DOCSLIB.ORG

4` X Eycvre UV]Rjvu

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
4` X Eycvre UV]Rjvu & 9 $#* : % * : : S@B9ISI #$! ! !#!$%&'( '.'./ +' ,)- ' ()* 4A66 = 3,6 ,64A 36 ;, ,<8 -46, 5 N 6,= O;6D , 6- 6,=3 88!!" <8> ?, % ,$ )* + , '*-%&./ %'0 ! "$% !& R " iour” and “misuse” of author- ity. Rajya Sabha Chairman M Venkaiah Naidu rejected the dead, while the other two are notice, saying the case against battling for their lives. the then CJI was based on “sus- n auto-driver was lynched A case of murder has been picion and conjectures”. Aby a mob in Dwarka's registered and one person has Modi said the Congress has Uttam Nagar on Saturday been arrested for questioning, no faith in democracy and evening after two battery said police. judiciary. “It does not hold dia- thieves who were riding on his The deceased was a resi- logue and stall proceedings in vehicle diverted the ire of the dent of Shahjahanpur and was Parliament, but the new game mob blaming the driver for the living in Vikas Nagar in Delhi. they are playing now is dan- crimes. gerous and this must be debat- The victim auto-driver, ed for a bright future of the identified as Avinash Kumar, country.” had picked two passengers, “When their shameless tac- identified as Mani Ram and tics fail, they use the threat of Prakash, from Uttam Nagar. impeachment to bend the Mani and Prakash asked judges to their will. This is a the unsuspecting auto driver to dangerous play. The Congress stop at Mohan Garden for wait is committing a crime by using for sometime, police said. impeachment to stop lawful Meanwhile, the auto driver procedures. They are enslaving Avinash went to attend the the country using their power nature's call. When he came sands of Vishwa Hindu in the Rajya Sabha,” Modi said. back, a crowd had already Parishad (VHP) workers and He urged intellectuals to gathered near his auto and s the BJP seeks to rekindle supporters trooped into the analyse this “dangerous game” they were beating Mani and Athe politically sensitive venue of the “Dharm Sabha” at of the Congress in the interest Prakash for stealing car bat- Ayodhya issue, Prime Minister Ayodhya called by the VHP to of the country. teries. Narendra Modi on Monday discuss the way forward for the The 200-member As soon as the auto driver accused the Congress of inter- construction of the temple. Rajasthan Assembly is sched- returned to his vehicle, Mani fering in the Supreme Court’s Sibal, a Supreme Court uled to go to polls on and Prakash blamed Avinash # $ proceedings on the Ram lawyer, also said that he had not December 7. The counting of ! for the thefts claiming that he Temple-Babri Masjid case, say- appeared in the court since votes will take place on is the kingpin. In the melee, the ing that their Rajya Sabha lead- January 2018 and that neither December 11. thieves placed a stolen battery ers intimidate Supreme Court the Congress nor the BJP are ,545, show some patience,” the seer Minister in the Central in Avinash’s auto and con- judges with the threat of party to the court proceedings. ! remarked. Government regarding this vinced the crowd that the auto impeachment if they don’t stall “The Congress is not a party in he Vishwa Hindu Parishad The seers at the Dharm issue on November 23. He driver was the mastermind. the case until after the general these proceedings. Nothing T(VHP) sponsored Dharm Sabha administered oath to assured me that after The furious crowd immediate- elections of next year. can prevent the court from # # Sabha did not announce any the crowd and asked people to December 11, we will sit with ly jumped on him and beat him “If a Supreme Court judge hearing the matter. The CJI has date for the construction of take back soil of Ayodhya and the PM and will take a decision to death. does not prepare the time table said it is not a priority matter $% Ram Temple, but one of its make pledge that they will not on this issue. I am hopeful that The two thieves too faced (for hearing cases) as per their for the Supreme Court, and the senior seers claimed that the let die down struggle for mak- a legislation will come for tem- the fury of the mob and sus- (Congress’s) political inten- PM has no courage to say any- Centre will take some decision ing a grand Ram temple at ple construction.” tained grievous injuries. tions and wants to hear all to thing against the CJI. Blaming on this issue after results of Ayodhya. The Swami further said the Police said all the three deliver justice on a serious the Congress for making polit- 3'4 Assembly polls were out on The Dharm Sabha under- Minister had asked us to keep were rushed to hospital where and sensitive issue, such as ical capital won’t help,” Sibal December 11. lined the strong sentiment for patience. “The Government Avinash was declared brought Ayodhya, then the party’s added. ttacking Prime Minister Amid growing demand for Bill or Ordinance for Ram will respect our sentiments lawyers, who are Rajya Sabha Modi alleged the Congress ANarendra Modi, Shiv Sena the construction of the Ram Temple by the Centre. this is what a senior Minister members, start the game of threatened Supreme Court chief Uddhav Thackeray said if Temple in Ayodhya without Chairman of the Ram told me. I am a devotee of Lord scaring the judges in the name judges with impeachment the BJP Government was deter- further delay, Ramji Das of Janmabhoomi Nyas Mahant Ram and Ram Janmabhoomi is of impeachment,” Modi said. when they tried hearing the mined to honour court's order Nirmohi Akhara told VHP’s Nritya Gopal Das, who our right,” he said. Senior Congress leader and Ayodhya dispute cases earlier why it promised people Dharm Sabha on Sunday that presided over the Sabha, said He further said he also Rajya Sabha member Kapil this year. The PM claimed that during elections that con- dates for the same will be that people still have faith in the spoke to RSS chief Mohan Sibal rubbished Prime Congress party’s Rajya Sabha struction of Ram Temple at announced early next year dur- BJP Governments at the Centre Bhagwat who “assured me that Minister’s claim saying he members, who are also lawyers, Ayodhya will start during their ing Kumbh in Prayagraj. and Uttar Pradesh. pressure will be mounted on " # should start a new programme had tried to scare away the apex regime. Addressing the sabha after “This congregation proves the Government for bringing in $ % $ %% & on the lines of “Man ki baat” court judges to ensure the “The Ram Temple will be the inauguration marked by the point that people want a legislation” in Parliament for ' ( &') $ %* titled “jhooti baat” so that peo- hearing in the cases is delayed constructed at any cost whether chanting of mantras at the temple at Ayodhya. Till Modi temple construction. “We want L $ ,' - . ple are aware that the state- until after the 2019 Lok Sabha the Modi Government returns Badey Bhaktmaal ki Bagia, is PM, and Yogi is Chief all MPs to be united and the ' , * ' ments he makes on a weekly election. to power or not. For some peo- Ramji Das said, “The date for Minister of UP, I am sure that Bill be passed with 2/3rd % % M % basis are “inconsistent with Seven Opposition parties ple, Ram Temple may be a construction of the Ram they will find a way out,” he majority,” the Swami said. ' () * facts”. led by the Congress had moved 'jumla' but for us it is a matter Temple will be declared in the said. The congregation was Prime Minister’s comment a notice for the impeachment of national pride,” he said with- 2019 Kumbh which will be held This sentiment was also amalgamation of sants, RSS, # % on the Ayodhya issue came at of then Chief Justice of India out taking name of Modi while in Prayagraj.” echoed by Swami VHP and BJP leaders. The # , 12 an election rally at Alwar, Dipak Misra in April this year, talking to reporters here on “It is only a matter of a few Rambhadracharya, who dis- sants took the lead while oth- " * Rajasthan, on a day when thou- accusing him of “misbehav- Sunday. days, and I request you all to closed, “I spoke to a senior ers followed. % " " &' 6, accounting for 40% of country’s Once a grant is given for mineral wealth. 7 film making in the state, fur- harkhand has one of the But the other aspects like & # ther films shot in Jharkhand Jmost progressive film policies hills, waterfalls, water dams, will get more incentives, Dr. in India, said Sunil Kumar forests, wildlife and religious Barnwal elaborated. Barnwal, Principal Secretary to places in Jharkhand which Replying to a question, the Chief Minister and Secretary, have rich potential are not yet % Secretary said that there are a Department of Information explored, the Secretary point- good number of local artists and Public Relations, ed out, according to a PIB available in Jharkhand who Government of Jharkhand. release. can rise to national level if With the new film policy “The State has 30% of geo- % 8 given a chance. unveiled in 2015, the State is graphical area covered by dense Many great filmmakers witnessing a rush of film mak- forests. There are many scenic including Satyajit Ray used to ers from all over India, espe- water falls ranging from 2 capture Jharkhand on celluloid cially regional languages, he metres to several feet high,” he multiple times in the past.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Compounding Injustice: India
    INDIA 350 Fifth Ave 34 th Floor New York, N.Y. 10118-3299 http://www.hrw.org (212) 290-4700 Vol. 15, No. 3 (C) – July 2003 Afsara, a Muslim woman in her forties, clutches a photo of family members killed in the February-March 2002 communal violence in Gujarat. Five of her close family members were murdered, including her daughter. Afsara’s two remaining children survived but suffered serious burn injuries. Afsara filed a complaint with the police but believes that the police released those that she identified, along with many others. Like thousands of others in Gujarat she has little faith in getting justice and has few resources with which to rebuild her life. ©2003 Smita Narula/Human Rights Watch COMPOUNDING INJUSTICE: THE GOVERNMENT’S FAILURE TO REDRESS MASSACRES IN GUJARAT 1630 Connecticut Ave, N.W., Suite 500 2nd Floor, 2-12 Pentonville Road 15 Rue Van Campenhout Washington, DC 20009 London N1 9HF, UK 1000 Brussels, Belgium TEL (202) 612-4321 TEL: (44 20) 7713 1995 TEL (32 2) 732-2009 FAX (202) 612-4333 FAX: (44 20) 7713 1800 FAX (32 2) 732-0471 E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] July 2003 Vol. 15, No. 3 (C) COMPOUNDING INJUSTICE: The Government's Failure to Redress Massacres in Gujarat Table of Contents I. Summary............................................................................................................................................................. 4 Impunity for Attacks Against Muslims...............................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Ayodhya Verdict - UPSC Notes Context
    Ayodhya Verdict - UPSC Notes Context The Supreme Court delivered a landmark judgment in the Ayodhya land dispute case. The five-judge Supreme Court bench led by Chief Justice Ranjan Gogoi read out a unanimous judgment and ruled in favour of the Ram Janmabhoomi and said there will be a Ram Mandir at the disputed site and Muslims will be given an alternate 5 acre land for their mosque. What is the crux of the dispute? At the crux of the matter is the belief among sections of Hindus that the Babri Masjid, named after Mughal emperor Babur, was built in Ayodhya after destroying a Ram Temple that marked the birthplace of the deity. The Hindu parties wanted the land to themselves, contending that Lord Ram was born at a spot on which later the central dome of the mosque was built. The Muslim parties, however, contended that the mosque was constructed in 1528 by Mir Baqi, a commander of Babur’s army, without demolishing any place of worship and since the land rights had not been transferred to any other party, the space was rightfully theirs. Chronology of the Ayodhya dispute 1528: First Mughal Emperor Babar is believed to have constructed Babri Masjid. The three-domed mosque built by Mir Baqi, commander of Mughal emperor Babur, in 1528 is in the Jaunpuri style. 1885: Mahant Raghbir Das moves Faizabad court seeking permission to construct a temple in the vicinity of the Babri Masjid. The plea is declined. 1949: Idols of Lord Ram were mysteriously found inside the mosque. The Muslim side claimed it was the handiwork of the Hindus, while the Hindus wanted to worship the idol.
    [Show full text]
  • First Report
    .• IINISTRY OF Vb.BAN AFFAIRS AND EMPLOYMENT (DEPARTMENT OF URBAN DEVELOPMENT) DEMANDS FOR GRANTS-1998-99 FIRST REPORT LOKSABHASECRETARIAT NEW DELHI July, 1998/Asadlla, 1920 (Saka) FIRST REPORT STANDING COMMITTEE ON URBAN AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT (1998-99) (TWELFTH LOK SABHA) MINISTRY OF URBAN AFFAIRS & EMPLOYMENT (DEPARlMENT OF URBAN DEVELOPMENT) DEMANDS FOR GRANTS-1998-99 Presented to Lok Sabha 011 7tl2 July, 1998 Laid in RJljya Sablta on 7tlt July, 1998 LOK SABHA SECRETARIAT NEW DELHI July, 1998/AsadI7a, 1920 (Sam) C.U. " R.P. No. Oso Price : Rs. 24.00 "II\! • ",,,..\ j /1 CfC1 ~3S-{{J L .; ~ ••• of .,... .. ....... Lc j~8· .3 t 5, R, tJ~~/' S- .../ (0 1998 By LoK SABHA SECRETARIAT Published under Rule 382 of the Rules of Procedure and Conduct of Business in Lok Sabha (Ninth Edition) and Printed by Shree Enterprises, Delhi. Standing CO.littee on Urban' Rural OeveloPlent (1998-99 ) Corrigenda to the 1st Report (12th lok Sabha) eag~_---lin~ ___________ -1QL__ RC!g ~Q.!. ~ ... 40 '5th frol top Raft draft 40 10' 11 fro. top ~llli 43 ~Wt.c Page No. 43 CONTENTS PAGE COMJ"OSmON OF THE COMMnTEE .............................................................. (iii) ACRONYMS.................................................................................................... (V) INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................. (vii) REJ'ORT CHAPTER I Introductory .................................................................. .. 1 CHAPTER II Analysis of Demands for the year 1998-99 .........
    [Show full text]
  • TIF - the Ayodhya Verdict Dissected
    TIF - The Ayodhya Verdict Dissected SAIF AHMAD KHAN February 7, 2020 A view of the Babri Masjid overlooking the banks of the Sarayu as viewed in a late 18th century painting by William Hodges | Wikimedia A close analysis of the Supreme Court's final judgement on the Ayodhya dispute that has been criticised as much as it has been praised for how it has brought about closure The Supreme Court on 12 December 2019 dismissed the 18 review petitions which had been filed in response to its Ayodhya verdict. Although the Ayodhya title dispute lasted for over a century, the apex court acted in the swiftest possible manner while disposing of the review pleas. It did not “find any ground whatsoever” to entertain the review petitions after having “carefully gone through” the attached papers that had been submitted. Despite the Court’s benevolent view of its judgement, the truth is that the verdict pronounced by the five-judge bench on November 9 was full of contradictions. To put it plainly: the Supreme Court chose to bow down before the forces of majoritarian thuggery and extremism. Logic and law were conveniently set aside by the top court to appease a certain radical section of the society. Attempt to pacify the Muslim litigants To do complete justice in the Ayodhya dispute, the Supreme Court invoked Article 142 of the Indian Constitution. Technically speaking, Article 142 can be employed in cases of second appeal. The Ayodhya title dispute wasn’t heard at the level of a district court. It came directly for hearing before the Allahabad High Court.
    [Show full text]
  • Sadhus in Democratic Politics in Late 20 Th Century India
    "WHEN THE SAINTS GO MARCHING IN" Sadhus in Democratic Politics in Late 20 th Century India MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE by OF TECHNOLOGY JUL 1 6 2009 Rajesh Pradhan S.M.Arch.S. Architecture & M.C.P. City Planning LIBRARIES Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1989 SUBMITTED TO THE DEPARTMENT OF POLITICAL SCIENCE IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN POLITICAL SCIENCE AT THE MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY FEBRUARY 2009 ©2009 Rajesh Pradhan. All rights reserved. The author hereby grants to MIT permission to reproduce and to distribute publicly paper and electronic copies of this thesis document in whole or in part in any medium now known or hereafter created. ARCHNES Signature of Author: SDep ment of Political Science / ,,ebTer 21, 2008 Certified by: .................... ........ .................. Melissa Nobles Associate Irofessor of Political Science Thesis Supervisor Accepted by:.. ..................................... Roger Petersen Associate Professor of Political Science Chair, Graduate Program Committee "WHEN THE SAINTS GO MARCHING IN" Sadhus in Democratic Politics in Late 20 th Century India by Rajesh Pradhan Submitted to the Department of Political Science on October 21, 2008 in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Political Science Supervised by Melissa Nobles, Associate Professor of Political Science ABSTRACT This empirical study examines the political significance of religious leaders-known commonly as sadhus-in a huge and mature democracy like India. During the late '80s and the '90s, a flurry of sadhu activism coincided with the dramatic rise of a previously insignificant political party, the Bhartiya JanataParty (BJP). As a conservative Hindu nationalist party, the BJP allied with many sadhus, came to power at the center and in many states, breaking the monopoly that the relatively secular Congress party had held for more than four decades.
    [Show full text]
  • SEPTEMBER 2020 1.An Expert Explains: What's At
    1 SEPTEMBER 2020 1.An Expert Explains: What’s at stake in the US elections on November 3? 2. Explained: How proctoring keeps a tab on candidates taking online exams 3.Explained: Who is Yatin Oza, and why has the Gujarat High Court held him in contempt? 4. Explained Ideas: A Permission Raj looms over public protests. 5.Manipulation of Television Rating Points: How TRPs work, the scam. 6.Explained: Why does World No. 1 Novak Djokovic want line-umpires to be replaced by technology? 7.Explained: The experimental cocktail President Trump is taking for Covid- 19. 8. Explained Ideas: Why judiciary must intervene in the Hathras case. CLATUTOR SEPTEMBER 2020 2 9. Explained | Azerbaijan vs Armenia: An old regional conflict, and interested neighbours. 10. Explained: What are defence offsets? Here’ everything you need to know. 11. Drugs case: When does an statement by an accused become admissible in a trial? 12. Babri Masjid conspiracy case: How the demolition trial progressed over the years. 13. Explained: What is the role of the Artillery in the Indian Army? 14. Explained Ideas: Why farmers are unwilling to trust the central government’s farm reforms. 15. Retrospective taxation: the Vodafone case, and the Hague court ruling. 16. Redefining essential items: Why it was needed, and who it will impact. CLATUTOR SEPTEMBER 2020 3 17. Delhi journalist arrested under Official Secrets Act: What is this anti- spying law? 18. Eplained: What discovery of phosphine gas in the atmosphere of Venus means. 19. Explained: Why China harvests India data, why track public figures 20. An Expert Explains: In India-China border row, the state of play in Ladakh.
    [Show full text]
  • Uttar Pradesh State Road Transport Corporation Parivahan Bhavan, Tehri Kothi 6 M.G Marg, Lucknow 226001 Website
    2021 SELECTION OF A SYSTEM INTEGRATOR FOR IMPLEMENTATION OF “IoT BASED INTEGRATED BUS TICKETING SYSTEM” MOBILE ONLINE APPS FOR RESERVATION PASSENGERS SYSTEM EMV OVER THE COMPLIANT COUNTER FAST INSTANT CHARGING SMART E-TICKETING CARDS FOR MACHINES PASSENGERS Downloaded from www.upsrtc.com COMMAND qSPARC/RuPay CONTROL NCMC CARDS CENTRE(CCC) RFP DOCUMENT Uttar Pradesh State Road Transport Corporation Parivahan Bhavan, Tehri Kothi 6 M.G Marg, Lucknow 226001 website: www.upsrtc.com Downloaded from www.upsrtc.com Page | 1 REQUEST FOR PROPOSAL (RFP) For Selection of a System Integrator for Implementation of “IoT Based Integrated Bus Ticketing System at UPSRTC” Key events 1 Date of issuance 26.02.2021 2 Last date for receiving pre-bid queries 13.03.2021 up to 12:00 hrs 3 Pre-bid conference details 15.03.2021 From 11:00 AM at UPSRTC HQ , Parivahan Bhawan, 6 MG Marg Lucknow 226001 4 Date for response to pre-bid queries To be notified on https://etender.up.nic.in & www.upsrtc.com 5 Last date for preparation of bids To be notified later through above websites 6 Last date of submissionDownloaded of bids As above from 7 Opening of Pre-qualification bids and As above technical bids www.upsrtc.com 8 Opening of commercial bids Will be communicated later Uttar Pradesh State Road Transport Corporation (UPSRTC) Parivahan Bhavan, Tehri Kothi, 6 M.G. Marg, Lucnow-226001 Tender/UPSRTC/IT/ETIM/IoT/2021 Uttar Pradesh State Road Transport Corporation (UPSRTC) Table of Contents Contents Table of Contents .........................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Ayodhya Dispute: Mosque Or Temple
    Ayodhya Dispute: Mosque or Temple Why in news? The Supreme Court’s verdict in the Ram Janmabhoomi-Babri Masjid dispute is expected soon. What is the brief history of the Ayodhya dispute? The Ayodhya dispute is a political, historical and socio-religious debate in India, centred on a plot of land in the city of Ayodhya, located in Faizabad district, Uttar Pradesh. The issues revolve around the control of a site traditionally regarded among Hindus to be the birthplace of the Hindu deity Rama, the history and location of the Babri Masjid at the site, and whether a previous Hindu temple was demolished to create the mosque. In 1885, Mahant Raghubar Das had filed a suit seeking permission to build a temple in the Ram Chabutara area. Mohammad Ashgar, who claimed to be the Mutawali of the Babri mosque, opposed the suit. While he did object to demarcation of the land by a few inches, he did not raise substantial objections. The suit was dismissed; the court was of the opinion that granting permission to build a temple would amount to laying the foundation of a riot between the two communities. The Babri Masjid was destroyed during a political rally which turned into a riot on 6 December 1992. A subsequent land title case was lodged in the Allahabad High Court, the verdict of which was pronounced on 30 September 2010. In the judgment, the three judges of the Allahabad High Court ruled that the 2.77 acres (1.12 ha) of Ayodhya land be divided into three parts, 1.
    [Show full text]
  • Right I Have Given You One Minute Time and You Have Taken That
    463 Matters under Rule 377 MAY 13, 1997 Matters under Rule 377 464 MR. CHAIRMAN : All right I have given you one minute There is no sugar mill in Pratapgarh district due to which time and you have taken that time. the farmers are in a miserable condition. The people of this region have been demanding since long to set up a sugar .... (Interruptions) mill there but the Government are not paying due attention to their legitimate demand. MR. CHAIRMAN : Your points have been recorded. ....(Interruptions) I therefore, urge upon the Union Government to issue licences for setting up of sugar mills in my parliamentary [English] constituency, Machhalisahar so that economic exploitation of sugarcane growers could be stopped. MR. CHAIRMAN : Shri Fatmi please take your seat. (ii) Need to raise strength of Ladakh Scouts and .... (Interruptions) give it the status of a Regiment [Translation] [English] SHRI NITISH KUMAR : Mr. Chairman, Sir, 450 SHRI P. NANGYAL (Ladakh) : The Ladakh Scouts Muslims have been killed. ...(Interruptions) None has been which is considered to be the “eyes and ears” of the Indian provided with compensation. 11 Muslims have been killed Army, had been serving the nation ever since its inception, yesterday .... (Interruptions). Two Muslim women have under most inhospitable high altitude and arctic weather been raped .... (Interruptions). In total 450 Muslims have condtions with zeal and dedication. Not only this unit been killed .....(Interruptions) served the nation by guarding the high altitude and SHRI MOHAMMAD ALI ASHRAF FATMI : Mr. inhospitable borders but has also helped directly or indirectly Chairman, Sir, we are making only this point ..
    [Show full text]
  • Rules of Communication for Ayodhya Verdict
    Rules Of Communication For Ayodhya Verdict When Thomas ropes his churches syphon not credibly enough, is Vladimir brunet? Lactating or stalwart, Ingemar never horseshoeing any stablemate! Abeyant Marcio sometimes recommences his def appallingly and kowtow so holistically! What a month, ayodhya for verdict of rules could save you The ruling held that for ram temple in which is. Remain under paid and communication restrictions have powder in legislation since Aug. Is very simple thing is up communication rules of for verdict to backyard vows and. Kathua and parts of other states. 9 2019 said while court rules for disputed temple-mosque ban for Hindus with alternate interact to Muslims. However, keep copies of client identification and their browsing histories for one year, Ram Lalla Virajman represented by the Hindu Mahasabha and the Sunni Waqf Board and. Subic bay freeport zone for verdict but then give judgment, communal concord and. The ayodhya for us and many indian society, or any such as an epitome of. Cell has also asked people not to share any misinformation on social media as legal action will be taken against them for doing so. Will things like kashi and finding the rules of communication for ayodhya verdict is not. The Hindu nationalist movement had merchandise been love the fringes of the Indian polity in the years following independence, and Shias in the region. Social media platforms, of rules would appear to argue that? Ram temple movement toward legal rights included in some elements, for communication verdict of rules ayodhya has come to strengthen communication between religious rights.
    [Show full text]
  • Here. the Police Stopped Them at the Gate
    [This article was originally published in serialized form on The Wall Street Journal’s India Real Time from Dec. 3 to Dec. 8, 2012.] Our story begins in 1949, two years after India became an independent nation following centuries of rule by Mughal emperors and then the British. What happened back then in the dead of night in a mosque in a northern Indian town came to define the new nation, and continues to shape the world’s largest democracy today. The legal and political drama that ensued, spanning six decades, has loomed large in the terms of five prime ministers. It has made and broken political careers, exposed the limits of the law in grappling with matters of faith, and led to violence that killed thousands. And, 20 years ago this week, Ayodhya was the scene of one of the worst incidents of inter-religious brutality in India’s history. On a spiritual level, it is a tale of efforts to define the divine in human terms. Ultimately, it poses for every Indian a question that still lingers as the country aspires to a new role as an international economic power: Are we a Hindu nation, or a nation of many equal religions? 1 CHAPTER ONE: Copyright: The British Library Board Details of an 18th century painting of Ayodhya. The Sarayu river winds its way from the Nepalese border across the plains of north India. Not long before its churning gray waters meet the mighty Ganga, it flows past the town of Ayodhya. In 1949, as it is today, Ayodhya was a quiet town of temples, narrow byways, wandering cows and the ancient, mossy walls of ashrams and shrines.
    [Show full text]
  • Occasional Paper No. 159 ARCHAEOLOGY AS EVIDENCE: LOOKING BACK from the AYODHYA DEBATE TAPATI GUHA-THAKURTA CENTRE for STUDIES I
    Occasional Paper No. 159 ARCHAEOLOGY AS EVIDENCE: LOOKING BACK FROM THE AYODHYA DEBATE TAPATI GUHA-THAKURTA CENTRE FOR STUDIES IN SOCIAL SCIENCES, CALCUTTA EH £>2&3 Occasional Paper No. 159 ARCHAEOLOGY AS EVIDENCE: LOOKING BACK FROM THE AYODHYA DEBATE j ; vmm 12 AOS 1097 TAPATI GUHA-THAKURTA APRIL 1997 CENTRE FOR STUDIES IN SOCIAL SCIENCES, CALCUTTA 10 Lake Terrace, Calcutta 700 029 1 ARCHAEOLOGY AS EVIDENCE: LOOKING BACK FROM THE AYODHYA DEBATE Tapati Guha-Thakurta Archaeology in India hit the headlines with the Ayodhya controversy: no other discipline stands as centrally implicated in the crisis that has racked this temple town, and with it, the whole nation. The Ramjanmabhoomi movement, as we know, gained its entire logic and momentum from the claims to the prior existence of a Hindu temple at the precise site of the 16th century mosque that was erected by Babar. Myth and legend, faith and belief acquired the armour of historicity in ways that could present a series of conjectures as undisputed facts. So, the 'certainty' of present-day Ayodhya as the historical birthplace of Lord Rama passes into the 'certainty' of the presence of an lOth/llth century Vaishnava temple commemorating the birthplace site, both these in turn building up to the 'hard fact' of the demolition of this temple in the 16th century to make way for the Babri Masjid. Such invocation of'facts' made it imperative for a camp of left/liberal/secular historians to attack these certainties, to riddle them with doubts and counter-facts. What this has involved is a righteous recuperation of the fields of history and archaeology from their political misuse.
    [Show full text]