60 Defence Geographical and Imagery Intelligence Agency 1 450 640 100 530 810 780 40 Defence Intelligence and Security Centre 470 310 60 250 160 140 20 Defence Medical Education and Training Agency 2 250 1 660 580 1 090 580 440 150 Defence Procurement Agency 4 600 730 520 210 3 870 3 870 10 Defence Storage and Distribution Agency 4 710 170 40 130 4 530 1 670 2 870 Defence Transport and Movements Agency 410 90 40 50 320 170 140 Defence Vetting Agency 340 - - - 340 340 - Disposal Services Agency 70 - - - 60 60 - Duke of York’s Royal Military School 110 - - - 110 100 20 Medical Supplies Agency 300 30 10 20 270 150 120 Ministry of Defence Police and Guarding Agency7 6 030 - - - 6 030 5 990 40 Naval Recruiting and Training Agency 3 910 2 750 730 2 010 1 160 1 020 140 Pay and Personnel Agency 790 - - - 790 790 - Queen Victoria School 70 - - - 70 60 10 RAF Training Group Defence Agency 6 100 3 790 1 110 2 680 2 310 2 060 250 Service Children’s Education 960 - - - 960 960 - Veterans’ Agency 850 - - - 850 850 - Warship Support Agency 7 280 2 290 410 1 880 4 990 4 310 680 Trading Funds Army Base Repair Organisation8 1 840 - - - 1 840 * * Defence Aviation Repair Agency 3 710 40 10 30 3 670 * * Defence Science and Technology Laboratory 3 240 100 80 20 3 140 * * Meteorological Office 1 870 - - - 1 860 * * UK Hydrographic Office 920 - - - 920 * * MOD total excluding Agencies and Trading Funds 203 730 163 170 24 290 138 880 40 560 31 590 8 970 Locally engaged civilian staff 15 430 9 * * * 15 430 7 330 8 100 Royal Fleet Auxiliary (RFA) staff 2 310 9 * * * 2 310 1 070 1 240 Level 0 Total 109 050 9 * * * 109 050 * * Sources: DASA(Civilian) and DASA(Tri-Service) 1. This table uses the revised definition of civilian personnel (see Definition of the Ministry of Defence Civilian Workforce between tables 2.26 and 2.27). 2. Data are drawn from personnel records and the Resource Accounting and Budgeting System. 3. Trained UK Regular Service personnel only. 4. Excluding Trading Fund personnel since an Industrial and Non Industrial breakdown is not available for Trading Funds. 5. The following Agencies formally ceased to be Defence Agencies from 1 April 2004, but may have retained their existing name: Army Personnel Centre, Naval Manning Agency, RAF Personnel Managment Agency. 6. Defence Housing Executive merged with Defence Estates on 1 April 2004. 7. Formed on 1st April 2004 when Ministry of Defence Guard Service merged with Ministry of Defence Police. 8. Excludes 600 personnel not transferred to the trading fund. 9. Civilian personnel only. 10. Details of Civilian personnel in Defence Agencies and MOD owned Trading Funds by UK country can be found in Table 2.36. CHAPTER 2 - PERSONNEL

UK ARMED FORCES

Table 2.7 Strength of the UK Regular Forces by Service and whether trained or untrained at 1 April each year

The strength of the UK Regular Armed Forces has fallen by almost a third since 1990, with the Royal Air Force falling the most (40 per cent) and the Army the least (26 per cent). The proportion of total strength that was untrained fell from over 9 per cent in 1990 to under 5 per cent in 1994. This ﬁgure then rose year on year to almost 12 per cent in 2003, falling slightly to 11 per cent in 2004. This reﬂects the increased recruiting activity following the redundancy programmes of the early 1990’s.

Thousands 1990 1997 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 All Services 305.8 211.8 208.6 207.6 205.7 204.7 206.9 207.0 45 Trained 277.6 194.6 187.1 186.0 184.2 181.7 182.8 184.6 Ofﬁcers 37.9 29.8 29.1 29.1 29.0 29.0 29.4 29.9 Other ranks 239.6 164.8 158.0 156.9 155.1 152.7 153.3 154.7 Untrained 28.2 17.2 21.5 21.6 21.5 23.0 24.2 22.5 Ofﬁcers 4.9 2.9 3.1 3.4 3.6 3.7 3.7 3.6 Other ranks 23.2 14.3 18.4 18.2 17.9 19.3 20.4 18.9

Naval Service 63.3 45.1 43.7 42.8 42.4 41.6 41.6 40.9 Trained 56.7 41.7 39.1 38.5 38.0 36.8 36.6 36.4 Ofﬁcers 8.3 7.0 6.6 6.6 6.6 6.5 6.6 6.7 Other ranks 48.4 34.7 32.5 32.0 31.5 30.3 30.0 29.7 Untrained 6.6 3.5 4.6 4.3 4.4 4.9 5.0 4.5 Ofﬁcers 1.9 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.2 1.1 Other ranks 4.7 2.5 3.5 3.2 3.2 3.6 3.8 3.4

Army 152.8 109.8 109.7 110.1 109.5 110.1 112.1 112.7 Trained 137.4 98.7 96.3 96.5 96.3 96.0 97.6 99.4 Ofﬁcers 16.2 12.8 12.7 12.8 12.8 12.9 13.2 13.5 Other ranks 121.2 85.9 83.6 83.7 83.5 83.1 84.4 85.9 Untrained 15.4 11.1 13.4 13.6 13.2 14.0 14.5 13.3 Ofﬁcers 1.2 1.0 0.9 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2 Other ranks 14.2 10.1 12.5 12.5 12.1 12.9 13.3 12.1

Royal Air Force 89.7 56.9 55.2 54.7 53.7 53.0 53.2 53.4 Trained 83.5 54.2 51.8 51.0 49.8 48.9 48.5 48.7 Ofﬁcers 13.4 10.1 9.8 9.8 9.7 9.6 9.7 9.7 Other ranks 70.1 44.1 42.0 41.2 40.2 39.3 38.9 39.1 Untrained 6.2 2.7 3.5 3.7 3.9 4.1 4.7 4.7 Ofﬁcers 1.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 Other ranks 4.3 1.7 2.3 2.5 2.5 2.8 3.4 3.4 Source: DASA(Tri-Service) Figures are for UK Regular Forces (including both Trained and Untrained personnel), and therefore exclude Gurkhas, Full Time Reserve Service personnel, the Home Service battalions of the Royal Irish Regiment, mobilised reservists and Naval Activated Reservists. CHAPTER 2 - PERSONNEL

UK ARMED FORCES

Chart to Table 2.7 Percentage change in UK Regular strength compared with 1990 30 30 Naval Service Army Royal Air Force

20 20

10 10 46 0 0

-10 -10

-20 -20

-30 -30

-40 -40

-50 -50 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000

Age analysis of the Armed Forces

Table 2.8 shows the numbers in each age band and the average age of the UK regular forces between 1990 and 2004.

For both officers and other ranks, the proportions in the youngest age groups, (under 25’s for officers and under 20’s for other ranks) fell dramatically in the early-1990’s but has risen since 1997 although they are still below the 1990 level. At the same time, the proportion of officers and other ranks in their 30’s rose year on year throughout the 1990’s and are still higher than the 1990 level. One of the factors for this trend is the service personnel reductions of the early 1990’s followed by increased recruiting activity since the mid-1990’s. These changes largely reflect the variation in the numbers recruited by the services each year which can be seen in Table 2.15 (Intake of UK Regular Forces from civil life). CHAPTER 2 - PERSONNEL

UK ARMED FORCES

Table 2.8 Strength of UK Regular Forces by Age and by Rank at 1 April each year 1990 1997 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Ofﬁcers 42 860 32 760 32 240 32 520 32 630 32 750 33 160 33 450

by age: Under 18 - - - 10 - - - - 18-19 680 150 250 310 280 290 290 280 20-24 6 020 2 980 2 700 2 890 3 060 3 200 3 240 3 200 25-29 8 240 6 500 6 260 6 220 6 050 5 830 5 820 5 970 30-34 6 340 6 070 5 940 5 750 5 650 5 660 5 630 5 610 35-39 5 420 5 510 5 560 5 660 5 790 5 890 6 060 6 000 47 40-44 7 160 4 550 4 810 4 940 5 060 5 200 5 360 5 470 45-49 5 320 4 040 3 560 3 520 3 600 3 660 3 820 4 000 50 and over 3 680 2 960 3 160 3 210 3 140 3 010 2 940 2 920 Average age (years) 36 37 37 37 37 37 37 37

Other ranks 262 890 179 050 176 400 175 100 173 020 171 940 173 770 173 580

by age: Under 18 11 330 4 620 6 420 6 400 6 520 6 990 7 510 6 690 18-19 30 060 10 560 15 580 16 190 15 390 15 380 16 030 16 030 20-24 81 610 41 660 37 460 39 400 41 850 43 900 46 410 47 100 25-29 60 110 52 190 44 440 39 970 35 480 31 800 30 220 30 550 30-34 37 910 33 920 33 820 33 780 33 940 33 440 32 590 30 780 35-39 25 150 25 200 27 210 27 490 27 290 27 220 27 150 27 230 40-44 11 210 6 670 7 510 7 960 8 700 9 470 9 970 11 040 45-49 3 630 2 850 2 640 2 640 2 610 2 590 2 820 3 130 50 and over 1 880 1 380 1 320 1 270 1 230 1 150 1 060 1 030 Average age (years) 27 29 29 29 29 29 29 29 Source: DASA(Tri-Service) 1990 1997 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Ofﬁcers 42 860 32 760 32 240 32 520 32 630 32 750 33 160 33 450

by rank1: Major General and above 200 150 140 150 140 140 140 140 Brigadier2 390 350 370 370 380 370 360 370 Colonel 1 510 1 120 1 120 1 100 1 130 1 150 1 190 1 210 Lieutenant Colonel 4 610 3 870 3 880 3 910 4 030 4 020 4 050 4 110 Major 11 800 9 990 9 970 9 940 9 980 10 010 10 130 10 120 Captain 14 780 12 410 11 780 11 800 11 560 11 660 11 820 12 020 Lieutenant and below 9 310 4 870 4 980 5 240 5 410 5 400 5 450 5 470

Other ranks 262 890 179 050 176 400 175 100 173 020 171 940 173 770 173 580 by rank1: Warrant Ofﬁcer 11 560 8 800 8 780 8 690 8 870 8 980 8 860 9 010 Staff Sergeant 22 750 17 030 16 500 16 190 16 090 15 680 15 450 15 310 Sergeant 35 440 25 360 24 500 23 840 23 410 23 080 22 820 23 090 Corporal 55 980 37 180 34 740 33 740 33 470 32 860 32 840 33 040 Lance Corporal 23 840 16 600 15 380 15 730 15 560 16 030 16 220 16 200 Private (including juniors) 113 330 74 070 76 490 76 900 75 610 75 320 77 580 76 920 Source: DASA(Tri-Service) Figures are for UK Regular Forces and therefore excludes Gurkhas, Full-Time Reserve Service personnel, the Home Service element of the Royal Irish Regiment, mobilised reservists and Naval Activated Reservists.

1. Includes the equivalent ranks for the Naval Service and RAF. See Table 2.26. 2. Figures for Brigadier (“1-star”) level have been affected by the introduction in February 1996 of the substantive Commodore/Brigadier rank in the Naval Service which brought it into line with the other Services. Prior to 1996, all Senior Naval Captains and Royal Marine Colonels (those with 6 or more years’ seniority) who had been ﬁlling posts that were converted into the new substantive Commodore posts were counted at the Colonel level - not the Brigadier level. There is, therefore, a discontinuity in the series between 1 April 1995 and 1 April 1996. Those promoted to Captain (RN) or Colonel (RM) after 1 July 1997 will be promoted to substantive Commodore/Brigadier on the basis of selection not seniority, and the ﬁrst of this group to enter the promotion zone did so in 2001. CHAPTER 2 - PERSONNEL

UK ARMED FORCES

Table 2.9 Full-Time Trained Strength and Requirement1 at 1 April each year

1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 All Services Officers Requirement 29 780 30 140 30 650 30 440 30 280 30 730 Strength 29 430 29 540 29 630 29 840 30 490 30 940 Surplus/Deficit - 360 - 600 -1 020 - 610 210 220 Surplus/Deficit as percentage of requirement -1.2 -2.0 -3.3 -2.0 0.7 0.7 Other Ranks 48 Requirement 169 460 168 020 167 820 165 700 164 850 164 620 Strength 161 710 160 880 159 390 157 280 158 130 159 420 Surplus/Deficit -7 750 -7 140 -8 430 -8 430 -6 720 -5 200 Surplus/Deficit as percentage of requirement -4.6 -4.2 -5.0 -5.1 -4.1 -3.2 Naval Service Officers Requirement 6 910 6 860 6 920 6 860 6 860 6 940 Strength 6 710 6 670 6 700 6 680 6 780 6 900 Surplus/Deficit - 200 - 190 - 220 - 180 - 80 - 50 Surplus/Deficit as percentage of requirement -2.9 -2.8 -3.1 -2.6 -1.2 -0.7 Other Ranks Requirement 34 040 33 000 32 980 32 320 31 640 31 780 Strength 32 620 32 210 31 840 30 810 30 810 30 570 Surplus/Deficit -1 420 - 790 -1 140 -1 520 - 830 -1 200 Surplus/Deficit as percentage of requirement -4.2 -2.4 -3.5 -4.7 -2.6 -3.8 Army Officers Requirement 12 930 13 300 13 640 13 640 13 760 13 710 Strength 12 870 13 030 13 160 13 380 13 850 14 160 Surplus/Deficit - 60 - 270 - 490 - 260 90 440 Surplus/Deficit as percentage of requirement -0.4 -2.0 -3.6 -1.9 0.7 3.2 Other Ranks Requirement 92 340 93 100 93 330 93 330 93 220 93 020 Strength 87 030 87 310 87 220 87 030 88 270 89 620 Surplus/Deficit -5 320 -5 800 -6 110 -6 300 -4 940 -3 400 Surplus/Deficit as percentage of requirement -5.8 -6.2 -6.5 -6.7 -5.3 -3.7 Royal Air Force Officers Requirement 9 950 9 980 10 090 9 940 9 650 10 070 Strength 9 840 9 840 9 770 9 770 9 850 9 890 Surplus/Deficit - 110 - 140 - 320 - 170 200 - 180 Surplus/Deficit as percentage of requirement -1.1 -1.4 -3.1 -1.7 2.1 -1.8 Other Ranks Requirement 43 080 41 920 41 510 40 050 39 990 39 820 Strength 42 070 41 370 40 330 39 430 39 040 39 230 Surplus/Deficit -1 010 - 550 -1 170 - 620 - 950 - 590 Surplus/Deficit as percentage of requirement -2.3 -1.3 -2.8 -1.5 -2.4 -1.5 Source: DASA(Tri-Service) 1. The Full-Time Trained Strength and the Trained Requirement both comprise Trained UK Regular Forces, Trained Gurkhas, FTRS (Full Time Reserve Service) personnel and Nursing services. They do not include the Home Service battalions of the Royal Irish Regiment or mobilised reservists. 2. Full Time Trained Requirement figures for the RAF FTRS Home Commitment (HC) and Limited Commitment (LC) posts are only available from 1 July 2000 and so are not included in the requirement figures prior to this date. 3. FTRS strength figures include Full Commitment (FC), Home Commitment (HC) and Limited Commitment (LC) individuals. For the Army, FC and LC individuals serve against the requirement whilst HC individuals fill posts specifically for FTRS personnel. For the RAF, FC individuals serve against the requirement whilst HC and LC individuals fill posts specifically for FTRS personnel. CHAPTER 2 - PERSONNEL

UK ARMED FORCES

Table 2.10 Strength of UK Regular forces by ethnic origin, Service and rank1 at 1 April 20042 Ethnic minorities All White Ethnic Minorities Unknown3 as a percentage4 of Personnel Number Percent 4 Number Percent 4 Number Percent4 total (exc. unknown) All Services 207 020 182 065 87.9 9 320 4.5 15 640 7.6 4.9 Officers 33 450 29 890 89.4 745 2.2 2 810 8.4 2.4 Lieutenant Colonel & above 5 440 5 105 93.8 110 2.0 230 4.2 2.1 Major & below 28 000 24 785 88.5 635 2.3 2 580 9.2 2.5 Other ranks 173 580 152 175 87.7 8 575 4.9 12 830 7.4 5.3 49 Sergeant & above 44 470 40 830 91.8 1 025 2.3 2 615 5.9 2.4 Corporal & below 129 110 111 345 86.2 7 550 5.8 10 215 7.9 6.3 Naval Service 40 880 37 630 92.0 920 2.2 2 330 5.7 2.4 Officers 7 770 7 205 92.8 110 1.4 450 5.8 1.5 Commander & above 1 380 1 320 95.8 20 1.3 40 2.9 1.3 Lieutenant Commander & below 6 390 5 885 92.1 90 1.4 410 6.4 1.5 Other ranks 33 120 30 425 91.9 810 2.4 1 880 5.7 2.6 Petty Officer & above 10 940 10 310 94.2 150 1.4 480 4.4 1.5 Leading Rate & below 22 170 20 115 90.7 655 3.0 1 400 6.3 3.2 Army 112 750 97 745 86.7 7 200 6.4 7 805 6.9 6.9 Officers 14 720 13 430 91.3 380 2.6 910 6.2 2.7 Lieutenant Colonel & above 2 370 2 200 92.8 55 2.2 115 4.9 2.4 Major & below 12 340 11 225 91.0 325 2.6 790 6.4 2.8 Other ranks 98 030 84 315 86.0 6 820 7.0 6 895 7.0 7.5 Sergeant & above 22 060 20 115 91.2 590 2.7 1 350 6.1 2.9 Corporal & below 75 980 64 200 84.5 6 230 8.2 5 545 7.3 8.8 Royal Air Force 53 390 46 685 87.4 1 200 2.2 5 505 10.3 2.5 Officers 10 960 9 255 84.4 260 2.4 1 455 13.3 2.7 Wing Commander & above 1 690 1 580 93.4 40 2.4 70 4.3 2.5 Squadron Leader & below 9 270 7 670 82.8 220 2.4 1 380 14.9 2.8 Other ranks 42 430 37 435 88.2 945 2.2 4 050 9.5 2.5 Sergeant & above 11 470 10 405 90.7 280 2.5 785 6.8 2.6 Corporal & below 30 960 27 030 87.3 660 2.1 3 270 10.6 2.4 Source: DASA(Tri-Service) 1. Figures are for substantive rank. Figures for all Services include equivalent ranks in the Naval Service and RAF. See Table 2.26. 2. An exercise to recode the ethnic origin of individuals in line with the 2001 Population Census has recently been completed for serving personnel. Consequently, final figures are now shown. 3. Includes those with an unrecorded ethnic origin and non-responses. 4. Percentages are calculated from unrounded data. CHAPTER 2 - PERSONNEL

UK ARMED FORCES

Table 2.11 Strength of UK Regular forces by ethnic origin and rank1 at 1 April each year2 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 White 205 895 204 535 201 960 || 178 260r 181 660r 182 065 Officers 31 635 32 000 32 120 || 29 410r 29 725r 29 890 Lieutenant Colonel & above 5 190 5 250 5 325 || 4 970r 5 035r 5 105 Major & below 26 445 26 750 26 795 || 24 435r 24 690r 24 785 Other ranks 174 260 172 535 169 840 || 148 850r 151 935r 152 175 Sergeant & above 47 430 46 335 45 535 || 41 385r 41 065r 40 830 50 Corporal & below 126 830 126 200 124 305 || 107 470r 110 870r 111 345 Ethnic minorities 2 210 2 645 3 400 || 6 405r 8 175r 9 320 Full coverage estimates3 ...... || 7 110 8 910 10 060 Officers 335 360 405 || 760r 750r 745 Lieutenant Colonel & above 50 50 50 || 115r 115r 110 Major & below 290 310 350 || 650r 635r 635 Other ranks 1 870 2 285 3 000 || 5 640r 7 425r 8 575 Sergeant & above 560 540 505 || 1 085r 1 045r 1 025 Corporal & below 1 310 1 750 2 490 || 4 555r 6 385r 7 550 Unknown4 530 435 290 || 20 025r 17 085r 15 640 Officers 260 160 110 || 2 580r 2 680r 2 810 Lieutenant Colonel & above - - - || 275r 230r 230 Major & below 260 160 110 || 2 305r 2 450r 2 580 Other ranks 270 275 185 || 17 445r 14 405r 12 830 Sergeant & above 5 15 5 || 2 915r 2 555r 2 615 Corporal & below 265 265 175 || 14 530r 11 850r 10 215 Ethnic minorities as a percentage of total (excluding unknowns)5 All 1.1 1.3 1.7 || 3.5 4.3r 4.9 Officers 1.1 1.1 1.2 || 2.5r 2.5r 2.4 Lieutenant Colonel & above 0.9 0.9 1.0 || 2.2r 2.2r 2.1 Major & below 1.1 1.1 1.3 || 2.6r 2.5r 2.5 Other ranks 1.1 1.3 1.7 || 3.7 4.7 5.3 Sergeant & above 1.2 1.1 1.1 || 2.6r 2.5r 2.4 Corporal & below 1.0 1.4 2.0 || 4.1 5.4r 6.3 Source: DASA(Tri-Service) ~ fewer than 5 or a percentage based on fewer than 5 instances. Data have been rounded to preserve confidentiality. 1. Figures shown are for substantive rank and include equivalent ranks in the Naval Service and RAF. See Table 2.26. 2. Following the completion of the exercise to recode the ethnic origin of individuals in line with the 2001 Population Census codes, final figures are now shown from 2002. Pre-2002 data were not affected by the exercise. 3. Full coverage estimates show the number of ethnic minorities that would be expected if ethnicity were known for all personnel. 4. Includes those with an unrecorded ethnic origin and non-responses. 5. Percentages are calculated from unrounded data. CHAPTER 2 - PERSONNEL

UK ARMED FORCES

Table 2.12 Strength of UK Regular Forces by sex and rank1 At 1 April each year 1990 1997 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Female Ofﬁcers 2 780 2 2 390 2 660 2 890 3 030 3 180 3 350 3 520 by rank: Major General and above ------Brigadier 7 2 2 2 4 4 3 3 Colonel 24 16 25 24 22 29 31 34 Lieutenant Colonel 66 80 100 120 130 140 140 150 Major 370 430 460 500 540 610 670 730 Captain 1 140 1 190 1 190 1 330 1 400 1 480 1 540 1 630 Lieutenant and below 920 680 870 920 940 930 970 980 51

Male Ofﬁcers 40 080 30 370 29 580 29 620 29 600 29 570 29 800 29 920

by rank: Major General and above 200 150 140 150 140 140 140 140 Brigadier 380 350 370 370 370 360 360 370 Colonel 1 490 1 110 1 100 1 080 1 110 1 120 1 160 1 180 Lieutenant Colonel 4 550 3 790 3 780 3 800 3 910 3 890 3 910 3 960 Major 11 420 9 560 9 500 9 440 9 440 9 400 9 460 9 400 Captain 13 640 11 220 10 590 10 470 10 160 10 190 10 280 10 400 Lieutenant and below 8 390 4 190 4 110 4 320 4 470 4 470 4 490 4 490

Female Other ranks 14 690 12 540 13 490 13 660 13 650 13 860 14 560 14 870

by rank: Warrant Ofﬁcer 140 180 210 220 240 260 280 300 Staff Sergeant 360 370 390 430 500 510 520 550 Sergeant 1 390 1 170 1 200 1 200 1 210 1 260 1 340 1 420 Corporal 2 980 2 370 2 360 2 360 2 530 2 750 2 960 3 210 Lance Corporal 1 290 1 100 1 200 1 350 1 450 1 510 1 570 1 510 Private (including juniors) 8 530 7 340 8 130 8 100 7 730 7 560 7 900 7 880

Male Other ranks 248 210 166 510 162 910 161 440 159 370 158 080 159 200 158 710

by rank: Warrant Ofﬁcer 11 420 8 630 8 560 8 470 8 640 8 710 8 580 8 710 Staff Sergeant 22 390 16 660 16 110 15 760 15 600 15 160 14 930 14 770 Sergeant 34 050 24 190 23 300 22 640 22 200 21 820 21 480 21 670 Corporal 53 000 34 810 32 380 31 380 30 930 30 110 29 880 29 830 Lance Corporal 22 550 15 500 14 190 14 380 14 120 14 510 14 650 14 690 Private (including juniors) 104 800 66 730 68 370 68 800 67 880 67 760 69 680 69 040 Females as a percentage of total Ofﬁcers 6.5 2 7.3 8.2 8.9 9.3 9.7 10.1 10.5

by rank: Major General and above ------Brigadier 1.8 0.6 0.5 0.5 1.1 1.1 0.8 0.8 Colonel 1.6 1.4 2.2 2.2 1.9 2.5 2.6 2.8 Lieutenant Colonel 1.4 2.1 2.6 2.9 3.1 3.4 3.5 3.7 Major 3.2 4.3 4.7 5.0 5.4 6.1 6.6 7.2 Captain 7.7 9.6 10.1 11.3 12.1 12.7 13.0 13.5 Lieutenant and below 9.9 14.0 17.5 17.6 17.4 17.2 17.7 17.9

Other ranks 5.6 7.0 7.6 7.8 7.9 8.1 8.4 8.6

by rank: Warrant Ofﬁcer 1.2 2.0 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.9 3.1 3.4 Staff Sergeant 1.6 2.2 2.4 2.7 3.1 3.3 3.4 3.6 Sergeant 3.9 4.6 4.9 5.0 5.2 5.5 5.9 6.1 Corporal 5.3 6.4 6.8 7.0 7.6 8.4 9.0 9.7 Lance Corporal 5.4 6.6 7.8 8.6 9.3 9.4 9.7 9.3 Private (including juniors) 7.5 9.9 10.6 10.5 10.2 10.0 10.2 10.2 Source: DASA(Tri-Service) Excludes Gurkhas, Full Time Reserve Service personnel, the Home Service element of the Royal Irish Regiment, mobilised reservists and Naval Activated Reservists. 1. Includes equivalent ranks in the Naval Service and RAF. See Table 2.26. 2. Includes 260 female Naval Ofﬁcers of unknown rank. CHAPTER 2 - PERSONNEL

UK ARMED FORCES

Table 2.13 Strength of the reserve forces at 1 April each year1 1990 1997 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

Total Reserve 341.4 322.1 305.5 293.2 282.6 271.5 257.9r 245.0

Regular reserve 250.8 259.5 247.6 241.6 234.9 224.9 212.6 201.4 Naval Service 27.2 24.1 24.7 24.2 23.5 23.5 23.2 22.8 Royal Fleet Reserve2 13.6 10.0 10.6 10.1 9.8 10.2 10.3 10.7 52 of which mobilised 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Individuals liable to recall 13.6 14.1 14.1 14.0 13.8 13.4 12.8 12.0 Army 183.5 190.1 180.5 175.5 169.8 161.1 151.5 141.9 Army Reserve 65.8 41.2 34.9 34.5 33.7 33.4 32.4 31.2 of which mobilised .. .. 0.1 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.1 Individuals liable to recall 117.7 148.9 145.6 141.0 136.0 127.7 119.1 110.7 Royal Air Force 40.1 45.4 42.4 41.9 41.6 40.3 37.9 36.6 Royal Air Force Reserve 10.1 16.3 14.7 14.3 14.1 12.7 10.4 9.5 of which mobilised .. .. ------Individuals liable to recall 30.1 29.0 27.7 27.6 27.6 27.6 27.5 27.1 Volunteer reserve 90.6 || 62.5 57.8 51.5 47.6 46.6 r 45.3 r 43.7 Naval Service3 7.0 3.6 3.8 4.1 4.1 4.1 4.1 3.8 of which mobilised .. 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.4 0.1 Army 4,5,6 81.9 || 57.6 52.3 45.6 41.9 40.9 39.6 r 38.3 of which mobilised .. .. 0.5 0.8 0.4 0.5 4.1 2.9 Royal Air Force7 1.7 1.4 1.7 1.8 1.7 1.6 1.6 1.6 of which mobilised .. .. - - - 0.1 0.8 - Source: DASA(Tri-Service) 1. Figures exclude FTRS personnel. 2. Royal Fleet Reserve - Naval and Royal Fleet Reserve - Marine. 3. Excludes University Royal Navy Unit personnel. 4. Includes the Ulster Defence Regiment prior to 1 July 1992, when it merged with the Royal Irish Rangers and became the Home Service element of the Royal Irish Regiment. Full details can be found in Table 7.1. 5. Between 1983 and 1993 includes the Home Service Force. 6. Includes Ofﬁcer Training Corps and non-regular permanent staff. 7. Excludes University Air Squadron personnel.

Table 2.14 Strength of the cadet forces at 1 April each year 1990 1997 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Total cadet forces1 136.0 || 127.5 128.3 131.9 128.3 129.3 132.8 132.2 Naval Service2 26.2|| 20.7 19.9 19.7 19.1 18.9 18.7 18.2 Army 65.7 65.1 65.7 68.5 66.4 66.8 69.8 71.3 Royal Air Force 44.2 41.8 42.7 43.7 42.8 43.5 44.3 42.7 Source: DASA(Tri-Service) 1. The figures for each service include both single service cadet forces and an element of the Combined Cadet Force. Figures exclude officers, training and administrative staff except for Naval Service figures before 1993 where separate figures are not available. 2. Prior to 1993 includes officers and training staff. CHAPTER 2 - PERSONNEL

UK ARMED FORCES

Table 2.15 Intake of UK Regular forces from civil life1 by service

1990/91 1997/98 1999/00 2000/01 2001/02 2002/03 2003/04

All services 31 210 23 520 25 550 23 020 23 650 26 280 23 470 Officers 2 780 1 670 1 940 1 760 1 670 1 780 1 740 Officer cadets2 740 790 1 010 830 880 910 890 University cadets3 200 60 40 60 10 10 10 Other specialists4 and nursing services cadets 200 200 220 230 160 210 190 Other entrants5 1 640 620 670 640 620 650 640 Other ranks 28 420 21 850 23 610 21 260 21 970 24 500 21 730 53 Apprentices 1 610 1 210 1 580 1 270 1 250 1 350 750 Nursing services 350 120 170 160 140 220 170 Other adults and Army Single Entry6,7 18 220 19 180 20 230 16 970 17 480 19 940 17 110 Other young soldiers/airmen, juniors7,8 8 250 1 350 1 620 2 870 3 100 3 000 3 700 Naval service 6 910 4 600 4 950 4 620 5 010 5 220 4 120 Officers 550 370 410 450 410 420 340 Officer cadets2 . . 40 60 80 90 80 60 University cadets3 . . 10 - 20 10 10 10 Other specialists4 and nursing service cadets . . 30 40 50 20 50 50 Other entrants5 . . 290 300 290 280 280 230 Other ranks 6 360 4 230 4 540 4 180 4 600 4 800 3 780 Apprentices . . 190 390 440 370 350 390 Nursing services . . 40 30 30 40 50 40 Other adults6 . . 2 960 3 190 2 870 3 100 3 340 2 600 Other juniors8 . . 1 040 920 830 1 090 1 060 740 Army 17 500 15 400 16 500 14 770 14 850 16 610 15 190 Officers 1 450 900 1 050 870 820 900 880 Officer cadets2 . . 680 850 690 680 730 750 University cadets3 . . 30 20 20 - - - Other specialists4 and nursing service cadets . . 130 130 130 100 130 100 Other entrants5 . . 70 50 30 40 30 30 Other ranks 16 050 14 500 15 460 13 900 14 030 15 710 14 310 Apprentices . . 1 020 1 190 830 880 1 000 360 Nursing services . . 40 80 80 70 120 90 Other adults and Army Single Entry6,7 . . 13 440 13 830 11 380 11 500 13 120 11 350 Army Foundation College entrants . . - 360 1 610 1 580 1 480 2 520 Royal Air Force 6 800 3 530 4 100 3 630 3 780 4 450 4 160 Officers 780 400 480 440 450 460 520 Officer cadets2 . . 70 100 60 100 100 80 University cadets3 . . 20 20 20 - - - Other specialists4 and nursing service cadets . . 40 50 40 40 30 50 Other entrants5 . . 270 320 320 300 330 380 Other ranks 6 010 3 130 3 610 3 190 3 340 3 990 3 640 Apprentices . . ------Nursing services . . 40 60 50 40 50 40 Other adults6 . . 2 790 3 210 2 720 2 870 3 470 3 160 Other young airmen8 . . 310 340 430 420 460 450 Source: DASA(Tri-Service) 1. Includes trained entrants. Trained entrants are excluded from Tables 2.16 and 2.17. 2. Direct entrants from civil life. Graduate entrants for the Naval Service and the RAF are included with Other Entrants. 3. Entrants who then go on university courses. 4. Including chaplains, doctors, dentists, vets, and lawyers. 5. Including re-entrants and Naval Service and RAF graduate entrants. 6. Entrants over the age of 17½, but excluding Army Foundation College entrants, apprentices and entrants to the nursing services. 7. From 1993/94, Army adult and Young Soldier intakes were combined as Single Entry. 8. Entrants under the age of 17½, but excluding apprentices and entrants to the nursing services. CHAPTER 2 - PERSONNEL

UK ARMED FORCES

Table 2.16 Intake to Untrained Strength1 of UK Regular forces by ethnic origin and Service 1998/99 1999/00 2000/01 2001/022 2002/032 2003/042 All Services 25 420 25 100 22 710 .. 25 760 23 050 Officers 1 760 2 250 2 060 .. 2 020 1 950 White 1 215 2 025 1 975|| ...... Ethnic minorities 25 25 40|| ...... Unknown3 515 195 45|| ...... Other ranks 23 660 22 850 20 640 .. 23 730 21 100 White 23 130 22 085 19 595|| .. 20 350p 18 720p 54 Ethnic minorities 420 710 1 045|| .. 2 455p 1 875p of which, Fijians, Vincencians and St Lucians - 310 450|| .. 935p 315p Unknown3 115 60 10|| .. 930p 500p Naval Service 4 800 5 040 4 680 .. 5 200 4 060 Officers 490 520 570 .. 530 420 White 480 515 560|| .. 490p 395p Ethnic minorities 5 5 10|| .. 15p ~p Unknown3 - - -|| .. 25rp 25p Other ranks 4 320 4 520 4 100 .. 4 670 3 640 White 4 245 4 455 4 025|| .. 3 540rp 3 045p Ethnic minorities 70 65 80|| .. 265p 125p of which, Vincencians - - -|| .. 145p -p Unknown3 - - -|| .. 870p 470p Army 16 200 15 760 14 200 .. 15 960 14 700 Officers 670 1 040 850 .. 880 880 White 325 1 035 835|| .. 835p 850p Ethnic minorities 5 5 15|| .. 25p 30p Unknown3 340 - ~|| .. 25p ~p Other ranks 15 530 14 720 13 350 .. 15 070 13 820 White 15 195 14 105 12 440|| .. 12 925rp 12 115p Ethnic minorities 305 605 910|| .. 2 100p 1 695p of which, Fijians, Vincencians and St Lucians - 310 450|| .. 790p 315p Unknown3 30 10 -|| .. 45rp 10p Royal Air Force 4 420 4 300 3 830 .. 4 600 4 290 Officers 600 680 640 .. 610 650 White 410 475 580|| ...... Ethnic minorities 15 15 15|| ...... Unknown3 175 195 40|| ...... Other ranks 3 820 3 610 3 190 .. 3 990 3 640 White 3 690 3 525 3 130|| .. 3 885p 3 560p Ethnic minorities 45 40 55|| .. 85p 55p Unknown3 85 50 10|| .. 15p 25p Ethnic Minorities as a percentage4 of total (exc Unknown) All personnel 1.8 1.7 2.9|| ...... Officers 1.9 1.3 2.1|| ...... Naval Service 1.2 1.3 2.1|| .. 2.8p 0.5p Army 1.5 0.6 1.5|| .. 2.9p 3.2p Royal Air Force 3.1 2.9 2.9|| ...... Other ranks5 1.8 1.8 2.9|| .. 7.0rp 7.7p Naval Service5 1.6 1.4 1.9|| .. 3.3p 3.9p Army5 2.0 2.0 3.6|| .. 9.2p 10.2p Royal Air Force 1.2 1.2 1.7|| .. 2.2p 1.6p Source: DASA(Tri-Service) ~ fewer than 5 or a percentage based on fewer than 5 instances. Data have been rounded to preserve confidentiality. 1. Excludes trained entrants. 2. Due to the exercise to recode individuals in line with the new 2001 Population Census codes, figures for 2001/02 are not available. Figures for 2002/03 and 2003/04 are provisional. 3. Includes those with an unrecorded ethnic origin and non-responses. 4. Percentages are calculated from unrounded data. 5. Excludes Fijians, Vincencians and St Lucians recruited en bloc, but includes Commonwealth citizens joining in the UK. CHAPTER 2 - PERSONNEL

UK ARMED FORCES

Table 2.17 Intake to Untrained Strength1 of UK Regular Forces by sex and Service 1997/98 1999/00 2000/01 2001/02 2002/03 2003/04

Females: total 3 280 3 100 2 560 2 680 3 180 2 660 Ofﬁcers: total 360 390 360 320 370 360 Naval Service 80 80 90 70 70 60 Army 160 170 150 130 170 140 Royal Air Force 120 140 120 120 130 160 Other ranks: total 2 920 2 710 2 200 2 350 2 810 2 300 Naval Service 560 630 540 680 720 510 55 Army 1 780 1 480 1 100 1 060 1 300 1 060 Royal Air Force 590 600 560 610 790 730

Males: total 19 650 22 000 20 150 20 710 22 580 20 390 Ofﬁcers: total 1 540 1 860 1 710 1 680 1 660 1 590 Naval Service 380 440 480 480 450 370 Army 720 870 710 680 720 740 Royal Air Force 440 540 520 520 490 490 Other ranks: total 18 110 20 140 18 440 19 030 20 920 18 800 Naval Service 3 650 3 890 3 560 3 860 3 950 3 130 Army 11 930 13 240 12 250 12 450 13 770 12 760 Royal Air Force 2 540 3 010 2 640 2 730 3 200 2 910

Females as a percentage of total 14.3 12.4 11.3 11.4 12.3 11.5 Ofﬁcers: total 18.8 17.4 17.3 16.1 18.1 18.3 Naval Service 17.2 15.2 15.4 12.4 14.0 13.2 Army 17.8 16.3 17.3 16.3 18.8 16.1 Royal Air Force 21.6 20.8 18.8 19.1 20.5 24.7 Other ranks: total 13.9 11.9 10.7 11.0 11.8 10.9 Naval Service 13.2 13.9 13.3 15.0 15.5 14.0 Army 13.0 10.1 8.3 7.9 8.6 7.7 Royal Air Force 18.9 16.6 17.4 18.3 19.7 20.1 Source: DASA(Tri-Service) 1. Excludes trained entrants.

Table 2.18 Gains to the trained strength1 of UK Regular Forces by Service

1997/98 1999/00 2000/01 2001/02 2002/03 2003/04 All Services1 .. 17 660 16 600 16 350 18 820 19 070 Officers: total .. 1 930 1 860 1 960 2 160 2 150 Naval Service .. 450 410 390 470 480 Army .. 960 930 1 000 1 110 1 070 Royal Air Force .. 520 510 570 580 600 Other ranks: total .. 15 730 14 750 14 390 16 660 16 920 Naval Service .. 3 240 2 720 2 510 3 020 2 840 Army .. 9 660 9 510 9 350 10 830 10 920 Royal Air Force .. 2 840 2 520 2 530 2 820 3 160 Source: DASA(Tri-Service) 1. Gains to Trained Strength (GTS) represent those who are added to the trained strength, usually having just completed their training and thus transferring from the untrained strength. However, because of the nature of the data we draw from, this has had to be inferred by adding trained outflow to the net change in trained strength. Personnel who have transferred from the untrained to trained strength and back again (or vice versa) within the period shown are thus excluded. Direct entries to the trained strength are included in GTS, such as trained re-entrants, professionally qualified officers (PQO) and FTRS. Fluctuations in GTS reflect changes in GTS targets as well as the degree of success in meeting them. CHAPTER 2 - PERSONNEL

UK ARMED FORCES

Table 2.19 Outﬂow1 from UK Regular forces by Service and whether trained or untrained

1990/912 1997/98 1999/00 2000/01 2001/02 2002/03 2003/04

All Services 39 080 24 350r 26 620r 24 950r 24 710r 24 100r 23 400 Ofﬁcers 3 710 2 280r 2 290r 2 290r 2 300r 2 080r 2 040 Trained .. 2 040r 1 950r 1 920r 1 970r 1 720r 1 740 as a percentage of trained strength3 .. 6.9 6.7r 6.6r 6.8r 5.9r 5.8 56 Untrained .. 240 330 380 320 350 310 Other ranks 35 370 22 070 24 330 22 650 22 420 22 030 21 360 Trained .. 16 350 16 100 15 680 15 960 15 130 14 730 as a percentage of trained strength3 .. 10.1 10.2r 10.1r 10.4 9.9 9.6 Untrained .. 5 720 8 230 6 970 6 450 6 900 6 640

Naval Service 8 110 5 270 5 800 5 040 5 800 5 300 4 770 Ofﬁcers 800 620 570 480 530 510 470 Trained .. 500 500 410 450 390 380 as a percentage of trained strength3 .. 7.3 7.7 6.2 6.9r 6.0 5.7 Untrained .. 120 70 80 80 120 90 Other ranks 7 310 4 650 5 230 4 550 5 270 4 780 4 300 Trained .. 3 560 3 610 3 120 3 590 3 170 3 060 as a percentage of trained strength3 .. 10.4 11.3r 9.9r 11.7r 10.5r 10.3 Untrained .. 1 080 1 610 1 430 1 680 1 620 1 250

Army 22 820 14 470r 16 200r 15 230r 14 380r 14 560r 14 600 Ofﬁcers4 1 860 1 040r 1 120r 1 150r 1 090r 980r 950 Trained .. 960r 890r 900r 900r 800r 780 as a percentage of trained strength3 .. 7.5 7.0r 7.0r 7.0r 6.1r 5.8 Untrained .. 80 220 260 190 180 170 Other ranks 20 960 13 430 15 090 14 080 13 290 13 580 13 640 Trained .. 9 250 9 110 9 180 9 090 8 870 8 790 as a percentage of trained strength3 .. 10.9 10.9 11.0 10.9r 10.5 10.3 Untrained .. 4 180 5 980 4 900 4 200 4 700 4 850

Royal Air Force 8 150 4 610 4 620 4 680 4 530 4 250 4 040 Officers 1 050 620 600 660 670 580 620 Trained .. 580 560 610 620 530 580 as a percentage of trained strength3 .. 5.9r 5.7r 6.3r 6.5r 5.5 6.0 Untrained .. 40 40 40 50 50 40 Other ranks 7 090 3 990 4 020 4 020 3 860 3 670 3 410 Trained .. 3 540 3 380 3 380 3 290 3 090 2 880 as a percentage of trained strength3 .. 8.2r 8.1r 8.3r 8.3r 7.9r 7.4 Untrained .. 450 640 640 570 580 530 Source: DASA(Tri-Service) 1. Does not include promotion to officer from other ranks. 2. Separate figures for trained and untrained outflow are not readily available for this year. 3. Calculated as a percentage of the average trained strength over the year. 4. The definition of outflow has changed from that previously included in UKDS. From 1997/98, Officer outflow figures include miscellaneous outflow. CHAPTER 2 - PERSONNEL

UK ARMED FORCES

Charts to Tables 2.15 & 2.19 Intake and Outﬂow of UK Regular Forces

Table 2.15 shows recent trends in the intake from civil life to the Services. Intake of Officers during 2003/04 was down 2 per cent on the previous year and 10 per cent on the 1999/00 figure. Other ranks intake during 2003/04 was down 11 per cent on the previous year and 8 per cent on the 1999/00 figure. However intake in both 1999/00 and 2002/03 was particularly high compared with recent years.

Table 2.19 shows recent trends in the outflow of both trained and untrained personnel from the Services. It shows that between 14 and 18 per cent of officer outflow and between 28 and 34 per cent of other ranks outflow was from the untrained strength between 1999/00 and 2003/04. The proportions in 1997/98 were a little lower reflecting the lower rate of training wastage in that year. 57 Intake and Outflow of UK Regular Officers Thousands Thousands � 5

Intake 4 4 Outflow

3 Net flow 3

2 2

1 1

0 0

-1 -1

-2 -2

-3 -3

-4 -4

-5 -5 1980/81 1983/84 1986/87 1989/90 1992/93 1995/96 1998/99 2001/02

Intake and Outﬂow of UK Regular Other Ranks

Thousands Thousands ��

Intake 40 40 Outflow 30 Net flow 30

20 20

10 10

0 0

-10 -10

-20 -20

-30 -30

-40 -40

-50 -50 1980/81 1983/84 1986/87 1989/90 1992/93 1995/96 1998/99 2001/02 CHAPTER 2 - PERSONNEL

UK ARMED FORCES

Table 2.20 Outflow1 from Trained Strength to civil life of UK Regular forces by Service by ethnic origin 1997/98 1999/00 2000/01 2001/022 2002/032 2003/042 All Services 18 390 18 050r 17 600r .. 16 850r 16 460 Officers 2 040r 1 950r 1 920r .. 1 720r 1 740 White 2 015r 1 930r 1 895r|| .. 1 400r 1 565 Ethnic minorities 20r 20 15 || .. 50 40 Unknown3 5 ~ ~ || .. 270r 135 Other ranks 16 350 16 100 15 680 .. 15 130 14 730 58 White 16 060 15 870 15 430 || .. 11 700 12 640 Ethnic minorities 190 165 185 || .. 425 425 Unknown3 100 60 65 || .. 3 005 1 660 Naval Service 4 060 4 120 3 530 .. 3 560 3 440 Officers 500 500 410 .. 390 380 White 495 495 400 || .. 345 350 Ethnic minorities 5 5 ~ || .. 10 5 Unknown3 - - - || .. 40 25 Other ranks 3 560 3 610 3 120 .. 3 170 3 060 White 3 540 3 590 3 095 || .. 2 665 2 725 Ethnic minorities 25 25 30 || .. 55 50 Unknown3 - - - || .. 445 285 Army 10 210r 10 000r 10 070r .. 9 670r 9 570 Officers5 960r 890r 900r .. 800r 780 White 950r 885r 890 r|| .. 660r 705 Ethnic minorities 5 5 5 || .. 20 15 Unknown3 ~ ~ - || .. 120 60 Other ranks 9 250 9 110 9 180 .. 8 870 8 790 White 9 065 8 940 8 995 || .. 6 675 7 410 Ethnic minorities 105 110 115 || .. 290 320 Unknown3 80 60 65 || .. 1 910 1 060 Royal Air Force 4 120 3 940 4 000 .. 3 620 3 460 Officers 580 560 610 .. 530 580 White 575 550 605 || .. 395r 510 Ethnic minorities 5 10 5 || .. 25 15 Unknown3 ~ ~ ~ || .. 110r 50 Other ranks 3 540 3 380 3 380 .. 3 090 2 880 White 3 455 3 345 3 340 || .. 2 360 2 505 Ethnic minorities 60 35 40 || .. 80 55 Unknown3 20 - ~ || .. 650 320 Ethnic minorities as a percentage4 of total (exc Unknown) All personnel 1.1 1.0 1.2 || .. 3.5 3.2 Officers 0.9 r 1.1 0.9 || .. 3.6r 2.4 Naval Service 1.2 1.4 ~ || .. 2.3 2.0 Army5 0.6 r 0.7 0.7 || .. 2.9r 2.1 Royal Air Force 1.0 1.4 1.1 || .. 5.7 3.2 Other ranks 1.2 1.0 1.2 || .. 3.5 3.3 Naval Service 0.7 0.7 1.0 || .. 2.0 1.8 Army 1.1 1.2 1.3 || .. 4.1r 4.2 Royal Air Force 1.8 1.0 1.2 || .. 3.3 2.1 Source: DASA(Tri-Service) ~ fewer than 5 or a percentage based on fewer than 5 instances. Data have been rounded to preserve confidentiality. 1. Does not include promotions to officer from ranks. 2. Due to the exercise to recode individuals in line with the new 2001 Population Census codes, figures for 2001/02 are not available. Figures for 2002/03 onwards are final. 3. Includes those with an unrecorded ethnic origin and non-responses. 4. Percentages are calculated from unrounded data. 5. The definition of outflow has changed from that previously included in UKDS. From 1997/98, Officer outflow figures include miscellaneous outflow. CHAPTER 2 - PERSONNEL

UK ARMED FORCES

Table 2.21 Outﬂow1 from trained UK Regular forces by sex and reason for leaving 1990/91 1997/98 1999/00 2000/01 2001/02 2002/03 2003/04

All trained personnel 28 820 18 390 18 050r 17 600r 17 930r 16 850r 16 460 Trained ofﬁcers 2 760 2 040r 1 950r 1 920r 1 970r 1 720r 1 740 Male 2 450 1 860 1 810r 1 730r 1 810r 1 530 1 580 Age, option point and time 1 130 980 830 770 760 710 700 Full career: age2 440 420 400 400 470 420 430 Full career: option point3 190 160 190 190 170 180 170 59 Short career: time4 460 380 240 180 120 100 90 Short career: option5 40 20 10 10 - - - Redundancies ------Premature voluntary release 1 180 790 840 850 950 710 760 Medical reasons and death 100 70 70 80 50 80 60 Other reasons6, 7 40 20 70r 30r 50r 40r 50 Female 310 180 140 190 160 190r 160 Age, option point and time 180 100 60 80 50 70 50 Full career: age2 10 - 10 10 10 10 - Full career: option point3 10 20 10 20 20 20 20 Short career: time4 150 80 40 50 30 40 20 Short career: option5 ------Redundancies ------Premature voluntary release 120 60 60 90 90 100 100 Medical reasons and death - 10 10 10 10 10 10 Other reasons6, 7 10 - 10r 10 10 20r -

Trained other ranks 26 060 16 350 16 100 15 680 15 960 15 130 14 730 Male 24 070 14 880 14 700 14 290 14 540 13 740 13 390 End of engagement 5 330 4 240r 4 060r 3 980r 3 650r 3 590r 2 970 Redundancies ------Premature voluntary release 15 640 7 970 7 750 7 330 7 700 6 830 6 720 Service no longer required, disciplinary and other reasons6 1 850 1 500r 1 770r 1 940r 2 170r 2 390r 2 820 Medical reasons and death 1 120 1 110 1 060 980 980 900 830 Compassionate release 130 60 60 60 40 40 50 Female 1 990 1 470 1 400 1 390 1 420 1 390 1 330 End of engagement 160 150r 150 130r 170 180 100 Redundancies ------Premature voluntary release 1 650 1 090 990 990 1 000 900 910 of which: Marriage 540 ------Pregnancy 350 180 190 220 190 200 170 Service no longer required, disciplinary and other reasons6 150 110r 120 140r 130 170 200 Medical reasons and death 30 110 120 110 120 120 100 Compassionate release 10 20 20 20 20 20 20 Source: DASA(Tri-Service) 1. Does not include promotions to officer from other ranks. 2. RN/RM: completion of Full Term Commission; Army: completion of Regular Career Commission; RAF: exit at Normal Retirement Date. 3. RN/RM: completion of Career Commission; Army: completion of Intermediate Regular Commission; RAF: exit at Initial or Optional Retirement Date (typically aged 38-44 years). 4. RN/RM:Completion of an Initial Commission (Short Career Commission before 1999); Army/RAF:Short Service Commission. 5. RAF only: 8 year break-point in Short Service Commission or 8 or 12 year breakpoint in other commissions. 6. Includes dismissal. 7. The definition of outflow has changed from that previously included in UKDS. From 1997/98, Officer outflow figures include miscellaneous outflow. CHAPTER 2 - PERSONNEL

UK ARMED FORCES

Table 2.22 Outﬂow1 from UK Regular Forces by sex and Service

1990/91 1997/98 1999/00 2000/01 2001/02 2002/03 2003/04

Females: total 3 060 2 490 2 750r 2 430 2 350 2 340r 2 200 Ofﬁcers: total 360 230r 210r 260r 220 240 220 Naval Service 40 60 30 40 40 50 30 Army2 180 100 120 160r 110 140r 110 Royal Air Force 140 60 50 60 70 60 70 60 Other ranks: total 2 700 2 260 2 540 2 180 2 130 2 090 1 990 Naval Service 640 560 600 510 650 570 510 Army 1 060 1 180 1 450 1 180 980 1 000 980 Royal Air Force 1 000 530 490 490 500 520 500

Males: total 36 020 21 860 23 870r 22 520r 22 360r 21 770r 21 200 Ofﬁcers: total 3 350 2 060r 2 080r 2 040r 2 070r 1 830r 1 830 Naval Service 760 560 540 440 490 470 440 Army2 1 680 930 990r 1 000r 980r 850r 840 Royal Air Force 920 560 550 600 600 510 550 Other ranks: total 32 670 19 800 21 790 20 480 20 290 19 940 19 370 Naval Service 6 670 4 090 4 620 4 040 4 620 4 210 3 800 Army 19 910 12 260 13 640 12 900 12 310 12 570 12 660 Royal Air Force 6 090 3 460 3 530 3 540 3 360 3 150 2 920

Females as a percentage of total 7.8 10.2 10.3 9.7 9.5 9.7 9.4 Officers: total 9.7 9.9 9.0r 11.1 9.8r 11.8r 10.6 Naval Service 5.1 10.3 5.4 9.1 8.1 9.3 7.2 Army2 9.9 10.1r 11.2r 13.4 10.4r 13.7r 11.6 Royal Air Force 12.8 9.3 8.3 8.5 10.1 10.8r 11.4 Other ranks: total 7.6 10.3 10.4 9.6 9.5 9.5 9.3 Naval Service 8.7 12.0 11.5 11.2 12.3 11.9 11.8 Army 5.0 8.8 9.6 8.4 7.4 7.4 7.2 Royal Air Force 14.2 13.3 12.1 12.1 12.9 14.1 14.5 Source: DASA(Tri-Service) 1. Does not include promotions to officer from other ranks. 2. The definition of outflow has changed from that previously included in UKDS. From 1997/98, Officer outflow figures include miscellaneous outflow. CHAPTER 2 - PERSONNEL

UK ARMED FORCES

Deaths in the Regular Armed Forces

Tables 2.23 to 2.24 show the numbers who died in the Regular Armed Forces analysed by cause.

Deaths

In 2003, the number of deaths recorded in the Regular Armed Forces was 170, compared with 148 in 2002 and 216 in 1994 (table 2.23). The death rate among the Armed Forces was 82 per 100,000 in 2003 compared with 89 per 100,000 in 1994 (see chart). The rate has remained below that recorded for the UK population as a whole throughout the period, once allowance has been made for the different age and sex composition of the Armed Forces. The biggest single cause of death was road trafﬁc accidents (29 per cent). Deaths from Other injuries accounted for 61 26 per cent and 22 per cent were killed in Action. (table 2.24).

Sources and methods

Deaths are compiled from four sources: signals sent from each of the Services; information from casualty branches; pay and personnel systems and medical events documents. These sources are cross-checked to ensure data quality and completeness. Figures include deaths on and off duty and both trained and untrained personnel. For this publication, suicide and open verdict deaths in 2003 are included in the ‘Other injuries’ category. There is often a time lag of several months before information on these deaths reaches DASA, and so data for 2003 are not complete. In August 2003, DASA released a separate analysis on suicides within the Regular Armed Forces for the period 1984 to 2003. This may be found on the DASA web site at: www.dasa.mod.uk/reports/suicide.pdf

Causes of death from disease are coded according to the International Statistical Classiﬁcation of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD), version 10. Causes of death from injury are analysed according to the NATO Forces Supplement of the ICD (STANAG 2050, 1962 revised 1989). In cases of multiple cause of death, only the main cause is presented here.

Standardised death rates for the Services are calculated using a ﬁxed age and sex structure over the whole period, in this case that for 2003. This eliminates changes in death rates caused simply by changes in the age and sex structure of the Services, and reveals the underlying picture. The UK population death rates used for the chart have used these same age and sex proportions to give a comparable rate. The UK population ﬁgure for 2003 is a projection. CHAPTER 2 - PERSONNEL

UK ARMED FORCES

Table 2.23 Deaths of UK Regular Forces personnel by service, 1994 to 2003, numbers and rates

Numbers of deaths 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 Total 216 201 142 160 162 139 148 140 148r 170 Naval Service 37 31 27 39 26 26 25 33 27 37 Army 127 108 81 88 94 81 89 78 94 94 Royal Air Force 52 62 34 33 42 32 34 29 27r 39 Death rates per 100,000 strength1 62 Total 89 94 64 80 77 67 72 68 72 82 Naval Service 70 57 63 86 63 61 62 79 66 90 Army 109 98 73 92 85 72 81 71 85 79 Royal Air Force 61 83 44 49 64 49 62 48 52 75 Source: DASA(Healthstats) 1. The rates for each year have been standardised to the 2003 tri-Service strength. 2. The number of deaths in the RAF in 2002 has been updated compared to previous editions of UKDS from 23 to 27 to include late reporting.

Standardised death rates of UK Regulars by Service and compared with the total UK population

150

120

60 Deaths per 100,000 strength or population

Naval Service Army RAF Tri-service UK population 0 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

The UK population figure for 2003 is a projection CHAPTER 2 - PERSONNEL

UK ARMED FORCES

Table 2.24 Causes of deaths of UK Regular Forces personnel in 2003, numbers and rates Numbers of deaths All Naval Service Army RAF Total 170 37 94 39 Disease-related conditions 33 6 14 13 of which: Cancers1 17 3 6 8 Diseases of the circulatory system2 8 2 2 4 Other diseases 8 1 6 1 Injury or poisoning-related conditions 131 30 77 24 63 Circumstances and external cause: Killed in Action3 37 13 22 2 RTAs4 49 10 28 11 Other injuries5 45 7 27 11 Cause information not yet available 6 1 3 2 Mortality rates per 100,000 strength Total 82 90 79 75 Disease-related conditions 16 14 14 19 of which: Cancers1 8 7 6 11 Diseases of the circulatory system2 4 4 2 7 Other diseases 4 2 6 1 Injury or poisoning-related conditions 63 74 63 52 Circumstances and external cause: Killed in Action3 18 31 19 3 RTAs4 24 25 22 22 Other injuries5 22 18 21 27 Cause information not yet available 3 3 3 3 Source: DASA(Healthstats) 1. Cancers: includes both malignant, in situ and benign neoplasms. 2. Includes deaths due to heart disease and to cerebro-vascular disease. 3. In 2003, 6 Armed Forces personnel were killed in “friendly fire” incidents in Iraq, and were classed as “Killed in Action” by the Armed Forces Casualty branches. An additional “friendly-fire” incident led to the death of one other serviceman, who later died from the wounds sustained who is included in the category “Other injuries”. 4. Road traffic accidents (excludes 1 case which occurred during the conflict in Iraq which has been classed as “Killed in Action”). 5. Other Injuries: all other accidental and violent deaths including suicide and Open verdicts deaths. 6. Due to rounding the rates for different causes do not always sum to the total rate. 7. Deaths due to disease-related conditions have been coded to the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD), Version 10. 8. External cause and circumstances of deaths due to injury have been grouped according to the terminology in use by the Armed Forces Casualty branches. Other Cause information Deaths by selected causes in 2003 diseases not yet available 5% 4%

Disease of the circulatory system 5% Road traffic accidents Cancers 29% 10%

Killed in action 22% Other injuries 26% CHAPTER 2 - PERSONNEL

UK ARMED FORCES

Table 2.25 Military salaries: illustrative rates and indices (1990/91=100) 1990/91 1999/00 2000/01 2001/02 2002/03 2003/04 2004/05 Military salaries Index1: all ranks2 100 154 161 172r 179 185r 191 Senior ofﬁcers (Major General and above) 100 161 167 175 180 184 190 Ofﬁcers (up to Brigadier) 100 154 161 168 175 181 187 Other ranks (Sergeant and above) 100 154r 160 177r 183 190r 195 Other ranks (up to corporal) 100 153 160 172 179 186 191 Illustrative rates3 of annual military salary (in terms of Army ranks) 64 Pay 2000 Pay System4 General Level 1 ...... 116 837 119 758 122 453 125 882 Brigadier Level 3 ...... 72 620 75 307 77 929 79 891 Colonel Level 4 ...... 61 619 63 901 66 125 67 791 Lieutenant Colonel Level 9 ...... 56 586 58 681 60 723 62 254

Major Level 9 ...... 43 472 45 297 46 874 48 056 Captain Level 9 ...... 34 270 35 708 36 951 37 883 Lieutenant Level 8 ...... 23 787 24 667 25 525 26 167 2nd Lieutenant Level 5 ...... 18 798 19 495 20 174 20 681

Warrant Ofﬁcer I Level 6 H ...... 34 850 36 464 37 735 38 686 Warrant Ofﬁcer II Level 7 H ...... 32 109 33 295 34 455 35 325 Staff Sergeant Level 4 L ...... 27 160 28 163 29 145 29 879 Sergeant Level 3 H ...... 26 313 27 287 28 237 28 948

Corporal Level 3 H ...... 23 181 24 039 24 877 25 503 Lance Corporal Level 7 H ...... 20 166 20 911 21 638 22 185 Private Level 2 L ...... 12 782 13 319 13 849 14 253 Source: DASA(Pay & Pensions) 1. Indices are based on average daily rates of pay during the year. The indices have been revised, with weights taken at 1 April 2003. Where the pay award was staged, an appropriate weighted average of the rates actually in force has been used. 2. Equivalent ranks in the Naval Service and Royal Air Force are shown in Table 2.26. 3. The illustrative rates of annual military salary are calculated using the Pay Review Bodies’ ﬁgures for the appropriate year. 4. In the course of 2001/02, a new pay system, Pay 2000, was introduced for ofﬁcers and other ranks. For other ranks this involved the introduction of Higher (H) and Lower (L) incremental pay ranges to which personnel are assigned in accordance with their trade or specialisation. This replaced the old spot rate system with length of service increments, where other ranks would remain on the same pay point unless, or until, they were promoted. Under the new system, personal progress is annually subject to satisfactory performance. The rate shown for each rank is the pay level with the largest number of people at 1 April 2003. Comparison of military salaries index with movements in earnings and prices

1990/91 = 100 200 200

Average earnings index Retail prices index Military salaries index

150 150

100 100

50 50

0 0 1980/81 1983/83 1986/87 1989/90 1992/93 1995/96 1998/99 2001/02 CHAPTER 2 - PERSONNEL

UK ARMED FORCES

Table 2.26 NATO Rank Codes and UK Service Ranks NATO Code Royal Navy1 Royal Marines2 Army Royal Air Force Officers OF-10 Admiral of the Fleet - Field Marshal Marshal of the RAF OF-9 Admiral General General Air Chief Marshal OF-8 Vice Admiral Lieutenant General Lieutenant General Air Marshal OF-7 Rear Admiral Major General Major General Air Vice-Marshal OF-6 Commodore Brigadier Brigadier Air Commodore OF-5 Captain Colonel Colonel Group Captain 65 OF-4 Commander Lieutenant Colonel Lieutenant Colonel Wing Commander OF-3 Lieutenant Commander Major Major Squadron Leader OF-2 Lieutenant Captain Captain Flight Lieutenant Lieutenant/2nd Lieutenant/2nd OF-1 Sub-Lieutenant Flying Officer/Pilot Officer Lieutenant Lieutenant OF(D) Midshipman - Officer Cadet Officer Designate Other Ranks OR-9 Warrant Officer Class 1 Warrant Officer Class 1 Warrant Officer Class 1 Warrant Officer OR-8 Warrant Officer Class 2 Warrant Officer Class 2 Warrant Officer Class 2 - Flight Sergeant/ OR-7 Chief Petty Officer Colour Sergeant Staff Sergeant Chief Technician OR-6 Petty Officer Sergeant Sergeant Sergeant OR-4 Leading Rate Corporal Corporal Corporal OR-3 - - Lance Corporal - Junior Technician/ OR-2 Able Rating3 Marine3 Private (Classes 1 to 3) Leading Aircraftman/ Senior Aircraftman OR-1 - - Private (Class 4)/Junior Aircraftman Source: DGMO 1. The Royal Navy introduced a Warrant Officer Class 2 on 1 April 2004. 2. Royal Marine officer ranks were aligned with those of the Army on 1 July 1999. 3. The rates of Able Rating and Ordinary Seaman were merged on 1 April 1999 as were the corresponding ranks of Marine 1st class and Marine 2nd class. The ranks of Junior Rating and Junior Marine were also abolished.

Civilian equivalents to military ranks

NATO Ministry of Defence civilian Code grade equivalent OF-10 Permanent Under Secretary/ OF-9 } 2nd Permanent Under Secretary OF-8 SCS1 3-star2 OF-7 SCS1 2-star3 OF-6 SCS1 1-star4 - Band B15 OF-5 Band B26 OF-4 Band C17 OF-3 Band C28 OF-2 Band D9 Source: DGMO

1. Senior Civil Service. 2. Formerly Grade 2, Deputy Under Secretary. 3. Formerly Grade 3, Assistant Under Secretary. 4. Formerly Grades 4 and 5, Executive Director and Assistant Secretary. 5. Formerly Grade 6, Senior Principal Officer and equivalents. 6. Formerly Grade 7, Principal Officer and equivalents. 7. Formerly Senior Executive Officer and equivalents. 8. Formerly Higher Executive Officer and equivalents. 9. Formerly Executive Officer and equivalents. CHAPTER 2 - PERSONNEL

CIVILIAN PERSONNEL

Deﬁnition of the Ministry of Defence Civilian Workforce

Introduction

In previous years, the Ministry of Defence civilian workforce definition has reflected the historical requirement to understand the number of civil servants being directly funded. However with changes in employment legislation and the requirement to plan the future of the civilian workforce there was a need to change the definition to a more inclusive one better reflecting modern human resources methods and policies. In the longer term it will be used for skills planning, ensuring that the Ministry of Defence has a well-equipped workforce able to provide the best support to the UK Armed Forces.

66 In summary, the change over previous years is the addition of two further categories of individuals:

• Casual staff – those employed on a short-term casual contract; • Those not directly funded - those staff who are employed by the Ministry of Defence, but whose salaries are paid for by another Department/Agency etc. This includes staff on loan to other government departments or working for NATO, as well as those on a career break or long term sickness absence.

These additions allow two levels of deﬁnition to be established:

• Deﬁnition – Level 1 This includes permanent and casual personnel, Royal Fleet Auxiliaries, but excludes Trading Funds. This is generally used for internal reporting and planning. • Deﬁnition – Level 0 This contains all those at Level 1 plus Trading Funds and Locally Engaged Civilians. This is used for external reporting, including National Statistics publications CPS1 and UKDS, and Parliamentary business.

For more information on the revised civilian workforce deﬁnition, visit: www.dasa.mod.uk/natstats/consultation/consultation.html CHAPTER 2 - PERSONNEL

CIVILIAN PERSONNEL

Table 2.27 Civilian personnel1 numbers by broad category, as at 1 April each year, thousands FTE 1993 19972 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Level 0 Civilian 159.6 || 133.3 126.3 123.0 121.3 118.2|| 110.1 107.6 109.1 Level 1 Civilian 132.7 || 101.9 97.1 94.1 91.9 86.0 83.6 81.5 82.2 Trading Funds * || 15.5 14.0 14.0 14.5 18.8|| 12.4 12.2 11.4 Locally engaged 26.8 || 15.9 15.2 14.9 14.8 13.3 14.1 13.8 15.4

Level 1 Civilian - Permanent 128.1 || 96.6 92.9 90.0 88.2 82.4 79.7 77.9 78.8 Non-industrial 86.3 || 67.4 66.4 65.3 64.9 62.5 62.2 62.5 64.4 Industrial 41.8 || 29.2 26.5 24.6 23.3 19.9 17.4 15.4 14.4 67 Level 1 Civilian - Casual3 2.4 || 3.1 1.9 1.8 1.3 1.2 1.5 1.2 1.1 Non-industrial 1.4 || 2.0 1.2 1.3 0.9 0.9 1.2 0.8 0.8 Industrial 1.0 || 1.1 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 Level 1 Civilian - RFA 2.2 || 2.2 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.5 2.3 Non-industrial 0.7 || 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8 1.0 1.1 Industrial 1.5 || 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.5 1.5 1.2

Trading Funds 0.0 || 15.5 14.0 14.0 14.5 18.8|| 12.4 12.2 11.4 Permanent 0.0 || 15.2 13.7 13.7 14.2 18.5|| 12.3 12.1 11.3 Casual3 0.0 || 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3|| 0.1 0.2 0.1

Locally engaged personnel5 26.8 || 15.9 15.2 14.9 14.8 13.3 14.1 13.8 15.4 Non-industrial 9.6 || 7.0 6.7 6.7 6.7 6.3 6.5 6.5 7.3 Industrial 17.2 || 8.9 8.4 8.1 8.2 7.0 7.6 7.4 8.1 Source: DASA(Civilian) 1. This table uses the revised definition of civilian personnel (see Definition of the Ministry of Defence Civilian Workforce between tables 2.26 and 2.27). 2. From 1 April 1995 the method of counting part-time staff changed to reflect the actual hours worked (about 60% of full-time hours, on average) rather than the notional 50% used previously. Figures from 1996 onwards include locally employed dependents of Service personnel. 3. Casual staff are usually engaged for less than 12 months. 4. The following changes have affected the continuity of the civilian data: Contractorisations of Atomic Weapons Establishment (1993 - 6,000), removal of GCHQ personnel from 1994, QinetiQ portion of the Defence Evaluation and Research Agency was established as a private company (2001 - 8,000), War Pensions Agency transfer from Department of Work & Pensions (2001 - 800), Contractorisations of Clyde Dockyards (2002 - 1,800). 5. Locally Engaged figures include manually paid staff overseas until 2001.

Civilian personnel 1993 to 2004 200 Locally Engaged Trading Funds Civilian Level 1 150

100 Thousands FTE

0 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 CHAPTER 2 - PERSONNEL

CIVILIAN PERSONNEL

Table 2.28 Civilian personnel1 by function and grade equivalence at 1 April each year, FTE Number: FTE Function2 and grade3 1997 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Total Ministry of Defence Level 0 133 330 123 010 121 290 118 170II 110 090 107 580 109 050 Senior Civil Service and Equivalent 4 350 330 310 310II 300 300 300 Pay Band B 2 260 2 280 2 240 2 240II 2 380 2 470 2 520 Pay Band C 14 880 15 260 15 230 15 230II 15 550 15 840 16 900 Pay Band D 16 280 15 270 14 910 14 180II 14 390 14 140 14 480 Pay Band E 35 550 33 420 33 030 31 290II 30 590 29 580 29 890 68 Other non-industrial 5 760 810 830 840II 1 030 2 000 2 180 Industrial 31 870 26 740 25 350 21 910II 19 320 17 200 15 930 Trading Fund Staff 15 530 14 040 14 540 18 830II 12 410 12 200 11 440 Locally engaged6 15 860 14 870 14 850 13 340II 14 120 13 840 15 430 Operational areas7 28 680 27 310 24 780 24 580II 24 710 24 490 23 050 Senior Civil Service and Equivalent 4 40 20 20 30II 30 20 20 Pay Band B 210 210 210 210II 210 210 190 Pay Band C 1 750 1 880 1 810 1 870II 1 920 1 890 1 990 Pay Band D 2 620 2 630 2 250 2 290II 2 380 2 360 2 310 Pay Band E 10 470 10 530 9 750 9 720II 9 700 9 180 8 070 Other non-industrial 5 710 760 760 710II 930 1 390 1 690 Industrial 12 880 11 280 9 970 9 740II 9 550 9 430 8 780 Military support areas 49 620 44 970 47 140 42 120II 38 900 35 950 36 000 Senior Civil Service and Equivalent 4 50 40 60 50II 60 60 50 Pay Band B 610 650 730 730II 760 810 820 Pay Band C 6 990 7 340 7 940 7 900II 7 950 7 940 8 360 Pay Band D 9 090 8 680 9 230 8 450II 8 300 7 880 8 140 Pay Band E 14 880 13 620 14 520 13 480II 12 590 11 740 11 450 Other non-industrial 5 50 40 50 90II 50 240 450 Industrial 17 960 14 600 14 600 11 420II 9 200 7 290 6 730 HQ, DPA, research and central support function9 39 170 35 850 34 530 38 130II 32 370 33 300 34 570 Senior Civil Service and Equivalent 4 260 260 230 230II 220 220 230 Pay Band B 1 440 1 410 1 300 1 290II 1 410 1 450 1 510 Pay Band C 6 140 6 040 5 470 5 460II 5 680 6 000 6 550 Pay Band D 4 570 3 960 3 440 3 440II 3 710 3 900 4 030 Pay Band E 10 200 9 270 8 750 8 090II 8 310 8 660 10 370 Other non-industrial 5 - - 20 40II 40 370 40 Industrial 1 030 860 780 750II 580 490 410 Trading Fund Staff 15 530 14 040 14 540 18 830II 12 410 12 200 11 440 Source: DASA(Civilian) 1. This table uses the revised definition of civilian personnel (see Definition of the Ministry of Defence Civilian Workforce between tables 2.26 and 2.27). 2. Functions are as detailed in Table 2.2. Since 1 April 2001, there have been several changes in the structure of the department, in particular the formation of the Defence Logistics Organisation. From April 2001, DARA have been included in central support rather than military support. 3. Grade equivalence is shown in terms of the broader banding structure and is based on paid grade. 4. The Senior Civil Service was formed in 1996. The totals include about 30 personnel outside the Senior Civil Service but of equivalent grade. 5. Includes industrial staff on temporary promotion to non-industrial grades and Royal Fleet Auxiliary officers. 6. LECs and manuals can not be split by function, so are only included in the Ministry of Defence total. 7. Comprises the following TLB’s: CINCFLEET; CINCLAND; GOCNI; STC; CJO, as well as operational areas of the Centre TLB. 8. Comprises the following TLB’s: 2SL/CNH; AG; PTC; DLO. 9. Comprises the following TLB’s: DPA; Corporate Science and Technology; and Centre (apart from operational areas), as well as all Trading Funds. CHAPTER 2 - PERSONNEL

CIVILIAN PERSONNEL

Table 2.29 Strength of civilian personnel1 by ethnic origin and grade at 1 April each year, headcount Headcount 1997 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Total Ministry of Defence Level 0 135 450 125 140 123 500 120 430|| 112 360 109 850 111 080 White 65 930 62 470 79 530 83 230|| 64 500 64 160 66 000 Senior Civil Service and equivalent2 300 300 280 270|| 250 250 270 Pay Band B 1 970 2 010 1 960 1 940|| 1 900 1 970 2 010 Pay Band C 12 740 12 940 12 740 12 130|| 12 320 12 390 13 090 Pay Band D 13 320 12 440 11 940 11 300|| 11 090 11 010 11 220 Pay Band E 29 600 28 100 27 150 25 130|| 23 070 22 840 22 870 69 Other non-industrial3 - - 20 120|| 120 590 680 Industrial - - 17 980 15 070|| 10 680 8 880 7 780 Trading Fund Staff 8 000 6 680 7 470 17 280|| 5 060 6 230 8 080 Ethnic Minorities 1 340 1 320 1 520 1 540|| 1 930 1 960 1 980 Senior Civil Service and equivalent2 10 10 10 10|| - 10 10 Pay Band B 40 30 40 40|| 50 50 50 Pay Band C 160 180 190 180|| 270 300 310 Pay Band D 220 210 210 200|| 310 330 340 Pay Band E 760 770 770 720|| 910 880 880 Other non-industrial3 - - - -|| - 20 20 Industrial .. - 200 170|| 290 240 200 Trading Fund Staff 150 120 110 220|| 100 140 180 Unknown 4 68 190 61 360 42 450 35 660|| 45 920 43 730 43 100 Senior Civil Service and equivalent2 40 30 30 40|| 50 40 20 Pay Band B 260 250 270 270|| 460 480 490 Pay Band C 2 050 2 230 2 430 3 060|| 3 100 3 300 3 700 Pay Band D 2 910 2 810 2 960 2 890|| 3 240 3 040 3 140 Pay Band E 6 320 5 720 6 290 6 670|| 7 930 7 120 7 240 Other non-industrial 3 70 70 70 30|| 60 470 400 Industrial6 30 880 25 520 5 890 5 380|| 7 220 6 990 7 030 Royal Fleet Auxiliary (RFA)7 2 210 2 360 2 420 2 360|| 2 370 2 450 2 310 Locally engaged7 15 860 14 890 14 870 13 340|| 14 120 13 840 15 430 Trading Fund Staff 7 590 7 480 7 220 1 600|| 7 380 5 980 3 320 Ethnic minorities as a percentage of total excluding unknown All grades 2.0 2.1 1.9 1.8|| 2.9 3.0 2.9 Senior Civil Service and equivalent2 3.5 3.0 3.5 3.3|| 1.6 3.1 2.2 Pay Band B 1.9 1.6 1.9 2.0|| 2.4 2.3 2.5 Pay Band C 1.2 1.4 1.5 1.5|| 2.2 2.4 2.3 Pay Band D 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.8|| 2.7 2.9 2.9 Pay Band E 2.5 2.7 2.7 2.8|| 3.8 3.7 3.7 Other non-industrial 3 - - 11.1 2.4|| 3.3 2.7 2.7 Industrial - - 1.1 1.1|| 2.6 2.6 2.5 Trading Fund Staff 1.8 1.8 1.5 1.3|| 2.0 2.2 2.2 Source: DASA(Civilian) 1. This table uses the revised deﬁnition of civilian personnel (see Deﬁnition of the Ministry of Defence Civilian Workforce between tables 2.26 and 2.27). 2. The Senior Civil Service was formed in 1996. The totals include about 30 personnel outside the Senior Civil Service but of equivalent grade. 3. Includes industrial staff on temporary promotion to non-industrial grades. 4. Those for whom there is no computerised record of their ethnic origin, including those who refused to reply to the relevant survey. Includes Locally Engaged Civilians and Royal Fleet Auxiliaries. 5. Grade equivalence is shown in terms of the broader banding structure and is based on paid grade. 6. No ethnicity data are available for the industrial personnel before 2000. 7. No ethnicity data are available for the Royal Fleet Auxiliaries or Locally Engaged Civilians. CHAPTER 2 - PERSONNEL

CIVILIAN PERSONNEL

Table 2.30 Strength of civilian personnel1 by sex, grade and whether full or part-time; headcount at 1 April each year Headcount Sex, hours and grade4 1997 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Female: full time 33 250 30 530 30 110 29 960 28 340 27 770 28 610 Senior Civil Service 2 20 30 20 30 30 20 20 Pay Band B 190 210 230 240 280 330 370 Pay Band C 2 160 2 520 2 620 2 740 2 970 3 120 3 700 Pay Band D 3 840 3 840 3 940 4 040 4 310 4 360 4 750 70 Pay Band E 19 480 17 780 17 200 16 320 15 810 14 910 15 370 Other non-industrial 3 10 10 10 20 30 530 20 Industrial 4 430 3 480 3 280 3 130 2 900 2 630 2 560 Trading Funds 3 120 2 660 2 790 3 430 2 010 1 860 1 790

Male: full time 78 720 71 940 70 410 68 840 61 410 59 440 58 550 Senior Civil Service 2 320 300 290 280 280 270 270 Pay Band B 2 050 2 040 1 980 1 960 2 060 2 090 2 090 Pay Band C 12 600 12 580 12 410 12 260 12 300 12 400 12 720 Pay Band D 12 170 11 130 10 620 9 760 9 600 9 270 9 230 Pay Band E 14 320 13 800 13 910 12 960 12 540 12 420 12 510 Other non-industrial 3 70 60 70 140 140 360 1 080 Industrial 25 130 21 020 19 820 16 530 14 300 12 550 11 260 Trading Funds 12 070 11 010 11 300 14 950 10 180 10 060 9 400

Female: part-time 4 900 4 900 5 110 5 350 5 610 5 770 5 260 Senior Civil Service 2 ------Pay Band B 10 20 30 30 40 50 50 Pay Band C 160 220 270 310 360 400 570 Pay Band D 370 430 490 540 670 680 640 Pay Band E 2 780 2 890 2 980 3 090 3 400 3 340 2 920 Other non-industrial 3 - - - - 10 170 - Industrial 1 160 880 850 830 840 800 790 Trading Funds 420 440 480 530 290 320 280

Male: part-time 500 520 600 570 510 570 920 Senior Civil Service 2 ------Pay Band B 20 20 20 20 30 30 40 Pay Band C 20 40 40 50 60 70 120 Pay Band D 60 50 50 50 50 60 80 Pay Band E 100 110 120 140 160 170 170 Other non-industrial 3 ------Industrial 170 140 120 130 140 130 400 Trading Funds 130 160 240 180 70 100 110

Civilian Level 0 135 450 125 140 123 510 120 430 112 360 109 850 111 080 Full Time 111 980 102 470 100 510 98 800 89 750 87 210 87 160 Part Time 5 400 5 420 5 700 5 920 6 120 6 340 6 180 Royal Fleet Auxiliaries5 2 210 2 360 2 420 2 360 2 370 2 450 2 310 Locally Engaged5 15 860 14 890 14 870 13 340 14 120 13 840 15 430 Source: DASA(Civilian) 1. This table uses the revised deﬁnition of civilian personnel (see Deﬁnition of the Ministry of Defence Civilian Workforce between tables 2.26 and 2.27). 2. The Senior Civil Service was formed in 1996. The totals include about 30 personnel outside the Senior Civil Service but of equivalent grade. 3. Includes industrial staff on temporary promotion to non-industrial grades. 4. Grade equivalence is shown in terms of the broader banding structure and is based on paid grade. 5. Data by sex, grade and hours worked are not available for the RFA’s and LEC’s. CHAPTER 2 - PERSONNEL

CIVILIAN PERSONNEL

Table 2.31 Intake and outflow of civilian personnel1, 2 Number: FTE 1999/00 2000/01 2001/023 2002/03 2003/046, 7 Total intake 12 310 11 680 11 750 11 270 11 350r MoD less Trading Funds 9 150 9 790 9 770 9 880 9 780r Trading Funds 3 140 1 840 1 940 1 320 1 470r Unidentified entrant 20 50 40 70 110r Total outflow3 15 250 13 230 20 560 13 570 12 140r MoD less Trading Funds 12 340 10 520 9 530 9 340 9 080r Retirement (normal)4 - 1 420 1 580 1 680 1 570r 71 Retirement on grounds of ill health - 470 400 330 260r Resignation - 4 800 4 230 3 800 3 470r Other including contractorisation - 3 820 3 320 3 530 3 780r Trading Funds 2 910 1 840 10 060 1 320 2 140r Unidentified exit - 870 970 2 900 910r Net Change of Royal Fleet Auxiliaries 60 - 60 10 80 - 140 Net Change of Locally Engaged - 20 -1 500 770 - 270 1 590 MoD less Trading Funds by type of personnel: Non-industrial Intake 5 820 6 290 6 840 7 150 7 460r Outflow 7 860 6 600 6 070 6 310 6 220r Retirement (normal)4 .. 980 1 120 1 210 1 220r Retirement on grounds of ill health .. 290 230 190 160r Resignation .. 2 620 2 260 2 200 2 110r Other including contractorisation .. 2 710 2 460 2 720 2 730r Industrial Intake 3 320 3 510 2 930 2 730 2 320r Outflow 4 470 3 920 3 450 3 030 2 860r Retirement (normal)4 .. 440 460 480 350r Retirement on grounds of ill health .. 180 170 150 100r Resignation .. 2 180 1 970 1 600 1 360r Other including contractorisation .. 1 110 860 810 1 050r As a percentage of staff in post5 Total intake 11.7 11.3 12.3 12.2 12.6r MoD less Trading Funds 10.0 11.0 11.8 12.3 12.4r Trading Funds 21.9 12.6 15.9 10.9 12.5r Total outflow3 14.5 12.8 21.6 14.7 13.4r MoD less Trading Funds 13.6 11.8 11.5 11.6 11.5r Resignation .. 5.4 5.1 4.7 4.4r Trading Funds 20.3 12.6 82.7 10.8 18.2r MoD less Trading Funds by type of personnel: Non-industrial6 Intake 8.7 9.6 10.8 11.3 11.8r Outflow 11.8 10.1 9.6 9.9 9.8r Resignation .. 4.0 3.6 3.5 3.3r Industrial Intake 13.6 15.0 14.8 16.3 15.1r Outflow 18.3 16.8 17.5 18.1 18.7r Resignation .. 9.4 10.0 9.6 8.9r Source:DASA(Civilian) 1. This table uses the revised definition of civilian personnel (see Definition of the Ministry of Defence Civilian Workforce between tables 2.26 and 2.27). 2. Data in this table relate only to those for which computer-based information is available. Certain groups such as GCHQ personnel are excluded for this reason. 3. Outflow figures for 2001/02 are affected by the contractorisation of the QinetiQ portion of DERA. 4. Retirement at or above normal retirement age. 5. Rates are expressed as a percentage of the average strength throughout the year (excludes unidentified entrants/exits). 6. Non Industrial Data for 2003/04 has been revised to reflect the removal of duplicated flows data. 7. Following completion of the migration of industrial personnel records, data on industrial and trading fund intake and total outflow in 2003/04 are now included in this table. CHAPTER 2 - PERSONNEL

CIVILIAN PERSONNEL

Table 2.32 Intake and outﬂow of civilian personnel by ethnic origin and broad grade; headcount1, 3 Headcount INTAKE 2000/01 2001/022 2002/03 2003/044, 5 White 5 150|| 1 460 4 260 4 780r Pay Band C and above 250|| 200 410 540r Pay Band D and below 1 460|| 1 210 3 540 3 420r Industrial 1 850|| 20 140 490r Trading Fund Staff 1 590|| 30 170 320r 72 Ethnic Minorities 110|| 60 180 200r Pay Band C and above 10|| 20 20 20 Pay Band D and below 50|| 40 150 160r Industrial 10|| - - 20r Trading Fund Staff 40|| - 10 -r Unknown 6 860|| 10 670 6 410 6 520r Pay Band C and above 700|| 830 550 820r Pay Band D and below 4 060|| 4 800 1 980 2 620r Industrial 1 860|| 3 100 2 720 1 930r Trading Fund Staff 230|| 1 940 1 160 1 160r OUTFLOW White 8 670|| 2 760 6 020 6 520r Pay Band C and above 1 110|| 430 970 1 200r Pay Band D and below 3 150|| 1 350 3 200 3 130r Industrial 2 750|| 780 1 200 1 250r Trading Fund Staff 1 660|| 200 640 950r Ethnic Minorities 200|| 110 180 240r Pay Band C and above 20|| 20 20 30 Pay Band D and below 110|| 60 110 130r Industrial 30|| 20 30 50r Trading Fund Staff 40|| - 20 30r Unknown 3 970|| 17 280 4 710 4 760r Pay Band C and above 350|| 880 380 390r Pay Band D and below 2 080|| 3 540 1 690 1 470r Industrial 1 340|| 2 830 1 950 1 690r Trading Fund Staff 200|| 10 030 690 1 210r Net Change of RFAs - 60 10 80 - 140 Net Change of LECs -1 530 770 - 270 1 590

Intake of ethnic minorities as a percentage of Outflow of ethnic minorities as a percentage of known total7 known total7 2000/01 2001/02 2002/03 2003/04 2000/01 2001/02 2002/03 2003/04 Ethnic Minorities 2.0|| 3.9 4.0 4.0r 2.3|| 3.7 2.9 3.6r Pay Band C2 and above 3.5|| 7.0 5.1 3.5r 2.1|| 3.8 2.4 2.7r Pay Band D and below 3.2|| 3.3 4.0 4.5r 3.3|| 4.4 3.4 4.1 Industrial 0.8|| - - 3.4r 1.2|| 3.0 2.5 3.6r Trading Fund Staff 2.2|| - 3.4 -r 2.1|| - 2.3 3.1r Source: DASA(Civilian) 1. This table uses the revised definition of civilian personnel (see Definition of the Ministry of Defence Civilian Workforce between tables 2.26 and 2.27). 2. The relatively high proportion of non-response to the 2001/02 ethnicity survey has resulted in a substantial increase in the number of personnel of “unknown” ethnic origin. This makes comparison with previous years very difficult. 3. Records for non Trading Fund areas with no grade data have been excluded. 4. Non industrial data for 2003/04 has been revised to reflect the removal of duplicated flows data. 5. Following completion of the migration of industrial personnel records, data on industrial and trading fund intake and total outflow in 2003/04 are now included in this table. 6. This table excludes data for Unidentified Entrance and Exit codes referred to in tables 2.31, 2.33 and 2.34. 7. Percentages not shown if numbers involved are below 5. CHAPTER 2 - PERSONNEL

CIVILIAN PERSONNEL

Table 2.33 Intake of civilian personnel by sex, grade and whether full- or part-time1 Headcount Hours, sex and grade2 1999/00 2000/01 2001/02 2002/03 2003/045, 6 Female: full time 3 970 4 110 4 120 3 630 3 840r Senior Civil Service3 - - - - - Pay Band B 20 20 30 20 30 Pay Band C 160 260 240 230 280r Pay Band D 180 220 360 290 330r 73 Pay Band E 2 150 2 360 2 420 2 120 2 300r Other non-industrial4 - - 20 70 50r Industrial 620 660 640 580 450r Trading Fund 830 570 400 310 400r

Male: full time 7 700 6 870 6 820 7 010 6 630r Senior Civil Service3 30 40 30 20 20 Pay Band B 50 70 90 80 80r Pay Band C 400 510 570 570 700r Pay Band D 700 710 790 850 1 000r Pay Band E 1 770 1 730 1 780 1 900 1 990r Other non-industrial4 20 10 10 650 80r Industrial 2 500 2 580 2 060 1 950 1 720r Trading Fund 2 230 1 240 1 480 1 000 1 040r

Female: part time 900 920 1 070 750 910r Senior Civil Service3 - - - - - Pay Band B 10 - 10 - 10 Pay Band C 50 30 40 20 200r8 Pay Band D 40 30 100 40 70 Pay Band E 440 470 570 420 410r Other non-industrial4 - - 10 10 20r Industrial 300 350 300 240 180r Trading Fund 70 40 50 20 30r

Male: part time 190 220 220 190 260r Senior Civil Service3 - - - - - Pay Band B - - 10 10 10 Pay Band C 10 20 10 10 60r8 Pay Band D 10 10 10 - 20 Pay Band E 40 40 40 50 80 Other non-industrial4 - - - - 10r Industrial 60 140 120 100 80r Trading Fund 60 20 30 10 20r Unidentified entrants 20 50 40 70 110r Net Change - Royal Fleet Auxilliaries 60 - 60 10 80 - 140 Net Change - Locally Engaged & Manuals - 20 -1 530 770 - 270 1 590 Source: DASA(Civilian) 1. This table uses the revised definition of civilian personnel (see Definition of the Ministry of Defence Civilian Workforce between tables 2.26 and 2.27). 2. Grade equivalence is shown in terms of the broader banding structure and is based on paid grade. 3. The Senior Civil Service was formed in 1996 and includes about 30 personnel outside the Senior Civil Service but of equivalent grade. 4. Includes industrial staff on temporary promotion to non-industrial grades and those of unknown grade. 5. Non Industrial Data for 2003/04 has been revised to reflect the removal of duplicate flows data. 6. Following completion of the migration of industrial personnel records, data on industrial and trading fund intake in 2003/04 are now included in this table. 7. Around 20 people with unknown gender are excluded from this table. 8. Reflects recruitment drive in Services Childrens Education (SCE) in 2003/04. CHAPTER 2 - PERSONNEL

CIVILIAN PERSONNEL

Table 2.34 Outﬂows of civilian personnel, by sex, grade and whether full- or part-time1 Headcount Hours, sex and grade2 1999/00 2000/01 2001/02 2002/03 2003/045, 6 Female: full time 4 620 3 810 5 220 3 470r 3 420r Senior Civil Service3 - - 10 10 - Pay Band B 30 30 30 20 30 Pay Band C 260 280 240 250 240r 74 Pay Band D 290 270 280 320 340r Pay Band E 2 450 2 050 2 020 1 880 1 720r Other non-industrial4 80 - - 60 40 Industrial 810 710 760 630 580r Trading Fund 700 470 1 880 310 460r

Male: full time 9 960 7 900 13 570 6 610 7 210r Senior Civil Service3 60 50 60 40 30 Pay Band B 230 180 120 150 270r Pay Band C 1 020 880 800 850 960r Pay Band D 720 830 610 850 790r Pay Band E 1 700 1 720 1 600 1 440 1 390r Other non-industrial4 670 - - 90 40 Industrial 3 460 2 940 2 490 2 210 2 120r Trading Fund 2 100 1 300 7 890 980 1 620r

Female: part time 890 890 1 050 820 780r Senior Civil Service3 - - - - - Pay Band B - 10 - - - Pay Band C 40 40 50 40 40 Pay Band D 60 50 70 50 70r Pay Band E 420 390 340 420 360r Other non-industrial4 - - - 20 20 Industrial 290 340 280 250 210r Trading Fund 80 60 310 40 70r

Male: part time 250 250 330 190 220r Senior Civil Service3 - - - - - Pay Band B - - 10 10 10 Pay Band C 20 20 20 20 30 Pay Band D 20 10 10 10 10 Pay Band E 40 30 30 40 50 Other non-industrial4 - - - - - Industrial 70 130 110 90 80r Trading Fund 100 60 150 20 40r Unidentiﬁed Exit - 870 970 2 900r 910r Net Change - Royal Fleet Auxilliaries 60 - 60 10 80 - 140 Net Change - Locally Engaged & Manuals - 20 -1 530 770 - 270 1 590 Source: DASA(Civilian)

1. This table uses the revised definition of civilian personnel (see Definition of the Ministry of Defence Civilian Workforce between tables 2.26 and 2.27). 2. Grade equivalence is shown in terms of the broader banding structure and is based on paid grade. 3. The Senior Civil Service was formed in 1996 and includes about 30 personnel outside the Senior Civil Service but of equivalent grade. 4. Includes industrial staff on temporary promotion to non-industrial grades and those of unknown grade. 5. Non Industrial Data for 2003/04 has been revised amended to reflect the removal of duplicated flows data. 6. Following completion of the migration of industrial personnel records, data on industrial and trading fund outflow in 2003/04 are now included in this table. CHAPTER 2 - PERSONNEL

CIVILIAN PERSONNEL

Table 2.35 Number of working days lost due to sickness of civilian personnel1 by ICD Code working days (thousands) Year ending Year ending 31 December 31 March Adjusted data2 1999 2000 20013 2002 2003 2004 Non Industrial total 538.7 520.1 .. 465.2 481.0 494.1 ICD4 category Infectious and Parasitic Diseases 26.6 25.3 .. 23.1 24.3 24.1 Neoplasms 6.8 7.5 .. 7.3 8.4 7.9 75 Endocrine, Nutritional, Metabolic Diseases and Immunity Disorders 4.3 4.3 .. 5.3 3.6 3.8 Diseases of Blood and Blood-Forming Organs 0.4 0.6 .. 0.4 0.3 0.3 Mental Disorders - Stress Related 29.7 34.0 .. 37.2 43.3 44.3 Mental Disorders - Non-Stress Related 68.9 68.0 .. 67.3 62.4 63.7 Diseases of Nervous System and Sense Organs 19.7 22.3 .. 17.6 19.1 19.3 Diseases of Circulatory System 24.1 20.9 .. 19.2 19.4 18.8 Diseases of Respiratory System 110.2 99.3 .. 67.1 86.5 86.4 Diseases of Digestive System 24.1 24.3 .. 22.2 22.1 22.4 Diseases of Genito-Urinary System 6.2 5.4 .. 5.5 5.9 6.6 Complications of Pregnancy, Childbirth and the Puerperium 3.5 3.2 .. 3.3 3.0 2.9 Diseases of the Skin and Subcutaneous Tissue 5.1 5.3 .. 4.5 4.2 4.5 Diseases of Musculoskeletal System and Connective Tissue 44.3 40.1 .. 35.3 29.5 32.5 Symptoms, Signs and Ill-Defined Conditions 27.4 27.0 .. 29.7 25.5 26.9 Accidents, Poisoning and Violence 41.2 38.8 .. 35.1 33.0 33.8 Operations/Procedures 55.1 53.5 .. 50.4 55.6 57.4 Other / General 10.7 10.0 .. 10.5 9.5 10.0 Unclassified 30.7 30.6 .. 24.3 25.3 28.3 Industrial total 320.9 .. 304.9 259.7 209.9 187.1 Level 1 859.6 .. .. 724.9 690.8 681.2 Unadjusted data working days (thousands) Non Industrial total 597.6 579.0 .. 534.4 571.2 574.1 Industrial total 357.8 .. 339.5 290.6 232.7 203.6 Level 1 955.4 .. .. 825.0 803.9 777.7 Sickness rates5,6 Non-Industrial working days per person per year Based on adjusted data 8.1 7.9 .. 7.3 7.6 7.8 Based on unadjusted data 9.0 8.8 .. 8.4 9.0 9.1 Industrial working days per person per year Based on adjusted data 12.9 .. 14.8 14.8 13.5 12.2 Based on unadjusted data 14.4 .. 16.4 16.5 15.0 13.3 Level 1 working days per person per year Based on adjusted data 9.4 .. .. 8.9 8.8 8.7 Based on unadjusted data 10.4 .. .. 10.2 10.2 9.9 Source: DASA (Civilian) 1. This table uses the revised definition of civilian personnel (see Definition of the Ministry of Defence Civilian Workforce between tables 2.26 and 2.27). 2. Adjusted absence days have unreasonably long values edited (for example, a cold lasting for 6 months) and some logical inconsistencies corrected. 3. The values for 2001 non industrial staff and 2000 industrial staff were not of publishable quality due to problems with the underlying data. 4. International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, Version 9. 5. Rates are based on absence days and are FTE working days lost. For example, if a part-time employee (working 50% of full-time hours) is sick for 7 calendar days, this is 5 working days lost and 2.5 FTE working days lost. 6. Sickness data for Royal Fleet Auxiliary personnel are not available, so are not included in this table. CHAPTER 2 - PERSONNEL

CIVILIAN PERSONNEL

Table 2.36 Civilian Personnel1 in Defence Agencies and MOD owned Trading Funds by country as at 1 April 2004 Number: FTE Northern Total England Scotland Wales Elsewhere Ireland Total Agencies 39 310 32 730 3 630 970 70 1 910 As a percentage of total MOD personnel in category 36% Agencies3 Armed Forces Personnel Administration Agency 160 140 20 - - - 76 Army Training and Recruitment Agency 4 000 3 760 60 140 10 20 British Forces Post Office 360 330 10 10 - 10 Defence Analytical Services Agency 180 180 - - - - Defence Bills Agency 590 580 - - - 10 Defence Communications Service Agency 3 180 2 930 90 - - 140 Defence Dental Agency 170 140 10 - - 10 Defence Estates4 2 450 1 990 230 30 20 180 Defence Geographical and Imagery Intelligence Agency 810 800 - - - 10 Defence Intelligence and Security Centre 160 160 - - - - Defence Medical Education and Training Agency 580 570 - - - 10 Defence Procurement Agency 3 870 3 600 100 10 - 160 Defence Storage and Distribution Agency 4 530 3 440 810 250 - 30 Defence Transport and Movements Agency 320 270 - - - 40 Defence Vetting Agency 340 340 - - - - Disposal Services Agency 60 - - - - 60 Duke of York’s Royal Military School 110 110 - - - - Medical Supplies Agency 270 260 10 - - - Ministry of Defence Police and Guarding Agency5 6 030 4 760 1 120 140 - 10 Naval Recruiting and Training Agency 1 160 1 110 20 10 20 10 Pay and Personnel Agency 790 790 - - - - Queen Victoria School 70 - 70 - - - RAF Training Group Defence Agency 2 310 2 080 50 170 - 10 Service Children’s Education 960 20 - - - 940 Veterans’ Agency 850 750 20 10 10 70 Warship Support Agency 4 990 3 600 1 010 200 - 180 MOD excluding agencies and Trading Funds 40 560 30 290 3 120 780 3 370 3 000 Royal Fleet Auxiliary (RFA) 2 310 - - - - 2 310 Trading Funds 11 440 8 170 530 2 510 20 210 Army Base Repair Organisation6 1 840 1 740 100 - - - Defence Aviation Repair Agency 3 670 880 300 2 480 - 20 Defence Science and Technology Laboratory 3 140 2 990 10 - - 150 Meteorological Office 1 860 1 650 130 30 20 40 UK Hydrographic Office 920 920 - - - - Locally engaged 15 430 - - - - 15 430 Level 0 Total 109 050 ...... Source: DASA (Civilian) 1. This table uses the revised definition of civilian personnel (see Definition of the Ministry of Defence Civilian Workforce between tables 2.26 and 2.27). 2. Data are drawn from personnel records and the Resource Accounting and Budgeting System. 3. The following Agencies ceased to formally be a Defence Agency as at 1st April 2004, but may have retained their existing name: Army Personnel Centre, Naval Manning Agency, RAF Personnel Managment Agency. 4. Defence Housing Executive merged with Defence Estates 1 April 2004. 5. Formed on 1st April 2004 when Ministry of Defence Guard Service merged with Ministry of Defence Police. 6. Excludes 600 personnel not transferred to the trading fund. 7. Details of Civilian Personnel in UK Defence Agencies and MOD-owned Trading Funds by broad category can be found in Table 2.6 CHAPTER 2 - PERSONNEL

CIVILIAN PERSONNEL

Table 2.37 Number of civilian personnel1, by disability status, and Paid Grade, April 2004 Headcount Disabled Personnel Disability Status Not Disabled Disabled Grand Total as a percentage of Unknown total (exc. unknown) Civilian Level 0 53 780 3 690 53 610 111 080 6.4 Civilian Level 1 45 130 3 290 35 650 84 070 6.8 SCS 230 10 50 300 3.7 Band B1 360 10 230 600 3.2 Band B2 1 150 40 760 1 950 3.4 77 Band C1 3 300 200 1 930 5 430 5.7 Band C2 6 710 490 4 480 11 680 6.8 Band D 8 260 610 5 830 14 700 6.9 Band E1 11 120 760 8 350 20 230 6.4 Band E2 6 000 380 4 380 10 760 6.0 Industrials 7 280 780 6 950 15 000 9.7 Unknown 720 10 370 1 110 1.4 Royal Fleet Auxiliaries4 - - 2 310 2 310 ..

Trading Funds 8 650 400 2 530 11 580 4.4 Locally Engaged Personnel4 - - 15 430 15 430 .. Source: DASA(Civilian) 1. This table uses the revised definition of civilian personnel (see Definition of the Ministry of Defence Civilian Workforce between tables 2.26 and 2.27). 2. Disability self-certification was introduced in 2001. 3. Disability data quality have not been of sufficient quality for reporting previously. 4. Disability data are not currently available for Royal Fleet Auxiliaries or Locally Engaged Personnel. 5. Figures are based on headcount, where equal weight is given to those working part-time and full-time. 6. Figures are rounded to the nearest 10. 7. Grade equivalence is shown in terms of the broader banding structure and is based on paid grade. 8. The Senior Civil Service was formed in 1996. The totals include about 30 personnel outside the Senior Civil Service but of equivalent grade.

Percentage breakdown of disablity status, and Paid Grade, April 2004

100%

80%

60%

40% Percentage of workforce

20%

0% SCS Band D Band E2 Band B1 Band B2 Band E1 Band C1 Band C2 Industrials

Disability Status Unknown Disabled Not Disabled Funds Trading CHAPTER 2 - PERSONNEL

CIVILIAN PERSONNEL

Table 2.38 Age proﬁle of civilian personnel1 by whether industrial or non-industrial and sex as at 1 April 2004 Headcount 16-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49 50+ Unknown Total Civilian Level 0 910 4 670 5 620 8 900 12 690 14 620 13 810 32 040 17 800 111 080 Civilian Level 1 750 3 810 4 510 7 490 11 060 12 890 12 240 28 930 2 380 84 070 Non Industrial Male 190 1 370 1 840 3 030 4 880 6 080 6 090 14 790 40 38 310 Female 320 1 870 2 110 3 440 4 640 4 560 3 910 7 560 20 28 440 Industrial Male 210 450 390 740 1 080 1 690 1 750 5 360 - 11 650 78 Female 40 120 170 280 460 570 490 1 220 - 3 350 Royal Fleet Auxiliaries2 ------2 310 2 310

Trading Funds Male 140 680 800 1 080 1 300 1 440 1 340 2 730 - 9 510 Female 20 180 310 330 330 280 230 390 - 2 070 Locally Engaged Civilians2 ------15 430 15 430 Source: DASA(Civilian) 1. This table uses the revised deﬁnition of civilian personnel (see Deﬁnition of the Ministry of Defence Civilian Workforce between tables 2.26 and 2.27). 2. Age data are not available for Royal Fleet Auxiliaries and Locally Engaged Civilians. 3. Figures are based on headcount, where equal weight is given to those working part-time and full-time. 4. Totals and subtotals have been rounded separately and so may not appear to be the sums of their parts.

Age of Civilians, by sex whether industrial or non-industrial

3500

3000

Trading Funds Female 2500 Non Industrial Female

Industrial Female

2000 Trading Funds Male Non Industrial Male

Headcount Industrial Male 1500

1000

500

0 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 Age CHAPTER 2 - PERSONNEL

WAR PENSIONS

Table 2.39 Number of War Pensions in payment by type of pension, at 31 March each year1

19952 1997 1999 20003 2001 2002 2003 2004

TOTAL IN PAYMENT 309 840 324 640 306 060|| 295 675 284 330 272 725 260 730 247 525 Disablement pensioners 260 295 264 595 249 345|| 240 760 231 620 222 245 212 595 201 970 1914 war4 475 140 55|| 30 15 10 ~ ~ Inter-war5 .. 505 365|| 305 260 215 170 125 1939 war onwards6 259 825 263 945 248 925|| 233 865 225 170 216 550 207 395 197 285 Civilian ...... || 2 940 2 775 2 605 2 415 2 235 79 Polish ...... || 1 605 1 475 1 325 1 195 1 080 Mercantile marine ...... || 1 805 1 665 1 540 1 405 1 230 Not known ...... || 205 265 5 5 15

Other pensioners 49 545 60 045 56 715|| 54 915 52 710 50 480 48 135 45 555 War widows pension7 48 405 59 025 55 850|| 53 990 52 020 49 880 47 540 44 995 War widower pension7 ...... || 5 5 5|| 30 8 40 War orphans pension9 835 695 55|| 165 95 50 45 40 War parents pension10 305 295 195|| 155 130 100 80 60 Adult dependant pension .. 25 25|| 25 20 20 20 20 Unmarried dependant pension11 .. ~ ~|| - ~ ~ ~ ~ Child allowance only12 .. .. 590|| 575 435 420 410 400 Source: DASA(Pay and Pensions) ~ Fewer than ﬁve. 1. Pensions, allowances or other payments may be awarded where disablement or death is a result of service in HM Forces, or of an injury sustained as a result of war-time service in the Naval Auxiliary Service, or the Mercantile Marine. Awards may also be made in respect of service in the Polish Forces under British command during World War Two. While most payments are made to people living in the United Kingdom, some recipients are from overseas. Pensions allowances or other payments may also be awarded where the disablement or death of a civilian of a member of the Civil Defence Organisation is the direct result of an injury sustained as a result of enemy action in World War Two. 2. Data are not available for 1990. 3. Figures from March 2000 were produced using a slightly different methodology from those previously produced by the War Pensions Agency (now the Veterans’ Agency). 4. Disabled because of service between 4 August 1914 and 30 September 1921. 5. Disabled because of service between 1 October 1921 and 2 September 1939. 6. Disabled because of service from 3 September 1939 to date. 7. Paid to the spouse of an ex-service person whose death was in service or related to disablement because of service from 4 August 1914 to date. 8. A change in the law, from 8 April 2002, governing the War Pensions Scheme means that the provisions for war widowers have been equalised to align with those available to war widows; in effect this means that claims from war widowers are no longer means tested. 9. Paid to: (i) the child of a deceased service person who has no surviving parent; (ii) a child whose mother was divorced from a serviceman at the time of death; or (iii) a child who is not in the care of the surviving parent. 10. Paid to a parent of a deceased service person. 11. Paid to a partner who lived with the ex-serviceman for at least six months before his enlistment, was maintained by him, and who has borne his child. 12. A case where a Child Allowance is in payment for a child, where one parent has died, and either the surviving parent does not qualify for a War Widows/Widowers Pension, because of remarriage or cohabitation, or the child does not live with the surviving parent. CHAPTER 2 - PERSONNEL

WAR PENSIONS

Charts to Table 2.39 Average Weekly amount of Disablement pension at 31 March 2004

80 Allowances

Pension 70

80 50

40 £ per week

0 70-74 85-89 30-34 35-39 40-44 60-64 65-69 75-79 80-84 90-94 45-49 50-54 55-59 All cases Under 30

Age 95 and over

The overall average weekly amount of war disablement pension and associated supplementary allowances is £61.19.

Average amount of Pension (entitlement) - Widows at 31 March 2004

200 Other component DP component

150

100 £ per week

0 65-69 75-59 80-84 90-94 55-59 45-49 30-34 35-39 60-64 70-74 85-89 40-44 50-54 All cases Under 30

Age 95 and over

The average weekly amount received by widows is £175.08. The actual War Widows portion of the pension makes up just over half the total, with the remainder being made up of Supplementary Allowances. CHAPTER 2 - PERSONNEL

INTERNATIONAL

Table 2.40 Manpower holdings and ceilings by member of the Conventional Forces in Europe (CFE) Treaty, declared at 1 January 2003

Holding Ceiling Countries not in NATO Armenia 44 667 60 000 Azerbaijan 64 824 70 000 81 Belarus 72 964 100 000 Bulgaria1 49 608 104 000 Georgia 24 584 40 000 Moldova 7 254 20 000 Romania1 104 012 230 000 Russia2 598 277 1 450 000 Slovakia1 26 436 46 6673 Ukraine 295 500 450 000

NATO Countries Belgium 43 764 70 000 Canada - 10 660 Czech Republic 57 062 93 3334 Denmark 19 619 39 000 France 184 033 325 000 Germany 269 726 345 000 Greece 143 933 158 621 Hungary 32 694 100 000 Italy 155 457 315 000 Netherlands 37 981 80 000 Norway 17 437 32 000 Poland 143 633 234 000 Portugal 33 713 75 000 Spain 126 507 300 000 Turkey2 498 834 530 000 United Kingdom 201 495 260 000 United States of America 101 285 250 000 Source: Courtesy of the International Institute for Strategic Studies.

The data in this table are outside the scope of National Statistics because they are provided by an organisation outside the UK Government Statistical Service. 1. These countries joined NATO on 29 March 2004 2. Manpower in the Atlantic to the Urals zone only. 3. That is, one-third of the ceiling for the former Czechslovakia. 4. That is, two-thirds of the ceiling for the former Czechslovakia. CHAPTER 3 - FORMATIONS, VESSELS, AIRCRAFT AND VEHICLES OF THE ARMED FORCES INTRODUCTION

Formations of the Royal Navy, Army and Royal Air Force at 1 April each year

Table 3.1 shows the number of submarines and ships in the Royal Navy and Royal Fleet Auxiliary, Royal Marine Commando units, squadrons of helicopters and ﬁxed-wing aircraft in the Fleet Air Arm, and Reserve Units.

More information about Royal Navy ships can be found at: http://www.royal-navy.mod.uk/static/pages/144.html More information about Royal Navy submarines can be found at: http://www.royal-navy.mod.uk/static/pages/146.html More information about the Royal Fleet Auxiliary can be found at: http://www.rfa.mod.uk/ More information about the Royal Marines can be found at: http://www.royal-navy.mod.uk/static/pages/141.html More information about the Naval Air Squadrons can be found at: http://www.royal-navy.mod.uk/static/pages/803.html More information about the Royal Navy Reserve can be found at: http://www.royal-navy.mod.uk/static/pages/2414.html More information about the Royal Marine Reserve is at: http://www.royal-navy.mod.uk/static/pages/2808.html

Table 3.2 shows the numbers of Regiments and Infantry battalions in the Regular and Territorial Army; and Corps, Divisional and Brigade headquarters.

More information about Regiments & battalions is at: http://www.army.mod.uk/unitsandorgs/subsections/index.htm 82 More information about Divisions and Brigades is at: http://www.army.mod.uk/unitsandorgs/subsections/divandbrig.htm More information about the Territorial Army can be found at: http://www.ta.mod.uk/ More information about the Royal Armoured Corps can be found at: http://www.army.mod.uk/rac/index.htm More information about the Infantry can be found at: http://www.army.mod.uk/infantry/organisation/organisation.htm More information about the Army Air Corps can be found at: http://www.army.mod.uk/armyaircorps/organisation.htm More information about the Royal Artillery can be found at: http://www.army.mod.uk/royalartillery/ More information about the Royal Engineers can be found at: http://www.army.mod.uk/royalengineers/index.htm More information about the Royal Corps of Signals can be found at: http://www.army.mod.uk/royalsignals/index.html More information about the Royal Electrical & Mechanical Engineers is at: http://usite.army.mod.uk/REME/index.htm More information about the Army Medical Services can be found at: http://www.army.mod.uk/medical/index.html

Table 3.3 shows the number of squadrons in the Royal Air Force (RAF) and the Royal Auxiliary Air Force (RAuxAF), and units in the RAF Regiment.

More information about RAF squadrons can be found at: http://www.raf.mod.uk/squadrons/index.html More information about Royal Auxiliary Air Force Units can be found at: http://www.rafreserves.com/the_units/default.htm More information about the RAF Regiment can be found at: http://www.rafregiment.co.uk/default.htm

Table 3.4 shows the number of Regiments and Squadrons in the Special Forces, Joint Helicopter Command and Joint Force Harrier.

Royal Navy and Royal Fleet Auxiliary operational ships and submarines

Table 3.5 shows the numbers of Royal Navy and Royal Fleet Auxiliary ships and submarines by class and base port, categorized by those that were operational and those undergoing reﬁt at 1 April 2004.

Militarily useful British-registered merchant vessels at 31 December each year

Militarily useful British-registered merchant vessels are vessels that could be requisitioned in the appropriate circumstances in support of the armed forces. Other types of ship might also be used in certain cases. Foreign-ﬂagged, but British-owned ships could also be requisitioned in certain circumstances.

Table 3.6 shows the number of passenger and dry cargo merchant vessels by principal categories and sizes.

Table 3.7 shows the number of merchant tankers, specialist and ﬁshing vessels by principal categories and sizes. CHAPTER 3 - FORMATIONS, VESSELS, AIRCRAFT AND VEHICLES OF THE ARMED FORCES INTRODUCTION

Aircraft Required Operating Fleets by type of aircraft at 1 April each year

The Required Operating Fleet is the number of aircraft needed to undertake the deﬁned military task.

Table 3.8 shows the required numbers of aircraft in the Royal Navy Fleet Air Arm.

Table 3.9 shows the required numbers of aircraft in the Royal Air Force Strike Command.

Table 3.10 shows the required numbers of aircraft in the RAF Strike Command Operational Conversion Units and RAF Personnel & Training Command.

Table 3.11 shows the required numbers of aircraft in the Joint Helicopter Command and Joint Force Harrier.

More information about Fleet Air Arm aircraft can be found at: http://www.royal-navy.mod.uk/static/pages/145.html More information about Army aircraft can be found at: http://www.army.mod.uk/armyaircorps/types.htm More information about RAF aircraft can be found at: http://www.raf.mod.uk/equipment/acref.html

Equipment holdings within the scope of the Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in 83 Europe

The numbers of equipment in Tables 3.12, 3.13 and 3.14 cover holdings in the UK, Germany, Cyprus and Gibraltar. Table 3.11 in UK Defence Statistics 2002 showed holdings by HQ Land in the UK and Germany only.

Table 3.12 shows the surveyed holdings of Tanks and Artillery by type of equipment, and indicates which types of equipment are obsolete and non-operational at 1 January each year.

Table 3.13 shows the surveyed holdings of Armoured Combat Vehicles and Armoured Combat Vehicle look-alikes by type of equipment, and indicates which types of equipment are obsolete and non-operational at 1 January each year.

Table 3.14 shows the surveyed holdings of Attack Helicopters and Combat Aircraft by type of equipment, and indicates which types of equipment are obsolete and non-operational at 1 January each year.

The information in Tables 3.15 and 3.16 is reproduced from the Military Balance 2003-2004 published by the Oxford University Press for the International Institute for Strategic Studies (ISBN 0-19-852873-6).

Table 3.15 shows the declared Holdings and Ceilings of Tanks, Armoured Combat Vehicles and Artillery by country within the scope of the Conventional Armed Forces in Europe Treaty at 1 January 2003.

Table 3.16 shows the declared Holdings and Ceilings of Attack Helicopters and Combat Aircraft by country within the scope of the Conventional Armed Forces in Europe Treaty at 1 January 2003. CHAPTER 3 - FORMATIONS, VESSELS, AIRCRAFT AND VEHICLES OF THE ARMED FORCES FORMATIONS

Table 3.1 Number of vessels in the Royal Navy and Royal Fleet Auxiliary, and squadrons in the Fleet Air Arm at 1 April each year

Royal Navy submarines 19901 1997 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Total Vessels 33 || 15 15 16 16 16 16 15 of which: Trident / Polaris Vessels 4 || 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 Fleet Vessels 29 || 12 12 12 12 12 12 112 Royal Navy ships 19901 1997 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Aircraft Carriers Vessels 3 || 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 Landing Platform Docks / Helicopter Vessels 2 || 2 3 3 3 1 1 23

Destroyers Vessels 14 || 12 12 11 11 11 11 11 Frigates Vessels 35 || 23 23 21 21 21 20 20 Mine countermeasures vessels4 Vessels 41 || 19 20 21 23 22 22 19 Patrol ships and craft4 Vessels 34 || 34 24 23 23 23 22 265 Support ships Vessels 8 || 1 ------

84 Survey ships Vessels 8 || 6 6 6 6 3 3 56 Ice patrol ships Vessels 1 || 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Royal Fleet Auxiliary Service 1990 1997 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Tankers Vessels 13 9 9 7 7 7 7 7 Fleet replenishment ships Vessels 4 5 4 4 4 4 4 67 Aviation training ship Vessels - 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Landing ships Vessels 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 48 Forward repair ships Vessels 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Roll-on Roll-off vessels Vessels * * * 2 2 2 75 69 Royal Marines10 1990 1997 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 RM Commando Commandos 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 Logistic unit Regiments 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

Nuclear Guarding and Fleet Security Squadrons .. .. 1 1 3 3 3 3 Assault (landing craft) Squadrons .. .. 3 3 3 4 4 4 Naval Aircraft 1990 1997 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Fixed Wing Aircraft 11 Squadrons 3 3 3 || 1 1 1 1 1 Helicopters12 Squadrons 17 15 12 || 9 9 8 8 513 Reserve Units 1990 1997 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Royal Navy Reserve Units Units ...... 16 16 16 16 Royal Marine Reserve Units Units ...... 5 5 5 5 Source: MOD Resources & Programmes 1. All Royal Naval vessels are counted in 1990. Only active vessels are counted from 1997. 2. HMS Splendid was decommissioned during the year. 3. HMS Albion came into service during the year. 4. Three Northern Ireland Patrol Ships have previously been accounted for under Mine Countermeasure Vessels. The three ships were originally Mine Counter Measure Ships but no longer have the capability. 5. Three Island Class Ships have been decommissioned during the year and two River Class and two Gibraltar Patrol Ships brought into service during the year. 6. HMS Enterprise and Echo came into service during the year. 7. Two Wave Class ships came into service during the year. 8. Sir Geraint was decommissioned during the year. 9. Sea Crusader was decommissioned during the year. 10. One Artillery Regiment, one Air Defence battery and two Engineer Squadrons are now also assigned to 3 Commando Brigade. 11 Excludes Joint Force Harrier squadrons from 1 April 2000. 12. Excludes Joint Helicopter Command squadrons from 1 October 1999. 13. Reduction is due to the exclusion of three OCU/OEU. CHAPTER 3 - FORMATIONS, VESSELS, AIRCRAFT AND VEHICLES OF THE ARMED FORCES FORMATIONS

Table 3.2 Number of Regiments, Infantry battalions & Major Headquarters, in the Regular & Territorial Army at 1 April each year Combat arms 1990 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Armour Regular Army Regiments 19 11 11 11 105 10 10 10 10 Territorial Army Regiments 5 6 6 6 4 4 4 4 4 Infantry Regular Army Battalions 55 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 Territorial Army Battalions 41 33 33 33 15 15 15 15 15 Home Service Forces Battalions 11 7 7 7 7 5r 4r 4 4 Special Forces Regular Army Regiments 1 1 1 1|| *6 * * * * Territorial Army Regiments 2 2 2 2|| *6 * * * * Aviation Regular Army Regiments 4 5 5 5|| *6 * * * * Territorial Army Regiments . . 1 1 1|| *6 * * * * Combat support 1990 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Artillery 85 Regular Army1 Regiments 22 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 14 Territorial Army2 Regiments 7 6 6 6 7 7 7 7 7 Engineers Regular Army Regiments 13 10 10 10 117 11 11 11 11 Territorial Army Regiments 8 3 9 5 5 5 5 5 5 Signals Regular Army Regiments 13 11 11 11 118 11 11 12 11 Territorial Army Regiments 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 Combat service support 1990 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Equipment support 3 Regular Army Battalions . . 6 6 6 79 7 7 7 7 Territorial Army Battalions . . 5 5 4 4 4 4 4 4 Logistics Regular Army Regiments . . 24 24 24 2210 20 20 2111 21 Territorial Army Regiments . . 13 19 19 17 17 17 17 17 Medical Regiments / Field Hospitals4 Regular Army Number 16 12 12 12 8 8 8 8 8 Territorial Army Number 17 18 18 18 15 15 15 15 15 Corps, Division & Brigade HQ 1990 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 NATO Corps HQ ...... 1 1 1 1 1 Division / District HQ: deployable ...... 2 2 2 2 2 non-deployable ...... 4 4 5 5 5

Brigade HQ: deployable ...... 7 7 8 912 9 non-deployable ...... 15 15 13 1313 13 Source: MOD Resources & Programmes 1. Excludes 14th Regiment Royal Artillery 2. Includes the Honourable Artillery Company. 3. The REME Order of Battle did not include regiment or battalion equivalents until 1993. 4. Field Ambulance structures have been subsumed into the Medical Regiment concept as part of structural changes across the Medical Services. Field Ambulances still exist in the Territiorial Army. 5. Excludes an Armoured regiment that is committed to the Joint NBC Regiment. 6. From 1 April 2000 these units form part of the Joint Helicopter Command. See table 3.4. 7. Includes a Close Support Regiment formed as a result of SDR. Excludes 2 Training Regiments and the Military works force. 8. Includes the Joint Service Signals Unit (Cyprus) and the Depot Signal Regiment. 9. Comprises six REME Battalions and one Air Assault REME Battalion. 10. Excludes the Falkland Islands Logistics Unit. 11. Includes the Depot Regiment (25 Regt) and TA Training Regiment (5 Regt). 12. Includes 101 and 102 Logistics Brigades but not the Reconnaissance Brigade (now operating as 4 Formation Reconnaissance Regt). 13. Includes 2 and 52 Infantry Brigades. CHAPTER 3 - FORMATIONS, VESSELS, AIRCRAFT AND VEHICLES OF THE ARMED FORCES FORMATIONS

Table 3.3 Number of squadrons in the Royal Air Force and the Royal Auxiliary Air Force at 1 April each year

Excludes Operational Conversion Units.1 Regular Air Force 1990 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Strike / attack Squadrons 11 6 6 5 5 5 5 5 5 Offensive support2 Squadrons 5 5 5 5|| 2 2 2 2 2

Reconnaissance Squadrons 3 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 Maritime patrol Squadrons 4 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3

Air defence Squadrons 9 6 6 5 5 5 5 46 4 Airborne Early Warning Squadrons 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2

Air transport / Air Refuelling3 Squadrons 15 13 14 14|| 8 9 9 9 9 Search and Rescue Squadrons 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2

Ground Based Air Defence Squadrons 7 6 6 4 4 4 4 4 4 86 Field Squadrons 6 5 5 5 5 6 6 6 6 Auxiliary Air Force 1990 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Air Movements Squadrons 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Aeromedical 4 Squadrons 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 HQ Augmentation5 Squadrons 3 3 3 3 1 1 1 1 1 Ground Based Air Defence Squadrons 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Field Squadrons 6 5 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 Intelligence Squadrons 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 Photographic Interpretation Squadrons 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Public Relations Squadrons - - 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Police Squadrons - - - - - 1 1 1 1

Operations Support Squadrons - 1 4 5 6 5 5 5 5 Meteorological Squadrons 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

RAF Regiment Units 1990 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Tactical Survive-to-operate HQ7 Units ...... 4 4 4 4 Ground based air defence8 Squadrons ...... 5 5 5 5 Field 9 Squadrons ...... 7 7 7 7 Source: MOD Resources & Programmes 1. Operational Conversion Units are for converting aircrew to particular aircraft types. 2. Excludes Joint Force Harrier squadrons from 1 April 2000. See Table 3.4 - Joint units. 3. Excludes Support Helicopter squadrons in the Joint Helicopter Command from October 1999. See Table 3.4 - Joint units. 4. Includes Air Transportable Surgical. 5. Formerly Maritime Support / HQ Augmentation. 6. The total number of Tornado F3 squadrons has been reduced by one. Aircraft numbers remain the same as the aircraft from 5 Sqn have been allocated to the remaining squadrons 7. Fourth Tactical Survive-to-operate HQ (TACSTO) formed from Field Force HQ. 8. Fifth Squadron is provided from the Joint Rapier Training Unit. 9. The manpower for 2 squadrons is provided by the Royal Auxillary Air Force, a further ﬁeld squadron will be formed by 2004 CHAPTER 3 - FORMATIONS, VESSELS, AIRCRAFT AND VEHICLES OF THE ARMED FORCES FORMATIONS

Table 3.4 Number of Regiments and Squadrons in selected Joint Units at 1 April each year Excludes Operational Conversion Units.1

Joint Units 2001 2002 2002 2004 Special Forces Special Air Service2 Regiments 1 1 1 1 Special Air Service - Territorial Army2 Regiments 2 2 2 2 Special Boat Service Squadrons 4 4 4 4

Joint Nuclear Biological Chemical Regiments 1 1 1 1

Joint Helicopter Command3 2001 2002 2002 2004 Royal Navy Helicopter Squadrons 4 4 4 4 87

Army Aviation 4 Regiments 5 5 5 5 Army Aviation - Territorial Army Regiments 1 1 1 1

Royal Air Force Helicopter Squadrons 6 6 6 6 Royal Auxiliary Air Force5 Squadrons 1 1 1 1

Joint Force Harrier6 2001 2002 2002 2004 Royal Navy Squadrons 3 3 3 27 Royal Air Force Squadrons 3 3 3 3

Source: MOD Resources & Programmes 1. Operational Conversion Units are for converting aircrew to particular aircraft types. 2. Data for previous years are shown in Table 3.2 - Army Regiments. 3. Helicopters were transferred to the Joint Helicopter Command on 1 Oct 1999. Related data for previous years are shown in Table 3.1 - Naval aircraft, Table 3.2 - Army aircraft and Table 3.3 - RAF aircraft. 4. These ﬁgures exclude 667 (D&T) Sqn and 657 Sqn and six independent Army Air Corps ﬂights. 5. Helicopter Support Squadron - provides a pool of trained personnel to augment the Support Helicopter Force in training and on operations in times of crisis and war. 6. Harrier aircraft were transferred to the Joint Force Harrier on 1 April 2000. Related data for previous years are shown in Table 3.1 - Naval aircraft and Table 3.3 - RAF aircraft. 7. 800 Sqn disbanded 1 Apr 04. CHAPTER 3 - FORMATIONS, VESSELS, AIRCRAFT AND VEHICLES OF THE ARMED FORCES VESSELS

Table 3.5 Royal Navy and Royal Fleet Auxiliary ships and submarines that were operational or undergoing reﬁt by class and base port at 1 April 2004 Royal Navy submarines Base port Operational1 Undergoing reﬁt2 Total Trident Faslane 3 1 4 Fleet Devonport 4 3 7 Faslane 3 1 4

Royal Navy ships Base port Operational1 Undergoing reﬁt2 Total Aircraft Carriers Portsmouth 2 1 3 Landing Platform Dock Devonport 1 - 1 Landing Platform Helicopter Devonport 1 - 1

Destroyers Type 42 Portsmouth 9 2 11

88 Frigates Type 23 Devonport 8 0 8 Portsmouth 7 1 8 Type 22 Devonport 3 1 4

Offshore patrol River class Portsmouth 3 - 3 Castle class Portsmouth 1 1 2 Northern Ireland Patrol Vessels3 Faslane 3 - 3

Mine countermeasures vessels Hunt class3 Faslane 2 0 2 Portsmouth 4 2 6 Sandown class Faslane 3 1 4 Portsmouth 6 1 7

Patrol craft Coastal training 16 - 16 Gibraltar Search & Rescue Gibraltar 2 - 2

Survey ships4 Devonport 5 - 5 Ice patrol ships Portsmouth 1 - 1

Royal Fleet Auxiliary Service Operational1 Undergoing reﬁt2 Total Fleet tankers 3 - 3 Support tankers 4 - 4 Fleet replenishment ships5 4 2 6 Aviation training ship 1 - 1 Landing ships6 4 - 4 Forward repair ship 1 - 1 Roll-on Roll-off vessels7 6 - 6 Source: MOD Resources & Programmes 1. Operational vessels are manned, in and around water, with readiness state and under the command of CINCFLEET. 2. Vessels undergoing reﬁt are unmanned and in a dockyard in the custody of the DLO. 3. The three Northern Ireland Patrol Ship have been previously accounted under Mine Countermeasure Vessels (Hunt Class). The three ships were orginally Mine Counter Measure Ships but not longer have the capability. 4. HMS Enterprise and Echo have entered Service during the year 5. Two Wave Class ships came into service during the year. 6. Sir Geraint was decommissioned during the year. 7. Sea Crusader was decommissioned during the year. CHAPTER 3 - FORMATIONS, VESSELS, AIRCRAFT AND VEHICLES OF THE ARMED FORCES VESSELS

Table 3.6 Militarily useful British-registered passenger and dry cargo merchant vessels by principal categories and sizes at 31 December each year

Militarily useful British-registered merchant vessels are vessels that could be requisitioned in the appropriate circumstances in support of the armed forces. Other types of ship might also be used in certain cases. Foreign-ﬂagged but British-owned ships could also be requisitioned in certain circumstances.

1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 Passenger & dry cargo merchant vessels 221 240 254 308 365 417 533 of which: United Kingdom 94 96 101 132 142 178 254 Isle of Man and the Channel Islands 51 54 58 65 90 92 89 UK Overseas Territories 76 90 95 111 133 147 190

Cruise ship (over 200 berths) 8 8 7 18 19 23 25 of which: United Kingdom 8 8 7 14 13 16 17 Isle of Man and the Channel Islands ------89 UK Overseas Territories - - - 4 6 7 8

Roll-on roll-off passenger (over 200 berths) 10 9 9 9 9 5 5 of which: United Kingdom 10 9 9 9 9 5 5 Isle of Man and the Channel Islands ------UK Overseas Territories ------

Roll-on roll-off freight (over 500 lane metres) 37 34 36 33 41 54 53 of which: United Kingdom 9 7 7 7 10 24 27 Isle of Man and the Channel Islands 15 13 16 15 20 22 16 UK Overseas Territories 13 14 13 11 11 8 10

General cargo break bulk (over 1,000 deadweight tons) 72 78 80 101 144 178 236 of which: United Kingdom 46 48 52 54 54 73 83 Isle of Man and the Channel Islands 15 17 15 23 50 45 59 UK Overseas Territories 11 13 13 24 40 60 94

Refrigerated cargo (over 1,000 deadweight tons) 35 40 44 54 59 47 62 of which: United Kingdom - - - 4 5 1 16 Isle of Man and the Channel Islands 3 3 3 3 - - 2 UK Overseas Territories 32 37 41 47 54 46 44

Container (fully cellular, over 100 twenty foot containers) 59 71 78 93 93 110 152 of which: United Kingdom 21 24 26 44 51 59 106 Isle of Man and the Channel Islands 18 21 24 24 20 25 12 UK Overseas Territories 20 26 28 25 22 26 34 Source: Department for Transport UK Overseas Territories are: Anguilla, British Antarctic Territory, Bermuda, British Indian Ocean Territory, British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, Falkland Islands, Gibraltar, Montserrat, St Helena and Dependencies (Ascension Island and Tristan da Cunha), Turks and Caicos Islands, Pitcairn Islands, South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands. CHAPTER 3 - FORMATIONS, VESSELS, AIRCRAFT AND VEHICLES OF THE ARMED FORCES VESSELS

Table 3.7 Militarily useful British-registered merchant tankers, specialist and ﬁshing vessels by principal categories and sizes at 31 December each year

Militarily useful British-registered merchant vessels are vessels that could be requisitioned in the appropriate circumstances in support of the armed forces. Other types of ship might also be used in certain cases. Foreign-ﬂagged but British-owned ships could also be requisitioned in certain circumstances.

1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 Tankers, Specialist vessels & Fishing vessels 169 173 173 180 193 206 207 of which: United Kingdom 96 94 94 94 96 99 91 Isle of Man and the Channel Islands 44 51 47 41 49 53 55 UK Overseas Territories 29 28 32 45 48 54 61

Product and chemical tankers (2,000 to 80,000 dead weight tons) 94 102 101 109 125 146 163 90 of which: United Kingdom 39 41 39 37 42 50 56 Isle of Man and the Channel Islands 32 39 36 31 39 46 48 UK Overseas Territories 23 22 26 41 44 50 59

Large diving support vessels 13 13 12 11 11 10 5 of which: United Kingdom 7 7 6 7 7 6 3 Isle of Man and the Channel Islands 1 1 1 - - - - UK Overseas Territories 5 5 5 4 4 4 2

Large tugs (over 100t bollard pull) 14 13 12 11 11 8 8 of which: United Kingdom 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 Isle of Man and the Channel Islands 11 11 10 10 10 7 7 UK Overseas Territories 1 1 1 - - - -

Large ﬁshing vessels (over 2,000 horse power) 48 45 48 49 46 42 31 of which: United Kingdom 48 45 48 49 46 42 31 Isle of Man and the Channel Islands ------UK Overseas Territories ------Source: Department for Transport UK Overseas Territories are: Anguilla, British Antarctic Territory, Bermuda, British Indian Ocean Territory, British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, Falkland Islands, Gibraltar, Montserrat, St Helena and Dependencies (Ascension Island and Tristan da Cunha), Turks and Caicos Islands, Pitcairn Islands, South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands. CHAPTER 3 - FORMATIONS, VESSELS, AIRCRAFT AND VEHICLES OF THE ARMED FORCES AIRCRAFT

Table 3.8 Required Operating Fleets by type of aircraft for the Royal Navy Fleet Air Arm at 1 April each year

The Required Operating Fleet is the total number of aircraft needed to undertake the deﬁned military task.

Required Operating Fleet

Aircraft type Aircraft role 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

Merlin Mk 1 1 Anti-Submarine 12 21 21 27 33

Lynx Mk 3 Anti-Submarine / Anti-Ship 34 30 31 29 29

Lynx Mk 8 Anti-Submarine / Anti-Ship 25 28 26 26 26

Sea King Mk 2 AEW 2 Airborne Early Warning 10 7 5 - -

Sea King Mk 5 Anti-Submarine and Search & Rescue 8 9 10 12 12

1 Sea King MK 6 Anti-Submarine 35 25 15 8 3 91 Sea King Mk 7 ASAC 2 Airborne Surveillance and Area Control - 2 5 10 10

Hawk Fleet Training Support 15 15 15 15 15

Jetstream T2 Aircrew Training 7 8 8 8 8

Jetstream T3 Aircrew Training and Support 3 3 3 3 3

Source: MOD Resources & Programmes

1. The Sea King Mk 6 is gradually being replaced by the Merlin Mk1 in the anti-submarine role. 2. The Sea King Mk 2 has been replaced by the Sea King Mk 7 in the Airborne Surveillance role. CHAPTER 3 - FORMATIONS, VESSELS, AIRCRAFT AND VEHICLES OF THE ARMED FORCES AIRCRAFT

Table 3.9 Required Operating Fleets by type of aircraft for the Royal Air Force Strike Command at 1 April each year Aircraft Role Aircraft type 1990 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Strike / Attack Tornado GR 108 72 72 60 60 603 60 60 60

Offensive Support Jaguar GR1/A/3/3A 24 24 24 22 22 224 22 22 22 Jaguar T2A/T4 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 Harrier GR3/5/71 50 42 42 39 || * * * * * Harrier T4/101 5 3 3 3 || * * * * *

Reconnaissance Tornado GR 24 26 26 24 24 24 24 24 24 Jaguar GR1A/3/3A 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 Jaguar T2A/T4 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

Nimrod R1 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 Canberra PR9 3 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 92 Canberra T4 6 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

Maritime Patrol Nimrod MR2 32 24 24 23 22 20 20 20 20

Air Defence Tornado F3 78 84 84 70 70 705 705 705 70

Airborne Early Warning Sentry AEW - 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6

Air Transport / Hercules C1/C3/C4/C5 54 45 45 45 45 45 45 516 51 Air Refuelling VC10 C1K 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 VC10 K3 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 VC10 K4 - 5 5 5 5 5 5 4 4

Tristar K1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Tristar KC1 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 Tristar C2 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3

BAe 125 CC3 10 7 7 5 5 5 5 5 5 BAe 146 CC2 2 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 C-17 - - - - - 4 4 4 4

Support Helicopters2 Chinook 23 22 22 31 || * * * * * Puma 31 29 33 33 || * * * * * Wessex 41 17 11 10 || * * * * *

Search and Rescue7 Sea King HAR3 / 3A 14 16 16 16 16 16 16 18 18

Source: MOD Resources & Programmes 1. Harrier aircraft were transferred to the Joint Force Harrier on 1 April 2000. See table 3.11. 2. Support helicopters were transferred to the Joint Helicopter Command on 1 October 1999. See table 3.11. 3. Excludes two ‘operational’ Tornado GR aircraft in the STC Operational Evaluation Unit. 4. Excludes an ‘operational’ Jaguar aircraft in the STC Operational Evaluation Unit. 5. Includes 4 Tornado F3 aircraft located at 1435 Flight (based in the Falkland Islands), and excludes 3 aircraft in the STC Operational Evaluation Unit. 6. Increase of six: one from the sustainment ﬂeet; ﬁve from the Hercules Operational Conversion Unit (OCU), which was disbanded in 2003, with aircraft and OCU crews split between the remaining Hercules squadrons. 7. Excludes two Sea King aircraft that are attached to 78 Sqn (based in the Falkland Islands). CHAPTER 3 - FORMATIONS, VESSELS, AIRCRAFT AND VEHICLES OF THE ARMED FORCES AIRCRAFT

Table 3.10 Required Operating Fleets by type of aircraft for the Royal Air Force Operational Conversion Units and Personnel & Training Command at 1 April each year Operational Conversion Units1

Aircraft Role Aircraft type 1990 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Strike / Attack Tornado GR 34 30 30 26 26 26 26 26 26

Offensive Support Jaguar GR1/A/3/3A 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 Jaguar T2A/T4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 Harrier GR3/5/72 13 9 9 9 || * * * * * Harrier T4/102 9 6 5 5 || * * * * *

Air Defence Tornado F3 S 9 9 9 9 10 9 9 9 9 Tornado F3 D 12 11 11 10 10 11 11 11 11

Air Transport Hercules C1/C3/C4/C5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 - 3 - 93

Support Helicopters Chinook 5 5 5 ------Puma 4 4 ------Wessex 5 ------

Search and Rescue Sea King HAR3 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 Source: MOD Resources & Programmes Personnel and Training Command

Aircraft Role Aircraft type 1990 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Elementary Training Tutor4 . . * * * * * * * * Fireﬂy4 . . * * * * * * * * Viking . . 82 82 82 82 82 82 82 87 Vigilant . . 53 53 53 53 53 55 61 61

Basic Training Tucano . . 66 73 78 75 74 76 73 73 Fireﬂy4 . . * * * * * * * * Jetstream T1 . . 10 10 10 10 10 9 9 9 Dominie T1 . . 8 8 8 8 8 9 9 7

Advanced Training Hawk T1/T1A/T1W . . 62 67 71 68 68 69 72 65 Squirrel HT14 . . * * * * * * * * Squirrel HT24 . . * * * * * * * * Grifﬁn HT14 . . * * * * * * * *

RAF Aerobatic Team Hawk T1/T1A . . 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 (Red Arrows) Source: MOD Resources & Programmes 1. Operational Conversion Units are used for converting aircrew to particular aircraft types. 2. Harrier aircraft were transferred to the Joint Force Harrier on 1 April 2000. See table 3.11. 3. Hercules OCU disbanded. Aircraft and crews allocated to the Hercules Transport Squadrons. 4. Tutor, Fireﬂy, Squirrel and Grifﬁn aircraft are owned by a private contractor. CHAPTER 3 - FORMATIONS, VESSELS, AIRCRAFT AND VEHICLES OF THE ARMED FORCES AIRCRAFT

Table 3.11 Required Operating Fleets by type of aircraft in the Joint Helicopter Command and Joint Force Harrier at 1 April each year The Required Operating Fleet is the total number of aircraft needed to undertake the deﬁned military task. The Joint Helicopter Command was formed on 1 October 1999. The Joint Force Harrier was formed on 1 April 2000.

Joint Helicopter Command Aircraft type 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Royal Navy Helicopters Sea King HC41 33 33 33 33 33 Lynx AH72 6 6 6 6 6 Gazelle2 3 9 9 8 8

Army Aviation Helicopters Lynx 122 119 117 116 116 Gazelle 118r 122 117 113 113

RAF Helicopters Chinook HC2 27r 31 31 31 31 94 Puma HC1 35r 37r 37r 37 37 Merlin Mk 3 - - - 18 18 Wessex HC1 8 8 8 -3 -

Joint Force Harrier Aircraft type 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Royal Navy Aircraft Sea Harrier FA21 26 26 26 26 17 Harrier T4 / T8 4 4 4 4 4

RAF Aircraft Harrier GR7 36 36 39 39 40 Harrier T10 3 3 3 3 3 Operational Conversion Units 4 RAF Aircraft Harrier GR7 9 9 9 9 8 Harrier T10 5 5 6 5 5 Source: MOD Resources & Programmes See Tables 3.9 and 3.10 for earlier data on RAF aircraft

1. Previous ﬁgures were the Aircraft Establishment. The Required Operational Fleet is the Aircraft Establishment plus the Air Engineering Pool (AEP). Sea King HC4 have an AEP of 4, and Sea Harrier FA2 an AEP of 2. 2. Operated by the Royal Navy, but owned by the Army and included in the Army Aviation Helicopter ﬁgures. 3. Withdrawn in 2002 and replaced by Merlin. 4. Operational Conversion Units are used for converting aircrew to particular aircraft types. CHAPTER 3 - FORMATIONS, VESSELS, AIRCRAFT AND VEHICLES OF THE ARMED FORCES CFE VEHICLES & AIRCRAFT Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe (CFE)

Conventional armaments and equipment limited by the Treaty are battle tanks, armoured combat vehicles, artillery, combat aircraft and attack helicopters subject to the numerical limitations set forth in Articles IV, V, VII, the Protocol on National Ceilings and the Protocol on Territorial Ceilings.

Conventional armaments and equipment subject to the Treaty means battle tanks, armoured combat vehicles, artillery, combat aircraft, primary trainer aircraft, unarmed trainer aircraft, combat helicopters, unarmed transport helicopters, armoured vehicle launched bridges, armoured personnel carrier look-alikes and armoured infantry ﬁghting vehicle look-alikes subject to information exchange in accordance with the Protocol on Information Exchange.

The following counting rules are taken from Article III of the CFE Treaty.

All battle tanks, armoured combat vehicles, artillery, combat aircraft and attack helicopters, as deﬁned in Article II, within the area of application shall be subject to the numerical limitations and other provisions set forth in Articles IV, V, VII, the Protocol on National Ceilings and the Protocol on Territorial Ceilings, with the exception of those which in a manner consistent with a State Party’s normal practices:

(A) Are in the process of manufacture, including manufacturing-related testing; 95

(B) Are used exclusively for the purposes of research and development;

(D) Are awaiting disposal, having been decommissioned from service in accordance with the provisions of Article IX;

(E) Are awaiting, or being refurbished for, export or re-export and are temporarily retained within the area of application. Such battle tanks, armoured combat vehicles, artillery, combat aircraft and attack helicopters shall be located elsewhere than at sites declared under the terms of Section V of the Protocol on Information Exchange or at no more than 10 such declared sites which shall have been notiﬁed in the previous year’s annual information exchange. In the latter case, they shall be separately distinguishable from conventional armaments and equipment limited by the Treaty;

(F) Are, in the case of armoured personnel carriers, armoured infantry ﬁghting vehicles (AIFVs), heavy armament combat vehicles (HACVs) or multi-purpose attack helicopters, held by organisations designed and structured to perform in peacetime internal security functions; or

(G) Are in transit through the area of application from a location outside the area of application to a ﬁnal destination outside the area of application, and are in the area of application for no longer than a total of seven days.

The term “area of application” means the entire land territory of the States Parties in Europe from the Atlantic Ocean to the Ural Mountains, which includes all the European island territories of the States Parties, including the Faroe Islands of the Kingdom of Denmark, Svalbard including Bear Island of the Kingdom of Norway, the islands of Azores and Madeira of the Portuguese Republic, the Canary Islands of the Kingdom of Spain and Franz Josef Land and Novaya Zemlya of the Russian Federation.

In the case of the Republic of Kazakhstan and the Russian Federation, the area of application includes all territory lying west of the Ural River and the Caspian Sea.

In the case of the Republic of Turkey, the area of application includes the territory of the Republic of Turkey north and west of a line extending from the point of intersection of the Turkish border with the 39th parallel to Muradiye, Patnos, Karayazi, Tekman, Kemaliye, Feke, Ceyhan, Dogankent, Gözne and thence to the sea. CHAPTER 3 - FORMATIONS, VESSELS, AIRCRAFT AND VEHICLES OF THE ARMED FORCES CFE VEHICLES & AIRCRAFT Descriptions of equipments

The following descriptions are taken from Article II of the CFE Treaty.

The term “battle tank” means a self-propelled armoured fighting vehicle, capable of heavy firepower, primarily of a high muzzle velocity direct fire main gun, necessary to engage armoured and other targets, with high cross-country mobility, with a high level of self-protection, and which is not designed and equipped primarily to transport combat troops. Such armoured vehicles serve as the principal weapon system of ground-force tank and other armoured formations.

Battle tanks are tracked armoured ﬁghting vehicles which weigh at least 16.5 metric tons unladen weight and which are armed with a 360-degree traverse gun of at least 75 millimetres calibre. In addition, any wheeled armoured ﬁghting vehicles entering into service which meet all the other criteria stated above shall also be deemed battle tanks.

The term “artillery” means large calibre systems capable of engaging ground targets by delivering primarily indirect fire. Such artillery systems provide the essential indirect fire support to combined arms formations. Large calibre artillery systems are guns, howitzers and artillery pieces combining the characteristics of guns and howitzers, mortars and multiple launch rocket systems with a calibre of 100 millimetres and above. In addition, any future large calibre direct 96 fire system which has a secondary effective indirect fire capability shall be counted against the artillery ceilings.

The term “armoured combat vehicle” means a self-propelled vehicle with armoured protection and cross-country capability. Armoured combat vehicles include armoured personnel carriers, armoured infantry ﬁghting vehicles and heavy armament combat vehicles.

The term “armoured personnel carrier” means an armoured combat vehicle which is designed and equipped to transport a combat infantry squad and which, as a rule, is armed with an integral or organic weapon of less then 20 millimetres calibre.

The term “armoured infantry fighting vehicle” means an armoured combat vehicle which is designed and equipped primarily to transport a combat infantry squad, which normally provides the capability for the troops to deliver fire from inside the vehicle under armoured protection, and which is armed with an integral or organic cannon of at least 20 millimetres calibre and sometimes an anti-tank missile launcher. Armoured infantry fighting vehicles serve as the principal weapon system of armoured infantry or mechanised infantry or motorised infantry formations and units of ground forces.

The term “heavy armament combat vehicle” means an armoured combat vehicle with an integral or organic direct fire gun of at least 75 millimetres calibre, weighing at least 6.0 metric tonnes unladen weight, which does not fall within the definitions of an armoured personnel carrier, an armoured infantry fighting vehicle or a battle tank.

The terms “armoured personnel carrier look-alike” and “armoured infantry fighting vehicle look-alike” mean an armoured vehicle based on the same chassis as, and externally similar to, an armoured personnel carrier or armoured infantry fighting vehicle, respectively, which does not have a cannon or gun of 20 millimetres calibre or greater and which has been constructed or modified in such a way as not to permit the transportation of a combat infantry squad. Taking into account the provisions of the Geneva Convention “For the Amelioration of the Conditions of the Wounded and Sick in Armed Forces in the Field” of 12 August 1949 that confer a special status on ambulances, armoured personnel carrier ambulances shall not be deemed armoured combat vehicles or armoured personnel carrier look- alikes.

The term “armoured vehicle launched bridge” means a self-propelled armoured transporter-launcher vehicle capable of carrying and, through built-in mechanisms, of emplacing and retrieving a bridge structure. Such a vehicle with a bridge structure operates as an integrated system.

The term “combat helicopter” means a rotary wing aircraft armed and equipped to engage targets or equipped to perform other military functions.

The term “attack helicopter” means a combat helicopter equipped to employ anti-armour, air-to-ground, or air-to-air guided weapons and equipped with an integrated ﬁre control and aiming system for these weapons. The term “attack helicopter” comprises specialised attack helicopters and multi-purpose attack helicopters. CHAPTER 3 - FORMATIONS, VESSELS, AIRCRAFT AND VEHICLES OF THE ARMED FORCES CFE VEHICLES & AIRCRAFT The term “specialised attack helicopter” means an attack helicopter that is designed primarily to employ guided weapons.

The term “multi-purpose attack helicopter” means an attack helicopter designed to perform multiple military functions and equipped to employ guided weapons.

The term “combat aircraft” means a ﬁxed-wing or variable-geometry wing aircraft armed and equipped to engage targets by employing guided missiles, unguided rockets, bombs, guns, cannons, or other weapons of destruction, as well as any model or version of such an aircraft which performs other military functions such as reconnaissance or electronic warfare. The term “combat aircraft” does not include primary trainer aircraft.

97 CHAPTER 3 - FORMATIONS, VESSELS, AIRCRAFT AND VEHICLES OF THE ARMED FORCES CFE VEHICLES & AIRCRAFT

Table 3.12 Tanks and Artillery Holdings in the UK, Germany, Cyprus & Gibraltar within the scope of the Conventional Armed Forces in Europe Treaty at 1 January each year 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 20035 2004 4 Battle Tanks1 662 521 505 542 584 612 608 560 421 Challenger 1 396 396 398 396 410 374 248 178 46 Challenger 2 23 19 20 91 160 231 329 341 331

4 Chieftain3 232 98 79 55 14 7 22 30 32 4 Centurion3 11 8 8 - - - 9 11 12

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 20035 2004 4 Artillery2 536 436 431 429 424 418 459 441 416 Multiple Launch Rocket System 63 63 63 63 63 63 64 62 62 105 mm Light Gun 190 149 149 146 146 140 149 133 146 98 AS90 155mm Gun 163 164 164 164 164 164 165 152 149 FH70 155m Towed Howitzer 70 48 46 49 44 44 48 47 11

4 105 mm Pack Howitzer3 3 3 3 3 3 3 15 24 25 4 5.5” Towed Howitzer3 7 3 3 1 1 1 8 12 12 4 Abbot 105mm Self-Propelled Gun3 4 4 1 1 1 1 5 5 5 4 M110 8” Self-Propelled Howitzer3 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 4 4 M109 155mm Self-Propelled Howitzer3 34 ------4 Tampella Mortar3 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 Source: MOD Military Operations (Arms Control) 1. A battle tank is a self-propelled, tracked, armoured, fighting vehicle, capable of heavy firepower, primarily of a high muzzle velocity direct fire main gun, necessary to engage armoured and other targets, with high cross-country mobility, with a high level of self-protection, and which is not designed and equipped primarily to transport combat troops. It weighs at least 16.5 metric tonnes and is armed with a 360-degree traverse gun of at least 75 millimetres calibre. Battle tanks also include any wheeled, armoured, fighting vehicles entering into service which meet all the other criteria listed above. 2. Artillery are large calibre systems capable of engaging ground targets by delivering primarily indirect fire. They are guns, howitzers, artillery pieces combining the characteristics of guns and howitzers, mortars and multiple launch rocket systems with a calibre of 100 millimetres and above. 3. Obsolete non-operational equipment used as training aids, gate guardians and museum pieces on CFE declared sites. 4. Obsolete equipment used for static display, training aids & targetry are included in the reported figures from 2002. 5. Excludes treaty subject equipment that are at repair & maintenance facilities operated by the Army Base Repair Organisation and the Defence Aviation Repair Agency that became Government Trading Funds in April 2002. CHAPTER 3 - FORMATIONS, VESSELS, AIRCRAFT AND VEHICLES OF THE ARMED FORCES CFE VEHICLES & AIRCRAFT

Table 3.13 Armoured Combat Vehicle Holdings in the UK, Germany, Cyprus & Gibraltar within the scope of the Conventional Armed Forces in Europe Treaty at 1 January each year

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 20032 2004 Armoured Combat Vehicles 2 574 2 411 2 449 2 396 2 330 2 355 2 344 2 361 2 403 Warrior 528 523 528 528 527 523 530 484 482 AFV 432 Rarden 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 7 4 AFV 432 972 892 889 809 748 789 786 790 811 Saxon 410 424 484 491 501 503 469 465 482 Spartan 501 495 511 537 529 523 509 573 557 Stormer ------10 13 13 Scorpion 138 59 21 17 11 4 20 18 23

Humber1 1 1 1 - - - - 1 2 Saracen1 9 4 2 2 2 1 2 2 3 Saladin1 4 2 2 1 1 1 7 8 8 Viking 4 ------18 99

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 20032 2004 Armoured Combat Vehicle Lookalikes 1 058 1 016 1 048 1 097 || 1 609 1 632 1 695 1 515 1 486 Warrior RA 66 68 70 73 70 76 74 63 59 Warrior Rep 97 90 92 96 91 97 97 92 89 Warrior Rec 32 36 37 39 38 39 39 34 37

AFV 4343 - - - - || 162 165 167 157 157 AFV 435 ------AFV 432 81mm Mortar 69 75 75 78 78 86 88 83 73 AFV 432 CP/RA 95 104 113 140 135 119 117 111 113 AFV 432 Cymbeline 23 23 15 22 17 17 17 8 13 AFV 432 EW 5 5 5 5 12 11 17 13 18 AFV 436 223 231 227 228 236 225 234 236 234 AFV 439 65 44 47 47 47 47 48 45 44

Samson 80 82 77 82 80 78 78 74 71 Saracen CP1 - - 2 - - - 1 - - Saxon AD 23 28 31 33 27 25 25 19 9 Saxon CP 30 30 42 38 40 38 67 45 43 Saxon FCC 32 20 28 27 27 27 31 33 41 Saxon Maintenance 31 31 38 36 37 37 37 36 30

Shielder3 - - - - || - - 28 26 25 Spartan Milan 35 10 8 13 - - 9 10 9 Spartan Javelin 70 72 72 60 68 68 52 - - Stormer HVM3 - - - - || 136 145 132 118 113 Striker 75 56 58 69 64 64 59 58 54 Sultan3 - - - - || 233 257 267 243 243 Fuchs NBC 7 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 20032 2004 Armoured Vehicle Launcher Bridge 48 49 46 43 43 46 53 46 45 Source: MOD Military Operations (Arms Control) 1. Obsolete non-operational equipment used as training aids, gate guardians and museum pieces on CFE declared sites. 2. Excludes treaty subject equipment that are at repair & maintenance facilities operated by the Army Base Repair Organisation and the Defence Aviation Repair Agency that became Government Trading Funds in April 2002. 3. These Armoured Combat Vehicle look-alikes are included in the reported ﬁgures from 2000. 4. These Armoured Combat Vehicles are included in the reported ﬁgures from 2004. CHAPTER 3 - FORMATIONS, VESSELS, AIRCRAFT AND VEHICLES OF THE ARMED FORCES CFE VEHICLES & AIRCRAFT

Table 3.14 Aircraft Holdings in the UK, Germany, Cyprus & Gibraltar within the scope of the Conventional Armed Forces in Europe Treaty at 1 January each year

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 20034 2004 Attack helicopters1 342 289 271 249 243 228 267 254 272 Lynx 125 116 117 117 115 101 108 95 98 Gazelle 167 154 153 132 128 122 133 120 117 Apache - - - - - 5 11 25 43 Wessex HC5C 5 1 1 ------

Scout2 45 18 - - - - || 15 5 14 14

100 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 20034 2004 Combat aircraft3 640 624 550 533 520 504 511 502 504 Canberra 15 13 11 11 11 10 11 11 10 Harrier 119 117 91 92 88 87 96 96 97 Jaguar 130 132 124 121 117 114 117 117 114 Tornado 331 324 293 286 284 283 277 269 275

Buccaneer2 6 6 5 3 2 - 1 1 1 F4 Phantom2 29 26 21 15 13 5 7 6 5 Hunter2 10 6 5 5 5 5 2 1 1 Lightning2 ------1 1 Source: MOD Military Operations (Arms Control) 1. An attack helicopter is a rotary wing aircraft armed and equipped to employ anti-armour, air-to-ground or air-to-air guided weapons and equipped with an integrated fire control and aiming system for these weapons. Attack helicopters comprises specialised attack helicopters and multi-purpose attack helicopters. A specialised attack helicopter is designed primarily to employ guided weapons. A multi-purpose attack helicopter is designed to perform multiple military functions and equipped to employ guided weapons. 2. Obsolete non-operational equipment used as training aids, gate guardians and museum pieces on CFE declared sites 3. A combat aircraft is a fixed-wing aircraft armed and equipped to engage targets by employing guided missiles, unguided rockets, bombs, guns, cannons, or other weapons of destruction, as well as any model or version of such an aircraft which performs other military functions such as reconnaissance or electronic warfare. It does not include primary trainer aircraft. 4. Excludes treaty subject equipment that are at repair & maintenance facilities operated by the Army Base Repair Organisation and the Defence Aviation Repair Agency that became Government Trading Funds in April 2002. 5. Obsolete equipment used for static display, training aids & targetry are included in the reported figures from 2002. CHAPTER 3 - FORMATIONS, VESSELS, AIRCRAFT AND VEHICLES OF THE ARMED FORCES CFE VEHICLES & AIRCRAFT

Table 3.15 Declared Tanks, Armoured Combat Vehicles & Artillery Holdings and Ceilings by country within the scope of the Conventional Armed Forces in Europe Treaty at 1 January 2003

Tanks 1 Armoured Combat Vehicles 1 Artillery 1

Countries not in NATO Holdings Ceiling Holdings Ceiling Holdings Ceiling Armenia 110 220 140 220 229 285 Azerbaijan 220 220 210 220 282 285 Belarus 1 586 1 800 2 504 2 600 1 499 1 615

Bulgaria2 1 474 1 475 1 857 2 000 1 737 1 750 Georgia 86 220 108 220 110 285 Moldova - 210 210 210 150 250

Romania2 1 258 1 375 1 854 2 100 1 238 1 475 Russia3 5 103 6 350 9 807 11 280 6 038 6 315 Slovakia2 271 478 524 683 374 383 101 Ukraine 3 784 4 080 4 740 5 050 3 692 4 040

Countries in NATO Holdings Ceiling Holdings Ceiling Holdings Ceiling Belgium 143 300 559 989 192 288 Canada - 77 - 263 - 32 Czech Republic 541 957 1 235 1 367 528 767

Denmark 238 335 299 336 405 446 France 1 069 1 226 3 323 3 700 750 1 192 Germany 2 368 3 444 2 381 3 281 1 672 2 255

Greece 1 723 1 735 2 141 2 498 1 901 1 920 Hungary 704 835 1 404 1 700 750 840 Italy 1 183 1 267 2 922 3 172 1 439 1 818

Netherlands 283 520 676 864 381 485 Norway 165 170 205 275 182 491 Poland 947 1 730 1 388 2 150 1 132 1 610

Portugal 187 300 347 430 377 450 Spain 568 750 987 1 588 1 015 1 276 Turkey 3 2 317 2 795 2 846 3 120 3 007 3 523

UK 560 843 2 361 3 017 441 583 USA 684 1 812 1 397 3 037 312 1 553

Source: Courtesy of The International Institute for Strategic Studies The data in this table are outside the scope of National Statistics because they are provided by an organisation outside the UK Govern- ment Statistical Service.

1. Includes Treaty Limited Equipment with land-based maritime sources such as Marines and Naval Infantry. 2. These countries joined NATO on 29 March 2004. 3. Manpower and Treaty Limited Equipment is only for that in the Atlantic to the Urals zone. CHAPTER 3 - FORMATIONS, VESSELS, AIRCRAFT AND VEHICLES OF THE ARMED FORCES CFE VEHICLES & AIRCRAFT

Table 3.16 Declared Attack Helicopters & Combat Aircraft Holdings & Ceilings by country within the scope of the Conventional Armed Forces in Europe Treaty at 1 January 2003

Attack helicopters Combat aircraft 1

Countries not in NATO Holdings Ceiling Holdings Ceiling Armenia 8 50 6 100 Azerbaijan 15 50 54 100 Belarus 55 80 210 294

Bulgaria 2 35 67 216 235 Georgia 3 50 7 100 Moldova - 50 - 50

Romania2 20 120 274 430 102 Russia3 445 855 2 358 3 416

Slovakia2 19 40 71 100 Ukraine 191 330 801 1 090

Countries in NATO Holdings Ceiling Holdings Ceiling Belgium 46 46 128 209 Canada - 13 - 90 Czech Republic 34 50 125 230

Denmark 12 18 65 82 France 255 374 577 800 Germany 199 280 375 765

Greece 20 65 505 650 Hungary 49 108 92 180 Italy 132 142 493 618

Netherlands 22 50 135 230 Norway - 24 66 100 Poland 111 130 195 460

Portugal - 26 100 160 Spain 28 80 166 310 Turkey3 28 130 358 750

UK 254 350 502 855 USA 115 396 235 784

1. Does not include land-based maritime aircraft, for which a separate limit has been set. 2. These countries joined NATO on 29 March 2004. 3. Manpower and Treaty Limited Equipment is only for that in the Atlantic to the Urals zone. CHAPTER 4 - AIRCRAFT LOSSES, CASUALTIES AND FLYING HOURS INTRODUCTION

This chapter contains information on aircraft accidents, losses and casualties, along with information on ﬂying hours and damage rates.

Tables 4.1 to 4.4 and 4.6 show information about air accidents that resulted in the loss of, or major damage to, helicopters and ﬁxed wing aircraft; and accidents that caused deaths or major injuries. These are accidents that happened after the aircrew had taken responsibility for the aircraft. They include accidents during military operations, but exclude aircraft losses caused by ‘hostile action’.

The layout of tables 4.4 and 4.6 have been changed to show aircraft type by role. Table 4.5 is a new table showing ﬂying hours by aircraft role and type. These tables are grouped by their role (Operational or Training) and by the categories of Fast Jet, Helicopters, and Transport and Reconnaissance. These groups have similar damage rates and the aircraft are presented in descending order of damage rates over the life of the aircraft.

Table 4.7 shows information about aircraft losses and aircrew casualties during military operations Granby and Telic.

Aircraft Accidents

Table 4.1 shows the number of helicopters and ﬁxed wing aircraft that were lost or badly damaged in air accidents by service each year. Table 4.2 shows the number of deaths and major injuries by service caused by aircraft air accidents each year. Table 4.3 shows aircraft air accidents and associated deaths and major injuries by type of aircraft in 2002 and 2003. Table 4.4 shows the number of aircraft lost or badly damaged in air accidents by aircraft role and type.

Aircraft Flying Hours and Damage rates

Table 4.5 shows thousands of hours ﬂown by aircraft role and type. 103 Table 4.6 shows the damage rates per ten thousand ﬂying hours by aircraft role and type.

Loss of an aircraft is when the aircraft is damaged beyond economic repair or is missing.

Major damage to an aircraft is damage that is not repairable on site because special facilities or equipment are needed.

Personnel killed are those who die within a year of the accident, or are missing, as a result of the accident.

Major injuries are those that result in an absence of more than 28 days, plus major bone fractures and second or third degree burns.

Aircraft losses and aircrew casualties during military operations

Table 4.7 shows aircraft losses and aircrew casualties during military operations.

More information on air operations in Operation Granby can be found at: http://www.raf.mod.uk/gulf/gulfhome.html More information on Operation Telic can be found at: http://www.operations.mod.uk/telic/index.htm

Key points

• 6 aircraft were lost or badly damaged in air accidents during 2003 including 3 aircraft lost during Operation Telic. • 11 people were killed in air accidents in 2003, of which 9 were killed during Operation Telic. • 2 people suffered major injuries in air accidents in 2003. • The damage rates for aircraft tend to be higher when the aircraft ﬁrst comes into service. • On average, Fast Jets tend to have higher accident rates than other aircraft types, for example Transport and Reconnaissance, which are very low. CHAPTER 4 - AIRCRAFT LOSSES, CASUALTIES AND FLYING HOURS

Table 4.1 Number of helicopters and ﬁxed wing aircraft that were lost or badly damaged in air accidents by service each year

These are aircraft damage caused by accidents that happened after the aircrew had taken responsibility for the aircraft. They include accidents during military operations, but exclude aircraft losses caused by ‘hostile action’. They include accidents to aircraft on MOD Defence Procurement Agency charge. Lost or badly damaged aircraft covers two categories of damage: Category 4 is damage that is not repairable on site because special facilities or equipment are needed. Category 5 is aircraft damaged beyond economic repair or missing.

1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 Aircraft lost or badly damaged 29 27 17 17 17 13 21 12 11 18 9 12 9 6 Helicopters 10 14 9 10 7 3 4 4 4 4 4 8 4 3 Fixed wing aircraft 19 13 8 7 10 10 17 8 7 14 5 4 5 3 Aircraft that were lost or badly damaged by service 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 Royal Navy 4 5 3 5 4 2 5 2 2 1 2 2 3 2 Helicopters 1 4 1 5 2 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 2 Fixed wing aircraft 3 1 2 - 2 1 4 1 - - 1 1 2 -

Army 7 6 4 2 4 1 2 2 2 3 2 4 1 1 Helicopters 6 6 4 1 4 1 2 2 2 2 2 4 1 1 Fixed wing aircraft 1 - - 1 - - - - - 1 - - - -

104 Royal Air Force 17 15 9 9 9 9 12 7 6 12 3 5 5 3 Helicopters 3 3 3 3 1 - - 1 - 1 1 2 2 - Fixed wing aircraft 14 12 6 6 8 9 12 6 6 11 2 3 3 3

Defence Procurement Agency 1 1 1 1 - 1 2 1 1 2 2 1 - - Helicopters - 1 1 1 - 1 1 - - - - 1 - - Fixed wing aircraft 1 - - - - - 1 1 1 2 2 - - - Source: DASA(Logistics)

Number of helicopters and ﬁxed wing aircraft that were lost or badly damaged in air accidents 30

Helicopters 25 Fixed wing aircraft

0 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 CHAPTER 4 - AIRCRAFT LOSSES, CASUALTIES AND FLYING HOURS

Table 4.2 Number of deaths and major injuries by service caused by aircraft air accidents each year These are deaths and major injuries caused by accidents that happened after the aircrew had taken responsibility for the aircraft. They include accidents during military operations, but exclude aircraft losses caused by ‘hostile action’.

They include accidents to aircraft on MOD Defence Procurement Agency charge. Service casualties are identiﬁed by their serving department and not which service owns the aircraft involved.

Personnel killed are those who die within a year of the accident, or are missing as a result of the accident. Major injuries are those that result in an absence of more than 28 days, plus major bone fractures and second or third degree burns.

1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 Personnel killed 20 10 8 17 363 16r 6 3 7 13 1 4 3 11 Naval Service 1 1 - - 1 - 2 2 - 1 - - - 3 6 Army 1 1 1 1 11 4 - - 3 3 1 2 - 2 Royal Air Force 18 8 7 10 9 9 3 3 3 6 - 2 - 2 Allied and foreign 2 ------1 - - - 1 Civilians - 1 - 5 16 1r 1 - - 3 - - - -

1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 Personnel injured 9 13 9 9 2 8 8 4 11r 7 5 - 12 2 Naval Service 1 - 4 5 2 1 2 4 3 3 2 3 - 7 - Army - 6 2 1 1 2 1 - 3 3 - - 3 - Royal Air Force 9 3 2 4 - 4 3 1 5r 2 1 - 1 2 Allied and foreign 2 ------Civilians - - - 2 ------1 - 1 - Source: DASA(Logistics) 105 1. Includes Royal Marines. 2. These are ofﬁcers on exchange from allied and foreign forces or serving with UK forces. 3. 13 service personnel and 16 civilians were killed on 2 June 1994 in an accident involving an RAF Chinook helicopter. Number of people killed in aircraft accidents 40

0 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 Number of people suffering major injuries in aircraft accidents 40

0 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 CHAPTER 4 - AIRCRAFT LOSSES, CASUALTIES AND FLYING HOURS

Table 4.3 Aircraft air accidents and associated deaths and major injuries by type of aircraft in 2002 and 2003 These are deaths and major injuries caused by accidents that happened after the aircrew had taken responsibility for the aircraft. They include accidents during military operations, but exclude aircraft losses caused by ‘hostile action’. They include accidents to aircraft on MOD Defence Procurement Agency charge, although there were no such air accidents in 2002 or 2003.

Service casualties Civilian casualties Date Aircraft type Parent service Killed 1 Injured 2 Killed 1 Injured 2 Total for 2002 3 11 - 1 21 January 2002 Puma HC1 RAF - 1 - - 15 February 2002 Hawk T1A RAF - - - - 6 March 2002 Lynx HMA8 3 Royal Navy - 1 - - 16 March 2002 Puma HC1 RAF - 3 - 1 10 April 2002 Lynx HMA8 3 Royal Navy - 1 - - 1 May 2002 Sea Harrier FA2 Royal Navy - 1 - - 17 May 2002 Tornado GR4 RAF - - - - 12 June 2002 Lynx HMA8 Royal Navy 2 1 - - 19 July 2002 Gazelle AH1 Army - 1 - - 2 August 2002 Harrier GR7 RAF - - - - 106 10 October 2002 Sea King HAS5 3 Royal Navy - 1 - - 13 November 2002 Sea King HC4 3 Royal Navy - 1 - - 5 December 2002 Harrier T8 Royal Navy 1 - - -

Total for 2003 11 2 - - 22 March 2003 4 Sea King Mk 7 5 Royal Navy 4 6 - - - 22 March 2003 4 Sea King Mk 7 5 Royal Navy 3 - - - 23 March 2003 4 Tornado GR4 7 RAF 2 - - - 23 July 2003 Hawk T1 RAF - 1 - - 25 August 2003 Tornado F3 RAF - 1 - - 22 December 2003 Gazelle AH1 Army 2 - - - Source: DASA(Logistics)

1. Personnel killed include those who die within a year of the accident, or are missing as a result of the accident. 2. Major injuries are those that cause an absence of more than 28 days, plus major bone fractures and second or third degree burns. 3. The damage to the aircraft was repairable on-site, i.e. the aircraft was not lost or badly damaged (category 4 or 5 of damage). 4. These accidents occurred during Operation Telic. 5. These two aircraft collided with each other over the northern Arabian Gulf. 6. These deaths were 3 Royal Navy and 1 US Navy personnel. 7. Engaged by a Patriot missile battery.

In addition a Royal Navy pilot and a civilian from the Royal Navy Historic Flight were killed in an accident involving a Fairey Fireﬂy on 12 July 2003.

In addition 8 British personnel from 3 Commando Brigade and 4 US aircrew were killed in an accident involving a US Marine Corps CH-46 Sea Knight helicopter on 21 March 2003 during Operation Telic. CHAPTER 4 - AIRCRAFT LOSSES, CASUALTIES AND FLYING HOURS

Table 4.4 Aircraft lost or badly damaged in air accidents by aircraft role and type These are accidents that happened after the aircrew had taken responsibility for the aircraft. They include accidents during military operations, but exclude aircraft losses caused by ‘hostile action’. Only aircraft types that ﬂew in 2003 are shown, except where marked with a footnote. These exclude accidents to aircraft on MOD Defence Procurement Agency charge.

up to 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 Total Years Operational 1974 to 1979 to 1984 to 1989 to 1994 to 1999 to 2003 to 2003 covered Fast Jet Sea Harrier * - 9 4 5 4 2 24 from 1979 Harrier GR7 * * * - 4 13 1 18 from 1988 Jaguar 1 19 24 9 4 6 2 65 from 1973 Tornado GR1 & GR4 * * 8 15 15 5 3 46 from 1980 Tornado F2 & F3 * * * 1 3 7 1 12 from 1985 Helicopters Merlin Mk 1 * * * * * - 1 1 from 1999 Sea King Mk 1/2/5/6/7 1 4 5 13 11 5 2 2 42 from 1969 Gazelle AH1 1 13 16 10 13 5 5 63 from 1973 Lynx AH1, 7 & 9 1 * 2 3 8 7 4 3 27 from 1977 Lynx Mk 2, 3 & 8 1 * * 4 2 4 3 2 15 from 1980 Chinook * * 1 5 2 1 - 9 from 1980 Puma 3 6 - - 3 1 4 17 from 1971 Sea King HC4 (RM) * - 3 - 2 - - 5 from 1979 Wessex (RAF) 4 3 - 3 4 - - 14 from 1960 Sea King HAR 3 * - - 1 1 - 1 3 from 1978 Agusta A109 * * ------from 1984 Apache * * * * * * - - from 2001 Merlin HC3 * * * * * * - - from 2001 107 Transport and Reconnaissance 2 Islander (Army) * * * - - 1 - 1 from 1989 Jetstream T2/3 (RN) * - - 1 - - - 1 from 1978 Nimrod - - 2 - - 2 - 4 from 1969 Hercules 4 - - - 1 1 - 6 from 1967 BAe 125 ------from 1971 BAe 146 * * ------from 1983 C17 * * * * * * - - from 2001 Sentry * * * * - - - - from 1991 Tristar * * ------from 1984 Twin Squirrel * * * * * - - - from 1996 VC10 ------from 1966 Training Fast Jet Harrier T4 & T8 (RN) 1 * - - 1 - 2 2 5 from 1979 Harrier T10 * * * * * 1 - 1 from 1995 Hawk (RAF) * - 12 14 3 6 4 39 from 1976 Hawk (RN) * * * * - - - - from 1994 Other Jetstream T1 1 ------1 from 1973 Tucano * * * - 1 1 - 2 from 1988 Dominie ------from 1965 Fireﬂy * * * * * - - - from 1996 Grifﬁn * * * * * - - - from 1997 Squirrel * * * * * - - - from 1997 Tutor * * * * * - - - from 1999 Source: DASA(Logistics)

Table 4.5 Thousand ﬂying hours by aircraft role and type

This is a new table, which shows thousands of ﬂying hours by operational and training aircraft ﬂown by the Royal Navy, Army and RAF during 2003.

up to 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 Total Years Operational 1974 to 1979 to 1984 to 1989 to 1994 to 1999 to 2003 to 2003 covered Fast Jet Sea Harrier * 0.3 20.4 29.4 27.3 23.9 20.0 121 from 1979 Harrier GR7 * * * 3.1 44.3 65.8 47.2 160 from 1988 Jaguar 5.7 159.1 175.4 94.2 72.4 62.5 46.7 616 from 1973 Tornado GR1 & GR4 * * 54.7 217.2 205.1 152.9 100.1 730 from 1980 Tornado F2 & F3 * * * 47.0 160.1 128.3 83.1 418 from 1985 Helicopters Merlin Mk 1 * * * * * 0.7 13.5 14 from 1999 Sea King Mk 1/2/5/6/7 1 65.6 77.9 114.5 145.0 121.8 109.9 49.2 684 from 1969 Gazelle AH1 5.8 166.7 256.2 298.9 301.3 260.9 140.5 1 430 from 1973 Lynx AH1, 7 & 9 1 * 10.0 90.3 126.7 156.8 149.3 93.7 627 from 1977 Lynx Mk 2, 3 & 8 1 * * 60.0 88.2 85.4 71.7 44.9 350 from 1980 Chinook * * 30.2 55.3 41.4 54.4 42.0 223 from 1980 Puma 31.8 58.6 69.8 75.1 71.6 72.0 54.7 434 from 1971 Sea King HC4 (RM) * - 16.5 53.4 62.7 66.9 48.0 248 from 1979 Wessex (RAF) 182.1 119.3 134.0 146.0 131.6 63.5 12.6 789 from 1960 Sea King HAR 3 * 8.4 35.8 43.8 46.9 54.1 40.4 229 from 1978 Agusta A109 * * 0.3 4.9 4.9 5.0 4.1 19 from 1984 108 Apache * * * * * * 5.1 5 from 2001 Merlin HC3 * * * * * * 5.2 5 from 2001 Transport and Reconnaissance 2 Islander (Army) * * * 1.8 14.0 11.9 9.2 37 from 1989 Jetstream T2/3 (RN) * 2.9 23.8 36.8 36.6 19.8 15.4 135 from 1978 Nimrod 83.3 108.1 91.3 93.9 77.4 65.5 48.7 568 from 1969 Hercules 351.7 203.2 218.2 222.7 235.4 193.9 148.5 1 574 from 1967 BAe 125 8.6 12.4 14.0 25.6 23.7 16.0 9.7 110 from 1971 BAe 146 * * 1.2 4.2 7.7 6.5 4.3 24 from 1983 C17 * * * * * * 13.2 13 from 2001 Sentry * * * * 16.9 24.6 19.1 61 from 1991 Tristar * * 2.0 26.9 47.4 48.3 40.6 165 from 1984 Twin Squirrel * * * * * 3.2 3.7 7 from 1996 VC10 146.1 84.6 74.7 76.9 63.0 63.4 48.4 557 from 1966

Training Fast Jet Harrier T4 & T8 (RN) 1 * 0.1 1.4 2.4 2.9 3.5 2.6 13 from 1979 Harrier T10 * * * * * 10.1 6.2 16 from 1995 Hawk (RAF) * 41.2 192.1 204.0 184.7 125.5 109.5 857 from 1976 Hawk (RN) * * * * 1.6 18.1 14.8 34 from 1994 Other Jetstream T1 1.4 9.6 22.2 24.7 22.0 22.0 18.6 121 from 1973 Tucano * * * 1.3 103.8 98.1 80.3 283 from 1988 Dominie 76.7 42.7 49.9 51.6 32.5 19.4 17.9 291 from 1965 Firefly * * * * * 48.3 52.4 101 from 1996 Griffin * * * * * 17.6 25.7 43 from 1997 Squirrel * * * * * 49.3 74.8 124 from 1997 Tutor * * * * * 0.3 135.8 136 from 1999 Source: DASA(Logistics) 1. These aircraft types include variants not flown in 2003, for historical comparison. 2. The Canberra PR9 flew in 2003 but has been excluded due to a lack of historical data for each variant. CHAPTER 4 - AIRCRAFT LOSSES, CASUALTIES AND FLYING HOURS

Table 4.6 Damage rates per ten thousand ﬂying hours by aircraft role and type

These are damage rates per ten thousand ﬂying hours of the numbers of aircraft that were lost or badly damaged in accidents that happened after the aircrew had taken responsibility for the aircraft. They include accidents during military operations, but exclude aircraft losses caused by ‘hostile action’. Only aircraft types that ﬂew in 2003 are shown, except where marked with a footnote. These exclude accidents to aircraft on MOD Defence Procurement Agency charge.

up to 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 Average Years Operational 1974 to 1979 to 1984 to 1989 to 1994 to 1999 to 2003 to 2003 covered Fast Jet Sea Harrier * - 4.41 1.36 1.83 1.68 1.00 1.98 from 1979 Harrier GR7 * * * - 0.90 1.97 0.21 1.12 from 1988 Jaguar 1.76 1.19 1.37 0.96 0.55 0.96 0.43 1.06 from 1973 Tornado GR1 & GR4 * * 1.46 0.69 0.73 0.33 0.30 0.63 from 1980 Tornado F2 & F3 * * * 0.21 0.19 0.55 0.12 0.29 from 1985 Helicopters Merlin Mk 1 * * * * * - 0.74 0.70 from 1999 Sea King Mk 1/2/5/6/7 1 0.61 0.64 1.14 0.76 0.41 0.18 0.41 0.61 from 1969 Gazelle AH1 1.74 0.78 0.62 0.33 0.43 0.19 0.36 0.44 from 1973 Lynx AH1, 7 & 9 1 * 2.01 0.33 0.63 0.45 0.27 0.32 0.43 from 1977 Lynx Mk 2, 3 & 8 1 * * 0.67 0.23 0.47 0.42 0.45 0.43 from 1980 Chinook * * 0.33 0.90 0.48 0.18 - 0.40 from 1980 Puma 0.94 1.02 - - 0.42 0.14 0.73 0.39 from 1971 Sea King HC4 (RM) * - 1.81 - 0.32 - - 0.20 from 1979 Wessex (RAF) 0.22 0.25 - 0.21 0.30 - - 0.18 from 1960 Sea King HAR 3 * - - 0.23 0.21 - 0.25 0.13 from 1978 Agusta A109 * * ------from 1984 109 Apache * * * * * * - - from 2001 Merlin HC3 * * * * * * - - from 2001 Transport and Reconnaissance 2 Islander (Army) * * * - - 0.84 - 0.27 from 1989 Jetstream T2/3 (RN) * - - 0.27 - - - 0.07 from 1978 Nimrod - - 0.22 - - 0.31 - 0.07 from 1969 Hercules 0.11 - - - 0.04 0.05 - 0.04 from 1967 BAe 125 ------from 1971 BAe 146 * * ------from 1983 C17 * * * * * * - - from 2001 Sentry * * * * - - - - from 1991 Tristar * * ------from 1984 Twin Squirrel * * * * * - - - from 1996 VC10 ------from 1966 Training Fast Jet Harrier T4 & T8 (RN) 1 * - - 4.16 - 5.74 7.66 3.90 from 1979 Harrier T10 * * * * * 0.99 - 0.61 from 1995 Hawk (RAF) * - 0.62 0.69 0.16 0.48 0.37 0.46 from 1976 Hawk (RN) * * * * - - - - from 1994 Other Jetstream T1 6.95 3 ------0.08 from 1973 Tucano * * * - 0.10 r 0.10 - 0.07 from 1988 Dominie ------from 1965 Fireﬂy * * * * * - - - from 1996 Grifﬁn * * * * * - - - from 1997 Squirrel * * * * * - - - from 1997 Tutor * * * * * - - - from 1999 Source: DASA(Logistics)

1. These aircraft types include variants not flown in 2003, for historical comparison. 2. The Canberra PR9 flew in 2003 but has been excluded due to a lack of historical data for each variant. 3. The large damage rate up to 1974 for the Jetstream T1 is caused by 1 accident in a 2 year flying period, shortly after the aircraft entered service. CHAPTER 4 - AIRCRAFT LOSSES, CASUALTIES AND FLYING HOURS

Table 4.7 Aircraft losses and aircrew casualties during military operations RAF aircraft lost and aircrew casualties during the Gulf War in 1991 (Operation Granby)

More information on these losses can be found at the RAF Gulf War website at: http://www.raf.mod.uk/gulf/loss.html More information on air operations in Operation Granby can be found at: http://www.raf.mod.uk/gulf/gulfhome.html

Date Aircraft type Service Casualties Cause

17 January 1991 Tornado GR1 RAF 2 injured (minor) Hit by a surface-to-air missile

17 January 1991 Tornado GR1 RAF 2 killed Undetermined. Possibly hit by Anti-Aircraft-Artillery ﬁre

19 January 1991 Tornado GR1 RAF 2 injured Shot down by a surface-to-air missile

22 January 1991 Tornado GR1 RAF 2 killed Undetermined. Possibly hit by Anti-Aircraft-Artillery ﬁre

24 January 1991 Tornado GR1 RAF 2 injured (minor) Premature detonation of one or more 1,000lb bombs

14 February 1991 Tornado GR1 RAF 1 killed Hit by a surface-to-air missile 1 injured (minor)

RN and RAF aircraft lost and aircrew casualties during operations in Iraq in 2003 (Operation Telic) 110 More information on these losses can be found at the MOD website at: http://www.operations.mod.uk/telic/casualties.htm. More information on Operation Telic can be found at: http://www.operations.mod.uk/telic/index.htm. The Military Aircraft Accident Summary of the Tornado losses can be found at: http://www.mod.uk/linked_ﬁles/publications/foi/maaszg710.pdf.

Date Aircraft type Service Casualties 1 Cause

22 March 2003 Sea King Mk 7 Royal Navy 7 killed 2 Two helicopters collided in mid-air

23 March 2003 Tornado GR4 RAF 2 killed Engaged by a Patriot missile battery Source: MOD

1. 8 personnel from 3 Commando Brigade and 4 US aircrew were killed in an accident in involving a US Marine Corps CH-46 Sea Knight helicopter on 21 March 2003. 2. 6 Royal Navy and 1 US crew. CHAPTER 5 - SEARCH AND RESCUE

INTRODUCTION

The Military Search and Rescue Service

The Military Search and Rescue (SAR) service exists primarily to assist military and civilian aircrew in difﬁculty, although a large proportion of its work involves assisting shipping or people in distress, both on land and at sea. SAR cover for the United Kingdom and a large area of the surrounding sea is provided 24 hours a day and 365 days a year by the Royal Air Force and the Royal Navy.

Incidents can include long range medical evacuation from ships at sea, assistance to vessels in distress, cliff fallers, swimmers, divers and surfers. On land many callouts are to search for missing persons or to medrescue injured climbers, walkers, riders or those involved in road trafﬁc accidents. SAR units are also often called upon to provide hospital-to-hospital transfers. Missions can include the rescue of foreign mariners, assistance to foreign ﬂagged vessels or to other countries such as France.

Additional Search and Rescue services are provided by the Maritime and Coastguard Agency in the south of England, Stornaway in the Outer Hebrides and Sumburgh in the Shetland Islands. Callouts and People moved by the Maritime and Coastguard Agency are not included.

The Aeronautical Rescue Co-ordination Centre (ARCC)

In most rescues the RAF Aeronautical Rescue Co-ordination Centre at RAF Kinloss, which controls all aerial resources, works closely with the emergency services. The ARCC watches over an area from the Faeroes in the North, the English Channel in the South, about halfway across the Atlantic Ocean and halfway across the North Sea. The ARCC is permanently manned by experienced personnel, the majority of whom have served on maritime patrol aircraft or SAR helicopters. It has direct data and voice links with rescue assets in the UK and Europe. Detailed maps and charts are combined with an intimate knowledge of UK topography to enable controllers to match resources to tasks quickly and co-ordinate the rescue operation.

Table 5.1 shows the number of Military Search and Rescue incidents, callouts and people moved from 1983 to 2003.

Table 5.2 shows the number of callouts and people moved by UK Military Search and Rescue units split by Royal Navy and RAF helicopters, mountain rescue teams, ﬁxed wing aircraft and ships from 1983 to 2003.

More information about Royal Navy SAR can be found at: http://www.royal-navy.mod.uk/static/pages/2009.html More information about RAF SAR can be found at: http://www.raf.mod.uk/news/sarstats.html 111

Table 5.3 shows the number of callouts and people moved by UK Military Search and Rescue units by type of assistance from 1983 to 2003.

Table 5.4 shows the number of callouts and people moved by UK Military Search and Rescue units in each region from 1983 to 2003.

Table 5.5 is a map of UK Military Search and Rescue callouts in 2003.

Key Points

• In 2003, there were 1,676 UK or overseas incidents resulting in 1,809 callouts of Royal Navy and RAF Helicopters, Nimrod aircraft and Mountain Rescue Teams, who moved 1,330 people. • Incidents, callouts and people moved in 2003 were all up by about ﬁve per cent compared with 2002. • The numbers of incidents and callouts over the last three years are on average about ﬁfteen per cent lower than in the previous ten years. • The number of people moved each year has been similar for the last seven years. • 95% of callouts in 2003 were in or around the UK. The others were overseas, in or around Cyprus or the Falkland Islands. CHAPTER 5 - SEARCH AND RESCUE

INTRODUCTION

Revisions

Many historic ﬁgures have been revised since the 2003 edition of United Kingdom Defence Statistics as a result of a comprehensive data cleansing exercise. These were ﬁrst presented in the “Military Search and Rescue Statistics in 2003” statistical notice published on 19 February 2004, see http://www.dasa.mod.uk

The main effect is on the tables showing the counts of people moved. The improvements are due to four main reasons:

1. Some records showed a type of assistance that did not involve moving people, but which nevertheless showed one or more people moved. Investigations generally conﬁrmed that the type of assistance was correct, but that the number of people moved should have been zero. The impact in the “People Moved” tables is primarily in years up to and including 1998. The reduction in the number of people moved is about ten to twenty per year, with reductions of around ﬁfty in 1995 and 1996.

2. Similarly, some records showed a type of assistance that did involve moving people, but which nevertheless showed no people moved. Again investigations generally conﬁrmed that the type of assistance was correct, but that the number of people moved should not have been zero. The impact in the “People Moved” tables is primarily in years from 1997 onwards. The increase in the number of people moved is about ﬁfteen per year, with an increase of around forty in 1999.

These positive and negative changes counterbalance each other in some years.

3. Some records showed the incident as “civilian” but the people moved as “military” or vice versa. Some corrections reclassiﬁed the incident and some reclassiﬁed the people moved. The effect on the annual totals is to switch people moved from “military” to “civilian” and vice versa. The net changes are up to six per year.

4. Some records were not allocated to the correct Government Ofﬁce Region, and were mis-classiﬁed to “At Sea”. The impact is felt in the tables showing callouts and people moved by region. The effect is to switch about ten callouts and ten people moved from “At Sea” mainly into “South West” per year in the 1980s and early 1990s. This rises to around forty per year in recent years.

112 Other minor revisions were made to the 2002 ﬁgures in the 2004 Quarter 1 National Statistics Statistical Notice published on 30 April 2004. CHAPTER 5 - SEARCH AND RESCUE

Table 5.1 Military Search and Rescue incidents, callouts and people moved: 1983 - 2003 Incidents are emergencies attended by Royal Navy or Royal Air Force units whose primary task is Search and Rescue, plus other military aircraft and ships that are available to Aeronautical Rescue Co-ordination Centres.

Each Search and Rescue unit attending an incident is described as a callout. An incident may result in one or more callouts. An example is two callouts to a mountain incident, with a helicopter and a Mountain Rescue Team working together to assist a casualty. Callouts are for Royal Navy and RAF units whose primary task is Search and Rescue, plus other military aircraft and ships that attended incidents because they were available to Aeronautical Rescue Co-ordination Centres.

People moved involves moving people from a hostile environment to a safe environment or to a medical facility to receive urgent medical attention.

UK SAR units are co-ordinated by Aeronautical Rescue Co-ordination Centres at: Kinloss (Scotland), Aldergrove (N. Ireland) and Plymouth (SW England). Aldergrove closed in 2002. Plymouth closed in 1997. The overseas SAR units are based at RAF Akrotiri in Cyprus and Mount Pleasant in the Falkland Islands.

Incidents Callouts People Moved All UK Overseas All UK Overseas All UK Overseas r r 1983 1 280 1 169 111 1 479 1 364 115 1 195 1 063 132 r r 1984 1 284 1 157 127 1 477 1 348 129 1 318 1 176 142 r r 1985 1 238 1 145 93 1 444 1 341 103 1 193 1 100 93 r r 1986 1 290 1 202 88 1 506 1 412 94 983 896 87 r r 1987 1 502 1 409 93 1 770 1 674 96 1 166 1 050 116 r r r r 1988 1 762 1 670 92 2 073 1 971 102 1 540 1 409 131 r r r r 1989 1 748 1 701 47 2 061 2 007 54 1 514 1 432 82 r r r r r 1990 1 931 1 864 67 2 180 2 106r 74r 2 048 1 956 92 r r r r 1991 1 919 1 824 95 2 176 2 061 115 1 691 1 560 131 r r 1992 2 107 2 035 72 2 382 2 305 77 1 499 1 409 90 r r r r 1993 1 986 1 890 96 2 247 2 145 102 1 766 1 503 263 r r 1994 1 863 1 791 72 2 099 2 017 82 1 452 1 390 62 r r 1995 2 115 2 036 79 2 379 2 297 82 1 474 1 382 92 r r r 1996 1 995 1 919 76 2 241 2 164 77 1 620 1 550 70 r r r 1997 1 831 1 750 81 2 024 1 941 83 1 304 1 226 78 r r 1998 1 776 1 697 79 1 980 1 898 82 1 309 1 243 66 r r r r r r r 1999 1 787 1 714 73 1 988 1 912 76 1 269 1 204 65 113 r r r 2000 1 826 1 781 45 1 989 1 941 48 1 355 1 316 39 r r r 2001 1 645 1 608 37 1 800 1 763 37 1 207 1 182 25 r r r r r 2002 1 577 1 544 33 1 718r 1 684r 34 1 251 1 224 27 2003 1 676 1 599 77 1 809 1 714 95 1 330 1 270 60 Source: DASA(Logistics)

People Moved Military UK and Overseas Search and Rescue Callouts incidents, callouts and people moved Incidents

2500

2000 r e b

m 1500 u N

1000

500

0 3 7 7 8 6 5 2 5 2 4 1 0 3 0 8 9 3 6 4 1 9 8 9 8 8 9 8 8 8 9 9 0 8 9 9 9 0 9 0 9 9 0 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 0 9 9 9 9 0 9 0 9 9 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 2 1 2 1 1 2 Year CHAPTER 5 - SEARCH AND RESCUE

Table 5.2 Callouts and people moved by UK Military Search and Rescue units: 1983 - 2003 The primary role of Search & Rescue units is to recover military aircrew from crashed aircraft. However the vast majority of callouts are to assist the general public.

Royal Navy Search and Rescue helicopters: The Royal Navy’s SAR units are 771 Squadron based at the Royal Naval Air Station Culdrose (HMS Seahawk) in Cornwall and the HMS Gannet SAR Flight located at Glasgow Prestwick International Airport. Royal Air Force Search and Rescue helicopters: RAF Sea King rescue helicopters of Nos. 22 and 202 Squadrons operate from six locations - RAF Boulmer, RAF Valley, RAF Lossiemouth, RAF Leconﬁeld, RAF Chivenor and RAF Wattisham. Other helicopters: ‘Other’ types of helicopters are primarily Sea King helicopters operated by contractors. RAF Mountain Rescue Service: The Mountain Rescue Service HQ is based at RAF Stafford and coordinates the RAF’s ﬁve Mountain Rescue Teams (MRT) based at: RAF Kinloss, RAF Leuchars, RAF Leeming, RAF St Athan & RAF Stafford. RAF Nimrod: A specially equipped Nimrod maritime patrol aircraft, based at RAF Kinloss in Scotland, is always on standby and can be at the scene of an emergency quickly to act as “Top Cover” - an on-scene coordinator for helicopters or ships involved in the rescue operation.

Callouts 1 UK Helicopters MRT Fixed wing aircraft Ships Total RN RAF Other Nimrod Other Civilian Military 1983 1 364 329 896 10 46 71 5 7 1 233 131 1984 1 348 265 951 12 56 56 - 8 1 239 109 1985 1 341 272 952 12 33 62 6 4 1 222 119 1986 1 412 260 1 000 5 73 67 7 - 1 271 141 1987 1 674 350 1 154 11 79 71 9 - 1 465 209 1988 1 971 441 1 313 53 80 79 4 1 1 780 191 1989 2 007 423 1 347 71 77 77 5 7 1 833 174 1990 2 106r 488 1 375 77 83r 75 7 1 1 915 191 1991 2 061 465 1 333 74 92 83 9 5 1 887 174 1992 2 305 544 1 475 91 125 64 1 5 2 138 167 1993 2 145 606 1 260 47 149 73 2 8 1 973 172 1994 2 017 560 1 215 26 133 74 3 6 1 901 116 1995 2 297 665 1 392 24 125 78 6 7 2 177 120 1996 2 164 512 1 392 27 162 69 1 1 2 008 156 1997 1 941 495 1 258 16 88 79 2 3 1 833 108 1998 1 898 463 1 257 20 82 71 2 3 1 777 121 1999 1 912r 499 1 235r - 113 65 - - 1 786 126 114 2000 1 941 499 1 278 - 92 71 1 - 1 819 122 2001 1 763 502 1 115 - 91 54 1 - 1 660 103 2002 1 684r 436 1 122r - 79 46 1 - 1 586r 98 2003 1 714 424 1 173 - 80 37 - - 1 618 96 People UK Helicopters MRT Fixed wing aircraft Ships moved Total RN RAF Other Nimrod Other Civilian Military 1983 1 063r 248 776 4 32r - - 3 955r 108r 1984 1 176r 209 897 29 39r - - 2 1 107 69r 1985 1 100r 225 773r 89 10r - - 3 1 030r 70r 1986 896r 173 709 3 11r - - - 823r 73r 1987 1 050r 190 824r 7 29r - - - 952r 98r 1988 1 409r 243 1 052r 70 44r - - - 1 302r 107r 1989 1 432r 353 963 74 42r - - - 1 302r 130r 1990 1 956r 319 1 125 56 454r - 2 - 1 843r 113r 1991 1 560r 330 1 072 126 32r - - - 1 398r 162r 1992 1 409r 314r 998r 75 22r - - - 1 317r 92r 1993 1 503r 406 947r 51 97 - 2 - 1 384r 119r 1994 1 390r 369 892r 80 49 - - - 1 333 57r 1995 1 382r 412r 918r 11r 39r - -r 2 1 301r 81r 1996 1 550r 356r 1 084r 10 100r - - - 1 467r 83r 1997 1 226r 328r 877r 6 15r - - - 1 166r 60r 1998 1 243r 283r 937 11 12 - - - 1 138r 105r r r r r r r 1999 1 204 355 832 - 17 - - - 1 150 54 2000 1 316r 360r 934r - 22r - - - 1 267r 49r 2001 1 182r 386r 781r - 15 - - - 1 139r 43r 2002 1 224r 314r 900r - 10 - - - 1 181r 43r 2003 1 270 314 920 - 36 - - - 1 199 71 Source: DASA(Logistics)

1. While the UK total callouts have been revised in 1990 and 1999, the split between civilian and military was not published in UKDS prior to this edition and hence has no equivalent revisions. UK callouts in 2002 have been revised since the civilian and military ﬁgures were published in the 2003 Annual National Statistics Statistical Notice. CHAPTER 5 - SEARCH AND RESCUE

Table 5.3 Callouts and people moved by UK Military Search and Rescue units by type of assistance: 1983 - 2003 The types of assistance that involve moving people are as follows: Medrescue: Moving an injured casualty from a hostile environment to a medical facility. Rescue: Moving an uninjured person from a hostile to a benign environment. Medevac: Moving a sick person between medical facilities such as a hospital, or occasionally to move transplant organs. Recovery: Moving people declared dead on scene or conﬁrmed dead on arrival by a qualiﬁed doctor. Airlift: Moving military personnel, or their families, on compassionate grounds. The types of assistance that do not involve moving people are as follows: Search: Search for craft, people, etc which does not result in a recovery or rescue. Not Required: Arrived at the scene of an incident but no action needed. Recalled: Recalled from an incident whilst en route. Assist: Either: Deploying personnel or transporting equipment to the scene of an incident, or assisting people that excludes moving the persons from the scene of the incident. Top Cover: On-scene assistance, e.g. communications, that does not result in further intervention. Other: Includes False Alarm, Hoax, Precaution, Aborted and Civil Aid.

Callouts 1 Type of Assistance involving moving people Other Types of Assistance UK Med- Rescue Med- Recovery Airlift Search Not Recall Assist Top Other total rescue evac Req cover 1983 1 364 358 131 57 55 4 361 140 76 84 33 65 1984 1 348 392 115 78 60 6 380 101 66 66 33 51 1985 1 341 342 117 68 50 9 392 150 69 63 35 46 1986 1 412 389 93 80 63 10 370 115 85 92 46 69 1987 1 674 502 93 82 48 16 467 121 90 137 46 72 1988 1 971 526 153 78 55 18 557 182 106 123 100 73 1989 2 007 544 155 121 32 28 534 174 122 135 90 72 1990 2 106r 560 150 168 64 14 516 210 116 156 86 66 1991 2 061 608 132 171 16 22 492 172 142 125 90 91 1992 2 305 640 150 183 29 22 548 232 206 109 101 85 1993 2 145 634 132 181 26 10 429 166 199 125 127 116 1994 2 017 642 139 119 20 10 425 140 185 127 98 112 1995 2 297 678 132 212 33 15 514 207 162 190 89 65 1996 2 164 681 97 261 33 7 438 188 167 119 98 75 1997 1 941 590 98 220 50 5 351 187 172 92 90 86 1998 1 898 539 109 201 40 7 393 166 164 105 88 86 1999 1 912r 563 132 210 31 7 371 136 154 132 78 98 115 2000 1 941 607 135 230 24 16 366 173 131 95 87 77 2001 1 763 562 121 218 35 7 316 116 173 91 75 49 2002 1 684r 583 112r 198 21 5 311 101 171 61 65 56 2003 1 714 666 129 174 23 14 280 94 180 46 55 53 People UK Med- Rescue Med- Recovery Airlift moved total rescue evac Callouts by type of assistance: 2003 1983 1 063r 463r 458r 61 77r 4 1984 1 176r 507 488 88 87r 6 All Other 11% 1985 1 100r 425r 464 73 128 10 r r r 1986 896 487 215 85 98 11 Not Required 1987 1 050r 626r 224 101 71r 28r 5% 1988 1 409r 816 351r 85r 84 73 1989 1 432r 710r 462 130 49 81 1990 1 956r 800r 851 182 104 19 Rescue Medrescue 1991 1 560r 838r 432r 183 21 86r 8% 39% 1992 1 409r 792r 365 193 29 30 1993 1 503r 764 479 194 32 34 1994 1 390r 766 464 123 25 12 1995 1 382r 824r 275 220 43r 20r Medevac 1996 1 550r 921r 307 275 34r 13 10% 1997 1 226r 721r 219 224 54 8 1998 1 243r 667 317 209 43 7 1999 1 204r 640r 307r 216r 32 r 9r r r r r 2000 1 316 713 276 241 29 57 Recall 2001 1 182r 629r 281 228r 36 8r 11% 2002 1 224r 654r 343r 201r 21r 5r Search 16% 2003 1 270 785 271 174 25 15 1. While the UK total callouts have been revised in 1990 and 1999, the split by type of assistance was not published in UKDS prior to this edition and hence has no equivalent revisions. UK callouts in 2002 have been revised since the type of assistance ﬁgures were published in the 2003 Annual National Statistics Statistical Notice. CHAPTER 5 - SEARCH AND RESCUE

Table 5.4 Callouts and people moved by UK Military Search and Rescue units in each region: 1983 - 2003 Callouts are allocated to regions using coordinates provided by the Search and Rescue Units. The statistical regions of the United Kingdom are the Government Ofﬁce Regions for England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. The English regions are speciﬁed by local government counties or former counties as follows:

North East - Cleveland, Durham, Northumberland and Tyne and Wear North West - Cumbria, Cheshire, Greater Manchester, Lancashire and Merseyside Yorkshire and The Humber - North, South and West Yorkshire and Humberside East Midlands - Derbyshire, Leicestershire, Lincolnshire, Northamptonshire, Nottinghamshire West Midlands - Hereford and Worcester, Shropshire, Staffordshire, Warwickshire, West Midlands Eastern - Bedfordshire, Cambridgeshire, Essex, Hertfordshire, Norfolk, Suffolk South East - Berkshire, Bucks, East and West Sussex, Hampshire, Isle of Wight, Kent, Oxfordshire, Surrey South West - Avon, Cornwall, Devon, Dorset, Gloucestershire, Somerset, Wiltshire

Callouts UK North North Yorkshire East West Eastern London South South Wales Scotland Northern At total East West & Humber Midlands Midlands East West Ireland Sea 1983 1 364 32 47 56 28 2 43r - 149 203r 163 220 17 404r 1984 1 348 26 54 40 18 - 42r 1 96 188r 187 305 8 383r 1985 1 341 36 54 42 9 2 41 - 138 164r 185 247 12 411r 1986 1 412 34 60 64 18 3 56r - 126 158r 177 349 6 361r 1987 1 674 30 64 67 22 6 83r 5 140 247r 232 315 9 454r 1988 1 971 39 78 68 19 12 72 2 143 351r 274 373 11 529r 1989 2 007 40 67 70 35 4 85 9 100 385r 289 376 11 536r 1990 2 106r 55 83 60 37 11 62 3 115 364r 292 442 4 578r 1991 2 061 45 61 50 26 2 56 10 82 299r 297 549 13 571r 1992 2 305 57 98 64 42 5 89 3 92 356r 327 576 12 584r 1993 2 145 40 115 44 29 6 71 4 75 359r 297 577 12 516r 1994 2 017 50 114 64 24 18 59r 5 44 351r 311 469 25 483r 1995 2 297 35 122 96 48 10 54 3 49 414r 293 557 37 579r 1996 2 164 57 124 90 40 21r 94r 6 48r 315r 350 599 16 404r 1997 1 941 43 85 65 37 13 88r 5 45 321r 302 538 23 376r 1998 1 898 65 94 66 34 10 75 3 37r 305r 296 478 28 407r 1999 1 912r 62 86 75 50 6r 71 7 37 282r 279r 557 18 382r 2000 1 941 81 102 68 42 9 84 2 37 250r 244 577 15 430r 2001 1 763 39 63 81 34 11 76r 4 49r 332r 237 510 16 311r 116 2002 1 684r 75 88 81r 31 13r 71r 2 26 278r 285 444 13 277r 2003 1 714 94 82 91 26 9 94r 5 r 36 256r 287 477 11 246r

People moved UK North North Yorkshire East West Eastern London South South Wales Scotland Northern At total East West & Humber Midlands Midlands East West Ireland Sea 1983 1 063 12 51 31 12 2 33r - 99 129 139 145 43 367r 1984 1 176 13 60 28 14 - 31 - 74 128r 160 303 9 356r 1985 1 100 17 42 24 - 9 11 - 73 133r 150 177 2 462r 1986 896 26 62 39 6 1 26 - 64 107r 121 212 2 230r 1987 1 050 33 52 31 15 2 63r 4 83 121r 179 220 8 239r 1988 1 409 19 73 45 7 - 30 - 63 198r 215 303 17 439r 1989 1 432 21 53 42 23 2 47 13 29 262r 274 268 6 392r 1990 1 956r 39 92r 58 21 22 34 1 47 236r 695r 294r 2 415r 1991 1 560r 47 56r 37 10 - 21 5 34 156r 271r 370r 13 540r 1992 1 409r 26 76r 38 18r 4 46r 2 24 201r 212r 415r 6 341r 1993 1 503r 25r 79 25 10 2 31 3 41 200r 231 540r 8 308r 1994 1 390r 47 79 49 13 4 15 2 22 229r 258 320 9 343r 1995 1 382r 17 87r 63r 17r 4 24r 3 20 236r 228r 386r 23 274r 1996 1 550r 29r 109r 37 24 6r 42r 2 23r 193r 395r 477r 17 196r 1997 1 226r 28 49 53 14 5 21r 4r 18 200r 244r 390r 14r 186r 1998 1 243r 46 82 27 16 13 31 1 22 208r 217 322r 22 236r 1999 1 204r 39r 67r 38r 19 4r 31r 5r 18 208r 199r 360r 13 203r 2000 1 316r 63r 86 32 24 1 31 2 15r 194r 185r 365r 4 314r 2001 1 182r 27r 49 55 19 6 26 3 50r 218r 170r 322 10r 227r 2002 1 224r 43 71 33r 11 4r 26r 2 12 193r 228r 272r 15 314r 2003 1 270 63 72 61 14 3 54r 2 10 210r 266 357 6 152r Source: DASA(Logistics) CHAPTER 5 - SEARCH AND RESCUE

Table 5.5 Map of UK Military Search and Rescue callouts: 2003

117

Source: DASA(Logistics) CHAPTER 6 - LAND HOLDINGS AND BUILDINGS

INTRODUCTION

Land holdings – tables 6.1, 6.2 & 6.3 1,000 hectares = 3.86 sq miles

The Ministry of Defence is one of the largest landowners in the country with an estate equal to about 1% of the UK land mass. This land is vital if the Armed Forces are to carry out their responsibilities to the high standards that are expected of them. However, there is increasing pressure on this land for residential development, economic regeneration and recreation. MOD must be able to justify the need for all the land it holds and to demonstrate that it is properly managed.

The total area of the defence estate is some 371 thousand hectares (about 1,430 square miles) including rights over 131 thousand hectares. This is an area similar in size to Cornwall. It is held solely to support the delivery of defence capability. The Defence Estates Agency manages property assets ranging from barracks and airﬁelds to rural training areas. These are valued at about £14bn. The annual cost of new construction, maintenance and property management is about £1.5bn.

For more information, visit the Defence Estates website at: http://www.defence-estates.mod.uk/

Table 6.1 shows the area of land and foreshore split by parent service. The total area of land and foreshore owned is 240 thousand hectares. This is about the size of Dorset. The Army has the largest area at 157 thousand hectares, with access to a further 94 thousand hectares from various rights and grants.

Table 6.2 shows the area by country, with the largest area being in England at 189 thousand hectares with access to a further 41 thousand hectares in rights and grants.

Table 6.2 also shows the areas of Land and Foreshore holdings. Foreshore is the land between the low and high tide marks. The foreshore owned by MOD has a total area of 19 thousand hectares within the UK.

Table 6.3 shows the areas of land used for different purposes such as airﬁelds, training areas, barracks etc. Train- ing areas occupy the largest area at 284 thousand hectares (1,110 square miles), including rights of 120 thousand hectares.

Table 6.3 also shows the areas of land used for agricultural purposes.

Larger areas of the Defence Estate

Salisbury Plain, Wiltshire

Salisbury Plain Army Training Estate (ATE) is one of the most well known areas of all the MOD land. The Army has been connected with Salisbury Plain since 1897 and the total area of the current estate is just over 38,000 hectares. It is 25 miles by 10 miles (40km by 16km) and occupies about one ninth of the area of Wiltshire. 118 Much of the land is let to farmers or is grazed under license. Approximately 12,150 hectares of the land is used for live ﬁring and as impact areas. Public access is permanently restricted in certain areas for safety reasons.

Catterick ATE, Yorkshire

The area’s military history dates from as far back as 1798. Later, General Lord Baden-Powell, based in Richmond from 1908 to 1910, was tasked by the War Ofﬁce to establish a military Training Area in the north of England, and he chose Catterick. Its status as a permanent training centre was secured in 1921 and a period of intensive building followed. The land comprising the current Training Area was acquired between 1921 and 1985 and its current size is 5500 hectares.

In conjunction with military training, Catterick Training Area is predominantly used for livestock grazing, while the better in-bye land is farmed more intensively for hay, silage and arable crops.

Otterburn ATE, Northumberland

A military presence, in the form of Roman legions, existed in the Otterburn area as long ago as the ﬁrst and second centuries AD. In 1911, the War Ofﬁce bought 7,690 hectares of land and the artillery ranges were extended during the Second World War. CHAPTER 6 - LAND HOLDINGS AND BUILDINGS

INTRODUCTION

The area now consists of some 22,900 hectares of land, all owned by the MOD, and is the largest single ﬁring range in the UK. It is partitioned into three separate Danger Areas: Redesdale Range, Otterburn Range, Bellshiels Demolition Area and has three Outside Gun Areas. Some 30,000 soldiers use the area each year. The Cheviot Dry Training Area is to the north of these four areas.

Dartmoor ATE, Devon

Military training has taken place on Dartmoor since the early 1800s, being used intensively for tactical exercises with live ammunition during the Second World War. Today the MOD uses (by freehold, lease or license) approximately 12,760 hectares of the National Park’s 94,400 hectares designated in 1951. The Dartmoor Training Area is used for light forces’ exercises, mostly for Royal Marines and other units based in the south-west.

Parts of three Training Areas are used for live ﬁring: Okehampton, Merrivale and Willsworthy. When this land is not in use for live ﬁring, it is used for dry training with blank ammunition. There are smaller Training Areas at Cramber and Ringmoor, which is used for dry training.

RAF Spadeadam, Cumbria

Located on the edge of the Wark Forest between Hadrian’s Wall and the Scottish Borders. The land area is about 9000 acres, making it the largest RAF Station in the UK. The majority of this land is sub-let. The Range, which is contained within Low Flying Area 13, extends from Hawick in Scotland, south to Alston in England, and from Langholm in the West to Hexham in the East.

RAF Spadeadam is home to the Electronic Warfare Tactics Range, one of two such facilities in Europe, offering a unique facility for the training of aircrews in a hostile Electronic Warfare environment.

The 9000-acre site now occupied by the Range used to be known as the Spadeadam Wastes, mostly remote and uninhabited, until 1957 when the Intermediate Range Ballistic Missile Test Centre was built. The Range provides realistic Electronic Warfare training for aircrew, primarily for the RAF, but other NATO Air Forces use the range as well.

Services’ Family Accommodation – Tables 6.4 & 6.5

The Defence Housing Executive (DHE) took over responsibility for all housing services from the Armed Services on 1 April 1996. In November 1996 most of the MOD’s housing stock in England and Wales was sold to a private company, Annington Homes Limited (AHL). The homes retained for use by Service families were leased back, with the condition that the MOD release a certain number of houses each year for disposal by AHL.

On 1 April 2004 the DHE ceased to be an Agency and became a Business Unit within Defence Estates. The newly created Housing Business Unit of Defence Estates retains responsibility for managing all the Services’ family accommodation for the Royal Navy and Marines, the Army and the Royal Air Force. They operate through a network 119 of ofﬁces, currently organised into 9 Regions, which cover mainland Great Britain. These Regional ofﬁces report to the Housing Business Unit Headquarters, located in Ibex House in the City of London. The Housing Business Unit reports to the Chief Executive of Defence Estates.

Table 6.4 shows the total numbers of properties by country, the numbers of properties that are vacant, and the proportion of properties that are vacant.

Table 6.5 shows the numbers of properties by their Standard for Condition. CHAPTER 6 - LAND HOLDINGS AND BUILDINGS

Table 6.1 Land holdings by parent service area and whether owned, leased or with legal rights at 1 April each year in thousand hectares

1990 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Land & foreshore holdings and Rights held 1 344.0 364.1 363.0 363.6 363.3 367.7 366.1 371.1 371.0 Land and foreshore holdings 240.6 239.6 238.5 238.8 238.5 242.9 241.1 240.0 239.9

Freehold 225.1 223.9 220.7 220.3 219.9 222.1 220.7 219.6 219.5

Leasehold 15.5 15.7 17.8 18.5 18.6 20.8 20.4 20.4 20.4 Rights held 1 103.4 124.5 124.5 124.8 124.8 124.8 124.9 131.1 131.1

Royal Navy 39.7 39.4 39.4 39.2 39.3 44.0 43.9 43.8 43.8

Land and foreshore holdings 13.2 13.3 13.2 13.0 13.1 17.8 17.7 17.6 17.6

Freehold 10.8 10.9 10.7 10.5 10.7 15.3 15.2 15.1 15.1

Leasehold 2.4 2.4 2.5 2.5 2.4 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5

Rights held 1 26.5 26.1 26.2 26.2 26.2 26.2 26.2 26.2 26.2

Army 221.0 243.7 242.9 243.7 243.9 245.5 245.1 251.0 251.0

Land and foreshore holdings 154.3 155.9 155.2 155.7 155.9 157.5 157.0 156.7 156.7

Freehold 150.3 151.9 151.2 151.9 152.1 151.8 151.4 151.2 151.2

Leasehold 4.0 4.0 4.0 3.8 3.8 5.7 5.7 5.5 5.5

Rights held 1 66.7 87.8 87.7 88.0 88.0 88.0 88.1 94.3 94.3

Royal Air Force 54.3 52.2 49.9 49.3 48.6 47.5 46.7 46.7 46.7 Land and foreshore holdings 45.3 42.9 40.6 40.0 39.3 38.2 37.4 37.3 37.3 Freehold 37.4 34.8 32.5 31.6 30.9 29.9 29.0 28.9 28.9 Leasehold 7.9 8.1 8.1 8.4 8.4 8.3 8.3 8.4 8.4 Rights held 1 9.0 9.3 9.3 9.3 9.3 9.3 9.3 9.4 9.4

The Centre 2 29.0 27.5 27.5 27.3 27.4 26.5 26.5 25.9 25.9

Land and foreshore holdings 27.8 26.2 26.2 26.0 26.1 25.2 25.2 24.7 24.7

Freehold 26.6 25.2 25.2 25.1 25.1 24.2 24.2 23.7 23.7

Leasehold 1.2 1.0 1.0 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0

120 Rights held 1 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.2

Other 3 * 1.2 3.4 4.1 4.1 4.2 3.8 3.7 3.7

Land and foreshore holdings * 1.2 3.4 4.1 4.1 4.2 3.8 3.7 3.7

Freehold * 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.8 0.7 0.7

Leasehold * 0.1 2.3 3.1 3.1 3.2 3.0 3.0 3.0 Rights held 1 * ------Source: MOD Defence Estates These holdings include land declared as surplus to defence requirements. A thousand hectares is 3.86 square miles.

1. Rights held are Land and foreshore that are not owned by, or leased to MOD, but over which the Department has limited rights under grants and rights. 2. The Centre includes the Defence Procurement Agency and Central Staff. 3. Includes former Service married quarters leased by the Defence Housing Executive from Annington Property Ltd. CHAPTER 6 - LAND HOLDINGS AND BUILDINGS

Table 6.2 Land holdings by country and whether owned, leased or with legal rights at 1 April each year in thousand hectares 1990 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Land & foreshore holdings and Rights held 1 344.0 364.1 363.0 363.6 363.3 367.7 366.1 371.1 371.0 Land and foreshore holdings 240.6 239.6 238.5 238.8 238.5 242.9 241.1 240.0 239.9 Freehold 225.1 223.9 220.7 220.3 219.9 222.1 220.7 219.6 219.5 Leasehold 15.5 15.7 17.8 18.5 18.6 20.8 20.4 20.4 20.4 Rights held 1 103.4 124.5 124.5 124.8 124.8 124.8 124.9 131.1 131.1

England 226.0 226.9 225.8 226.6 226.3 226.2 224.6 229.8 229.7 Land and foreshore holdings 195.4 192.6 191.5 192.1 191.8 191.7 190.2 189.1 189.0 Freehold 182.9 179.8 176.7 176.6 176.2 173.9 172.8 171.7 171.6 Leasehold 12.5 12.8 14.8 15.5 15.6 17.8 17.4 17.4 17.4 Rights held 1 30.6 34.3 34.3 34.5 34.5 34.5 34.4 40.7 40.7

Wales 23.4 23.0 22.8 23.0 23.0 22.9 22.9 22.9 22.9 Land and foreshore holdings 21.0 20.9 20.7 20.8 20.8 20.7 20.7 20.7 20.7 Freehold 20.9 20.8 20.6 20.6 20.6 20.5 20.5 20.5 20.5 Leasehold 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 Rights held 1 2.4 2.1 2.1 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2

Scotland 91.2 110.9 110.9 110.7 110.7 115.3 115.2 115.2 115.2 Land and foreshore holdings 20.8 22.9 22.9 22.7 22.7 27.3 27.1 27.1 27.1 Freehold 18.3 20.4 20.4 20.2 20.2 24.8 24.6 24.6 24.6 Leasehold 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.6 2.5 2.5 Rights held 1 70.4 88.0 88.0 88.0 88.0 88.0 88.1 88.1 88.1

Northern Ireland 3.4 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.2 3.2 3.2 Land and foreshore holdings 3.4 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.1 3.1 3.1 Freehold 3.0 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.8 2.8 2.8 Leasehold 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 Rights held 1 - 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1

Land and foreshore holdings 240.6 239.6 238.5 238.8 238.5 242.9 241.0 240.0 239.9 Land 222.6 221.0 220.0 220.2 219.9 224.3 222.4 221.4 221.3 England 180.3 177.3 176.3 176.8 176.6 176.4 174.9 173.8 173.7 Wales 20.0 19.8 19.8 19.7 19.7 19.7 19.7 19.7 19.7 121 Scotland 19.2 20.8 20.8 20.6 20.6 25.2 25.0 25.0 25.0 Northern Ireland 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.0 3.0 2.9 2.9 2.9

Foreshore 18.0 18.6 18.6 18.6 18.6 18.6 18.6 18.6 18.6 England 15.1 15.3 15.3 15.3 15.3 15.3 15.3 15.3 15.3 Wales 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 Scotland 1.6 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 Northern Ireland 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 Source: MOD Defence Estates These holdings include land declared as surplus to defence requirements. A thousand hectares is 3.86 square miles.

1. Rights held are Land and foreshore that are not owned by, or leased to MOD, but over which the Department has limited rights under grants and rights. CHAPTER 6 - LAND HOLDINGS AND BUILDINGS

Table 6.3 Land holdings by type of use and whether owned, leased or with legal rights at 1 April each year in thousand hectares

1990 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Airﬁelds 28.3 28.9 27.0 26.8 26.2 26.7 26.5 26.7 26.7 Freehold 26.9 27.2 25.2 25.0 24.5 25.0 24.8 25.0 25.0 Leasehold 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 Rights 1 1.3 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5

Naval bases 1.3 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 Freehold 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 Leasehold - 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 Rights 1 ------

Training areas, ranges 254.8 278.4 277.8 278.1 278.2 283.6 283.5 283.9 283.9 Freehold 142.6 145.7 145.2 145.2 145.3 148.9 148.8 149.1 149.1 Leasehold 13.1 13.3 13.3 13.3 13.3 15.2 15.2 15.2 15.2 Rights 1 99.1 119.4 119.3 119.6 119.6 119.5 119.5 119.6 119.6

Barracks, camps 11.3 10.9 10.8 10.9 10.8 11.6 11.4 17.9 17.9 Freehold 10.2 10.2 10.0 9.9 10.0 10.8 10.6 10.7 10.7 Leasehold 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.5 0.5 Rights 1 0.9 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.5 6.7 6.7

Storage, supply depots 9.6 11.1 10.9 10.5 10.8 12.1 11.8 9.7 9.7 Freehold 9.5 10.6 10.4 10.3 10.3 11.6 11.3 9.2 9.2 Leasehold 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 Rights 1 - 0.4 0.4 0.1 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4

Research and Development 28.4 21.8 22.0 22.0 22.0 18.6 18.4 18.9 18.9 Freehold 26.5 20.3 20.5 20.5 20.5 17.0 16.8 17.4 17.4 Leasehold 1.2 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 Rights 1 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5

Radio & W/T stations 6.4 7.3 7.2 7.4 7.3 6.6 6.4 6.3 6.3 Freehold 5.6 5.8 5.6 5.8 5.6 5.3 5.1 5.0 5.0 122 Leasehold 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 Rights 1 0.4 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.1 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7

Miscellaneous 3.8 4.3 5.9 6.7 6.8 7.3 6.8 6.6 6.6 Freehold 2.5 2.8 2.5 2.5 2.4 2.4 2.2 2.2 2.2 Leasehold 0.3 0.3 2.3 3.0 3.2 3.3 2.9 2.7 2.7 Rights 1 1.0 1.2 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.7

Defence land used for agricultural purposes 2 110.8 96.2 103.5 114.5 92.2 98.6 91.8 103.0 100.5 Grazing only3 61.2 51.9 59.6 65.5 50.3 66.6 60.0 70.2 68.3 Full agricultural use4 49.6 44.3 43.9 49.0 41.9 32.0 31.8 32.8 32.2 Source: MoD Defence Estates These holdings include land declared as surplus to defence requirements. A thousand hectares is 3.86 square miles.

1. Rights held are Land and foreshore that are not owned by, or leased to MOD, but over which the Department has limited rights under grants and rights. 2. Included in the totals above. 3. The 2004 figures differ from 2003 due to changes in classifications of letting codes and subsequent data cleansing exercises. 4. The 2004 figures differ from 2003 due to small reductions in Essex training areas and data cleansing exercises. CHAPTER 6 - LAND HOLDINGS AND BUILDINGS

Charts to tables 6.1, 6.2 & 6.3. Analysis of land holdings at 1 April 2004

Parent Service area Other The Centre 1% 7%

Royal Navy 12%

Royal Air Force 13%

Army 67%

Country Northern Ireland Wales 1% 6%

Scotland 31%

England 62%

123

Type of Use Other 4% Storage, supply depots 3%

Barracks, camps 5%

Research and Development 5%

Airfields 7%

Training Areas, ranges 76% CHAPTER 6 - LAND HOLDINGS AND BUILDINGS

Table 6.4 Service family accommodation in the United Kingdom at 1 April each year in thousands of dwellings The Housing Business Unit of Defence Estates, which is an Agency of the Ministry of Defence, is responsible for Service Family Accommodation in England, Wales and Scotland. It currently manages some 50,000 properties.

Vacant properties

There are just under 7,700 vacant properties in England, Wales and Scotland. Some 2,200 of these are either awaiting incoming deployments or modernisation, while about 1,800 are planned for disposal. The remainder are available to let or are already under offer to incoming families.

Numbers of Occupants

The Housing Business Unit of Defence Estates provides accommodation for married Service personnel who are entitled to Service Family Accomodation (SFA) and other entitled and eligible personnel. Co-habitation is not permitted under present regulations. The Housing Business Unit manages and reports on the number of SFA occupied by these personnel in Great Britain, together with the number of substitute service family accommodation (SSFA) properties occupied by entitled Service personnel, i.e. those who would otherwise occupy SFA if it were available. SSFA is private property and is not part of DHE stock. It is provided under contract.

At 1 April 2004 there were approximately 41,500 Entitled & Eligible occupants in England, Wales & Scotland, including 800 in SSFA; and about 2,150 Entitled & Eligible occupants in Northern Ireland.

Permanent holdings 1990 1997 1998 1999 2000 20011 20022 2003 2004 United Kingdom 75.0 68.6 67.3 65.5 64.8 59.2 55.8 53.8 52.8 England & Wales * * * * 55.9 51.0 48.1 46.3 45.8 Scotland * * * * 5.7 5.0 4.5 4.3 4.1 Northern Ireland * * * * 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.2 2.9

Vacant accommodation 1990 1997 1998 1999 2000 20011 20022 2003 2004 United Kingdom 11.8 13.2 13.5 14.0 14.7 10.4 9.4 8.8 8.2 England & Wales * * * * 12.6 8.8 8.1 7.4 7.0 Scotland * * * * 1.7 1.0 0.7 0.8 0.7 Northern Ireland * * * * 0.4 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.5

Vacant properties as a percentage of all dwellings

1990 1997 1998 1999 2000 20011 20022 2003 2004 United Kingdom 16 19 20 21 23 18 17 16 16 124 England & Wales * * * * 23 17 17 16 15 Scotland * * * * 30 20 16 19 17 Northern Ireland * * * * 13 19 19 19 17 Source: Housing Business Unit of Defence Estates 1. Figures for 2001 are at 2 April. 2. Figures for 2002 are at 2 April. CHAPTER 6 - LAND HOLDINGS AND BUILDINGS

Table 6.5 Surveyed condition of Service family accommodation in Great Britain at March each year in thousands of dwellings The Housing Business Unit of Defence Estates is committed to upgrading all of its core properties to Standard 1 for Condition, and this is reﬂected in the Defence Estates Corporate Plan. Core properties are those that are expected to be required in the long term. Not all of the existing stock will be upgraded as some will be handed back to Annington Homes or disposed of by Defence Estates.

At 31 March 2004, over 90% of properties were at either Standard 1 for Condition or Standard 2 for Condition, with the remainder at Standard 3 or 4. The Housing Business Unit-’s working assumption for the longer term stock requirement is about 41,500 properties in Great Britain, though the demand for Service Family Accomodation could increase or decrease.

Standard for Condition categories

The Standard for Condition is calculated from the points scores determined by the age, presence or condition of 102 different attributes. These 102 attributes are organised into the following 8 categories: Health & Safety, Sanitary, Kitchen, Energy Efﬁciency, Building Fabric, Electrical, Security and Bedroom Standard. Categories have varying grading of points and numbers of attributes.

Standard 1 properties achieve a standard of 1 in all of the eight categories.

A property assessed as Standard 2 achieves a standard of 1 or 2 in each category, with a standard of 1 usually reached in at least ﬁve categories. Examples of required improvements are: a thermostatic shower, new kitchen, or an upgrade to loft insulation.

A property assessed as Standard 3 only achieves a Standard of 3 in at least one of the eight categories. Usually a Standard of 1 or 2 is reached in half of the categories. Examples of required improvements are: a complete re-wire and consumer unit, new kitchen, bathroom, and an upgrade to insulation of lofts and plumbing.

A property at Standard 4 is typically assessed as Standard 4 in ﬁve or fewer categories. Standard 4 properties will typically require a new bathroom, electrical system, kitchen, insulation upgrade, and health & safety review.

Surveyed holdings by standards for Condition Total stock Core stock1

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Total 57.4 2 || 44.3 37.0 41.7 41.7

Standard 1 for Condition 12.8 || 13.8 19.1 20.9 22.8

Standard 2 for Condition 28.4 || 24.9 14.8 18.3 16.4

Standard 3 for Condition 15.7 || 5.1 2.9 2.4 2.4

Standard 4 for Condition 0.6 || 0.6 0.2 0.1 0.1 Source: Housing Business Unit of Defence Estates

1. Core stock are those properties that are expect to be required in the long term. 2. Over 90% of permanent holdings had been surveyed by 2002. 125 CHAPTER 7 - NORTHERN IRELAND AND MILITARY AID TO THE CIVIL COMMUNITY INTRODUCTION

Two of the military tasks under the defence mission Standing Home Commitments are: Military Aid to the Civil Power in Northern Ireland and Military Aid to the Civil Authorities.

Military Task 2.2: Military Aid to the Civil Power in Northern Ireland

Military Aid to the Civil Power in Northern Ireland supports the police in the defeat of terrorism and in the maintenance of public order in order to assist HM Government’s objective of returning to normality.

Table 7.1 shows the numbers of Service personnel committed to Northern Ireland under the command of the General Ofﬁcer Commanding Northern Ireland, and the numbers of personnel in the Royal Irish Regiment (Home Service) included in this ﬁgure. Also shown are the numbers of regular Army units at 1 April each year. The numbers of Service personnel committed to Northern Ireland continued to fall, by 1% from 1 April 2003 to 1 April 2004.

Table 7.2 shows the numbers of service personnel committed to, and deployed in, Northern Ireland and the numbers of General Service forces in the General Ofﬁcer Commanding Northern Ireland Top Level Budget.

Table 7.3 shows the numbers of service personnel deaths and injuries; the numbers of persons charged with terrorist offences; the weight of explosives, and numbers of weapons and amounts of explosives and ammunition found each year.

Table 7.4 shows the numbers of Army personnel deployed to Northern Ireland, and the numbers in the Royal Irish Regiment (Home Service) included in these ﬁgures, at 1 April in each year from 1969 to 2004. It also shows the numbers of service personnel deaths and injuries since 1969. There were no service personnel deaths in Northern Ireland in 2003.

More information on the Security Situation in Northern Ireland can be found at the Police Service of Northern Ireland website at: http://www.psni.police.uk/index/departments/statistics_branch.htm

Military Task 2.1: Military Aid to the Civil Authorities

This covers aid to the civil power, other government departments and the community at large.

Military Aid to Other Government Departments is the use of military forces for non-military Government tasks, including ﬁshery protection and hydrographic tasks.

Table 7.5 shows the numbers of vessels boarded by the Royal Navy Fishery Protection Squadron within British ﬁshery limits, and convictions arising, in each ﬁnancial year.

Military Aid to the Civil Community is the provision of Service personnel and equipment, both in emergencies and in routine situations, to assist the community at large.

Table 7.6 shows examples of service assistance to the Civil Community and other Government Departments. Assistance to the ﬁre service under Operation Fresco ceased in June 2003.

126 CHAPTER 7 - NORTHERN IRELAND AND MILITARY AID TO NORTHERN THE CIVIL COMMUNITY IRELAND

Table 7.1 Number of service personnel committed to Northern Ireland and in the Royal Irish Regiment (Home Service), and numbers of Army units at 1 April each year Numbers of UK armed forces committed to Northern Ireland

Northern Ireland remains the Ministry of Defence’s largest peacetime commitment. Service personnel committed to Northern Ireland under the command of the General Ofﬁcer Commanding Northern Ireland include the Royal Irish Regiment (Home Service), shown below, and approximately one thousand Royal Navy and RAF personnel. Some of these personnel are based in Great Britain.

1990 1997 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Service Personnel committed to NI1 18 230 17 890 15 920 15 770 15 020 14 580 14 320 14 030

Source: MOD Policy Branch, Civil Secretariat, HQ Northern Ireland Royal Irish Regiment (Home Service) Full Time and Part Time personnel by sex

The Royal Irish Regiment was formed on 1 July 1992 by the merger of the Ulster Defence Regiment and the Royal Irish Rangers. The Home Service element of the Royal Irish Regiment corresponds to the former Ulster Defence Regiment. These ﬁgures exclude long-term sick.

1990 1997 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Full time personnel 2 940 2 760 2 600 2 530 2 190 2 200 2 110 2 110 Males 2 700 2 510 2 360 2 310 1 990 2 000 1 920 1 910 Females 240 250 240 220 200 200 190 190

Part time personnel 3 300 2 010 1 910 1 780 1 680 1 500 1 390 1 300 Males 2 820 1 780 1 700 1 600 1 520 1 360 1 260 1 190 Females 480 230 210 180 160 140 130 110 Source: MOD policy Branch, Civil Secretariat, HQ Northern Ireland

Numbers of Army General Service major combat units deployed by length of tour

The numbers of Army General Service units serving in Northern Ireland include Royal Marine commandos in the Infantry role, but exclude the Royal Irish Regiment (Home Service). The size of units shown may vary according to their primary role. The numbers of major combat units show those on Long Tours (which are normally for two years) and Short Tours (normally for six months), and exclude temporary deployments.

1990 1997 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Army major combat units 10 12 12 12 10 10 10 10 Long Tour units 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 Short Tour units 4 6 6 6 4 4 4 4

1990 1997 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Total units which served in the calendar year2 25 28 27 24 22 19 20 .. Source: MOD Policy Branch, Civil Secretariat, HQ Northern Ireland 127 The numbers of personnel have been rounded to the nearest ten.

1. Includes personnel temporarily deployed to Iraq under Op TELIC. 2. Includes a unit which served separate tours in Northern Ireland during 1990; another unit, in 1997; and another, in 1999. CHAPTER 7 - NORTHERN IRELAND AND MILITARY AID TO NORTHERN THE CIVIL COMMUNITY IRELAND

Table 7.2 Number of service personnel committed to, and deployed in, Northern Ireland at 1 January, 1 April, 1 July and 1 October

Service personnel committed to Northern Ireland

Apr Apr Jul Oct Jan Apr Jul Oct Jan Apr 2001 2002 2002 2002 2003 2003 2003 2003 2004 2004 Personnel committed to NI 1 15 020 14 580 14 280 14 330 14 380 14 320 14 280 14 470 14 120 14 030 of which: Army 13 760 13 360 13 180 13 360 13 400 13 340 13 300 13 490 13 150 13 030 Resident Forces 2 7 000 6 720 6 680 6 840 6 890 6 920 6 880 7 030 6 890 6 910 Roulement Forces 3 2 290 2 310 2 260 2 260 2 350 2 290 2 320 2 400 2 180 2 080 R Irish Home Service Full-Time 2 190 2 200 2 150 2 200 2 130 2 110 2 120 2 100 2 130 2 110 R Irish Home Service Part-Time 1 680 1 500 1 460 1 440 1 400 1 390 1 340 1 340 1 320 1 300 Not funded by GOC NI TLB 590 630 630 620 630 630 630 630 620 620 Royal Navy / Royal Marines 180 180 150 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 Royal Air Force 1 080 1 050 950 950 950 950 950 950 940 970 Source: MOD Policy Branch, Civil Secretariat, HQ Northern Ireland

Service personnel deployed in Northern Ireland

Service personnel deployed in Northern Ireland are the numbers committed to Northern Ireland, less those personnel that are elsewhere on the relevant date, plus reinforcements deployed due to the security situation.

Apr Apr Jul Oct Jan Apr Jul Oct Jan Apr 2001 2002 2002 2002 2003 2003 2003 2003 2004 2004 Personnel deployed in NI 4 13 570 13 750 13 570 13 610 13 420 13 690 13 180 12 780 12 120 12 090

Army personnel committed to, but not deployed in the Province

Apr Apr Jul Oct Jan Apr Jul Oct Jan Apr 2001 2002 2002 2002 2003 2003 2003 2003 2004 2004 Army personnel not deployed in NI 1 460 830 700 720 950 560 1 060 1 670 1 980 1 900

General Service forces in General Ofﬁce Commanding Northern Ireland Top Level Budget

These exclude Army Roulement forces and the Home Service battalions of the Royal Irish Regiment.

Apr Apr Jul Oct Jan Apr Jul Oct Jan Apr 2001 2002 2002 2002 2003 2003 2003 2003 2004 2004 Service Personnel 7 620 7 320 7 290 7 320 7 380 7 410 7 360 7 510 7 360 7 410 Army 7 000 6 720 6 680 6 840 6 890 6 920 6 880 7 030 6 890 6 910 Royal Navy 180 180 150 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 RAF 440 420 450 450 450 450 450 450 450 470 Source: MOD Policy Branch, Civil Secretariat, HQ Northern Ireland

Numbers are rounded to the nearest ten. The totals have been rounded separately and may not appear to be the sums of their parts.

128 1. Personnel committed to Northern Ireland include personnel temporarily deployed to Iraq under Op TELIC. 2. Resident forces include Army General Service major combat units on long tours (normally for 2 years). 3. Roulement forces are Army General Service major combat units on short tours (normally for 6 months) and include Royal Marine Commando Units fulﬁlling that role. 4. Personnel deployed in Northern Ireland exclude personnel temporarily deployed to Iraq under Op TELIC. CHAPTER 7 - NORTHERN IRELAND AND MILITARY AID TO NORTHERN THE CIVIL COMMUNITY IRELAND

Table 7.3 Number of service personnel deaths and injuries, persons charged with terrorist offences, and the weight of explosives and numbers of weapons and ammunition found in Northern Ireland, by calendar year Numbers of service personnel killed and injured because of the security situation

1990 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 Service personnel deaths 15 1 1 - - - - - of which: Royal Irish Regiment (Home Service) 8 ------

Service personnel injured 214 150 86 36 27 55r 80 12 of which: Royal Irish Regiment (Home Service) 24 14 17 16 2 11 39 1 Source: Police Service of Northern Ireland Numbers of persons charged with terrorist offences 1990 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 Persons charged with terrorist offences 380 408 393 290 305 288 333 302 Murder 18 27 13 3 8 6 - 10 Attempted murder 62 26 7 6 15 5 19 11 Firearms and explosive offences 137 64 59 77 71 68 68 76 Theft 31 32 27 27 16 25 58 41 Others including arson and throwing petrol bombs 132 259 287 177 195 184 188 164 Source: Police Service of Northern Ireland Explosives and weapons 1990 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 Bombs neutralised 120 50 127 68 77 201 91 43 Weight of explosives (kg)

1990 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 Neutralised (ready to detonate) 6 953 863 1 340 6 417 1 174 80 582 In explosions (estimated) 5 392 302 2 592 5 324 60 25 35 Amounts of explosives and ammunition, and numbers of weapons found

1990 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 Explosives (kg) 1 952 1 258 883 89 311 120 6 47

Weapons 1 223 137 108 115 142 103 125 142

Ammunition 22 452 8 804 12 189 16 472 10 721 10 986 12 560 24 274 Source: MOD Policy Branch, Civil Secretariat, HQ Northern Ireland 1. Covers a range of armaments such as mortars, grenade and rocket launchers and ﬁrearms.

129 CHAPTER 7 - NORTHERN IRELAND AND MILITARY AID TO NORTHERN THE CIVIL COMMUNITY IRELAND

Table 7.4 Number of Army personnel deployed to Northern Ireland and number of service personnel deaths and injuries since 1969

The IRA announced a “complete cessation of military operations” on 31 August 1994. The Combined Loyalist Military Command announced a ceasfire on 13 October 1994. The IRA announced the end of its ceasefire on 9 February 1996, and an unequivocal restoration of its ceasefire on 19 July 1997. The Good Friday Agreement (also known as the Belfast Agreement) was signed on 10 April 1998.

Army personnel deployed at 1 April Service personnel killed and injured because of the security situation, of which: Royal Irish Regiment (HS)2 by calendar year Total1 Full Time Part time Deaths Injuries 1969 2 280 .. .. 1969 - 54 1970 6 230 .. .. 1970 - 620 1971 10 170 .. .. 1971 48 390 1972 14 7803 .. .. 1972 131 578 1973 16 550 .. .. 1973 66 548 1974 15 940 .. .. 1974 37 483 1975 13 940 1 410 6 280 1975 20 167

1976 14 750 1 530 6 140 1976 29 264 1977 13 690 1 670 5 960 1977 29 187 1978 13 210 2 190 5 670 1978 21 135 1979 15 080 2 470 5 150 1979 48 153 1980 19 170 2 550 4 820 1980 17 77

1981 13 110 2 740 4 740 1981 23 140 1982 17 100 2 740 4 390 1982 28 98 1983 16 520 2 790 4 340 1983 15 88 1984 15 670 2 680 4 090 1984 19 86 1985 15 100 2 720 3 730 1985 6 33

1986 17 860 2 790 3 770 1986 12 55 1987 16 910 2 790 3 720 1987 11 104 1988 16 370 2 860 3 510 1988 33 229 1989 17 660 2 920 3 420 1989 14 190 1990 16 350 2 940 3 300 1990 15 214

1991 16 970 2 980 3 120 1991 13 253 1992 18 460 3 000 2 990 1992 6 320 1993 17 710 2 920 2 700 1993 8 173 1994 17 010 2 900 2 490 1994 3 126 1995 16 370 3 060 2 260 1995 - 13

1996 15 360 3 010 2 120 1996 1 55 1997 15 380 2 760 2 010 1997 1 150 130 1998 14 920 2 700 1 960 1998 1 86 1999 13 350 2 600 1 910 1999 - 36 2000 13 020 2 530 1 780 2000 - 27

2001 12 310 2 190 1 680 2001 - 55 2002 12 530 2 200 1 500 2002 - 80 2003 12 780 2 110 1 390 2003 - 12 2004 11 120 2 110 1 300 2004 .. .. Source: MOD Policy Branch, Civil Secretariat, HQ Northern Ireland Source: Police Service of Northern Ireland The numbers of deployed personnel have been rounded to the nearest ten.

1. The numbers of personnel deployed ﬂuctuate throughout the year as shown in table 7.2. 2. The Royal Irish Regiment was formed on 1 July 1992. Earlier ﬁgures are for the former Ulster Defence Regiment. 3. About thirty thousand troops were deployed in Northern Ireland in the summer of 1972. CHAPTER 7 - NORTHERN IRELAND AND MILITARY AID TO THE CIVIL COMMUNITY MILITARY AID

Table 7.5 Number of vessels boarded by the Royal Navy Fishery Protection Squadron within British fishing limits and convictions arising from these boardings each financial year This shows the activities of the Royal Navy Fishery Protection Squadron operating within British fishery limits under contract to the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA). Boardings carried out by vessels of the Scottish Executive Environment and Rural Affairs Department and the Department of Agriculture for Northern Ireland are not included.

1990/91 1997/98 1999/00 2000/01 2001/02 2002/03 2003/04 Vessels boarded 1 803 1 884 1 894 1 716 1 603 1464 1375 by sea areas: North Sea 825 753 849 609 627 521 498

Faeroes, Rockall and West of Scotland ------

Bristol Channel, Celtic Sea, English Channel, Irish Sea 978 1 131 1 045 1 107 976 943 877 and Western Approaches Convictions arising from Royal Navy boardings

Convictions arising from Royal Navy boardings are convictions of infringements detected by the Royal Navy Fishery Protection vessels in that year operating under contract to DEFRA. Actual ﬁgures may change retrospectively as some cases may not be heard in court for a year or more after the initial Royal Navy boarding.

1990/91 1997/98 1999/00 2000/01 2001/02 2002/03 2003/04 Convictions arising from boardings 49 35 24 29 51 44 25 by nationality: Belgium 15 13 8 4 4 2 5 Denmark 1 - - - 3 - - Eire 1 - - - 4 - -

Faeroes - - - - 3 - - France 8 - 6 9 8 14 3 Germany - - - 1 - - -

Holland 4 - 3 1 7 3 1 Norway - 2 - - - - - Russia ------

Portugal 5 ------Spain 11 1 - - - 4 - United Kingdom 4 19 7 14 22 21 16 Source: Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs

131 CHAPTER 7 - NORTHERN IRELAND AND MILITARY AID TO THE CIVIL COMMUNITY MILITARY AID

Table 7.6 Military Aid to the Civil Community and to other Government Departments - examples of when and where service assistance was provided

This shows the major examples including ﬂood relief and assisting of local hospitals

Number of Location personnel Type of assistance 1995 11 April Northumberland 100 Combatted a forest ﬁre in Harbottle Forest, near Otterburn

1995 25 May Yorkshire Over 50 Assisted civil police at the scene of an air crash including laying a trackway

1995 18-19 August Malvern Hills, Hereford 25 Combatted grass ﬁres

1995 20 August Preston, Lancs Fulwood Barracks used as an emergency evacuation site during a toxic chemical spill.

1995 Aug - May 96 Merseyside 498 Provided ﬁre service during industrial dispute

1996 6-12 Feb West Midlands, Scotland, Over 55 Assisted during severe weather including provision of blankets and North Wales & elsewhere sleeping bags, and meals-on-wheels. Utilising 42 land rovers, 8 lorries, 2 ambulances, helicopters and a Hercules aircraft

1996 20 February Canterbury, Kent 6 Assistance to local hospital during bad weather using 3 land rovers 1996 June-Sept Derbyshire 163 Provided fire service during industrial dispute 1997 May Essex 523 Provided fire service during industrial dispute 1997 2-3 July Elgin and Forres, 40 Assisted emergency services with flood relief North East Scotland

1997 11 December Glasgow Manned water distribution points during water supply disruption to 50,000 residents

1998 11-12 April East Anglia, Midlands & Over 350 Assisted during severe weather including providing boats and (Easter) South Eastern England sandbags

1998 June - Sept Essex 370 Provided fire service during industrial dispute 1998 22 October Powys, Wales 30 Assisted in aftermath of flooding and evacuation of an OAP home 1999 19 September Co. Antrim, N. Ireland Flood relief 2000 30 Oct -14 Nov Various Up to 1,286 Flood relief 2000 December Severn Valley, Worcs Flood relief 2001 16 Mar-12 Oct Various Up to 2,126 Assistance to deal with the Foot and Mouth Disease outbreak. 2002 February Kent 40 Flood relief 2002 13-15 November } 2002 22-30 November } Provided fire service during industrial dispute under Operation 2003 21-22 January } Across UK Up to 18,800 Fresco, deploying 177 Red Goddesses and 671 Green Goddesses. 2003 28-30 January } 2003 1-3 February } 132 2004 Febuary Mid Wales 8 Assisted local hospital during bad weather, using 4 land rovers

Source: MOD GLOSSARY OF TERMS AND ABBREVIATIONS

1SL First Sea Lord 2SL/CNH Second Sea Lord and Commander-in-Chief Naval Home Command. The Naval Service’s Principal Person- nel Officer and a TLB grouping. Second Sea Lord is responsible for providing the ‘raw material’ of trained naval officers, sailors and Royal Marines to CINCFLEET, to allow him to meet his commitment to CJO, and to other TLB’s. 2SL deals with recruitment into the Navy and individual training. Bringing individuals together into coherent ships’ crews remains the responsibility of CINCFLEET. ABRO Army Base Repair Organisation. Became a trading fund in April 2002. Adjutant General The Army’s Principal Personnel Officer and a TLB grouping. AG is responsible for providing the ‘raw material’ of trained army officers and other ranks to LAND Command, to allow him to meet his commitment to CJO, and to other TLB’s. AG deals with recruitment into the Army and individual training. AG also provides education services to children of all members of the Services on long-term foreign postings. AFPAA Armed Forces Personnel Administration Agency. Provides pay and personnel administration services for the Armed Forces, including service pensions. War Pensions paid to widows and other dependants are handled by the Veterans Agency (formerly the War Pensions Agency). AG Adjutant General. AME Annually Managed Expenditure AMP Air Member for Personnel. In full, Air Officer Commanding-in-Chief RAF Personnel and Training Command. See Personnel and Training Command. Annually Managed Expenditure – is spending included in Total Managed Expenditure that does not fall within De- partmental Expenditure Limits (DEL’s). Expenditure in AME is generally less predictable and controllable than expenditure in DEL. See Departmental AME. APC Army Personnel Centre. The administrative centre for Army personnel records. Apprentices Entrants from civil life to the other ranks of the Armed Forces who undertake training in particular skilled trades. Appropriation Accounts – report the expenditure outturn on a cash basis for the previous financial year for each vote. Under resource accounting, from 2000-01 they were replaced by Resource Accounts Codes. Appropriations-in-aid Are receipts used to offset expenditure. They generally arise from the provision of repayment services, the sale of surplus goods or of equipment purchased on behalf of the Defence Sales Organisation. Army Base Repair Organisation became a Trading Fund on 1 April 2002. Its mission is to be the preferred supplier of Fleet Management Services to its Customers. It provides engineering support and fleet management services for land based equipment used by the MOD, ranging from radios to main battle tanks. We cover the whole of the UK from ten strategically located sites and use large numbers of mobile support teams to cover customers in the UK and worldwide. ABRO provide fleet management, complex repair and servicing, and re-manufacture and assembly to the military, the defence industry and other commercial businesses. Army Reserve See Regular Reserves. Assets can be either financial or non-financial. Financial assets include monetary gold, bank deposits, IMF Special Drawing Rights. Loans granted bonds, shares, accounts receivable, and the value of the government’s stake in public corporations. Non-financial assets consist of fixed capital (such as buildings and vehicles); stock, land and valuables. ATRA Army Training and Recruitment Agency. AWE Atomic Weapons Establishment. Balance Sheet is a financial statement showing the assets, liabilities, and net worth of a business on a specified date. Battalion See Regiment. BFPO British Forces Post Office. Brigade An Army Brigade is a collection of different Regiments and supporting units that have been grouped together for a specific purpose. A fighting Brigade will traditionally contain Infantry, Cavalry and Artillery Regiments together with many supporting cap badges. The composition of each Brigade will differ depending on its responsibility but could often contain 5,000 soldiers.

133 GLOSSARY OF TERMS AND ABBREVIATIONS

Capital consumption – is also called depreciation and represents the amount of fixed capital used up each year. Central TLB The Central TLB has responsibility for the MOD Head Office, covering Defence policy as well as Departmental policy on the equipment programme, resources, finance, personnel and security. However, some 25% of Central TLB involve non-Head Office functions. The Central TLB provides a diverse range of corporate services for the MOD as a whole. These include pay, estate management, bill payment, consultancy services, accountancy, some training, statistical analysis, central IT systems, public relations, defence exports and policing. The Central TLB’s remit also encompasses the management of Service housing and the provision of medical services. Chief of Joint Operations With rare exceptions, CJO is responsible for running all military operations from his headquarters (the Permanent Joint Headquarters) in Northwood. The exceptions are in operations so large that a more senior officer is required, or those undertaken predominantly by one Service such that it makes sense for the operation to be commanded by the operational TLB led by that Service (CINCFLEET, Land Command, or Strike Command). Military assets are assigned to CJO only for the duration of the operation. In addition to his operational responsibilities, CJO’s organisation includes the Sovereign Base Areas in Cyprus and British forces in Gibraltar and the Falkland Islands. Chief of the Air Staff Professional head of the Royal Air Force. Currently held by an officer of the rank of Air Chief Marshal. Chief of the Defence Staff The professional head of the UK Armed Forces and the principal military adviser to the Secretary of State for Defence and the Government. Chief of the General Staff Professional head of the Army. Currently held by an officer of the rank of General. Chief of the Naval Staff see First Sea Lord. CINCFLEET Commander-in-Chief Fleet. CINCFLEET is responsible for delivery of warships and trained crews to CJO at agreed readiness states. CINCFLEET maintains an operational command and control capability, in particular for the nuclear deterrent force. CINCLAND See Land Command. CJO Chief of Joint Operations. Commission The terms under which an Officer is recruited to the Armed Forces. Exact terms vary according to Service and specialisation within each Service. Conflict Prevention Early warning, crisis management, conflict resolution, peacemaking, peacekeeping, and peace-building activity an associated strengthening of international and regional systems and capacity. Constant prices “at constant prices” indicates a quantity from which the effects of inflation have been removed. The constant prices will refer to a year as the basis for the calculation, e.g. “constant 2001/02 prices”. Corps A Corps is a term used to describe a collection of Regiments or small groupings of soldiers that share a common area of specialist expertise. It is an organisation that has been developed to ensure that common practice is generated across all members of the groupings and to ensure that common interests can be catered for efficiently. Cost of Capital Charge is an annual non-cash charge applied to each department’s budget. It is 6% of the net assets of the department and is used to make departments aware of the full cost of holding assets. Current expenditure on goods and services is the sum of expenditure on pay, and related staff costs, plus spending on goods and services. It is net of receipts from sales. It excludes capital expenditure, but includes expenditure on equipment that can only be used for military purposes since that is counted as current expenditure. It differs from final consumption in that capital consumption is not included. Current prices See Outturn prices. DARA Defence Aviation Repair Agency. DASA Defence Analytical Services Agency. DASA was created in July 1992 and provides National Statistics on Defence and other corporate information, forecasting and planning and consultancy, advice and research services to the MOD. DBA Defence Bills Agency. Primarily responsible for paying bills submitted to the Ministry of Defence by defence contractors. DCSA Defence Communications Service Agency. Provides telecommunications and related services to the MOD and is part of the DLO. Not to be confused with the DSCA. 134 GLOSSARY OF TERMS AND ABBREVIATIONS

DDA Defence Dental Agency. Defence Aviation Repair Agency In 1999, DARA brought together the RAF Maintenance Group Defence Agency (MGDA) and the Naval Aircraft Repair Organisation (NARO). It is the largest Government owned aerospace repair facility within Europe, delivering one-stop-shop aerospace support to the MoD, overseas governments and Industry. DARA became a Trading Agency of the MOD in April 2001. Defence budget Under Cash Accounting, the amount of money planned to be spent during a financial year. Under RAB, the sum of resources planned to be consumed during a financial year. See Resource budgeting. Defence Logistics Organisation The DLO was formed on 1 April 1999 and brought together the logistics support organisations in the Royal Navy, Army and Royal Air Force and Centre staff. It includes a number of Defence Agen- cies. Defence Medical Services comprises the Defence Medical Services Department and the three single Service medical directorates. Defence Medical Services Department owns the Defence Dental Agency and the Defence Medical Training and Education Agency. Defence Medical Training and Education Agency was created on 1 April 2003 from the former Defence Medical Training Organisation and the training elements of the Defence Secondary Care Agency. It is owned by the Defence Medical Services Department. Defence Mission The objectives of the Ministry of Defence are to provide the capabilities needed: to ensure the security and defence of the United Kingdom and Overseas Territories, including against terrorism; to support the Government’s foreign policy objectives particularly in promoting international peace and security. Defence Procurement Agency Responsibility for the procurement of equipment to meet new requirements lies with the DPA, which was launched on 1 April 1999. The DPA was formed from the old Procurement Executive (PE) and is located mainly at Abbey Wood, Bristol. It has been radically re-organised in accordance with the principles underlying the Strategic Defence Review and the Smart Acquisition programme. Defence Science and Technology Laboratory. An agency and trading fund of the MOD created from part of DERA on 2 July 2001. It provides specialist scientific and technical support to the MOD. DEL Departmental Expenditure Limit. Departmental Annually Managed Expenditure is spending that is outside the Departmental Expenditure Limit (DEL), but included in departmental budgets. This includes the provision for Armed Forces Pensions and non-cash items such as depreciation, cost of capital charges, and provision. At present, these non-cash items are not subject to the same controls and are included in Annually Managed Expenditure but from 2003/04 they will be included as part of the DEL. Departmental Expenditure Limits are firm plans for three years for a specific part of a department’s expenditure. In general the DEL will cover all running costs and all programme expenditure except, in certain cases, spending is included in departmental AME because it cannot be reasonably be subject to close control over a three year period. DELs are divided into current and capital budgets. Depreciation is also termed capital consumption. TME includes public sector expenditure gross of the depreciation of capital assets used to produce non-market services. Public sector net investment deducts an aggregate charge for all depreciation (market and non-market) from gross capital spending. DERA Defence Evaluation and Research Agency. On 2 July 2001 DERA was split into two parts: QinetiQ, and DSTL. DGII Defence Geographical and Imagery Intelligence. DHE Defence Housing Executive. Direct Entry (DE) Officers. Army officers (previously called Mainstream officers) who either come direct from civilian life or from the ranks of the Army, commissioned on completion of the 11 month Royal Military Academy Sandhurst (RMAS) Commissioning Course. They will normally be under the age of 29 on entry to RMAS. DISC Defence Intelligence and Security Centre.

135 GLOSSARY OF TERMS AND ABBREVIATIONS

Division An Army Division would traditionally be made up of 3 or 4 Brigades depending on the specific role it is to undertake and is configured in a similar fashion to a Brigade but on a larger scale. 1 (UK) Division and 3 (UK) Division are fighting Divisions whereas 2, 4 and 5 Division are responsible for administrative support of specific geographical areas. DLO Defence Logistics Organisation. DMETA Defence Medical Training and Education Agency DMS Defence Medical Services DMSD Defence Medical Services Department DMTO Defence Medical Training Organisation. DPA Defence Procurement Agency. DSA Disposal Sales Agency. Supports and advises on the disposal phase of the through life management of equipment within the Department. DSCA Defence Secondary Care Agency. Provides hospital and other secondary medical care for members of the Armed Forces. On 1 April 2003, its education functions were transferred to DMETA and its reemaining functions to Defence Medical Services Not to be confused with the DCSA. DSDA Defence Storage and Distribution Agency. Provides the Armed Forces with storage and distribution services. DSTL Defence Science and Technology Laboratory. DTMA Defence Transport and Movements Agency. DVA Defence Vetting Agency. Responsible for carrying out, and maintaining, national security checks on military and civilian staff employed by the MOD, private sector personnel employed on defence related work, and staff in a number of other government departments. Estimated prices The prices used in the Estimates presented to Parliament. They are forecasts of the prices expected to pertain when the expenditure occurs. Ethnic Minority Before new classifications were introduced in the 2001 Census of Population, “Ethnic Minority” was defined as anyone who had classified themselves in any category other than “White”. It is known that some in the “Other” category had white skin colour but had used the category to indicate that they were non-English. One reason that the nationality classification was introduced was so that national as well as ethnic origin or affiliation could be reflected. Ethnic origin That ethnic grouping to which a person has indicated that they belong. The classifications used were revised for the 2001 Census of Population when a classification of nationality was also collected. These revised definitions were also used to re-survey members of the Armed Forces and the Civil Service in 2001-02. First Sea Lord Professional head of the Naval Service. Currently held by an officer of the rank of Admiral. Also known as Chief of the Naval Staff. FTE Full-time equivalent. FTRS Full-Time Reserve Service. Full-Time Equivalent A measure of the size of the workforce that takes account of the fact that some people work part-time. Prior to 1 April 1995 part-time employees were assumed to work 50 per cent of normal hours, but since then actual hours worked has been used in DASA’s statistics. The average hours worked by part-timers is about 60 per cent of full-time hours. See also Headcount. Full-Time Reserve Service Those on FTRS fill Service posts on a full-time basis while being a member of one of the reserve services, either as an ex-regular or as a volunteer. In the case of the Army and the Naval Service, these will be posts that would ordinarily have been filled by regular service personnel, in the case of the RAF, FTRS personnel also fill posts designated solely for them. GCHQ Government Communications Headquarters. GDP Gross Domestic Product. The sum of all output (or income or expenditure) in the economy, excluding net property income from abroad.

136 GLOSSARY OF TERMS AND ABBREVIATIONS

GDP Gross Domestic Product – (at market prices) is the value of goods and services produced in the UK. Gross means there is no deduction for capital consumption. Economic data are often quoted as a percentage of GDP to give an indication of trends through time and to make international comparisons easier. GOCNI General Officer Commanding Northern Ireland. GOCNI is responsible for military aid to the civil power and counter terrorist operations in Northern Ireland. Although it is a joint-Service TLB, GOCNI is mainly staffed by the Army, which provides the bulk of the Service personnel committed to Northern Ireland. Gurkhas are recruited and employed in the British and Indian Armies under the terms of the 1947 Tri-Partite Agreement (TPA) on a broadly comparable basis. This agreement protects the Gurkhas’ status as Nepalese subjects throughout their service. They remain Nepalese citizens but in all other respects are full members of HM Forces. All Gurkhas are discharged in Nepal. Headcount A measure of the size of the workforce that counts all people equally regardless of their hours of work. See also Full-Time Equivalent. HQ Headquarters Hydrographic Office See UK Hydrographic Office. Industrial staff Civilian staff paid in certain pay bands often performing manual work. Intake Those entering the Armed Forces or Civilian workforce. Includes new recruits, re-entrants and transfers from other Forces. If taken over a sufficiently long time, intake figures may include the same individuals more than once, if they were re-entrants. Land Command Commander-in-Chief Land Command. LAND is responsible for delivery of trained army formations and equipment to CJO. LEP Locally Entered/Engaged Personnel. Civilian personnel working for one of the Armed Forces or directly for the Ministry of Defence who are recruited at overseas MOD locations normally for work at those locations. Also includes Gurkhas. Major war vessels Royal Navy vessels of the following types: aircraft carriers, helicopter landing platforms, battleships, cruisers, destroyers, frigates, submarines. MDP Ministry of Defence Police. The MDP is responsible for providing effective policing of the Defence Estate. Meteorological Office Provides weather forecasting services in the UK and worldwide. MGDA RAF Maintenance Group Defence Agency. See DARA. Minor war vessels Royal Navy vessels of the following types: monitors, minehunters, offshore patrol craft, patrol craft, survey ships, ice patrol ships. MOD Ministry of Defence. MSA Medical Supplies Agency. NAO National Audit Office. NARO Naval Aircraft Repair Organisation. See DARA. National Audit Office scrutinises public spending on behalf of Parliament. It is totally independent of Government. It audits the accounts of all government departments and agencies as well as a wide range of other public bodies, and report to Parliament on the economy, efficiency and effectiveness with which government bodies have used public money. NATO North Atlantic Treaty Organisation. NATO Eurofighter Tornado Mangement Agency is the prime contractor for the Eurofighter Weapon System. Naval Manning Agency Created on 1 July 1996 and dissolved as an agency 1 April 2004. Its mission was: to ensure that sufficient manpower is available on the trained strength and deployed effectively in peace, transition to war or war. Naval Service The Royal Navy (including QARNNS) and the Royal Marines together. The role of the Royal Navy is to contribute to a peaceful environment in which the UK’s foreign policy and trade can flourish and in which the security of the UK and her Overseas Territories is assured. NBSA Naval Bases and Supplies Agency. Now part of the Warship Support Agency. 137 GLOSSARY OF TERMS AND ABBREVIATIONS

NCO Non-commissioned officer. NCR Net cash requirement. Net Cash Requirement is the amount of actual money that MOD requires from the government in order to fund its activities. The NCR takes account of the movements in working capital levels (debtors, creditors and stocks) while but not non-cash costs. NETMA NATO Eurofighter Tornado Management Agency NMA Naval Manning Agency. Non-cash items in Annually Managed Expenditure (AME) include various notional transactions such as depreciation and cost of capital that appear in the operating cost statement under RAB and which are recorded in AME for the period of Spending Review 2000, rather than in DEL. Non-commissioned officer Ratings of Leading Hand and above in the Royal Navy, other ranks of lance corporal and above in the Army and other tanks of corporal and above in the Royal Marines and Royal Air Force. Non-industrial staff All Civil servants who are not Industrial staff. NRTA Naval Recruiting and Training Agency Nursing Services Queen Alexandra’s Royal Naval Nursing Service, Queen Alexandra’s Royal Army Nursing Corps, and Princess Mary’s Royal Air Force Nursing Service OECD Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Officer A member of the Armed Forces holding the Queen’s Commission. Includes ranks from Sub-Lt/2nd Lt/Pilot Officer up to Admiral of the Fleet/Field Marshal/Marshal of the Royal Air Force. Excludes NCO’s Officer cadet An entrant from civil life to the officer corps of the Armed Forces. Operating Cost Statement – This is the statement in departmental resource accounts that shows the current income and expenditure on an accrual basis. It is similar to the profit and loss statement on commercial accounts. Operational Conversion Units are groups of aircraft used for converting aircrew to particular aircraft types. Operational TLB’s The TLB’s directly responsible for the planning and management of military operations and the delivery of front-line capability. They are CJO, CINCFLEET, STC, LAND and GOCNI. Operational personnel are those working in these TLB’s plus some other small groups. Other Ranks Members of the Royal Marines, Army and Royal Air Force who are not officers. The equivalent group in the Royal Navy is known as “Ratings”. Outflow Those leaving the Armed Forces or Civil Service for any reason. Those who rejoin and then leave again will be counted twice if the time period includes both exit dates. Outturn and estimated outturn describe expenditure actually incurred, or estimated on the basis of actual expenditure to date. Outturn prices The prices of the period when the expenditure actually occurred; also described as current prices. Part-time Civil servants working fewer than 37 hours a week (36 hours in London), excluding meal breaks. Pay and Personnel Agency Provides pay and personnel administration services for MOD’s Civil Servants. PE Procurement Executive. See Defence Procurement Agency. PES Public Expenditure Survey. PFI Private Finance initiative PJHQ Permanent Joint Headquarters. See Chief of Joint Operations. PMRAFNS Princess Mary’s Royal Air Force Nursing Service. PPA Pay and Personnel Agency. PPO Principal Personnel Officer. Premature Voluntary Release Those who leave the Armed Forces voluntarily before the end of their agreed engagement or commission period are said to leave on PVR or VR (Voluntary Release).

138 GLOSSARY OF TERMS AND ABBREVIATIONS

Princess Mary’s Royal Air Force Nursing Service Provides a range of nursing services to the Royal Air Force. Founded as the RAF Nursing Service, it was given its present name in 1923. Principal Personnel Officer Each of the three Services has a PPO who manages all personnel within their Service. The three PPO’s are: the Second Sea Lord, the Adjutant General, and the Air Member for Personnel. Private Finance Initiative A system for providing capital assets for the provision of public services. Typically, the private sector designs, builds and maintains infrastructure and other capital assets and then operates those assets to sell services to the public sector. In most cases, the capital assets are accounted for on the balance sheet of the private sector operator. Procurement Executive See Defence Procurement Agency. Formed in 1971. PTC RAF Personnel and Training Command. The TLB of the RAF’s PPO, the Air Member for Personnel. PTC provides trained personnel to Strike Command and other TLBs. PVR Premature Voluntary Release. QARANC Queen Alexandra’s Royal Army Nursing Corps. QARNNS Queen Alexandra’s Royal Naval Nursing Service. QinetiQ Formerly part of DERA, from 2 July 2001 a private company, wholly owned by the MOD at the time of going to press. Its staff numbers ceased to be included in DASA’s MOD civilian statistics after July 2001. Queen Alexandra’s Royal Army Nursing Corps Provides a range of nursing services to the Army. Founded in 1902 as Queen Alexandra’s Imperial Military Nursing Service, it was merged into the regular Army and renamed QARANC in 1949. Queen Alexandra’s Royal Naval Nursing Service. Provides a range of nursing services to the Naval Service. The QARNNS was founded in 1902 and merged with the Royal Navy on 1 April 2000. R&D Research and Development. RAB Resource Accounting and Budgeting. RAF Royal Air Force. RAFR Royal Air Force Reserve, see Regular Reserves. Rank Grade within the Military structure – see Table 2.29 for equivalents among the Services. Rate Naval term for rank when referring to non-officers. Ratings The designation of Other Ranks in the Royal Navy. RAuxAF Royal Auxiliary Air Force, see Volunteer Reserves. Real terms figures are amounts adjusted for the effect of general price inflation relative to a base year, as measured by the GDP market price deflator. Regiment The Regiment is often considered to be the most important unit in the British Army. It carries the spirit of the people who have gone before and would usually contain approximately 650 soldiers depending on its cap badge and role. Sometimes Infantry Regiments have more than one unit of this size and they should be correctly referred to as a Battalion and be numbered in ascending order. An example being the 1st Battalion of The Parachute Regiment which like the 2nd Battalion and the 3rd Battalion contains an identical structure and number of posts. Regular Reserves Former members of the UK regular forces who have a liability for service with the Reserve forces. Includes the Royal Fleet Reserve, Army Reserve and Royal Air Force Reserve as well as other individuals liable to recall. Resource Accounting is the accounting system that is now used to record expenditure in the departmental accounts instead of cash accounting. It applies generally accepted accounting practice (GAAP) used in private industry and other Government departments to departmental transactions. Spending is measured on an accruals basis. Resource Budget is the sum of a department’s resource Departmental Expenditure Limit and resource Annually Managed Expenditure. It is the budget for current expenditure on an accruals basis.

139 GLOSSARY OF TERMS AND ABBREVIATIONS

Resource budgeting is the budgeting regime adopted for the spending plans set in the 2000 Spending Review. It is derived from resource accounting rules, but there are several differences in treatment between resource accounts and resource budgets. See Introduction to Chapter 1. RFA Royal Fleet Auxiliary Service. RFR Royal Fleet Reserve, see Regular Reserves. RM Royal Marines. RMR Royal Marines Reserve. Approximately 10% of the RMR are working with the Regular Corps on long term attachments, mostly FTRS. The remainder are Volunteer Reserves. RN Royal Navy. RNR Royal Naval Reserve. Royal Air Force The RAF’s mission is: “To generate air power to meet the Defence Mission.” Royal Auxiliary Air Force Founded 1924, see Volunteer Reserves. Royal Fleet Auxiliary Service Constituted in 1905, this is a civilian manned fleet, owned by the Ministry of Defence. Its main task is to supply warships of the Royal Navy at sea with fuel, food, stores and ammunition which they need to remain operational while away from base. It also provides aviation support for the Royal Navy, together with amphibious support and secure sea transport for Army units and their equipment. Its employees are full-time civil servants, but who come under the Naval Discipline Act when deployed to sea under naval command. Royal Marines Sea-going soldiers who are part of the Naval Service. RM officer ranks were aligned with those of the Army on 1 July 1999. Royal Naval Reserve Formed in 1859 it was merged with the Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve (RNVR) in 1958, and also incorporates the former Women’s Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve (WRNVR) and QARNNS (Reserve). See Volunteer Reserves. Royal Navy The sea-going defence forces of the UK, including ships, submarines, and Naval aircraft and their personnel, but excluding the Royal Marines and the Royal Fleet Auxiliary Service (RFA). From 1 April 2000 the Royal Navy incorporated Queen Alexandra’s Royal Naval Nursing Service (QARNNS). SAS Special Air Service. SBS Special Boat Service. SCS Senior Civil Service. Senior Civil Service The top grades within the Civil Service, that is, Management Levels 1 to 3. Formerly Grades 1 to 5, that is, Permanent Under Secretary to Assistant Secretary Senior Non-commissioned Officer Senior members of the Ratings/Other Ranks, including Warrant Officer (all classes), Charge Chief Petty Officer, Chief Petty Officer, Colour sergeant, Staff Sergeant, Flight Sergeant/Chief Technician, Petty Officer, Sergeant. SIC Standard Industrial Classification. SIC codes are published by the Office for National Statistics and are used to classify business establishments and other statistical units by the type of economic activity in which they are engaged. Special Air Service Part of the Special Forces, usually drawn from the Army. Special Boat Service Part of the Special Forces, usually drawn from the Naval Service. STANAG NATO Standardisation Agreement. STANAG’s are administered by the NATO Standardisation Agency. Standard Industrial Classification classifies business establishments and other statistical units by the type of economic activity in which they are engaged. STC See Strike Command. Strike Command is the RAF’s operational TLB, providing aircraft and trained aircrews to CJO. Supply expenditure is expenditure financed by money voted by parliament in the annual Supply Estimates: also termed Voted in Estimates. TA Territorial Army. TAVR Territorial Army Volunteer Reserve. 140 GLOSSARY OF TERMS AND ABBREVIATIONS

Territorial Army, see Volunteer Reserves. Territorial Army Volunteer Reserve, now the Territorial Army. TGDA RAF Training Group Defence Agency Time Expiry A term used to describe those in the Armed Services who reach the end of their engagement or commission and then leave. TLB Top Level Budget. TME Total Managed Expenditure Top Level Budget. The major organisational grouping of the MOD. There are three types: “Operational”, “Military Support” and “HQ and other support”. Operational TLB’s include, CINCFLEET, GOCNI, LAND COMMAND, STC, and CJO. Military Support TLB’s comprise the PPO’s of the three Services (2SL/CNH, AG, and PTC) and the DLO. Other TLB’s include Central, the DPA, the Corporate Science and Technology Budget (new from April 2004) and the Trading Funds (ABRO, DARA, DSTL, the Met Office, and the UK Hydrographic Office). Total Managed Expenditure is a definition of aggregate public spending derived from notional accounts. It is the consolidated sum of current and capital expenditure of central and local government, and public corporations. TME is the sum of the Departmental Expenditure Limit and Annually Managed Expenditure. Trading Fund Trading Funds were introduced by the Government under the Trading Funds Act 1973 as a ‘means of financing trading operations of a government department which, hitherto, have been carried out on Vote’. They are self-accounting units that have greater freedom, than other government departments, in managing their own financial and management activities. They are also free to negotiate their own terms and conditions with their staff and for this reason their grading structures do not always match that of the rest of the Ministry, and this is reflected in some of the tables. Examples include ABRO, DARA, DSTL, the Meteorological Office, and the UK Hydrographic Office. UK Hydrographic Office Responsible for surveying the seas around the UK and other areas to aid navigation. University cadet An entrant from civil life to the officer corps of the Armed Forces who is accepted into one of the Forces prior to starting a university course. They usually receive some form of financial assistance with their course. USAF United States Air Force. VAT Value Added Tax. Veterans’ Agency Formerly the War Pensions Agency. Responsible for veterans’ affairs, including war and service pensions, service records, military graves, medals and welfare issues. Voluntary Release See Premature Voluntary Release. Volunteer Reserves and Auxiliary Forces Civilian volunteers who undertake to give a certain amount of their time to train in support of the Regular Forces. Includes the Royal Naval Reserve, the Royal Marines Reserve, Territorial Army and the Royal Auxiliary Air Force. Does not include Royal Fleet Auxiliary Service (RFA). Some Volunteer Reservists undertake (paid) Full-Time Reserve Service. Vote was an individual Supply Estimate. Under RAB, from 2001, votes have been replaced by Requests for Resources. VR Voluntary Release. See Premature Voluntary Release. War Pensions Agency See Veterans’ Agency. Women’s Royal Naval Service (“Wrens”) Founded in 1917 it was merged with the Royal Navy in 1991. WRNS Women’s Royal Naval Service (“Wrens”). WSA Warship Support Agency.

141 BIBLIOGRAPHY

Additional information may be found in the following publications. The Guide to Ofﬁcial Statistics published by the Ofﬁce for National Statistics also gives relevant sources.

Annual Abstract of Statistics 2004: TSO (The Defence chapter includes longer runs of data for some of the tables included here.)

Appropriation Accounts: Class I Defence (Volume 1): HMSO/TSO 1995-96 HC 11-I 5 February 1997 1997-98 HC 1-I 26 November 1998 1996-97 HC 251-I 5 February 1998 1998-99 HC 11-I 19 January 2000

Armed Forces’ Pay Review Body Reports: HMSO/TSO Twenty-sixth 1997 Cm 3537 Thirtieth 2001 Cm 4993 Twenty-seventh 1998 Cm 3834 Thirty-ﬁrst 2002 Cm 5361 Twenty-eighth 1999 Cm 4242 Thirty-second 2003 Cm 5717 Twenty-ninth 2000 Cm 4565 Thirty-third 2004 Cm 6113

Consolidated Departmental Resource Accounts 2000-2001 HC 443 18 December 2001 2001-2002 HC 47 21November 2002 Civil Service Statistics: HMSO/TSO; annual Deaths in the Armed Forces 2003: DASA Delivering Security in a Changing World: Future Capabilities TSO Cm 6269 The Government’s Expenditure Plans 2004/2005 to 2006/2007: Ministry of Defence: TSO; Cm 6212 Guide to the Classification for Overseas Trade Statistics: HMSO/TSO; annual International Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems: Tenth Revision (1992); World Health Organisa- tion Major Projects Report 2003: Comptroller and Auditor General TSO; HC 195 Managing Resources: Analysing Resource Accounts: An Introduction; HM Treasury, June 2001 Ministry of Defence Performance Report 2001/02 TSO; Cm 5661 Ministry of Defence Annual Report and Accounts 2002/2003 TSO; HC 1125 The Meteorological Office Annual Report and Accounts TSO; annual The Military Balance: Institute for International Strategic Studies OUP; annual Navy, Army and Air Force Institutes (NAAFI); annual report and accounts; obtainable from NAAFI, London Road, Amesbury Wiltshire SP4 7EN Overseas Trade Statistics of the United Kingdom: HMSO/TSO; monthly & annual Public Expenditure: Statistical Analyses 2004 TSO Cm 6201 Strategic Defence Review (renamed the Defence White Paper) TSO Cm 3999 Defence White Paper 1999: TSO Cm 4446 Suicide and Open Verdict Deaths among Males in the UK Regular Armed Forces. DASA Suicide and Open Verdict Deaths among Males in the UK Regular Armed Forces, 1984-2002: Methods Used to Commit Suicide. DASA Supply Estimates: Class I Defence: HMSO (became part of the Main Estimates from 1996-97) 1994-95 HC 276-I 1995-96 HC 271-I

Supply Estimates: Main Estimates: HMSO/TSO

1996-97 HC 261-I 1999-2000HC 336-I 2002-2003 HC 795 1997-98 HC 235-I 2000-2001HC 377-I 2003-2004 HC 648 1998-99 HC 635-I 2001-2002HC 348-I

UK Defence Personnel in Figures: A Statistical Commemoration of the Entente Cordiale/ Le Personnel de la Défense: Une commémoration statistique de l’entente cordiale: DASA and Ministère de la Défense, Paris United Kingdom Hydrographic Ofﬁce: annual report obtainable from the United Kingdom Hydrographic Ofﬁce, MOD, Taunton Somerset TA1 2DN United Kingdom National Accounts: HMSO/TSO; annual

United Kingdom Standard Industrial Classiﬁcation of Economic Activity: (i) Revised 1980: (ii) revised 1992: HMSO.

142 BIBLIOGRAPHY

Note: The MOD is not responsible for the contents or reliability of the listed non-MOD web sites and does not necessarily endorse the views expressed therein. Listing should not be taken as endorsement of any kind. We have no control over the availability of these sites. Users access them at their own risk. The information given was correct at the time of going to press.

Organisation Address Army Base Repair Organisation http://www.abrodev.co.uk British Army http://www.army.mod.uk Canada: Department of National Defence http://www.dnd.ca Defence Analytical Services Agency http://www.dasa.mod.uk Defence Bills Agency http://www.defencebills.gov.uk Defence Manufacturers’ Association of Great Britain http://www.the-dma.org.uk/ Defence Procurement Agency http://www.mod.uk/dpa/ Defence Science and Technology Laboratory http://www.dstl.gov.uk Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs http://www.defra.gov.uk Department for International Development http://www.dfid.gov.uk/ Department for Transport http://www.dft.gov.uk European Union (in English) http://www.europa.eu.int/index_en.htm Eurostat http://europa.eu.int/comm/eurostat/ Foreign and Commonwealth Office http://www.fco.gov.uk France: Ministère de la Défense (in English) http://www.defense.gouv.fr/english/index_ang.html Germany: Bundesministerium der Verteidigung (English) http://eng.bmvg.de/ International Institute for Strategic Studies http://www.iiss.org Jane’s Information Group http://www.janes.com Japan Defence Agency (in English) http://www.jda.go.jp/e/index_.htm Meteorological Office http://www.metoffice.gov.uk Ministry of Defence http://www.mod.uk NAAFI http://www.naafi.co.uk National Statistics http://www.statistics.gov.uk North Atlantic Treaty Organisation http://www.nato.int Northern Ireland Statistics and Research Agency http://www.nisra.gov.uk Organisation for Economic Co-operation & Development http://www.oecd.org Organisation for Security and Co-operation in Europe http://www.osce.org Royal Air Force http://www.raf.mod.uk Royal Fleet Auxiliary Service http://www.rfa.mod.uk Royal Navy and Royal Marines http://www.royal-navy.mod.uk Royal United Services Institute for Defence Studies http://www.rusi.org Statistics Commission http://www.statscom.org.uk/ Stockholm International Peace Research Institute http://www.sipri.se The Stationery Office (TSO) http://www.tso.co.uk UK Defence Forum http://www.ukdf.org.uk/ UK Government http://www.direct.gov.uk UK Hydrographic Office http://www.hydro.gov.uk United Nations Economic Commission for Europe http://www.unece.org US Department of Defense http://www.dod.gov Western European Union http://www.weu.int World Health Organisation (in English) http://www.who.int/en/

143