DOCSLIB.ORG

University of Derby Intertextual, Literary

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
University of Derby Intertextual, Literary Intertextual, literary and intercultural influences in the poetry of Perveen Shakir Item Type Thesis Authors Peters, Katherine Download date 25/09/2021 16:33:49 Item License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/ Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10545/621552 1 UNIVERSITY OF DERBY INTERTEXTUAL, LITERARY & INTERCULTURAL INFLUENCES IN THE POETRY OF PERVEEN SHAKIR Katherine Peters Doctor of Philosophy 2016 2 Contents Abstract…………………………………………………….........................................5 Acknowledgements…………………………………………………………………...7 Note on translations…………………………………………………………………..9 Introduction…………………………………………………………………………..10 Chapter 1. Khushboo (Fragrance): A portrait of the poet as a young girl …… 63 1.1. Introduction……………………………………………………………………..63 1.2. The poems ……………………… ……………………………………………..64 1.3. Defining ghazal…………………………………………………………………………65 1.4. Khushboo: an introduction……………………………………………………...67 1.5. Poems of hidden love…………………………………………………………. .68 i. Departmental store mein (In a Departmental Store) ……………………………. 68 ii. Aaina (Mirror)………………………………………………………………...74 iii. Sirf aik larki (Only a Girl)…………………………………………………...77 1.6. Poems of passion and sexuality…………………………………………………79 i. Ecstasy…………………………………………………………………………80 ii. Wasteland…………………………………………………………………….. 84 iii. Nun…………………………………………………………………………...92 Chapter 2. Sadburg (Marigold): Shakir and the genesis of a radical......................98 2.1. Introduction………………………………………………………………………..98 3 2.2. Political poems……………………………………………………………………103 i. Zill-e ellahi ki problems (His Majesty’s Problems)……………………………...104 ii. Adrikni (Help Me/Rescue Me)………………………………………………...110 iii. Shaam-e-ghareeban (The Evening of 10th Muharram/A HaplessTraveller)…..111 iv. Macbeth……………………………………………………………………….114 2.3. Poems mixing feminine/feminist stances………………………………………..120 i. Working Woman………………………………………………………………....121 ii. A Stenographer………………………………………………………………….125 Chapter 3. Mother, Motherhood and Motherland in Khud-Kalami (Talking to Oneself/Soliloquy)........................................................................................................131 3.1. Introduction………………………………………………………………………..131 3.2. Poems of tension and conflict: womanhood vs. motherhood……………………..135 i. Khud-Kalami (Talking to Oneself)………………………………………………..136 ii. Misfit ……………………………………………………………………………...143 iii. Che-kunam (What Should I Do?) ………………………………………………..154 iv. A Poem for Farogh Furrukhzad…………………………………………………..156 v. Phulon ka kya hoga? (What Will Happen to the Flowers?)……………………….163 3.3. Return to nisvani: poems of motherhood…………………………………………..167 i. Navishta (Ordained/It Has Been Written…)………………………………………..168 ii. Mera laal (My Ruby, My Darling Child)……………………………………….....173 iii. Teri mohni surat (Your Charming Face)………………………………………….178 iv. Kaenaat ke khaliq (O, Creator of the World)……………………………………..181 Chapter 4. Women without a voice: third-world feminism in Inkaar (Refusal/Denial)…………………………………………………………………………186 4.1. Introduction ………………………………………………………………………....186 4.2. The poems…………………………………………………………………………...187 4.3. Nation and the woman……………………………………………………………….189 i. Shahzadi ka almia (Tragedy of a Princess)…………………………………………..189 ii. Nadamat (A Regret)…………………………………………………………………198 4 4.4. Prose poem dealing with social issues……………………………………………….198 Bashira kee ghar wali (The Wife of Bashira)……………………………………….....199 4.5. Female poets of Pakistan: female sexuality vs. Muslim society………………...........212 Tomato Ketchup...............................................................................................................212 Conclusion...........................................................................................................................231 Bibliography........................................................................................................................237 Appendix 1..........................................................................................................................1-62 5 ABSTRACT This thesis explores the Urdu poetry of Perveen Shakir, a Pakistani, third-world, Muslim, female poet, in her socio-cultural, religious and political context. The entire four collections written between 1977 and 1990 are analysed in order to depict the stages of her life: girl, woman, mother and poet. The collections were written during extreme political pressure of martial law, dictatorship and the Islamisation of General Zia’s regime (1977- 1988). The thesis argues that Shakir, an educated self-aware Pakistani Muslim woman, is formulating new feminist ideas and concepts of individual freedom through her unconventional love poetry; in that way crossing the limits of her traditional ‘feminine’ nisvani demands, whilst she is also struggling under the extreme cultural, political and religious pressure of a Muslim society which conflicts with her liberal ‘feminist’ thinking. Shakir is constantly shifting between two positions: a traditional ‘feminine’ nisvani and a ‘feminist’ position. Influenced by her Eastern culture she clings to the traditional identity, sometimes due to her own personal choice, and sometimes under her cultural pressure, unwilling to alienate her traditional self which understands that a husband is a symbol of respect and security for a Pakistani woman. Influenced by western culture she reveals her liberal feminist voice openly writing about her sexual needs and also writing about her marginalised position from which she criticises the politics of patriarchy. This intercultural influence in the Urdu poetry of Shakir is reflected through these overlapping and co-existing positions, where she is neither a true feminist poet by western standards (anti-sexist and anti- patriarchal) nor a clear traditional ‘feminine’ nisvani. In the end, she compromises in order to survive in her Islamic culture, re-adjusting and rethinking her liberal feminist ideas. The main concern of the thesis is to explain the complex and multi-layered meanings of the term ‘woman’ in the Pakistani cultural context. The analysis has shown that in Pakistani culture the concept of self or individual freedom for a Pakistani Muslim woman is not a simple question. This study focuses on various stages of Shakir’s biographical journey employing the theoretical framework of dialogism which reveals the development of feminisms, and how they balance in the end. 6 No critical study on Shakir from a third-world postcolonial Pakistani perspective, analysing her poetry within a theoretical framework, has been written so far, and therefore this study is an invaluable contribution to current scholarly knowledge of the discipline. This study also contributes in another way, as it is the first work in English at this level. 7 Acknowledgements My gratitude first goes to my late parents Feroze-ud-din and Florence Feroze. I want to especially thank my father; without his prayers and blessing I would have never got this far both in my studies and in life. My brothers Innocent and Vincent and my sisters Anne, Caroline and Angelina are equally part of this thanks for their endless support and prayers. I also thank my lovely husband Rev’d Geoffrey Peters; no acknowledgement, be it public or private, would do justice to his patience, support and understanding which (however bitterly tested by this project’s demands on my time) never slackened. I thank him for always being there and taking all the responsibilities to give me more time to study. Without his support this thesis would have never been completed. Thanks to my three darlings; niece Nida and nephews Obed and Nabeel for pampering me during my doctoral program. My special gratitude to my supervisors Professor Neil Campbell, Director of Studies, Department of Arts, Design and Technology, University of Derby and Dr Christine Berberich (now at Portsmouth University) for their tireless efforts in bringing this thesis to fruition. I thank them both from the depths of my heart for their non-stop encouragement, the long and critical discussions that helped give substance to my work, and their unwavering belief in me, not to mention their unlimited patience. A special thank you is also due to Professor Huw Davies, Dean of Faculty of Arts, Design and Technology at the University of Derby for allowing me discounted fees during my years of research, which helped me continue my studies. I would also like to thank my home department in Pakistan, the Ministry of Education, Islamabad, for allowing me leave to complete my research. Many special thanks to Parveen Qadir Agha, the Chairperson of the Parveen Shakir Trust, Islamabad, Pakistan, for providing me with material and current publications on Shakir. I am also grateful to her for never failing to post any material to me in the UK. I also wish to thank her for introducing me to Dr Sultana Baksh, research scholar on Shakir. My special thanks to Dr Sultana Baksh for helping me during my yearly trips to Pakistan with lengthy discussions on Shakir’s poetic collections. Particular gratitude goes to her again for discussing with me the translations of a number of Shakir’s poems. At the same time many thanks to Iftikhar Arif, for his help and 8 for introducing to Amina Yaqin, Kishwar Naheed, Amjad Islam Amjad, the late Ahmad Faraz, the late Ahmad Nadeem Qasmi, and any others who have helped and encouraged me. Particular thanks to Dr Baidar Bakht, Shakir’s translator, in Toronto, Canada, for helping me with translations of the forewords of the first two collections, and selected poems of Shakir for the thesis, as translations
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Muhammad Umar Memon Bibliographic News
    muhammad umar memon Bibliographic News Note: (R) indicates that the book is reviewed elsewhere in this issue. Abbas, Azra. ìYouíre Where Youíve Always Been.î Translated by Muhammad Umar Memon. Words Without Borders [WWB] (November 2010). [http://wordswithoutborders.org/article/youre-where-youve-alwaysbeen/] Abbas, Sayyid Nasim. ìKarbala as Court Case.î Translated by Richard McGill Murphy. WWB (July 2004). [http://wordswithoutborders.org/article/karbala-as-court-case/] Alam, Siddiq. ìTwo Old Kippers.î Translated by Muhammad Umar Memon. WWB (September 2010). [http://wordswithoutborders.org/article/two-old-kippers/] Alvi, Mohammad. The Wind Knocks and Other Poems. Introduction by Gopi Chand Narang. Selected by Baidar Bakht. Translated from Urdu by Baidar Bakht and Marie-Anne Erki. New Delhi: Sahitya Akademi, 2007. 197 pp. Rs. 150. isbn 978-81-260-2523-7. Amir Khusrau. In the Bazaar of Love: The Selected Poetry of Amir Khusrau. Translated by Paul Losensky and Sunil Sharma. New Delhi: Penguin India, 2011. 224 pp. Rs. 450. isbn 9780670082360. Amjad, Amjad Islam. Shifting Sands: Poems of Love and Other Verses. Translated by Baidar Bakht and Marie Anne Erki. Lahore: Packages Limited, 2011. 603 pp. Rs. 750. isbn 9789695732274. Bedi, Rajinder Singh. ìMethun.î Translated by Muhammad Umar Memon. WWB (September 2010). [http://wordswithoutborders.org/article/methun/] Chughtai, Ismat. Masooma, A Novel. Translated by Tahira Naqvi. New Delhi: Women Unlimited, 2011. 152 pp. Rs. 250. isbn 978-81-88965-66-3. óó. ìOf Fists and Rubs.î Translated by Muhammad Umar Memon. WWB (Sep- tember 2010). [http://wordswithoutborders.org/article/of-fists-and-rubs/] Granta. 112 (September 2010).
    [Show full text]
  • The Fatal Flame
    pT Lit 003 Rakhshanda Jalil’s translation of Gulzar’s short story Dhuaan wins the inaugural Jawad Memorial Prize for Urdu-English translation The fatal flame alpix 0761 Dr Rakhshanda Jalil Publisher : Hachette UK BA Eng Hons 1984 MH MA Eng 1986 LSR Writer Late last week, it was announced that Delhi-based writer, critic and literary historian Rakhshanda Jalil would be awarded the inaugural Jawad Memorial Prize for Urdu-english translation, instituted in the memory of Urdu poet and scholar Ali Jawad Zaidi by his family, on the occasion of his birth centenary. A recipient of the Padma Shri, the Ghalib Award and the Mir Anis award, Zaidi had to his name several books of ghazals and nazms, scholarly works on Urdu literature, including The History Of Urdu Literature, and was working on a book called Urdu Mein Ramkatha when he died in 2004. Considering that much of Zaidi’s work “served as a bridge between languages and cultures”, his family felt the best way to honour his literary legacy would be to focus on translations. Since the prize was to be given to a short story in translation in the first year, submissions of an unpublished translation of a published Urdu story were sought. While Jalil won the prize, the joint runners-up were Fatima Rizvi, who teaches literature at the University of Lucknow, and Pakistani social scientist and critic Raza Naeem. The judges, authors Tabish Khair and Musharraf Ali Farooqi, chose to award Jalil for her “careful, and even” translation of a story by Gulzar, Dhuaan (Smoke), “which talks about the violence and tragic absurdity of religious prejudice”.
    [Show full text]
  • Fahmida Riaz - Poems
    Classic Poetry Series Fahmida Riaz - poems - Publication Date: 2012 Publisher: Poemhunter.com - The World's Poetry Archive Fahmida Riaz(28 July 1946) Fahmida Riaz (Urdu: ?????? ????) is a well known Urdu writer, poet, and feminist of Pakistan. Along with Zehra Nigah, Parveen Shakir, Kishwar Naheed , Riaz is amongst the most prominent female Urdu poets in Pakistan. She is author of Godaavari, Khatt-e Marmuz, and Khana e Aab O Gil, the first translation of the Masnavi of Maulana Jalaluddin Rumi from Farsi into Urdu she has also translated the works of Shah Abdul Latif Bhitai and Shaikh Ayaz from Sindhi to Urdu. <b> Early Life </b> Fahmida Riaz was born on July 28, 1946 in a literary family of Meerut, UP, India. Her father, Riaz-ud-Din Ahmed, was an educationist, who had a great influence in mapping and establishing modern education system for Sindh. Her family settled in Hyderabad following her father's transfer to Sindh. Fahmida learnt Urdu, and Sindhi language literature in childhood and later Persian. Her early life was marked by the loss of her father when she was just 4 years old. She was already making poetry at this young age. Her mother (Husna Begum) supported the family unit through entrepreneurial efforts until Fahmida entered college, when she started work as a newscaster for Radio Pakistan. Fahmida's first poetry collection was written at this time. <b> Family and Work </b> She was persuaded by family to enter into an arranged marriage after graduation from college, and spent a few years in the UK with her first husband before returning to Pakistan after a divorce.
    [Show full text]
  • GIPE-010149.Pdf
    THE PRINCES OF INDIA [By permission of the Jlidor;a f- Albert 1lluseum THE CORONAT I O); OF AN Ii:\DI AN SOVE R E I G:\f From the :\janta Frescoes THE PRINCES OF INDIA WITH A CHAPTER ON NEPAL By SIR \VILLIAM BAR TON K.C.I.E., C.S.I. With an Introduction by VISCOUNT HAL IF AX K.G., G.C.S.l. LONDON NISBET & CO. LTD. 11 BER!'\ERS STllEET, 'W.I TO ~IY '\'!FE JJ!l.il ul Prir.:d i11 Grt~ Eri:Jill liy E11.u::, Wa:.:ctl 6- riney, W., L~ ad A>:esbury Firs! p.,.;::isilll ;,. 1;34 INTRODUCTION ITHOUT of necessity subscribing to everything that this book contains, I W am very glad to accept Sir William Barton's invitation to write a foreword to this con .. tribution to our knowledge of a subject at present occupying so large a share of the political stage. Opinion differs widely upon many of the issues raised, and upon the best way of dealing with them. But there will be no unwillingness in any quarter to admit that in the months to come the future of India will present to the people of this country the most difficult task in practical statesmanship with which thet 1hive ever been confronted. If the decision is to be a wise one it must rest upon a sound conception of the problem itself, and in that problem the place that is to be taken in the new India by the Indian States is an essential factor. Should they join the rest of India in a Federation ? Would they bring strength to a Federal Government, or weakness? Are their interests compatible with adhesion to an All-India v Vl INTRODUCTION Federation? What should be the range of the Federal Government's jurisdiction over them? These are some of the questions upon which keen debate will shortly arise.
    [Show full text]
  • Ishrat Afreen - Poems
    Classic Poetry Series Ishrat Afreen - poems - Publication Date: 2012 Publisher: Poemhunter.com - The World's Poetry Archive Ishrat Afreen(25 December 1956) Ishrat Afreen (Urdu: ???? ?????; Hindi: ???? ?????; alternative spelling: Ishrat Aafreen; born December 25, 1956) is an Urdu poet and women's rights activist named one of the five most influential and trend-setting female voices in Urdu Literature. Her works have been translated in many languages including English, Japanese, Sanskrit and Hindi. The renowned ghazal singers Jagjit Singh & Chitra Singh also performed her poetry in their anthology, Beyond Time (1987). Famed actor Zia Mohyeddin also recites her nazms in his 17th and 20th volumes as well as his ongoing concerts. <b> Early Life and Career </b> Ishrat Jehan was born into an educated family in Karachi, Pakistan as the oldest of five children. She later took the pen name Ishrat Afreen. She was first published at the age of 14 in the Daily Jang on April 31, 1971. She continued writing and was published in a multitude of literary magazines across the subcontinent of India and Pakistan. She eventually became assistant editor for the monthly magazine Awaaz, edited by the poet Fahmida Riaz. Parallel to her writing career she participated in several radio shows on Radio Pakistan from 1970-1984 that aired nationally and globally. She later worked under Mirza Jamil on the now universal Noori Nastaliq Urdu script for InPage. She married Syed Perwaiz Jafri, an Indian lawyer, in 1985 and migrated to India. Five years thereafter, the couple and their two children migrated to America. They now reside in Houston, Texas with their three children.
    [Show full text]
  • Media Literacy Policy in Pakistan
    Hacettepe University Graduate School of Social Sciences Department of Communication Sciences MEDIA LITERACY POLICY IN PAKISTAN Sana ZAINAB Master Thesis Ankara, 2019 MEDIA LITERACY POLICY IN PAKISTAN Sana ZAINAB Hacettepe University Graduate School of Social Sciences Department of Communication Sciences Master Thesis Ankara, 2019 YAYIMLAMA VE FİKRİ MÜLKİYET HAKLARI BEYANI Enstitü tarafından onaylanan lisansüstü tezimin tamamını veya herhangi bir kısmını, basılı (kağıt) ve elektronik formatta arşivleme ve aşağıda verilen koşullarla kullanıma açma iznini Hacettepe Üniversitesine verdiğimi bildiririm. Bu izinle Üniversiteye verilen kullanım hakları dışındaki tüm fikri mülkiyet haklarım bende kalacak, tezimin tamamının ya da bir bölümünün gelecekteki çalışmalarda (makale, kitap, lisans ve patent vb.) kullanım hakları bana ait olacaktır. Tezin kendi orijinal çalışmam olduğunu, başkalarının haklarını ihlal etmediğimi ve tezimin tek yetkili sahibi olduğumu beyan ve taahhüt ederim. Tezimde yer alan telif hakkı bulunan ve sahiplerinden yazılı izin alınarak kullanılması zorunlu metinleri yazılı izin alınarak kullandığımı ve istenildiğinde suretlerini Üniversiteye teslim etmeyi taahhüt ederim. Yükseköğretim Kurulu tarafından yayınlanan “Lisansüstü Tezlerin Elektronik Ortamda Toplanması, Düzenlenmesi ve Erişime Açılmasına İlişkin Yönerge” kapsamında tezim aşağıda belirtilen koşullar haricince YÖK Ulusal Tez Merkezi / H.Ü. Kütüphaneleri Açık Erişim Sisteminde erişime açılır. o Enstitü / Fakülte yönetim kurulu kararı ile tezimin erişime açılması mezuniyet
    [Show full text]
  • Hindi Song Book
    1 Hindi Text Listing 33 Movie/singer order NO. TITLE MOVIE/SINGER COMPOSED BY 206 EK LADKI KO DEKHA TO AISA LAGA 1942 A LOVE STORY KUMAR SANU 521 PYAR HUA CHUPKE SE 1942 A LOVE STORY KAVITA KRISHNAMURTHY 539 RIMJHIM RIMJHIM 1942 A LOVE STORY KUMAR SANU , KAVITA K. 544 ROOTH NA JANA 1942 A LOVE STORY KUMAR SANU 677 YE SAFAR BAHUT HAI KATHIN MAGAR 1942 A LOVE STORY SHIVAJI CHATOPADHYAYA 421 MERA DIL TERA DIWAANA AA AB LAUT CHALEN ALKA UDIT 6038 KILIYE KILIYE AA RATHRI S. JANAKI 399 MAI GAREEBON KA DIL HOON AABE HYAAT HEMANT KUMAR 9 AAJ MERE YAAR KI SHAADI HAI AADMI SADAK KA MOHD.RAFI 11 AAJ PURANI RAAHON SE AADMI MOHD. RAFI 452 NA AADMI KA KOI BHAROSA AADMI MO. RAFI 13 AAJA RE AAH LATA MANGESHKAR & MUKESH 284 JAANE NA NAZAR AAH LATA MANGESHKAR, MUKESH 533 RAJA KI AAYEGI BARAT AAH LATA MANGESHKAR 222 GORIYA RE GORIYA RE AAINA LATA, JOLLY MUKHARJEE 43 ACHHA TO HUM CHALTE HAI AAN MILO SAJANA LATA, KISHORE KUMAR 19 AAN MILO SAJNA AAN MILO SAJNA LATA MANGESHKAR, MOHD.RAFI 661 YAHAAN WAHAAN SAARE AAN MILO SAJNA KISHORE KUMAR 8 AAJ MERE MANN MEIN SAKHI AAN LATA MANGESHKAR 105 BUS MERI JAAN BUS AANCHAL LATA, KISHORE KUMAR 275 IS MOD SE JAATE HAI AANDHI LATA MANGESHKAR 215 GAYA BACHPAN AANKHON ANKHON MEIN LATA MANGESHKAR 434 MERI AANKHON MEIN TUM HO AANKHON MEIN TUM HO ALKA, UDIT NARAYAN 227 GUNI JANO BHAKT JANO AANSOON AUR MUSKAAN KISHORE KUMAR 22 AAP AAYE BAHAAR AAYI AAP AAYE BAHAAR AAYI MOHD.
    [Show full text]
  • ﮐﺴﯽ ﺑﮭﯽ اﻋﺘﺮاض ﮐﯽ ﺻﻮرت ﻣﯿﮟ ﻣﺘﻌﻠﻘہ ڈﺳﭩﺮﮐﭧ اﯾﺠﻮﮐﯿﺸﻦ آﻓﯿﺴﺮ ز ﮐﮯ دﻓﺎﺗﺮ اﭘﻨﯽ درﺧﻮاﺳﺖ داﺧﻞ ﮐﺮواﺋﯿﮟ اور ڈاﺋﺮی 56.988 14.8 3.672 10.306 ﻧﻤﺒﺮ ﻟﯿﻨﺎ ﻣﺖ8 9.4ﺑﮭﻮﻟﯿﮟ ۔ 4اس3
    2/1/2017 Official Document Tentative List: Recruitment of Educators 2016­17, District KHANEWAL GMES CHUGHATA PUNJUANA, School's Name TULAMBA Post MIAN CHAUGHATA CHAUGHATA Authority DEO (Female) Name ESE Gender FEMALE Adv Sr # 125 Tehsil CHANNU School UC PUNJUANA Village PUNJUANA Prof. Total Diary # 17­A UC Name Village Matric Intermediate Graduation Honors Master Diploma Qualification NTS Interview Marks Obtained Merit Candidate Name with Father Date of Out of # Priority # CNIC # / Husband Name Gender Birth Tehsil (Marks=10) (Marks=08) (Marks=04) (Marks=13) (Marks=15) (Marks=15) (Marks=30) (Marks=15) (Marks=10) (Marks=05) (Marks=20) (Marks=05) 100 1 2027 36104­2057244­4 SUNDUS ANWAR Female 30­04­ MIAN 0 CHAUGHATA 786/1050 791/1100 548/800 754/1200 B.Ed 70 1991 CHANNU PUNJUANA (754/1250) 0 MUHAMMAD ANWAR 8 0 9.731 10.786 10.275 9.424 3.016 14 65.232 2 1405 36104­7491615­0 SUMERA BASHIR Female 11­03­ MIAN 0 CHAUGHATA 650/850 683/1100 972/1500 853/1400 B.Ed 78 1988 CHANNU PUNJUANA (631/900) 0 BASHIR AHMED 8 0 9.941 9.313 9.72 9.139 3.505 15.6 65.218 3 1359 36104­6699238­6 RASHIDA PARVEEN Female 07­06­ MIAN 0 CHAUGHATA 874/1050 768/1100 531/800 646/1200 B.Ed 66 1991 CHANNU PUNJUANA (747/1250) 0 NIAMAT ULLAH 8 0 10.82 10.472 9.956 8.074 2.988 13.2 63.51 4 474 36104­9718029­8 ANAM SHAHZADI Female 05­10­ MIAN 0 625/850 869/1050 982/1500 1520/2000 B.Ed 73 1993 CHANNU (650/900) 0 MUHAMMAD IQBAL 0 0 9.558 12.414 9.82 11.4 3.611 14.6 61.403 5 2044 36501­4754520­0 ROUBINA KOUSER Female 01­04­ MIAN 0 CHAUGHATA 19/8­R 586/850 658/1100 493/800 547/1000
    [Show full text]
  • THE Holy QURAN and the ORIENTALISTS: Literary PERSPECTIVE
    THE HOLy QUPAN AND THE ORIENTALISTS: LITERARY PERSPECTIVE ABSTRACT ^nhmitM jTor tf}e fiegtee of Sottor of $l)iIos(opti? IN Arabic Literature BY TOWQUEER ALAM llnd»r th« Supervision of Dr. ABDUL BARI Professor and Chairman DEPARTMENT OF ARABIC ALIGARH MUSLIM UNIVERSITY ALIGARH (INDIA) 1991-92 The holy Quran beinq a Book of guidance to the human so^ ' ^ty as a whole, has been a subject of discussion since its revelation period. Enormous contribution in the form of leading articles, research papers of high standard and com­ prehensive books regarding its majestic teachings, whether pro and against^ from the side of the Muslims or non-Muslims, provide an overt proof for its extra ordinary importance, un- comparable to any manifestation of human science and intellect. The teachings of the holy Book being revolutionary in its character, provide a complete guidance to the human being for adopting 'the right path as proposed by the Omnipotent God for a Successful life in this world and the world Hereafter. This aspect of study of the holy Quran is purely religious. The preservance oE the Revelation, its specific arrangement, majestic presentation, omission and addition, rhyme and rhythm andjabove all, its miraculous character, both from the point of view of ideology and literature, testify for its being a marvellous literary monument, :fer above in excellence» in com- prision to any human endeavour , irrespective of age and place. I am not hesitant,at all, to concede that the Occidental scholars, although not altogether free from biased thinking, have contributed a lot, so far as their intellectual endeavours are concerned.
    [Show full text]
  • Curriculum Vitae
    Curriculum Vitae ARSHAD MASOOD HASHMI Associate Professor, Department of Urdu Gopeshwar College, Gopalganj, 841436, India Contact:91-9934502098 [email protected] EDUCATION B.R.A. BIHAR UNIVERSITY, Muzaffarpur, India D.Lit. in Urdu, April’ 2002 Topic of Thesis: Premchand aur Lu Xun kay Fun ka Taqaabli Motalea B.R.A. BIHAR UNIVERSITY, Muzaffarpur, India Ph.D. in Urdu, August’ 1997 Topic of Ph.D. Thesis: Nafsi Tajarbe aur Adabi Takhleeq UNIVERSITY GRANTS COMMISION, New Delhi, India National Eligibility Test for Lectureship, June’ 1994 B.R.A. BIHAR UNIVERSITY, Muzaffarpur, India M. A. In Urdu Literature, June’ 1994 L. N. MITHILA UNIVERSITY, Darbhanga, India M. A. In English Literature, April’ 1992 B.R.A. BIHAR UNIVERSITY, Muzaffarpur, India B. A. (Honours) in English Literature, July’ 1989 TEACHING EXPERIENCE Department of Urdu, Gopeshwar College, Gopalganj (Jai Prakash University, Chapra, India) Associate Professor, September’ 2008 to present Page 1 of 14 * Teaching History of Urdu language & literature, criticism, classical and modern poetry, drama, Fiction and History of Islam to graduate classes * Designed series of teaching resources for students to develop the skills of critical thinking, ethical conduct, problem-solving, discussion in groups, team building and academic writing P.G. Department of Urdu, Jai Prakash University, Chapra, India Associate Professor, December’ 2006 – August’ 2008 * Taught History of Hindi Literature and linguistics to post-graduate students *Used modern pedagogies to teach modern and practical criticism
    [Show full text]
  • PRINT CULTURE and LEFT-WING RADICALISM in LAHORE, PAKISTAN, C.1947-1971
    PRINT CULTURE AND LEFT-WING RADICALISM IN LAHORE, PAKISTAN, c.1947-1971 Irfan Waheed Usmani (M.Phil, History, University of Punjab, Lahore) A THESIS SUBMITTED FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY SOUTH ASIAN STUDIES PROGRAMME NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF SINGAPORE 2016 DECLARATION I hereby declare that this thesis is my original work and it has been written by me in its entirety. I have duly acknowledged all the sources of information which have been used in the thesis. This thesis has also not been submitted for any degree in any university previously. _________________________________ Irfan Waheed Usmani 21 August 2015 ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENT First I would like to thank God Almighty for enabling me to pursue my higher education and enabling me to finish this project. At the very outset I would like to express deepest gratitude and thanks to my supervisor, Dr. Gyanesh Kudaisya, who provided constant support and guidance to this doctoral project. His depth of knowledge on history and related concepts guided me in appropriate direction. His interventions were both timely and meaningful, contributing towards my own understanding of interrelated issues and the subject on one hand, and on the other hand, injecting my doctoral journey with immense vigour and spirit. Without his valuable guidance, support, understanding approach, wisdom and encouragement this thesis would not have been possible. His role as a guide has brought real improvements in my approach as researcher and I cannot measure his contributions in words. I must acknowledge that I owe all the responsibility of gaps and mistakes in my work. I am thankful to his wife Prof.
    [Show full text]
  • A Review of the Contributions by Women to Urdu Literature in Earlier and Nearby Periods
    American Journal of Educational Science Vol. 1, No. 4, 2015, pp. 152-158 http://www.aiscience.org/journal/ ajes A Review of the Contributions by Women to Urdu Literature in Earlier and Nearby Periods Robina Kausar 1, Muhammad Sarwar 2, *, Muhammad Shabbir 3 1Government Islamia College for Women, Department of Urdu, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan 2Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission, Nuclear Institute for Agriculture & Biology, Department of Plant Protection, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan 3Government College for Boys, Department of Statistics, Chak Jhumra, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan Abstract Urdu literature has a long and colourful history, and it is perhaps the only language that can be enjoyed even if anybody does not understand it. Pakistan’s quest for new ideas on Urdu literature produced some of the most powerful prose and poetry from many excellent writers and poets including women. Although important women writers have appeared before creation of Pakistan, yet the present era saw a proliferation of prose and poetry by women which critiqued the cultural, social and political systems with profound insight and great passion. Speculatively, the reason for the existing of many fine women writers in Pakistan, as compared to almost rare in subcontinent, may be owing to the different ways in which women in Pakistan and Muslim women elsewhere are members of civil society and participate in the public sphere. Within the scope of this paper the main theme is to indicate the key role of women writers and poets, they have played in creating awareness among the folks not only what the womanhood passes through, but also the social constraints that mars their own development.
    [Show full text]