WEI ZHENG, Ph.D., ATS
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International Naming Conventions NAFSA TX State Mtg
1 2 3 4 1. Transcription is a more phonetic interpretation, while transliteration represents the letters exactly 2. Why transcription instead of transliteration? • Some English vowel sounds don’t exist in the other language and vice‐versa • Some English consonant sounds don’t exist in the other language and vice‐versa • Some languages are not written with letters 3. What issues are related to transcription and transliteration? • Lack of consistent rules from some languages or varying sets of rules • Country variation in choice of rules • Country/regional variations in pronunciation • Same name may be transcribed differently even within the same family • More confusing when common or religious names cross over several countries with different scripts (i.e., Mohammad et al) 5 Dark green countries represent those countries where Arabic is the official language. Lighter green represents those countries in which Arabic is either one of several official languages or is a language of everyday usage. Middle East and Central Asia: • Kurdish and Turkmen in Iraq • Farsi (Persian) and Baluchi in Iran • Dari, Pashto and Uzbek in Afghanistan • Uyghur, Kazakh and Kyrgyz in northwest China South Asia: • Urdu, Punjabi, Sindhi, Kashmiri, and Baluchi in Pakistan • Urdu and Kashmiri in India Southeast Asia: • Malay in Burma • Used for religious purposes in Malaysia, Indonesia, southern Thailand, Singapore, and the Philippines Africa: • Bedawi or Beja in Sudan • Hausa in Nigeria • Tamazight and other Berber languages 6 The name Mohamed is an excellent example. The name is literally written as M‐H‐M‐D. However, vowels and pronunciation depend on the region. D and T are interchangeable depending on the region, and the middle “M” is sometimes repeated when transcribed. -
Is Shuma the Chinese Analog of Soma/Haoma? a Study of Early Contacts Between Indo-Iranians and Chinese
SINO-PLATONIC PAPERS Number 216 October, 2011 Is Shuma the Chinese Analog of Soma/Haoma? A Study of Early Contacts between Indo-Iranians and Chinese by ZHANG He Victor H. Mair, Editor Sino-Platonic Papers Department of East Asian Languages and Civilizations University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, PA 19104-6305 USA [email protected] www.sino-platonic.org SINO-PLATONIC PAPERS FOUNDED 1986 Editor-in-Chief VICTOR H. MAIR Associate Editors PAULA ROBERTS MARK SWOFFORD ISSN 2157-9679 (print) 2157-9687 (online) SINO-PLATONIC PAPERS is an occasional series dedicated to making available to specialists and the interested public the results of research that, because of its unconventional or controversial nature, might otherwise go unpublished. The editor-in-chief actively encourages younger, not yet well established, scholars and independent authors to submit manuscripts for consideration. Contributions in any of the major scholarly languages of the world, including romanized modern standard Mandarin (MSM) and Japanese, are acceptable. In special circumstances, papers written in one of the Sinitic topolects (fangyan) may be considered for publication. Although the chief focus of Sino-Platonic Papers is on the intercultural relations of China with other peoples, challenging and creative studies on a wide variety of philological subjects will be entertained. This series is not the place for safe, sober, and stodgy presentations. Sino- Platonic Papers prefers lively work that, while taking reasonable risks to advance the field, capitalizes on brilliant new insights into the development of civilization. Submissions are regularly sent out to be refereed, and extensive editorial suggestions for revision may be offered. Sino-Platonic Papers emphasizes substance over form. -
Cha Zhang, Chang−Shui Zhang, Chengcui Zhang, Dengsheng Zhang, Dong Zhang, Dongming Zhang, Hong−Jiang Zhang, Jiang Zhang, Jianning Zhang, Keqi Zhang, Lei Zhang, Li
Z Zeng, Wenjun Zeng, Zhihong Zhai, Yun Zhang, Benyu Zhang, Cha Zhang, Chang−Shui Zhang, Chengcui Zhang, Dengsheng Zhang, Dong Zhang, Dongming Zhang, Hong−Jiang Zhang, Jiang Zhang, Jianning Zhang, Keqi Zhang, Lei Zhang, Li Menu Next Z Zhang, Like Zhang, Meng Zhang, Mingju Zhang, Rong Zhang, Ruofei Zhang, Weigang Zhang, Yongdong Zhang, Yun−Gang Zhang, Zhengyou Zhang, Zhenping Zhang, Zhenqiu Zhang, Zhishou Zhang, Zhongfei (Mark) Zhao, Frank Zhao, Li Zhao, Na Prev Menu Next Z Zheng, Changxi Zheng, Yizhan Zhi, Yang Zhong, Yuzhuo Zhou, Jin Zhu, Jiajun Zhu, Xiaoqing Zhu, Yongwei Zhuang, Yueting Zimmerman, John Zoric, Goranka Zou, Dekun Prev Menu Wenjun Zeng Organization : University of Missouri−Columbia, United States of America Paper(s) : ON THE RATE−DISTORTION PERFORMANCE OF DYNAMIC BITSTREAM SWITCHING MECHANISMS (Abstract) Letter−Z Menu Zhihong Zeng Organization : University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, United States of America Paper(s) : AUDIO−VISUAL AFFECT RECOGNITION IN ACTIVATION−EVALUATION SPACE (Abstract) Letter−Z Menu Yun Zhai Organization : University of Central Florida, United States of America Paper(s) : AUTOMATIC SEGMENTATION OF HOME VIDEOS (Abstract) Letter−Z Menu Benyu Zhang Organization : Microsoft Research Asia, China Paper(s) : SUPERVISED SEMI−DEFINITE EMBEDING FOR IMAGE MANIFOLDS (Abstract) Letter−Z Menu Cha Zhang Organization : Microsoft Research, United States of America Paper(s) : HYBRID SPEAKER TRACKING IN AN AUTOMATED LECTURE ROOM (Abstract) Letter−Z Menu Chang−Shui Zhang Organization : Tsinghua University, China -
中国人的姓名 王海敏 Wang Hai Min
中国人的姓名 王海敏 Wang Hai min last name first name Haimin Wang 王海敏 Chinese People’s Names Two parts Last name First name 姚明 Yao Ming Last First name name Jackie Chan 成龙 cheng long Last First name name Bruce Lee 李小龙 li xiao long Last First name name The surname has roughly several origins as follows: 1. the creatures worshipped in remote antiquity . 龙long, 马ma, 牛niu, 羊yang, 2. ancient states’ names 赵zhao, 宋song, 秦qin, 吴wu, 周zhou 韩han,郑zheng, 陈chen 3. an ancient official titles 司马sima, 司徒situ 4. the profession. 陶tao,钱qian, 张zhang 5. the location and scene in residential places 江jiang,柳 liu 6.the rank or title of nobility 王wang,李li • Most are one-character surnames, but some are compound surname made up of two of more characters. • 3500Chinese surnames • 100 commonly used surnames • The three most common are 张zhang, 王wang and 李li What does my name mean? first name strong beautiful lively courageous pure gentle intelligent 1.A person has an infant name and an official one. 2.In the past,the given names were arranged in the order of the seniority in the family hierarchy. 3.It’s the Chinese people’s wish to give their children a name which sounds good and meaningful. Project:Search on-Line www.Mandarinintools.com/chinesename.html Find Chinese Names for yourself, your brother, sisters, mom and dad, or even your grandparents. Find meanings of these names. ----What is your name? 你叫什么名字? ni jiao shen me ming zi? ------ 我叫王海敏 wo jiao Wang Hai min ------ What is your last name? 你姓什么? ni xing shen me? (你贵姓?)ni gui xing? ------ 我姓 王,王海敏。 wo xing wang, Wang Hai min ----- What is your nationality? 你是哪国人? ni shi na guo ren? ----- I am chinese/American 我是中国人/美国人 Wo shi zhong guo ren/mei guo ren 百家 姓 bai jia xing 赵(zhào) 钱(qián) 孙(sūn) 李(lǐ) 周(zhōu) 吴(wú) 郑(zhèng) 王(wán 冯(féng) 陈(chén) 褚(chǔ) 卫(wèi) 蒋(jiǎng) 沈(shěn) 韩(hán) 杨(yáng) 朱(zhū) 秦(qín) 尤(yóu) 许(xǔ) 何(hé) 吕(lǚ) 施(shī) 张(zhāng). -
Lǎoshī Hé Xuéshēng (Teacher and Students)
© Copyright, Princeton University Press. No part of this book may be distributed, posted, or reproduced in any form by digital or mechanical means without prior written permission of the publisher. CHAPTER Lǎoshī hé Xuéshēng 1 (Teacher and Students) Pinyin Text English Translation (A—Dīng Yī, B—Wáng Èr, C—Zhāng Sān) (A—Ding Yi, B—Wang Er, C—Zhang San) A: Nínhǎo, nín guìxìng? A: Hello, what is your honorable surname? B: Wǒ xìng Wáng, jiào Wáng Èr. Wǒ shì B: My surname is Wang. I am called Wang Er. lǎoshī. Nǐ xìng shénme? I am a teacher. What is your last name? A: Wǒ xìng Dīng, wǒde míngzi jiào Dīng Yī. A: My last name is Ding and my full name is Wǒ shì xuéshēng. Ding Yi. I am a student. 老师 老師 lǎoshī n. teacher 和 hé conj. and 学生 學生 xuéshēng n. student 您 nín pron. honorific form of singular you 好 hǎo adj. good 你(您)好 nǐ(nín)hǎo greeting hello 贵 貴 guì adj. honorable 贵姓 貴姓 guìxìng n./v. honorable surname (is) 我 wǒ pron. I; me 姓 xìng n./v. last name; have the last name of … 王 Wáng n. last name Wang 叫 jiào v. to be called 二 èr num. two (used when counting; here used as a name) 是 shì v. to be (any form of “to be”) 10 © Copyright, Princeton University Press. No part of this book may be distributed, posted, or reproduced in any form by digital or mechanical means without prior written permission of the publisher. -
Ideophones in Middle Chinese
KU LEUVEN FACULTY OF ARTS BLIJDE INKOMSTSTRAAT 21 BOX 3301 3000 LEUVEN, BELGIË ! Ideophones in Middle Chinese: A Typological Study of a Tang Dynasty Poetic Corpus Thomas'Van'Hoey' ' Presented(in(fulfilment(of(the(requirements(for(the(degree(of(( Master(of(Arts(in(Linguistics( ( Supervisor:(prof.(dr.(Jean=Christophe(Verstraete((promotor)( ( ( Academic(year(2014=2015 149(431(characters Abstract (English) Ideophones in Middle Chinese: A Typological Study of a Tang Dynasty Poetic Corpus Thomas Van Hoey This M.A. thesis investigates ideophones in Tang dynasty (618-907 AD) Middle Chinese (Sinitic, Sino- Tibetan) from a typological perspective. Ideophones are defined as a set of words that are phonologically and morphologically marked and depict some form of sensory image (Dingemanse 2011b). Middle Chinese has a large body of ideophones, whose domains range from the depiction of sound, movement, visual and other external senses to the depiction of internal senses (cf. Dingemanse 2012a). There is some work on modern variants of Sinitic languages (cf. Mok 2001; Bodomo 2006; de Sousa 2008; de Sousa 2011; Meng 2012; Wu 2014), but so far, there is no encompassing study of ideophones of a stage in the historical development of Sinitic languages. The purpose of this study is to develop a descriptive model for ideophones in Middle Chinese, which is compatible with what we know about them cross-linguistically. The main research question of this study is “what are the phonological, morphological, semantic and syntactic features of ideophones in Middle Chinese?” This question is studied in terms of three parameters, viz. the parameters of form, of meaning and of use. -
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On A Snowy Night: Yishan Yining (1247-1317) and the Development of Zen Calligraphy in Medieval Japan Xiaohan Du Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy under the Executive Committee of the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY 2021 © 2021 Xiaohan Du All Rights Reserved Abstract On A Snowy Night: Yishan Yining (1247-1317) and the Development of Zen Calligraphy in Medieval Japan Xiaohan Du This dissertation is the first monographic study of the monk-calligrapher Yishan Yining (1247- 1317), who was sent to Japan in 1299 as an imperial envoy by Emperor Chengzong (Temur, 1265-1307. r. 1294-1307), and achieved unprecedented success there. Through careful visual analysis of his extant oeuvre, this study situates Yishan’s calligraphy synchronically in the context of Chinese and Japanese calligraphy at the turn of the 14th century and diachronically in the history of the relationship between calligraphy and Buddhism. This study also examines Yishan’s prolific inscriptional practice, in particular the relationship between text and image, and its connection to the rise of ink monochrome landscape painting genre in 14th century Japan. This study fills a gap in the history of Chinese calligraphy, from which monk- calligraphers and their practices have received little attention. It also contributes to existing Japanese scholarship on bokuseki by relating Zen calligraphy to religious and political currents in Kamakura Japan. Furthermore, this study questions the validity of the “China influences Japan” model in the history of calligraphy and proposes a more fluid and nuanced model of synthesis between the wa and the kan (Japanese and Chinese) in examining cultural practices in East Asian culture. -
SUBSTR DESCR International Schools CAMEROON 000944
SUBSTR DESCR International Schools CAMEROON 000944 Universite Yaounde CANADA 001048 Athabasca University 005528 Augustana University College 005516 Bishops University 005525 Concordia Lutheran College 002464 Keyano College 005536 Lethbridge Comm Coll 005536 Lethbridge Community College 002466 Prairie Bible College 009294 Red Deer College 005464 Southern Alberta Inst Tech 005464 Southrn Alb Inst Tec 005464 Southrn Alberta Inst Tech 005567 Univ Alberta 005435 Univ Alberta Calgary Branch 005435 Univ Calgary 005567 University Of Alberta 005469 University Of Lethbridge 003535 Capilano College 008792 Northern Lights Community Coll 006220 Northwest Cmty Coll 002313 Okanagan College 001054 Royal Roads Military Col 002193 Selkirk Col Castlegar Campus 002194 Selkirk Col Rosemont Campus 002195 Selkirk Col Trail Campus 005454 Selkirk College 005597 Simon Fraser University 005569 University Of British Columbia 005590 University Of Victoria 006310 Vancouver Comm College 005515 Brandon University 007078 Sal Army C Booth Bib 001058 United Col Winnipeg 005575 Univ Manitoba 001058 Univ Winnipeg 001058 Wesley Col Winnipeg 005545 Mount Allison University 001051 Universite De Moncton 005578 University Of New Brunswick 005497 Memorial Univ Newfou 005511 Acadia University 005524 Dalhousie University 005478 Mount St Vincent University 005459 Nova Scotia Agricultural Coll 001052 Nova Scotia Col Art Design 005557 St Francis Xavier University 005562 St Marys University International Schools 001057 Tech Univ Nova Scotia 001049 Univ Col Cape Breton 001055 Universite -
Arxiv:2104.04497V1 [Cs.CL] 9 Apr 2021
Chinese Character Decomposition for Neural MT with Multi-Word Expressions Lifeng Han1, Gareth J. F. Jones1, Alan F. Smeaton2 and Paolo Bolzoni 1 ADAPT Research Centre 2 Insight Centre for Data Analytics School of Computing, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland [email protected], [email protected] Abstract porating sub-word knowledge using Byte Pair En- coding (BPE) (Sennrich et al., 2016). However, Chinese character decomposition has been such methods cannot be directly applied to Chi- used as a feature to enhance Machine nese, Japanese and other ideographic languages. Translation (MT) models, combining rad- Integrating sub-character level information, icals into character and word level mod- such as Chinese ideograph and radicals as learning els. Recent work has investigated ideo- knowledge has been used to enhance features in graph or stroke level embedding. How- NMT systems (Han and Kuang, 2018; Zhang and ever, questions remain about different de- Matsumoto, 2018; Zhang and Komachi, 2018). composition levels of Chinese character Han and Kuang (2018), for example, explain that representations, radical and strokes, best the meaning of some unseen or low frequency Chi- suited for MT. To investigate the impact nese characters can be estimated and translated us- of Chinese decomposition embedding in ing radicals decomposed from the Chinese char- detail, i.e., radical, stroke, and intermedi- acters, as long as the learning model can acquire ate levels, and how well these decomposi- knowledge of these radicals within the training tions represent the meaning of the original corpus. character sequences, we carry out analy- Chinese characters often include two pieces of sis with both automated and human evalu- information, with semantics encoded within radi- ation of MT. -
Paul K. Nietupski Professor of Asian Religions Department of Theology
Paul K. Nietupski Professor of Asian Religions Department of Theology & Religious Studies John Carroll University 1 John Carroll Boulevard, Cleveland, Ohio 44118-4520 216-397-4704/[email protected] Academic posts 1993-present Professor of Asian Religions, John Carroll University, Cleveland, Ohio 1991-1992 Lecturer, Department of Religion, Indiana University 1986-1987 Language Instructor, Kunming Medical College, Kunming, Yunnan, PRC 1984-1986 Language Instructor, Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, Guizhou, PRC Publications: Monographs and edited volumes: 2015: Co-editor with Marie-Paule Hille & Bianca Horlemann. Muslims in Amdo Tibetan Society: Multidisciplinary Approaches. Lexington/Rowman & Littlefield, 2015. 2011: Co-editor with Joan O’Mara. Reading Asian Art & Artifacts: Windows to Asia on American College Campuses. Lehigh/Rowman & Littlefield, 2011. 2011: Labrang Monastery: A Tibetan Buddhist Community on the Inner Asian Borderlands 1709-1958. Lexington/Rowman & Littlefield, 2011. 1999: Labrang: A Tibetan Buddhist Monastery at the Crossroads of Four Civilizations. Ithaca: Snow Lion, 1999. Research essays: Amdo: 2015: “Islam and Labrang Monastery: A Muslim Community in a Tibetan Buddhist Estate.” In Muslims in Amdo Tibetan Society: Multidisciplinary Approaches. Edited by Marie-Paule Hille, Bianca Horlemann, & Paul K. Nietupski, 135-152. Lexington/Rowman & Littlefield, 2015. 2015: “The World According to Belmang Paṇḍīta: Belmang Könchok Gyaltsan Palzangpo (1764-1853).” In In Vimalakīrti’s House: A Festschrift in Honor of Robert A.F. Thurman on the Occasion of his 70th Birthday. Edited by Christian K. Wedemeyer, John D. Dunne, and Thomas F. Yarnall, 275-288. New York: American Institute of Buddhist Studies at Columbia University, 2015. 2014: “Understanding Sovereignty in Amdo.” In Trails of the Tibetan Tradition: Papers for Elliot Sperling. -
Practice and Exploration of Reforming Teaching Etiquette to Air Crew Mo
Advances in Intelligent Systems Research, volume 130 6th International Conference on Mechatronics, Computer and Education Informationization (MCEI 2016) Practice and Exploration of Reforming Teaching Etiquette to Air Crew Mo Liu College of Culture and Tourism, Jilin Province Economic Management Cadre College, Changchun City, Jilin Province, China, 130012 [email protected] Keywords: Air crew; Etiquette; Reform; Practice; Exploration Abstract. Service etiquette is one of the required courses for air crew, so students need to master relevant etiquette knowledge and service skills, which should not only remain at learning at the surface level, but also provide students with the practical training opportunity to improve their etiquette skills by combing theories and practice. However, in actual study, due to restriction of the class time and that teachers are uncap able of setting the practical link, students lack practical experience, which directly affects them in adapting to future work and is not beneficial for the long-term development of their work. According to his own teaching experience, the author proposes problems in teaching etiquette to air crew and puts forward corresponding reform measures in order to help the actual training and teaching to air crew. Introduction In recent years, the tourism industry has gradually received more attention as the third industry, and people are having higher and higher requirements to life quality, which proposes higher requirements to air crew and ground staffs. In order to adapt to the developing aviation industry, many colleges and universities have set the aviation major, which is also an improvement of existing educational system. Aviation major aims at cultivating professional and comprehensive talents for aviation enterprises so as to provide passengers with high-quality services. -
79397-89388 Payment for Watershed Services.Pdf
United Nations Development Programme Country: China PROJECT DOCUMENT Payment for Watershed Services in the Chishui River Basin for the Project Title: Conservation of Globally Significant Biodiversity UNDAF Outcome 1: Government and other stakeholders ensure environmental sustainability, Outcome(s): address climate change, and promote a green, low carbon economy Expected CP Outcome(s): Outcome 4: Low carbon and other environmentally sustainable strategies and technologies are adapted widely to meet China’s commitments and compliance with Multilateral Environmental Agreements; and Outcome 5. The vulnerability of poor communities and ecosystems to climate change is reduced Expected CPAP Output (s): Output 4.1 Policy and capacity barriers for the sustained and widespread adoption of low carbon and other environmentally sustainable strategies and technologies removed, and Output 5.1 A strengthened policy, legal, institutional framework for the sustainable use of land, water, the conservation of biodiversity, and other natural resources in fragile ecosystems is enforced. Executing Entity/Implementing Partner: Ministry of Environmental Protection Implementing Ent ity/Responsible Partners: Environmental Protection Department of Guizhou Brief Description The Chishui River is one of the most important tributaries of the upper Yangtze River, because of its diverse landscapes, richness in biodiversity and abundance in water resources. It is the only major tributary of the Upper Yangtze that remains free-flowing without a mainstream dam. The Chishui River Basin (CRB) is an important storehouse of biodiversity, lying within the Upper Yangtze Freshwater Ecoregion and the Guizhou Plateau Broadleaf and Mixed Forests Terrestrial Ecoregion. The basin also lies on the eastern margin of the Mountains of Southwest China biodiversity hotspot, and contains part of the China Danxia World Heritage Site.