AJR Information Volume XLIX No. 11 November 1994 £3 (to non-members)

Don't miss... An awesome - and awful - anniversary At the cutting edge p.2 Poetry Day Shadow of November Days special p.4 DifTicult o time of the year brings so many anniver­ a turning point in German history when - in a clas­ dialogue p. 16 saries in its train as early November. The sic phrase - history refused to turn. From 1871 N seventh commemorates the Russian Revolu­ onwards, the country had inexplicably grown into Two elections tion, the ninth the Abdication of the Kaiser, the Europe's industrial and military powerhouse. If any he German tenth Kristallnacht and the eleventh Armistice Day. one person incarnated that power and the warlike election Though each of these events merits the epithet his­ ambition it engendered it was the Kaiser. His abdica­ Tresults - toric, some are clearly more longlasting than others tion from the German throne therefore seemed to which showed in their effect. leave the path clear for peace and the advent of de­ Schonhuber's A good example of this hyped-up importance was mocracy. That deduction was wrong. What really ill-named November 7. The start of the Bolshevik Revolution happened was that der Kaiser ging und die Generale Republikaner polling below 2 was long presented by "converts" as a turning point blieben (The Emperor left and the generals stayed). A percent of the in human evolution. Their message found credence mere fourteen years after Wiihelm the Second's abdi­ total vote - are when Sidney and Beatrice Webb returned from Rus­ cation a super-Kaiser (aka Fiihrer) had ascended the a welcome sia in the early 1930s and said "We have seen the throne armed with powers and a will to war quite indication of the future, and it works". dwarfing that of the Hohenzollern. country's Now, barely five years after its demise. Commu­ November 11, Armistice Day? Another misnomer. commitment to nism is as extinct as the dodo, and its former Was this not the terminal day of "the war to end all democracy. In May we dubbed territory trails clouds of pollution and dereliction. wars"? Soon after that date the phrase only evoked Schonhuber, November 9 was another date made to carry un­ hollow laughter. Armistice Day should, by rights, Zhirinovski, Le due symbolic freight. This had to do with a have been called Temporary Truce Day, since what Pen and Fini the widespread misconception. November 9, 1918 was followed was a suspicion-laden suspension of hostili­ 4 Horsemen of ties lasting twenty years. the European And so on to November 10. Apocalypse. The Although it figures on fewer calendars than any of good news that the German the aforementioned anniversaries, it is a date that ech­ electorate has oes more loudly down the ages. Whosoever knows unhorsed anything at all about traditional Polish markets, Car­ Schonhuber is pathian inns, Budapest department stores, Berlin qualified by the lecture theatres, Prague newspaper offices and Vien­ bad news that nese coffee houses cannot but know that all is now many Austrian utterly different. voters hold Whoever crosses the continental landmass from Haider's stirrups. France to Russia and from the Balkans to Scandinavia Fortunately, traverses a landscape from which Jews are virtually thanks to absent. Their yawning absence represents a decline of demographic both numbers and vital substance from millions to a factors, Austria handful, which decline is, furthermore, irreversible. is hardly in a This is the "empty quarter" of Europe, a continent position to entice which from classical times till our own childhood rep­ Anschluss- resented all that was most forward-looking on Earth. minded Germans by rephrasing Crystal Night spelt finis to two millennia of civiUsa- the 1938 Nazi tion. It was the widely disregarded precursor to a loss slogan to read that will never be made good; that is why of all the Heim ins red-letter days of November, it is the tenth which (Oster) Reich.C: The Berlin synagogue in Fasanenstrasse after "Kristallnacht". throws the darkest shadow. D AJR INFORMATION NOVEMBER 1994

Farschriben

As a contribution to the Yiddish revival we are reprinting an anecdote from Roite search chemist and her mother a painter. Pomeranzen (Editor Immanuel Olsvanger, They left Germany for Palestine in 1933. Schocken Verlag, Berlin 1935). In 1937 Annely came to London to visit friends. "I liked it, so I stayed", she now jn schejnem tvintertog is arajn in an says. Initially finding work as a domestic, achssanje (inn) a id in a fajnem she later drove a WVS canteen wagon. In £ fukssenem pelz, un hot sach 1939 she met and married Paul Juda. He aivekgesezt neben a tischel un hot sich was linked to organisations working for gehejssen darlangen zum essen. Er hot German restitution and post-war she re­ gegessen mi kol tuiv (of all good things) luctantly followed him back to Germany. un getrunken a glesele ivajn ejch. However, this did not work out too well Opgegessen, ruft er zu di balabosste and the couple divorced in 1955. Annely (landlady) un sogt ir: "Macht mir dem returned to Britain where she took a posi­ cheschben (bill) un farschrajbt sich (chalk tion in the URO offices. it up), ivorem ich hob ba sich kejn gelt In the evenings, she attended night nit; ich tvel kumen dem ander moi, tvel classes at the Reimann School of Art. In ich ajch bazolen." Tracht sich di 1958 she went to work for Erich Estorick Annely Juda balabosste: tvoss sol si do ton? A fremder Photo: Newman - a well known art collector - as secre­ id: nit si ken em, nit si tvejss em! Glat asej he Annely Juda gallery in Dering tary and gallery assistant. Soon trauen hot si nit gewelt, un farlangen a Street looks much like any other: afterwards she joined the Kaplan Gallery. maschken (pledge) hot ir nit gepasst. Sogt Twide empty spaces and broad white A year later she met Mrs Stern. This si: "Ganz fajn! Nor kejn bicher fir ich nit; walls. Walking around the sunlit rooms of proved to be somewhat of a turning ivel ich farschrajben ajer nomen mit'n this fourth floor art-house one can see in point. Mrs Stern wanted to open a gallery, cheschben af der ivant." Sogt der id: the mind's eye the cultured coterie, sip­ but needed a partner. Annely fitted the " Woss hejsst? af der ivant? jederer wet ping modest wines and admiring the bill. In 1960 the Molton Gallery opened arajngejn un lejenen (read), wel ich doch works of Annely Juda's stable of well- on South Molton Street. Although this farschemen majn nomen!" macht di known artists, which includes such names venture did not prove successful in itself, idene: "Nu, ejber as (if) ess passt ajch nit, as Tony Caro, Alan Green and Michael it showed that Annely Juda could "deliver kent ir farhengen dem cheschben mit'n Edes. It all seems so sophisticated. And the goods". She was approached by pelz!"U then one looks up and sees the massive American investors who wanted her to industrial hoist poised above the gallery- open and run a gallery for them. She wide skylight gently lowering a huge, agreed and the very successful Hamilton J I I I I I I I LJ I I I I I ITTTTm rough wooden crate which contains a Gallery came into being in 1963. It stayed ff °B stuffed reindeer. Seconds later, two burly in business until 1967 and many of the D The New and Improved D men begin unloading broken refrigerators artists whom she first met then are still and obsolete cookers from the lift to the with her. § BAZAAR '94 | polished wooden floors. These are part of In 1967, the "Summer of Love", P at Belsize Square Synagogue P an exhibition of the sculptures of Gloria Annely Juda opened her first independent • 51 Belsize Square, London NW3 • Friedmann. gallery to bear the name Annely Juda Fine n D Annely Juda, the gallery's founder- Art in Tottenham Mews. Her son David, • - Better Quality - New Ranges - • owner, turned 80 in September. Her close who had been in the Merchant Navy, D - Events - D connections with those at the cutting edge joined her in 1968. They have worked to­ Q including the wholly new Q of artistic innovation and deep under­ gether since then to build up a very standing of modern art - from brick successful international establishment. B AUCTION OF B piles to dead sheep in formaldehyde - Their work takes them around the world B PROMISES B ensure that the words "...but I know what from New York to Tokyo. Last year, at a I like!" never cross her lips. One could specially arranged reception, Annely Juda n n sense her amusement as she showed off was awarded the City of Cologne Art H (Saturday, 8.00pm - by reservation) H another of the exhibits from her forth­ Prize for services to art, after which Ger­ n Saturday 10 December 5 - 8pm D coming show: slices of tomato between man TV made a documentary about her. • Sunday 11 December 10 - 6pm • two sheets of glass. It must have been ob­ Five years ago, on the occasion of her P Lunch 12 - 3pm j=j vious that the deep meanings and 75th birthday. The Guardian newspaper D Afternoon tea - with live music D implications of work of this stature were ran a special profile of this remarkable B Children's amusements - B flying high above my head. She didn't ac­ woman. AJR Information does not share P - Bargains - Fun - D tually call me a philistine, but if she had the newspaper's circulation, but this year D Entrance Fee D she would probably have been right. we have pipped the national dailies at the B il adults, sop children B Now one of the best known figures on post. The race for the privilege of printing D All Welcome n the London "gallery scene", Annely Juda Annely Juda's 85th birthday profile is P D came from Kassel. Her father was a re­ now on! DM.N. LXJ I I n I I I nTT~~~"~~~~~—TTTTTTTTTD~ AJR INFORMATION NOVEMBER 1994

could remember that there are 18th cen­ Home from home England my England tury Steiner graves, if not earlier, in have always thought that, if the story Kittsee. But I feel I cannot compete with have recently been fortunate to visit of one of our fellow refugees finding my in-laws, who farmed - not as landed my sister at the WIZO Parents' Home I himself in England after more than fifty gentry but as tenants of an Oxford college I in Tel Aviv. I was so impressed with years and still without any friendship or - in the same Warwickshire village for what I saw and experienced that I feel I social contacts is true, then it is very sad. some 300 years. want to share it with our readers. This thought suddenly surfaced again as, The joke is that they knew quite a bit of The home is purpose-built, light and earlier this month, I emerged from a fam­ their earlier family history before they ar­ bright, efficiently run by management and ily funeral in rural Warwickshire. rived as refugees from 1660s London - a committee of residents. The very ill and Shakespeare would have known that cem­ from the Great Fire or the Plague; they mentally deficient have their own lounge, etery, as it lies within an estate where he also knew of their ancestors' existence as away from the entrance, and some have is rumoured to have poached, and to have silk merchants in the City of London as their own private carers there. had trouble with the local squire. well as farmers in Essex, and so on, back The staff, including cleaners and Of course, by the time "our Will" tan­ to The Staple when Calais was still in kitchen help, are friendly and caring, the gled with Sir Thomas Lucy, that family English hands. However, even with that food is very good and well presented. If had been there for over three hundred continuity, one can still be upstaged by the residents have guests for meals they are years - and they are still there. For all more deeply rooted country folk. given a separate table. For a small dinner that Charlcote Park has belonged to the When I discussed these family matters party they can have a separate room. National Trust for nearly fifty years, with the very old lady mentioned above, a The bedrooms are on the small side, but members of the original family still live few months ago, she chided me gently well fitted with their own shower, toilet there, after 750 years, as tenants. that Rosemary's family - into which and basin; as well as a kitchenette with small fridge and sink. All cooking utensils As I went on philosophising to myself, I she, too, had married - were really new­ have to be fitted with safety cut-offs. The also reflected that in this crowded island, comers compared with her own, whose entertainment side is organised on the there is still such a thing as rural England records could be traced nearly as far back lines of the AJR Day Centre, with out­ and it still displays examples of extraordi­ as those of the aristocratic Lucys of ings, concerts, lectures, and sometimes a nary continuity. Of course, the difference Charlecote Park - their original 14th dress shop will take over the reception between town and country in culture and century holding being identified in the rooms, so that residents can look at habits has largely disappeared and the ag­ Domesday Book. clothes, try them and buy them there and ricultural population is down to below I still feel in many ways an unrepentant then. It saves them going out shopping, 4%, so that even the Archers are no Mittel-European. But perhaps when I which is difficult for some. There is al­ longer described by the BBC as "country eventually join my wife (and her parents) ways something going on in the evenings folk". But the relatively few farmers who in a tiny village cemetery, some 400 yards for those who like to be sociable or enter­ survive as such are still a little distinctive from the farmhouse in which she grew up, tained. - and they intermarry. If I think I know I shall - if conscious of anything - feel that set and ambience better than many of that I, too, have come home. The home is in a very good position, my fellow-refugees, it is only because I OFrancis Steiner near buses, shops, a museum with concert have married into the tribe. hall next door, a hospital opposite, the Hence the reference to a family funeral Goethe Institute a minute's walk, yet it is at Charlecote, the aunt in question being set back from the road, with gardens and an aunt by marriage. I have never. Heaven terraces, and not too noisy. knows, masqueraded as an Englishman, I have visited homes for old people in born under the briar patch, but I have South Africa, England, Germany and else­ never been made to feel an outsider. A son where in Israel, but never have I of the departed. Cousin John, is the arche­ experienced such a 'home from home'. typal John Bull figure, not only in looks DM.H. but also in occupation and demeanour. Yet even here, there are foreign contacts; Israel's Finest Wines two of the brothers farm, but the third, a civil engineer, served a training period on from the Jd JACKMAN • the Yugoslav Danube some thirty years ago. Since then his mother has produced Golan Heights **- SILVERMAN COMMERCIAL PROPERTY CONSULTANTS the most excellent Gefuellte Paprika and Yarden, Golan & Gamla other Central European dishes. Perhaps a sense of history helps in un­ Write, phone or fax derstanding people who can think that far for full information back. Perhaps the fact that my Benedic­ tine-run Viennese secondary school House of Hallgarten Schottengymnasium could look back on Dallow Road, Luton LU1 1UR nearly 750 years of history by the time I Tel: 0582 22538 26 Conduit Street, London WIR 9TA got there, may make "acculturation" Fax: 0582 23240 Telephone: 071 409 0771 Fax: 071 493 8017 easier. And if it was not for the school, I AJR INFORMATION NOVEMBER 1994

Reviews National Poetry Day Special Sometimes she employs a direct, plain- imagination and thus diminishes the im­ spoken style, as in the poem Two Great pact of her message. Her political poems Aunts: are particularly wordy. he success and popularity of Aunt B., the younger ofthe two. From Vacuum page 63 National Poetry Day in October Was housekeeper and cook The Jewish seed of identification Thas encouraged us to publish a And trotted to the market retained throughout acclimatisation number of poetry reviews by Jill Bamber Quite early in the day. to flower in later years; whose own poems have been very well re­ She was a match for any rogue passing political ideology ceived by AJR Information readers. And Quick-tongued in the fray and the frustration, fears Compare this with the fine writing in of disillusionment. Shaping experience Ageing Female Faust: Culminating in Aliyah Lotte Kramer EARTHQUAKE Rockingham Press Mephisto is still patient; - "the Return". £5.95 Knowing she cannot escape him When she remains purely descriptive her his is a long book...seventy-six He permits her limbs' agility language comes alive, as in An Early poems...and I can only hope to In candelabra of movements. Morning, page 47. Tconvey something of their quality. Towards the end-stop a sudden energetic Both these narrative poems read quite To quote Richard Ellman, "Lotte truly drive differently, but neither, in my opinion, shapes again the experiences which have seems to enforce itself into the passengers show Lotte Kramer's work at its best. I shaped her". There are fewer poems pulling them into the morning would like to end with a quote from Cele­ about the Holocaust, as she is moving to­ the day dawning toward duty and activ­ bration, which is breathtaking in its wards a new stage in the process of ity. grieving. Post-War takes us through that simplicity of form: To celebrate the house I think it a pity she has not given her period in her own life in a long poem. They built the roof book a title, other than the dates, missing There are abundant memoirs of that time the opportunity to open the first door for which will speak vividly to those who And with the roof's completion her readers. also lived through it, just after the War, in Came the child I enjoyed the two short prose pieces at England. the end; Jerusalem at a Glance and Rosh And in her hands she held And fuel Ha Shana September 1993 and felt that The sapling tree was in short supply, when we were visited prose is a more suitable vehicle for her Friends brought their rations as a gift. The tree with coloured ribbons preoccupations. It is to be hoped that In the last section she writes of receiving In the wind writing this book may have brought her heirloom jewellery that has somehow Such incandescent writing goes with some peace and that her readers may also found its way to her out of Nazi Ger­ quiet penetration, and observation, so find it helpful in coming to terms with the many. that readers may be changed in the way past. D It crouched inside my palm as family they see the world. I can pay her no Survivor. higher compliment. • The line-break here is used to great effect. AUSTRIAN and GERMAN Always politically aware, she writes of PENSIONS the collapse of the Berlin Wall; Immi­ Struggling with a grants hints at the fear of what may slip across the border between Poland and compulsion PROPERTY RESTITUTION Germany. Stefl7 Sc/iworcz-6/rnboum, POEMS 1989 - CLAIMS The wolves slink into forests in the dark 1993, Alpha Press (unpriced) EAST GERMANY- BERLIN And bring a darker Russia in their veins Steffi Schwarcz-Birnbaum came to Eng­ I particularly liked the atmosphere she land with a Kindertransport, but made On Instructions our office will conjures in Wind and Granada. aliyah in 1963. Her writing is motivated assist to deal with your First she paints for us the landscape: by the Holocaust and the loss of her par­ applications and pursue the Language of olive trees ents, to whom the book is dedicated. matter with the authorities. Silent in the wind I would describe most of her work as a From the Sierra Nevada series of "prose-poems", incantatory and For further information and and in the second part, 1492-1992 she full of information. She leaves nothing appointment please draws on the tragic history of the Spanish out and makes little use of form, metre or contact: Jews, in that place, at the time of the In­ metaphor. The sheer weight of words is quisition. overwhelming and her publisher has Who remembers our expulsion crowded the book, sometimes leaving un­ ICS CLAIMS From that apricot land? corrected syntax and even spelling 146-154 Kilburn High Road Who remembers our flames mistakes. I sense a poet who is struggling London NW6 4JD at the stake... with a compulsion to impart knowledge Tel: 071-328 7251 (Ext. 107) We are movingly invited by the title to and to convince the reader of her view­ Fax: 071-624 5002 compare it with more recent history. point, but she leaves little to the AJR INFORMATION NOVEMBER 1994

Poetry fronn homesickness Speaking across a gap Cusanus-Hertz Gymnasium. This took place in the presence of an editor of the Lotte KramerJHE DESECRATION OF TREES, s it Heimat, the place where a sensitive General-Anzeiger, the city's daily news­ Hippopotamus Press period of one's youth was spent, or is paper which, while local, reflects Bonn's otte Kramer was a child refugee I it the hub of a land of horror which the status. Also present was an observer from from Nazi Germany and is probably surviving victims should forever shun? the American Embassy (a pretty Jewish L best known for poetry about her ex­ These questions sum up the feelings of girl with whom we became friendly). Our periences. In this, her third book, she anybody who attends a reunion in Ger­ discussions and question-and-answer ses­ widens her scope to include history from many. sions were recorded and when, exhausted, classical times, Joan of Arc, the ancient The week-long hieetings in Bonn are we left the classroom a history master synagogue at Carpentras, artefacts stored unusual. While many German cities have begged us to give an extra "performance" in the basement of Peterborough Mu­ arranged similar reunions once, Bonn has, for his class as a valuable history lesson. seum, where she works, and the things in so far, held fifteen annual get-togethers After a hasty cup of coffee we agreed. her own house, from an ivory paper-knife and plans to continue doing so. Local au­ to her own beloved books. thorities throughout the Bundesrepublik Fighting talk The title poem. Desecration of Trees is complain of near-bankruptcy; Bonn per­ There were consequences. I all but lost a good example of how she builds bridges sists with its arrangements. First comers my voice, and our "fighting talk" ap­ from the past to her own life now and are totally paid for; others pay for food peared in the next morning's paper, quite wonders how to prepare the children to and accommodation. Each year the prominently. My most controversial re­ face the horror of swastikas on trees. I Mayor welcomes Die Ehemaligen, short mark made up the headline. In answer to wish she had not used it as the title of the for ehemalige jiidische Mitbiirger (former a girl who wanted to know whether we book, however, as her work is far more Jewish fellow citizens) in the old town had in those days "spoken Jewish" I said positive than it suggests. It also led me to hall before he invites them to lunch. that we had felt, and been, entirely Ger­ expect "Green" issues and the destruction That, slightly humorous, German ab­ man until rebuffed by our former friends. of the environment. breviation has been criticised as This is, of course, true so far as the Ger­ I feel that her poetry springs from disparaging, not by the Ehemaligen them­ man Jews were concerned, but it must be homesickness, "that permanent claw in selves, as far as I can make out, but, odd to hear this from someone who has the blood". In Non-immigrant she curiously, by some German sympathisers. to remember not to lapse into English. I movingly remembers her father, who Many of them return every year from the told the later history class that the one stayed in Germany although he had the four corners of the world, literally. thing they have to keep in mind, despite application forms on his desk. The meeting began in an evangelical the many crimes that uglify war and His daily walk was all he' d need church where a Catholic priest and a re­ peace at all times, the murder of a whole he thought. Abroad was where he' d been. tired Jewish cantor also officiated, and people is unique. She is torn and comforted by her two ended at the new simple and dignified A further consequence was the phone languages, her mother-tongue and Eng- synagogue, with so many Gentile guests calls from (Gentile) readers of the papers Jish, Myself I'm imsure in both. She is, in headgear that the cantor at one point who had been fellow pupils with me. A indeed, a fine wordsmith and can use doubted that there was a minyan. This terrible embarrassment, but I could not strict forms, as in Her Silence: was followed by a traditional dinner at remember those who called. One was a Her oval smile her knotted hair which many of the Christians joined en­ gynaecologist and another connected with her silence in that room's new light. thusiastically in the exuberant singing of the Israeli Embassy (on the German side). though in the Villanelle Far From Here I guests from the Israeli Embassy. We had coffee together later on - the felt the form limited the impact of the ter­ For many, on both sides, the zenith of doctor and his wife were charming peo­ ror. the meetings is the dialogue of the ple, we exchanged reminiscences - but to The book is in four sections: the first re­ Ehemaligen with school children of the this day I don't remember them from lates to childhood and to Germany; the days of yore. second consists of three longer poems CLUB 1943 To end on an odd note: we did not on about place and landscape. Black Forest, Anglo-German Cultural Forum that occasion talk about me and the woes Weissensee and Arran. I liked the stanza Meetings on Mondays at 8 p.m. of a Jew among the Nazis.... the doctor on rain: at the Communal Hall reminisced about how the "young Belsize Square Synagogue Rain initials this island SI Belsize Square, London NW3 bastards" had persecuted him. inch by inch. Nov. 7th. Hans Seelig, MA: Felix Mendelsohn- Continued p. 14 The third section ranges widely. Paint­ Bartholdy. A fashionable Romantic? ing Under the Bridge is wonderfully visual Nov. 14th. Prof. Stephen F Frowen: Subject to HILARY'S AGENCY be announced. Specialists in Long and Short-Term and painterly, using her knowledge of art, Live-in Care Nov. 21 St. Dr Gabi Rahaman: "I have seen how employing liquid words and drawing the antisemitism corrupts the German character." The RESPITE AND EMERGENCY CARE conclusions of history in the final verse. novelist Gabriele Reuter's perceptions of CARE FOR THE ELDERLY antisemitism in Bismark's Germany. HOUSEKEEPERS In the fourth section she concludes the RECUPERATION CARE book with translations from Rilke, on Nov. 28th. Mr Ernst Flesch: Indonesia MATERNITY NURSES (continued), Bali and Java (virith slides). whom she has lectured, Heinrich Heine NANNIES AND MOTHER'S HELPS Dec. Sth. Lesung (in German): Exil ohne Ende. EMERGENCY MOTHERS and Franz Werfel. Eine neue Anthologie des PEN Zentrum Caring and Experienced Staff Available I hope that this healing book will be deutschsprachiger Autoren in Ausland, We will be happy to discuss your requirements widely read. D herausgegeben von Fritz Beer und Uwe Westphal. PLEASE PHONE 081-559 1110 for data about all types of resistance. Grandchildren of those involved are now the first to show detachment and new in­ terest. A beginning appears in a permanent ex­ hibition opened in Berlin for the HIERARCHY OFVICTIMS? impossible. To add to this, the Germans remembrance of the attempt on Hitler's Sir - There were two interesting articles found extremely willing helpers in their life on 20 July, 1944. It surprises the visi­ in the August issue of AJR Information. quest wherever their advancing armies ar­ tor with its documentation and Both of them were legitimate, and it just rived: France, Poland, Ukraine... you photographs relating to a wide spread of so happens that Hierarchy of victims re­ name it. resistance by Germans who defied tyr­ ally cancels out Was the Shoah singular?. There were no difficulties in uniting in a anny by word or deed, who helped to I read the latter first and immediately felt common cause, and that cause was to save Jewish and other endangered lives, that it needed a reply. eliminate the Jews. To my knowledge, the who emigrated and protested openly, who Whilst I sympathise with Angela Armenians did not find themselves in refused to act against conscience, who se­ Aratoon, deploring the general lack of quite the same position if we must cretly kept contact preparing for a knowledge about the massacre and perse­ make comparisons. humane future. cution of the Armenians by the Turks, we It is a complete misconception that Jews Hard-pressed religious communities, must face the facts here. The stark reality deny others the right to their own bloody persecuted political groups and youth is that the Turkish massacre of the Arme­ past. It is not the fault of the Jews that clubs, independent individuals, all hostile nians - by virtue of its date - has Turkey does not acknowledge the Arme­ to the tyranny from early on, were later become part of history, and I have no nian genocide and censors all historical joined by officers and others revolted by doubt that the Holocaust will suffer the accounts. This is the fault of the Turks. the crimes and an already senseless war. same fate in time. However, just now it is There is no need to compete for owner­ Many additional facts and names remain still very much in the present, and I speak ship when it comes to massacres. One to be discovered and added to the exhibi­ as a survivor of Auschwitz and Belsen, man killed because of his colour, national­ tion which commemorates on a special whose parents were murdered somewhere ity or religion is a disgrace to the human stand the self-help of Jewish organisations in Poland. species. It is up to each and every one of and conspicuously cites the name of Leo One massacre does not excuse another. us - whatever "make" we happen to be Baeck. All of them are equally deplorable and I - to unite in our efforts to commemorate Alleyn Road Mr M L Meyer think we should dispense with any kind of the bloody past in whatever way we can, London SE21 competition here. Maybe the Armenian and not be divided or take offence if one tragedy was not sufficiently "advertised" specific massacre appears to overshadow UNVARNISHED TRUTH? at the time. There was no media coverage, another. no films like Schindler's List. Maybe Chelmsford Square Anita Lasker Sir - Benny Morris' 1948 and After is there are no museums and memorials London NWIO somewhat biased. Golda Meir writes in where this sorry event is commemorated. her autobiography (London, 1975, p230): If that is so - and please correct me if I THE RESTLESS CONSCIENCE In April 1948, I myself stood on the am wrong - then the fault lies squarely beach in Haifa for hours and literally be- Sir - John Rossall, in his fair summary with the Armenians. I give occasional seeched the Arabs of that city not to (September issue) of a Channel 4 TV pro­ talks on the subject of the Holocaust to leave... The Haganah had just taken over gramme, deplores the "paucity" of young people, and always make a point Haifa, and the Arabs were starting to run German response to the crimes of of mentioning other persecutions and away... Nothing the Haganah did or tried Hitler's tyranny. More realistically, the massacres. The Gypsies, the Armenians did any good... I was quite sure that they paucity is one of our, and especially of etc. But one has to face the fact that, to went not because they were frightened of German, ignorance and lack of interest in youngsters, the Holocaust period, in spite us but because they were terrified of being objective facts concerning the response. of its high profile, is already so much part considered traitors to the Arab "cause". It is always extremely difficult to gauge of history that it seems to have little to do Bishops Close G Schmerling response under a tyranny. The enormity with them. Even so, it is our duty to try to Old Coulsden, Surrey and madness of Nazi crimes adds emo­ convey the dangers and emphasise the tional inhibitions - revulsion, or guilt threat that we humans pose to each other Sir - Peter Prager reviewing Benny Mor­ feelings - acting against thorough search with all the means at our disposal. ris is like the Pope reviewing Vatican If we have to compare massacres I have publications: with equally predictable re­ to align myself with the people who claim sults. that the Holocaust stands out among all CAMPS In fairness to your readers, the follow­ other massacres by its scale and sophisti­ INTERNMENT-P.O.W.- ing should have been included in the cation alone. Germany wanted to FORCED LABOUR-KZ review: Writing in Ha'aretz last June, annihilate an entire race. Not just the I wish to buy cards, envelopes and folded postmarked Aharon Megged listed Benny Morris German Jews: All Jews. And in true Ger­ letters from all camps of both world wars. among those who re-write Zionist history Please send, registered mail, stating price, to: man fashion, they surpassed themselves in in the spirit of its adversaries and foes. their inventiveness. The system was fool­ 14 Rosslyn HIII, London NWS East Hill Ruth Willers proof and escape was as good as PETER C. RICKENBACK Wembley Park, Middx AJR INFORMATION NOVEMBER 1994

SURNAMES lie. At Salem - unlikely though I know this sounds today - nobody lied, what­ Sir - Yqur article on surnames (Septem­ Search Notices ever the consequences. It was one of the ber issue) is fascinating, and the subject Inga Brown was born in East Germany. many principles on which the school was deserves further explorations. Thanks for As a child she was in a concentration built. a stimulating magazine! camp but somehow managed to get to Wallwood Road Mrs M E Felix 2. He loved this country, but was un­ Sweden. She married an ex-naval officer in doubtedly a "good German" in the same London E11 1959 and had a daughter in 1960.After sense as the plotters against Hitler. He her divorce in 1972 she lost custody of himself had shown similar courage when, CUR NAMES the child.Would the daughter, or anyone in 1933, he publicly raised his voice having information of her whereabouts Sir - So you managed to transmogrify against the regime and was promptly im­ please contact Mr I Cochrane, Box No. the much respected Arthur Rosenberg, au­ prisoned without trial. 1266. thor of books on left-wing movements, 3. He was hated by the Hitler regime for May Weinstock (Miriam Krazinski) into the author of Der Mythos des the simple reason that he had been the born Germany 1920-25. Please contact 20.Jahrhunderts and war criminal sen­ private secretary of Prince Max von daughter Tara Lynn, flat 2/2, 106 tenced at Nuremberg (1946). Well, well, Baden, the German Chancellor who of­ Chamberlaine Road, Glasgow, G13 IRX. well... fered Germany's official surrender in ConJston Close Dr F Parkinson 1918. Not a very likely recruit for the Chariotte Levy, born 1923 in Bremen, Chiswick German secret service. daughter of Maximilian and Sophie-Else I stand corrected. The pagan Nazi Cholmley Gardens C F Flesch Abraham. Emif ated to UK 1939. Please Rosenberg's Christian name was indeed London N6 contact Dr Bef^ina Decke, Friedrichstr. 4, Alfred and not Arthur. Ed. 28203 Bremer^. Germany, who is KINDERGELD preparing a wci^k O" ^^^ ^mily and origin A NAME TO CONJURE WITH of the psychoai'^'yst Karl Abrahim, Sir - Mrs Gillatt could have saved her­ Maximilian's br?*'"^'"- Sir - As a native of Brno (Briinn), I self £16.20 by simply having her Jewish Ex-ser^'*=*'"®"'AJEx has been query your statement that Gabriele children's birth certificates photocopied, approached by a ."'"^ Producer who Princip was imprisoned in the Spielberg in as I have done (at lOp per copy). This is wishes to hear fr^"" ^^°^^ '-^ho have 1914. I remember learning at school that perfectly acceptable to the German au­ interesting stories'^ °^^ ye\r wartime the benevolent Emperor Josef II many thorities. New applicants please note. activities, particular. Jrey resulted in years earlier forbade the use of Spielberg Spath Road Mrs L E Crewe awards, or involved t, ilstoric incidents as a torture chamber and prison. Manchester that could serve as nrtperial for a film. Please permit me to correct the last Please contact Henry Morris,AJEX paragraph of your article and to add to GALLING GALLIMAUFRY House, East Bank, Stamford Hill, London Spielberg and the Bren gun: the monk Sir - May I suggest that if ever Richard NI6 5RT Gregor Mendel, discoverer of Genetics; Grunberger is offered a peerage he might the composers Leo Janacek and Erich Information is sought, by a relative, as to consider adopting the title of Lord Korngold; the singers Maria Jeritza and the whereabouts of Margarethe/Greta Gallimaufry of the Mazzesinsel} Alfred Jerger; the mathematician Kurt Kernek (formerly Aldberg or Altberg), Canfield Gardens Kurt Michael Oppen Godel, first Einstein Medal winner at resident in Rutland Road, Harrow from London NW6 Princeton University; the opera producer 1944 (approx) until the early 1950s and Varying the infamous dictum "When I Emil Pirchan and Robert Donat, the actor. believed to be a refugee who arrived in hear the word culture I reach for my And there must be many more outstand­ England from Vienna in 1939. Contact is gun", I want readers to say " When I hear ing personalities. also sought with Peter Jones (formerly the words AJR Information / reach for By the way, if Yul Brynner - why not Kernek) of Harrow. Replies please to Box my dictionary". Ed. Briinnhilde? No. 1264. Windsor Avenue H Hammerschlag Anna Gunzler (Gunzlar?), originally BOUQUET Belfast from Czechoslovakia, who stayed with Mr Sir - AJR Information is like a dear Tom Hill in Elm Road, Shefford, Beds and GORDONSTOUN FOUNDER friend, and I congratulate those who are later went to London to teach orphaned responsible for making it the dear little children. Please contact Mrs Pearl Sir - It was, of course, entirely proper and important journal that it is. Wharton (nee Hutton), an evacuee whom for MI5 to investigate Kurt Hahn during LondonWI4 H Ungar you taught to knit, as she and her mother the war, and equally to clear him of any would like to see you again. Reply to: suspicion. Off-hand, I cannot think of Acacia House, 38 Sollershott East, anyone less likely to have been a spy - GERMAN BOOKS Letchworth GC, Herts. SG6 3JN. and I knew him well, having been a pupil We are alv»rays buying: Books, Autographs, Judaica Freelance researcher for BBC radio at his boarding school, Salem, from 1925 and German works of art to 1928. I also kept in touch with him af­ Antiquariat Metropolis play wishes to speak to women from Vienna who entered domestic service on ter we had both reached this country as Leerbachstr. 85 arrival in UK. Please contact Rachel refugees. May I mention a few facts un­ D-60322 Frankfurt a/M derlining MI5's decision: Tel: 0104969559451 Osorio on 071 -737 4034 or via Box 1. Kurt Hahn was incapable of uttering a REGULAR VISITS TO LONDON No. 1268. AJR INFORMATION NOVEMBER 1994

M N's adieu ers will be able to put a face to the name, Chanukah anniversary or even a name to the initials! However, his coming Chanukah, the Chair­ for me the past five years have provided man of the Otto Schiff Housing hundreds of new names and faces and in­ T Association (OSHA), Mr Werner troduced me to a community about Mattes, will join residents of Eleanor which, prior to my entry to the AJR, I had Rathbone House to mark the 25th never known anything. I very much hope anniversary of its opening. that some of those hundreds of people - Regular readers will recall that the staff, volunteers and members alike - House has recently undergone a "facelift" will remember me occasionally with fond­ (June issue). Although this work was not ness, as I will remember them. specifically planned to coincide with the The person appointed in my 25th anniversary, it is fitting that it has place,Ronald Channing, will learn a great done so. Eleanor Rathbone House was deal over the coming years - not about named in honour of the late Eleanor producing a journal or designing adverts, Rathbone, MP, who - a gentile - was he will bring those skills with him - but active in Jewish refugee causes, in particu­ about friendship, community and life. The lar the issue of internment during the war. learning process will not be arduous. In The 12-storey tower block, with views this case the road to knowledge is paved across Highgate and Central London, with Stollen and Strudel. My time with contains 46 studio flats and, in a two-sto­ the AJR has been one of the happiest per­ rey side wing, six larger flats. The AJR iods of my life. Thank you. holds a one third interest in the building, D Maurice Newman which is administered by OSHA as shel­ Maurice Newman oto: Grunberger tered accommodation. he initials^^^^^have been appear It has become a real home to its tenants AJR'Drop in'Advice Centre over the past generation, with six of the ing at the . ?''/>m of reports anc Paul Balint AJR Day Centre very first residents still in occupation. T profiles on tJfsi^se e pages for almostt 15 Cleve Road, London NW6 five years. Given tne size of the AJR's between 10 a.m. and 12 noon on the following dates: Tenants are able to maintain their inde­ pendence, while enjoying the company of membership, it is unlikely that more than Tuesday I November a few percent oi AJR Information's read- Wednesday 9 November their peers and the support of two resi­ Thursday 17 November dent wardens. Other amenities include a Monday 21 November fine garden, easy access and parking for Tuesday 29 November Wednesday I December cars, a guest room, weekly shopping trips Do you live in South London.? to Brent Cross and a fortnightly in-house and every Thursday from 10 a.m. to 12 noon at: embers living south of the doctor's surgery. AJR, I Hampstead Gate, la Frognal, Thames may find North West London NW3 The Tenant's Association, ably headed London too far to travel to take M No appointment is necessary, but please bring along by Ruth Meyer, in addition to liaising part in AJR activities and may welcome a all relevant documents, such as Benefit Books, with the OSHA management, is active in chance to take part in activities in their letters, bills, etc. organising regular social functions, rang- own area. AJR member Ken Ambrose (3 , ing from concerts and talks to annual Priory Park, Blackheath, SE3 9UY. Tel: pnDDDDnnnGULJUuuLJuuuLXjnnci I outings to the coast. 081-852 0262) has agreed to investigate i If you would like to find out more the possibilities for action and what form COME DANCING about Eleanor Rathbone House, Contact - or forms - it could take. Another at Katia Gould at the AJR offices on: 071- member, Mr M L Meyer, has very kindly 431 6161 on Tuesdays and Thursdays.C offered his house as a meeting place. His The Paul Balint AJR Day Centre address is: 89 Alleyn Road, London SE21 Free home sight tests SAD. Tel: 081-670 7623. 15 Cleve Road, N6 Members suffering from Glaucoma or A preliminary meeting to discuss the on Diabetes, or those receiving Income Sup­ needs and wants of South London mem­ port, Housing Benefit or Council Tax bers will take place at the Meyer's house SUNDAY 4 DECEMBER 3-6pin relief, may be entitled to free sight tests on Thursday 24 November, from 3 to provided by a mobile testing service visit­ 5pm. If you would like to attend, please £5 Including refreshments. ing their own home. The service also phone Mr Meyer. Those who cannot at­ Live Music. includes free frames. tend, but would like to be kept in touch, Entrance by ticket only, enquiries to Anyone wishing to take advantage of should contact Mr Ambrose. Transport the Paul Balint AJR Day Centre. this service should contact Agi Alexander will be made available where possible and Phone:071-328 0208 at the AJR offices on 071-431 6161 dur­ appropriate.) D I I I I I I I IJDDrTTTTTTUJLI I I I I" ing office hours Monday - Thursday. D

8 AJR INFORMATION NOVEMBER 1994

Message from Ernest David valuable contribution to counteracting the distortion of history and we should be lerter last month suggested we AJR MEALS ON WHEELS proud, as well as sad, to bear the label of should call ourselves the AJER - A wide variety of high quality Itosher refugee. Refugees have made a significant the Association of Jewish Ex- frozen food Is available, ready made and A contribution to their host country. Refugees, since most of us had taken root delivered to your door via the AJR meals However, whatever we call ourselves, on wheels service. The food is cooked in in our new country and had become citi­ the significant bond between us is that we our own kitchens in Cleve Road, NW6, by zens of our host country. That is, no our experienced staff. are an association of people from a simi­ doubt, true but we are what we are and lar background and environment, often where we are because of events that took This service is available to those with a similar Weltanschauung, and the members with mobility problems or other place in Nazi Europe 50 - 60 years ago. function of the AJR is to enable us to pro­ difficulties. To a greater or lesser extent we have all vide support and companionship to each been affected by our forced emigration The cost for a kosher 3 course meal is £3.50. other in our new, or now no longer so Delivery charge SOp. Payment for meals to and this period must not be consigned to new, home. D be made to the driver. a historical scrapheap at a time when Ger­ many has found it necessary to enact a If you live in North or North West London law which makes it a crime to deny the For music lovers and wish to take advantage of this service phone Susie Kaufman on 071-328 0208 for Holocaust. Unfortunately most other For the information of music loving mem­ details and an assessment interview. western democracies do not take the same bers, the encore played by Erich view, so that the lies of the so-called revi­ Gruenberg and Anthony Goldstone at the Meals can still be collected from 15 Cleve sionist historians take root and spread. AJR & Self Aid Annual Charity Concert Road on weekdays (Mondays-Thursdays) for £3.50 per meal. To this end. Lord Bullock's lecture, re­ on 4 September, was the Scherzo from printed in AJR Information, is a most Beethoven's Spring Sonata, n

PAUL BALINT AJR ^ accompanied by Geoffrey Armen Boldy (Tenor) with DAY CENTRE 'SB Whitworth (Piano) ^m PianoAccompaniment Tuesday H CLASSICAL STRINGS- ••Tuesday• 22 THE BEST POPULAR 15 Cleve Road, London NW6 3RL SYNCOPATED PIANO SONGS - David Lee Tel. 071 328 0208 ENTERTAINMENT (Piano & Voice) PLUS -Jules Ruben Wednesday 23 A PRE-CHANUKAH Open Tuesday and Thursday 9.30 a.m.- (Piano) & Jack Davidoff CONCERT - 6.30 p.m., Monday and Wednesday 9.30 (Violin) Geoffrey Strum & a.m.-3,30 p.m., Sunday 2 p.m.-6.30 p.m. Wednesday 9 TWO STRINGS EACH - Johnny Walton Lucy White (Violin) & Thursday 24 THE CHANNING Morning Activities - Bridge, kalookie, Juliet Davey (Piano) FLUTES WITH RUTH scrabble, chess, etc., keep fit, discussion Thursday 10 DUO CABARET - NEWMAN group, choir (Mondays), art class {Tuesdays Helena Guest (Soprano) accompanied by Pianist and Thursdays). accompanied by Barry Wynford-Dawes CHANUKAH Afternoon entertainment - (Piano) Sunday 27 CHANUKAH CONCERT Sunday 13 DAY CENTRE OPEN - - AROUND THE NOVEMBER NO ENTERTAINMENT WORLD IN 60 Tuesday 1 OPERETTA Monday 14 A SERENADE IN MINUTES - FAVOURITES - Kirsty NOVEMBER - Francoise Kara Wilson - Young (Soprano) Hans Freund Gordon Griffin &c Colin accompanied by Stuart accompanied by Jaque accompanied by Wild (Piano) Stuart Wild (Piano) Irene Wallis (Piano) Wednesday 2 AN AFTERNOON OF Tuesday IS YOUNG JEWISH Monday 28 THE CONNAUGHT MUSICAL VIOLIN VIRTUOSO - OPERA AT CHANUKAH ENTERTAINMENT - Jack Liebeck Tuesday 29 SALUTE TO RICHARD Lara Jane Moyler accompanied by RODGERS - Lyn Hendry (Piano) (Soprano) accompanied FOLLOWED BY A Wednesday 16 THE WORLD OF THE CHANUKAH SING by Marek Dabrowski VIOLIN - ALONG Cantor Marshall Pernas Mateje Marinkovic Stone accompanied by Thursday 3 SANG u. KLANG - (Violin) accompanied by Bridget Marshall (Piano) Angela & Nicholas Lyn Hendry (Piano) Wednesday 30 CHANUKAH WITH Arratoon - Diana &C Thursday 17 SUNRISE - SUNSET SHELLY WELDON Elizabeth Legroux Heidi Pegler (Soprano) accompanied by Maurice accompanied by DECEMBER Hermele Simon Kent (Piano) Sunday 6 DAY CENTRE OPEN - Thursday 1 CHANUKAH WITH Sunday 20 DAY CENTRE OPEN - HANS FREUND NO ENTERTAINMENT NO ENTERTAINMENT Monday 7 SYMPHONY IN Sunday 4 TEA DANCE Monday 21 TRINITY QUARTET - With Live Music Band. NOVEMBER - Deirdri Amanda Palmer (Soprano) Forrest (Soprano) - Devon Harrison (Bass) AJR INFORMATION NOVEMBER 1994

FAMILY EVENTS passed away suddenly in hospital tial. Please telephone Mr English/German shorthand typist Death on September 14, 1994, aged 87 Brandman on: 071-405 2000 - hourly fees. Tel: 081-452 8687 years. Sadly missed by her sister (days) or 081-441 0034 (eves/ Goldberger Lene Goldberger, born Seeking Friendship in Vienna, died, aged 86, on 12 Lilly, family and friends both here weekends). October 1994. Deeply mourned and in the USA. Shalom. Let's laugh at life together! by her cousins Ernst and Marta Warmhearted widow with own Companion/Carer Miscellaneous Pollak, London N8, Ilse Weber garden flat in NW London, viva­ Oswego, New York State, and German speaking companion is Electrician City and Guilds cious, good cook and Lotte Newman, Wokingham. sought for my Viennese mother qualified. All domestic work un­ home-maker, many interests, Mayer Anne Mayer of Gerrards two or three mornings per week dertaken. Y. Steinreich. Tel: 081 wants to find sincere friendship. Cross on 24 September, aged 74. in the Kingsbury (NW9) area. No 455 5262. Box No. 1265. Darling wife of Harold, beloved housework required. Terms to be Manicure and pedicure in the mother, grandmother and sister. arranged. Car owner/driver would comfort of your own home. Tel­ The AJR does not accept Schwab Kathe Schwab (nee Stern) be most welcome but not essen­ ephone 081-455 7582. responsibility for the died 10 October, 1994 aged 97 standard of service years. Sadly missed by family and rendered by advertisers. friends. IRENE FASHIONS Steiner Dr Dora Steiner, resident fornnerly of Swiss Cottage. of Heinrich Stahl House, formerly Sizes 10 to 50 hips ADVERTISEMENT RATES of Twickenham and originally FAMILY EVENTS First 15 words free of charge, from Stuttgart, died on 22 Sep­ CLOSING DOWN SALE £2.00 per 5 words thereafter tember, 1994 aged 85 years, in the CLASSIFIED Whittington Hospital. Remem­ Everything Must Go £2.00 per five words. / bered with love and gratitude by Summer & Autumn Dresses and 2-pieces, suits, skirts, slacks, BOX NUMBERS the Rosney family: Audrey, Eliza­ jackets, blouses, cocktail wear and rainwear. £3.00 extra. beth and Clifford. Buy now and save C££s DISPLAY, SEARCH NOTICES Wallace Eva Wallace, nee per single column inch For an early appointment kindly ring before 11 a.m. 16 ems (3 columns per page) £10.00 Kaufmann, of Yeoville, Somerset, or after 7 p.m. 081-346 9057. 12 ems (4 columns per page) £9.00 wife of the late Mr Frank Marcel,

FOR FAST EFFICIENT FRIDGE INSTITUTE OF CONTEMPORARY ANTHONY J. NEWTON & FREEZER REPAIRS HISTORY 7-day service AND WIENER LIBRARY & CO All parts guaranteed Early evening talks SOLICITORS J. B. Services -Aututnti 1994 I Tel. 081-202 4248 THE GERMAN MUSE 22 Fitzjohns Avenue, Hampstead, NWS 5NB until 9 pm

3 November ALL LEGAL WORK UNDERTAKEN SHELTERED FLATS Dr Leon I Yudkin, University of TO LET Manchester; Telephone: 071-435 5351/071-794 9696 A few flats still available at Else Lasker-SchiJier Eleanor Rathbone House 10 November Highgate N6 BELSIZE SQUARE Residential Home Mr Clive M Marks: Clara Nehab House Details from: Mrs K. Gould, APARTMENTS (Leo Ba«ck Housing Associaton Ltd.) Schdnberg -Zionist and composer 13-19 Leeside Crescent NWll AJR, on 071-431 6161 24 BELSIZE SQUARE, N.W.S Tuesday and Thursday 17 November ^ All rooms with Shower W.C. and H/C Basins Tel: 071-4307 or 071-435 2557 a en-suite mornings. Mrs Elaine Feinstein: I Spacious Garden • Lounge & Dining Room - Lift I Near Shops and Public Transport Viewing by appointment only Brecht and his female collaborators r 24 Hour Care - Physiotherapy MODERN SELF-CATERING HOLIDAY f Long * short Term - Respite Care -Trial Periods 24 November ROOMS, RESIDENT HOUSEKEEPER MODERATE TERMS Enquiries: Mrs Gloria Randall R.&G. Prolessor Laurence Dreyfus, NEAR SWISS COTTAGE STAnON Otto Schiff Housing Association Ttie Bishops Avenue N2 OBG (ELECTRICAL INSTALLATIONS) King's College, London: Phone: 081-209 0022 LTD. Wagner's Jewish circle 1 December SWITCH ON TORRINGTON HOMES 199b Belsize Road, NW6 Mr Leo Abse: ELECTRICS MRS. PRINGSHEIM, S.R.N. 624 2646/328 2646 Modem German culture and MATRON Rewires and all household For Elderly, Retired and Convalescent its relationship to German politics Members: E.C.A. electrical work. {LKensed by Borough ot Barnei) • Single and Double Rooms. N.I.C.E.I.C. All talks will take place at the PHONE PAUL: 081-200 3518 • H/C Basins and CH in all rooms. Wiener Library, 4 Devonshire Street, • Gardens, TV and reading rooms. ALTERATIONS • Nurse on duty 24 hours. London Wl, 0. H. WILSON OF ANY KIND TO Carpenter • Long and short term, including on Thursdays at 6.30pm. LADIES' FASHIONS Painter and Decorator trial period if required. Admission: £2.00 - French Polisher I also design and make From £250 per week children's clothes Friends of the Antique Furniture Repaired 081-445 1244 Office hours Tel: 081-452 8324 081-455 1335 Other times West Hampstead area Wiener Ubrary: Free. Car: 0831 103707 39 Torrington Park, N.12 071-328 6571

10 AJR INFORMATION NOVEMBER 1994

Alice Schwab Birmingham. There are ten paintings by Bernard Cohen in the Tate Gallery and in many other public and private collections. Annely Juda Fine Art is showing (22 September - 29 October) works by Gloria Friedmann, born in 1950 in Kronach, Germany and now living in Avigny-le- The Glory of Venice 1700 - 1800 at the Duc, France. She has had a number of Royal Academy (until 14 December) is one-person exhibitions, but this is her first one of the most beautiful exhibitions to with Annely Juda. be seen in London for a very long time. It A Bitter Truth: Avant-Garde Art and includes work by Tiepolo, Piazzetta, the Great War is the title of an exhibition Canaletto, Guardi, Canova, Piranesi and at the Barbican (until 11 December). The many others. A magnificent fully illus­ result of an ambitious collaboration be­ trated catalogue, published by Yale tween major museums in Berlin and the University Press, is available (price Barbican, it comprises some 220 works by £22.50). artists such as Beckmann, Chagall, Deutsche Romantik: A Festival of Ger­ Chirico, Dix, Kollwitz, Nash and Spencer. man Romanticism is at the South Bank Kdtl7e Kollwitz Self Portrait, 1921, Etching. All had direct, and often horrifying, expe­ Centre (until 8 January). This is a major riences during the war which resulted in cross-arts festival - including music, A Weavers' Uprising and A Peasants' the creation of outstanding images. visual arts, publications, films and per­ Revolt are included in the exhibition, as The Fine Art and Antiques Fair is at formances - which provides an are her depictions of maternal grief Olympia (16 - 22 November). Magnifi­ intriguing insight into the arts and ethos Woman and Death and Woman with cent antique furniture and outstanding of a nation. Part of this festival The Ro­ Dead Child. The exhibition also features works of art are being shown, all vetted mantic Spirit in Germany 1790 - 1900 is some of the many self-portraits she ex­ for authenticity by the Fair Committee.D at the Hayward Gallery until 8 January. ecuted during her life. At the Royal Festival Hall there is an Bernard Cohen, current Head of the exhibition of Kdthe Kollwitz: Prints (22 Slade School of Fine Art, University Col­ October - 4 December). During her life­ lege, London, is exhibiting Thirty Five time Kollwitz (1867 - 1945) was Years of Drawing at the Ben Uri Art Soci­ GERMAN and ENGLISH concerned with social issues, fraternity ety gallery (7 November - 18 December). BOOKS BOUGHT and revolution. Two examples from her After its showing at the Ben Uri, the exhi­ Always required: cycles depicting the workers' rebellions, bition will travel to Norwich, Bristol and antiquarian, secondhand and modem blocks of quality. Maugham. He is currently making a guest All subjects wanted, SB's Column with special emphasis on appearance at the Vienna Volksoper as Hungary's musical role. A recent survey Emperor Franz Josef in Benatzky's White ARCHITECTURE, ART, PHOTOGRAPHY, demonstrated the remarkable contribu­ Horse Inn. MUSIC, ANTIQUES, CRAFTS, FASHIONS, tion made by this relatively small country, Another Viennese actor, Fritz Muliar, FOOD AND DRINK, EROTICA, a creative centre of opera music since the has just turned 75. He is known both for MOUNTAINS, LANDSCAPES, GARDENS, beginning of the 19th century, when inter­ his stage work and for his readings of hu­ EASTERN EUROPE, CENTRAL ASIA, national opera was performed in both morous Yiddish stories. These he has CHINA, JAPAN, POLAR REGIONS, larger cities and smaller towns. In the presented in many countries over the MODERN LITERATURE, JEWISH LIFE homeland of Liszt and Bartok, Ferenc years (and several times at the Austrian AND CULTURE, GREEK AND LATIN Erkel was instrumental in composing and Cultural Institute in London). TEXTS, FEMINISM, ANARCHISM, ANTI- sponsoring operatic music (he had one of FASCISM, SOCIALISM, ECONOMICS AND Budapest's two opera houses named after Obituaries. Gottlob Frick, a celebrated PHILOSOPHY, SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, him). In today's repertoire Kodaly and German bass has died in Berlin aged 88. MEDICINE, BIBLIOGRAPHY, HNE Ligeti rank equal with Puccini and Mo­ He had a long and successful career at op­ BINDING, HNE PRINTING, FINE zart. Conductors like Dorati, Dohnanyi era houses all over the world. Apart from ILLUSTRATION, MANUSCRIPTS AND and Sir Georg Solti enjoy an international his long associations with Dresden, Berlin, ORIGINAL DRAWINGS, JOURNALS, reputation, as do the operetta composers Vienna and Bayreuth, his "black" bass NEWSPAPERS, MAGAZINES. Lehar, Kalman and Paul Abraham. was heard in London between 1957 and Immediate response to your letter or phone call. 1967 - mainly in the Wagnerian parts of We pay good prices and come to collect. Hunding, Hagen and Gurnemanz. Birthdays. Hans Holt, long-serving mem­ Please contact: ber of the Josefstadt in Vienna will be 85 The German actor Ernst Schroder has Robert Homung, MA (Oxon) this month. The array of roles he created died in Berlin at the age of 79. He 2 Mount View, Ealing, over a period of 45 years speaks for the achieved success in the classics as well as London W5 IPR versatihty of this ever-young actor in typi­ in performances of Brecht and Beckett. Telephone 081-998 0546 cal bonvivant parts ranging from Oscar He was Salzburg's Jedermann in 1969. (5pm - 9pm is best) Wilde through Schnitzler to Somerset He retired to Tuscany in 1975. D

11 AJR INFORMATION NOVEMBER 1994

the local population, and get some food. ued the trek. In rapid succession I had a Before the anticlimax In the farmhouse, as in all the others bit of good luck, and then made my first AW Freud with the Special Operations which I would subsequently visit, there mistake. On a mountain road I came Executive in Austria were only women, children and elderly across a lorry driver collecting firewood. I people. All men between sixteen and sixty asked for a lift and he consented, indicat­ 'he next morning, still cold and wet, were geared into the German war ma­ ing that I should climb on the back. I tried to orientate myself. This was chine. My identity was never questioned, Leaping aboard I gave him a cheerful not easy; I could be anywhere and T nor did I offer any explanations for my "OK" in English. I knew immediately there were few distinguishing features in presence. If the inhabitants should be that I shouldn't have done it, but the the landscape from which to take a bear­ questioned they could honestly say that driver only gave me a long, curious look ing. After a time, I realised that the little they had no idea who I was. But they but no further reaction. Perhaps he stream I had been trying to cross had been knew I wasn't the boy from next door. I thought that I was merely acting affected the Mur River, the biggest in southern didn't stay in the house long, nor in any by using the English phrase. As soon as Austria. It is known for its strong currents that I later visited. It was completely ob­ the lorry's direction parted from mine I and I was lucky not to have drowned with vious that there was no possibility of thanked the driver, in German!, and con­ all the weight I was carrying. I had been forming any sort of resistance movement tinued on foot. dropped near a little village called from the local population. There were no I only panicked once during my sojourn Oberzeiring, miles from the scheduled people left to participate in one. One in Austria, and it must have been about drop zone, and had to walk to it to meet needs tough men for such work, not nurs­ that time. As usual, I was climbing up a the others, assuming they had been ing mothers, suckling babies or geriatrics. mountainside and thought myself near the dropped. There were no roads or paths summit. I thought it might be a good idea and I made very slow progress up the Spilt bowl of soup to leave the heavy rucksack by a tree in wooded mountain slopes. In order to Moving on I visited other farmhouses, order to climb unhindered for a short reach the others I had to cross a mountain always ensuring they were well isolated. time and check that this really was the range and there was still quite a bit of Sometimes the people were very afraid. top. It wasn't. Disappointed, I went back snow about. Crossing the mountains One old man offered me a bowl of soup, for my pack, but couldn't find it. Every­ proved very frustrating; every time I but his hands shook so much that he spilt thing necessary for my survival, including thought I was close to the top of that a good part of it; a pity, I was hungry. the sleeping bag, seemed to have disap­ range, there was another mountain in Other places took my visit for granted, al­ peared. Without it I would probably front of me. most as if I had been an expected guest. freeze to death. I began to run around in Most of the food had been in the big They may have heard about our drop, circles, getting terribly upset and flus­ container which was lost and, after a few which must have become public knowl­ tered. I forced myself to sit down and days, hunger began to bite. Luckily I edge in the area once our heavy container think before returning to the point which came across an isolated farmhouse, my and Schweiger's rucksack had been I had thought to be the mountaintop and first contact with humanity on my Aus­ found. slowly retraced my steps down again. At trian mission. Checking that there were After some further meandering, all last, I found the rucksack - the relief was no phone lines, I decided that this would steeply uphill, I came across a deserted indescribable. be a good point at which to meet some of mountain hut. After one or two nights n To be continued.... there I regained my strength and contin- East Germany FOR THOSE YOU CARE MOST ABOUT and Berlin COMPANIONS Springdene OF LONDON We give immediate attention. 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12 AJR INFORMATION NOVEMBER 1994

But Hitler was every bit as much a poli­ enemies whom he was to make it his mis­ Hitler and the tician as a visionary, fully alive to the sion to destroy: the socialists (habitually exploitation of his image through every referred to as Marxists), the Slavs (habitu­ Holocaust (Part 2) device of propaganda. He paid constant ally referred to as sub-human), and the We are pleased to present Lord Bullock's attention to the regular reports on public Jews, the latter in the form of immigrants authoritative lecture given one year ago opinion in Germany carefully weighing up fleeing from the pogroms in Eastern Eu­ under the auspices of the Yad Vashem in advance the effect every tactical move­ rope and swelling the competition in Committee of the Board of Deputies. like every gesture on the platform - Vienna for jobs and housing. would have on the public perception of To the Socialist-Marxist preaching of him both in Germany and abroad. It is class conflict aimed at creating a collectiv- turn to the second question which I Hitler's mastery of the irrational psycho­ ist equality. Hitler opposed racial conflict have made the centrepiece of my logical forces in politics which catches the aimed at preserving the natural inequality lecture. How are we to explain the ab­ I eye, but it was to the combination of con­ of individuals and races. The growing sence of an order signed by Hitler for viction and calculation, the 'Man with a numbers and demand for equality of the carrying out the Final Solution - a fact Mission' and an opportunist's ability to Czechs and other Slavs he saw as a threat which has led to the claim that he did not conceal, disguise and defer his long-term to the dominant position which the Aus­ know about it and was not involved? I objectives, that Hitler owed his remark­ trian Germans had exercised in the believe this was not accident, but deliber­ able run of success from his breakthrough Habsburg Empire for centuries. ate. into German politics in 1930 to the defeat No personal experience has come to Long before he came to power, Hitler at Stalingrad in the winter of 1942-3. light which could explain the intensity of formed the belief that he had been his hatred of the third group, the Jews. He marked out to play a great historic role, Racist ideology rationalised his feelings by declaring that rescue the German people from the hu­ what distinguished them from all other miliation and divisions which followed This applies to Hitler's policy towards races was the fact that they possessed no the defeat of 1918 and restore their lost the Jews as much as to foreign policy. His territory of their own, and so had to be­ sense of their own greatness. This belief hatred of Jews was part of the racist ide­ come parasites (an obsessive metaphor of never deserted him: it hardened his will to ology which he picked up in Vienna in the Hitler's) battening on the creative activi­ prolong the war for two years after it was 1900s. Where he encountered the three ties which they sought to enslave. lost and armoured him against any feel­ Hitler believed that Western civilisation ings of guilt or remorse for the appalling was already decadent and that the future suffering and loss of life for which he was destiny of the German people was to re­ responsible. place it. To achieve that destiny, the No-one has described the charismatic Making a will? Germans must acquire the Lebensraum power with which Hitler could project Remember the AjR (living room) necessary to dominate Eu­ this belief to a German audience better rope by the conquest of a new racist than Nietzsche in a passage written, with Something that none of us should empire in the East at the expense of the the insight of genius, more than 10 years avoid is making a will and keeping it sub-human Slavs and especially of Russia. before Hitler was born: up to date. We know we cannot take our worldly The circle was closed by the discovery Men believe in the truth of all that is seen possessions with us but we can - at that Marxism was a doctrine invented by to be strongly believed. In all great least - see that whatever is left behind a Jew, Karl Marx, and used by the Jewish deceivers a remarkable process is at work goes: leaders of the Social Democratic Party in to which they owe their power. In the (a) where it will be appreciated, Austria and Germany to ensnare the very act of deception with all its (b) where it will do some good, masses with their doctrine of class conflict preparations, the dreadful voice, the (c) where it is needed. and so alienate them from the nation. The expressions, the gestures, they are Many of our former refugees have Russian Revolution of 1917 drew the cir­ overcome by their belief in themselves found their association with the AJR cle tighter. Hitler saw it as installing a and it is this belief which then speaks so a rewarding one. This is an Jewish Marxist leadership which made persuasively, so miracle-like to the opportunity to support the AJR the Slav capital of Moscow the headquar­ audience. Charitable Trust (Reg. Charity No. ters of the Jewish world conspiracy. In And Nietzsche added: 'Not only does 211239). Your solicitor will be able to Mein Kampf, published in the mid-1920s, he commimicate that to the audience but help you; alternatively you can consult he wrote: 'When we speak of the audience returns it to him and with our welfare rights advisor, Agi Lebensraum for the German people, we strengthens the belief.' Alexander, on 071-431 6161 (Tues, must think principally of Russia and the This interaction created 'the Hitler Weds, Thurs) or the social workers at border states subject to her. Destiny itself image', the belief shared by a large the Day Centre 071-328 0208. seems to wish to point the way for us number of people in Germany as well as If you have already made a will, it is here.' The defeat of Russia would at a by Hitler himself that he was a Saviour quite easy to add a codicil. single blow secure Germany's future by sent by Providence, the Fijhrer, raised Whatever amount you are able to the conquest of living space, the enslave­ above all sectional interests and offering leave to the AJR, it will be well ment of the Slav masses, the destruction not a political or economic programme received, carefully applied and of the Jewish threat and the extirpation of but something more, the salvation of Ger­ remembered with gratitude. Marxism. many. D To be continued....

13 AJR INFORMATION NOVEMBER 1994

celeriac fritters proved to be one of the egg and finally in the breadcrumbs, to Cooking with Gretel Beer most popular ones. which the Parmesan cheese has already Ingredients been added. 1 large celeriac Fry the slices - not too many at the salt same time - in hot oil which should be 1 large onion just deep enough for the slices to "float". 1 - 2 tablespoons oil Drain on kitchen paper and serve while seasoned flour still hot. 1 - 2 lightly beaten eggs The Chelsea Hotel served the fritters fine breadcrumbs with a sharp tomato sauce, as well as an 1 tablespoon grated Parmesan cheese accompaniment to some main courses. oil for frying However, the fritters are also excellent if Wash and peel the celeriac and cut into accompanied by a fresh green salad. D Celeriac Fritters slices about 1/3 inch thick. Sprinkle with salt. Chop the onion finely and simmer it P.S. It seems that last month's recipe, tur- he Chelsea Hotel in London gently in the hot oil until softened and bot with fresh walnut butter, was not recently held an Austrian Food barely coloured. Add the celeriac slices strictly Kosher. My apologies go to all TFestival where quite a few of the and a dash of water. Cover with a lid and those who may have been upset or an­ dishes were cooked according to the reci­ simmer very gently until the celeriac is noyed by this oversight. However, the pes in my book Classic Austrian Cooking tender, shaking the pan from time to time. recipe does work equally well if halibut is (Andre Deutsch, 1993). Unfortunately, Leave to cool in the pan. substituted for turbot. Thanks,go to those notice of the Festival arrived too late to Lift out the slices very carefully so that readers who took the time and trouble to be included in AJR Information in time, some of the onion puree clings to each point out, very delicately, the error of my but there is no reason why some of the slice and turn each of them round first in ways. I hope you enjoy this month's dishes should not be tried at home - and seasoned flour and then in lightly beaten recipe, Gretel.

more modest, but also more impressive ef­ office for Krefeld. Because of the relative Continued from page 5 fort at reminding German citizens of the paucity of primary documentation, Dr Before leaving Bonn I took a look at The awful past. It was in Krefeld, my wife's Schupetta is avid for photos, letters and House of History. As AJRInformation has birthplace, where a formerly Jewish- postcards, diaries and the memories of already touched on that subject, I will owned building, the Villa Merlander, witnesses to the Nazi times. only add a brief comment and say that I accommodates a permanent exhibition of Apropos of "degenerate art" Merlander found the exhibition well-intentioned but the following: (the villa's quondam owner) was a pa­ so "impressionistic" as to become mean­ Nazi persecution of the Jews; the other tron of the expressionist painter Heinrich ingless. What lodged in my memory was a Krefelders under National Socialism; Re­ Campendonk, a member of the Blaue legend high on a wall, an unwonted flash sistance on the lower Rhine; the bombing Reiter group. Two examples of his work of double-edged humour. Share it with of Krefeld; the fate of "degenerate art". adorn walls of the villa; other paintings, me, in translation: Special exhibitions, for instance about the reproductions or photographs are being Your Christ...a Jew; your car...Japanese; lives of foreign workers, and the Nazi sought. Campendonk, who went into ex­ your democracy...Greek; your coffee... "euthanasia" programme for the handi­ ile, died in Holland in 1957. Brazilian; your holiday...Turkish; your capped are put on from time to time. I asked Dr Schupetta whether young numerals...Arabic; your writing...Latin; In charge of this documentation centre Krefelders saw the link between the Crys­ and your neighbour...merely a foreigner. is the dedicated Dr Ingrid Schupetta, who tal Night destruction of the four local On my way back to London I visited a showed me around the exhibition and synagogues and the destruction of part of with whom I had a lengthy discussion their town in Allied air raids. while my wife helped with corrections of The verdict: Not really. A few, perhaps. Forgot to file for Restitution in data and names of local Jewish families. D John Rossall East Germany? I learned that few state or municipal documents have survived, an important In certain cases it is still possible to do exception being the papers of the Gestapo so. London lawyer and German historian will check for you this possibility. John Denham Please contact: Hans Marcus at Pannone & Partners, Simon P. Rhodes M.Ch.S. * Gallery 14 New Street, London EC2M 4TR, STATE REGISTERED CHIROPODIST Tel. 071 972 9720, Fax 071 972 9723. 50 Mill Lane,West Hampstead Surgery hours: London NW6 INJ 071-794 2635 8.30 a.m.-6 p.m. Tuesday-Friday Annely Juda Fine Art 8.30 a.m.-3 p.m. Saturday I wish to purchase paintings 23 Dering Street (off New Bond Street) Visiting chiropody service available and drawings by German, Tel: 071-629 7578 Fax: 071-491 2139 Austrian or British Artists CONTEMPORARY PAINTING 67 Kilburn High Road, NW6 (opp. M&S) pre-war or earlier, also AND SCULPTURE Telephone 071-624 1576 paintings of Jewish interest.

14 AJR INFORMATION NOVEMBER 1994

Obituaries

Karl Popper just before the Nazi annexation of his na­ Yeshayahu Leibowitz tive Austria. Karl Popper, the philosopher, has died, Professor Yeshayahu Leibowitz, one of He spent the war years in New Zea­ aged 92. He was born into a family that Israel's most controversial intellectual land, coming to the London School of conspicuously typified Vienna's Jewish figures, has died aged 91. His concern for Economics immediately afterwards. This Bildtmgsbiirgertum. The father, a lawyer, a high standard of moral conduct on po­ was the period of gestation of The Open was an amateur scholar with a library of litical and military affairs led him to Society and its Enemies, Popper's mag­ 10,000 books; the mother, an excellent pi­ engage in fierce polemics, often invoking num opus, wherein he rejected the anist, had heard Liszt and Brahms in strong language. The occupation of the "closed systems" of political philosophers person and transmitted love of music to West Bank caused him to refer to soldiers like Plato, Hegel and Marx as inimical to her son. No less typically, the Poppers who served there as Judeo-Nazis, a de­ scientific method. The book catapulted its also abjured Judaism some time before scription which brought him author into the front rank of "freedom the Great War. condemnation. fighters", alongside George Orwell and Young Karl's sheltered upbringing was Born in Riga, Latvia, Leibowitz arrived Arthur Koestler, who fought Soviet totali­ abruptly interrupted by the war and its at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem in tarianism with the pen at the time the Red disturbed aftermath. A youthful rebel, he 1935 from Germany and Switzerland Army was fastening Stalin's rule on half drifted to the Left but stopped short of with doctorates in chemistry, medicine of Europe. accepting the panaceas offered by pedlars and philosophy. His resistance to advocat­ Hereafter, Popper continued to play a of revolutionary Utopia. Influenced by Al­ ing a specific Jewish theology or science dynamic role in the world of English phi­ bert Adler, he did social work among led him to adopt a religion for religion's losophy. Commensurate recognition came juvenile delinquents in the 1920s, turning sake stance, advocating service of God ac­ to him in the form of a Knighthood, a to philosophical enquiry by the end of the cording to Halachic principles, not Companionship of Honour and many decade. 1931 saw the publication of spiritual ones. honorary doctorates. Alas, unlike his Logik der Forschung, a highly regarded His extraordinary intellectual output in­ compatriot Arnold Schoenberg, he did not work that put forward a new theory of cluded lecturing, editing the Hebrew consider Nazism and the Holocaust suffi­ scientific knowledge. Popper's rapidly Encyclopedia and writing a number of cient reason to return to the faith of his growing reputation helped him secure a books. However, it was his proclivity for forefathers. D university appointment in New Zealand declaring his forthright and often outra­ ^! geous views in public which brought him fame and notoriety from around the otto Schiff Housing Association world. People matter more than places After the 1982 invasion of Lebanon he called on Israeli soldiers to throw down their arms and to refuse to serve in the oc­ cupied territories. He also advocated the The OSHA homes, set separation of religion from the state. A in their own spacious man of inherent contradictions, he cam­ grounds, close to paigned for the rights of women, as well Hampstead Heath, as admitting a penchant for pornography. Kenwood and Temple He nonetheless attracted international re­ nown for proposing the two-state solution Fortune, offer residents long before it reached the negotiating ta­ and their families a caring ble. and secure environment In many ways the enfant terrible of Is­ in addition to a raeli secular life, Leibowitz remained comprehensive range committed to his principles right to the of amenities. end, turning down the Israel Prize, the * OSHA homes provide a high standard of care for country's highest award, after Yitzhak both permanent and respite residents OSHA has grown from Rabin refused to attend the award cer­ within the community and * Qualified personnel are on duty at all_ times and emony. D remains at its heart. relatives and friends can visit at any time * We provide physio and occupational therapy. AJR INFORMATION For further information about Activities and outings are arranged with our own Is available on tape respite or permanent care, staff in attendance using our own transport please contacl Jacliie Allen at: facilities If anyone would like to take Central Offices. Osmond House, The Bishop's .Avenue, advantage of this service London .\2 OBG. * To meet the cultural and religious needs of Tel: 081-209 0022 residents, we offer kosher catering and observe all Please contact Jewish Holy Days, Holidays and Festivals Mrs Irene White 081-203 2733 DEDICATED TO THE RESIDENTIAL CARE OF JEWISH REFUGEES FROM NAZI OPPRESSION before 9 a.m. or after 6 p.m. AJR INFORMATION NOVEMBER 1994

interesting part of the collection. Gunter the Magnes-Buber circle in Jerusalem and Difficult dialogue Plaut's account of the century of com­ its reflections on "the spiritual possibili­ THE JEWISH LEGACY ANDTHE GERMAN mon people culture and Werner ties of Zionism". A third contributor CONSCIENCE Moses Rishkin and Raphael Weinberg's analysis of Judeo-German as examines the proposition that "the role of Asher (eds.). The Judah L Magnes Museum, a fully-fledged language in its own right German Jews reared in German culture Berkeley, Cal., USA 1991.357 pp Illustrated exercise a strong emotional appeal. Both was ... crucial to the founding and abbi Joseph Asher grew up in essays are serious studies of an important progress of Zionism". Wiesbaden, came to England in aspect of German-Jewish social history. The problems faced by many German- R1938, studied for the rabbinate, But Weinberg's penetrating exposition is Jewish artists, on the one hand hoping to served as a chaplain to the British Forces more likely to score full marks for nostal­ be seen as integrated into their environ­ in Germany and went on to become a gia with anyone who, even if only ment and on the other anxious to express rabbi in several American Reform congre­ vaguely, remembers the idiosyncratic themselves as Jews, and indeed (as in the gations. He died in 1990. idiom of his or her forebears, its cleverly case of E.M. Lilien) as Zionists, are dis­ The present volume of essays represents contrived expressions and its often hugely cussed in the book's penultimate section a memorial to him in recognition of his amusing fun-words. (Who can forget such by reference to such famous names as role in exploring the potential for a post­ gems as Aschaftenburg translated into the Moritz Oppenheim, Max Liebermann, war German-Jewish dialogue. "vernacular"}). In spite of all the difficul­ Lesser Ury, Felix Nussbaum and others. The collection is divided up into broad ties they experienced, ordinary German An evaluation of the current position of areas of investigation, with dissertations Jews had a quite robust sense of humour. Jews in Germany leads to Elie Wiesel's ranging from a discussion of Judaism and Their Yiddish-speaking neighbours from epilogue, a sensitive investigation of the the German Mind to a review of German Poland, or elsewhere in Eastern Europe, possibility of reconciliation and forgive­ Jews and their religious, intellectual and had less reason to look on life in quite the ness after half a century. One sentence artistic aspirations. same way. Ostjuden, as Trude Maurer seems to sum up both his own conclusions The Christian-Jewish encounter in Ger­ points out, were constantly in fear of de­ and the overall message of the book: many is explored by the Protestant portation until, and unless, they were at "There were some decent people, even in theologian von der Posten-Sacker, who ar­ long last granted German citizenship; and Hitler's Germany, but these future gen­ gues that the German churches have a their integration into the German-Jewish erations will have to answer why their duty "to listen to the Jewish tradition, to host community was only gradual and by numbers were so few." recognize Jewish life and ... to recount no means unimpeded. It is only too easy to see the imperfec­ both as if it were the Jewish voice itself" Prayerbook reform is the subject of an tions in this volume. A collection of - thus echoing similar views expressed in interesting study in which the author contributions by many writers inevitably recent years in this country. In the same deals in detail with the history of the suffers from a degree of unevenness. Not context. Professor Ellenson of the Hebrew Einheitsgebetbuch, a project inspired by all the writing is equally persuasive. The Union College of Los Angeles presents a the desire to get away from the prevailing question of whether or not there ever was well-documented study of the influence of "religious local patriotism" and to a German-Jewish symbiosis is not really Kantian philosophy on German-Jewish re­ achieve a unit of liturgy, at least within answered. But, all these points notwith­ ligious Orthodoxy. the mainstream "Liberal" communities. standing, this is a highly readable book. There follow five essays on the history Even when this "union prayer book" was D David Maier of German Jewry from the days of Moses finally adopted in 1929, it appeared in Mendelssohn. This is arguably the most separate editions, one each for Berlin, Frankfurt and Breslau. As it turned out, New law for new crime nine years later most of the synagogues Neo-Nazis and revisionist historians who which used it were destroyed. But the deny that the Holocaust happened could PARTNER prayer book served in congregations face up to five years in prison under laws funded by refugees and influenced more passed by the Bundestag in September. in long established English Solicitors recent liturgical developments. Less A new Bill provides tougher measures (bi-lingual German) would be happy happy, perhaps, was the experience of to punish Neo-Nazis. to assist clients with English, German some members of the "refugees Yossi Beilin, the Israeli Deputy Foreign and Austrian problems. Contact rabbinate" who did not find it altogether Minister, said on a visit to Bonn that easy to adapt themselves to their new criminalising the so-called "Auschwitz Henry Ebner communities. lie" was important. Two authors, one Christian, one Jewish, The bill also permits intelligence gath­ at discuss the intellectual aspects of modern ered by the domestic intelligence service Jewish theology in the German-Jewish (BND), including information gathered Myers Ebner & Deaner context. The first suggests that it was his by international telephone tapping, to be 103 Shepherds Bush Road essential "rootedness in German culture passed to domestic investigating authori­ London W6 7LP and language", even after 1933, which al­ ties. lowed Martin Buber to exercise so great Manfred Kanther, the Interior Minister Telephone 071 602 4631 an influence on both Jews and non-Jews of the Christian Democrats, described the in his endeavour to revive the Jewish faith legislation as "the utilisation of different ALL LEGAL WORK UNDERTAKEN in the face of scepticism. methods to fight a new criminal The second essay reviews the work of phenomenon". D

Published by the Association olJewish Refugees in Great Britain, 1 Hampstead Gate. 1A Frognal. London NW3 6ALTel: 071-431 6161 Fax: 071-431 8454 Printed in Great Britain by Freedman Brothers (Printers) Ltd. London. Tel: 081 -458 3220 Fax: 081-455 6860