ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT

Development of New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh

Project Proponent Airport Authority of India Civil Air Terminal, Agra Airport, Agra-282001, Uttar Pradesh

NABET Accredited Environmental Consultant EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Table of Contents

Table of Contents

Undertaking by Airports Authority of India (AAI) Declaration by ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd. Declaration by Experts Compliance of TOR Compliance of Standard TOR

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1.1 Preamble 1-1 1.2 Importance and Benefits of the Proposed Civil Enclave 1-2 1.3 Need and Process of Environmental Clearance 1-3 1.4 Regulatory Compliance Requirement 1-3 1.5 Terms of Reference (TOR) 1-6 1.5.1 Location of Proposed Civil Enclave 1-12 1.5.2 Geographical Conditions of the Study Area 1-12 1.5.3 Environmental Setting of The Project Site 1-12 1.6 Structure of Environmental Impact Assessment Report 1-16

CHAPTER 2 : DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT

2.1 Introduction 2-1 2.2 Project Site Details of Proposed Civil Enclave 2-1 2.3 Master Plan for Proposed Civil Enclave 2-1 2.4 Scope for Proposed Civil Enclave at Agra 2-2 2.5 Land for Proposed Civil Enclave 2-8 2.6 Proposed Terminal Building 2-9 2.7 Raw Materials Requirements for Project 2-9 2.8 Cutting & Filling 2-9 2.9 Status of Regulatory Compliances for Proposed Civil Enclave 2-10 2.10 GRIHA Rating for Proposed Terminal Building 2-10 2.11 Parking Facilities and Traffic Circulation Plan 2-10 2.12 Drainage Plan for Site 2-10 2.13 Fire Fighting Facilities 2-17 2.14 Power Requirement 2-17 2.15 Natural Gas Storage for Power Generators 2-17 2.16 HVAC Requirement 2-17 2.16.1 Design Considerations 2-17 2.16.2 Energy Efficient 2-18 2.16.3 Flexibility 2-18 2.16.4 Control System 2-18 2.16.5 System design (Ventilation & Miscellaneous) 2-19 2.16.6 Building Management System (BMS) 2-19 2.17 Construction Materials 2-19 2.18 Cargo Handling at Proposed Civil Enclave 2-19 2.18.1 Acceptance of Cargo 2-19 2.18.2 Cargo Manifesting 2-21 2.18.3 Dangerous Goods 2-21 2.18.4 Handling of Toxic (RPB) and Infectious Substances (RIS) 2-22 2.18.5 Perishable Cargo 2-23 2.18.6 Disposal of Unclaimed or Leaked Cargo 2-24 2.19 Water Requirement and Its Management 2-24 2.19.1 Expected Population per Day at Proposed Civil Enclave 2-24 2.19.2 Total Water Required 2-25

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited i EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Table of Contents

2.19.3 Sources of Water 2-25 2.19.4 Disposal of Treated Waste Water 2-25 2.20 Sources of Pollution and Its Control 2-25 2.21 Connectivity 2-28 2.22 Project Cost and Time for Completion 2-29 2.23 Manpower Requirement 2-29

CHAPTER 3 : DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

3.1 Introduction 3-1 3.2 Topography and Physiography 3-1 3.3 Geology of The Area 3-2 3.4 Natural Hazards and Disaster Risk 3-2 3.5 Soil of the Study Area 3-3 3.5.1 Soil Characteristics 3-3 3.6 Hydrogeology of the Study Area 3-7 3.6.1 Hydrogeological Set-up 3-7 3.6.2 Drainage Pattern 3-7 3.7 Water Resources 3-8 3.7.1 Eligibility for Ground Water Abstract for Proposed Civil Enclave 3-8 3.8 Water Quality in Study Area 3-8 3.8.1 Ground Water Quality in Study Area 3-8 3.8.2 Surface Water Quality in Study Area 3-15 3.9 Climatology and Meteorology 3-20 3.9.1 Introduction 3-20 3.9.2 Climatology 3-21 3.9.3 Micro Meteorological Data for the Site 3-26 3.10 Ambient Air Quality 3-28 3.10.1 Introduction 3-28 3.10.2 Methodology of Monitoring and Analysis 3-28 3.10.3 National Ambient Air Quality Standards 3-32 3.10.4 Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Locations 3-33 3.10.5 Results of Ambient Air Quality Monitoring 3-33 3.10.6 Ambient Air Quality Status 3-36 3.11 Ambient Noise Levels 3-47 3.11.1 Introduction 3-47 3.11.2 Methodology 3-47 3.11.3 Equivalent Sound Energy Level or Leq 3-47 3.11.4 Day and Night Time Leq Noise levels 3-48 3.12 Land Use & Land Cover through Satellite Imagery Interpretation 3-50 3.13 Biological Environment 3-50 3.13.1 Introduction 3-50 3.13.2 Flora of the Area 3-53 3.13.3 Terrestrial Ecology of the Study Area 3-53 3.13.4 Terrestrial Fauna in the Study Area 3-56 3.13.5 Rare, Endangered and Threatened Species 3-57 3.13.6 National Park and Wildlife Sanctuary 3-57 3.13.7 Protected Areas 3-57 3.14 Socio-Economic Environment 3-58 3.14.1 Introduction 3-58 3.14.2 Demographic and Occupational Pattern of Agra District 3-58 3.14.3 Demographics Details of the Settlements in the Study Area 3-60 3.14.4 Socio-Economic Status of the Study Area 3-61 3.14.5 Living Standards and Infrastructure 3-62 3.15 Archaeological Monuments in the Study Area 3-63

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited ii EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Table of Contents

CHAPTER 4: ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES

4.1 Introduction 4-1 4.2 Anticipated Impact and Mitigation Measures for Pre-Construction Phase 4-5 4.3 Anticipated Impact and Mitigation Measures for Construction Phase 4-5 4.3.1 Topography & Physiography 4-5 4.3.2 Land Use Pattern 4-6 4.3.3 Soil Quality 4-7 4.3.4 Drainage Pattern 4-8 4.3.5 Flood as Natural Disaster 4-9 4.3.6 Water Resources 4-10 4.3.7 Water Quality 4-10 4.3.8 Ambient Air Quality 4-12 4.3.9 Noise Levels 4-14 4.3.10 Terrestrial Ecology 4-17 4.3.11 Occupational Safety and Health 4-18 4.3.12 Socio-Economic Environment 4-19 4.4 Operation Phase 4-21 4.4.1 Topography and Physiography 4-22 4.4.2 Water Resources 4-22 4.4.3 Water Quality 4-23 4.4.4 Soil 4-24 4.4.5 Ambient Air Quality 4-26 4.4.6 Noise Levels 4-34 4.4.7 Traffic Management and Parking Facilities 4-37 4.4.8 Terrestrial Ecology 4-38 4.4.9 Heritage Structures 4-38 4.4.10 Occupational Hazards and Safety 4-39 4.4.11 Impacts to Socio-Economic Environment 4-41

CHAPTER 5: ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES

5.1 Introduction 5-1 5.2 Alternative of Project Site 5-1 5.3 Alternative for Proposed Terminal Building 5-2 5.4 Natural Gas Operated Power Generators in place of DG Sets 5-2 5.5 Alternative for Energy Conservation Measures 5-2 5.6 Alternative for Green Building 5-3 5.7 Sanitary Fixtures And Toilet Accessories 5-3

CHAPTER 6 : ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN

6.1 Statutory Compliance /Returns 6-1 6.2 Environmental Monitoring 6-1 6.2.1 Ambient Air Quality (AAQ) Monitoring 6-2 6.2.2 Water Quality Monitoring 6-2 6.2.3 Noise Levels Monitoring 6-2 6.2.4 Soil 6-5 6.3 Environmental Reporting System 6-8 6.4 Environmental Monitoring Cost 6-9

CHAPTER 7 : RISK ASSESSMENT AND DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited iii EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Table of Contents

7.1 Introduction 7-1 7.2 Approach for the Risk Analysis 7-2 7.3 Hazard Identification 7-2 7.3.1 Introduction 7-2 7.3.2 Identification of Hazards Due to Storage of Natural Gas In Cascade 7-3 7.3.3 Identification of Hazards Based on MSIHC Rule, 2000 7-4 7.3.4 Maximum Credible Accident Analysis (MCAA) 7-7 7.3.5 Scenarios Considered for MCA Analysis 7-8 7.3.6 Risk Mitigation Measures 7-9 7.4 Disaster Management Plan 7-10 7.4.1 Objective of Emergency Planning 7-10 7.4.2 Categorization of Emergencies 7-11 7.4.3 Key Functions of Airport Director and Other Supporting Organizations/ 7-11 Agencies/Services for mitigation of emergency at the proposed civil enclave at Agra 7.4.4 Emergency Operations/Coordination Centers Established for Mitigation of 7-13 Emergencies 7.4.5 Media Management 7-15 7.4.6 Emergency Procedures 7-16 7.5 Training and Education 7-18 7.6 Mock Drills and Exercises 7-18 7.7 Updating of Emergency Plan 7-20 7.8 Social Impact Assessment and R&R Action Plan 7-20 7.9 Public Hearing for New Civil Enclave at Agra 7-21 7.10 Compliance of Taj Trapezium Zone (TTZ) Notification 7-21

CHAPTER 8: PROJECT BENEFITS

8.1 General 8-1 8.2 Direct and Indirect Benefits 8-1

CHAPTER 9 ENVIRONMENTAL COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS

9.1 General 9-1

CHAPTER 10: ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

10.1 Introduction 10-1 10.2 Environmental Management Measures 10-1 10.2.1 Soil 10-1 10.2.2 Water Quality 10-2 10.2.3 Solid Waste Management 10-12 10.2.4 Air Quality 10-15 10.2.5 Noise Levels 10-16 10.2.6 Vehicle Parking and Traffic Management 10-17 10.2.7 Traffic Management and Traffic Decongestion Plan 10-17 10.2.8 Plan for Use of Fly Ash in the Project 10-20 10.2.9 Bio Medical Wastes Management 10-20 10.2.10 Measures and Materials used for Reduction in Carbon Foot Print 10-20 10.2.11 Rain Water Harvesting 10-25 10.2.12 Green Belt and Landscape Plan for proposed Civil Enclave 10-26 10.2.13 Demographic and Socio-Economic Environment 10-30 10.2.14 Management Plan for Regulation of Unauthorized Development and 10-31 Encroachments

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited iv EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Table of Contents

10.2.15 Fire Protection Measures 10-31 10.3 Environmental Management Plan 10-31 10.3.1 Environmental Management Cell (EMC) 10-32 10.3.2 Training 10-33 10.3.3 Grievance Redressal Mechanism 10-49 10.3.4 Reporting and Monitoring System 10-49 10.4 Corporate Environmental Responsibility Initiatives 10-50 10.5 Budget for Environmental Management and Monitoring Plan 10-52

CHAPTER 11: SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS

11.1 Introduction 11-1 11.2 Description of Project 11-1 11.2.1 Importance and Benefits of the Proposed Civil Enclave 11-1 11.2.2 Broad Scope for Proposed Civil Enclave 11-2 11.3 Description Of Environment 11-3 11.4 Anticipated Environmental Impacts & Mitigation Measures 11-5 11.5 Analysis of Alternatives 11-10 11.6 Environmental Monitoring Plan 11-10 11.7 Risk Assessment & Disaster Management Plan 11-10 11.8 Project Benefits 11-11 11.9 Environmental Management Plan 11-11 11.9.1 Budget for Environmental Management and Monitoring Plan 11-12

CHAPTER 12: DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANTS ENGAGED

12.1 Disclosure of Consultant Engaged 12-1 12.2 Expertise of ABC Techno Lab India Private Limited 12-2 12.3 NABET Accredited Environmental Experts Team for EIA Study 12-3

Annexures

Annexure 1: Terms of Reference issued by Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change Annexure 2: Action Taken Report and MOM with Attendance Sheet of Public Hearing Annexure 3: Copy of Application Submitted to TTZ Authority Annexure 4: Eligibility for Ground Water Abstract for Proposed Civil Enclave at Agra

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited v EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Table of Contents

LIST OF TABLES

CHAPTER 1 : INTRODUCTION

Table 1.1 Environmental Setting of The Project Site 1-16

CHAPTER 2 : PROJECT DESCRIPTION Table 2.1 Area Statement for Proposed Civil Enclave at Agra 2-2 Table 2.2 Water Requirement Calculations for Proposed Civil Enclave at Agra 2-27 Table 2.3 Summary of Water Requirement for Proposed Civil Enclave at Agra 2-28 Table 2.4 Estimated Manpower Requirement for Proposed Civil Enclave 2-29

CHAPTER 3 : DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

Table 3.1 Soil Sampling Locations 3-4 Table 3.2 Soil Characteristics of the Study Area 3-6 Table 3.3 Ground and Surface Water Sampling Locations 3-9 Table 3.4 Indian Standard Specification for Drinking Water 3-11 Table 3.5 Ground Water Quality in the Study Area during Study Period 3-17 Table 3.6 Analysis Results of Surface Water Samples 3-19 Table 3.7 Highest and Lowest Temperatures in the Area 3-22 Table 3.8 Rainfall data for The Area 3-23 Table 3.9 Wind Speed in the Area 3-24 Table 3.10 Wind Direction in the Area 3-25 Table 3.11 Special Weather Phenomena in the Area 3-26 Table 3.12 Summary of Micrometeorological Conditions at the site 3-26 Table 3.13 Techniques Used For Ambient Air Quality Monitoring 3-29 Table 3.14 National Ambient Air Quality Standards 3-32 Table 3.15 Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Stations 3-33 Table 3.16 Ambient Air Quality at Project Site (Balhera) (AAQM 1) 3-37 Table 3.17 Ambient Air Quality at Abhaypura (AAQM 2) 3-38 Table 3.18 Ambient Air Quality at Barara (AAQM3) 3-39 Table 3.19 Ambient Air Quality at Patholi Village (AAQM4) 3-40 Table 3.20 Ambient Air Quality at Dhanauli (AAQM5) 3-41 Table 3.21 Ambient Air Quality at Prithivinath Shahganj (AAQM6) 3-42 Table 3.22 Ambient Air Quality at Bamrauli Ahir (AAQM7) 3-43 Table 3.23 Ambient Air Quality at Syam Nagar ( (AAQM8) 3-44 Table 3.24 Summary of Ambient Air Quality for The Study Area 3-45 Table 3.25 Noise Levels Monitoring Stations in the Study Area 3-48 Table 3.26 Day and Night time Leq for Ambient Noise Levels 3-48 Table 3.27 Landuse and Land Cover for 10 km Study Area 3-50 Table 3.28 Flora Observed in the Study Area 3-54 Table 3.29 Herbs and Shrubs species in the Study Area 3-55 Table 3.30 Grasses species found in the Study Area 3-56 Table 3.31 Wild Fauna Species found in the Study Area 3-57 Table 3.32 Demographic & Occupational Pattern of Agra District 3-59 Table 3.33 Demographic Details of the Study Area 3-64 Table 3.34 Occupational Pattern of the Study Area 3-67

CHAPTER 4 : ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES

Table 4.1 Impact Assessment Rating Matrix 4-3 Table 4.2 Impact Assessment Rating Matrix 4-4

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited vi EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Table of Contents

Table 4.3 Typical Noise Levels of Construction Equipment 4-14 Table 4.4 Noise Modelling Results 4-16 Table 4.5 Estimated Aircraft Emissions for Civil Enclave at Agra 4-26 Table 4.6 Emissions From DG Set Stack 4-27 Table 4.7 Estimated Vehicular Emission At the Proposed Civil Enclave 4-28 Table 4.8 Total Emission Sources and Emission Rates 4-28 Table 4.9 Predicted 24-Hourly Short Term Incremental Concentrations 4-30 Table 4.10 Noise Levels And Area of Influence 4-35

CHAPTER 6 : ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAMME

Table 6.1 Environmental Monitoring Plan for the proposed Civil Enclave at Agra 6-6 Table 6.2 Cost of Environmental Monitoring 6-10

CHAPTER 7: RISK ASSESSMENT & DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

Table 7.1 Damage Effects due to Overpressures 7-6 Table 7.2 Illustrative Damage Effects due to Overpressures 7-6 Table 7.3 Selected Scenarios for Consequence Calculations 7-8

CHAPTER 10 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

Table 10.1 Design Calculation for MBBR Technology based STP (300 kld) 10-4 Table 10.2 Details of Traffic Survey on Roads Connected to site of the Proposed Civil 10-18 Enclave at Agra Table 10.3 Bill of Materials for for 150 kWp 10-22 Table 10.4 Details of Solar Module 10-23 Table 10.5 Rainwater Harvesting Calculations for Proposed Civil Enclave 10-26 Table 10.6 The List of Trees for Green Belt/Plantation 10-27 Table 10.7 The List of Shrubs Landscaping 10-30 Table 10.8 Environmental Management Plan for Proposed Civil Enclave at Agra 10-34 Table 10.9 Budget for Implementation of Environmental Management Plan 10-53

CHAPTER 12 : DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANT ENGAGED

Table 12.1 NABET Accredited Team for EIA Study 12-3

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited vii EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Table of Contents

LIST OF FIGURES CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION

Figure 1.1 Stages to obtain the Prior Environmental Clearance 1-5 Figure 1.2 Index Map of Proposed Civil Enclave at Agra 1-13 Figure 1.3 10 Km Study Area on Google for Proposed Civil Enclave at Agra 1-14 Figure 1.4 10 Km Study Area for Proposed Project on SOI Toposheet 1-15

CHAPTER 2 : DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT

Figure 2.1 Site Plan for Proposed Civil Enclave at Agra 2-3 Figure 2.2 Layout Plan for Terminal Building at Proposed Civil Enclave at Agra 2-4 Figure 2.3 Ground Floor Plan for Terminal Building at Proposed Civil Enclave at Agra 2-11 Figure 2.4 Mezz Floor Plan for Terminal Building at Proposed Civil Enclave at Agra 2-12 Figure 2.5 First Floor Plan for Terminal Building at Proposed Civil Enclave at Agra 2-13 Figure 2.6 Basement Plan for Terminal Building at Proposed Civil Enclave at Agra 2-14 Figure 2.7 Elevation for Terminal Building at Proposed Civil Enclave at Agra 2-15 Figure 2.8 Section for Terminal Building at Proposed Civil Enclave at Agra 2-16

CHAPTER 3 : DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

Figure 3.1 Seismo-Tectonic/Earthquake in The Area 3-3 Figure 3.2 Soil Sampling Locations of the Study Area 3-5 Figure 3.3 Ground and Surface Water Sampling Locations 3-10 Figure 3.4 Maximum and Minimum Temperature 3-22 Figure 3.5 Monthly Relative Humidity 3-23 Figure 3.6 Rainfall Data for The Area 3-23 Figure 3.7 Rainy days for The Area 3-24 Figure 3.8 Monthly Wind Speed In the Area 3-24 Figure 3.9 Day Time Wind Rose Diagram of the Study Area 3-30 Figure 3.10 Night Time Wind Rose Diagram of the Study Area 3-31 Figure 3.11 Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Locations of the Study Area 3-34 Figure 3.12 Noise Monitoring Locations of the Study Area 3-49 Figure 3.13 FCC of the Study Area 3-51 Figure 3.14 Landuse and Land Cover of the Study Area Through Satellite Imagery 3-52

CHAPTER 4 : ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES

Figure 4.1 Attenuation of Noise from Source during Construction 4-16 Figure 4.2 Predicted Level Concentrations for NO2 4-32 Figure 4.3 Predicted Level Concentrations for PM 4-33

CHAPTER 10 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

Figure 10.1 Schematic Diagram for MBBR Based Sewage Treatment Plant 10-14 Figure 10.2 Rain Water Harvesting Pit Design for Proposed Civil Enclave 10-28 Figure 10.3 Landscaping and Green Belt Plan for Proposed Civil Enclave at Agra 10-29 Figure 10.4 Organogram for Environmental Management Cell 10-32

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited viii

EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh TOR Compliance

Compliance of Terms of Reference Issued by MOEF&CC vide F. No. 10-27/2018-IA-III dated 17th May 2018 for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Sn. TOR Points Compliance (i) Importance and benefits of the Refer Section 1.2 (Page 1-2) of Chapter project. 1 and Section 8.2 (Page 8-1) of Chapter 8 of EIA Report. (ii) Necessary permission from Taj AAI has already submitted application on Trapezium Zone Authority (TTZA). 9 July 2018 for permission from TTZ Authority.

Details are given in Section 7.10 (Page 7-21) of Chapter 7 of EIA Report. (iii) The EIA would address to the At the proposed civil enclave natural gas conformity of the project proposals operated power generators will be used. to the orders of the NGT/TTZ and the Natural gas be stored in Cylinder Hon'ble Supreme Court in the matter Cascade. of new or expansion project in the TTZ area Details are given in Section 7.10 (Page 7-21) of Chapter 7 of EIA Report. (iv) The EIA will give a justification for For designing of Proposed Civil Enclave land requirements along with a National Building Code and ICAO comparison to the guidelines guidelines have been followed. Section established by the Airport Authority 2.3 (Page 2-1) of Chapter 2 of EIA of India/ Ministry of Civil Aviation in Report. this regard. (v) The EIA. will give a complete status Agra Airport was established in 1947. and compliance report with regards Present airport is located within air force to any earlier E.C. granted and base. Therefore, environmental is not permissions and consents from the available. Section 1.1 (Page 1-1) of Pollution Control Boards for the Chapter 2 of EIA Report. existing facilities. (vi) Copy of Consent for Establishment The proposed project is new Civil (CFE) and Consent for Operation Enclave out side the Indian Airforce (CFO) issued for existing facility. base. Therefore, Consent to Established and Consent to Operate will be obtained as per regulations after obtaining Environmental Clearance. (vii) A toposheet of the study area of Survey of India Toposheets for the radius of 10 km and site location on project area are restrict for photocopy 1:50,000/ 1:25,000 scale on an and reproduction. Therefore, 10 Km A3/A2 sheet (including all eco- study area based on SOI Toposheets has sensitive areas and environmentally been prepared and shown in Section sensitive places). 1.5.2, Figure 1.4 (Page 1-15) of Chapter 1. There is no wildlife sanctuary, national

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited C-i EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh TOR Compliance

Sn. TOR Points Compliance park or other protected area within 10 km distance from the Proposed Civil Enclave at Agra. However, project is located in Taj Trapezium Zone (TTZ) 10.1 km away from Taj Mahal. (viii) Layout maps of proposed project Site plan, layout maps for New Civil indicating runway, airport building, Enclave and terminal building plans, parking, greenbelt area, utilities etc. elevation, section are given in Figure 2.2, to 2.8 (Page 2-4 and Page 2-11 to 2-15), respectively of Chapter 2 (ix) Cost of project and time of Approx. cost for proposed civil enclave completion. is estimated Rs 300 Crores. Refer section 2.22 (Page 2-29) of Chapter 2. The project will be completed within 24 months. (x) The impacts of demolition and the It is green field project, therefore, no activities related thereto shall be demolition will be generated. examined and a management plan drawn up to conform to the Construction and Demolition rules under the E.P. Act, 1986. (xi) The report shall examine the details Refer Section 2.8 (Page 2-9) of Chapter of excavations, its impacts and the 2 of EIA Report. No major cutting is impacts of transport of excavated required at the site. material. A detailed Management Plan shall be suggested. (xii) An assessment of the cumulative Traffic Management and Traffic impact of all development and Decongestion Plan is given Section increased inhabitation being carried 10.2.7 (Page 10-17) of Chapter 10 of EIA out or proposed to be carried out by Report the project or other agencies in the core area, shall be made for traffic densities and parking capabilities in a 05 kms radius from the site. A detailed traffic management and a traffic decongestion plan drawn up through an organization of repute and specializing in Transport Planning shall be submitted with the EIA. The Plan to be implemented to the satisfaction of the State Urban Development and Transport Departments shall also include the consent of all the concerned implementing agencies..

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited C-ii EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh TOR Compliance

Sn. TOR Points Compliance (xiii) The E.I.A. should specifically address Traffic Management and Traffic to vehicular traffic management as Decongestion Plan is given Section well as estimation of vehicular 10.2.7 (Page 10-17) of Chapter 10 of EIA parking area inside the Airport Report premises. (xiv) An onsite disaster management plan Onsite disaster management plan are shall be drawn up to account for risks given in Chapter 7 of EIA Report. and accidents. This onsite plan shall be dovetailed with the onsite management plan for the district. (xv) A note on appropriate process and Details of reduction in carbon foot print, materials to be used to encourage Energy conservation measures, solar reduction in carbon foot print. power generation are given in Section Optimize use of energy systems in 10.2.10 (Page 10-20 to 10-25) of buildings that should maintain a Chapter 10. More than 30% energy specified indoor environment saving is planned for the proposed Civil conducive to the functional Enclave. requirements of the building by following mandatory compliance measures (for all applicable buildings) as recommended in the Energy Conservation Building Code (ECBC) 2017 of the Bureau of Energy Efficiency, Government of India. The energy system includes air conditioning systems, indoor lighting systems, water heaters, air heaters and air circulation devices. (xvi) Details shall be provided regarding It is proposed that 150 KW solar power the solar generation proposed and generation plant will be established at the extent of substitution, along with the airport to produce clean energy. compliance to the ECBC rules. Details are given in 10.2.10 (Page 10- 20 to 10-25) of Chapter 10 of EIA Report. (xvii) Details of emission, effluents, solid Details of emission, effluents, solid waste waste and hazardous waste and hazardous waste generation and generation and their management. their management is given in Chapter 4 Air quality modelling and noise of EIA Report. modelling shall be carried out for the emissions from various types of Air quality modelling and noise modelling aircraft. for the emissions from various types of aircraft is given in Section 4.4.5 (Page 4- 26) of Chapter 4 of EIA Report. (xviii) The impact of aircraft emissions in Details are given in Section 4.4.5 (Page different scenarios of idling, taxiing, 4-26) of Chapter 4 of EIA Report. take off and touchdown shall be

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited C-iii EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh TOR Compliance

Sn. TOR Points Compliance examined and a management plan suggested. (xix) The impact of air emissions from Details are given in Section 4.4.5 (Page speed controlled and other vehicles 4-26) of Chapter 4 of EIA Report. plying within the Airport shall be examined and management plan drawn up. (xx) The management plan will include Details of Biomedical Waste compliance to the provisions of Management are given in Section 10.2.9 Biomedical Waste Management (Page 10-20) of Chapter 10 of EIA rules, 2016. Report (xxi) A detailed management plan, drawn Details are given in Section 10.2.14 up in consultation with the (Page 10-31) of Chapter 10 of EIA competent District Authorities, shall Report be submitted for the regulation of unauthorized development and encroachments within a 05 Km radians of the Airport. (xxii) The E.I.A. will also examine the Details are given in Section 10.2.2 (Page impacts of construction and 10-2) of Chapter 10 of EIA Report operation of the proposed STP and draw up a detailed plan for management including that for odour control. (xxiii) Classify all Cargo handled as Details of Cargo Handling at the perishable, explosive, solid, Proposed New Civil Enclave are given in petroleum products, Hazardous Section 2.18.2 (Page 2-19) of Chapter 2 Waste, Hazardous Chemical, of EIA Report. Potential Air Pollutant, Potential Water Pollutant etc. and put up a handling and disposal management plan. (xxiv) Noise monitoring and impact Noise monitoring was carried in the assessment shall be done for each study area. Same has been given in representative area (as per the Noise Section 3.11 (Page 3-47) of Chapter 3. Rules of MoEF&CC). A noise Noise modelling details and mitigation management plan shall be submitted measures are given in 4.3.9 (Page 4-14) to conform to the guidelines of the and Section 4.4.6 (Page 4-34) of Chapter MoEF&CC and the DGCA. 4 of EIA Report. (xxv) Noise monitoring shall be carried out Noise monitoring was carried in the in the funnel area of flight path. study area. Same has been given in Section 3.11 (Page 3-47) of Chapter 3 of EIA Report. (xxvi) Requirement of water, power, with Requirement of water, power, with source of supply, status of approval, source of supply, status of approval,

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited C-iv EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh TOR Compliance

Sn. TOR Points Compliance water balance diagram, man-power water balance diagram are given in requirement (regular and contract). Section 2.19 (Page 2-24) of EIA Report. Details of man-power requirement (regular and contract) are given in Section 2.23 (Page 2-29) of Chapter 2 of EIA Report. (xxvii) Ground water abstraction and rain Details are given in Section 2.19 (Page water recharge shall be as prescribed 2-24) of Chapter 2, Section 3.7 (Page by the CGWA. A clearance/ 3.8) and Section 10.2.11 (Page 10-25) permission of the CGWA shall be of EIA Report. obtained in this regards. (xxviii) A NOC from the Central Ground This green field project. Refer Section water Authority for the ground water 3.7 (Page 3.8) of Chapter 3 of EIA being currently abstracted in the Report. existing airport shall be submitted. (xxix) The project proponents will examine At the proposed civil enclave at Agra, the possibility of gas based standby natural gas-based power generators will power generation and the availability be provided. Natural gas will be stored in of Gas with reference to the orders Cylinder Cascades. of the Hon'ble Supreme Court in the matter. Refer Section 2.15 (Page 2.17) of Chapter 2 of EIA Report. (xxx) The project proponents will examine No, HSD operated DG sets are not and submit whether diesel permitted as per TTZA. Therefore, at the generating sets are permitted in the proposed civil enclave at Agra, natural area. gas-based power generators will be provided. Natural gas will be stored in Cascades. Refer Section 2.15 (Page 2.17) of Chapter 2 of EIA Report. (xxxi) Details of fuel tank farm and its risk ATF storage and filling at proposed Civil assessment. Enclave will be managed by Public Sector Oil Companies as per OISD and PNGRB guidelines. Refer 7.3.3 at page 7.4 of Chapter 7 of EIA report. (xxxii) The E.I.A. should present details on Details are given in Section 10.2.8 (Page the compliance of the project to the 10-20) of Chapter 10 of EIA Report. Fly Ash notification issued under the E.P. Act of 1986. (xxxiii) The report should give a detailed Details are given in Section 10.2.3 (Page impact analysis and management 10-12) of Chapter 10 of EIA Report. plan for handling of the following wastes for the existing and proposed scenarios.

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited C-v EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh TOR Compliance

Sn. TOR Points Compliance (a) Trash collected in flight and disposed Details are given in Section 10.2.3 (Page at the Airport including the 10-12) of Chapter 10 of EIA Report. segregation mechanism. (b) Toilet wastes and sewage collected Details are given in Section 10.2.3 (Page from aircrafts and disposed at the 10-12) of Chapter 10 of EIA Report. Airport. (c) Maintenance and workshop wastes. Details are given in Section 10.2.3 (Page 10-12) of Chapter 10 of EIA Report. (d) Wastes arising out of eateries and Details are given in Section 10.2.3 (Page shops situated within the airport. 10-12) of Chapter 10 of EIA Report. (xxxiv) Any litigation pending against the No litigation is pending against the project and/or any direction/order project. passed by any Court of Law against the project, if so, details thereof shall also be included. Has the unit received any notice under the Section 5 of Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 or relevant Sections of Air and Water Acts? If so, details thereof and compliance/ATR to the notice(s) and present status of the case. (xxxv) Plan for Corporate Environment Details are given in Section 10.4 (Page Responsibility (CER) as specified 10-50) of Chapter 10 of EIA Report. under Ministry's Office Memorandum vide F.No. 22-65/2017-IA.III dated AAI has allocated budget of Rs 4.5. 1st May 2018 shall be prepared and Crores (1.5 % of total project cost for submitted along with EIA Report. green field) for Corporate Environmental Responsibility Initiatives for surrounding areas of the proposed Civil Enclave. The proposed activities under CER will be undertaken in consultation District Collector. (xxxvi) Public hearing to be conducted and The public hearing for the development issues raised and commitments of New Civil Enclave at Agra in Uttar made by the project proponent on Pradesh was conducted on 6 the same should be included in September 2018 at 3.30 PM at the site EIA/EMP Report in the form of by Uttar Pradesh Pollution Control tabular chart with financial budget Board. Total 38 people attended public for complying with the commitments hearing. made. Details are given in Section 7.9 (Page 7- 21) of Chapter 7 of EIA Report.

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited C-vi EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh TOR Compliance

Sn. TOR Points Compliance (xxxvii) A tabular chart with index for point Tabular chart with index for point wise wise compliance of above ToR. compliance of above ToRs are enclosed in the beginning of EIA Report.

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited C-vii EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Standard TOR Compliance

Compliance of Standards Terms of Reference issued by MOEF&CC, vide F. No. 10-27/2018-IA-Ill dated 17 May 2018 after considering during 30th meeting of EAC (Infra-2) held on 18-20 April 2018 for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Sn. TOR Points Compliance 1) Reasons for selecting the site with The site of proposed civil enclave is details of alternate sites examined/ located adjacent to existing Agra rejected/ selected on merit with Airforce Base. 49.8 Acres of land for comparative statement and Civil Enclave have been transferred reason/basis for selection. The by State Govt. to Airports Authority examination should justify site of India. suitability in terms of environmental angle, resources sustainability The proposed civil enclave will be associated with selected site as located to adjacent to Airforce base. compared to rejected sites. The Therefore, selection of site was not analysis should include parameters applicable. considered along with weightage criteria for short-listing selected site. The details have been summarized in Section 1.1 of Chapter 1 of the EIA report at Page 1-1. 2) Details of the land use break-up for 49.8 Acres of land for New Civil the proposed project. Details of land Enclave at Agra have been use around 10 km radius of the transferred by State Govt. to project site. Examine and submit Airports Authority of India. detail of land use around 10 km radius of the project site and map of There is no wildlife sanctuary, the project area and 10 km area national park or any other ecological from boundary of the proposed/ sensitive area with 10 km distance. existing project area, delineating project areas notified under the wild There is no critically polluted areas life (Protection) Act, 1972/ critically as identified by the CPCB from time polluted areas as identified by the to time or interstate boundaries and CPCB from time to time/notified eco- international boundaries with 10 km sensitive areas/inter state distance from the site. boundaries and international boundaries. Analysis should be However, project is located in Taj made based on latest satellite Trapezium Zone (TTZ) 10.1 km away from Taj Mahal.

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited STC-i EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Standard TOR Compliance

Sn. TOR Points Compliance imagery for land use with raw The details have been summarized images. in Section 2.3 and 2.5 at page 2-1 and 2-8 of Chapter 2 and Section 3.12 at Page 3-50 of Chapter 3 of the EIA report. 3) Submit the present land use and No forest or agricultural land is permission required for any required for the construction of conversion such as forest, proposed civil enclave at Agra as agriculture etc. land acquisition 49.8 Acres of land for Civil Enclave status, rehabilitation of have been transferred by State communities/ villages and present Govt. to Airports Authority of India. status of such activities The details have been summarized in Section 2.3 at page 2-1 of Chapter 2 4) Examine and submit the water Within the site for proposed civil bodies including the seasonal ones enclave at Agra, no water bodies within the corridor of impacts along including the seasonal one will be with their status, volumetric affected. capacity, quality likely impacts on them due to the project. 5. Submit a copy of the contour plan The site for proposed civil enclave at with slopes, drainage pattern of the Agra is plain land. site and surrounding area 6. Submit details of environmentally There is no wildlife sanctuary, sensitive places, land acquisition national park or any other ecological status, rehabilitation of sensitive area with 10 km distance. communities/ villages and present status of such activities. The project site is located in Taj Trapezium Zone (TTZ) and 10.1 km away from Taj Mahal.

7 Examine the impact of proposed Detailed environmental impact project on the nearest settlements. assessment has been carried out for construction and operation phases of proposed construction of proposed civil enclave at Agra. Same

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited STC-ii EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Standard TOR Compliance

Sn. TOR Points Compliance has been presented in Chapter 4 of EIA Report. 8 Examine baseline environmental Baseline environmental quality in the quality along with projected study area during the study period is incremental load due to the given in Section 3.10 at page 3-28 of proposed project/ activities Chapter 3 of the EIA Report.

Incremental emissions loads due to the proposed project have been computed and are given in Section 4.4.5 of Chapter 4 at page 4-26 of the EIA Report. 9 Examine and submit details of The site for proposed civil enclave at levels, quantity required for filling, Agra is plain land. Therefore, no source of filling material and significant cutting & filling of earth transportation details etc. Submit will be required. details of a comprehensive Risk Assessment and Disaster The details have been summarized Management Plan including in Section 2.8 in Chapter 2 of the emergency evacuation during EIA report at page 2-9. natural and man-made disaster integrating with existing airport Risk Assessment and Disaster Management Plan have been given in Chapter 7 of the EIA Report. 10 Examine road/rail connectivity to the The proposed civil enclave will be project site and impact on the approached from Agra-Kagrol Road existing traffic network due to the and, which is adjacent. proposed project/ activities. A detailed traffic and transportation The details have been summarized study should be made for existing in Section 10.2.7 in Chapter 10 of and projected passenger and cargo the EIA report at Page 10-17. traffic. 11 Submit details regarding R&R 49.8 Acres of land for Civil Enclave involved in the project have been transferred by State Govt. to Airports Authority of India. Therefore, R&R is not involved in the project.

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited STC-iii EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Standard TOR Compliance

Sn. TOR Points Compliance 12 Examine the details of water Total water requirement is requirement, use of treated waste estimated as 387 Kl per day Water water and prepare a water balance requirement will be extracted chart. Source of water vis-à-vis through bore wells at the airport waste water to be generated along after obtaining necessary with treatment facilities to be permissions. proposed. The details have been summarized in Section 2.19 at page 2-24 Chapter 2 of the EIA report. 13 Rain water harvesting proposals Rain water harvesting details for the should be made with due safeguards proposed Civil Enclave are shown in for ground water quality. Maximize Section 10.2.11 at page 10-25 of recycling of water and utilization of Chapter 10 of the EIA report. rain water. 14 Examine details of Solid waste Approx. 600 kg per day solid waste generation treatment and its will be generated during operation disposal. of the proposed Civil Enclave, which will be collected, segregated and managed by external agency for disposal as per Solid Waste Management Rule, 2016.

The details have been summarized in Section 10.2.3 of Chapter 10 of the EIA report 15 Submit the present land use and Not applicable as no land acquisition permission required for any is involved. 49.8 Acres required for conversion such as forest, proposed civil enclave has been agriculture etc. transferred by the state Govt.

No forest is involved in the proposed project. 16 Examine separately the details for Details for construction and construction and operation phases operation phases both for both for Environmental Environmental Management Plan Management Plan and and Environmental Monitoring Plan with cost and parameters are

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited STC-iv EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Standard TOR Compliance

Sn. TOR Points Compliance Environmental Monitoring Plan with presented in Chapter 6 and Chapter cost and parameters. 10 of EIA Report. 17 Submit details of a comprehensive Risk Assessment and Disaster Disaster Management Plan including Management Plan have been given emergency evacuation during in Chapter 7 of the EIA Report. natural and man-made disaster. 18 Examine baseline environmental Baseline environmental quality in the quality along with projected study area during the study period is incremental load due to the given in Section 3.10 at page 3-28 of proposed project/ activities. Chapter 3 of the EIA Report.

Incremental emissions loads due to the proposed project have been computed and are given in Section 4.4.5 of Chapter 4 at page 4-26 of the EIA Report. 19 The air quality monitoring should be Ambient air quality was carried out carried out as per the notification during post monsoon season as per issued on 16th November, 2009. the notification issued on 16th November, 2009. The details have been summarized in Section 3.10 from page 3-28 in Chapter 3 of the EIA report. 20 Examine separately the details for Details for construction and construction and operation phases operation phases both for both for Environmental Environmental Management Plan Management Plan and and Environmental Monitoring Plan Environmental Monitoring Plan with with cost and parameters are cost and parameters. presented in Chapter 6 and Chapter 10 of EIA Report. 21 Submit details of corporate social The Corporate Social Responsibility responsibilities (CSR) CSR) Policy of the Airports Authority of India (AAI) is aligned with its overall commitment to maintaining the highest standards of business performance.

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited STC-v EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Standard TOR Compliance

Sn. TOR Points Compliance The details of CSR initiatives by AAI have been summarized in Section 9.4 from page 9-50 in Chapter 9 of the EIA report. 22 Submit details of the trees to be cut For proposed civil enclave, 12 trees including their species and whether are likely to be felled after obtaining it also involves any protected or permission from the local authority. endangered species. Measures AAI has planned to plant 3500 plant taken to reduce the number of the saplings at the proposed civil trees to be removed should be enclave explained in detail. Submit the details of compensatory plantation. Explore the possibilities of relocating the existing trees. 23 Examine the details of afforestation Landscape Plan and Green Belts measures indicating land and details are given in 10.2.12 at Page financial outlay. Landscape plan, 10-26 of Chapter 10. green belts and open spaces may be described. A thick green belt should The details in noise level mitigation be planned all around the nearest measures are given in Section 10.2.5 settlement to mitigate noise and at Page 10-16 in Chapter 10 of the vibrations. The identification of EIA report. species/ plants should be made based on the botanical studies. Biological Studies are given in Section 3.13 at Page 3-50 of Chapter 3. 24 Public Hearing to be conducted for The public hearing for the the project in accordance with development of New Civil Enclave at Agra in Uttar Pradesh was conducted provisions of Environmental Impact on 6 September 2018 at 3.30 PM at Assessment Notification 2006 and the site by Uttar Pradesh Pollution the issues raised in the public Control Board. Total 38 people hearing should be addressed in attended public hearing. Environmental Management Plan. The public hearing should be Details are given in Section 7.9 (Page 7- 21) of Chapter 7 of EIA Report. conducted based on the TOR letters

issued by Ministry and not on the basis of Minutes of Meetings available on the web-site.

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited STC-vi EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Standard TOR Compliance

Sn. TOR Points Compliance 25 A detailed draft EIA/EMP report Same have been followed. should be prepared in accordance with additional TOR and should be submitted to the Ministry in accordance with Notification. 26. Any further clarification on carrying Same has been followed. out the above studies including anticipated impacts due to the project and mitigative measure, project proponent can refer to the model ToR available on Ministry website ''http://moef.nic.in/Manual/ Airport".

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited STC-vii EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Introduction

CHAPTER – 1

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Preamble

Agra is a city on the banks of the river Yamuna in the Northern State of Uttar Pradesh. Agra is a major tourist destination because of its many Mughal-era buildings, most notably the Taj Mahal, Agra Fort, Fatehpur Sikri, all three of which are UNESCO World Heritage Sites. Agra is included on Golden Triangle tourist Circuit, along with Delhi Jaipur, Uttar Pradesh Heritage Arc, tourist circuit of UP state, along with Lucknow the capital of the state and Varanasi.

Agra Airport was established in 1947. Present airport is located within air force base. Agra Airport belongs to IAF and AAI maintain a civil enclave. Agra Airport, at an elevation of 168 m the sea level is a domestic airport serving the city of Agra. Agra, being a renowned tourist spot, is well linked directly or indirectly via air route to all major cities in the country. The main airline operating at the Agra airport is Air India.

Airports Authority of India has proposed development of New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport near Agra Air force base to boost the tourist inflow in the city.

Environment plays a vital role in overall development of the country. Recognizing the importance of environmental protection and sustainable development, the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEF&CC), Government of India had formulated policies and procedures governing the industrial and other developmental activities to prevent indiscriminate exploitation of natural resources and promote integration of environmental concern in developmental projects. To assess and evaluate potential environmental impacts during design, construction & operation phases of the proposed project and to suggest mitigation measures with detailed environmental management plan, environmental impact assessment study has been conducted for the project as per approved TOR of Ministry of Environment, Forest & Climate Change.

The Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEF&CC) has made prior environmental clearance (EC) for Airport projects mandatory through its

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 1-1 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Introduction

notification issued on 14th September 2006 and as amended on 1st December 2009.

The proposal for grant of Terms of Reference (ToR) to the project ` Development of New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport (Uttar Pradesh) by M/s Airports Authority of India, was considered by the Expert Appraisal Committee (Infra-2) in its 30th meetings held on 18-20 April, 2018 and TOR was finalized vide letter no. F.No.10-27/2018-1A-III dated 17th May, 2018. TOR approval letter issued by MOEFCC is enclosed as Annexure 1. The compliance of TOR is given in the beginning of EIA Report.

Environmental Public Hearing for Development of New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport in Uttar Pradesh was conducted at the site at 3.30 PM on 06 September 2018 by Uttar Pradesh Pollution Control Board (UPPCB). Details of Public hearing including minutes of meeting (MOM), attendance sheet, photographs, etc, are enclosed as Annexure 2.

1.2 Importance and Benefits of the Proposed Civil Enclave

Agra is a major tourist destination because of its many Mughal-era buildings, most notably the Taj Mahal, Agra Fort and Fatehpūr Sikri, all of which are UNESCO World Heritage Sites. Agra is included on the Golden Triangle tourist circuit, along with Delhi and Jaipur; and the Uttar Pradesh Heritage Arc, tourist circuit of UP state, along Lucknow and Varanasi. Agra falls within the Braj cultural region.

Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyay Airport is a military airbase and public airport serving the city of Agra, in the state of Uttar Pradesh, India. The air force station is one of the largest airbase of the Indian Air Force (IAF) and has been synonymous with the Taj Mahal for over half a century. On 15 August 2007, the airbase celebrated its sixtieth anniversary. Existing terminal building for Agra airport is very small and located within the air force base.

As air passengers at Agra Airport are increasing continuously. Therefore, there is urgent need to construct the proposed Civil Enclave outside and adjacent to Airforce Base at Agra for operation of airport facilities outside Indian Airforce Base.

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 1-2 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Introduction

The direct and indirect benefits of the proposed Civil Enclave at Agra are as follows:

Batter infrastructure facilities for passenger Promotion of tourism especially in Agra, Increase in regional economy as it will boost tourism, trade and commercial activities in the region. Generation of more revenue to the state, hence more development of the region. Boost in religious tourism and more people to travel in the state Employment opportunity to people. More business and industrial opportunities

1.3 Need and Process of Environmental Clearance

As per the EIA notification of 14th September 2006 and its amendment dated 1st December 2009, airport projects are divided into two categories as mentioned below: Project or Category with threshold Conditions if any Activity limit A B (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) 7(a) Airports All projects - Note: including airstrip, Air strips which do not which are for involve bunkering/ refueling commercial facility and or Air Traffic use”; Control, are exempted.”

Flow-chart depicting stage to obtain the prior environmental clearance for proposed project are presented in Figure 1.1.

1.4 Regulatory Compliance Requirement

The operational and geographic impacts associated with airport development and operations are covered by policy drives (both strategies and legislation) at global, regional and national levels.

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 1-3 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Introduction

The International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO), which oversees the level and direction of effort involved in addressing the environmental impact of the sector, also deals with the emissions from aircraft.

The ICAO agenda is focussed on the Committee of Aviation Environmental Protection (CAEP), whose 18 member states make recommendations through five groups:

 Working Group 1: reducing noise (noise stringency limits engines);  Working Group 2: land use planning and management, operating restrictions and other issues associated with noise such as modelling;  Working Group 3: reducing emissions at source (emission limits);  Working Group 4: operational mechanism for reducing aviation emissions;  Working Group 5: market based options (legal & administrative issues surrounding emissions permit trading, environmental charges and voluntary agreements as a means to limit or reduce emissions)

The work of the CAEP is more technical in nature. The process of securing consensus in ICAO is lengthy, not least because membership is voluntary. Though the members are responsible for enacting certain standards and practices, they are not legally bound to do so. They are only honour bound to implement the resolution on environmental policies and practices.

India being one of the member states of ICAO, implements the resolution on environmental policies and practices adopted by ICAO through Director General of Civil Aviation (DGCA), under Ministry of Civil Aviation, GOI at national level to mitigate the operational impact associated with aviation at airports.

It ensures that environmental concerns are strategically integrated into air transport policy by improving technical environmental standards on noise and gaseous emissions; advancing long term technology improvements; inspecting aerodrome site for issuing aeronautical clearance; improving the air traffic management and promoting flight safety environment at airports.

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 1-4 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Introduction

Figure 1.1: Stages to obtain the Prior Environmental Clearance

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 1-5 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Introduction

1.5 Terms of Reference (TOR)

The Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEF&CC) has made prior environmental clearance (EC) for Airport projects mandatory through its notification issued on 14th September 2006 and as amended on 1st December 2009.

The proposal for grant of Terms of Reference (ToR) for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport by M/s Airports Authority of India, was considered by the Expert Appraisal Committee (Infra-2) in its meetings held on 18-20 April, 2018 and TOR was finalized vide letter no. F.No.10- 27/2018-1A-III dated 17 September, 2017.

. EIA & EMP report has been prepared as per TOR approved by MOEF&CC. The compliance of TOR is given in the beginning of EIA Report.

The EAC, in its 30th meeting held on 18-20 April, 2018, after detailed deliberations, recommended the project for grant of ToR as specified by the Ministry as Standard ToR in April, 2015 for the said project/activity and the following ToR in addition to Standard ToR for preparation of EIA-EMP report. As per the recommendation of the EAC, the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change hereby accords ToR to the project 'Development of New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport (Near Air Force Base), Uttar Pradesh by M/s Airports Authority of India for preparation of the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Report and Environmental Management Plan (EMP) with the following specific and general conditions in addition to Standard ToR provided at Annexure -1:

(i) Importance and benefits of the project. (ii) Necessary permission from Taj Trapezium Zone Authority (TTZA). (iii) The EIA would address to the conformity of the project proposals to the orders of the NGT/TTZ and the Hon'ble Supreme Court in the matter of new or expansion project in the TTZ area (iv) The E.I.A. will give a justification for land requirements along with a comparison to the guidelines established by the Airport Authority of India/Ministry of Civil Aviation in this regards.

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 1-6 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Introduction

(v) The E.I.A. will give a complete status and compliance report with regards to any earlier E.C. granted and permissions and consents from the Pollution Control Boards for the existing facilities. (vi) Copy of Consent for Establishment (CFE) and Consent for Operation (CFO) issued for existing facility. (vii) A toposheet of the study area of radius of 10km and site location on 1:50,000/1:25,000 scale on an A3/A2 sheet (including all eco-sensitive areas and environmentally sensitive places). (viii) Layout maps of proposed project indicating runway, airport building, parking, greenbelt area, utilities etc. (ix) Cost of project and time of completion. (x) The impacts of demolition and the activities related thereto shall be examined and a management plan drawn up to conform to the Construction and Demolition rules under the E.P. Act, 1986. (xi) The report shall examine the details of excavations, its impacts and the impacts of transport of excavated material. A detailed Management Plan shall be suggested. (xii) An assessment of the cumulative impact of all development and increased inhabitation being carried out or proposed to be carried out by the project or other agencies in the core area, shall be made for traffic densities and parking capabilities in a 05 kms radius from the site. A detailed traffic management and a traffic decongestion plan drawn up through an organization of repute and specializing in Transport Planning shall be submitted with the EIA. The Plan to be implemented to the satisfaction of the State Urban Development and Transport Departments shall also include the consent of all the concerned implementing agencies. (xiii) The E.I.A. should specifically address to vehicular traffic management as well as estimation of vehicular parking area inside the Airport premises. (xiv) An onsite disaster management plan shall be drawn up to account for risks and accidents. This onsite plan shall be dovetailed with the onsite management plan for the district. (xv) A note on appropriate process and materials to be used to encourage reduction in carbon foot print. Optimize use of energy systems in buildings that should maintain a specified indoor environment conducive to the functional requirements of the building by following mandatory compliance measures (for all applicable buildings) as recommended in the Energy Conservation Building Code (ECBC) 2017 of the Bureau of Energy Efficiency, Government of India.

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 1-7 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Introduction

The energy system includes air conditioning systems, indoor lighting systems, water heaters, air heaters and air circulation devices. (xvi) Details shall be provided regarding the solar generation proposed and the extent of substitution, along with compliance to the ECBC rules. (xvii) Details of emission, effluents, solid waste and hazardous waste generation and their management. Air quality modeling and noise modeling shall be carried out for the emissions from various types of aircraft. (xviii) The impact of aircraft emissions in different scenarios of idling, taxiing, take off and touchdown shall be examined and a management plan suggested. (xix) The impact of air emissions from speed controlled and other vehicles plying within the Airport shall be examined and management plan drawn up. (xx) The management plan will include compliance to the provisions of Biomedical Waste Management rules, 2016. (xxi) A detailed management plan, drawn up in consultation with the competent District Authorities, shall be submitted for the regulation of unauthorized development and encroachments within a 05 Km radius of the Airport. (xxii) The E.I.A. will also examine the impacts of construction and operation of the proposed STP and draw up a detailed plan for management including that for odour control. (xxiii) Classify all Cargo handled as perishable, explosive, solid, petroleum products, Hazardous Waste, Hazardous Chemical, Potential Air Pollutant, Potential Water Pollutant etc. and put up a handling and disposal management plan. (xxiv) Noise monitoring and impact assessment shall be done for each representative area (as per the Noise Rules of MoEF&CC). A noise management plan shall be submitted to conform to the guidelines of the MoEF&CC and the DGCA. (xxv) Noise monitoring shall be carried out in the funnel area of flight path. (xxvi) Requirement of water, power, with source of supply, status of approval, water balance diagram, man-power requirement (regular and contract). (xxvii) Ground water abstraction and rain water recharge shall be as prescribed by the CGWA. A clearance/permission of the CGWA shall be obtained in this regards. (xxviii)A NOC from the Central Ground water Authority for the ground water being currently abstracted in the existing air ort shall be submitted. (xxix) The project proponents will examine the possibility of gas based standby power generation and the availability of Gas with reference to the orders of the Hon'ble Supreme Court in the matter.

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 1-8 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Introduction

(xxx) The project proponents will examine and submit whether diesel generating sets are permitted in the area. (xxxi) Details of fuel tank farm and its risk assessment. (xxxii) The E.I.A. should present details on the compliance of the project to the Fly Ash notification issued under the E.P. Act of 1986. (xxxiii) The report should give a detailed impact analysis and management plan for handling of the following wastes for the existing and proposed scenarios. (a) Trash collected in flight and disposed at the Airport including the segregation mechanism. (b) Toilet wastes and sewage collected from aircrafts and disposed at the Airport. (c) Maintenance and workshop wastes. (d) Wastes arising out of eateries and shops situated within the airport. (xxxiv)Any litigation pending against the project and/or any direction/order passed by any Court of Law against the project, if so, details thereof shall also be included. Has the unit received any notice under the Section 5 of Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 or relevant Sections of Air and Water Acts? If so, details thereof and compliance/ATR to the notice(s) and present status of the case. (xxxv) Plan for Corporate Environment Responsibility (CER) as specified under Ministry's Office Memorandum vide F.No. 22-65/2017-IA.III dated 1st May 2018 shall be prepared and submitted along with EIA Report. (xxxvi)Public hearing to be conducted and issues raised and commitments made by the project proponent on the same should be included in EIA/EMP Report in the form of tabular chart with financial budget for complying with the commitments made. (xxxvii) A tabular chart with index for point wise compliance of above ToR.

Standard Terms Of Reference For Conducting Environment Impact Assessment Study For Airports And Information To Be Included In EIA/EMP Report

(i) Reasons for selecting the site with details of alternate sites examined/rejected/selected on merit with comparative statement and reason/basis for selection. The examination should justify site suitability in terms of environmental angle, resources sustainability associated with selected site as compared to rejected sites. The analysis should include parameters considered along with weightage criteria for short-listing selected site.

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 1-9 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Introduction

(ii) Details of the land use break-up for the proposed project. Details of land use around 10 km radius of the project site. Examine and submit detail of land use around 10 km radius of the project site and map of the project area and 10 km area from boundary of the proposed/existing project area, delineating project areas notified under the wild life (Protection) Act, 1972/critically polluted areas as identified by the CPCB from time to time/notified eco-sensitive areas/inter-state boundaries and international boundaries. Analysis should be made based on latest satellite imagery for land use with raw images. (iii) Submit the present land use and permission required for any conversion such as forest, agriculture etc. land acquisition status, rehabilitation of communities/ villages and present status of such activities. Check on flood plain of any river. (iv) Examine and submit the water bodies including the seasonal ones within the corridor of impacts along with their status, volumetric capacity, quality likely impacts on them due to the project. (v) Submit a copy of the contour plan with slopes, drainage pattern of the site and surrounding area, any obstruction of the same by the airport. (vi) Submit details of environmentally sensitive places, land acquisition status, rehabilitation of communities/ villages and present status of such activities. (vii) Examine the impact of proposed project on the nearest settlements. (viii) Examine baseline environmental quality along with projected incremental load due to the proposed project/activities (ix) Examine and submit details of levels, quantity required for filling, source of filling material and transportation details etc. Submit details of a comprehensive Risk Assessment and Disaster Management Plan including emergency evacuation during natural and man-made disaster integrating with existing airport (x) Examine road/rail connectivity to the project site and impact on the existing traffic network due to the proposed project/activities. A detailed traffic and transportation study should be made for existing and projected passenger and cargo traffic. (xi) Submit details regarding R&R involved in the project (xii) Examine the details of water requirement, use of treated waste water and prepare a water balance chart. Source of water vis-à-vis waste water to be generated along with treatment facilities to be proposed. (xiii) Rain water harvesting proposals should be made with due safeguards for ground water quality. Maximize recycling of water and utilization of rain water. (xiv) Examine details of Solid waste generation treatment and its disposal.

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 1-10 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Introduction

(xv) Submit the present land use and permission required for any conversion such as forest, agriculture etc. (xvi) Examine separately the details for construction and operation phases both for Environmental Management Plan and Environmental Monitoring Plan with cost and parameters. (xvii) Submit details of a comprehensive Disaster Management Plan including emergency evacuation during natural and man-made disaster. (xviii) Examine baseline environmental quality along with projected incremental load due to the proposed project/activities. (xix) The air quality monitoring should be carried out as per the notification issued on 16th November, 2009. (xx) Examine separately the details for construction and operation phases both for Environmental Management Plan and Environmental Monitoring Plan with cost and parameters. (xxi) Submit details of corporate social responsibilities (CSR) (xxii) Submit details of the trees to be cut including their species and whether it also involves any protected or endangered species: Measures taken to reduce the number of the trees to be removed should be explained in detail. Submit the details of compensatory plantation. Explore the possibilities of relocating the existing trees. (xxiii) Examine the details of afforestation measures indicating land and financial outlay. Landscape plan, green belts and open spaces may be described. A thick green belt should be planned all around the nearest settlement to mitigate noise and vibrations. The identification of species/ plants should be made based on the botanical studies. (xxiv) Public hearing to be conducted for the project in accordance with provisions of Environmental Impact Assessment Notification, 2006 and the issues raised by the public should be addressed in the Environmental Management Plan. The Public Hearing should be conducted based on the ToR letter issued by the Ministry and not on the basis of minutes of the Meeting available on the web-site. (xxv) A detailed draft EIA/EMP report should be prepared in accordance with the above additional TOR and should be submitted to the Ministry in accordance with the Notification. (xxvi) Details of litigation pending against the project, if any, with direction /order passed by any Court of Law against the Project should be given. (xxvii) The cost of the Project (capital cost and recurring cost) as well as the cost towards implementation of EMP should be clearly spelt out.

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 1-11 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Introduction

(xxviii) Any further clarification on carrying out the above studies including anticipated impacts due to the project and mitigative measure, project proponent can refer to the model ToR available on Ministry website "http://moefnic.in/Manual/Airport".

1.5.1 Location of Proposed Civil Enclave

The proposed Civil Enclave site is located adjacent to Agra Airforce Base at Kalayanpur, Balhaira, Dhanauli Village in Agra tehsil of Agra District in Uttar Pradesh. Latitude and Longitude of proposed terminal building in New Civil Enclave 27° 08´ 30.47” N and 77° 56´ 50.12” E. The site for proposed civil enclave is located on SOI toposheet no. 53 E/16. The Latitude and Longitude for the proposed Civil Enclave Site are given below:

27°06‘21.41"N 77°56‘51.10"E 27°08‘22.41"N 77°56‘38.08"E 27°08‘30.12"N 77°56‘40.54"E 27°08‘42.75"N 77°56‘52.67"E 27°08‘40.83"N 77°56‘56.02"E 27°08‘36.12"N 77°56‘50.41"E 27°08‘29.30"N 77°57‘02.07"E

Index map of the proposed Civil Enclave at Agra (Uttar Pradesh) is shown on Figure 1.2.

1.5.2 Geographical Conditions of the Study Area

The 10 km radius study area has been considered for environmental impact assessment studies. The 10 km radius study area around proposed Civil Enclave at Agra on Google map and SOI Toposheets are shown in Figure 1.3 and 1.4, respectively. There is no forest, national park or wildlife sanctuary within 10 km distance from the proposed Civil Enclave.

1.5.3 Environmental Setting of The Project Site

The environmental sensitivity of the project site is presented in Table 1.1.

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 1-12 Introduction 1-13 1-13 oposed Civil Enclave at Agra at Agra oposed Civil Enclave

Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Uttar Airport, Agra Figure 1.2: Index Map ofFigure Pr

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EIA for Development of P of EIA for Development ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Introduction

Figure 1.3: 10 Km Study Area on Google for Proposed Civil Enclave at Agra

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 1-14 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Introduction

Figure 1.4: 10 Km Study Area for Proposed Project on SOI Toposheet

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 1-15 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Introduction

Table 1.1 Environmental Setting of The Project Site S.No. Particulars Details 1. Site Latitude 27° 08´ 30.47” N 2. Site Longitude 77° 56´ 50.12” E 3. Land use Barren 4. Nearest Highway Agra-Jaipur NH-11 at 2.8 Km in North Direction 5. Nearest Railway station Patholi Railway Station -2.6 km (North) 6. Nearest airport Kheria Airport – 2 km (NE) 7. Nearest town/ city Agra City Centre is about 6 Km 8. Hills/ valleys Nil (within 10 km radius) 9. Topography Plain 10. National Parks/Wildlife Nil (within 10 km radius) Sanctuaries 11. Reservoir/Lake/River/Sea Yamuna River is flowing at 9.1 Km 12. Reserved/Protected Forests Bainpur Reserved Forest - 9.4 km (North) Mau Reserved Forest - 6.6 km (NNE) 13. Air Pollution Protected Area The Site is located in Taj Trapezium Zone (TTZ) 14. Archaeological Important Taj Mahal (10.1 km), Red Fort Places (8.2 Km), Sikandra (8.1 km) 15. Seismicity Seismic Zone III (Moderate) as per IS 1893 16. Defense Installations Airforce Base Adjacent and Agra Cantonment is 4.5 (East Direction)

1.6 Structure of Environmental Impact Assessment Report

The Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Report has been prepared as per format described in the EIA Notification 2006 and the structure of EIA report is given below. The EIA report has been divided into 12 Chapters which are presented as follows:

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 1-16 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Introduction

Compliance of TORs

Executive Summary: given in the beginning of the report,

Chapter 1: Introduction

This chapter provides background information, details of the environmental clearance process, brief details and locations of the proposed project, geographical settings of the area. The terms of reference for preparation of EIA and structure of EIA report have also been described in this chapter.

Chapter 2: Description of the Project

This chapter deals need for the project, project location, project layout, terminal buildings, utilities and services, power requirements, parking facilities, water requirement and sources, drainage and sewage disposal system, storm water drainage system, horticulture and landscaping, energy conservation measures, the project implementation schedule, estimated cost of development, etc.

Chapter 3: Description of the Environment

This chapter presents existing environmental conditions of the 10km radius study area around the site including topography, geological, drainage pattern, water environment, climate & meteorology, ambient air quality, noise levels, flora & fauna, socio-economic conditions, etc.

Chapter 4: Anticipated Environmental Impacts & Mitigation Measures

This chapter describes the anticipated impact on the environment and mitigation measures for project. The method of assessment of impact including studies carried out, modeling techniques adopted to assess the impact where pertinent have been elaborated in this chapter. It gives the details of the impact on the baseline parameters, both during the construction and operational phases and suggests the mitigation measures to be implemented by the proponent. It also describes the overall both-direct and indirect, reversible and irreversible impacts of the proposed activities on different environmental parameters on different environmental parameters during construction and post construction phase and underscores the areas of concern, which need mitigation measures.

Chapter 5: Analysis of Alternatives

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 1-17 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Introduction

This chapter examines alternative means for proposed project involves description of each alternative, summary of adverse impacts of each alternative, mitigation measures proposed for each alternative and selection of best alternative.

Chapter 6: Environmental Monitoring Plan

This chapter describes environmental monitoring plan (EMP) for the project during construction and operation phases.

Chapter 7: Additional Studies (Risk Analysis and Disaster Management Plan)

This chapter spelled out hazard identification, risk analysis and disaster management plan for an unlikely event of emergency at terminal building of the proposed Civil Enclave. Details of Public Hearing conducted by Uttar Pradesh Pollution Control Board.

Chapter 8: Project Benefits

This chapter includes the benefits in terms of improvement in physical infrastructure, social infrastructure, employment potential, etc.

Chapter 9: Environmental Cost Benefit Analysis

This chapter describes Environmental Cost Benefit Analysis.

Chapter 10: Environmental Management Plan (EMP)

This chapter describes environmental management plan to mitigate adverse environmental impacts and to strengthen beneficial impacts.

Chapter 11: Summary and Conclusions

This chapter describes Summary and Conclusions of the EIA study.

Chapter 12: Disclosure of Consultant engaged

This chapter comprises the name of consultants engaged with their brief resume and nature of consultancy rendered.

Annexures

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 1-18 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Introduction

Annexure 1: Terms of Reference issued by Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change Annexure 2: Action Taken Report and MOM with Attendance Sheet of Public Hearing Annexure 3: Copy of Application Submitted to TTZ Authority

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 1-19 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Description of Project

CHAPTER 2

DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT

2.1 Introduction

Airports Authority of India has planned for development of new Civil Enclave at Agra for Construction of Apron of park 04 Nos A 321 types of aircraft with provision of parking Code ‘E’ types of aircraft with MARS configuration, link taxi track, terminal building for 700 passengers (500 Domestic and 200 International) as per IMG norms and Multilevel Car Park (MPCP) for 350 cars, surface parking for 20 VIP cars and 05 buses. As per CPMS forecast the Peak Hour Passengers (PHP) is 700 Pax (500 Domestic and 200 international) as international chartered flights are also operating from Agra Airport.

2.2 Project Site Details of Proposed Civil Enclave

The site for proposed civil enclave comprises 49.8 Acres of land, which has been handover to Airport Authority of India by the State Government. It is located at Longitude 27°08´30.47” N and Latitude 77°56´50.12” E with elevation of 97 m amsl.

2.3 Master Plan for Proposed Civil Enclave

The proposed civil enclave will be located 49.8 Acres of land. Area statement for proposed civil enclave for the proposed civil enclave is given in Table 2.1. Terminal building covering an area of 16700 sqm have been designed for peak hour capacity of 700 passengers (500 arrival and 200 departure). An area of 2200 sqm has been kept for retail / commercial outlets / retiring rooms and airlines offices. Link taxiway to connect Civil Enclave will be 650 m x 23 m with 10.5 m wide shoulders. The Apron will be of dimension 155.5 m x 139.5 m, suitable for the parking of 04 nos. of A-321 type of aircraft with the provision of parking Code E type of Aircraft with MARS configuration in power -In /Push- Back configuration with the 10.5 m wide shoulders all around the apron. Provision of GSE area of dimension 42 m x 84 m also made in the layout plan. At the civil enclave, Multilevel Car Park (MPCP) will be constructed for 350 cars, surface parking for 20 VIP cars and 05 buses. The site plan of proposed civil enclave is show in Figure 2.1. The layout plan for proposed civil enclave is

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EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Description of Project

given Figure 2.2. The area statement for the proposed civil enclave is given below:

Table 2.1: Area Statement for Proposed Civil Enclave Sn. Components Area (Sqm) I. Built-up Area 1. Apron 24900 2. Link Taxi Track 21775 3. GSE Area 8380 4. Parking 5625 5. Hanger 2225 6. Admin Block 2700 7. Terminal Building (Ground Floor) 16700

Total Built-up Area 82305

II. Green Belt & Landscaping by Shrubs and 44117 Grasses III. Road and Open Area 75111 Total Area of Civil Enclave 201533 (49.8 Acres)

2.4 Scope for Proposed Civil Enclave at Agra

The scope of work for development of the proposed Civil Enclave at Agra will comprise following:

(A) Civil Works

i. Apron And Taxiway

 Construction of Apron of dimension 155.5 m x 139.5 m, suitable for the parking of 04 nos. of A-321 type of aircraft with the provision of parking Code E type of Aircraft with MARS configuration in power -In /Push-Back configuration with the 10.5 m wide shoulders all around the apron. Provision of GSE area of dimension 42 m x 84 m also made in the layout plan.  Construction of link taxi track dimension of 650 m x 23 m with 10.5 m shoulders of either side of the taxi track, subject of clearance from IAF.

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ra Pradesh Airport, Uttar Description of Project Figure 2.1:Figure Site Plan for Propos ate Limited ate Limited 2-3

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 The strength and clearance of apron & link taxi track to be kept in accordance with requirements of Code – E types of a/c.  Development of taxiway strip with suitable grading (overall width 95 m).  The slope on the apron, taxiway, strip, etc, should be as prescribed in DGCA CAR under various paragraphs.  Storm water drains to be provided to operational/non-operational areas.

ii. New Integrated Terminal Building

 Construction of one and half level integrated terminal building of 16700 sqm for 700 Peak Hour Capacity (500 domestic passengers and 200 international passengers) with the provision of aerobridge along with basement of 5000 sqm for baggage handling system. An area of 2200 sqm has been kept for retail / commercial outlets / retiring rooms and airlines offices.  Terminal building Departure area, arrival area, security hold area and concourse are to be provided with adequate nos. of toilets for gents, ladies and differently abled persons and drinking water. Suitable numbers of ramps to be provided for entry and exit of differentially abled persons in departure and arrival area.  Overall planning of building will capture local architectural features and it will be part of the design features of terminal. The design should include the required arrangement for its regular maintenance so as to make it in built part of execution. Solar power generation vix solar lighting, solar roofing system including provision of regular cleaning with maintenance hoist, hooks, etc including cat walk / rope suspended platform/gondola etc will be provided.

(a) Common Concourse

 Common Concourse area should have provision for Meet and Greet area, snack bar, facilitation counters, toilets, AHU switch room, drinking water, first aid room, Child care room, supporting office for AAI, airlines and APHO.

(b) Check-In Area

 The check-in concourse should have 18 nos. Check-in counters along with adequate queuing space.

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 2-5 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Description of Project

 01 no baggage conveyor belt for registered baggage.  Adequate number of toilets (ladies, gents and physically challenge persons) back up offices for airlines, AHU, switch room, drinking water facilities, storing space for 200 baggage trolleys, etc, area for commercial facilities.  Seating arrangement for passengers after check-in and before security check.  Isolated smoking area with proper ventilation.  Provision of CITE, CUSS

(c) Security Hold Area

 The security hold area with aerobridge and Bus lounge should have adequate seating arrangements with adequate numbers of toilets for ladies, gents and physically challenged person), drinking water, AHU switch room and isolated smoking area with proper ventilation.  The passenger frisking area should have adequate space for locating required nos. of DFMDs, frisking booth 06 nos (04 for gents and 02 for ladies), space for 2 nos X Rays machine for hand baggage.  Provision will be made for duty free/retails area without affecting the passenger movement area.

(d) Baggage Collection/Arrival Lounge

 The baggage collection and arrival lounge should have 03 nos. (02 nos. Domestic & 01 no. International) conveyor belt of adequate length.  Adequate space for storing baggage trolleys, space for storing of mishandled / unclaimed baggage.  Adequate number of toilets (ladies, gents and physically challenged persons), AHU, Switch room, drinking water, prepaid taxi counter.  Provision of Information Counter & Prepaid Taxi Counter and other commercial facilities.  Provision of Baggage Reconciliation System

(B) Electrical Works

 Internal and external electrification for Terminal Building Complex, associated building, car park and roads

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 2-6 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Description of Project

 Augmentation of main power supply, submission equipment, DG Sets for Secondary Power Supply and associated ancillary building.  Provision of central air-conditioning & ventilation (HVAC) system & BMS for New Terminal Building  Provision of conveyor belts at departure area with in line X-ray inspection system and other equipment at departure area and inclined carousels at arrival hall.  Provision of fire detection & alarm system, provision of fire hydrants and water sprinklers system as per standards along with fire extinguishers  Provision of Automatic sliding doors at exit and entry points of terminal building  Provision of adequate number of signage inside and outside the terminal building, car park area and City side approach road and air side area for guidance of passengers and visitors.  Provision of light masts on apron.  Provision of perimeter lighting.  Provision of 02 nos aerobridges.  Provision of visual docking /guidance system.

(C) Airport Systems

 Public Address System and Car Calling System  Surveillance close circuit TV System (SCCTC) and provision of adequate number of close circuit TV monitors, in the Security Control Room, Terminal Manager Room, APD Office, etc.  Provision of Flight Information Display System (FIDS) with adequate number of Display Devices in departure, arrival and security hold area for passenger facilitation.  Provision of adequate number of X ray machines for scanning registered baggage (RB) / Hand Baggage (HB) including provision of required number of ETDs, DFMDs & HHMDs as per BCAS norms.  Provision of adequate no. of VHF FM sets (Walkie-Talkie, Base Stations and Mobile Stations)  Provisions of Telephone Exchange/ digital EPABX/IP EPABX system for Terminal Building including Telephone /Intercom instruments, wiring, etc.

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 2-7 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Description of Project

(D) IT Systems

 Passive and Active Networking components such as OFC, UTP cabling, Routers, Core and Access switches and accessories. Provision of Raceways, cable trays and conducting and cabling.  Sever room and adequate space for keeping network switches along with electrical power points & UPS.  Access Control System as per BCAS requirement  Provision of internet, VPN bandwidth, Wi-Fi System

(E) Miscellaneous Works

 Provision of Trolley gate on the link taxi track to segregate the operation area of IAF & AAI.  Construction of pump house for overhead water tank and sump etc for terminal building.  Provision of gates to segregate air side and city side area with security guard posts at the entry and exit gates.  Construction of perimeter road of 3.5 m width with shoulders all along the boundary wall inside operation area.  Construction of 04 lane approach road from nearest main road to Terminal Building via shortest distance.  Horticulture and gardening works on city and airside of terminal building.  Provision of water storage and water supply scheme and rain water harvesting system and Sewage Treatment Plant (STP).  Construction of boundary wall of 2.45 m + 0.45 m with concertina coiled barbed wire.  Construction of regular boundary wall around the operational area and fencing all around the airport.

2.5 Land for Proposed Civil Enclave

For proposed civil enclave at Agra, total 49.8 Acres land has been transferred by State Government of Uttar Pradesh. The current land use is agriculture and fellow land and same will be permanently changed for development of civil enclave. The land for proposed civil enclave is free from all encumbrances.

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 2-8 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Description of Project

2.6 Proposed Terminal Building

At the proposed civil enclave construction of centrally air-conditional terminal building covering an area of 16700 sqm of modular design for Peak Capacity 700 passengers (500 domestic passengers and 200 international passengers) with the provision of aerobridge along with basement of 5000 sqm for baggage handling system. An area of 2200 sqm has been kept for retail / commercial outlets / retiring rooms and airlines offices. Ground Floor Plan, Mezz Floor Plan, First Floor Plan, Basement Plan of Terminal Building a are given in Figure 2.3 and Figure 2.6, respectively. Elevations and Section for proposed terminal building at Agra Civil Enclave are given in Figure 2.7 and Figure 2.8, respectively, respectively. The terminal building will be designed with recommended area specifications and to match the level of Service as per International Airport Transport Association’s (IATA) recommendations. The building will be provided with aesthetically appealing & soothing interior decoration matching the modern structure. Height of proposed terminal building will be 18 m.

2.7 Raw Materials Requirements for Project

For the proposed civil enclave, raw materials requirements are estimated as given below:

Raw Material / Fuel Quantity per Annum Unit Cement 138920 Bags Aggregate 8528 Cum Bricks 327235 Nos. Steel 1288 MT Structural Steel 815 MT

Above raw materials will be procured from open market..

2.8 Cutting & Filling

The site for proposed civil enclave at Agra is plain land. Therefore, no significant cutting & filling of earth will be required.

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 2-9 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Description of Project

2.9 Status of Regulatory Compliances for Proposed Civil Enclave

The existing runway and associated facilities are in the preview of Indian Airforce Base. The proposed Civil Enclave out side the Agra Airforce base to be constructed by Airports Authority of India is green field project. Therefore, proposal has been submitted first time for prior obtaining environmental Clearance for the proposed civil enclave. After obtaining environmental clearance, Consent to Establish and Consent to Operate for the proposed Civil Enclave from Uttar Pradesh Pollution Control Board and permission from TTZ Authority will be obtained.

2.10 GRIHA Rating for Proposed Terminal Building

It is proposed that all works necessarily will achieve 4 stars GRIHA Rating. GRIHA is an acronym for Green Rating for Integrated Habitat Assessment. GRIHA is a rating tool that helps to assess the performance of their building against certain nationally acceptable benchmarks. It evaluates the environmental performance of a building holistically over its entire life cycle, thereby providing a definitive standard for what constitutes a ‘green building’. The rating system, based on accepted energy and environmental principles, will seek to strike a balance between the established practices and emerging concepts, both national and international.

2.11 Parking Facilities and Traffic Circulation Plan

At the proposed civil enclave at the Agra, Multilevel Car Park (MPCP) facilities will be provided for 350 cars, surface parking for 20 VIP cars and 05 buses. The proposed car parking will be located on 5625 sqm area. Multilevel car parking will be construction in ground plus three levels (G+3). Traffic circulation plan for departure and arrival will be such that there is no traffic congestion at the civil enclave.

2.12 Drainage Plan for Site

The drainage plan for site has been prepared to ensure that no rain water accumulation at the site.

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ave Pradesh at Agra Airport, Uttar 2-11 Figure 2.3:Figure Ground Floor Plan for Terminal Buil

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ave Pradesh at Agra Airport, Uttar 2-12 Figure 2.4:Figure Mezz Floor Plan for Terminal Buil

EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Encl ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited

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ave Pradesh at Agra Airport, Uttar 2-13 Figure 2.5:Figure First Floor Plan for Terminal Buil

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ave Pradesh at Agra Airport, Uttar 2-15 Figure 2.7: Elevation for Term

EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Encl ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited

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ave Pradesh at Agra Airport, Uttar 2-16 Figure 2.8:Figure Section for Building Terminal at

EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Encl ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Description of Project

2.13 Fire Fighting Facilities

At the proposed civil enclave, firefighting facilities will be provided as per guidelines and ICAO standards.

2.14 Power Requirement

Total power requirement is estimated as 450 kW for the proposed terminal building and other facilities at the proposed civil enclave at Agra. During operation phase, one Natural gas operated of 500 kVA capacity power generator and one standby fitted with acoustic enclosure will be installed for emergency power generation during grid power failure.

2.15.1Natural Gas Storage for Power Generators

At proposed Civil Enclave, there will not be diesel storage. Compressed natural gas will be stored cascade cylinders as per requirement. Necessary permission will be obtained from Chief Controller of Explosive (CCE) for storage of compressed natural gas cascade at the proposed Civil Enclave.

2.16 HVAC Requirement

HVAC System requirement at the proposed terminal building at the proposed civil enclave is estimated as 400 TR. To meet the air conditioning requirement, 2x400 TR (1 Working +1 Standby) air cooled screw chillers are proposed. Microprocessor based control system (BMS) will also installed at the terminal building.

2.16.1Design Considerations

The system proposal is designed to fulfil the following objectives:

 Low capital cost.  Energy efficient throughout the varying load patterns  Minimum power demand.  Providing required Indoor air quality (IAQ) with reduced operating cost.  Maximum flexibility of operation.

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EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Description of Project

 Use of highly responsive control system (BMS) to optimize system functioning.

The selection of equipment is designed to achieve the lowest capital cost consistent with energy efficient modern technology. The choice of equipment and specifications will provide the best possible system at a reasonable price.

2.16.2Energy Efficient

The air conditioning systems operate between a minimal demand of 40% and up to a maximum demand of 95% for a major part of the year. Hence, the selection proposed is such that the overall power requirement remains consistent with the demand, avoiding all possible waste.

2.16.3Flexibility

The use of air cooled chilling units has been proposed instead of water cooled chillers. This will avoid use of cooling towers and condenser water pumps, thereby reducing by nearly 40% the number of equipments which have to be operated and maintained. The chiller will be fitted with air cooling pads to reduce power consumption and save 80% water as compared to water cooled system, the cooling pads will be used whenever Ambient temperature crosses 35°C. The use of air cooled chillers will thus simplify operation and also avoid worrying about availability of water in cooling towers at all times. There will be separate pumps for secondary circuit. In addition each floor will have independent Air handling Units (AHUs). This will ensure that the equipment in operations is as per demand without any wastage of power.

2.16.4Control System

It is proposed to use microprocessor based control system (BMS) to optimize plant operation and minimize running costs.

The various systems are selected carefully to provide maximum benefits at a reasonable cost.

The BMS will also be used to integrate other services and control external

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EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Description of Project

lighting and monitor other services.

2.16.5System design (Ventilation & Miscellaneous)

The ventilation of D.G room and pump will be through the use of axial flow fans on the opposite side.

The HVAC plant room will be ventilated using propeller type fans.

2.16.6Building Management System (BMS)

It is proposed to provide a Microprocessor Based Building Management and control system (BMS) for HVAC system and other services to create an intelligent building.

2.17 Construction Materials

Aggregate, cement and sand for foundation and other civil works, will be procured from local approved sources. The proposed terminal building will be constructed through pre-cast and pre fabricated structures.

2.18 Cargo Handling at Proposed Civil Enclave

At the proposed Civil Enclave, various types of cargo including dangerous goods (hazardous materials), live animals, perishable, human remains, Sentimental Shipments, explosive, solid, petroleum products, etc will be handled according to IATA regulations and guidelines.

2.18.1Acceptance of Cargo

The proposed civil enclave will have the authorization for transport of passengers and freight, revenue and non-revenue cargo, as well as air mail and service cargo. All cargo will be physical check or x-ray before acceptance.

Personal Effects

For booking, unaccompanied baggage, copy of Copy of Airway bill, Passenger's passport/ID, Baggage Declaration Form (BDF) will ensured.

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EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Description of Project

Sentimental Shipments

For carriage of sentimental cargo, Death Certificate from a competent medical authority, embalming and packaging Certificate, certificate issued by Embassy (Nationality of deceased) with the deceased’s full name, age at the time of death, place of death and photocopy of passport details, Photocopy of cancelled passport, police certificate will be ensured.

Odd-Sized Cargo

Odd sized cargo or heavy cargo to carry, there will be expertise in logistics to carry heavy and odd –sized.

Dangerous Goods

Dangerous Goods such as flammable, corrosive, poisonous and radioactive substances and varied use including medical will be handled by qualified staff under Dangerous Goods Regulations of IATA, to handle such shipments.

Valuables

In order to ensure security of valuables, container with a security locker on wide body aircrafts. The narrow body aircrafts are also fitted with locker for valuable cargo. The entire operation of loading and unloading will be carried out under the vigilant eyes of our Security personnel.

In order to adhere to the strictest security for handling of cargo at the civil enclave, it will be ensured that the cargo is loaded on the flight after physical check or x-ray.

Couriers

Courier traffic is a rapidly growing market. Civil Enclave will have facility for transporting small packages and documents.

Perishable Goods Cargo

Perishable goods are such, whose conditions or suitability for its original or prime purpose may deteriorate below its useable condition if exposed to undue changes in temperature and humidity or delayed in transportation (e.g.

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EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Description of Project

fresh fruit and vegetables, flowers, meat and fish shipments, vaccines, medical supplies etc.).

2.18.2Cargo Manifesting

The manifest contains all packages that are loaded into an aeroplane. Manifests are differentiated according to the type of transfer of the cargo at the station:

● Cargo Manifest ● Transfer Manifest ● NIL Manifest

The manifest is used for handling air cargo, with the exception of airmail, and is a necessary working paper for cargo accounting. Cargo is manifested in the IT systems or manually.

2.18.3 Dangerous Goods

Dangerous Goods are divided into nine different hazard classes. Some hazard classes are further subdivided into hazard divisions due to the wide scope of the class.

Class 1 Explosives Class 2 Gas Class 3 Flammable Liquid Class 4 Flammable Solids; Substances liable to Spontaneous Combustion; Substances which, in contact with Water, emit Flammable Gases Class 5 Oxidizing Substances and Organic Peroxides Class 6 Toxic (poisonous) and Infectious Substances Class 7 Radioactive Material Class 8 Corrosives Class 9 Miscellaneous Dangerous Goods

Hazard Labels

The label identifying the primary hazard of the dangerous goods must bear the class or division number as appropriate in the bottom corner of the label.

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EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Description of Project

Handling Advice for Dangerous Goods

The handling advice for dangerous goods must include:

- date and flight number of shipment - number of Air Waybill (AWB) - proper shipping name and ID number - number of pieces and net weights - for operations with a containerized aircraft, type and number of ULD - drill code - special handling, if required

Incompatibility of Dangerous Goods

Packages containing dangerous goods which might react dangerously with each other or are harmful to other non-dangerous goods must not be stowed on an aircraft next to each other or in a position that would allow interaction between them in the event of leakage.

2.18.4 Handling of Toxic (RPB) and Infectious Substances (RIS)

Toxic (RPB) and Infectious Substances requiring a subsidiary risk "TOXIC" label must not be stowed in the same compartment with animals, substances marked or known to be foodstuffs, feed or other edible goods intended for consumption by humans or animals.

This does not apply if either the toxic or infectious substances and the foodstuffs or animals are loaded in separate ULDs, not adjacent to each other (minimum distance: 1 loading position).

Emergency Procedures for Incidents/Accidents with Dangerous Goods

 don't panic  advise immediate supervisor  isolate the package by removing other packages or property  avoid contact with the contents of the package  if contents come in contact with body or clothes: - thoroughly wash off body with plenty of water; - remove contaminated clothes;

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EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Description of Project

- do not eat or smoke; - keep hands away from eyes, mouth and nose; - apply for medical assistance  staff involved in such incidents should stay on site until their names are noted  avoid handling of a damaged package containing infectious substances or keep handling to a minimum and inform the appropriate public health authority or veterinary authority, and provide information on any other countries of transit where persons may have been exposed to danger and notify the consignee.  access to a damaged package containing radioactive material must be restricted and a qualified person must, as soon as possible, assess the extent of contamination and the resultant radiation level of the package. The scope of the survey must also include the aircraft, aircraft equipment and all other material which has been carried on the aircraft.

2.18.5 Perishable Cargo

Due to individual procedures being applicable for different perishable goods, the following different load information codes are used:

 Foodstuffs - food for human or animal consumption (EAT)  Hatching eggs (HEG)  Live human organs (LHO)  Flowers/plants (PEF)  Meat (PEM) and seafood/fish (PES) shall be handled as WET  Fruits and vegetables (PEP)  All perishable goods other than flowers, meat, seafood or fish (PER)

Perishable cargo requiring special attention during flight, e.g. recommended temperatures and/or ventilation, shall be entered in the remarks box of the Load and Trimsheet. In case of thermographs (shipper owned) being used in temperature sensitive loads, the cargo department shall inform the aircraft handling department accordingly, a respective remark for enroute transit, and destination stations shall be entered in LDM, ALI or CPM, showing the code "TMG" and loading position.

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EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Description of Project

Loading - Perishable cargo shall be accepted for carriage only if properly packed in order to avoid damage and/or contamination to other loads, ULDs or compartments.

Pallets with flowers, fruit or vegetables must not be covered with plastic foils - Perishable cargo, refrigerated with wet ice or containing fluids or moisture which could leak (e.g. meat, fish or other sea foods - fresh, salted, smoked or frozen) shall be treated as "Wet Cargo". Perishable cargo, refrigerated with dry ice (ICE) shall be handled according to the respective regulations. Care shall be taken when stacking perishable items so that lower layers of the stack are not damaged by the weight of the upper layers.

Foodstuffs (EAT)

Foodstuffs shall not be loaded together with poisons (RPB) or infectious substances (RIS) in the same compartment, unless they are loaded in separate ULDs not adjacent to each other. Foodstuffs shall not be loaded in close proximity of live animals (AVI) and human remains (HUM).

Hatching Eggs (HEG)

Hatching eggs shall not be stowed in close proximity of dry ice (ICE) and cryogenic liquids (RCL). The temperature in the compartment should remain between 10°C and 15°C during flight and should not exceed 27°C.

2.18.6 Disposal of Unclaimed or Leaked Cargo

Unclaimed or leaked Cargo will be disposed as per applicable environmental regulations.

2.19 Water Requirement and Its Management

2.19.1 Expected Population per Day at Proposed Civil Enclave

The expected population per day at the Civil Enclave is given below:

Arriving and Departing Passengers - 4000 Airport Staff - 200 Drivers/Visitors - 400

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EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Description of Project

Water required as per National Building Code 2016 is given below.

Air Passenger - 70 Litres/Head Terminal Staff - 45 Litres/Head/Day Visitors - 15 Litres/Head/Day Food court per Seat - 35 Litres/Head/Day

2.19.2Total Water Required

Water requirement for the proposed civil enclave is estimated in Table 2.2. Total water requirement is estimated as 632 kld for domestic, HVAC and horticulture. As treated wastewater will be utilised for horticulture, therefore fresh water requirement is estimated as 387 kld. Summary of water requirement for the proposed civil enclave at Agra is given in Table 2.3.

2.19.3Sources of Water

Water requirement will be met through tube wells which will be drilled at the site after obtaining necessary permission from competent Authority.

2.19.4Disposal of Treated Waste Water

The water requirement for landscaping will be met through reuse of treated waste water from STP. There will be zero discharge of treated waste water outside the proposed civil enclave.

2.20 Sources of Pollution and Its Control

At the proposed Civil Enclave, details of emissions, effluents, solid wastes and hazardous waste generation and their management are given below:

Source of Emissions – At the proposed Civil Enclave, sources of emissions will be from Aircraft during taxing and at apron, vehicular emissions from vehicles engaged in ground operations, vehicular emissions from vehicles coming for drop and pick up of passengers and stack emission from natural gas fired power engines operations during grid power failure. Details of estimation of emissions from various sources are given in Section 4.4.5 of Chapter 4.

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EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Description of Project

Effluents Generation and Disposal – From the proposed Civil Enclave, 272 kld sewage will be generated, which will be treated in MBBR based sewage treatment plant od 300 kld capacity. Treated waste water from STP will be used for flushing and greenery development at the proposed Civil Enclave. There will be zero discharge of treated waste water from the proposed Civil Enclave.

Solid Waste Generation and Its Management – Approx 600 kg per day solid wastes comprising paper, plastic, etc. will be generated from the proposed Civil Enclave, which will be disposed as per Solid Waste Management Rules 2016.

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 2-26

2-27 2-27

302 302 100 230 230 632 9,000 6,000 7,000 100000 230.02 230.02 280,000 302,000 Total Water Demand (l/day)

128 128 4,000 2,000 2,000 120,000 128,000 Flushing Flushing Water Demand

174 174 5,000 4,000 5,000 160,000 174,000 Potable Water Demand

5 30 20 10 LPCD for LPCD for Flushing Water

40 25 10 25 LPCD for LPCD for Potable water

Description of Project

l Purpose in kld

Peak Peak

200 400 200 4000 Daily Daily per day) per day) population population Population Population 7.5 hr 7.5 (Considering (Considering ite = 16.43 Acres @ 14,000 ltr./Acres)

ave Pradesh at Agra Airport, Uttar

700 2-27 Total Population at Peak hour Total Water Demand for Al Table 2.2: Water Requirement Calculations for Proposed Civil Enclave at Agra at Agra Enclave Civil for Proposed Calculations Requirement Water 2.2: Table Description Description Building Terminal (Passenger Load) Permanent Terminal Population Building Airlines & O&M, (AAI, Vendors) Visitors etc. for Water Requirement for Food Lit /seat @ 35 Court Litre/day Total in KLD Total in Demand Soft Water Towers for Cooling requirements Make-up Soft water (kld) Say in Demand Water Horticulture 33 % of Total Site area (Total S Say in (kld)

1 2 3 4 5 6 S. No.

EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Encl ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Description of Project

Table 2.3: Summary of Water Requirement for Proposed Civil Enclave at Agra A Total Water Demand (in kld) 1) DOMESTIC WATER DEMAND (i) Total Potable Water Demand 174 (ii) Total Flushing Water Demand 128 Total Domestic Water Demand 302 2) Total Horticulture Water Demand 230 3) Total Soft Water Demand 100 Grand Total of Water Demands for all Purposes 632

B Total Available Treated Effluent for Recycling (In kld) Total Sewerage Generated (Total Domestic Demand x 1) 272 0.9) Total Treated Effluent Water Available from STP for 2) 245 Recycling (90%) Total of Available Water for Re-use 245

C Total Utilized Treated Effluent (In kld) 1) Amount Reused for Horticulture Purposes 230 1) Amount Reused for HVAC/Flushing 15

D Balance Water Requirements (In kld) Daily Fresh Water Required per Day for Potable 1) 302 Purpose 2) Daily Fresh Water Required for HVAC 85

3) Total Daily Net Fresh Water Demand in KLD 387

Hazardous Waste Generation and Its Disposal - Approx 70 Litres used oil from maintenance of power generator sets will be generated, which will be handed over to MOEFC/CPCB/UPPCB approved recyclers.

2.21 Connectivity

The proposed civil enclave will be approached from Agra – Kagarol Road, which adjacent to proposed civil enclave site. The connectivity to proposed civil enclave is already available though NH-3 to NH-11 to NH-2 Bypass also. As proposed civil enclave site is located outside Agra City, it will not affect city traffic.

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EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Description of Project

2.22 Project Cost and Time of Completion

The estimated cost of the proposed civil enclave at Agra is Rs. 300 Crores. The construction will be completed within 24 months time.

2.23 Manpower Requirement

The total estimated manpower requirement for construction and operation phases of the proposed civil enclave at Agra is given in Table 2.4:

Table 2.4: Estimated Manpower Requirement for Proposed Civil Enclave Sn. Phase Regular Contract A. Direct Employment 1. Construction Phase 15 150 to 200 2. Operation Phase 20 90 B. Indirect Employment More than 2000

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EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Description of Environment

CHAPTER – 3

DESCRIPTION OF ENVIRONMENT

3.1 Introduction

The reconnaissance survey of the area around the new Civil Enclave adjecent to Agra Airforce Base was carried out on 20 March to 23 March 2018 and the field studies were carried out for one season during pre- monsoon season (from 1st April to 30th June 2018) to collect primary and secondary data for the baseline environmental scenario in the study area for the EIA study.

A comprehensive primary and secondary data collection program was undertaken to assess the status of baseline environment conditions within the study area, as per the TOR issued by MOEF&CC for carrying out the EIA/EMP study for one season from 1st April to 30th June 2018 during pre-monsoon season. The area covered by 10 km radius around the new Civil Encalve site has been considered for the study.

Land, surface and ground water, soil, meteorology, ambient air, ambient noise constitute the physical environment, while flora and fauna constitute the biological environment of the study area. Demographic and socio-economic conditions of the study area were also studied during the study period. The environmental monitoring was carried out for ambient air quality, water quality, soil characteristics, noise levels, meteorology, etc. Physical, biological and socio-economic environmental conditions within 10 km radius study have been discussed in the following sections.

3.2 Topography And Physiography

Physiographically, the study area is almost an open plain with slight undulation along the Yamuna River and located in in Indo Gangetic plain. Slopes in the area are generally from the South - West to the North -east. Yamuna is perennial river in the study area, which is flowing in the study area. The ground elevation of the project site varies from 167 m to 169 m above mean sea level. Topography is having altitude varying 166 m to 179 m amsl with the 10 km radius study area. There is no hill outcrop in the study area. The site of the proposed civil enclave is not affected by floods.

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 3-1 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Description of Environment

3.3 Geology of the Area

The study area arround the proposed civil enclave is structurally a part of the Gangetic plain, which has been formed by the in-filling of the Indo-Ganga through during the Pleistocene period. It has an alluvial cover of 400-1500 m deep. The Gangetic plain is distinguished between the older and the newer alluvium. The older is usually composed of argillaceous beds, where kanker, an impure carbonate of lime and pislitic ferruginous concretions are disseminated. Kanker is often associated with defective drainage.

The district of Agra occupies a part of Indo-Gangetic plain and its major part is underlain by alluvial sediments of Quaternary age comprising mainly a sequence of clay, silt, sand of different grades, gravels and kankar in varying proportions. The alluvium was deposited over the slopes of the basement of Vindhyan rocks e.g. sand stone, shale, silt stone etc. The generalised geological succession is as follows:

3.4 Natural Hazards and Disaster Risk

The occurrence of earthquakes affecting region is attributed to various geological and tectonic features, such as, Great Himalayan Boundary fault zone, Moradabad and Lucknow faults, and the Aravalli fault zone. Etawah, Firozabad and its surrounding area lie in a region where no earthquake of any significance has occurred in the past. In the seismic zoning map of India, the site has been placed in Zone III. Seismo-hazard map of the region is shown in Figure 3.1.

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Figure 3.1: Seismo-Tectonic/Earthquake in The Area

3.5 Soil of the Study Area

The soil of the study area consists of alluvial deposit dominated by sediment constituents. Soil in the area is deep and generally very fertile and possesses mostly loamy, sandy loam and clay loam in texture. The colour of soil in the study area varies from brown to yellowish. The top surface of soil consists of mostly sandy loamy to loamy with medium plasticity.

3.5.1 Soil Characteristics

To understand the soil characteristics, 8 locations in the study area were selected for soil sampling. The soil sampling locations are shown in Table 3.1 and Figure 3.2. Composite sampling of soil upto root depth (10 - 15 cm) was carried out at each location.

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Table 3.1: Soil Sampling Locations Sn. Soil Sampling Cordinates Direction & Distance Locations 1. Project Site N 27o08’32.8” -- E 77o56’41.4” 2. Abhaypura N 27o07’52.6” WSW (1.60 Km) E 77o55’51.7” 3. Barara N 27o08’05.5” W (4.17 km) E 77o54’15.7” 4. Patholi Village N 27o09’38.2” N (2.37 km) E 77o56’32.8” 5. Dhanauli N 27o08’29.9” E (1.64 km) E 77o58’02.3” 6. Prithivinath Shahganj N 27o10’23.0” NE (4.16 Km) E 77o58’31.1” 7 Bamrauli Ahir N 27o07’03.5” SE (3.46 Km) E 77o58’44.6” 8 Syam Nagar N 27o09’34.8” ENE (3.87 Km) E 77o59’02.2”

The value of important physical and chemical parameters of these soil samples are given in Table 3.2. From the tabulated values, the following conclusions can be made about the physical and chemical characteristics of the soil samples.

Texture: Soil samples from all eight locations are loam, sandy loam, sandy clay, silt loam and sandy clay loam in texture.

pH: pH was determined by taking 1:5 ratio of soil and distilled water. pH of soil in the study area is found to be slightly alkaline in the range of 7.17 to 8.14.

Bulk Density: Bulk density of soil in the study area is found to be in the range from 1.24 to 1.53 g/cc.

Electrical Conductivity: Electrical conductivity of the soil in the study area is found to be in the range of 0.058 to 0.216 μs/cm.

Available Nitrogen: Nitrogen content of the soil samples in the study area ranges from 246 to 517 kg/ha.

Available Phosphorous: Phosphorous content of the soil samples in the study area is ranges from 25.8 to 71.7 mg/kg.

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Available Potassium: Potassium content of the soil samples in the study area ranges from 197 to 405 mg/kg.

Exchangeable Calcium: Calcium content of the soil samples in the study area ranges from 4.89 to 10.8 meq/100g.

Exchangeable Magnesium: Magnesium content of the soil samples in the study area ranges from 1.97 to 5.41 meq/100g.

Exchangeable Sodium: Sodium content of the soil samples in the study area ranges from 0.81 to 2.94 meq/100g.

Organic Matter: Organic matter in the soil samples in the study area ranges from 0.41 to 0.98 %.

Figure 3.2: Soil Sampling Locations of the Study Area

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 3-5 3-6 S8 325 197 7.56 1.23 25.8 4.89 2.33 1.23 0.63 40.2 20.1 39.7 Loam 0.083

S7 284 268 7.35 1.33 69.5 10.8 5.41 2.14 0.79 51.8 23.6 24.6 Loam 0.168 Sandy Clay Sandy

Description of Environment

S6 391 321 7.17 1.53 47.6 5.11 2.15 0.81 0.50 29.6 14.5 55.9 0.058 Silt Loam Silt Loam

S5 463 368 8.05 1.37 30.6 9.74 3.82 1.67 0.74 38.3 16.6 45.1 Loam 0.107

S4 517 405 Clay 8.14 1.28 71.5 10.5 4.23 2.94 0.98 47.3 37.3 15.4 0.216 Sandy Sandy

ics of the Study Area S3 246 274

7.88 1.38 28.4 8.68 3.45 2.36 0.41 55.6 15.6 28.8 Loam 0.114 Sandy Sandy

S2 302 211 7.36 1.47 36.6 7.63 1.97 1.71 0.56 53.6 11.2 35.2 Loam 0.071 Sandy Sandy

Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Uttar Airport, Agra

S1 370 315 7.48 1.41 51.8 5.68 2.74 1.05 0.47 41.8 21.6 36.6 Loam Loam 0.098 Table 3.2: Soil Characterist ous, Kg/ha Kg/ha ous, roposed New Civil Enclave at Civil New roposed Parameters Parameters Suspension) pH (1:5 Density Bulk mS/cm Electrical conductivity, (1:5 Suspension) Kg/ha Available Nitrogen, Available Phosphor Kg/ha Available Potassium, Ca, Calcium as Exchangeable meq/100g as Magnesium Exchangeable Mg, meq/100g Na, as Sodium Exchangeable m.eq/100g Organic matter (%) Classification Texture (%) Sand Clay (%) Silt (%)

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Sn

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3.6 Hydrogeology of the Study Area

3.6.1 Hydrogeological Set-up

The aquifers system of the study area is made up mainly of the alluvial sandy facies in the form of granular zones of sands, gravels and rock particles occasionally mixed with kankars. These aquifers have good permeability and transmissivity due to the interconnected pore spaces and interstices between the sand grains and gravels. The aquifers of the study area existing in between 21 meter to 220 mbgl have the transmissivity (T) varying from 25 to 1205 m2/day. The storavity (S) values vary from 4.8×10E-6 to 8.5×10E-4.. The clayey facies, mainly constituted of clays occasionally mixed with silt and kankar, occur in the form of beds and lenses. These beds and lenses have very insignificant permeability and transmissivity values, hence act as the confining layers or hard-pans. These confining layers of the clayey facies and the granular zones of the sandy facies are more or less occurring in an alternating pattern, and hence provide a multi layered framework to the aquifer system. The upper most phreatic aquifer exhibits water table conditions, whereas comparatively deeper aquifers are semi-confined to confined type. The phreatic or water table aquifers are mainly recharged by rainfall, and seepage from surface water bodies viz. canals, lakes and ponds etc. The withdrawal of ground water from these aquifers is mainly made through the shallow tubewells of cavity/strainer type, borings, hand pumps and dug wells etc. The base flow of the perennial rivers/tributaries and the water requirements of the deep-rooted phreatophitic plants are also met by this upper most phreatic aquifer system. The unconfined aquifers are comparatively more sensitive to the seasonal and environmental changes. The deeper aquifers existing in between the prominent confining layers are under semi-confined to confined conditions, generally encountered below the depth of 50 mbgl. A perusal of subsurface geological sections there is by and large, two tier Aquifer system of the semiconfined to confined aquifers occurring down to the depth of 231 mbgl.

3.6.2 Drainage Pattern

The drainage system of the area is controlled by the river Yamuna and it's tributaries. Rivers in the area are mainly flowing in accordance with the general slope of the land surface viz. northwest to southeast, therefore it is consequent types and broadly exhibiting the 'Dendritic type' of drainage pattern. The main southern bank tributaries of the Yamuna river are Khari in the outer part of the study area.

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3.7 Water Resources

Water resources of the study area are classified into the following categories:

 Surface Water Resources: Yamuna Nadi and Terminal distributary (Agra Canal), Agra distributary, park minor, Khari Nadi etc  Ground Water Resources: Accumulation of water in deeper strata of ground.

Yamuna river is flowing at distance of 9.1 Km from the project site. The source of recharging for surface water and ground water in the area are from the atmospheric precipitation, which is in the form of rainfall and water bodies flowing in the study area. In the area groundwater is drawn mostly by hand pumps for domestic purpose and by tube wells for industrial, commercial, agricultural purposes.

3.7.1. Eligibility for Ground Water Abstract for Proposed Civil Enclave

The site for proposed civil enclave is located in Akola Assessment unit of District Agra as per CGWA (http://www.cgwa-noc.gov.in/ Sub/ CheckEligibility/ CheckEligibility.aspx). Ground water withdrawal is allowed for infrastructure project in the area. Environmental clearance/consents from UPPCB is prerequisite for online submission of application to CGWA. Prior permission will be obtained from Central Ground Water Authority (CGWA) for proposed tube wells for withdrawal of ground water. Snapshot of eligibility for applying for NOC and document requirement is given is given in Annexure 4. Application for CGWA will be submission on obtaining Environmental Clearance for proposed Civil Enclave at Agra.

3.8 Water Quality in Study Area

3.8.1 Ground Water Quality in Study Area

The quality of ground and surface water is influenced by surface and sub- surface environmental conditions. The quantity and quality of water entering the underground regime is another important parameter which influences underground water quality. Water quality in the study area has been studied for assessing the water environment and to evaluate anticipated impacts of the proposed Civil Enclave at Agra. Based on the reconnaissance survey, sampling locations were finalized keeping the following criteria as basis:

 drainage pattern;  location of residential areas representing different activities/likely impact areas; and  likely areas which can represent baseline conditions.

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A. Water Sampling Locations

For assessing the ground water quality in the study area, water samples were collected from 8 locations from the study area, i.e. at Balhera (Project Site), Abhaypura, Barara, Patholi Village, Dhanauli, Prithivinath Shahganj, Bamrauli Ahir and Syam Nagar. Surface Water Samples collected from River Yamuna and Dhanauli pond. The samples were collected and analyzed as per the procedures specified in 'Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater' published by American Public Health Association (APHA). The details of ground and surface water sampling locations are given in Table 3.3 are shown in Figure 3.3.

Table 3.3: Ground and Surface Water Sampling Locations Sn. Locations Cordinates Direction & Distance I. Ground Water 1. Balhera (Project Site) N 27o08’41.1” NW (0.37 Km) E 77o56’34.2” 2. Abhaypura N 27o07’57.5” SW (1.36 Km) E 77o55’57.5” 3. Barara N 27o08’04.1” W (4.10 km) E 77o54’18.5” 4. Patholi Village N 27o09’41.7” N (2.46 km) E 77o56’24.8” 5. Dhanauli N 27o08’29.3” E (1.72 km) E 77o58’04.9” 6. Prithivinath Shahganj N 27o10’23.4” NE (4.18 Km) E 77o58’32.9” 7 Bamrauli Ahir N 27o07’13.3” SE (3.30 Km) E 77o58’30.3” 8 Syam Nagar N 27o09’34.3” NE (3.66 Km) E 77o59’00.7” II. Surface Water 9 River Yamuna N 27o10’32.2” NE (9.33 Km) E 77o02’12.4” 10 Dhanauli Pond N 27 68 28.3 E (0.8 Km) E 77 57 34.8

Samples for chemical analysis were collected in polyethylene carboys. Samples

collected for metal content were acidified with 1 ml HNO3. Samples for bacteriological analysis are collected in sterilized glass bottles. Selected physico-chemical parameters have been analysed for projecting the existing water quality status in the study area.

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Figure 3.3: Ground and Surface Water Sampling Locations

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B. Characteristics of Ground Water Samples

The collected water samples were analysed for organoleptic & physical and chemical parameters as parameters described in IS:10500:2012. These surface water samples were analysed as IS:2296. Table 3.4 gives desirable and permissible limits prescribed for potable water in IS:10500: 2012.

Table 3.4: Indian Standard Specification for Drinking Water Sl. Characteristic Permissible Protocol No. Acceptable Limit in the Limit) Absence of Alternate Source I Organoleptic and Physical Parameters i) Colour, Hazen units, Max 5 15 IS 3025 (Part 4) ii) Odour Agreeable Agreeable IS 3025 (Part 5a) iii) pH value 6.5-8.5 No IS 3025 (Part relaxation 11) iv) Taste Agreeable Agreeable IS 3025 (Part 7&8) v) Turbidity, NTU, Max 1 5 IS 3025 (Part 10) vi) Total dissolved solids, mg/l, 500 2000 IS 3025 (Part Max 16) II General Parameters Concerning Substances Undesirable in Excessive Amounts i) Aluminium (as Al), mg/l, 0.03 0.2 IS 3025 (Part Max 55) ii) Ammonia (as total 0.5 No IS 3025 (Part ammonia-N), mg/l, Max relaxation 34) iii) Anionic Detergents (as 0.2 1.0 IS 13428 MBAS) mg/l, Max iv) Barium (as Ba), mg/l, Max 0.7 No IS 15302 relaxation v) Boron (as B), mg/l, Max 0.5 1.0 IS 3025 (Part 57) vi) Calcium (as Ca), mg/l, Max 75 200 IS 3025 (Part 40) vii) Chloramines (as Cl2), mg/l, 4.0 No IS 3025 (Part Max relaxation 26) viii) Chloride (as Cl), mg/l, Max 250 1000 IS 3025 (Part 32) ix) Copper (as Cu), mg/l, Max 0.05 1.5 IS 3025 (Part 42) x) Fluoride (as F) mg/l, Max 1.0 1.5 IS 3025 (Part 60)

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Sl. Characteristic Permissible Protocol No. Acceptable Limit in the Limit) Absence of Alternate Source xi) Free residual chlorine, mg/l, 0.2 1 IS 3025 (Part Min 26) xii) Iron (as Fe), mg/l, Max 0.3 No IS 3025 (Part relaxation 53) xiii) Magnesium (as Mg), mg/l, 30 100 IS 3025 (Part Max 46) xiv) Manganese (as Mn), mg/l, 0.1 0.3 IS 3025 (Part Max 59) xv) Mineral oil, mg/l, Max 0.5 No IS 3025 (Part relaxation 39) xvi) Nitrate (as NO3), mg/l, Max 45 No IS 3025 (Part relaxation 34) xvii) Phenolic compounds (as 0.001 0.002 IS 3025 (Part C6H5OH), mg/l, Max 43) xviii) Selenium (as Se), mg/l, Max 0.01 No IS 3025 (Part relaxation 56) xix) Silver (as Ag), mg/l, Max 0.1 No IS 13428 relaxation xx) Sulphate (as SO4) mg/l, 200 400 IS 3025 (Part Max 24) xxi) Sulphide (as H2S), mg/l, 0.05 No IS 3025 (Part Max relaxation 29) xxii) Total Alkalinity as Calcium, 200 600 IS 3025 (Part mg/l, Max 23) xxiii) Total Hardness (as CaCO3), 200 600 IS 3025 (Part mg/l, Max 21) xxiv) Zinc (as Zn), mg/l, Max 5 15 IS 3025 (Part 49) III Parameters Concerning Toxic Substances i) Cadmium (as Cd), mg/l, 0.003 No IS 3025 (Part Max relaxation 41) ii) Cyanide (as CN), mg/l, Max 0.05 No IS 3025 (Part relaxation 27) iii) Lead (as Pb), mg/l, Max 0.01 No IS 3025 (Part relaxation 47) iv) Mercury (as Hg), mg/l, Max 0.001 No IS 3025 (Part relaxation 48) v) Molybdenum (as Mo), mg/l, 0.07 No IS 3025 (Part 2) Max relaxation vi) Nickel (as Ni), mg/l, Max 0.02 No IS 3025 (Part relaxation 54) vii) Polychlorinated biphenyls, 0.0005 No APHA 6630 mg/l, Max relaxation

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Sl. Characteristic Permissible Protocol No. Acceptable Limit in the Limit) Absence of Alternate Source viii) Polynuclear aromatic 0.0001 No APHA 6630 hydrocarbons (as PAH), relaxation mg/l, Max ix) Total Arsenic (as As), mg/l, 0.01 0.05 IS 3025 (Part Max 37) x) Total chromium (as Cr), 0.05 No IS 3025 (Part mg/l, Max relaxation 52 xi) Trihalomethanes a) Bromoform, mg/l, Max 0.1 No ASTM D 3973- relaxation 85 or APHA 6232 b) Dibromochloromethane, 0.1 No ASTM D 3973- mg/l, Max relaxation 85 or APHA 6232 c) Bromodichloromethane, 0.06 No ASTM D 3973- mg/l, Max relaxation 85 or APHA 6232 d) Chloroform, mg/l, Max 0.2 No ASTM D 3973- relaxation 85 or APHA 6232 IV Bacteriological Quality of Drinking Water i All water intended for Shall not be detectable in drinking, any 100 ml sample a) E. coli or thermotolerant coliform bacteria (TCB) Source: Bureau of Indian Standard Code IS: 10500:2012

The analysis results of ground water samples collected during the study period are given in Table 3.5.

Colour: The colour of ground water samples was found <1 Hazen unit and meets the acceptable limit of drinking water standards.

Odour: The odour in ground water samples was agreeable and meets the acceptable limit for drinking water standards.

pH: The pH value of all ground water samples ranges from 6.51 to 7.56 and meets the acceptable drinking water standards.

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Turbidity: The turbidity of water samples was found <1 NTU unit and meets acceptable limit at all the ground water sampling locations.

Total Dissolved Solids (TDS): The TDS in ground water samples range from 296 to 798 mg/l and meeting permissible limit of 2000 mg/l in all the ground water sampling locations.

Total Hardness: The total hardness of ground water samples range between 196 mg/l to 450 mg/l and meets permissible limit of 600 mg/l in all the ground water sampling locations.

Total Alkalinity: Total alkalinity in ground water samples ranges from 132 mg/l to 346 mg/l. Total alkalinity values in many ground water samples exceeding acceptable limit of 200 mg/l, however meeting permissible limit of 600 mg/l in all the ground water sampling locations.

Iron: The iron content in all ground water sample ranges from BDL to 0.27 mg/l and meets acceptable limits of 0.28 mg/l at all the ground water sampling locations.

Chloride: The chloride content in ground water samples range from 63 mg/l to 212 mg/l and meets acceptable limit of 250 mg/l at all the ground water sampling locations.

Calcium: The calcium content in ground water samples range from 55 mg/l to 118 mg/l and meets permissible limit of 200 mg/l in all the ground water sampling locations.

Magnesium: The magnesium content in ground water samples range from 10 mg/l to 53 mg/l and meets permissible limit of 100 mg/l in all the ground water sampling locations.

Sulphate: Sulphate content in ground water samples ranges from 21 to 132 mg/l and meets the acceptable limit of 200 mg/l at all the ground water sampling locations.

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Nitrate: Nitrate content in ground water samples ranges from 1 mg/l to 21 mg/l and meet the acceptable limit of 45 mg/l at all the ground water sampling locations.

Fluoride: Fluoride content in ground water samples ranges from 0.1 mg/l to 0.81 at all locations meets acceptable limit of 1 mg/l at all the ground water sampling locations.

Bacteriological Quality of Drinking Water: Total Coliform including Escherichia coli (E. coli) was not be detectable in any ground water sample.

Other parameters : Copper (Cu), Phenolic compounds, Mercury (Hg), Cadmium (Cd), Selenium (Se), Arsenic (As), Lead (Pb), Total Chromium (Cr) contents were found below detection limit (BDL) in ground water samples.

III. Conclusions

The results of ground water samples were compared to Indian Standard Specification of drinking water IS: 10500:2012. Most of analysed parameters meets acceptable limit while other parameters are meeting permissible limit in the absence of alternate sourc. The ground water resources in the study area were found fit for drinking purpose.

3.8.2 Surface Water Quality in Study Area

During the study period, surface water samples were collected and analysed from Yamuna River and Dhanauli Pond. The analysis results for Yamuna River and Dhanauli Pond water samples are given in Table 3.6. The characteristics of surface water samples are described below:

Colour: The colour in Yamuna River and Dhanauli Pond water samples were found 15 and 2 Hazen unit, respectively.

Turbidity: Turbidity in Yamuna River and Dhanauli Pond water samples was found 9.2 and 1.1 NTU, respectively.

pH: pH in Yamuna River and Dhanauli Pond water samples was found 7.96 and 7.12, respectively.

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Total Dissolved Solids (TDS): TDS in Yamuna River and Dhanauli Pond water samples was found 893 and 342 mg/l, respectively.

Total Hardness: Total hardness of Yamuna River and Dhanauli Pond water samples was found 340 and 306 mg/l, respectively.

Iron: Total hardness in Yamuna River and Dhanauli Pond water samples was found 2.11 and 0.86 mg/l, respectively.

Chloride: Chloride content in Yamuna River and Dhanauli Pond water samples was found 261 and 73 mg/l, respectively.

Total Suspended Solid (TSS): Total Suspended Solid in Yamuna River and Dhanauli Pond water samples was found 46 and 63 mg/l, respectively.

Total Alkalinity: Total alkalinity in Yamuna River and Dhanauli Pond water samples was found 310 and 141 mg/l, respectively.

Calcium: Calcium content in Yamuna River and Dhanauli Pond water samples was found 73 and 57 mg/l, respectively.

Magnesium: Magnesium content in Yamuna River and Dhanauli Pond water samples was found 38 and 17 mg/l, respectively.

Sulphate: Sulphate content in Yamuna River and Dhanauli Pond water samples was found 102 and 32 mg/l, respectively.

Nitrate: Nitrate content in Yamuna River and Dhanauli Pond water samples was found 7 and 3 mg/l, respectively.

Fluoride: Fluoride content of Yamuna River and Dhanauli Pond water samples was found 0.96 and 0.47 mg/l, respectively.

Desolved Oxygen (DO): Desolved Oxygen in Yamuna River and Dhanauli Pond water samples was found 3.6 and 6.1 mg/l, respectively.

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 3-16

3-17 3-17 63 21 13 13 12 55 17 <1 <1 498 296 204 132 BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL 6.51 0.10 0.28

GW 8 8 GW (<0.05) (<0.05) (<0.03) (<0.001) (<0.001) Agreeable

44 35 66 80 <1 <1 1.1 843 462 252 180 114 BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL 6.93 0.31 12.6 0.09 GW 7 7 GW (<0.05) (<0.05) (<0.03) (<0.001) (<0.001) Agreeable

Description of Environment

78 17 95 29 <1 <1 7.8 701 450 320 145 118 BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL 7.56 0.66 0.14 1340 GW 6 6 GW (<0.05) (<0.03) (<0.05) (<0.001) (<0.001) Agreeable

67 52 33 44 80 22 <1 <1 1.6 768 438 290 210 BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL 7.35 0.80 0.11 0.05 ing Study Period Period ing Study GW 5 5 GW (<0.05) (<0.03) (<0.001) (<0.001) Agreeable

7 14 81 53 <1 <1 798 420 290 177 132 112 BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL 7.36 0.75 0.16 1412 GW 4 4 GW (<0.05) (<0.05) (<0.03) (<0.001) (<0.001) Agreeable

Study Area dur 1 97 45 92 74 34 <1 <1 4.9 993 556 325 346 BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL 7.37 0.40 0.17 0.05 GW 3 3 GW (<0.05) (<0.03) (<0.001) (<0.001) Agreeable

66 11 60 18 <1 <1 2.6 617 224 170 212 128 BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL 7.36 0.81 0.08 0.22 1050 GW 2 2 GW (<0.05) (<0.03) (<0.001) (<0.001) Agreeable 93 32 21 67 75 10 <1 <1 1.3 690 398 196 184 BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL 7.23 0.46 001) GW 1 1 GW (<0.05) (<0.05) (<0.05) (<0.05) (<0.03) BDL(<0. (<0.001) Agreeable - - NTU mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l Unit Unit Hazen Hazen μS/cm μS/cm

d New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Uttar Airport, Enclave at Agra Civil New d 3 3 Table 3.5: Ground Water Quality in the

4

3 Parameters Parameters Colour Odour pH at 25°C Electrical Conductivity, Turbidity Solids Total Dissolved as CaCO Total Hardness as CaCO Total Alkalinity Chloride as Cl as SO Sulphate Fluoride as F Nitrate as NO Ammonia as N Sodium as Na K Potassium as Calcium as Ca Magnesium as Mg Iron as Fe as Mn Manganese Phenolic compounds as Phenol Copper as Cu as Hg Mercury as Cd Cadmium 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 Sn

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GW 8 8 GW Absent Absent (<0.01) (<0.01) (<0.05) (<0.01) (<0.03) (<0.02) (<0.03) (<0.001) BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL 0.07 GW 7 7 GW Absent Absent (<0.01) (<0.01) (<0.05) (<0.01) (<0.03) (<0.02) (<0.03) (<0.001)

Description of Environment BD BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL 0.06 GW 6 6 GW Absent Absent (<0.01) (<0.01) (<0.05) (<0.03) (<0.02) (<0.03) L(<0.01) L(<0.01) (<0.001) BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL 0.14 GW 5 5 GW Absent Absent (<0.01) (<0.01) (<0.05) (<0.01) (<0.03) (<0.02) (<0.03) (<0.001) BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL 0.12 GW 4 4 GW Absent Absent (<0.01) (<0.01) (<0.05) (<0.01) (<0.03) (<0.02) (<0.03) (<0.001) BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL 0.11 GW 3 3 GW Absent Absent (<0.01) (<0.01) (<0.05) (<0.01) (<0.03) (<0.02) (<0.03) (<0.001) BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL 0.18 GW 2 2 GW Absent Absent (<0.01) (<0.01) (<0.05) (<0.01) (<0.03) (<0.02) (<0.03) (<0.001) BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL BDL 0.13 GW 1 1 GW Absent Absent (<0.01) (<0.01) (<0.05) (<0.01) (<0.03) (<0.02) (<0.03) (<0.001) mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l Unit Unit MPN/ MPN/ MPN/ 100ml 100ml

d New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Uttar Airport, Enclave at Agra Civil New d Parameters Parameters as Se Selenium as As Total Arsenic Cyanide as CN as Pd Lead Zinc as Zn as Cr Total Chromium Nickel as Al Aluminium Total Coliforms E coli 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 Sn Date of Sampling: 03 and June 04 2018.

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Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD): Biological Oxygen Yamuna River and Dhanauli Pond Canal water samples was found 23.6 and 2.8 mg/l, respectively.

Chemical Oxygen Demand (CDO): Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) in Yamuna River and Dhanauli Pond water samples was found 64 and 14 mg/l, respectively.

Total Coliform: Total Coliform in Yamuna River and Dhanauli Pond water samples was found 3.6x104 and 1.7x103 mg/l, respectively.

E. Coliform: Faecal Coliform in Yamuna River and Dhanauli Pond water samples was found 2.1x103 and 1.1x102 mg/l, respectively.

Conclusions: The results of Yamuna River and Dhanauli Pond sample were compared to Indian Standard Specification of drinking water IS: 10500:2012. The surface water quality of Yamuna River and Dhanauli Pond is not fit for drinking and require treatment of water for potable and bathing use.

Table 3.6: Analysis Results of Surface Water Samples Sn. Parameters Unit Yamuna Dhanauli River Pond 1. Colour Hazen 15 2 2. Odour NTU Aggregable Aggregable 3. Turbidity -- 9.2 1.1 4. pH at 25°C mg/l 7.96 7.12 5. Electrical Conductivity, mg/l 1550 536 6. Total Dissolved Solids mg/l 893 342 7. Total Suspended Solids mg/l 46 63 8. Total Hardness as CaCO3 uS/cm 340 306 9. Total Alkalinity as CaCO3 mg/l 310 141 10. Chloride as Cl mg/l 261 73 11. Sulphate as SO4 mg/l 102 32 12. Fluoride as F mg/l 0.96 0.47 13. Nitrate as NO3 mg/l 7 3 14. Ammonia as NH3 mg/l 3.66 1.63 15. Phosphate as PO4 mg/l 1.44 0.92 16. Sodium as Na mg/l 175 35 17. Potassium as K mg/l 21.6 1.2 18. Calcium as Ca mg/l 73 57 19. Magnesium as Mg mg/l 38 17 20. Iron as Fe mg/l 2.11 0.86 21. Manganese as Mn mg/l 0.13 0.12

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Sn. Parameters Unit Yamuna Dhanauli River Pond 22. Phenolic compounds as Phenol mg/l BDL BDL (<0.001) (<0.001) 23. Copper as Cu mg/l 0.53 0.08 24. Mercury as Hg mg/l BDL BDL (<0.001) (<0.001) 25. Cadmium as Cd mg/l BDL BDL (<0.001) (<0.001) 26. Selenium as Se mg/l BDL BDL (<0.01) (<0.01) 27. Total Arsenic as As mg/l BDL BDL (<0.01) (<0.01) 28. Cyanide as CN mg/l BDL BDL (<0.05) (<0.05) 29. Lead as Pb mg/l 0.271 0.11 30. Zinc as Zn mg/l 3.66 0.63 31. Total Chromium as Cr mg/l BDL 0.174 (<0.03) 32. Nickel mg/l BDL BDL(<0.02) (<0.02) 33. Aluminum as Al mg/l BDL BDL(<0.03) (<0.03) 34. mg/l BDL BDL Anionic Surfactants as MBAS (<0.025) (<0.025) 35. Dissolved Oxygen mg/l 3.6 6.2 36. Chemical Oxygen Demand mg/l 64 18 37. Bio-Chemical Oxygen Demand mg/l 23.6 2.8 at 27°C for 3 days 38. MPN/ Total Coliforms 3.6x104 2.1x103 100 ml 39. MPN/ E coli 1.7x102 1.1x102 100 ml Date of Sampling: 06 June 2018.

3.9 Climatology and Meteorology

3.9.1 Introduction

The meteorological parameters play a vital role in transport and diffusion of pollutants in the atmosphere. The collection and analysis of meteorological data, therefore, is an essential component of environmental impact assessment studies. The long term and short-term impact assessment could be made through utilization and interpretation of meteorological data collected over long and short periods, respectively.

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3.9.2 Climatology

Climatological (long-term) data is obtained from the closest Indian Meteorology Department (IMD) station or from any other nearby station, which has been collecting meteorological data for more than ten years. Climatological data for proposed site was obtained and the same is discussed in following subsections.

Climatological Data For the Proposed Project

A. Seasons

The climate of area is characterized by an intensely hot summer, a cold winter and general dryness throughout the year except during south-west monsoon season. Generally these areas experience the following four seasons in a year:

Summer : March to June Monsoon : July to September Post-monsoon : October and November Winter : December to February

B. Temperature

Table 3.7 gives the temperatures at Agra IMD Station which is nearest IMD Station. June is the hottest month, the mean daily maximum temperature in that month being 46.1ºC. On individual day in this June sometimes the day temperature may reach over 47ºC. The nights are also quite oppressive and they continue to be so even in the monsoon months. With the onset of the monsoon after the middle of June the day temperature decrease by about 5 or 6 oC but the night temperature remains high. This continues till September. In October while the day temperatures remain as warm as September, the nights become cooler. From November both day and night temperatures steadily drop. January is the coldest month, when the mean daily maximum temperature is 27.3ºC and the mean daily minimum is 4.2ºC. In association with cold waves which affect the area in the wake of passing western disturbances, minimum temperatures sometimes drop as low as two degrees centigrade below the freezing point of water. The frosts often occur particularly in January and early February. The hot weather begins by March when temperature rise rather rapidly with the advance of the season.

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Table 3.7: Highest and Lowest Temperatures in the Area Month Highest Lowest Relative Humidity (%) Temperature Temperature 08.30 17.30 (oC) (oC) January 27.3 4.2 77 55 February 31.7 5.8 71 45 March 38.1 9.9 61 36 April 43.2 16.1 50 31 May 45.9 21.0 47 31 June 46.1 22.7 57 40 July 40.9 22.8 77 67 August 37.7 22.8 81 73 September 37.8 20.7 76 61 October 37.6 14.7 67 47 November 33.5 9.0 68 51 December 28.0 4.8 76 57 Annual 46.6 4.0 67 49 Source: IMD Station, Agra

Humidity

Table 3.7 also gives the relative humidity (RH) data at IMD station Agra. The air is very humid during monsoon and to a lesser extent when the monsoon is over. There is a considerable decrease in humidity in the cold season. The summer season is the driest part of the year when the humidity in the afternoon can be as low as 31% during April and May month.

The highest and lowest temperatures and monthly relative humidity are given in Figures 3.4 and 3.5, respectively.

Figure 3.4: Maximum and Minimum Temperature

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Figure 3.5: Monthly Relative Humidity

Rainfall

The area receives 733 mm rain fall annually, out of which 87.8 % rainfall received during monsoon months. There are total 38.8 rainy days in a year. Rainfall data for Agra IMD station is given Table 3.8. The values given parenthesis are rainy days. Graphical representation of the rainfall and rainy days in the area is given in Figure 3.6 and Figure 3.7, respectively .

Table : 3.8 : Rainfall data for The Area (mm) Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Annua l 9.5 12.7 8.4 7.5 15.1 74.3 205.8 233.6 129.8 28.0 3.5 4.3 732.5 (1.1) (1.1) (1.0) (0.7) (1.4) (3.5) (10.5) (11.5) (5.8) (1.4) (0.4) (0.4) (38.8) Source: IMD Station Agra

Figure 3.6: Rainfall Data for The Area

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Figure 3.7: Rainy Days for The Area

Wind Speed

Mean wind speed at Agra IMD station is given Table 3.9 and shown in Figure 3.8. Annual average wind speed at Agra IMD station is 2.9 kmph. Highest average monthly wind speed is observed to be in June (4.6 kmph) while lowest (1.3 kmph) in November and December months.

Table 3.9: Wind Speed in the Area Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Annua l 1.9 2.8 3.1 3.4 3.8 4.6 4.2 3.4 2.9 1.7 1.3 1.3 2.9 Source: IMD Station, Agra

Figure 3.8: Monthly Wind Speed In the Area

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Wind Direction

Winds are generally light or calm in the mornings. Predominant wind is from North-West Direction. Wind direction and wind speed for Agra IMD station at 8:30 hours and 17:30 hours are also given in Table 3.10. Calm period is 49 to 95 % in the area.

Table 3.10: Wind Direction in the Area Sn Months N NE E SE S SW W NW Calm 1. January 2 3 0 0 0 1 2 7 85 2 5 1 1 0 2 1 16 72 2. February 2 3 1 2 1 2 2 9 78 4 7 1 1 1 3 3 23 57 3. March 4 4 1 2 2 2 2 9 74 3 6 1 2 0 3 2 25 58 4. April 3 2 1 3 2 2 2 7 78 3 4 0 2 0 6 2 30 53 5. May 2 2 2 5 2 5 5 4 73 4 6 1 2 0 5 5 28 49 6. June 3 5 4 5 3 6 4 7 63 4 10 2 3 1 10 5 17 48 7. July 1 5 4 5 2 9 5 3 66 3 8 1 4 1 10 2 6 65 8. August 2 5 4 4 1 5 4 2 73 2 10 2 4 1 5 1 4 71 9. September 2 4 2 2 1 3 4 3 79 2 6 1 2 0 4 1 10 74 10. October 2 1 1 1 0 1 1 3 90 1 3 1 1 0 1 0 4 89 11. November 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 2 93 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 4 95 12. December 2 2 1 0 0 0 1 3 91 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 6 92 Annual 2 3 2 2 1 3 3 5 79 2 6 1 2 0 4 2 14 69 Source: IMD Station, Agra

Special Weather Phenomenon

Special weather phenomena are given in Table 3.11 for the area. Thunder occurs on an average 1.3 day in a year. Hail and squalls are rare in the region. Fog occurs occasionally for about 1.3 day. More than 0.3 mm precipitation is

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occurred on 48.7 days in a year. Dust storm occurs for about 4.6 days in a year.

Table 3.11 : Special Weather Phenomena in the Area Months PPT 0.3 Hail Thunder Fog Dust Squall mm or Storm more January 2.0 0 0.1 0.7 0 0 February 1.4 0 0 0 0 0 March 1.5 0 0.5 0 0.4 0 April 0.6 0 0 0 0.9 0 May 1.6 0 0.4 0.1 1.7 0 June 3.9 0 0.2 0 1.3 0 July 12.7 0 0.1 0 0.3 0 August 14.8 0 0 0 0 0 September 6.8 0 0 0 0 0 October 1,8 0 0 0 0 0 November 0.8 0 0 0 0 0 December 0.8 0 0 0.5 0 0 Annual 48.7 0 1.3 1.3 4.6 0 Source : IMD Station, Agra

3.9.3 Micro Meteorological Data For the Site

Micrometeorology data changes after a few kilometers due to changes in local topography. Furthermore, IMD data recorded only at 8:30 AM and 5:30 PM for only eight wind directions with wind speeds over widely spaced ranges is not of much use in dispersion modeling. Because of these limitations, micrometeorological data was collected near site round the clock.

The meteorological data, such as, wind speed and direction, ambient temperature, and relative humidity was collected near the site and is presented in Table 3.12 for pre- monsoon season.

Table 3.12: Summary of Micro Meteorological Conditions Near the Site Parameter During Study Period Temperature Max (oC) 45.2 Min (oC) 11.8

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Parameter During Study Period Relative Humidity Max (%) 55.7 Min (%) 33.1 Wind Speed Max (kmph) 6.2 Min (kmph) 1.8 Mean (kmph) 3.9

Predominant Wind Direction From NW towards SE Sector

A. Temperature

The maximum ambient temperature recorded near the site during the study period was 45.2 ˚C, while minimum temperature was recorded as 11.8 ˚C.

B. Relative Humidity

During the study period, maximum relative humidity recorded near site was 55.7% while minimum humidity was recorded as 33.1%.

C. Wind Speed

During the study period, maximum wind speed recorded near the site was 6.2 kmph while minimum wind speed was recorded as 1.8 kmph. Mean wind speed during the study period recorded as 3.9 kmph.

D. Wind Pattern

During the study period, predominant wind direction was recorded from NW towards SE Sector. Wind rose diagram for Day time and Night Time for study period are shown in Figure 3.9 and 3.10, respectively.

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3.10 Ambient Air Quality

3.10.1Introduction

To study, the baseline air quality scenario in the study area, eight ambient air quality monitoring (AAQM) stations were selected in the study area in different directions and at different distances from the new Civil Enclave site near Agra Airforce base keeping in view of the guidelines of the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MOEF&CC), Government of India.

3.10.2Methodology of Monitoring and Analysis

Envirotech APM 460 BL Respirable Dust Samplers (RDS) and Fine particles Sampler (Envirotech APM 550)/Ecotech (AAS 127) fine particulate matter were deployed for ambient air quality monitoring.

The baseline ambient air quality was monitored for the following parameters:

 Particulate Matter (PM2.5);

 Particulate Matter (PM10);

 Sulphur dioxide (SO2);

 Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2);

 Ozone (O3);  Lead (Pb);  Carbon Monoxide (CO);

 Ammonia (NH3);

 Benzene (C6H6);  Benzo (a) Pyrene (BaP);  Arsenic (As); and  Nickel (Ni).

Sampling and Analytical Techniques

PM2.5 and PM10 have been estimated by gravimetric method. Modified West and Gaeke method (IS-5182 part-II, 1969) have been adopted for estimation of

SO2. Jacobs-Hochheiser method (IS-5182 part-IV, 1975) has been adopted for

the estimation of NO2.

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Samples for carbon monoxide were analyzed using NDIR techniques. The techniques adopted for sampling and analysis are given in Table 3.13 along with the minimum detection limits for each parameter.

Table 3.13: Techniques Used For Ambient Air Quality Monitoring S. Parameter Technique Detectable No. Limit (μg/m3) 1. Particulate Matter Gravimetric [EPA -40 (CFR Part 50)] 2.0

(PM10) 2. Particulate Matter Gravimetric [EPA -40 (CFR Part 50)] 2.0

(PM2.5)

3. Sulphur Dioxide (SO2) Improved West and Gaeke 5.0 4. Nitrogen Dioxide Modified Jacob & Hochheiser 5.0

(NO2) 5. Carbon Monoxide NDIR [IS 13270 : 1992] 0.1 (CO)

6. Ammonia (NH3) Nesslers Method (APHA) 20

7. Ozone (O3) KI Absorption Method 5.0 8. Lead (Pb) AAS Method [IS 5182 (Part 22) : 0.1 2004] 9. Arsenic (As) AAS Method [IS 5182 (Part 22) : 0.001 2004] 10. Nickel (Ni) AAS Method [IS 5182 (Part 22) : 0.001 2004]

11. Benzone (C6H6) Adsorption & Desorption followed by 0.01 GC [IS 5182 (Part 11) : 2006] 12. Benzo (a) pyrene Solvent Extraction followed by GC 0.001 (BaP) Analysis [IS 5282 (Part 12) : 1991]

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 3-29 3-30 3-30

Description of Environment Environment Description of Diagram of the Study Area

Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Uttar Airport, Agra Figure 3.9:Figure Day Time Wind Rose

roposed New Civil Enclave at Civil New roposed

EIA for Development of P of EIA for Development ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 3-31 3-31

Description of Environment Environment Description of Diagram of the Study Area

Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Uttar Airport, Agra Figure 3.10: Night Time Wind Rose 3.10: Night Time Figure

roposed New Civil Enclave at Civil New roposed

EIA for Development of P of EIA for Development ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Description of Environment

3.10.3National Ambient Air Quality Standards

The national ambient air quality standards are given in Table 3.14. Monitored values for study have been compared with the National Ambient Air Quality Standards.

Table 3.14: National Ambient Air Quality Standards S. Pollutant Time Concentration in Ambient Air No Weighted Industrial Ecologically Average Residential, Sensitive Area Rural & Other (Notified by Areas Central Government) 1. Sulphur Dioxide Annual 50 20 3 (SO2)(g/m ) Average* 24 Hours** 80 80 2. Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) Annual 40 30 (g/m3) Average* 24 Hours** 80 80 3. Particulate Matter (Size Annual 60 60 Less Than 10 m) or Average* 3 PM10 (g/m ) 24 Hours** 100 100 4. Particulate Matter (Size Annual 40 40 Less Than 2.5 m) or Average* 3 PM2.5 (g/m ) 24 Hours** 60 60 3 5. Ozone O3 (g/m ) 8 Hours* 100 100 1 Hours** 80 80 6. Lead (Pb) (g/m3) Annual 0.5 0.5 Average* 24 Hours** 1.0 1.0 7. Carbon monoxide (CO) Annual 2 2 (mg/m3) Average* 24 Hours** 4 4 3 8. Ammonia (NH3) (g/m ) Annual 100 100 Average* 24 Hours** 400 400 3 9. Benzene (C6H6) (g/m ) Annual* 5 5 10. Benzo (a) Pyrane (BaP) Annual* 1 1 particulate phase only (ng/m3) 11. Arsenic (As) (ng/m3) Annual* 6 6 12. Nickel (Ni) (ng/m3) Annual* 20 20 Note: * Annual arithmetic mean of minimum 104 measurements in a year taken twice a week 24 hourly at uniform interval. ** 24 hourly /8 hourly values should be met 98% of the time in a year. However 2% of the time, it may exceed but not on two consecutive days.

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3.10.4Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Locations

For baseline ambient air quality data collection, the Balhera (Project Site), Abhaypura, Barara, Patholi Village, Dhanauli, Prithivinath Shahganj, Bamrauli Ahir and Syam Nagar were selected for ambient air quality monitoring based as per guidelines of CPCB.

Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Locations

The ambient air quality monitoring locations were selected for ambient air quality monitoring based as per guidelines of CPCB. Ambient quality monitoring locations are presented in Table 3.15 and Figure 3.11.

Table 3.15: Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Stations in Study Area SN AAQM Locations Cordinates Direction & Distance 1. Balhera (Project Site) N 27o08’43.5” NW (0.86 Km) E 77o56’14.7” 2. Abhaypura N 27o07’58.4” WSW (1.46 Km) E 77o55’54.9” 3. Barara N 27o08’08.5” W (4.27 km) E 77o54’12.2” 4. Patholi Village N 27o09’48.5” N (2.50 km) E 77o56’26.1” 5. Dhanauli N 27o08’30.1” E (1.69 km) E 77o58’04.6” 6. Prithivinath Shahganj N 27o10’20.5” NE (4.07 Km) E 77o58’30.8” 7 Bamrauli Ahir N 27o07’07.9” SE (3.50 Km) E 77o58’37.5” 8 Syam Nagar N 27o09’36.5” NE (3.90 Km) E 77o59’03.6”

3.10.5Results of Ambient Air Quality Monitoring

The results of ambient air quality monitoring of PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NO2, NH3, O3, C6H6, BaP, Pb, As, Ni and CO are presented in Table 3.16 to Table 3.23. The summary of Ambient Air Quality Monitoring is given in Table 3.24.

On the basis of tabulated data, the following observations can be made:

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Particulate Matter (PM10)

The 24-hourly PM10 concentrations during study period vary in the range of 3 3 64.9 g/m to 160.4 g/m . The maximum PM10 concentration was found 160.4 3 3 g/m while minimum PM10 concentration was 64.9 g/m . The mean PM10 3 concentration was 111.7 g/m and 98%tile value of PM10 concentration was 158.2 g/m3.

Figure 3.11: Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Locations of the Study Area

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Fine Particulate Matter (PM2.5)

The 24-hourly PM2.5 concentrations during the study period vary in the range 3 of 28.7 to 80.2 g/m . The maximum PM2.5 concentration was found 80.2 g/m3 3 while minimum PM2.5 concentration was 28.7 g/m . The mean PM2.5 3 concentration was 55.5 g/m and 98% tile value of PM2.5 concentration was found 78.8 g/m3.

Sulphur Dioxide (SO2)

The 24-hourly SO2 concentrations during study period vary in the range of 3.8 3 3 to 8.3 g/m . The maximum SO2 concentration was found 8.3 g/m while 3 minimum SO2 concentration was 3.8 g/m . The mean SO2 concentration was 3 3 5.6 g/m and 98%tile value of SO2 concentration was 7.9 g/m .

Nitrogen Oxide (NO2)

The 24-hourly NO2 concentrations during study period vary in the range of 11.9 3 3 to 31.8 g/m . The maximum NO2 concentration was found as 31.8 g/m and 3 minimum NO2 concentration was 11.9 g/m . The mean NO2 concentration was 3 18.8 g/m3 and 98%tile value of NO2 concentration was 29.0 g/m .

Carbon Monoxide (CO)

The 8-hourly CO concentrations during study period vary in the range of 0.38 to 1.23 mg/m3. The maximum CO concentration was found as 1.23 mg/m3 and minimum CO concentration was 0.38 mg /m3. The mean CO concentration was 0.78 mg/m3 and 98%tile value of CO concentration was 1.19 mg/m3.

Ammonia (NH3)

3 The NH3 concentrations during study period were found less than 5.0 g/m during pre-monsoon season.

Ozone (O3)

The Ozone concentrations during study period vary in the range of 5.1 to 16.9 mg/m3. The maximum Ozone concentration was found as 16.9 mg/m3 and

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minimum Ozone concentration was 5.1 mg /m3. The mean Ozone concentration was 9.1 mg/m3 and 98%tile value of Ozone concentration was 15.7 mg/m3.

Benzene (C6H6)

3 The C6H6 concentrations during study period were found less than 0.1 g/ m during pre-monsoon season.

Benzo (a) Pyrene (BaP)

The BaP concentrations during study period were found less than 0.01 ng/m3 during pre-monsoon season.

Lead (Pb)

The Lead concentrations during study period were found less than 0.1 g/m3 during pre-monsoon season.

Arsenic (As)

The Arsenic concentrations during study period were found less than 1.0 ng/m3 during pre-monsoon season.

Nickel (Ni)

The Nickel concentrations during study period were found less than 1.0 ng/ m3 during pre-monsoon season.

3.10.6Ambient Air Quality Status

National ambient air quality standards are given in Table 3.14. National ambient air quality standards for industrial, residential, rural & other areas are

met for all monitored parameters (SO2, NO2, CO, NH3, O3, Lead, Benzene, Bap

As and Ni) at all AAQM locations except PM2.5 and PM10. At Balhera, Patholi,

Dhanauli, Prithivinath Shahganj and Syam Nagar monitored values of PM2.5 and

PM10 were found to be exceeding stipulated limits at locations due to windblown dust during pre-monsoon months.

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Table 3.16 : Ambient Air Quality at Project Site(Balhera) (AAQM 1)

PM10 PM2.5 SO2 NO2 CO NH3 O3 Lead Benzene Bap As Ni Sn Date μg/m3 μg/m3 μg/m3 μg/m3 mg/m3 μg/m3 μg/m3 μg/m3 μg/m3 ng/m3 ng/m3 ng/m3 I II III 1 02.04.18 109.5 54.7 5.6 14.4 0.7 0.7 0.7 <5.0 6.8 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 2 05.04.18 91.0 47.3 4.8 16.4 0.7 0.7 0.7 <5.0 5.9 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 3 09.04.18 91.9 52.0 6.4 16.9 0.7 0.7 0.6 <5.0 6.7 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 4 12.04.18 106.4 51.7 4.9 15.0 0.8 0.6 0.7 <5.0 6.6 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 5 16.04.18 94.3 44.3 5.1 13.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 <5.0 6.8 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 6 19.04.18 111.4 57.0 4.9 17.8 0.9 0.7 0.6 <5.0 6.2 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 7 23.04.18 93.2 60.5 6.4 14.8 0.8 0.7 0.6 <5.0 7.5 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 8 26.04.18 112.2 52.0 5.1 21.1 0.9 0.8 0.5 <5.0 6.3 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 9 30.04.18 90.5 47.1 5.5 13.4 0.7 0.8 0.6 <5.0 6.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 10 03.05.18 98.1 50.8 4.9 22.4 0.8 0.7 0.6 <5.0 8.5 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 11 07.05.18 92.6 50.1 6.1 18.1 0.8 0.8 0.7 <5.0 6.9 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 12 10.05.18 98.3 48.3 5.4 14.7 0.8 0.8 0.6 <5.0 8.4 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 13 14.05.18 103.5 59.0 4.8 13.2 0.7 0.6 0.7 <5.0 6.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 14 17.05.18 121.9 63.8 7.9 14.1 0.8 0.7 0.7 <5.0 6.8 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 15 21.05.18 114.8 57.1 5.6 13.7 1.0 0.9 0.9 <5.0 9.8 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 16 24.05.18 95.8 49.0 4.9 22.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 <5.0 6.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 17 28.05.18 104.3 59.3 5.5 20.0 0.9 1.0 0.8 <5.0 6.9 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 18 31.05.18 93.0 45.6 5.7 17.3 0.8 0.8 0.8 <5.0 7.5 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 19 04.06.18 103.1 68.8 7.4 16.2 0.9 0.7 0.7 <5.0 6.2 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 20 07.06.18 119.3 71.4 5.5 20.0 0.9 0.9 0.7 <5.0 6.6 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 21 11.06.18 95.2 46.9 5.1 21.2 0.8 0.7 0.6 <5.0 8.4 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 22 14.06.18 105.6 59.0 6.0 18.9 0.9 0.8 0.6 <5.0 6.2 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 23 18.06.18 114.8 68.2 5.4 17.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 <5.0 6.7 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 24 21.06.18 98.9 47.7 5.1 20.3 0.7 0.9 0.7 <5.0 6.5 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 25 25.06.18 102.4 67.6 6.0 17.3 0.9 0.9 0.9 <5.0 5.9 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 26 28.06.18 97.1 49.2 5.1 13.8 0.7 0.8 0.7 <5.0 6.3 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 Maximum 121.9 71.4 7.9 22.9 0.96 <5.0 9.8 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 Minimum 90.5 44.3 4.8 13.2 0.54 <5.0 5.9 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 Average 102.3 54.9 5.6 17.1 0.75 <5.0 6.9 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 98 %tile 120.6 70.1 7.7 22.7 0.94 <5.0 9.2 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 3-37 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Description of Environment

Table 3.17 : Ambient Air Quality at Abhaypura (AAQM 2) PM Benzen S. PM10 SO2 NO2 CO NH3 O3 Lead Bap As Ni 2.5 e No Date μg/m3 μg/m3 μg/m3 μg/m3 mg/m3 mg/m3 mg/m3 μg/m3 μg/m3 μg/m3 μg/m3 ng/m3 ng/m3 ng/m3 . I II III 1 02.04.18 73.1 37.9 5.4 16.1 0.51 0.49 0.41 <5.0 5.5 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 2 05.04.18 70.9 35.1 5.2 15.7 0.56 0.58 0.55 <5.0 5.7 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 3 09.04.18 78.2 34.8 6.7 18.0 0.64 0.63 0.50 <5.0 6.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 4 12.04.18 83.2 38.4 4.1 16.4 0.60 0.50 0.44 <5.0 6.9 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 5 16.04.18 77.4 35.9 6.1 16.3 0.71 0.46 0.51 <5.0 5.4 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 6 19.04.18 81.5 39.1 5.4 15.9 0.56 0.62 0.55 <5.0 5.3 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 7 23.04.18 73.9 35.8 4.6 17.8 0.60 0.46 0.52 <5.0 7.6 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 8 26.04.18 75.1 35.9 4.3 14.1 0.51 0.54 0.49 <5.0 5.8 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 9 30.04.18 76.8 35.1 4.9 17.4 0.68 0.60 0.55 <5.0 5.2 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 10 03.05.18 83.3 37.0 5.3 15.9 0.60 0.50 0.55 <5.0 5.6 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 11 07.05.18 76.6 35.8 4.9 17.2 0.51 0.49 0.47 <5.0 5.5 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 12 10.05.18 75.8 37.1 6.8 16.3 0.65 0.54 0.56 <5.0 5.7 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 13 14.05.18 74.4 38.9 5.9 15.8 0.59 0.46 0.44 <5.0 8.3 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 14 17.05.18 88.2 38.3 5.8 17.4 0.47 0.50 0.40 <5.0 5.4 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 15 21.05.18 74.1 39.5 5.6 15.9 0.65 0.46 0.59 <5.0 5.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 16 24.05.18 76.9 35.1 5.4 13.9 0.71 0.58 0.51 <5.0 5.9 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 17 28.05.18 73.1 37.0 5.2 16.1 0.51 0.60 0.58 <5.0 7.3 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 18 31.05.18 73.9 35.4 4.7 13.2 0.69 0.50 0.47 <5.0 5.9 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 19 04.06.18 71.2 38.3 4.1 17.5 0.65 0.53 0.51 <5.0 6.3 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 20 07.06.18 87.5 40.2 7.4 13.2 0.60 0.60 0.44 <5.0 5.2 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 21 11.06.18 75.3 39.6 6.9 14.9 0.60 0.64 0.55 <5.0 7.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 22 14.06.18 78.7 35.3 4.4 15.9 0.56 0.57 0.61 <5.0 5.9 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 23 18.06.18 75.2 37.9 4.1 17.6 0.43 0.58 0.43 <5.0 6.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 24 21.06.18 83.5 39.3 4.9 11.9 0.60 0.60 0.61 <5.0 5.4 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 25 25.06.18 74.8 36.0 5.7 19.6 0.51 0.64 0.56 <5.0 8 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 26 28.06.18 75.1 37.4 5.1 13.7 0.48 0.56 0.44 <5.0 5.9 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 Maximum 88.2 40.2 7.4 19.6 0.71 <5.0 8.3 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 Minimum 70.9 34.8 4.1 11.9 0.43 <5.0 5.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 Average 77.2 37.2 5.3 15.9 0.58 <5.0 6.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 98 %tile 87.9 39.9 7.2 18.8 0.71 <5.0 8.2 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

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Table 3.18 : Ambient Air Quality at Barara (AAQM3) PM10 PM 2.5 SO2 NO2 CO NH3 O3 Lead Benzene Bap As Ni S. Date μg/m3 μg/m3 μg/m3 μg/m3 mg/m3 μg/m3 μg/m3 μg/m3 μg/m3 ng/m3 ng/m3 ng/m3 No. I II III 1 02.04.18 69.0 33.0 4.6 12.9 0.67 0.72 0.45 <5.0 5.8 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 2 05.04.18 74.4 35.1 3.8 17.0 0.69 0.73 0.46 <5.0 8.3 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 3 09.04.18 75.8 35.6 4.4 14.8 0.42 0.61 0.55 <5.0 5.4 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 4 12.04.18 69.5 32.7 5.2 12.5 0.59 0.58 0.47 <5.0 5.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 5 16.04.18 70.1 30.9 4.2 14.2 0.72 0.46 0.45 <5.0 6.3 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 6 19.04.18 74.5 35.8 4.4 13.0 0.47 0.43 0.39 <5.0 5.9 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 7 23.04.18 73.7 31.7 4.5 15.2 0.59 0.49 0.45 <5.0 6.6 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 8 26.04.18 68.5 28.7 5.0 13.8 0.62 0.47 0.40 <5.0 6.2 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 9 30.04.18 75.4 35.3 4.7 13.3 0.54 0.51 0.39 <5.0 5.9 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 10 03.05.18 72.2 31.8 4.5 16.4 0.42 0.58 0.40 <5.0 5.3 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 11 07.05.18 67.9 31.4 4.3 15.0 0.47 0.46 0.45 <5.0 5.5 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 12 10.05.18 70.6 33.0 4.2 16.1 0.57 0.43 0.40 <5.0 5.8 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 13 14.05.18 70.4 35.1 4.0 16.0 0.46 0.38 0.49 <5.0 6.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 14 17.05.18 76.0 34.7 7.9 16.6 0.52 0.53 0.51 <5.0 5.6 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 15 21.05.18 71.8 35.0 4.0 12.9 0.49 0.65 0.55 <5.0 5.8 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 16 24.05.18 69.5 31.5 3.8 17.0 0.57 0.51 0.47 <5.0 6.2 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 17 28.05.18 68.1 35.8 4.3 12.8 0.67 0.53 0.45 <5.0 5.9 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 18 31.05.18 69.4 32.8 5.3 15.9 0.69 0.60 0.39 <5.0 5.4 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 19 04.06.18 70.7 33.0 7.4 14.3 0.67 0.61 0.51 <5.0 5.3 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 20 07.06.18 64.9 33.8 4.7 13.6 0.54 0.49 0.41 <5.0 6.5 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 21 11.06.18 75.5 36.3 4.3 13.6 0.55 0.44 0.46 <5.0 6.9 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 22 14.06.18 72.0 33.1 4.4 13.1 0.57 0.41 0.39 <5.0 5.3 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 23 18.06.18 67.9 31.9 4.5 16.5 0.67 0.39 0.41 <5.0 5.2 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 24 21.06.18 70.7 33.3 4.9 13.1 0.52 0.43 0.46 <5.0 5.5 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 25 25.06.18 73.8 34.8 4.0 13.5 0.47 0.46 0.53 <5.0 5.8 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 26 28.06.18 69.5 33.4 4.4 14.1 0.54 0.49 0.45 <5.0 6.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 Maximum 76.0 36.3 7.9 17.0 0.73 <5.0 8.3 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 Minimum 64.9 28.7 3.8 12.5 0.38 <5.0 5.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 Average 71.2 33.4 4.7 14.5 0.51 <5.0 5.9 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 98 %tile 75.9 36.1 7.7 17.0 0.72 <5.0 7.6 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 3-39 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Description of Environment

Table 3.19 : Ambient Air Quality at Patholi Village (AAQM4) PM10 PM 2.5 SO2 NO2 CO NH3 O3 Lead Benzene Bap As Ni S. Date μg/m3 μg/m3 μg/m3 μg/m3 μg/m3 μg/m3 μg/m3 μg/m3 μg/m3 μg/m3 μg/m3 μg/m3 μg/m3 μg/m3 No. I II III 1 02.04.18 127.4 70.1 4.9 22.2 0.91 0.83 0.86 <5.0 11.4 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 2 05.04.18 140.4 64.4 5.0 21.6 0.86 0.83 0.79 <5.0 13.7 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 3 09.04.18 135.9 66.5 4.7 17.8 1.07 1.04 0.83 <5.0 9.6 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 4 12.04.18 133.4 61.2 5.7 19.0 0.99 0.83 0.78 <5.0 11.8 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 5 16.04.18 133.9 63.8 5.4 21.4 0.98 0.97 0.73 <5.0 11.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 6 19.04.18 127.7 68.1 5.8 20.6 0.94 1.04 0.83 <5.0 13.5 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 7 23.04.18 131.7 72.8 5.5 18.1 0.99 0.92 0.73 <5.0 10.4 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 8 26.04.18 137.5 63.8 6.0 19.4 0.92 0.99 0.78 <5.0 13.2 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 9 30.04.18 129.0 60.9 5.8 16.1 0.88 0.92 0.89 <5.0 9.6 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 10 03.05.18 127.2 63.0 5.8 20.4 0.86 0.92 0.83 <5.0 10.4 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 11 07.05.18 117.4 61.9 5.9 20.2 1.03 0.81 0.78 <5.0 13.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 12 10.05.18 138.9 72.3 6.0 19.7 0.88 0.88 0.78 <5.0 9.8 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 13 14.05.18 119.9 62.6 5.0 22.8 1.15 1.10 1.04 <5.0 10.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 14 17.05.18 128.6 68.1 7.9 19.3 1.20 1.14 0.76 <5.0 12.9 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 15 21.05.18 140.1 66.5 4.9 22.4 0.86 0.88 0.84 <5.0 13.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 16 24.05.18 135.8 64.6 5.1 18.9 0.94 0.97 0.76 <5.0 13.7 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 17 28.05.18 132.1 59.5 5.8 19.4 0.88 0.92 0.73 <5.0 10.4 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 18 31.05.18 129.9 60.7 4.8 17.6 0.92 0.99 0.78 <5.0 11.9 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 19 04.06.18 124.6 68.1 7.4 20.6 0.81 0.92 0.83 <5.0 12.7 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 20 07.06.18 121.7 61.7 5.8 16.7 0.78 0.83 0.73 <5.0 9.3 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 21 11.06.18 125.9 63.8 5.1 19.5 0.99 0.92 0.94 <5.0 13.6 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 22 14.06.18 129.6 61.9 5.7 21.9 0.92 0.99 0.78 <5.0 11.4 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 23 18.06.18 124.5 63.0 6.0 21.5 1.15 0.92 0.83 <5.0 9.7 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 24 21.06.18 122.3 59.3 5.8 18.2 0.86 0.89 0.72 <5.0 9.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 25 25.06.18 123.4 60.3 5.9 17.9 0.99 0.77 0.87 <5.0 10.3 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 26 28.06.18 130.5 72.2 5.0 18.5 0.81 0.88 0.73 <5.0 9.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 Maximum 140.4 72.8 7.9 22.8 1.20 <5.0 13.7 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 Minimum 117.4 59.3 4.7 16.1 0.72 <5.0 9.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 Average 129.6 64.7 5.6 19.7 0.89 <5.0 11.3 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 98 %tile 140.3 72.6 7.7 22.6 1.15 <5.0 13.7 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 3-40 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Description of Environment

Table 3.20 : Ambient Air Quality at Dhanauli (AAQM5) PM10 PM 2.5 SO2 NO2 CO NH3 O3 Lead Benzene Bap As Ni S. Date μg/m3 μg/m3 μg/m3 μg/m3 μg/m3 μg/m3 μg/m3 μg/m3 μg/m3 μg/m3 μg/m3 μg/m3 μg/m3 μg/m3 No. I II III 1 02.04.18 133.8 65.8 5.6 21.7 0.77 1.01 0.97 <5.0 10.8 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 2 05.04.18 126.7 62.5 6.1 22.1 0.90 0.94 0.92 <5.0 13.2 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 3 09.04.18 125.3 61.4 5.7 15.9 0.99 0.89 0.76 <5.0 9.7 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 4 12.04.18 133.8 65.8 7.1 19.1 0.92 0.97 0.97 <5.0 10.2 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 5 16.04.18 131.4 64.2 5.9 21.4 0.86 1.01 0.94 <5.0 10.8 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 6 19.04.18 125.1 61.7 6.3 25.9 1.07 0.97 0.97 <5.0 10.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 7 23.04.18 124.5 62.0 6.4 22.9 1.16 1.14 1.01 <5.0 9.7 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 8 26.04.18 128.4 73.9 6.1 19.4 0.99 1.01 1.06 <5.0 9.9 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 9 30.04.18 132.4 65.8 6.1 24.1 1.07 0.97 0.97 <5.0 10.4 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 10 03.05.18 142.4 71.4 6.0 25.2 0.94 0.93 0.85 <5.0 12.2 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 11 07.05.18 144.0 79.1 5.6 22.1 0.77 0.84 0.97 <5.0 10.8 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 12 10.05.18 133.5 64.9 6.4 21.5 1.17 0.76 0.84 <5.0 10.5 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 13 14.05.18 147.4 75.7 7.6 15.7 0.88 0.88 0.76 <5.0 9.8 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 14 17.05.18 135.8 67.3 6.1 19.5 0.83 0.76 0.80 <5.0 11.8 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 15 21.05.18 137.7 68.1 5.9 22.4 0.89 1.01 0.76 <5.0 12.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 16 24.05.18 133.1 64.6 5.7 26.1 1.16 0.76 0.70 <5.0 14.6 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 17 28.05.18 139.3 68.8 6.4 19.4 0.84 0.79 0.81 <5.0 10.9 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 18 31.05.18 134.5 65.0 5.6 21.5 0.95 0.89 0.85 <5.0 12.5 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 19 04.06.18 137.4 68.1 8.1 25.9 0.77 0.81 0.92 <5.0 12.7 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 20 07.06.18 148.4 70.4 6.4 20.7 1.17 0.85 0.97 <5.0 9.8 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 21 11.06.18 140.5 76.6 5.9 19.5 0.94 0.97 0.84 <5.0 10.2 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 22 14.06.18 138.2 67.9 6.3 20.3 1.01 1.01 0.76 <5.0 10.3 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 23 18.06.18 148.4 73.0 5.8 24.8 1.19 0.88 0.97 <5.0 13.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 24 21.06.18 145.2 79.5 6.2 14.9 0.94 0.97 0.76 <5.0 9.7 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 25 25.06.18 138.5 68.1 8.3 23.5 0.99 0.93 0.97 <5.0 13.2 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 26 28.06.18 143.7 70.9 5.5 20.1 0.89 0.84 0.89 <5.0 10.9 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 Maximum 148.4 79.5 8.3 26.1 1.19 <5.0 14.6 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 Minimum 124.5 61.4 5.5 14.9 0.70 <5.0 9.7 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 Average 136.5 68.6 6.3 21.4 0.92 <5.0 11.2 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 98 %tile 148.4 79.3 8.2 26.0 1.17 <5.0 13.9 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 3-41 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Description of Environment

Table 3.21 : Ambient Air Quality at Prithivinath Shahganj (AAQM6)

PM10 PM2.5 SO2 NO2 CO NH3 O3 Lead Benzene Bap As Ni S. Date μg/m3 μg/m3 μg/m3 μg/m3 μg/m3 μg/m3 μg/m3 μg/m3 μg/m3 μg/m3 μg/m3 μg/m3 μg/m3 μg/m3 No. I II III 1 02.04.18 158.5 74.5 5.8 27.5 1.07 0.91 0.83 <5.0 14.2 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 2 05.04.18 153.9 80.1 6.8 23.2 0.90 0.98 0.80 <5.0 11.9 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 3 09.04.18 150.1 69.8 6.3 25.7 1.10 1.05 0.84 <5.0 11.7 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 4 12.04.18 155.9 75.6 6.1 18.5 1.19 0.98 0.91 <5.0 10.6 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 5 16.04.18 157.9 73.1 7.2 18.3 1.03 1.09 0.84 <5.0 10.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 6 19.04.18 148.6 70.8 5.7 19.0 1.07 0.98 0.88 <5.0 13.2 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 7 23.04.18 144.8 68.4 7.3 25.8 0.97 1.08 0.94 <5.0 15.7 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 8 26.04.18 153.2 75.5 6.9 30.4 0.93 0.83 0.83 <5.0 14.9 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 9 30.04.18 160.4 71.1 7.1 18.9 0.90 0.98 0.88 <5.0 13.7 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 10 03.05.18 149.4 73.7 6.0 19.9 0.97 0.91 0.95 <5.0 10.8 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 11 07.05.18 146.9 79.0 7.4 19.2 0.90 1.08 0.80 <5.0 13.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 12 10.05.18 155.2 72.5 7.0 24.9 1.05 0.91 0.98 <5.0 15.7 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 13 14.05.18 149.1 76.0 5.8 29.2 0.86 1.23 0.79 <5.0 15.9 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 14 17.05.18 147.7 70.8 7.9 18.3 1.19 1.18 1.08 <5.0 12.2 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 15 21.05.18 141.3 80.2 6.0 24.8 1.14 1.23 0.77 <5.0 15.4 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 16 24.05.18 157.4 73.1 6.3 19.0 1.23 1.09 0.84 <5.0 13.6 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 17 28.05.18 159.9 76.6 7.1 20.4 1.19 0.98 0.77 <5.0 12.9 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 18 31.05.18 158.2 73.5 5.7 22.3 1.05 1.13 0.84 <5.0 15.7 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 19 04.06.18 153.7 77.6 7.4 21.1 1.05 0.83 0.83 <5.0 12.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 20 07.06.18 138.6 68.4 7.0 25.7 1.10 1.13 0.80 <5.0 13.5 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 21 11.06.18 155.5 74.5 6.1 21.1 1.23 0.95 0.88 <5.0 11.9 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 22 14.06.18 138.1 69.3 6.2 23.7 1.10 1.05 0.90 <5.0 13.7 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 23 18.06.18 146.9 70.1 5.6 22.8 1.05 1.23 0.98 <5.0 12.9 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 24 21.06.18 138.1 67.7 5.9 23.9 0.86 1.16 0.94 <5.0 14.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 25 25.06.18 146.2 71.1 7.5 23.1 1.03 1.12 0.91 <5.0 15.2 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 26 28.06.18 158.4 73.1 6.1 29.8 1.05 1.08 0.91 <5.0 14.3 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 Maximum 160.4 80.2 7.9 30.4 1.23 <5.0 15.9 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 Minimum 138.1 67.7 5.6 18.3 0.77 <5.0 10.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 Average 150.9 73.3 6.5 22.9 0.99 <5.0 13.4 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 98 %tile 160.2 80.2 7.7 30.1 1.23 <5.0 15.8 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 3-42 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Description of Environment

Table 3.22 : Ambient Air Quality at Bamrauli Ahir (AAQM7) PM10 PM2.5 SO2 NO2 CO NH3 O3 Lead Benzene Bap As Ni S. Date μg/m3 μg/m3 μg/m3 μg/m3 mg/m3 mg/m3 mg/m3 μg/m3 μg/m3 μg/m3 μg/m3 ng/m3 ng/m3 ng/m3 No. I II III 1 02.04.18 81.0 42.6 4.6 14.1 0.66 0.60 0.55 <5.0 5.9 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 2 05.04.18 84.1 40.1 4.2 15.5 0.76 0.63 0.48 <5.0 6.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 3 09.04.18 91.7 44.4 4.4 16.1 0.79 0.62 0.51 <5.0 5.5 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 4 12.04.18 80.7 40.4 4.2 21.4 0.86 0.68 0.57 <5.0 5.6 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 5 16.04.18 88.1 42.8 4.8 17.2 0.78 0.66 0.63 <5.0 5.8 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 6 19.04.18 87.9 40.8 5.8 18.0 0.84 0.71 0.52 <5.0 6.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 7 23.04.18 89.5 44.0 5.0 16.9 0.79 0.63 0.61 <5.0 6.3 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 8 26.04.18 80.6 40.4 4.9 19.4 0.66 0.59 0.57 <5.0 5.4 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 9 30.04.18 78.3 39.0 4.2 16.1 0.71 0.68 0.53 <5.0 6.9 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 10 03.05.18 90.7 40.9 6.0 15.6 0.73 0.75 0.57 <5.0 6.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 11 07.05.18 84.1 43.9 5.1 14.1 0.60 0.66 0.63 <5.0 5.8 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 12 10.05.18 92.6 46.5 5.5 14.1 0.57 0.83 0.60 <5.0 5.6 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 13 14.05.18 85.3 41.5 4.6 14.5 0.68 0.60 0.53 <5.0 6.0 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 14 17.05.18 88.1 44.2 4.2 14.9 0.57 0.72 0.53 <5.0 5.9 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 15 21.05.18 87.3 42.9 4.2 22.4 0.60 0.66 0.62 <5.0 5.4 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 16 24.05.18 87.9 43.9 4.4 13.7 0.52 0.58 0.51 <5.0 5.8 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 17 28.05.18 94.1 47.0 4.5 19.4 0.79 0.66 0.53 <5.0 6.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 18 31.05.18 83.3 41.1 4.2 17.0 0.64 0.61 0.42 <5.0 5.3 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 19 04.06.18 96.9 45.5 4.2 17.2 0.82 0.72 0.51 <5.0 5.7 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 20 07.06.18 95.2 43.9 4.1 16.7 0.86 0.66 0.60 <5.0 5.5 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 21 11.06.18 87.9 44.6 4.9 19.5 0.51 0.66 0.53 <5.0 5.9 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 22 14.06.18 82.2 38.0 5.0 17.9 0.57 0.57 0.53 <5.0 6.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 23 18.06.18 82.5 40.8 4.8 13.5 0.62 0.59 0.60 <5.0 5.8 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 24 21.06.18 92.7 45.7 4.5 18.2 0.66 0.74 0.60 <5.0 6.6 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 25 25.06.18 90.7 41.3 5.5 14.1 0.51 0.63 0.66 <5.0 5.4 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 26 28.06.18 88.0 42.7 6.0 14.1 0.68 0.71 0.60 <5.0 5.2 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 Maximum 96.9 47.0 6.0 22.4 0.86 <5.0 6.9 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 Minimum 78.3 38.0 4.1 13.5 0.42 <5.0 5.2 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 Average 87.4 42.7 4.8 16.6 0.63 <5.0 5.8 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 98 %tile 96.1 46.8 6.0 21.9 0.85 <5.0 6.8 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 3-43 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Description of Environment

Table 3.23 : Ambient Air Quality at Syam Nagar (AAQM8) PM10 PM2.5 SO2 NO2 CO NH3 O3 Lead Benzene Bap As Ni S. Date μg/m3 μg/m3 μg/m3 μg/m3 mg/m3 mg/m3 mg/m3 μg/m3 μg/m3 μg/m3 μg/m3 ng/m3 ng/m3 ng/m3 No. I II III 1 02.04.18 150.4 68.1 6.0 20.8 1.02 1.00 1.05 <5.0 13.7 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 2 05.04.18 146.6 71.1 5.5 25.3 1.07 1.13 1.01 <5.0 14.4 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 3 09.04.18 142.1 69.2 7.4 31.1 1.13 1.03 1.03 <5.0 16.9 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 4 12.04.18 147.2 70.8 5.4 21.8 1.08 1.02 0.87 <5.0 12.3 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 5 16.04.18 149.0 68.5 5.2 21.4 1.15 1.08 1.00 <5.0 11.5 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 6 19.04.18 149.9 74.3 6.0 25.5 1.00 0.96 0.97 <5.0 13.2 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 7 23.04.18 124.6 64.1 5.5 20.2 1.21 1.00 0.89 <5.0 10.4 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 8 26.04.18 133.2 68.1 4.8 19.4 1.06 1.05 0.91 <5.0 10.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 9 30.04.18 137.5 70.8 5.4 17.1 1.05 1.02 0.87 <5.0 10.9 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 10 03.05.18 128.4 66.8 6.5 31.8 0.97 1.01 0.83 <5.0 14.4 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 11 07.05.18 134.4 69.2 7.2 22.8 1.20 1.05 0.92 <5.0 12.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 12 10.05.18 132.8 76.8 6.0 19.8 1.02 0.95 0.88 <5.0 10.6 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 13 14.05.18 127.8 65.8 6.3 19.4 1.00 0.92 0.88 <5.0 13.7 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 14 17.05.18 128.1 73.9 7.9 24.2 1.05 1.17 1.02 <5.0 13.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 15 21.05.18 130.8 67.3 4.8 22.4 1.07 1.15 1.02 <5.0 11.9 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 16 24.05.18 134.2 63.8 6.5 18.4 1.13 1.06 0.93 <5.0 10.3 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 17 28.05.18 140.4 69.8 5.4 19.4 0.93 1.11 1.00 <5.0 11.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 18 31.05.18 141.8 66.1 4.6 22.4 1.18 1.05 0.98 <5.0 14.7 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 19 04.06.18 134.9 65.0 7.4 23.8 1.12 1.02 0.97 <5.0 12.4 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 20 07.06.18 143.7 70.4 6.7 16.7 0.92 0.89 0.93 <5.0 10.6 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 21 11.06.18 137.8 69.2 6.4 19.5 1.01 0.85 0.89 <5.0 10.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 22 14.06.18 141.5 68.5 6.7 20.4 0.97 0.92 0.87 <5.0 13.3 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 23 18.06.18 147.6 74.3 4.8 21.0 1.06 0.97 0.88 <5.0 12.7 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 24 21.06.18 143.7 69.2 6.1 18.2 1.08 1.02 0.97 <5.0 10.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 25 25.06.18 139.7 68.5 7.3 27.9 1.06 0.93 0.96 <5.0 14.8 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 26 28.06.18 129.6 64.2 6.0 23.3 1.22 1.17 1.01 <5.0 10.4 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 Maximum 150.4 76.8 7.9 31.8 1.22 <5.0 16.9 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 Minimum 124.6 63.8 4.6 16.7 0.83 <5.0 10.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 Average 138.4 69.0 6.1 22.1 1.01 <5.0 12.3 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 98 %tile 150.2 75.6 7.7 31.5 1.20 <5.0 15.9 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 3-44 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Description of Environment

Table 3.24: Summary of Ambient Air Quality for The Study Area

Sl. Sampling PM10 PM2.5 SO2 NO2 CO NH3 O3 Lead Benzene Bap As Ni No. Locations μg/m3 μg/m3 μg/m3 μg/m3 mg/m3 μg/m3 μg/m3 μg/m3 μg/m3 ng/m3 ng/m3 ng/m3 Maximum 121.9 71.4 7.9 22.9 0.96 <5.0 9.8 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 Minimum 90.5 44.3 4.8 13.2 0.54 <5.0 5.9 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 1. Project Site Average 102.3 54.9 5.6 17.1 0.75 <5.0 6.9 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 98 %tile 120.6 70.1 7.7 22.7 0.94 <5.0 9.2 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 Maximum 88.2 40.2 7.4 19.6 0.71 <5.0 8.3 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 Minimum 70.9 34.8 4.1 11.9 0.43 <5.0 5.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 2. Abhaypura Average 77.2 37.2 5.3 15.9 0.58 <5.0 6.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 98 %tile 87.9 39.9 7.2 18.8 0.71 <5.0 8.2 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 Maximum 76.0 36.3 7.9 17.0 0.73 <5.0 8.3 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 Minimum 64.9 28.7 3.8 12.5 0.38 <5.0 5.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 3. Barara Average 71.2 33.4 4.7 14.5 0.51 <5.0 5.9 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 98 %tile 75.9 36.1 7.7 17.0 0.72 <5.0 7.6 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 Maximum 140.4 72.8 7.9 22.8 1.20 <5.0 13.7 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 Minimum 117.4 59.3 4.7 16.1 0.72 <5.0 9.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 4. Patholi Average 129.6 64.7 5.6 19.7 0.89 <5.0 11.3 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 98 %tile 140.3 72.6 7.7 22.6 1.15 <5.0 13.7 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 Maximum 148.4 79.5 8.3 26.1 1.19 <5.0 14.6 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 Minimum 124.5 61.4 5.5 14.9 0.70 <5.0 9.7 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 5. Dhanauli Average 136.5 68.6 6.3 21.4 0.92 <5.0 11.2 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 98 %tile 148.4 79.3 8.2 26.0 1.17 <5.0 13.9 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 Maximum 160.4 80.2 7.9 30.4 1.23 <5.0 15.9 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 Prithivinath Minimum 138.1 67.7 5.6 18.3 0.77 <5.0 10.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 6. Shahganj Average 150.9 73.3 6.5 22.9 0.99 <5.0 13.4 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 98 %tile 160.2 80.2 7.7 30.1 1.23 <5.0 15.8 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 Maximum 96.9 47.0 6.0 22.4 0.86 <5.0 6.9 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 Bamrauli Minimum 78.3 38.0 4.1 13.5 0.42 <5.0 5.2 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 7. Ahir Average 87.4 42.7 4.8 16.6 0.63 <5.0 5.8 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 98 %tile 96.1 46.8 6.0 21.9 0.85 <5.0 6.8 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 Maximum 150.4 76.8 7.9 31.8 1.22 <5.0 16.9 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 Minimum 124.6 63.8 4.6 16.7 0.83 <5.0 10.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 8. Syam Nagar Average 138.4 69.0 6.1 22.1 1.01 <5.0 12.3 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 98 %tile 150.2 75.6 7.7 31.5 1.20 <5.0 15.9 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 3-45 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Description of Environment

Sl. Sampling PM10 PM2.5 SO2 NO2 CO NH3 O3 Lead Benzene Bap As Ni No. Locations μg/m3 μg/m3 μg/m3 μg/m3 mg/m3 μg/m3 μg/m3 μg/m3 μg/m3 ng/m3 ng/m3 ng/m3 Maximum 160.4 80.2 8.3 31.8 1.23 <5.0 16.9 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 Minimum 64.9 28.7 3.8 11.9 0.38 <5.0 5.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 Study Area Average 111.7 55.5 5.6 18.8 0.78 <5.0 9.1 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0 98 %tile 158.2 78.8 7.9 29.0 1.19 <5.0 15.7 <0.1 <0.1 <0.01 <1.0 <1.0

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 3-46 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Description of Environment

3.11 Ambient Noise Levels

3.11.1 Introduction

Noise can be defined as an unwanted sound. It interferes with speech and hearing and is intense enough to damage hearing or is otherwise annoying. The definition of noise as unwanted sound implies that it has an adverse effect on human beings and their environment. Noise can also disturb wildlife and ecological system.

3.11.2Methodology

To understand the noise environment in the study area, noise survey was conducted using Sound Level Meter 2031 manufactured by Cygnet Systems. Noise measurements were carried out at the same location where ambient air quality was monitored. The 24-hourly sound levels were measured at each location once during the study period.

3.11.3 Equivalent Sound Energy Level or Leq

In most of the acoustic environments, the sound pressure level fluctuates with time due to changes in noise generation sources. The fluctuating noise levels are reported as equivalent sound energy level or Leq. It is defined as the steady sound pressure levels which would have given the same total energy as the actual time varying sound pressure level over the given time period.

By recorded noise levels, Leq was computed using the following statistical relationship:

2 Leq = L50 + [(L10 – L90) /60]

Where L90 = the noise levels exceed 90 percent of the time

L50 = the noise levels exceed 50 percent of the time

L10 = the noise levels exceed 10 percent of the time

It may be noted here that L10, L50 and L90 values can be considered as peak, average and background sound pressure levels at each of the locations, respectively.

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 3-47 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Description of Environment

The details noise levels monitoring locations in the study area are given in Table 3.25 and Figure 3.12.

Table 3.25: Noise Levels Monitoring Stations in the Study Area SN Noise Locations Cordinates Direction & Distance 1. Project Site N 27o08’33.3” -- E 77o56’47.5” 2. Abhaypura N 27o08’00.7” WSW (1.34 Km) E 77o55’56.3” 3. Barara N 27o08’06.2” W (4.21 km) E 77o54’14.1” 4. Patholi Village N 27o09’46.2” N (2.48 km) E 77o56’23.3” 5. Dhanauli N 27o08’30.1” E (1.62 km) E 77o58’01.7” 6. Prithivinath Shahganj N 27o10’20.5” NE (4.00 Km) E 77o58’30.8” 7 Bamrauli Ahir N 27o07’04.1” SE (3.53 Km) E 77o58’40.2” 8 Syam Nagar N 27o09’36.8” NE (3.80 Km) E 77o58’57.3”

3.11.4 Day and Night Time Leq Noise levels

Day and night time Leq for ambient noise levels for the study area are given in Table 3.26. Tabulated results indicate that measured Leq noise levels are within the limit stipulated for commercial and residential areas at all the locations.

Table 3.26: Day and Night time Leq for Ambient Noise Levels Locations Day Night Prescribed Standards Time Time dB(A) dB(A) dB(A) Day Time Night Time Project Site 54.6 44.3 55 45 Abhaypura 52.8 42.1 55 45 Barara 53.1 42.8 55 45 Patholi Village 53.4 43.9 55 45 Dhanauli 54.2 42.4 55 45 Prithivinath Shahganj 53.7 43.2 65 55 Bamrauli Ahir 52.1 42.8 55 45 Syam Nagar 53.2 43.7 65 55

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 3-48 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Description of Environment

Figure 3.12: Noise Monitoring Locations of the Study Area

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 3-49 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Description of Environment

3.12 Landuse & Land Cover through Satellite Imagery Interpretation

Landuse and land cover for the 10 km study area have been prepared using False Colour Composite (FCC) scene of IRS P-4 LISS-III. The percentage area of different categories of land use/ land covers within the 10 km radius study area is as given in Table 3.27. The study area dominated by agriculture land (38.63 %) followed by built-up area (29.85%), open area (17.31%), plantation/shrubs (8.32 %), waste land (4.71 %) and road & rail network (1.72 %).

Table 3.27: Landuse and Land Cover for 10 km Study Area Sn. Category of Landuse %age 1. Plantations/ shrubs 8.32 2. Open Vegitation 17.31 3. Agriculture Land 38.63 4. Railway & Road Network 1.72 5. Town/ Villages (Built-up) 29.85 6. Waste Land 4.17

FCC and Landuse and land cover of the study area through satellite imagery are shown in Figure 3.13 and Figure 3.14, respectively.

3.13 Biological Environment

3.13.1Introduction

The term biological environment covers the prevalence of all living forms plants and animals both terrestrial and aquatic in the study area. Living forms cover a very wide spectrum of species and even a small area may have thousands of species if all bacteria, protozoa, worms, insects, plants, animals and birds are to be included. In the present study, higher taxa (trees, small trees, shrubs, under shrubs, climbers and grasses) and fauna (mammals, birds and reptiles) are covered for impact assessment purpose. It is needless to emphasize that living system is extremely complicated. They are directly affected by changes in the physical environment but may often either adapt or avoid the adverse environment.

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 3-50 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Description of Environment

Figure 3.13 : FCC of the Study Area

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 3-51 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Description of Environment

Figure 3.14 : Landuse and Land Cover of the Study Area Through Satellite Imagery

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 3-52 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Description of Environment

The baseline study of biological environment has primarily taken into account the flora and fauna in the study area. Area survey and study of secondary literature show that there exists not much diversity in the along the Yamuna. No endangered species of flora and fauna recorded in the study area.

3.13.2Flora of the Area

According to the Biogeographic classification of India, the study area is located in the "Gangetic plain" biogeographic zone. The vegetation in the study area is dry deciduous type owing to the low to medium average rainfall. Bainpur Reserve Forest, Babarpur Reserve Forest and Agra Reserve Forest are located at about 9 to 10 Km from the project site. Vegetation/plantation is observed on the ravines along the Yamuna river, along the roads, canal/distributaries, borders of crop fields and in habitation.

3.13.3Terrestrial Ecology of the Study Area

The area forms a part of the tropical thorn tyoe of vegitation but it is practically devoided of any extensive natural vegitaion cover. The contents of this subsection are based on primarily on reconnaissance survey and field studies carried out by the ABC Techno Labs field team and Functional Area Expert (FAE). In the study area favoured with good agro-climatic conditions, shallow ground water levels, have tremendous scope for growth of vegetation in the area.

Xerophytic shrubs and stunted trees are also met with, the most common species being Reonj (Acacia leucophloea), Cheonkar (Prosopis spicigera), Hins (Capparis horrid), pilua ( Salvadora oleoides), Arusa (Adhatoda vasica), Khajur (Phoenix species), Hingota (Balanites roxburghii), Kari (Dichrostachys civera), Kakraunda (Carissa spicigera), Chapat (Grewia flavescens), Kairukha (Diosphyros cardifolia), Makoh (Zizyphus oenoplia), Jharberi(Zizyphus numularia) and Ber(Zizyphus xylocarpus).

Tree species like Dalbergia sissoo, Azadirachta indica, Bauhinia varegeta, Polyathia longifolia, Mangifera indica, Propopis juliflora, Pongamia glabra and Syzygium cumini are frequently observed in the area along the project road. The Common abundance of plant species like Populus ephratica, Eucalyptus hybrid and Dalbergia sissoo are observed in the study area. Some naturally

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 3-53 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Description of Environment

occurred trees like Morus ramphij, Phoenix dactylifers and Tamarix aphylla are occasionally observed in the study area. Sacred tree Ficus religiosa is occasionally observed in the area.

Among the shrub and herbs Calotropis procera, Achyranthes aspera, Cannabis sativa, Ipomea carica, Zizyphus nummularia, Tribulus terrestris and Dendrocalamus stricutus are frequently observed in the area.

Cynodon dacthylon grass is commonly occurred grass on borders of the crop fields. Saccharum spontaneous, Erianthus munja, Desmostachya bipinnata, Imperata cyindraca and Dicanthium annulatum grasses are commonly observed along the canal and distributaries.

In the study area, the following plants species were noted during study period as given in Table 3.28.

Table 3.28 : Flora Observed in the Study Area Sl. Scientific Name Common Name No. 1. Acacia leucophloea Reonj 2. Adhatoda vasica Arusa 4. Acacia Arabica Babul 5. Acacia catechu Khair 6. Adina cordifolia Haldu 7. Aegle marmelos Bel 8. Albizzia lebbek Siras 9. Albizzia procera Safed Siris 10. Azadirachta indica Neem 11. Balanites roxburghii Hingota 12. Bauhinia alba Kachnar 13. Cordia myxa Lasora 14. Cassia fistula Amaltas 15. Capparis horrid Hins 16. Dalbergia sissoo Shisham 17. Delonix regia Gulmohar 18. Eucalyptus hybrid Safeda 19. Emblica Officinalis Aonla 20. Ficus reigiosa Pipal 21. Ficus glomerata Gular 22. Ficus infectoria Pakar 23. Ficus bengalencis Bad 24. Haloptelea integrifolia Papri

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 3-54 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Description of Environment

Sl. Scientific Name Common Name No. 25. Manilkara hexandra Khirni 26. Morus alba Shahtoot 27. Mengifera India Aam 28. Melia azedarach Bakayun 29. Morus ramphij Pilkhan 30. Neolamarckia cadamba Kadam 31. Psidium guajava Amrood 32. Polyalthia longifolia Ashoka 33. Pongamia glabra Karnaj 34. Propopis juliflora Vilayti Babul 35. Populus ephratica Papular 36. Prunus persica Aadoo 37. Prosopis spicigera Cheonkar 38. Pithecellobium dulce Jangal Jalebi 39. Pterospermum acerifolium Kanakchampa 40. Phoenix dactylifers Khajur 41. Ocimum cumuni Jangal Jalebi 42. Salmalia malabaria Semal 43. Syzygium cuminis Jamun 44. Salvadora oleoides Pilua 45. Terminalia bellirica Bahera 46. Terminalia chebula Harra 47. Terminalia Arjuna Kahwa 48. Ziziphus mauritiana Ber Source : Field Studies by ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd.

Herbs and Shrubs: Common herbs and shrubs species found in the study area are given in Table 3.29.

Table 3.29: Herbs and Shrubs species in the Study Area S. No. Botanical Name Vernacular name 1. Achyranthes aspera Apmarg (Chirchita) 2. Balanites aegyptiaca Hingua 3. Buxus wallichiana Papri 4. Capparis aphylla kakril 5. Calotropis procera Aak 6. Capparis zeylanca Ardanda 7. Cannabis Sativa Bhang 8. Capparis sepiaria Kanthari 9. Citrus limon Nimbo 10. Dichrostachys cinerea Bansa

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 3-55 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Description of Environment

S. No. Botanical Name Vernacular name 11. Grewia flavescens Chapat 12. Ipomoea carnea SandaBahar (Besharam) 13. Durenta inermis Nilkanta 14. Gardenia latifolia Papda 15. Lawsonia inermis Mehendi 17. Murraya exotica Kamini 18. Ricinus communis Endi 19. Saccharum bengalense Sarkanda 20. Tribulus terrestris Gokhru 21. Ziziphus nummularia Jharberi 22. Vitex negundo Nirgudi 23. Woodfordia fruticosa Dhawai Source : Field Studies by ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd.

Grasses: Grasses species found in the study area is given in Table 3.30.

Table 3.30: Grasses species found in the Study Area S. No. Botanical Name Vernacular Name 1. Artistda adscensionis Safed lappa 2. Aphuda mutica Bhanjura 3. Bothriochloa pertusa Chhoti jargi 4. Cynodon dacthylon Dub 5. Demostachya bipinnata Dab 6. Dicanthium annulatum Jargu 7. Erianthus munja Munj 8. Impereta cylindrica Pula 9. Iscilema lexumq Mueel 10. Saccherum spontaneuum Kans Source : Field Studies by ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd.

At the new civil enclave site 19 trees are growing on the site. Efforts will be made to save these trees during construction phase. As an estimate 12 trees are likely to be cut at the site. Trees are mainly Babul, Shisham, Neem Hins , Hingota, siras, etc

Before cutting of trees, necessory permission will be obtained by AAI.

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 3-56 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Description of Environment

3.13.4Terrestrial Fauna in the Study Area

The information collected from field survey, local people and supplemented by secondary data from Forest Department, wild animals are rare due to anthropogenic activities in the study area. However, in the rural part of study area and in ravines along the Yamuna rivers, canal, distributaries and minors some wild fauna are occasionally observed. Wild animals found in the 10 km radius study area are listed in Table 3.31: Table 3.31: Wild Fauna Species found in Rural Part of Study Area S. Scientific name Vernacular Name No. 1. Boselaphus tragocamelus Neelgai 2. Felis chary Jangli Billi 3. Sus porcinus Jangli Suar 4. Cants aureles Siyar 5. Vulpes bengalensis Lomri 6. Lepus aphicadates Khargosh 7. Herpestes auropunctatus Nevla 8. Naja Naja Cobra 9. Ptyas mucosus Rat snake

3.13.5Rare, Endangered and Threatened Species

Within 10 km radius area, no species of flora and fauna have been categorized as rare, endangered and threatened (RET) species.

3.13.6National Park and Wildlife Sanctuary

There is no wildlife sanctuary, national park or other protected area within 10 km distance from the proposed Civil Enclave.

3.13.7Protected Areas

The proposed Civil Enclave Site does not fall under any protected area. However, it is located in Taj Trapezium Zone (TTZ).

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 3-57 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Description of Environment

3.14 Socio-Economic Environment

3.14.1Introduction

Baseline environmental scenario in the study area with respect to demographic and socio-economic conditions in the area and the study area has been discussed in the subsequent sections of this chapter.

The study area comprises settelemnts belongs to Agra District. Data on number of villages, their land area, number of households and population in each settlement as well as literacy rate in the study areas has been obtained from District Census Handbooks, 2011 for Agra district.

The growth of infrastructure development activities in an area is bound to create its impact on the socio-economic aspects of the local population. The impacts may be positive or negative depending upon the nature of the development activities. To assess the impacts of proposed civil enclave development adjacent to Agra Airforce Base, on the socio-economic environment, it is necessary to study the baseline socio-economic status of the area.

3.14.2 Demographic and Occupational Pattern of Agra District

Table 3.32 shows the demographic details of Agra district. As per 2011 Census, the population of the Agra district is 4418797, out of which 2364953 are males and 2053844 are females. The male population constitutes 53.5 % while female population is 46.5%.

The rural population is 2394602 and urban population is 2024195. The rural population constitutes 45.8% and urban population 54.2% of the total population in the Agra district. The density of the population according to the 2011 census is 1097 persons/sqkm, which is greater than the density of Uttar Pradesh state (828 persons/sq.km).

As per 2011 census records, sex ratio for Agra District is 869. Agra District has scheduled castes population of 22.43%, while scheduled tribes population is 0.16% of the total population of the district.

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 3-58 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Description of Environment

As per 2011 census records, 60.7% population of the Agra district is literate, 68.3% amongst males and 51.9 % amongst females.

In the Agra District, total main workers account for 23.8% whereas marginal and non-workers respectively account for 7.7% and 68.6%, respectively.

Table 3.32: Demographic & Occupational Pattern of Agra District Sn Details Agra District Total Rural Urban 1. House Hold 710566 371791 338775 2. Total Population 4418797 2394602 2024195 3. Total Male Population 2364953 1285184 1079769 4. Total Female Population 2053844 1109418 944426 5. Total Population below 6 Yr 673955 409971 263984 6. Male Population below 6 Yr 362234 220138 142096 7. Female Population below 6 Yr 311721 189833 121888 8. Schedule Caste Population 991325 505140 486185 9. Schedule Caste Male Population 531641 270558 261083 10. Schedule Caste Female Population 459684 234582 225102 11. Schedule Tribe Population 7255 1113 6142 12. Schedule Tribe Male Population 3827 565 3262 13. Schedule Tribe Female Population 3428 548 2880 14. Literate Population - Total 2680510 1401109 1279401 15. Literate Population – Male 1614594 882241 732353 16. Literate Population - Female 1065916 518868 547048 17. Total Worker Population 1389844 740408 649436 18. Total Worker Male 1119701 594479 525222 19. Total Worker Female 270143 145929 124214 20. Main Worker Population 1050562 545001 505561 21. Main Worker Male 912621 478783 433838 22. Main Worker Female 137941 66218 71723 23. Cultivator –Total 248151 234798 13353 24. Cultivator –Male 229008 217680 11328 25. Cultivator –Female 19143 17118 2025 26. Agricultural Laborer -Total 136468 118208 18260 27. Agricultural Laborer-Male 119951 104102 15849 28. Agricultural Laborer -Female 16517 14106 2411 29. Household Worker –Total 65866 26999 38867 30. Household Worker-Male 46739 17426 29313 31. Household Worker -Female 19127 9573 9554 32. Other Worker –Total 600077 164996 435081 33. Other Worker-Male 516923 139575 377348

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 3-59 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Description of Environment

Sn Details Agra District Total Rural Urban 34. Other Worker –Female 83154 25421 57733 35. Marginal Worker –Total 339282 195407 143875 36. Marginal Worker-Male 207080 115696 91384 37. Marginal Worker –Female 132202 79711 52491 38. Non Worker –Total 3028953 1654194 1374759 39. Non Worker-Male 1245252 690705 554547 40. Non Worker – Female 1783701 963489 820212 Source: Census Records 2011 3.14.3Demographics Details of the Settlements in the Study Area

The 10 km study area comprise mostly Agra District. Demographic details including data on settlements with number of households, population as well as literacy in the settlements located in 10 km radius of Agra Civil Enclave has been obtained from census records 2011 and presented in Table 3.33. From the tabulated data following observations can be made:

A. House Holds

In the settlements located in the study area, there are total 318703 households as per census records 2011, out of which 292385 house holds are in urban area and 26318 house holds are in rural area.

B. Population

As per census records, the population of settlements in the study area is 1896118. The male population constituted nearly 53.4% persons while the female population is 46.6% of the total population.

C. Sex Ratio

As per census records, sex ratio is defined as the number of females per 1000 males. As per census records, sex ratio in settlements located in the study area are 873, which is more than from sex ratio for Uttar Pradesh State (828) and Agra District (869).

D. Schedule Caste

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 3-60 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Description of Environment

In the study area, scheduled castes population is 24%, 53.7% amongst males and 46.3% amongst females.

E. Schedule Tribe

In the study area, there is 0.33% scheduled tribes population, 53.1% amongst males and 46.9% amongst females.

F. Literacy

Literate population in the villages in the study area is given in Table 3.33 as per the census records. In the study area 63.9% is literate, 68.6% amongst males and 58.5% amongst females.

G. Employment Pattern

The employment pattern in the area is an indicator of number of persons employed in various sectors. It also indicates the various categories of employment flourishing in the area. The employment pattern in the settlements located in 10 km radius of proposed civil enclave is given in Table 3.34.

In the study area, total main workers account for 25.1% (40.2% males and 7.8% females) whereas non-workers account for 67.6% (51.3% males and 86.4% females). In the study area, marginal workers are 7.3% (8.5% males and 5.9 % females).

Out of total 25.1% main workers in the study area, other workers inganged in services, business, household industries account for 91.9%, followed by cultivators for 4.12% and agricultural labourers for 3.96%.

3.14.4Socio-Economic Status of the Study Area

Primarily the Economy of the Agra district is agriculture based. Major crops are Wheat, Paddy, Bajra, Mustard, Potato etc. About 40% of the total economy of Agra depend on industry (Directly or Indirectly). Over 7200 Small Scale Industrial Units are spared all over the district. Agra is known for its fabulous handicrafts, made of marble and sandstone inlay work. The Mughals were great patrons of arts and crafts. Empress nur Jahan took personal interest and was an accomplished artist herself in zari embroidery work. Agra's major handicrafts

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 3-61 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Description of Environment

products besides inlay work are : leatherware, brassware, carpets, jewellery and embroidery work. Agra is also well known for its sweets 'Petha' and 'Ghazak' and saltish snack 'Dalmoth'. The main shopping areas of the city are Sadar Bazar, Kinari Bazar, Raja-ki-Mandi, Sanjay Place and the Taj Complex. Agra is home to one of the wonders of the world; the splendid architectural monument of Taj Mahal built in white marble stone.

Cropping Pattern

The area is endowed with good soil, adequate ground water and three growing seasons i.e., rabi, kharif and zayed. The region is watered by the Yamuna River and the Agra Canal. The main crops are wheat, barley, mustered, maize, bajra, jowar. Millets, pulses, vegetables, potato, are other important crops.

Livestock

Cattles are the main livestock-wealth of the villages of the study area. Buffaloes, cow, goat, sheep, pig are reared by villagers for milk and meat production. Dry dung is used as fuel in households.

3.14.5Living Standards and Infrastructure

Availability of amenities like education, medical, water supply, communication, road network, electricity, etc. significantly reflects the level of development of an area. Information on available amenities in the study area was gathered during field studies and the same is discussed in the following subsections:

Educational Facilities

Excellent educational facilities are available in the study area/Agra City. The primary level education facilities are available in mostly all the settlement.

Medical Facilities

In the study area good medical facilities are available. Most of the village can access medical facilities at distance of maximum 5 km.

Drinking Water Supply

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 3-62 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Description of Environment

All villages of the study area have drinking water facility.

Communication

The villages of the study area have phone connections. Mobile network is also available in the all villages of the study area.

Approach to villages

All the villages up to 250 population in the study area can be approached by the road.

Power Supply

Electricity exists in all the villages for agricultural/all purposes.

3.15 Archaeological Monuments in the Study Area

Agra is a major tourist destination because of its many Mughal-era buildings, most notably the Tāj Mahal and Agra Fort, which are UNESCO World Heritage Sites. Akbar's tomb is situated at Sikandra in Agra city. Within the 10 km radius study area Agra Fort and Akbar's tomb is located. Agra fort is located at 8.2 km distance while Akbar's tomb is located a distance of 8.1 km from project site. Taj Mahal is located at a distance of 10.1 km from the proposed civil enclave.

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 3-63

F

66 3-64 443 787 343 943 541 752 477 678 266 276 366 1080 2251 1031 2615 1114 1283 1902 1220 1379 Literate Literate

M 785 601 953 117 732 495 443 613 1796 1291 3180 1705 1819 4506 1744 1106 2317 1217 3110 1856 2304

Description of Environment

1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 F

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 M Schedule Tribe Tribe Schedule

F 53 32 96 306 170 460 241 143 795 304 321 487 762 510 491 184 149 829 1049 1788 1405 s of the Study Area

M 50 37 92 Schedule Cast Cast Schedule 386 188 526 305 173 954 392 370 620 849 595 542 233 166 1163 2017 1498 1001

F 985 904 246 914 515 538 946 2060 1494 3785 1921 2153 5587 1140 1965 1283 2938 1382 3896 2424 2801

M 290 640 576 1160 2405 1705 1018 4317 2199 2525 6331 1388 2295 1570 3344 1049 1635 4501 2640 3299 1046

Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Uttar Airport, Agra Population Population Table 3.33: Demographic Detail

536 2145 4465 3199 1922 8102 4120 4678 2528 4260 2853 6282 1963 3017 8397 1155 5064 1114 6100 1992 Total Total 11918

78 345 730 501 299 627 731 396 664 426 937 314 454 174 781 178 887 304 1286 1903 1324 Holds Holds House House

roposed New Civil Enclave at Civil New roposed

Name of Name Settlement Area Rural Abhaypura Atus Bad Bain Khera Bainpur Mustkil Balhera Bamrauli Ahir Barara Bhandai Bhogpur Bichpuri Chauhatna Davli Dhanoli Garhsani Itaura Jakhoda Jaupura Jitora Kakua Kalayan Pur Sn I. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21

EIA for Development of P of EIA for Development ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited F 3-65 541 745 646 366 161 548 603 276 754 280 455 298 653 380 307 264 529 332 1256 2722 2060 1389 1202 Literate Literate M 841 579 272 917 945 464 457 572 612 920 765 440 494 947 694 1275 1114 1982 4306 3483 1074 2139 1928

Description of Environment 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 F 95 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 M 104 Schedule Tribe Tribe Schedule F 70 18 38 12 391 257 300 193 871 566 268 627 222 202 396 193 379 248 218 422 134 217 1729 M 82 18 53 14 Schedule Cast Cast Schedule 428 290 352 227 589 313 767 304 220 421 208 390 290 242 433 149 250 2066 1081 F 656 368 608 485 697 856 998 624 497 801 1054 1482 1449 2537 1240 4885 1261 3727 1246 1219 2689 2472 1071 M 739 403 732 571 757 970 686 636 936 1142 1725 1712 2941 1396 5617 1437 4471 1358 1328 2995 1172 2626 1237

Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Uttar Airport, Agra Population Population 771 2196 3207 3161 1395 5478 2636 2698 1340 8198 2604 1056 1454 1826 2547 5684 2170 1310 1133 5098 2308 1737 Total Total 10502 99 322 511 463 217 859 410 431 200 456 191 219 286 403 899 333 197 177 818 343 282 1651 1210 Holds Holds House House

roposed New Civil Enclave at Civil New roposed

Name of Name Settlement Khal Khallauwa Khera Bhagor Kuthawati Lakhanpur Lakhanpur Lakhurani Malpura Manghatai Maniyan Mankenda Mau Mohammadpur Mundhera Nagar Naubari Panwari Rajpura Rasulpur Sagunapur Sahara Sakatpur Sirauli Sn 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44

EIA for Development of P of EIA for Development ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited

F 3-66 601 374 348 721 707 1394 4887 3082 3302 1324 2052 2767 3405 15873 39331 439397 477483 516814 Literate Literate

M 995 824 542 1404 1108 2302 6411 4409 4906 1943 3066 4595 4880 21923 64783 575475 629910 694693

Description of Environment

0 0 0 0 0 7 0 0 0 2 6 1 0 0 F 97 97 2792 2808 2905

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 3 0 0 0 M 15 107 107 3156 3178 3285 Schedule Tribe Tribe Schedule

F 30 105 163 582 243 969 5633 1399 2221 1934 1657 1252 2385 2116 19669 171215 190781 210450

M 37 Schedule Cast Cast Schedule 125 189 746 292 6509 1655 1049 2547 2176 1938 1384 2849 2206 22733 199208 221521 244254

F 976 633 1193 1764 1135 2771 7593 5727 6170 2504 3706 5516 7345 23919 78500 739802 805053 883553

M 704 1398 1093 2107 1387 3290 8427 6608 7099 2934 4178 6547 8237 29134 90209 845902

Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Uttar Airport, Agra 922356 1012565 Population Population

2591 2069 1337 3871 2522 6061 5438 7884 Total Total 53053 16020 12335 13269 12063 15582 168709 1585704 1727409 1896118

428 315 224 629 406 952 834 9812 2812 2155 2285 1230 1869 2491 Holds Holds House House 26318 267945 292385 318703 roposed New Civil Enclave at Civil New roposed

Name of Name Settlement Sucheta Sunari Sutendi Tapara Ujrai Sub Total Urban Area Agra (CB) Agra (M Corp.) Artauni (CT) Dehtora (CT) Deoretha (CT) Kalwari (CT) Kaulakha (CT) Patholi (CT) Rohta (CT) Runkata (CT) Sub Total Total Sn 45 46 47 48 49 II. 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59

EIA for Development of P of EIA for Development Source: Census Record-2011 ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited

F

825 825 792 240 958 856 477 396 636 991 3-67 1794 1794 1201 3365 1714 1808 4690 1088 1832 2671 1141 3643 2222 2470

M 553 553 851 557 712 187 778 582 842 356 332 553 694 Non Workers Non Workers 1261 2345 1232 1336 3175 1208 1809 2630 1454 1667

0 F

Description of Environment 35 28 51 56 42 42 13 65 15 131 131 135 179 217 121 217 493 194 118 129 103 276

Workers Workers 0 7 Marginal Marginal M 72 26 19 77 70 196 196 134 428 241 104 519 170 165 122 268 165 243 256 271 225

0 3 6 F 14 53 57 20 56 85 11 52 83 75 17 98 21 44 21 29 143 143 194 182 Other Other

Workers Workers M 79 40 172 172 458 511 223 915 611 747 287 676 407 646 162 291 191 592 644 167 312 1578 1578 1300

3 1 6 0 5 2 8 6 F 32 48 27 12 35 18 23 24 73 20 19 60 32 125 125

Labour 6 1 8 M 60 63 53 34 71 88 37 60 78 31 76 316 316 110 424 136 127 207 476 146 ern of the Study Area Agricultural Agricultural

9 8 7 6 8 2 5 F 12 46 56 33 18 85 12 25 17 10 11 14 13 112 112 109

M 81 23 43 51 303 303 427 203 159 313 228 635 148 158 127 494 103 199 237 116 287 110 121 Cultivators

6 F

Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Uttar Airport, Agra 29 77 86 24 82 16 25 73 77 34 48 131 131 114 203 128 404 131 211 199 135 228

M 535 535 948 720 435 726 506 103 922 670 302 550 265 915 167 423 441 1544 1544 1085 2637 1267 1615 1407 Main Workers Workers Main Table 3.34: Occupational Patt

6 F 52 58 38 63 160 160 266 293 112 420 207 345 897 133 325 267 241 253 202 142 331 310

M roposed New Civil Enclave at Civil New roposed 607 854 461 967 676 103 792 467 793 284 244 493 448 1144 1144 1972 1189 3156 1087 1535 1871 1186 1632 Total Workers Workers Total Name of of Name Settlement Rural Area Area Rural Abhaypura Atus Bad Bain Khera Bainpur Mustkil Balhera Ahir Bamrauli Barara Bhandai Bhogpur Bichpuri Chauhatna Davli Dhanoli Garhsani Itaura Jakhoda Jaupura Jitora Kakua Pur Kalayan Khal Sn Sn I. I. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22

EIA for Development of P of EIA for Development ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited F

510 510 353 592 865 463 681 851 951 611 365 919 636 937 3-68 1309 1309 1302 2292 1210 4500 1157 2644 1031 2507 2126 1156 M 935 935 924 408 203 734 751 525 653 318 447 527 758 635 384 344 640 488 691 551 Non Workers Non Workers 1497 3041 2433 1607 1384 0 9 2 5 0 7 4 F

Description of Environment 74 19 94 43 15 41 70 27 17 60 14 107 107 171 178 248 121 1031 1031 Workers Workers 0 9 Marginal Marginal M 61 61 18 34 50 24 81 64 60 21 17 81 461 461 145 632 213 209 212 188 180 233 158 7 7 2 6 5 0 3 F 63 35 20 50 31 42 70 10 11 33 14 84 27 11 103 103 138 119 Other Other Workers Workers M 41 91 22 38 66 20 96 57 40 84 515 515 396 110 480 708 129 161 419 428 126 538 190 1112 1112 1320 0 2 2 6 0 1 0 1 4 1 9 3 9 F 10 68 16 36 42 12 20 19 41 10 14 Labour 0 4 1 4 M 13 92 20 11 93 35 94 21 76 261 261 236 389 104 143 169 120 189 139 142 133 Agricultural Agricultural 3 8 9 6 9 1 5 5 6 2 7 7 3 5 F 26 25 12 12 34 64 23 63 56 104 104 M 37 50 68 82 44 67 10 201 201 239 183 159 285 406 594 311 102 362 196 588 159 123 392 374 138 Cultivators 7 5 6 F

Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Uttar Airport, Agra 99 39 15 21 61 14 52 11 20 98 31 33 25 128 128 151 214 203 147 112 115 105 M 729 729 727 313 200 612 541 183 492 172 246 383 361 349 122 283 576 290 690 461 1410 1410 2115 1406 1176 1009 Main Workers Workers Main 5 F 15 30 16 22 16 47 13 37 39 173 173 147 146 245 385 104 381 188 182 132 346 152 165 1083 1083 M roposed New Civil Enclave at Civil New roposed 790 788 331 200 662 686 207 705 253 310 443 570 537 302 292 597 448 707 542 1444 1444 2576 2038 1388 1242 Total Workers Workers Total Name of of Name Settlement Khallauwa Khallauwa Bhagor Khera Kuthawati Lakhanpur Lakhanpur Lakhurani Malpura Manghatai Maniyan Mankenda Mau Mohammadpur Mundhera Nagar Naubari Panwari Rajpura Rasulpur Sagunapur Sahara Sakatpur Sirauli Sucheta Sunari Sn Sn 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46

EIA for Development of P of EIA for Development ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited

F

610 610 3-69 2455 2455 6774 5218 5123 2119 3152 4884 6839 1575 1575 1015 22029 22029 635546 635546 68978 68978 694139 694139 763117

M 393 393 704 1870 1870 4349 3421 3506 1734 2155 3461 4555 Non Workers Non Workers 1042 12920 12920 433299 433299 48131 48131 471270 471270 519401

9 F

Description of Environment 94 405 405 176 243 190 342 240 360 451 188 122 122 43858 43858 5242 5242 46453 46453 51695

Workers Workers Marginal Marginal M 37 141 141 583 760 738 373 504 808 426 472 472 351 1605 1605 72388 72388 7850 7850 78326 78326 86176

6 F 47 16 117 117 495 309 668 128 160 147 267 1464 1464 57126 57126 2224 2224 60881 60881 63105 Other Other

Workers Workers M 734 734 167 167 440 192 1057 1057 3180 2378 2717 1254 1894 2790 14478 14478 324719 324719 18995 18995 355201 355201 374196

9 1 5 0 1 F 17 68 26 11 24 41 11 917 917 1621 1621 1823 1823 2740

Labour 0 1 M 58 16 38 18 136 136 267 102 110 145 326 9771 9771 5116 5116 Agricultural Agricultural 10969 10969 16085

6 9 6 8 9 9 F 12 13 11 29 10 10 1651 1651 1757 1757 2896 1139 1139

M 73 86 48 33 36 55 155 155 239 140 107 107 135 139 5725 5725 Cultivators 6590 6590 16707 16707 10117 10117

F

Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Uttar Airport, Agra 14 67 26 140 140 576 319 705 145 194 181 318 1485 1485 60398 60398 4280 4280 64461 64461 68741

M 827 827 274 274 593 332 1279 1279 3495 2427 2855 1519 2278 3256 14609 14609 Main Workers Workers Main 340215 340215 34228 34228 372760 372760 406988

F 23 316 316 819 509 385 554 632 506 189 189 120 1890 1890 1047 9522 9522 104256 104256 110914 110914 120436

M 311 311 683

roposed New Civil Enclave at Civil New roposed 1420 4078 3187 3593 1200 2023 3086 3682 1065 1065 16214 16214 Total Workers Workers Total 412603 412603 42078 42078 451086 451086 493164 Name of of Name Settlement Sutendi Sutendi Tapara Ujrai Total Sub Area Urban Study Total Area Agra (CB) Agra (CB) Corp.) Agra (M (CT) Artauni (CT) Dehtora Deoretha (CT) (CT) Kalwari (CT) Kaulakha (CT) Patholi (CT) Rohta (CT) Runkata Total Sub Sn Sn 47 48 49 II . 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59

EIA for Development of P of EIA for Development -2011 Source: Census Record ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Anticipated Environmental Impacts & Mitigation Measures

CHAPTER – 4

ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES

4.1 Introduction

The assessment of potential environmental impact consists of comparing the expected changes in the environment with or without the proposed civil enclave at Agra adjacent to Airforce Base at Agra. The main aim of assessment of environment impacts is to identify the nature and significance of anticipated environmental impacts. This chapter assesses the nature, type and magnitude of the potential impacts likely on the various relevant physical, biological, social and cultural components due to the proposed civil enclave. The environmental, biological, ecological and social impacts can be direct as well as indirect. The direct area of influence includes the construction sites for the project and surrounding area. The impacts on various environmental components can occur at any of the following stages of the project planning and implementation: (i.) planning and design stage; (ii) construction stage; and (iii) operation stage.

This chapter discusses the identification and appraisal of various environmental impacts due to the planning, design construction and operation of the proposed civil enclave at Agra. The construction and operation phases of the proposed civil enclave will comprise various activities, each of which may have adverse or beneficial impact on environmental parameters. Various anticipated environmental impacts during the construction and operation phases on the environmental parameters have been studied to evaluate and estimate its impact on the environment. The environmental impacts can be categorized as either primary or secondary. Primary impacts are those, which are attributable directly to the project, secondary impacts are those, which are indirectly induced and typically include the associated impacts and changed pattern of social and economic activities by the proposed civil enclave.

The design, construction and operational phase of the proposed civil enclave at Agra comprises various activities each of which may have an impact on some or other environmental parameters. Various environmental attributes during the construction and operation phase have been studied/analyzed to estimate the overall impacts on the surrounding environment.

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 4 -1 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Anticipated Environmental Impacts & Mitigation Measures

Due to the proposed civil enclave at Agra, water environment, air environment, noise, land environment, ecological environment and socio-economic factors are identified as the significant environmental components likely to be affected. The anticipated impacts on the environmental components are identified, quantitatively/qualitatively evaluated, predicted and discussed below with suitable mitigation measures.

Methodology for Qualitatively Assessment of Environmental Impacts

The anticipated environmental impacts due to the proposed civil enclave at Agra may be beneficial or adverse, short or long term (acute or chronic), temporary or permanent, direct or indirect and local or regional. Adverse environmental impacts include such impacts which can lead harm to living resources, atmosphere, damage to human health, birds & animal, vegetation, land & water resources, hindrance to activities in place, harm of quality for use, reduction of amenities, damage to physical structures, etc. Environmental risk is also evaluated based on its likelihood and significance for each identified potential environmental impact due to proposed activities for the proposed civil enclave in the area. For the proposed civil enclave at Agra, the impacts assessment has been carried out in the following three steps:

 Step 1 : Identification of interface between project activities and environmental receptors  Step 2 : Identification of potential environmental impacts  Step 3 : Evaluation of significant environmental impacts

In Step 1, based on the project description and environmental baseline conditions, a detailed matrix of activities and environmental receptors has been prepared. Based on project activities and baseline environment conditions at and around the proposed civil enclave at Agra, it is determined whether an interface exists between project activity and an environmental receptor.

In Step 2, on the basis of interface identified in Step 1, potential environmental impacts due to the proposed civil enclave are identified. The environmental impacts may be beneficial or adverse, direct or indirect, reversible or irreversible and short-term or long-term as given, as per criteria given in Table 4.1.

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 4 -2 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Anticipated Environmental Impacts & Mitigation Measures

Table 4.1: Impact Assessment Rating Matrix Impact Criteria Nature of Beneficial Positive Impact Adverse Negative Duration of Short term Impacts shall be confined to a stipulated Impact time Long term Impacts shall continue till the end of project life Impacted Area Localized Impacts shall be confined within 10 km radius Regional Impacts shall continue beyond 10 km radius

In Step 3, all the potential environmental impacts are evaluated and a qualitative evaluation is carried out. An impact level is rated as “low”, “medium” or “high”. The impact rating is based on two parameters, i.e. “severity of environmental impacts” and “likelihood of occurrence of the environmental impacts”.

 Severity of Environmental Impact: The severity of an environmental impact is a function of a range of considerations including impact magnitude, impact duration, impact extent, compliance of prescribed legal framework and the characteristics of the receptors/ resources; and  Likelihood of Occurrence of Environmental Impact: How likely is the impact (this is particularly an important consideration in the evaluation of unplanned/ accidental events).

The significance of each environmental impact is determined by assessing the impact’s severity against the likelihood of the environmental impact occurring, as summarized in the environmental impact significance assessment matrix provided in Table 4.2.

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 4 -3 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Anticipated Environmental Impacts & Mitigation Measures

Table 4.2: Impact Assessment Rating Matrix Impact Likelihood Impact Unlikely (e.g. Low Likelihood Medium High Likelihood Severity not expected (e.g. may occur Likelihood (e.g. (e.g. routine, to occur once or twice may occur every happens several during the during the few years) times a year) project project lifetime) lifetime) Slight Negligible Negligible Negligible Negligible Impact Impact Impact Impact Low Negligible Negligible Negligible to Minor Impact Impact Impact Minor Impact Medium Negligible Minor Impact Minor–Moderate Moderate Impact Impact Impact High Minor Moderate Major Impact Major Impact Impact Impact

Notes: Negligible Impact : Defined as magnitude of change comparable to natural variation Minor Impact : Defined as detectable but not significant Moderate Impact : Defined as insignificant; amenable to mitigation; should be mitigated where practicable Major Impact : Defined as significant; amenable to mitigation; must be mitigated The one of primary purpose of the proposed civil enclave at Agra is to facilitated departure and arrival of passengers outside the Airforce Base, taxi way and apron for four aircraft. Accordingly, keeping in view the current and future requirement, proposed terminal building, taxiway and apron at proposed civil enclave are proposed.

The likely impacts of the proposed civil enclave at Agra would be due to:

 Pre-construction Phase  Construction phase, which would be mainly regarded as temporary or short term; and  Operation phase, which would have long-term and permanent impacts.

The construction and operation phases of the proposed civil enclave at Agra comprise of various activities, which have been considered to assess the anticipated impact on one or other environmental parameter as described in the following sections:

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 4 -4 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Anticipated Environmental Impacts & Mitigation Measures

The mitigation measures for adverse environmental impacts have been suggested as applicable regulatory requirements on environmental and socio- economic issues and are intended to meet the following objectives:

 Prevent air, water, soil and noise pollution during construction & operation phases;  Adopt environmental and social enhancement measures;  Encourage the socio-economic development in the region.

The anticipated environmental impacts of the proposed civil enclave and corresponding mitigation measures for construction and operation phases have been described in the following sub-sections:

4.2 Anticipated Impact and Mitigation Measures for Pre-Construction Phase

The pre-construction phase will involve completion of necessary legal formalities with respect to environmental clearances, site surveys/design and bidding of the proposed civil enclave at Agra. The construction of the proposed civil enclave will require equipment and machinery, requisite skilled, semi- skilled manpower & labour. The supervision and project management will be undertaken by Airports Authority of India.

4.3 Anticipated Impact and Mitigation Measures for Construction Phase

The construction phase will mainly consist of transportation of earth for filling, machinery and construction materials to be used for construction, clearing and levelling of land, construction of terminal building, taxi way apron, etc and associated works as per approved design, etc. Terminal building will be constructed through pre-cast and pre-fab structures.

4.3.1 Topography & Physiography

Topography of the area is plain. For construction of the proposed civil enclave at Agra, no significant cutting and filling of earth will be required. The construction for the proposed civil enclave will be confined within encumbrance free 49.8 Acres land, which has been transferred by State Govt. to AAI. Hence,

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 4 -5 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Anticipated Environmental Impacts & Mitigation Measures

the anticipated impact on the topography during construction phase is rated as:

Environmental Impact Rating Topography & Physiography Nature of Impact Adverse Duration of Impact Long term Impacted Area Localized Likelihood of Occurrence Low Severity of Impact Low Significance of Impact Low

Mitigation Measures

 Land clearing at the site will be kept to the absolute minimum practicable; and  Construction site would be designed to minimize filling of the earths.  Borrowing of earth if required will be ensured only from approved borrow area having valid environmental from District Level Environmental Impact Assessment Authority (DEIAA).

4.3.2 Land Use Pattern

For construction of proposed civil enclave, total 49.8 Acres land is required, which has been transferred by State Govt. to AAI. The land use pattern of the 50 Acres land pattern is currently open land, which will be changed permanently, however this impact will be localized. The impact on the land use pattern of the area during construction phase is rated as:

Environmental Impact Rating Land Use pattern Nature of Impact Adverse Duration of Impact Long term Impacted Area Localized Likelihood of Occurrence Low Severity of Impact Slight Significance of Impact Negligible

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 4 -6 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Anticipated Environmental Impacts & Mitigation Measures

Mitigation Measures

 Land clearing for construction site will be kept to the absolutely minimum practicable;  The filling and cutting of soil would be kept minimum; and  Construction debris and waste generated during construction activities will be collected and disposed in environmental sound manner as per applicable rules depending upon type of wastes.

4.3.3 Soil Quality

During construction phase, no significant cutting and filling of earth will be required as site for proposed civil enclave is already plain. Natural soil/sand required for civil works will be procured from approved suppliers.

At the time of construction, some amount of debris, cuttings of construction materials, etc, may be generated at the construction site. Wastes and debris generated at the site will be collected time to time and disposed suitability to avoid contamination of earth.

During the construction phase, hydraulic lube oil, fuels and lubricating oils would be used near the proposed construction site. There is possibility of spills of such oils during loading, unloading, storing and handing. During construction phase, waste oil shall be generated as and when lubricating oil will be changed from engines of natural gas operated power generators and construction machineries. Used oil shall be collected and stored in leak proof drums and sent to be used oil recyclers. The used oil drums shall be properly identified with a label in Hindi and English. Used oil generated shall be handed over to authorised recyclers for treatment and reuse. Other solid wastes, like debris, metal pieces, cotton wastes, electrical wires cuttings, etc so generated will be collected & segregated and will be disposed off as per standard practices.

The overall impact on soil quality during construction phase is summarized as hereunder: Environmental Impact Rating Soil Quality Nature of Impact Adverse Duration of Impact Short term Impacted Area Localized

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 4 -7 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Anticipated Environmental Impacts & Mitigation Measures

Environmental Impact Rating Soil Quality Likelihood of Occurrence Low Severity of Impact Slight Significance of Impact Negligible

Mitigation Measures

 Compaction and stabilization will be ensured during filling to ensure that no loose soil is washed away with runoff during rains,  Restoration of land surface with the site condition and contours, prior to initiation of construction activities,  Wastes, fuel, oil drums, used oil, etc. would be collected and disposed properly,  Dust bins will be placed at requisite locations at construction site and there will be segregation of wastes before disposal,  Used oil from maintenance of natural gas operated power generators’ engines and construction equipment will be collected separately in drums and will be handed over to the authorized used oil recyclers by the Uttar Pradesh Pollution Control Board (UPPCB) as per the CPCB guidelines. List of authorized used oil recyclers is already available at UPPCB website,  Approx. 25 kg per day municipal wastes, like, plastic, paper, packing waste, bottles, oil contaminated cottons and clothes, food waste from labour camp, etc will also be generated and may contaminate soil of the site, if not disposed properly. These wastes will be segregated and disposed as per Solid Waste Management Rule, 2016.

4.3.4 Drainage Pattern

For construction of proposed civil enclave at Agra, total 49.8 Acres land will be used which is adjacent to existing Airforce Base. Proper slope and storm water management system will be provided at the site to maintain natural drainage and runoff movement at the site and surrounding areas. The anticipated impact on the natural drainage pattern during construction phase is rated as:

Environmental Impact Rating Drainage Pattern Nature of Impact Adverse Duration of Impact Short term Impacted Area Localized

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 4 -8 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Anticipated Environmental Impacts & Mitigation Measures

Likelihood of Occurrence Low Severity of Impact Low Significance of Impact Negligible

Mitigation Measures

 Slope and storm water management shall be provided to maintain drainage and flow of runoff in the drain.  Drainage at the site will be maintained as per drainage counter at the site, therefore, no flooding will be occurred at and around the proposed civil enclave during and after construction of terminal building, taxi way and apron.

4.3.5 Flood and Natural Disaster

The proposed civil enclave site is not geographically vulnerable to floods. During the construction of the proposed civil enclave, natural drainage will be maintained properly by storm water management.

The impact from the flood due to construction of the proposed civil enclave is rated as: Environmental Impact Rating Natural Disaster- Flood Nature of Impact Adverse Duration of Impact Short term Impacted Area Localized Likelihood of Occurrence Low Severity of Impact Low Significance of Impact Minor

Mitigation Measures

 Area within the site for construction of new proposed civil enclave shall be graded properly;  Natural drainage will be maintained in the surrounding.  Construction of storm water drainage channels will not allow water logging at the site and in surrounding area;

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 4 -9 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Anticipated Environmental Impacts & Mitigation Measures

4.3.6 Water Resources

During the construction phase of the proposed civil enclave, approx 25-30 kl/day water will be required depending upon the type of construction activities. The water requirement will be met through bore well to be drilled after obtaining permission from competent agency. The construction will be completed within in approximately approx. 18 months time. The construction water requirement would be temporary in nature depending nature of construction activities. Therefore, the impact on the water resources during the construction phase would be temporary and variable in nature. The overall impact on water resource during construction phase is rated as:

Environmental Impact Rating Water Resources Nature of Impact Adverse Duration of Impact Short term Impacted Area Localized Likelihood of Occurrence Low Severity of Impact Low Significance of Impact Negligible

Mitigation Measures

 Continuous efforts will be made to optimize/reduce water usage,  Continuous attempts will be made to avoid wastage and leakage of water,  Record of water consumption on a daily basis will be maintained,  Reuse of treated waste water for greenery and landscaping.

4.3.7 Water Quality

Water will be required for construction purposes during the period of construction especially for concreting and compaction of excavated earths. The water requirement will be met by extracting ground water from existing borewell at the proposed civil enclave.

Anticipated impacts on water quality during construction phase may be due to sewage and wastes generated from the construction site. The wastewater (sewage) generated during construction phase will be mainly from domestic activities. At the construction site 120 to 150 skilled, semiskilled and labour will

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 4 -10 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Anticipated Environmental Impacts & Mitigation Measures

be required for construction activities depending construction activities. Wastewater generated from domestic purposes will be minimal as most of the workers will be from the local area.

During the construction phase, excavated loose soil used for foundation, taxi way and apron may be washed out from the site with runoff during rainfall, which may increase the turbidity and suspended solids in runoff from construction site. However, this impact may last when first rain is over as loose soil will be stabilised after first rainfall. Therefore, this impact will be temporary in nature.

The overall impact during construction phase on water quality is summarized as the follows: Environmental Impact Rating Water Quality Nature of Impact Adverse Duration of Impact Short term Impacted Area Localized Likelihood of Occurrence Low Severity of Impact Slight Significance of Impact Negligible

Mitigation Measures

 Excavation and site clearing work will be planned during non rainy season,  All debris and wastes from the construction of the proposed civil enclave will be collected and disposed off suitably,  Silt traps will be provided to prevent the discharge of excessive suspended solids,  Oil trap will be provided in the drainage line to prevent contamination of runoff by any oil spillage from construction machineries,  To prevent contamination from spillage of oil, storage areas will be made by cemented floor, bunded and will be cleaned at regular intervals,  Wastewater generated from the domestic activities (kitchen/toilet) will be treated in septic tank after passing through oil trap followed by soak pit or used for green belt development, and  Used oil and oil contaminated cotton & clothes will be given to authorised used oil recyclers.

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 4 -11 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Anticipated Environmental Impacts & Mitigation Measures

4.3.8 Ambient Air Quality

The potential sources of air emissions during construction phase of the proposed civil enclave will be as follows:

 Dust from earth works (during site preparation & excavation),  Emissions from the operation of construction equipment and machines for compaction,  Fugitive emissions from vehicles running to the construction site,  Fugitive emissions during the unloading of cement bags,  Fugitive emissions during mixing of cement with other building materials,  Emission for natural gas operated power generators to be used temporarily during construction phase,  Air emissions other than dust arise from combustion of hydrocarbons. The

pollutants of concerns are NO2, SO2, CO, un-burnt hydrocarbons and

particulate matter (PM10 & PM2.5).

The impact of construction activity on ambient air quality is a cause for concern mainly in the dry months due to settling of dust particles. The main sources of dust emissions during the construction period will be the movement of equipment at the site and dust emitted during the levelling, grading, earthworks, and other construction related activities. The dust emitted during the above mentioned activities will depend upon the type of soil being excavated and the humidity levels. The impact is likely to be for short duration and confined to vicinity of the construction site. The composition of dust in this kind of operation is however mostly coarse particles, inorganic and non-toxic in nature and these are not expected to travel long distance before settling.

Exhaust emissions from vehicles and equipment deployed during the

construction phase also result in marginal increase in the levels of SO2, NO2,

unburnt hydrocarbons and particulate matter (PM10 & PM2.5). The impact will, however, be reversible, marginal, and temporary in nature.

The impact of construction activities on ambient air would be temporary and restricted to the construction phase. The impact will be confined within the project boundary and is expected to be negligible outside the project boundaries. Proper up-keep and maintenance of vehicles, sprinkling of water at construction site, etc. are some of the proposed measures that would greatly

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 4 -12 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Anticipated Environmental Impacts & Mitigation Measures

reduce the impact on the air quality during the construction phase of the proposed civil enclave.

During the excavation, earth, unloading of cement bags and mixing of cement with other building materials, fugitive dust emissions may be emitted at the construction site. It may be noted that these emissions would be in the form of coarse particulate matter and will be settled down ultimately in the closed vicinity of the construction site.

Emissions from the natural gas operated power generators may cause localised impact on ambient air quality for short duration as these will be operated during grid power failure. Natural gas operated power generators will be operated only in case of grid power failure. Adequate height of stacks will be provided to the natural gas operated power generators as per guidelines of CPCB to facilitate the dispersion of flue gases in the atmosphere.

As construction activities will be mainly confined to the project site only for a short duration, hence the impact on the ambient air quality during construction phase is rated as given below: Environmental Impact Rating Ambient Air Quality Nature of Impact Adverse Duration of Impact Short term Impacted Area Localized Likelihood of Occurrence High Severity of Impact Low Significance of Impact Minor

Mitigation Measures

 The proposed civil enclave site is located in TTZ area. Therefore, after obtaining environmental clearance, permission will be obtained from TTZ Authority also.  Consent to Establish and Consent to Operate will be obtained from UP Pollution Control Board.  Dust suppression systems (water spray) will be used as per requirement at the construction site;  Construction materials and earth will be fully covered during transportation to the construction site by road;

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 4 -13 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Anticipated Environmental Impacts & Mitigation Measures

 Standard prescribed by the CPCB/UPPCB for stack height and emissions from Natural gas operated power generators will be complied with;  Preventive maintenance will be carried out for vehicles and pollution check will be mandatory on periodic basis all the vehicles approaching to the construction site;  Earth moving equipment, typically a bulldozer with a grader blade and ripper, will be used for excavation work;  Monitoring of ambient air quality/source emission will be carried out as per details given in Chapter 6 or as stipulated by the MoEF&CC/ UPPCB.

4.3.9 Noise Levels

During the construction phase of the proposed civil enclave, noise will be generated from various sources. Some major sources of noise generation during construction phase of the proposed civil enclave are listed below:

 Generation of noise during movement of vehicles carrying materials and loading & unloading activities,  Generation of noise from construction machines, pavers, concrete mixer, compactor, rollers and other construction machines,  Generation of noise from vehicle movement.  Generation of noise during concreting, and pavement, etc,  Noise from the mechanical operations at the site.  Generation of noise from Natural gas operated power generators at works site.

All the above-mentioned sources at the proposed construction activities will be intermittent and would be experienced occasionally. It may also be noted that, most of the construction activities will be carried out only during the daytime.

The expected noise levels from these activities are given hereunder in Table 4.3:

Table 4.3: Typical Noise Levels of Construction Equipment Particulars Noise Levels dB(A) Earth Movers Front End Loaders 72-84 Tractors 76-96 Scrapers, Graders 80-93

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 4 -14 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Anticipated Environmental Impacts & Mitigation Measures

Particulars Noise Levels dB(A) Pavers 86-88 Trucks 82-94 Material Handlers Concrete mixers 75-88 Concrete pumps 81-88 Stationary Equipment Pumps 69-71 Generators 70-80

Resultant Noise Level

The combined effect of above sources can be determined as per the following equation:

(Lp1/10) (Lp2/10) (Lp3/10) Lp(total) = 10 log (10 + 10 + 10 + ……..….)

Where: Lp1, Lp2 and Lp3 are noise pressure level at a point due to different sources in dB (A).

For an approximate estimation of dispersion of noise in the ambient air from the source point, a standard mathematical model for sound wave propagation is used. The sound pressure level generated by noise sources decreases with increases distance from the source due to wave divergence. An additional decrease in sound pressure level from the source is expected due to atmospheric effect or its interaction with objects in the transmission path. The noise level generated from a source would decrease with increase in distance from the source because of the wave divergence.

For hemispherical sound wave propagation through homogenous loss of free medium, noise levels at various locations can be calculated due to different sources using model based on the first principles as per the following equation:

Lp2 = Lp1 – 20 log(r2) – 8

Where: Lp2 and Lp1 - Sound Pressure Level (SPLs) at points located at source

and at distances of r2 from the source respectively in dB (A).

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 4 -15 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Anticipated Environmental Impacts & Mitigation Measures

The resultant maximum noise level for the above sources as calculated using combined effect equation is 85 dB(A). Assuming no environmental attenuation factors, noise modelling has been done, which shows noise level will mingle with the baseline noise level within short distance. Noise modelling results for construction phase have been given in Table 4.4 and shown in Figure 4.1:

Table 4.4: Noise Modelling Results Area Permissible Limits (Day Distance from Source Time) Silence Zone 50 dB (A) 141.3 m Residential 55 dB (A) 79.4 m Commercial 65 dB (A) 25.1 m Industrial 75 dB (A) 7.9 m

100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30

dB(A) Levels Noise 20 10 0 0.0 20.0 40.0 60.0 80.0 100.0 120.0 140.0 160.0 Distance from Source (m)

Resultant Noise Level Background Noise Level

Figure 4.1: Attenuation of Noise from Source during Construction

The noise produced during construction phase will have temporary impacts on the existing ambient noise levels at the project site but restricted to small distance (maximum upto 142 m) and only during daytime within the civil enclave. Therefore, the impact of noise levels on surrounding area will be insignificant during the construction phase.

The general noise level due to construction activities, such as working of earth moving equipment and machinery installation, may sometimes go up to 85

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 4 -16 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Anticipated Environmental Impacts & Mitigation Measures

dB(A) at the work site during day time. The workers in general are likely to be exposed to an equivalent noise level of 75-80 dB (A) in an eight (8) hour shift for which all statutory precautions as per law will be implemented. Use of proper Personal Protective Equipments (PPEs) will further mitigate adverse impacts of noise on the workers, if any. The impacts can be further minimized and made insignificant by using standard practice of construction. The present noise level, monitored in the study area, is well within the standards of noise level. Hence, the impact on the noise level during construction phase is rated as given in the table below:

Environmental Impact Rating Noise Level Nature of Impact Adverse Duration of Impact Short term Impacted Area Localized Likelihood of Occurrence High Severity of Impact Slight Significance of Impact Negligible

Mitigation Measures

 Provision of rubber padding/ noise isolators to natural gas operated power generators and construction machines  Preventive maintenance of the machine/ equipments will be carried out;  Provision of silencers to modulate the noise generated by machines;  Provision of protective devices like ear muff/ plugs to the workers; and  Monitoring of ambient noise level/ source emission will be carried out as per details given in Chapter 6 or as stipulated by the CPCB/ UPPCB.

4.3.10 Terrestrial Ecology

For proposed civil enclave, approx. 12 trees are likely to be felled after obtaining permission from the local authority. AAI has planned to plant 3500 plant saplings at the proposed civil enclave. It is proposed that landscaping and green belt will be developed on 44117 sqm around open space of the proposed civil enclave.

The overall impact on the terrestrial ecology due to construction activities is rated as:

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 4 -17 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Anticipated Environmental Impacts & Mitigation Measures

Environment Impact Rating Ecology Nature of Impact Adverse Duration of Impact Long term Impacted Area Localized Likelihood of Occurrence Low Severity of Impact Minor Significance of Impact Significant

Mitigation Measures

 Landscaping from construction phase to strengthening flora in the area; and  Indigenous species will be selected which will be suitable for local climacteric conditions.

4.3.11 Occupational Safety and Health

During construction phase of the proposed civil enclave, the personnel working at the site may be exposed to physical hazards, like, dust, noise, fugitive dust emissions, welding fumes, working at height, handling of heavy loads, falling objects underneath of temporary structures, working on unguarded moving machine, hammering and cutting without PPEs, etc. These are most occupational hazards at the terminal building/civil enclave construction site and may have potential adverse impacts on the Occupational Safety and Health. Hence, overall impact is rated as follows:

Environmental Impact Rating Occupational Safety & Health Nature of Impact Adverse Duration of Impact Short term Impacted Area Localized Likelihood of Occurrence High Severity of Impact Low Significance of Impact Low

Mitigation Measures

General Occupational Health and Safety Measures

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 Provide effective dust suppression measures during earth work.  Dust-proof masks will be provided to personnel working in areas with high dust levels;  Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) for machinery will be used;  Mandatory use of relevant Personal Protective Equipments (PPEs) for all workers. Employees will be provided with helmets, safety boots, eye and ear protection and snug fitting gloves, safety belt, goggles, as appropriate;  Sanitary facilities like toilets and bath rooms will be provided and workers will be instructed use them;  Housekeeping at the work site will be maintained well.  Solid waste generated at the site will be collected and disposed as per standard practices.  Motivational, warning and informatary signage and poster related occupational health and safety will be displayed at strategic locations  Do and Don’ts will be provided at critical equipment and machinery.  Pre-employment and periodic medical examinations will be conducted for all personnel and specific surveillance programs will be initiated for personnel potentially exposed to health hazards.

4.3.12Socio-Economic Environment

The construction phase of the proposed civil enclave will have beneficial impacts on social environment as private land acquisition is not involved directly as State Government has transferred 49.8 Acres land to AAI for construction of the proposed civil enclave.

During construction phase significant increase in income of local people is expected as local unskilled, semiskilled and skilled persons will gain direct or indirect employment during construction phase. Since the immigration of work force during construction phase is likely to be very small, the social impacts on demography, literacy, health care, transport facilities and cultural aspect are expected to be insignificant.

Economic Impacts

The relatively short-lived economic impacts of the construction stage are likely to be experienced in local area for the duration of construction phase as workers make everyday purchases from local traders in near by areas. This is

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 4 -19 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Anticipated Environmental Impacts & Mitigation Measures

likely to give a short-lived stimulus to the shopkeepers/traders that will disappear as soon as the construction is complete. Noticeable, flow-on economic impacts will be experienced in other sectors of economy as a result of purchase of construction materials and the payment of wages and salaries to the personnel engaged in the construction of the proposed civil enclave. Hence, impact on economic impacts is rated as follows:

Environmental Impact Rating Resettlement Issues Nature of Impact Beneficial Duration of Impact Short term Impacted Area Regional Likelihood of Occurrence High Severity of Impact High Significance of Impact Moderate

Employment

During the construction of the proposed civil enclave, 120 to 150 skilled and semiskilled and unskilled workers will get direct employment opportunity for about one year, which will have beneficial impact on the socio-economic conditions of the area. Therefore, overall positive impacts are anticipated on socio-economic environment during construction phase. Furthermore, local skilled, semi skilled and unskilled labourers will get indirect employment also during the construction phase. This may also result in a steep rise in wages of workers in the surrounding villages. Several other opportunities for locals will be available in terms of supply of construction materials & machinery, vehicles and other essential commodities, petty contracts, etc. Hence, overall impact on employment is rated as follows:

Environmental Impact Rating Employment Nature of Impact Beneficial Duration of Impact Short term Impacted Area Localized Likelihood of Occurrence High Severity of Impact Medium Significance of Impact Low

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Mitigation Measures

 Preference will be given to locals for direct and indirect employment opportunity;  Local suppliers for machineries and construction materials will be given preference;  Local transporters will be preferred for transportation of machinery/ earth/materials;  To train unskilled local work, short term skill development course will be organized in the area.

Influx of Construction Workers

Although the construction contractors are likely to use unskilled labour drawn from local communities, use of specialized road construction equipment will require trained personnel not likely to be found locally. Sudden and relatively short-lived influxes of construction skilled workers to communities near the airport may have the potential to ‘skew’ certain demographic variables and the traditional social coherence. Hence, overall impact influx of construction workers is rated as follows:

Environmental Impact Rating Influx of Construction Workers Nature of Impact Adverse Duration of Impact Short term Impacted Area Localized Likelihood of Occurrence Low Severity of Impact Low Significance of Impact Negligible

4.4 Operation Phase

During operation phase, the proposed civil enclave will comprise mainly the following activities:

 Operation of proposed terminal building  Operation of taxiway and apron for parking of 4 (two) aircraft  Increase in passengers/visitors/ staff movement at departure and arrival of terminal building;

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 Vehicle movement at airport for drop and pick up;  Operation of natural gas operated power generators;  Operation of HVAC in new terminal building; etc  Multilevel parking

During the operation of the proposed civil enclave, the following sources of pollution are anticipated:

 Exhaust emissions in the form of particulate matters, NO2, SO2 CO and unburnt hydrocarbons will be emitted from aircraft movement (take-off, landing and taxing), vehicular movement, and operation of natural gas operated power generators;  Wastewater from domestic usages which include, dine outlets, washing hands, toilets and urinals, etc;  Energy consumption for HVAC and lightings in proposed terminal buildings.  Solid waste from aircraft, passengers, visitors, staff, cargo handling, sewage treatment plant (STP), waste lubricating oil from machinery/ equipments, etc;  Accidental spillage of fuel oil, if any.

The anticipated environmental impacts of the proposed civil enclave and corresponding mitigation measures for operation phase have been described in the following sub-sections.

4.4.1 Topography and Physiography

During operation phase of the proposed civil enclave, no impact is anticipated on the topography and physiography of the area. Hence, no mitigation measure is required.

4.4.2 Water Resources

Total water requirement at the proposed civil enclave is estimated as 387 kld, which will be met through bore well to be drilled after obtaining permission from the competent authority. Waste water generated from the proposed civil enclave will be treated in Sewage Treatment Plant (STP) and reused for flushing and greenery purposed.

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 4 -22 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Anticipated Environmental Impacts & Mitigation Measures

The overall impact on water resources during operation phase is rated as follows:

Environment Impact Rating Water Resources Nature of Impact Adverse Duration of Impact Long term Impacted Area Localized Likelihood of Occurrence High Severity of Impact Medium Significance of Impact Low

Mitigation Measures

 Continuous efforts will be made to reduce water consumption using less water required cisterns ;  Water efficient urinal and toilets will be provided in proposed terminal building.  Efforts will be made to stop wastage and leakage of water;  Sewage and domestic waste water will be treated in Sewage Treatment Plant  Treated waste water will be used for greenery & landscaping at the proposed civil enclave.

4.4.3 Water Quality

Total estimated wastewater generation during the operation phase is 272 kld, which will be treated in Sewage Treatment Plant (STP) of capacity 300 kld. After treatment, treated wastewater is reused for flushing and horticulture purposes. No wastewater will be discharged outside the proposed civil enclave premises. The overall impact on water quality during operation phase is rated as follows:

Environmental Impact Rating Water Quality Nature of Impact Adverse Duration of Impact Long term Impacted Area Localized Likelihood of Occurrence High Severity of Impact Medium

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 4 -23 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Anticipated Environmental Impacts & Mitigation Measures

Environmental Impact Rating Water Quality Significance of Impact Low

Mitigation Measures

 Collection of waste water and treatment of waste water in Sewage Treatment Plant (STP);  Efficient operation of STP will be ensured.  Avoid spillage of fuel and lube oil and storing them on concrete floor.  Solid waste collection and disposal as per Solid Waste Management Rule 2016.  Regular testing and analysis of treated waste water from STP to ensure effectiveness of STP and compliance of discharge standards.

4.4.4 Soil

Approx 600 kg per day solid waste will be generated during operation of the proposed civil enclave, which will be collected, segregated and managed by external agency for disposal as per Solid Waste Management Rules, 2016. Hence, the impact on the soil will be insignificant as an organized solid waste collection and disposal practices will be followed at the proposed civil enclave.

The overall impact on soil quality during operation phase of the proposed civil enclave is rated as follows: Environmental Impact Rating Water Quality Nature of Impact Adverse Duration of Impact Long term Impacted Area Localized Likelihood of Occurrence High Severity of Impact Low Significance of Impact Negligible

Mitigation Measures

 Municipal solid waste collection bins will be placed at strategic locations in the new terminal building;  Agency will be hired for disposal of solid wastes as per the provisions of the Solid Waste Management Rules, 2016;

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 4 -24 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Anticipated Environmental Impacts & Mitigation Measures

 Solid waste generated from the proposed civil enclave will be transported in close containers;  Used lubricating waste oil and oil contaminated clothes etc will be collected separately in containers and will be sold to authorized recyclers as per CPCB/Uttar Pradesh Pollution Control Board (UPPCB) guidelines.

4.4.5 Ambient Air Quality

During the operational phase of the proposed civil enclave, the intermittent air emissions will be generated from aircraft engines during approach, landing, taxiing, take-off and initial climb, which is termed as reference Landing and Take-off Cycle (LTO cycle). The air pollutants of concern from the aircraft emissions are un-burnt Sulphur Dioxide, Hydrocarbons (HC), Carbon Monoxide

(CO) and Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) as per ICAO guidelines.

For power back up at the proposed Civil Enclave at Agra, Natural gas operated 2 power generator sets of 500 kVA capacities each will be available, which will be sufficient during operation of proposed terminal building and other

associated facilities. Exhaust emissions comprising NO2 in small quantity will be generated from the operation of Natural gas operated 2 power generator sets, which will be operated only to meet the power requirement during grid power failure.

Vehicular emissions will also be generated at the proposed Civil Enclave at Agra from the operation of vehicular traffic as ground support vehicles, passengers pickup and dropping vehicles. These vehicles will be mainly CNG and petrol

driven and are source of mainly CO, HC and NO2 emissions.

For prediction of anticipated impact of emissions from the proposed Civil Enclave at Agra, estimation of emissions load from Aircraft LTO, natural gas operated power generators and vehicles is essential. The emissions load estimation from various emission sources has been carried out in following subsection:

Aircraft Emissions

Airport Air Quality Manual 2011 of International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) has been referred for the aircraft emissions, which states emissions for

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various types of aircraft based on one LTO cycle for SO2, NO2, CO and HC pollutants. The referred emission rates for one LTO have been converted to g/sec based on the duration of one LTO cycle in seconds. As per International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), time and thrust setting for Reference LTO Cycle is 32.9 minutes (1974 seconds). During peak hour, it is considered that there will be total 2 LTO (2 LTO for each Aircraft) the proposed Civil Enclave at Agra, which includes all types of aircraft. For aircraft emissions estimation purpose, LTO cycle emissions from A 320 types of aircraft have been considered.

The estimated aircraft emissions for the proposed Civil Enclave at Agra are given in Table 4.5.

Table 4.5: Estimated Aircraft Emissions for Civil Enclave at Agra Parameter Units Type of Aircraft and Emissions Type of - A 320 ATR 72 Aircraft Emissions per LTO Cycle

SO2 Kg/LTO cycle 0.77 0.2 HC Kg/LTO cycle 0.57 0.29 CO Kg/LTO cycle 6.19 2.33

NOX Kg/LTO cycle 9.01 1.82 Total Emissions

SO2 g/s 0.39 0.10 HC g/s 0.29 0.15 CO g/s 3.14 1.18

NOX g/s 4.56 0.92 Assuming that during peak hour, there will be 3 LTO. The total emissions based on 2 LTOs are calculated for above two types of aircraft. SO2 g/s 1.17 0.30 HC g/s 0.87 0.44 CO g/s 9.41 3.54 NOX g/s 13.69 2.77 Total Emissions During LTO SO2 g/s 1.47 HC g/s 1.31 CO g/s 12.95

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Parameter Units Type of Aircraft and Emissions Type of - A 320 ATR 72 Aircraft NOX g/s 16.46 (Source : Airport Air Quality Manual 2011, ICAO)

Emissions from the Operation of Natural Gas Operated Power Generators

Two natural gas operated 2 power generator sets of 500 kVA capacity each will be installed at the proposed Civil Enclave to meet the power requirement during grid power failure.

The exhaust emissions comprising mainly NO2 will be generated from the operation of natural gas operated power generators to be operated in the event of grid power supply failure. Exhaust emissions from Natural gas operated 2 power generator sets will be intermittent source of emissions as power generator sets will be operated only during grid power failure. Stack height of each natural gas operated 2 power generators will be as per the CPCB standard. Natural gas consumption for 500 kVA natural gas power generators will approx. 181 m3/hr at full load operation.

The estimated exhaust emissions characteristics from the natural gas operated 2 power generator sets are presented in Table 4.6.

Table 4.6: Emissions From Natural Gas Operated 2 Power Generators Sn. Parameters NG Power Generator Stack (500 kVA) 1. Stack Height Above Building (m) 10 2. Stack Dia (m) 0.25 3. Flue Gas:  Temperature (oC) 298  Velocity (m/s) 19.6  Volume Flow Rate (Nm3/h) 1800 4. Concentration of Pollutants  SPM (mg/ Nm3) 25 3  SO2 (mg/ Nm ) Nil  NOx (mg /Nm3) 76

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Emissions from Vehicular Movement

Vehicular emissions will also be generated from the operation of ground support vehicles within airport and vehicular traffic for pickup and dropping of passengers the proposed Civil Enclave at Agra. These vehicles are mainly CNG

and petrol driven and emit mainly CO, HC and NO2. The peak hourly vehicular movement 200 vehicles (including the ground service vehicles, two wheelers, buses and light duty vehicles mainly cars and light carriage vehicles). The emissions from the CNG and petrol driven vehicles have been calculated on the CPCB emissions standards for Bharat Stage –III/IV. The estimated vehicular emissions at the proposed Civil Enclave at Agra are given in Table 4.7.

Table 4.7 : Estimated Vehicular Emissions At Proposed Civil Enclave Emission Rate of Pollutants (g/s)

CO HC NO2 PM 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.02

Total emissions from aircraft, Natural Gas Operated 2 Power Generator sets and vehicles movement the proposed Civil Enclave at Agra are given in Table 4.8.

Table 4.8 : Total Emission Sources and Emission Rates Sources Emission Rate of Pollutants (g/s)

SO2 NO2 CO HC Aircraft 0.001 0.001 0.007 0.008 NG Power 0 0.04 0 0 Generators Vehicular 0 0.01 0.02 0.01 Total 0.001 0.051 0.027 0.018 Note : All above emissions sources will not be continuous sources.

4.4.5.1Air Pollution Modelling

There will be no continuous emissions source at the proposed Civil Enclave at Agra. Air Flights and vehicular movement remain intermittent at the airport. Natural gas operated power generator sets will be also operated intermittently in the event of grid power failure. For air pollution dispersion modelling Natural

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gas operated power generator sets have been considered continuous source of emissions. For obtaining short-term incremental ground level concentration (glc) isopleths, Breeze Air Suite dispersion model on Industrial Source Complex Model (ISC-ST3) developed by USEPA was used. The ISC-ST3 model for emission sources uses the steady state Gaussian plume equation for single/multiple continuous elevated sources. Calculations are made at user specified regular rectangular/radial grid points or at specified special receptors for any averaging time period as well as for entire period of input meteorology. The model uses Pasquill-Gafford (for rural and urban areas) or Briggs for urban area dispersion parameter correlations and Briggs plume rise correlation for calculating short-or long-time incremental glc values at each grid point and these are then used for plotting the isopleths over the entire grid. Rectangular grid with 500 m grid point distance is used up to a distance of +10,000 m in X and Y directions with stack coordinate as (O, O). For aircraft and vehicular emissions, multiple volume sources are considered while for natural gas operated power generator stack point model source is considered.

4.4.5.2 Source Characteristics

The estimated emission details for natural gas operated power generator sets are given in Table 4.6.

4.4.5.3 Atmospheric Stability

The persistence of atmospheric stability class has been estimated using hourly monitored wind velocity data along with compiled data for sunrise, sunset, solar insolation for day-time and cloud cover for night-time for the site.

4.4.5.4 Mixing Height

The knowledge of the site specific mixing height (convective stable boundary layer and inversion height or nocturnal boundary layer) is crucial in a realistic adoption of appropriate plume rise and vertical dispersion parameters. In the absence of site specific mixing heights, “Hourly Mixing Height and Assimilative Capacity of Atmospheric in India” published by Environmental Monitoring and Research Centre, India Meteorological Department, New Delhi, 2008, has been referred for hourly mixing heights.

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4.4.5.5Presentation of Results

For the short-term simulations for point emission sources, the concentrations were estimated on around 1600 receptors to obtain an optimum description of variations in concentrations over the site in 10 km radius covering 16 directions. The incremental concentrations are estimated for the study period representing

pre-monsoon season. The results ground level concentrations for SO2, NO2 and Particulate Matter (PM) are presented in Table 4.9.

Table 4.9: Predicted 24-Hourly Short Term Incremental Concentrations Pollutant Maximum Incremental Levels, Distance Direction (μg/m3) (km)

NO2 0.96 (1000, 0) 1.0 East PM 0.24 (1000, 0) 1.0 East

Predicted Concentrations

GLCs values presented in Table 4.9 reveals when two natural gas operated power generators will be operated continuously, maximum incremental short

term 24 hourly ground level concentrations of NO2 and PM likely to be encountered are 0.96 μg/m3 and 0.24 μg/m3, respectively during study period. The ground level concentrations are occurring at a distance of 1.0 km in East direction from the Agra Civil Enclave site. Isopleths for predicted ground level

concentrations for NO2 and PM are given in Figure 4.2 and 4.3, respectively.

The air pollution dispersion modelling predictions indicate that the maximum ground level concentration for NOx and PM are likely to be well within the prescribed limit of 80 μg/m3 and 100 μg/m3 for industrial, residential, rural and other area. However, it is important to mention that flights, vehicles and natural gas operated power generators will not be operated continuously. Natural gas operated power generators sets will be operated only during grid power failure. Therefore, anticipated impacts will be much below to the predicted ground level constructions.

Resultant Concentrations

The maximum incremental GLCs due to the proposed Civil Enclave at Agra for

SO2, NO2 and particulate matter (PM) when added to baseline air quality

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monitoring results carried during study period, resultant concentrations for monitored parameters remains below the stipulated National Ambient Air Quality Standard. Based on the predicted concentrations of various pollutants due to operation of the proposed Civil Enclave at Agra, it can be inferred that low impact is anticipated on the ambient air quality of the area, suitable mitigation measures will be taken. Hence, overall impact on ambient air quality during operation phase is summarized as follows: Environmental Impact Rating Air Quality Nature of Impact Adverse Duration of Impact Long term Impacted Area Localized Likelihood of Occurrence High Severity of Impact Low Significance of Impact Low

Mitigation Measures

 Compliance of all standards prescribed by the ICAO during operation of aircraft by preventive maintenance and monitoring;  Stack heights of Natural gas operated power generator set will be 10 m from ground level;  Proper traffic management plan will be prepared to ensue that there is no traffic congestion at in front of proposed terminal building. It will help in reduction of vehicular emissions from the airport.  Ground vehicles at the proposed civil enclave will be maintained and have a “Pollution Under Control” certificate;  Development of greenery and landscaping at the airport for improving ambient air quality.  Monitoring of ambient air quality/ source emissions will be carried out as per monitoring plan.  Conditions imposed by MOEF&CC, UPPCB and TTZ Authority will be complied strictly.

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 4 -31 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Anticipated Environmental Impacts & Mitigation Measures

Figure 4.2: Predicted Level Concentrations for NO2

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 4 -32 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Anticipated Environmental Impacts & Mitigation Measures

Figure 4.3: Predicted Level Concentrations for PM

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4.4.6 Noise Levels

During operation phase of the proposed civil enclave, landing, take-off and taxing of various types of aircraft and apron will be major sources of noise emissions. The effects of aircraft noise to receptors at the point of interest on the ground fundamentally depend on the following factors:

 Effective Perceived Noise Level (EPNL) at the point of interest on the ground during every aircraft movement;  Type of aircraft;  Flight paths of aircraft during take-off and landing; and  Number of LTO during the given period of time.

Local topography and weather also affect sound propagation generated during take-off and landing of aircraft.

Noise Levels for Various Aircraft

The Effective Perceived Noise Level from various aircraft are given below: Sn Type of Aircraft Arrival EPNdB Departure EPNdB 1. AB 320 98.8 94.1 2. ATR 72 103.2 99.5 3. Bombardier Q-400 102.6 98.6

To predict the impact on the existing noise levels in the study area due to the operation of existing airport after proposed new terminal building, taxi way, apron and associated work, Integrated Noise Model (INM) developed by Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), Office of Environment and Energy, USA has been used. This model has inbuilt information on the various types aircraft.

Aircraft noise modelling through integrated noise model (INM) uses (1) computation of the flight-segment geometric and physical parameters; (2) flight-segment noise-level interpolation process; (3) atmospheric absorption adjustment; (4) acoustic impedance adjustment; (5) flight-segment noise- fraction adjustment for exposure-based metrics; (6) aircraft speed adjustment for exposure-based metrics; (7) updated lateral attenuation adjustment; (8) ground-based directivity adjustment for observers behind start-of-takeoff-roll, as well as for computing metrics associated with run-up operations; (9) new

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helicopter noise modelling capabilities and associated adjustments (including advancing tip mach number, lateral directivity, static directivity and static duration adjustments); (10) metric computation process; and (11) development of a recursively-subdivided irregular grid methodology, which is used for computing noise contours.

Aircraft Noise Modelling Results

The predicted noise levels and influenced area due to aircraft movement at the proposed Civil Enclave are given in Table 4.10.

Table 4.10: Noise Levels And Area of Influence Sr. Noise Area of Remark No. Levels Influence (km2) 1. 80.0 0.03 Predicted noise levels confined within the boundary of Civil Enclave 2. 75.0 0.14 Predicted noise levels confined within boundary of Civil Enclave 3. 65.0 0.96 The predicted noise levels fall within boundary of Civil Enclave 4. 55.0 2.43 About 1.7 km2 of area with this noise level is out side the boundary of Civil Enclave 5. 50.0 3.12 About 2.6 km2 of area with this noise level is out side the boundary of Civil Enclave

The noise levels from 65-85 dB(A) will be confined within the boundary of the proposed Civil Enclave. The noise levels of 55 dB(A) cross the boundary and affect 1.7 km2 of area out side boundary of Civil Enclave. The noise levels of 50 dB(A) cross the boundary and affect 2.6 km2 of area out side the boundary of Civil Enclave. The background noise levels range from 52.1-54.6 dB(A) at nearby villages/settlements which are located 0.37 km to 4.21 km from boundary of the proposed Civil Enclave. The impact of noise levels due to the operation of the proposed Civil Enclave within permissible levels. Further, noise mitigation measures to be implemented at and around the proposed Civil Enclave will further reduce the noise levels in nearby settlements.

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Natural Gas Operated Power Generator Sets

For power back up 2 Natural Gas Operated Power Generator of 500 kVA capacities each will be available at proposed civil enclave to meet the power requirement in the event of grid power failure. Natural Gas operated power Generator Sets will be provided with acoustic enclosures as per CPCB guidelines. Therefore, noise level are essentially within 75 dB(A), as per prescribed noise standards.

It is evident from the above discussions that generation of noise level from aircraft landing and take-off operation will be for a short duration (few seconds) with in the premises of Airforce Base. Hence, the overall impact on noise levels is rated as follows:

Impact Rating Noise Level Nature of Impact Adverse Duration of Impact Long term Impacted Area Localized Likelihood of Occurrence High Severity of Impact Low Significance of Impact Low

Mitigation Measures

 The compliance of all standards prescribed by the ICAO during operation of aircraft by preventive maintenance and monitoring,  Proper traffic management has been prepared to ensue that there is no traffic congestion at the airport. It helps in reduction of vehicular noise emissions from the airport,  Natural Gas Operated Power Generator sets will be provided with acoustic enclosure as per CPCB guidelines,  Terminal building will be sound proof,  Ground staff will wear earplug while attending the aircraft,  Green belt, landscaping and boundary at the airport act as barrier for noise;  Green belt/plantation in the nearby settlements  Monitoring of ambient air quality/source emission will be carried out as per monitoring plan and Airport Noise Standards stipulated by Ministry of

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Environment, Forest and Climate Change, Government of India’s Notification No G.S.R. 588 (E) Dated 18.06.2018 will be complied.

4.4.7 Traffic Management and Parking Facilities

At the proposed civil enclave traffic management will be provided in such a way no traffic congestion during passenger drop and pick up. At the civil enclave multi level car parking facilities will be provided for 350 cars on the 18600 sqm parking area. The proposed car parking will be located on 5625 sqm area. Multilevel car parking will be construction in ground plus three levels (G+3). Surface parking will be provided for 20 VIP cars and 05 buses.

At the arrival and departure, there will be proper traffic management. After construction of proposed civil enclave, there is no possibility of traffic congestion, as proper traffic management has been designed. Hence, overall impact on traffic management during operation phase after construction of proposed civil enclave is rated as follows:

Environmental Impact Rating Traffic Management Nature of Impact Adverse Duration of Impact Long term Impacted Area Localized Likelihood of Occurrence Moderate Severity of Impact Slight Significance of Impact Negligible

Mitigation Measures

 All vehicles will be parked in designated parking area only;  Road crossings will be well marked and signalled.  Informatory and warning signages will be retro reflective type provided, clearly visible in the night.  Marshals will be deployed to guide the vehicles and stop vehicles to avoid traffic jam at arrival and departure of the proposed civil enclave.

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4.4.8 Terrestrial Ecology

For proposed civil enclave, approx. 12 trees are likely to be felled after obtaining permission from the local authority. AAI has planned to plant 3500 plant saplings at the proposed civil enclave. It is proposed that landscaping and green belt will be developed on 44117 sqm around open space of the proposed civil enclave.

There, reversible moderate impact is anticipated for terrestrial ecology due to the proposed civil enclave.

Greenery and landscaping will be developed at the proposed civil enclave. For irrigation of green belt, treated waste water from STP and accumulated rainwater will be available and used. Further, additional land has been allocated for green belt and landscaping. This has positive and long term beneficial impact on terrestrial ecology of the area. Hence, overall impact on terrestrial ecology during operation phase is rated as follows:

Environmental Impact Rating Terrestrial Ecology Nature of Impact Beneficial Duration of Impact Long term Impacted Area Localized Likelihood of Occurrence High Severity of Impact Low Significance of Impact Minor

Mitigation Measures

 Landscaping/ plantation/greenery will be increased after new terminal building.  It is proposed to plant 3500 saplings at the proposed civil enclave.  Indigenous species of trees will be planted after new terminal building

4.4.9 Heritage Structures

There is no heritage, historical or archaeological structure in the area around the proposed civil enclave. Therefore, no impact is anticipated due to

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construction of proposed civil enclave at Agra. Hence, no mitigation measure is required.

4.4.10 Occupational Hazards and Safety

The most significant occupational hazards from the airport operation at the proposed civil enclave may include; collisions with moving ground service vehicles, or taxing aircraft, high noise levels near aircraft, jet engine hazards, sucking of person in to aircraft jet engine, fire in terminal building, etc. The overall impact on occupational hazards and safety during operation phase is rated as follows:

Environmental Impact Rating Occupational Hazard & Safety Nature of Impact Adverse Duration of Impact Long term Impacted Area Localized Likelihood of Occurrence Low Severity of Impact Slight Significance of Impact Negligible

Mitigation Measures

 Operators and workers will be certified with access to airfield operations. Workers involved in the operation of aircraft support equipment will be familiar with safety procedures applicable to apron and taxiway traffic, including communications with the air control tower;  Operators will be provide safety signs and pavement markings for ground support vehicle circulation and parking areas in ramps, taxiways and any other areas with a risk of collision between ground vehicles and aircraft. Delineated safety areas include high risk locations, such as jet engine suction areas to protect aircraft service workers;  All workers involved in luggage and cargo handling, whether as a regular or incidental aspect of their work function, will trained in the use of proper lifting, bending and turning techniques to avoid back injury or extremities. Particular attention will be placed on the handling of luggage and cargo in aircraft holds which often do not have adequate standing height (requiring special lifting or pushing techniques) and which may present tripping and slipping hazards.

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 4 -39 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Anticipated Environmental Impacts & Mitigation Measures

 Workers will be provided with appropriate Personal Protective Equipments (PPEs), such as knee pads, when accessing cargo holds;  Safety features of ground support vehicles will be maintained, including back-up alarms, moving part guards and emergency stop switches  The frequency and duration of worker assignments to heavy lifting activities will be mitigated through rotations and rest periods;  Operators will have facility for mechanizing luggage handling activities, such as the use of conveyors that extend into the cargo holds; and  Operators will be trained on the prevention of heat stress, including the identification of early symptoms and management techniques (e.g. hydration, rest). Workers will be provided with the necessary clothing and fluids to prevent weather related stress.  Fire fighting facilities will be provided in new terminal building.

General Safety Measures

 Shield guards or guard railings will be installed at all belts, pulleys, gears and other moving parts;  Conveyors and similar machinery will be provided with a means for stopping them at any point;  Elevated platforms & walkways, and stairways & ramps will be equipped with handrails, toe-boards and non-slip surfaces;  Electrical equipment will be grounded, well insulated and conform to applicable codes;  Employees will be provided with hard hats, safety boots, eye and ear protection and snug fitting gloves, as appropriate;  Procedures will be strictly enforced for the storage, handling and transport of explosives, flammable and hazardous materials.

General Health Measures

 Necessary control measures like ear muff and ear plug, high visible vest with refractive tape will be provided to ground staffs at the proposed Civil Enclave.  Personnel required to work in areas of high temperature and/or high humidity will be allowed to take frequent breaks away from these areas; and  Pre-employment and periodic audiometric medical examinations will be conducted for personnel potentially exposed to high noise areas.

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 4 -40 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Anticipated Environmental Impacts & Mitigation Measures

4.4.11 Impacts to Socio-Economic Environment

During operation phase of the proposed civil enclave at Agra will open additional direct and indirect job opportunities in the area and region. Further, it will attract more and more tourist, religious, commercial and developmental activities in the area. Therefore, positive impacts are anticipated on socio- economic environment during operation phase of the proposed civil enclave.

Employment and Economic Growth

The proposed civil enclave will result in a boost in religious tourism and commercial activities in the region. This will improve direct and indirect employment opportunities, revenue generation, commercial and industrial activities; therefore, resulting in positive impact on the employment and economic growth of the region. Hence, overall impact during operation phase is rated as:

Environmental Impact Rating Employment & Economic Growth Nature of Impact Beneficial Duration of Impact Long term Impacted Area Regional Likelihood of Occurrence High Severity of Impact Medium Significance of Impact Moderate

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 4 -41 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Analysis of Alternative

CHAPTER-5

ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES

5.1 Introduction

The consideration of alternatives of the proposed civil enclave at Agra is one of the more proactive sides of environmental assessment - enhancing the project design through examining options instead of only focusing on the more defensive task of reducing adverse impacts of a single design. This calls for the systematic comparison of feasible alternatives for the proposed civil enclave at Agra, technology and operational alternatives. Feasible alternatives are compared in terms of their potential environmental impacts, capital and recurrent costs, suitability under local conditions and institutional, training and monitoring requirements.

Examining feasible alternative means of carrying out a task involves answering the following three questions:

(i) What are the alternatives? (ii) What are the environmental impacts associated with each alternative? and (iii) What is the rationale for selecting the preferred alternative?

5.2 Alternative of Project Site

Currently Agra Airport is located within Agra Air Force Base. Existing terminal building is not sufficient departure and arrival passengers both. Agra is tourist place because of many Mughal-era buildings, most notably the Taj Mahal, Agra Fort, Fatehpur Sikri, all three of which are UNESCO World Heritage Sites are in the Agra City. Numbers of air passengers is increasing rapidly. Therefore, there is urgent need for proposed civil enclave, out the Airforce Base for easy operation of flights for increasing numbers of air passengers to promote tourism, trade and commerce in the area. Therefore, the site covering 49.8 Acres area for the proposed civil enclave at Agra was selected adjacent to Airforce Base. The 49.8

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 5-1 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Analysis of Alternative

Acres encumbrance free land has been handed over by the State Govt to AAI for the construction of the proposed civil enclave.

5.3 Alternative for Proposed Terminal Building

At the proposed civil enclave at Agra, construction of centrally air-conditional proposed terminal building of modular design with all modern facilities and amenities is proposed as per the layout plan. The terminal building covering an area of 16700 sqm will be designed for 700 passengers (500 arrival and 200 departure) at a time with recommended area specifications and to match the level of Service as per International Airport Transport Association’s (IATA) recommendations. The building will be provided with aesthetically appealing & soothing interior decoration matching the modern structure.

5.4 Natural Gas Operated Power Generators in place of DG Sets

The proposed civil enclave is located within the Taj Trapezium Zone (TTZ). Therefore, Airports Authority of India has planed for natural gas operated two power generators of 500 kVA capacity each. Therefore, emission of Sulphur Dioxide will be negligible from the Natural Gas Operated Power Generators sets.

5.5 Alternative for Energy Conservation Measures

During design and construction of proposed terminal building at the proposed civil enclave at Agra, necessary measures will be taken for conservation of energy in line with “Energy Conservation Building Code–2017” and “National Building Code 2016”. The important energy conservation measures proposed for proposed terminal building are described below:

 Proposed Terminal building will be designed and constructed for GRIHA Rating 4 star,  Use of Energy Efficient building material & glass,  Use of LED lamps instead of GLS lamps,  Use of Solar Backed up Light Emitting Diode Lamps instead of par lamps,  Energy efficient HVAC system,

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 5-2 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Analysis of Alternative

 Solar passive techniques for terminal building,  Use of 5 star BEE energy efficiency rating electrical equipments,  Microprocessor-based Building Management System (BMS) will be installed for minimization of energy consumption,  Automatic lighting on/ off control system will be provided in the civil enclave area for optimum utilization of energy.

It is proposed that 150 KW solar power generation plant will be established at proposed civil enclave to produce clean energy.

By adopting above measures about 30% energy will be saved the proposed civil enclave.

5.6 Alternative for Green Building

It is proposed that all works necessarily will achieve 4 stars GRIHA Rating. GRIHA is an acronym for Green Rating for Integrated Habitat Assessment. GRIHA is a rating tool that helps to assess the performance of their building against certain nationally acceptable benchmarks. It evaluates the environmental performance of a building holistically over its entire life cycle, thereby providing a definitive standard for what constitutes a ‘green building’. The rating system, based on accepted energy and environmental principles, will seek to strike a balance between the established practices and emerging concepts, both national and international.

5.7 Sanitary Fixtures And Toilet Accessories

All water closets will be wall hung with concealed dual flushing cistern and in lodders and staff toilets WC will be provided with dual flushing cistern. Under counter/ circular above counter wash basins with battery operated auto sensor pillar taps will be provided.

 Flat back wash basins with CP brass self closing pillar tap will be provided in lodders and staff toilets.  Semi stall urinal with battery operating auto sensor flush valves.

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 5-3 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Analysis of Alternative

 Frosted Glass urinal portion with metal clips.  CP adjustable shower with Diverter and spout in rest room's and VIP toilet.  Vitreous china recess toilet paper holder.  Automatic soap dispenser on wash basins (Stainless steel).  Automatic air purifier (Stainless steel).  Toilet tissue paper holder (Stainless steel).  Automatic electrically operated hand drier (Stainless steel).

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 5-4 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Environmental Monitoring Plan

CHAPTER 6

ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN

6.1 Statutory Compliance /Returns

The Airports Authority of India will submit required statutory returns/compliance reports for the proposed Civil Enclave at Agra as per the following schedule:

 Submission of half yearly compliance report in respect of the stipulated prior environmental clearance’s terms and conditions in hard and soft copies to the Regional Office of Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEF&CC) on 1st June and 1st December of each calendar year  Submission of environmental statement for the financial year ending 31st March to the concerned regulatory authority on or before 30th September every year.  Submission of Water Cess returns in Form 1 as per Rule 4 (1) of The Water (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Cess Rules 1978 on or before the 5th of every calendar month.

6.2 Environmental Monitoring

It is essential that an effective Environmental Monitoring Plan be designed and followed to ensure the effective implementation of the mitigation measures and environmental management plan during construction and operation phases of the proposed Civil Enclave at Agra. Suitable mitigation measures will be taken in case monitored parameters are exceeding the stipulated limits. As part of post project monitoring, Airports Authority of India will collect and monitor following data regularly:

 Compilation of emission inventory to quantify airport sources and the contribution to baseline emissions  Compilation of the emission inventory for aircraft sources will be undertaken.  Continuous noise level monitoring by online integrated noise meters within civil enclave premises. This noise meter will be connected to central monitoring station where all the data is stored and processed.

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 6-1 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Environmental Monitoring Plan

6.2.1 Ambient Air Quality (AAQ) Monitoring

Ambient air quality parameters recommended for construction and operation

of the proposed Civil Enclave at Agra are PM2.5, PM10, NO2, SO2 and CO. These are to be monitored at designated locations starting from the commencement of construction activities. Ambient air quality monitoring data will be generated twice in a week once in a season during construction phase and operation phase at all identified locations in accordance to the National Ambient Air Quantity Standards.

6.2.2 Water Quality Monitoring

The parameters relevant for analysis of quality of treated waste water from STP are pH, total dissolved solids, total suspended solids, BOD, COD, oil & grease, etc. The sampling and analysis of ground water quality will be carried out in accordance with the Indian Standard Drinking Water Specification - IS 10500:2012.

6.2.3 Noise Levels Monitoring

The measurements of noise levels would be carried out at the boundaries of the proposed Civil Enclave at Agra in accordance to the Ambient Noise Standards formulated by Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEF&CC). Noise level would be monitored on twenty-four hourly basis. Noise will be recorded at “A” weighted frequency using a slow time response mode of the measuring instrument.

Monitoring Protocol And Measurement Procedures For Airport Noise Zone

Monitoring Protocol And Measurement Procedures to comply Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, Government of India’s Notification No G.S.R. 588 (E) Dated 18.06.2018 for Airport Noise Standards are given below:

1. Objective

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 6-2 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Environmental Monitoring Plan

The objective of this document is to specify suitable requirements and procedure for carrying out monitoring of ambient noise level around due to aircraft. A proper database is essential for planning and executing suitable noise control programme for airports in the country.

This protocol is applicable to all civil airports which operate for passenger and cargo operation.

The central pollution control board has developed guidelines on requirement and procedure for monitoring ambient noise level due to aircraft in June 2008. As per noise mapping studies, the guidelines on requirement and procedure for monitoring ambient noise level due to aircraft needs to be modified considering international practices and upcoming airport noise standards. The guidelines on requirement and procedure for monitoring aircraft noise (protocol) for existing and upcoming airport noise zone is given in the noise index.

2. Noise Index

 It is proposed that day and night average sound levels(leq) shall be used to be know the sound exposure on residents/zones due to aircrafts and for land use planning and control around airports by development authorities.  The measurement of aircraft noise will be according to airport noise standard, the unit will be in dB(A) in Leq for day and night periods. The measurements of units are as per the timing given below  Day time shall mean from 6.00 a.m. to 10.00 p.m.  Night time shall mean from 10.00 p.m. to 6.00 a.m.  dB(A) Leq denotes the time weighted average of the level of sound in decibels on scale A which is relatable to human hearing.  “Decibel” is a unit in which noise is measured.  “A”, in dB(A) Leq, denotes the frequency weighting in the measurement of noise and corresponds to frequency response characteristics of human ear.  Leq: It is energy mean of the noise level, over a specified period.  All civil airports have to follow the civil aviation requirements specified for the airports for noise mapping, monitoring and action plans and amendments thereof.

3. Event Detection

 different event detection techniques can be used depending on the situations, as given below:  Event may be considered to start and end 10 dB below the A- weighted maximum sound pressure level of an aircraft operation.

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 6-3 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Environmental Monitoring Plan

 Event may be considered above a threshold value, which may be kept 5dB above the background sound level.  Events of less than 10 seconds duration shall not be recorded as these may be from sources other than aircraft movements. experience shall also be used to differentiate and exclude noise from sources other aircraft operations. 4. Site Selection

 The site shall be so selected to minimize disturbances from other sources for proper event detection.  The minimum A-weighted maximum sound pressure level from aircraft movements shall be at least 15 dB above the background noise level.

5. Type Of Monitoring Stations

 Monitoring stations should be permanent for all runaway approaches. For mobile monitoring it can be either mobile vans mounted or portable noise monitoring terminal can be used as temporary stations.

6. Number and Locations of Monitoring Stations

 At least two permanent stations shall be installed per runaway.  The permanent monitoring stations shall be located on both sides of the runaway, at the neatest residential area/silence zone and as far as possible under the flight paths of the aircrafts.  In addition, temporary stations shall be used for specific noise monitoring activity under the flight paths, where noise levels are expected to be higher.

7. Instrumentation

 The instrument system, shall meet the requirement for a class 1 instrument specified in IEC 61672-1(2002) Class 1.  Noise monitoring station shall consist of a weatherproof microphone, a data storage and analysis device and information transmission system such as a land line phone / GSM (global system for mobile communications).

8. Installation Of Sound Level Meter

 Sound level meter shall be installed in flat terrain having no excessive sound absorption characteristics such as thick, matted or tall grasses, shrubs, or wooded areas.

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 6-4 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Environmental Monitoring Plan

 No obstructions significantly influencing the sound field from the aircraft shall exist within a conical space above the point on the ground vertically below the microphone.  The cone is defined by an axis normal to the ground and by half angle of 80 degrees from this axis. The microphone height shall be at least 4 m, preferably 10 m, above the ground level.

9. Meteorological Measurement

 Meteorological parameters such as wind speed, wind direction, relative humidity, air temperature and occurrence of rain shall be recorded.

10. Noise Monitoring

 Noise monitoring shall be carried out continuously for 24 hours a day, 365 days a yr in permanent stations.  In temporary stations, noise shall be monitored continuously for minimum 7, as per requirements.

11. Parameters To Be Monitored

 One second sound level(Leq i) shall be recorded for 16 hrs day time (6.00 AM to 10.00 PM) and for 8 hrs night time (10.00PM to 6.00 AM) shall be monitored.

12. Data Reporting

 The noise monitoring data shall be regularly compiled, documented and published by the Authorities designated by the Ministry of Civil Aviation.

6.2.4 Soil

During construction and operation phases of the proposed Civil Enclave at Agra, soil may be contaminated if suitable mitigation measures are not taken. Therefore, composite sample of soil will be collected and analyzed during construction and operation phases.

Environmental monitoring plan for various environmental parameters is given in Table 6.1:

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 6-5 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Environmental Monitoring Plan

Table 6.1: Environmental Monitoring Plan for the proposed Civil Enclave at Agra Environmental Project stage Parameter Standards Locations Duration/ Component Frequency Air Construction PM2.5, PM10, SO2, National Ambient At proposed Civil Continuous 24- Phase NO2, CO Quality Standards Enclave and hourly, once in Dhanauli season Operation Phase PM2.5, PM10, SO2, National Ambient At proposed Civil Continuous 24- NO2, CO Quality Standards Enclave and hourly, once in Dhanauli season Water Quality Construction Parameters as per As per potable One sample at the Once in six months Stage IS 10500:2012 water quality Proposed Civil during the standards (IS Enclave and construction phase 10500) Dhanauli Operation Phase Parameters as per As per potable Proposed Civil Once in six months IS 10500:2012 water quality Enclave and during the standards (IS Dhanauli operation phase 10500) Treated Waste Operation Phase pH, TDS, TSS, As per prescribed One sample of Once in month Water from STP BOD, COD, Oil & standards treated waste Grease water at outlet of STP Noise Construction Day and Night As per National 4 locations on the Once in season Phase Time Noise Level Noise standards boundary of during the in dB (A) proposed Civil construction phase Enclave and Dhanauli

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 6-6 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Environmental Monitoring Plan

Environmental Project stage Parameter Standards Locations Duration/ Component Frequency Operation Phase Day and Night As per National Terminal building Once in season Time Noise Level Noise standards arrival and during the in dB (A) departure, operation phase Boundary of the proposed Civil Enclave Soil Construction Composite sample As per EMP At proposed Civil Pre and Post from the site for Enclave Monsoon for 3 Physio-chemical years parameters Operation Composite sample As per EMP At proposed Civil Pre and Post from the site for Enclave Monsoon for 5 Physio-chemical years parameters

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 6-7 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Environmental Monitoring Plan

6.3 Environmental Reporting System

Monitoring and evaluation are critical activities in implementation of environmental management measures. The reporting system will operate linearly with the contractor who is at the lowest rung of the implementation system reporting to the Airports Authority of India. All reporting by the contractor will be on a monthly basis.

The compliance monitoring and the progress reports on environmental components may be clubbed together and submitted to the Airports Authority of India monthly during the implementation period. The operation stage monitoring reports may be half yearly and annually provided the project Environmental Completion Report shows that the implementation was satisfactory.

Responsibilities for overseeing will rest with the Airports Authority of India. Capacity to quantitatively monitor relevant environmental/ecological parameters would be an advantage but monitoring will primarily involve ensuring that actions taken are in accordance with contract and specification clauses, and specified mitigation measures as per the Environmental Management Plan (EMP).

During the implementation period, a compliance report may include description of the items of EMP. It would also report to the management about actions taken to enforce compliance. It may however, be noted that certain items of the EMP might not be possibly complied with for a variety of reasons. The intention of the compliance report is not to suppress these issues but to bring out the circumstances and reasons for which compliance was not possible. This would help in reinforcing the implementation of the EMP.

The photographic records will also be established to provide useful environmental monitoring tools. A full record will be kept as part of normal contract monitoring. Reporting and Monitoring Systems for various stages of construction and related activities have been proposed to ensure timely and effective implementation of the EMP.

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 6-8 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Environmental Monitoring Plan

The reporting system has been prepared for the following phases of the proposed Civil Enclave, viz:

 Pre-construction stage  Construction Stage, and  Operation Stage

6.4 Environmental Monitoring Cost

The budget for environmental monitoring for construction and operation phases of the proposed Civil Enclave has been estimated and presented in Table 6.3. The construction phase monitoring period for the civil enclave has been considered for 1 years while for operation phase monitoring period has been taken for 5 years.

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 6-9

6-10 6-10 Total 40000 40000 24000 30000 60000 120000 120000 240000 120000 Cost (Rs) (Rs) Cost

4 24 24 10 60 20 10

mental Monitoring Plan As and when necessary Quantity

sample sample sample Rs 3000/- Rs 3000/- Unit Cost Rs 5,000/- Rs 6,000/- Rs 6,000/- per sample per sample per sample per sample 4,000/- per 4,000/- per 3,000/- per 6 Month Unit Continuous 24- hourly, twice a week once in every season during Construction Phase 1 no of samples for 5 every year years Continuous 24- hourly, twice a week once in season for 5 years Pre and Post Monsoon Pre and Post Monsoon Every Samples of No. tal Monitoring for New Civil Enclave at Agra

Enclave Pradesh at Agra Airport, Uttar Item Ambient Air Quality monitoring at construction site in tandem with construction activities at 4 of the proposed sides boundary at Agra Civil Enclave Six monthly monitoringof DG set emissions Ambient air quality monitoring phase during operation 2 at locations at the Ground water site for construction period Ground Water at Site for 5 years phase of operation Treated waste water from outlet Treatment PlantSewage (STP) for 5 years of operation phase At equipment yard

Environ Table 6.2 - Cost of Environmen Stage Construction Operation Construction Operation Construction

Air Water Noise Component

EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited

6-11 6-11 Total 20000 20000 50000 240000 240000 120000 1064000 1064000 Cost (Rs) (Rs) Cost 4 80 80 40 10

mental Monitoring Plan

Quantity

sample 3,000/- 3,000/- Unit Cost Rs 5,000/- Rs 5,000/- per sample per sample 3,000/- per

6 months years in Monsoon Monsoon 5 years 5 years Pre and Post Pre and Post Monsoon for 5 Monsoon Unit hourly One day measurement, once hourly One day measurement, once in 6 months for 5 years for parameters

chemical parameters -

Enclave Pradesh at Agra Airport, Uttar Item Ambient noise levels monitoring at construction site in tandem with construction activities at 4 of the proposed sides boundary at Agra Civil Enclave Terminal building arrival and take off anddeparture, landing side of boundary sample from the site Composite for Physio-chemical sample from the site Composite for Physio Total

Environ Stage Operation Construction Operation Soil Component

EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Risk Assessment & Disaster Management Plan

CHAPTER – 7

RISK ASSESSMENT & DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN

7.1 Introduction

Hazard Analysis involves the identification and quantification of various probable hazards (unsafe conditions) that may occur at the proposed civil enclave at Agra. On the other hand, risk analysis deals with the identification and quantification of risks, the equipment/facilities and personnel exposed, due to accidents resulting from the hazards present at the proposed civil enclave at Agra.

Hazard occurrence the proposed civil enclave at Agra may result in on-site implications, like:

 Storage of Natural gas in Cascade Cylinders for power generators operation;  Leakage of flammable materials, like, Natural gas followed by jet fire/flash fire;  Bomb threat at terminal building, and aircraft; and  Natural calamities like, earthquake, high winds, etc.

Other incidents, which can also result in a disaster at the proposed civil enclave at Agra, are:

 Agitation/forced entry by external group of people; and  Sabotage;  Air raids; and  Crashing of aircrafts i.e. while landing or take-off.

Risk analysis follows an extensive hazard identification and analysis. It involves the identification and assessment of risks to the people exposed to hazards present. This requires a thorough knowledge of failure probability, credible accident scenario, vulnerability of populations, etc. For emergency response planning, risk analysis is carried out for worst case scenarios.

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 7-1 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Risk Assessment & Disaster Management Plan

7.2 Approach for the Risk Analysis

Risk involves the occurrence or potential occurrence of various type accidents consisting of an event or sequence of events. The risk analysis assessment study covers the following:

 Identification of potential hazard areas;  Identification of representative failure cases;  Visualization of the resulting scenarios in terms of fire and explosion;  Assess the overall damage potential of the identified hazardous events and the impact zones from the accidental scenarios;  Assess the overall suitability of the site from hazard minimization and disaster mitigation points of view;  Furnish specific recommendations on the minimization of the worst accident possibilities; and  Preparation of disaster management plan (DMP), on-site and off-site emergency response plan.

7.3 Hazard Identification

7.3.1 Introduction

Preliminary hazards analysis is based on the philosophy "Prevention is better than cure". Identification of hazards at the proposed civil enclave at Agra is of primary significance in the risk analysis, quantification and cost effective control of accidents. A classical definition of – hazard states that hazard is in fact the characteristic of system that presents potential for an accident. Hence, all the components of a system need to be thoroughly examined to assess their potential for initiating or propagating an unplanned event/sequence of events, which can be termed as an accident. Hazard identification has been carried out in the purview of following:

 Identification of hazards based on Manufacture, Storage and Import of Hazardous Chemicals Rules, 1989 (as amended in 2000); and  Identification of hazards due to handling and storage of Natural Gas based on qualitative/quantitative techniques.

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 7-2 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Risk Assessment & Disaster Management Plan

7.3.2 Identification of Hazards Due to Storage of Natural Gas In Cascade

At the proposed civil enclave at Agra, natural gas will be stored and handled for Power Generation sets operation. It is essential to have comprehensive information on Natural Gas, which will be handled in Cascade at the proposed civil enclave at Agra. An understanding of their physico-chemical properties of Natural Gas will help for hazard identification.

Characteristics of Natural Gas

Natural gas is a hydrocarbon consisting mainly of methane, although it usually

also contains a variable percentage of nitrogen, ethane, CO2, H2O, butane, propane, mercaptans and traces of heavier hydrocarbons. Methane is one carbon

atom joined to four hydrogen atoms (CH4) and can constitute up to 97% of natural gas.

Molecular formula CH4 Molecular weight of mixture 18.2 Boiling point at 1 atmosphere -160 °C Melting point -180 °C Auto Ignition Temperature 482 oC Lower Explosive Limit 3.8 % Upper Explosive Limit 17 % Vapour density (Air =1) at 15.5 0.61 Liquid density (Water=1) at 0°/4 °C 0.554 Expansion ratio 1 Litre of liquid becomes 600 Litres of gas Water solubility at 20 °C Slightly soluble (0.1 to 1.0%) Appearance and Colour Colourless, tasteless and with a slight smell of rotten eggs

Natural gas is highly flammable gas. Pressurized natural gas containers may rupture or explode if exposed to sufficient heat. Vapor/air mixtures are explosive above flash point. Electrostatic discharges may be generated by flow or agitation resulting in ignition or explosion

Natural gas (methane) is neither toxic nor poisonous. Tests show that concentrations of 25 percent gas mixed with air produce no ill effects. However,

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 7-3 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Risk Assessment & Disaster Management Plan

if this gas displaces the air in an enclosed space, suffocation can occur because of the lack of oxygen. When natural gas (methane) is released in a confined space, the highest concentration will be at the highest level, and air will be displaced from the top downward.

Natural gas (methane) is lighter than air. Natural gas (methane) will rise and diffuse rapidly when it escapes to an open area. The specific gravity of natural gas (methane) is in the range of 0.56, and the specific gravity of air is 1.

7.3.3 Identification of Hazards Based on MSIHC Rule, 2000

Manufacturing, Storage, Import of Hazardous Chemicals Rules, 1989 (amended in 2000) has been enforced by Govt. of India under Environment (Protection) Act, 1986. For the purpose of identifying hazard installations the rules employ certain criteria based on toxic, flammable and explosive properties of chemicals. MSIHC Rule is applicable for storage of Natural Gas at the proposed civil enclave at Agra.

ATF storage and filling at proposed Civil Enclave will be managed by Public Sector Oil Companies as per OISD and PNGRB guidelines

7.3.3.1 Hazardous Conditions

An accidental release of Natural Gas from Cascade Cylinders may result in jet fire on immediate ignition. In the event of delayed ignition cloud of Natural Gas will be move towards wind direction and flash fire will be occurred in the event of getting source of ignition.

Jet Fire

Jet fires result from the ignition of natural gas in the open of high velocity gas, which are characterized by high momentum and good combustion conditions. Jet fire will occur in the event of leak or rupture of natural gas piping. The extent of injury to people depends on the heat flux and duration of exposure to heat from jet fire.

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 7-4 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Risk Assessment & Disaster Management Plan

Thermal Effects

In case of fire, thermal effect is likely to cause injury or damage to people and objects. A substantial body of experimental data exists and forms the basis for thermal effect estimation. The consequence caused by exposure to heat radiation is a function of:

 Radiation energy onto the human body [kW/m2];  Exposure duration [sec];  Protection of the skin tissue (clothed or naked body).

The following damage distances for thermal radiation have been used:

37.5 kW/m2 : Damage to process equipment. 100% fatality in 1min. 1% fatality in 10sec. 12.5 kW/m2 : First degree burn for 10 sec exposure 4.0 kW/m2 : First degree burn for 30 sec exposure

Flash Fire/Explosion

If a released flammable material is not ignited directly, the cloud of natural will spread in the surrounding area. The drifting cloud will mix with air. As long as the gas concentration is between the lower and upper explosion limits, the gas cloud may be set on fire by an ignition source. In case of delayed ignition of a cloud, two physical effects may occur: a flash fire over the whole length of the flammable gas cloud. For generation of overpressure effects, some degree of confinement of the flammable cloud is required. The extent of injury to people & damage to property or environment depends on the cloud size, explosive mass in the cloud and the degree of confinement at the time of ignition. The extent of injury to people depends on the heat flux and duration of exposure. The extent of damage to personnel and property depends on the size of the pool and the duration of fire.

Delayed Ignition & Explosion

In case of delayed ignition of a natural vapour cloud, two physical effects may occur:

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 7-5 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Risk Assessment & Disaster Management Plan

 A flash fire (non confined explosion) over the whole length of the explosive vapour cloud;  A vapour cloud explosion (confined explosion) that results in blast wave, with typical peak overpressures circular around the ignition source. For generation of overpressure effects, some degree of confinement of the flammable cloud is required.

The following Table 7.1 gives damage criteria with respect to the peak overpressures resulting from a blast wave:

Table 7.1 Damage Effects due to Overpressures Peak Overpressure Damage Type 0.830 bar Total Destruction 0.350 bar Heavy Damage 0.170 bar Moderate Damage 0.100 bar Minor Damage

The Table 7.2 below gives an illustrative listing of damage effects caused by peak overpressure.

Table 7.2: Illustrative Damage Effects due to Overpressures Peak Overpressure Failure (Bar) 0.005 5 % Window Shattering 0.02 50 % Window Shattering 0.07 Collapse of a roof of a tank 0.07-0.14 Connection failure of panelling 0.08-0.1 Minor Damage to Steel Framework 0.15-0.2 Concrete block wall shattered 0.2 Collapse of Steel Framework 0.2-0.3 Collapse of self framing Steel panel building 0.2-0.3 Ripping of empty oil tanks 0.2-0.3 Deformation of a pipe bridge 0.2-0.4 Big trees topple over 0.3 Panelling torn off 0.35-0.4 Piping failure 0.35-0.8 Damage to Distillation Column

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Peak Overpressure Failure (Bar) 0.4-0.85 Collapse of pipe bridge 0.5 Loaded Train Wagon overturned 0.5 Brick walls shattered 0.5-1.0 Movement of round tank, failure of connecting piping (Source: TNO)

7.3.4 Maximum Credible Accident Analysis (MCAA)

At the proposed civil enclave at Agra, Natural Gas may be released as a result of release of Natural Gas cascade, causing possible fire and explosion resulting damage human and property in the surrounding area. This section deals with the question of how the consequences of the release of such substances and the damage to the surrounding area can be determined by means of models. Maximum Credible Accident analysis encompasses certain techniques to identify the hazards and calculate the consequent effects in terms of damage distances of heat radiation, vapor cloud explosion, etc. Depending upon the effective hazardous attributes and their impact on the event, the maximum effect on the surrounding environment and the respective damage caused can be assessed.

The proposed civil enclave at Agra may mainly pose flammable and explosion hazards due to unwanted release or leakage of Natural gas. Consequence analysis is basically a study of quantitative analysis of hazards due to various failure scenarios. It is that part of risk analysis, which considers failure cases and the damage caused by these failure cases. It is done in order to form an opinion on potentially hazardous outcome of accidents and their possible consequences. The reason and purpose of consequence analysis are many folds like:

- Estimation of consequence distances; - Design Criteria. - Protection of other installations; - Emergency Planning; and

The results of consequence analysis are useful for getting information about all known and unknown effects that are of importance when some failure scenario occurs and also to get information as how to deal with the possible catastrophic

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events.

7.3.5 Scenarios Considered for MCA Analysis

Natural Gas will be stored in Cascade, hence possibility of fire and explosion in day storage tank is negligible. The selected scenarios for consequence calculations are given in Table 7.3.

Table 7.3: Selected Scenarios for Consequence Calculations Scenario Description Outcomes No. 1. Leakage of Natural Gas from Piping Jet Fire/ Vapour to Power Generator followed by Cloud Explosion/ Immediate/delayed ignition Flash Fire Note: Vapour Cloud Explosion (Confined) and Flash Fire (Non-confined)

Model Used For Consequence Analysis

The consequence analysis studies involve a large number of calculations for which established computing aids are essential. PHAST software of DNV has been used to perform the consequence calculations. PHAST is a consequence and risk assessment software for calculation of physical effects (fire, explosion, atmospheric dispersion) of the escape of hazardous materials. PHAST software allows detailed modelling and quantitative assessment of release of pure and mixtures of liquid and gaseous chemicals.

Scenario-1: Leakage of Natural Gas from Piping from Cascade to Power Generator Followed by Immediate/ delayed ignition

On release of Natural Gas from Piping from Cascade to Power Generator, Natural Gas will be released and jet fire will be formed in case of immediate source of ignition.

 Jet Fire Heat Radiation

On ignition of spreading pool, thermal radiation distances will be as given: Radiation Thermal Radiation Level Distances (m) Level 4 m/s – B 3 m/s – D 2 m/s - E

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37.5 kW/m2 2.764 2.612 2.134 12.5 kW/m2 5.345 5.147 4.675 4 kW/m2 8.132 8.345 7.234

Vapour Cloud Explosion: In the event of delayed ignition after release of natural gas, natural gas will be dispersed into the atmosphere towards prevailing wind directions. On getting source ignition, released natural gas will be moved in the form of cloud and flash fire will be observed. However, no vapour cloud explosion will be occurred. Consequence calculations for release natural gas from piping followed by fire have been carried out as per the details given below:

Flash Fire

In the event of delayed ignition, natural gas will be dispersed into the atmosphere towards prevailing wind directions. The distances of natural gas within the UFL and LFL are given below:

Distances (m) Concentrations 3 m/s – B 3 m/s – D 2 m/s - E UFL 1.6317 1.5853 1.3231 LFL 4.4532 4.3254 3.8734

Flash Fire Envelope distances will be as given below: Flash Fire Envelope Distances (m) Concentrations 3 m/s – B 3 m/s - D 2 m/s - E Furthest Extent 4.4532 4.3254 3.8734

7.3.6 Risk Mitigation Measures

The risk mitigation measures will be taken at the proposed civil enclave at Agra are as given below:

 Licence will be obtained from PESO/CCE for storage and handling of Natural Gas Cascade.  Cascade area will be fenced and only authorized person will be allowed within hazardous area.  Do’s and Don’ts for natural gas safety will be displayed.  Methane gas detectors with alarm will be provided near cascade and NG operated generators.

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 Fire Fighting facilities will be provided as per OISD guidelines.  NG Cascades and piping will be properly bonded and earthed. Earth resistance will be checked every six months.  At the cascades there will be provision of safety valves.  Natural gas will be painted yellow for identification purpose.  Smoking and any other sources of fire will be strictly prohibited.  Mock drills will be conducted regularly involving all concerned agencies.

7.4 Disaster Management Plan

The important aspect in emergency management is to prevent by technical and organizational measures, the unintentional escape of hazardous materials out of the facility and minimize accidents and losses.

Emergency planning demonstrates the organization's commitment to the safety of employees and increases the organization's safety awareness. The format and contents of the Disaster Management Plan have been developed taking into consideration the regulatory guidelines, other applicable documents and accepted industry good practice principles formulated as a result of lessons learned in actual emergencies requiring extensive emergency response. A plan can work smoothly and effectively only if the instructions are correctly and promptly followed and action taken at various levels is well coordinated.

7.4.1 Objective of Emergency Planning

The objective of the disaster management plan is to describe the emergency response organization, the resources available and response actions applicable. It deals with various types of emergencies that could occur at the proposed civil enclave at Agra with the response organization structure being deployed in the shortest time possible during an emergency. Thus, the objectives of emergency response plan can be summarized as:

 Rapid control and containment of the hazardous situation;  Minimizing the risk and impact of an event/accident; and  Effective rehabilitation of the affected persons, and prevention of damage to property.

To effectively achieve, the objectives of emergency planning, the critical elements that form the backbone of the plan are:

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 Reliable and early detection of an emergency and careful planning;  The command, co-ordination, and response organization structure along with efficient trained personnel;  The availability of resources for handling emergencies;  Appropriate emergency response actions;  Effective notification and communication facilities;  Regular review and updating of the plan; and  Proper training of the personnel.

7.4.2 Categorization of Emergencies

The emergencies at the proposed civil enclave at Agra can be classified under several headings. These headings are listed below together with a description of the type of emergency.

i. Fires on the Ground

Fire on the ground can be aircraft related and non-aircraft related. Fire involving aircraft can be at any location on the taxiway or apron area where the aircraft is parked. Non-aircraft related fire involves mainly the terminal buildings and Natural Gas storage in Cascade, etc.

ii. Natural Disasters

The proposed civil enclave at Agra is located in Seismic Zone II as per seismic classification. Seismicity is not a serious natural hazard for the proposed civil enclave at Agra. However, necessary design measures have been taken for making structure earthquake proof.

7.4.3 Key Functions of Airport Director and Other Supporting Organizations/Agencies/Services for mitigation of emergency at the proposed civil enclave at Agra

Concerned officers and other external supporting organizations/agencies/services will be called upon as necessary to mitigate crisis depending on the nature of emergency. Table below summarizes the general key functions of Airports Authority of India (AAI) and other supporting

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organizations/agencies/services during crisis at the proposed civil enclave at Agra.

Sn Organization/Agencies/ Key Functions Services 1. Airforce Fire Service  Fire-fighting operations  Post-accident fire protection  Evacuate injured passengers to hospitals  Support structural fire-fighting and evacuation  Support mitigation of dangerous foods accidents/incidents  Inform fire brigade at Airforce Station. 2. Terminal Building Management  Activate Key Officials and other external agencies/services such as hospitals, panel doctors, ambulance services,  Activate the Emergency Response and Interaction Centre (ERIC) Group  Set up the Emergency Coordination Centre (ECC), Friends and Relatives Reception Centre (FRRC)  Passenger facilitation and business recovery at terminal buildings  Support terminal building evacuation 3. Engineering  Provide technical support and assistance  Support recovery efforts 4. Local Police  Guarding of site and preservation of evidence at the proposed Civil Enclave including eye-witness accounts and photography.

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Sn Organization/Agencies/ Key Functions Services  Maintain law and order at the side.

7.4.4 Emergency Operations/Coordination Centers Established for Mitigation of Emergencies

During a major disaster such as severe fire outbreak at terminal building, the various emergency operations will be established immediately to mitigate the disaster.

The emergency operations and coordination centers at Airforce Station/Civil Enclave will comprise Crisis Management Centre (CMC), Emergency Coordination Centre (ECC), and Friends and Relatives Reception Centre (FRRC). Each of them has its own functions and roles to perform during the crisis:

i. Crisis Management Centre (CMC)

Established by the AAI, the Crisis Management Centre is to function as an overall overseeing and controlling authority of the crisis mitigating process during a major on ground fire. The committee of the Crisis Management Centre comprises the following permanent and supporting members:

The functions of the CMC include:

a. Formulate strategic plans and policies, as well as engage in high level decision making for the mitigation of crisis. b. Control, coordinate and support operations during an Incident. c. Oversee the work and progress of protracted fire-fighting and rescue, and salvage operations. d. Liaise with the airline concerned, local authorities, ministries, and governmental departments for support. e. Arrange and provide welfare to the staff involved in the mitigation of crisis. f. Regulate the release of information to the public on the facts of the aircraft disaster. g. Issue press releases and organize press conferences.

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h. Ensure that the post-accident operations are completed expeditiously so that the proposed Civil Enclave can resume normal operations in the shortest possible time.

ii. Emergency Coordination Centre (ECC)

Located near to Entry Gate, the Emergency Coordination Centre will be established by the Airport Director, during a major disaster, to coordinate the response and functions of the external supporting organizations, agencies, and services involved in the mitigation of the emergency.

The committee of ECC comprises the following officials:

 Terminal Manager - Chairman  Engineering In-charge - Alternate Chairman  Manager - Civil  Manager - Electrical  Security Officer  CISF Representative  Police Representative

Functions of the ECC include:

a. Support incident site fire-fighting and rescue operations through liaison and coordination with the external organizations/agencies/ services. b. Facilitate mobilization of external resources to the crash site, such as issuing emergency passes and arranging with Apron Control for "Follow-me" vehicles. c. Arrange and facilitate visits by the VVIPs to the site (if any).

iii. Assembly Area (AA)

Assembly area is an area set up near the incident site to temporarily receive the uninjured casualties until the arrangements to transport them to the Hospital is made. Two Assembly Areas (AA) will be near parking in front of terminal building.

iv. Friends and Relatives Reception Centre (FRRC)

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The FRRC serves as a secure area, away from the attentions of the media, for the friends and relatives of those involved in an accident. The documentation process within the FRRC helps to confirm who was on the site/aircraft and facilitates the reunion.

On receiving the "Fire" message, Terminal Director will set up the FRRC.

The staff shall man the FRRC, and the police shall take charge of the security of the area.

At the FRRC, the airline staff shall:

 Attempt to verify the identity of the visitors on entry;  Conduct documentation and briefing;  Update with the latest information including passenger manifest, that has been officially cleared;  Provide care and comfort including refreshments;  Arrange for doctors and/or CARE officers through ECC on a need basis.

Command structure and communication flow among various emergency / coordination centers is given below:

Command Structure and Communication

CMC

ECC FRRC

7.4.5 Media Management

Airport Director – Chairman and his team shall take the lead to handle all press matters. They are single point media interaction. They will be responsible for developing the overall information management plan, with emphasis on strategies to manage the information flow. They will also be responsible for the

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preparation of press releases and the organization of press conferences.

All press personnel will first be directed to Airport Director 's Media Centre. At the Media Centre, press briefing, communications and transportation service for taking the press personnel to and from the accident site, when permissible, will be arranged/provided.

No unauthorized persons shall be allowed in the Media Centre. Only members of the press, free-lance reporters and photographers wearing a valid pass issued by Airport Director will be admitted to the Media Centre, or transported to the scene of the accident.

7.4.6 Emergency Procedures

7.4.6.1Fires on the Ground (Aircraft Related Fires Occurring in Aircraft Movement Areas)

An aircraft can catch fire while it is taxiing in the movement area or parked. Such a scenario can arise from a defect or malicious act, and may develop into a major disaster.

When the aircraft on the ground on fire is sighted, Airport Fire Service through the crash alarm communication system will be informed and provide details of the aircraft fire, for example:

 Location of aircraft;  Nature of fire (e.g. undercarriage fire, engine fire);  Number of POB; and  Presence of dangerous goods, if known.

The Air Traffic Controller shall give clearance to the responding fire vehicles to enter the runway/taxiway as soon as possible.

If the fire is large and has caused extensive damage to the aircraft and external resources are required to aid in the mitigation process, the Air Traffic Controller shall declare "Aircraft on Fire".

The standard text and format used for the "Aircraft on Fire" message shall be

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as follows:

AIRCRAFT ON FIRE:

Aircraft Operator; Aircraft Type & *Flight Number; Location of Aircraft; *Nature of Fire (e.g. undercarriage fire, engine fire); *Number of Persons on Board (POB); *Any Dangerous Goods on Board. (*The information shall be provided if it is available and applicable.)

The use of the phrase "Aircraft on Fire" is to give distinction and therefore avoid confusion between aircraft crash and aircraft on the ground on fire.

7.4.6.2Fires on the Ground (Fires Involving at Proposed Civil Enclave, i.e. Non-Aircraft Related Fires)

Fire may occur at any of the part of the Proposed Civil Enclave. If out of control, such a fire may cripple the key Proposed Civil Enclave facilities and disrupt the normal operations.

During a fire occurrence, however small it may appear to be, any person discovering it shall:

 Raise the fire alarm via the nearest manual call point. If no manual call point is readily available, raise the alarm by other available means.

 Inform the Fire Service immediately of the exact location of the fire via the following telephone numbers.

Operate a suitable fire extinguisher where readily available, or any water hose reel within range. [*Note: Attempt to put out the fire using a fire extinguisher shall only be carried out if the fire is small (i.e., at incipient stage) and does not pose any danger to the operator. Also take note that water shall not be used energized electrical equipment unless such equipment has been de-energized.)

 On receipt of a structural fire call, the Fire Operator shall request the caller

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to provide the following details:

 Location of fire;  Type of fire;  Name of caller;  Telephone number of caller.

7.5 Training and Education

Regular training would be provided to all personnel who have a role in planning and operational response to an emergency. The main goal of training for emergencies is to enable the participants to understand their roles in the response organization, the tasks associated with each position and the procedures for maintaining effective communications with other response functions and individuals.

The training objectives are:

 To familiarize personnel with the contents and manner of implementation of the plan and its procedures,  To train personnel in the performance of the specific duties assigned to them in the plan and in the applicable implementation procedures,  To keep personnel informed of any changes in the plan and the implementing procedures,  To maintain a high degree of preparedness at all levels of the Emergency Response Organization,  Train new personnel who may have moved within the facility organization;  Test the validity, effectiveness, timing and content of the plan, and  Update and modify the plan on the basis of experience acquired through exercises and drills.

7.6 Mock Drills and Exercises

Mock drills constitute another important component of emergency preparedness. They refer to the re-enactment, under the assumption of a mock scenario, of the implementation of response actions to be taken during an emergency. Emergency drills and integrated exercises have the following objectives.

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 To test, efficacy, timing, and content of the plan and implementing procedures;  To ensure, that the emergency organization personnel are familiar with their duties and responsibilities by demonstration;  Provide hands-on experience with the procedures to be implemented during emergency; and  Maintain emergency preparedness.

The frequency of the drills would vary depending on the severity of the hazard. However, drills would be conducted once in a year. Scenarios may be developed in such a manner as to accomplish more than one event objective.

Drills and exercises will be conducted as realistically as is reasonably practicable.

Planning for drills and exercises would include:

 The basic objectives,  The dates, times and places,  The participating organizations,  The events to be simulated,  An approximate schedule of events,  Arrangements for qualified observers, and  An appropriate critique of drills/exercises with participants.

Evaluation of drills and exercises would be carried out which would include comments from the participants and observers. Discrepancies noted by the drill observers during the drill shall be pointed out during the drill.

The individual responsible for conducting the drill or exercise would prepare a written evaluation of the drill or exercise. The evaluation would include assessments and recommendations on:

 Areas that require immediate correction;  Areas where additional training is needed;  Suggested modifications to the plan or procedures; and  Deficiencies in equipment, training, and facilities.

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The evaluation of a drill or exercise shall be submitted to the terminal manager for review and acceptance who shall then determine the corrective actions to be taken and assign the responsibility to appropriate personnel.

The Safety In-charge would track all approved drill and exercise corrective actions as a means of assuring that corrections are made in a reasonable amount of time, and shall advise the Terminal Manager of the status of implementation of corrective actions.

Records of drills, exercises, evaluations, and corrective actions would be duly maintained.

7.7 Updating of Emergency Plan

The proposed Civil Enclave Emergency Plan and implementing procedures would be reviewed and updated to ensure compliance with relevant regulations and applicable state and local emergency plans.

The need for updating is based on following aspects:

 Written evaluations of mock drills exercises which identify deficiencies or more desirable methods, procedures, or organizations;  Changes in key personnel involved in the organization;  Changes in the facility organization structure;  Changes in regulations;  Recommendations received from other organizations and state agencies.

7.8 Social Impact Assessment and R&R Action Plan

For proposed Civil Enclave at Agra, 49.8 Acres (20.1533 ha) land has been purchased by State Government of Uttar Pradesh and handed over to Airports Authority of India. No displacement of person is involved in the project. Therefore, Social Impact Assessment and R&R Action plan is not required as there is no project affected person because of no land acquisition. The anticipated impacts on socio- economic environment due the proposed Civil Enclave have been identified and assessed in Chapter 4 of the EIA report.

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7.9 Public Hearing for New Civil Enclave at Agra

The public hearing for the development of New Civil Enclave at Agra in Uttar Pradesh was conducted on 6 September 2018 at 3.30 PM at the site by Uttar Pradesh Pollution Control Board. Total 38 people attended public hearing. The Action Taken Report for issues raised in public hearing and other details of the Public Hearing are given in Annexure 2.

7.10 Compliance of Taj Trapezium Zone (TTZ) Notification

The site for proposed Civil Enclave is located Taj Trapezium Zone (TTZ). Therefore, AAI has planned for use of clean fuel as Natural Gas for operation of Power generators (2x500 kVA) for meeting power requirement during grid power failure.

AAI has already submitted application on 9 July 2018 for permission from TTZ Authority (refer Annexure 3). TTZ permission will be obtained on submission of environmental clearance from Ministry of Environment, Forest & Climate Change (MOEF&CC).

Applicable orders/guidelines issued time to time by TTZ Authority, Hon’ble Supreme Court, Hon’ble National Green Tribunal for Taj Trapezium Zone (TTZ) will be followed and complied.

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CHAPTER- 8

PROJECT BENEFITS

8.1 General

The existing terminal building at Agra Airport is insufficient for passengers at departure and arrival both. Agra is a major tourist destination because of its many Mughal-era buildings, most notably the Taj Mahal, Agra Fort, Fatehpur Sikri, all three of which are UNESCO World Heritage Sites. Agra is included on Golden Triangle tourist Circuit, along with Delhi Jaipur, Uttar Pradesh Heritage Arc, tourist circuit of UP state, along with Lucknow the capital of the state and Varanasi. Air passengers number is increasing at Agra Airport. Therefore, there is urgent need for the proposed civil enclave, outside the Airforce Base for easy operation of flights for increasing numbers of air passengers to promote religious tourism, education, trade and commerce. Therefore, AAI has planned to develop proposed Civil Enclave at Agra on 49.8 Acres land handed over by state Government.

8.2 Direct and Indirect Benefits

The direct and indirect benefits of the proposed Civil Enclave at Agra are as follows:

Direct Benefits

Batter infrastructure facilities for passenger Promotion of tourism in Agra, Mathura etc, Increase in regional economy as it will boost tourism and commercial activities in the region. Generation of more revenue to the state, hence more development of the region.

Macro Level Benefits

Boost in religious tourism and more people to travel in the state Employment opportunity to people. More business and industrial opportunities

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CHAPTER 9

ENVIRONMENTAL COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS

9.1 General

The Environmental Cost Benefit Analysis was not recommended during scoping stage and in TOR granted by Expert Appraisal Committee (EAC) of Ministry of Environment, Forest & Climate Change (MOEFCC). Hence, the Environmental Cost Benefit Analysis was not carried out.

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CHAPTER 10

ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

10.1 Introduction

The Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) has identified environmental impacts those are likely to arise during construction of the proposed Civil Enclave at Agra. The Chapter 4 of this report has examined both adverse and beneficial impacts on each physical, biological and socio-economic parameters of environment during construction and operation phases of the proposed Civil Enclave at Agra. The environmental impact assessment has examined the extent to which these impacts would be mitigated through the adoption of standard practices, guidelines and complying with regulatory requirements. The Environmental Management Plan (EMP) describes both best practice measures and site specific measures. The implementation of EMP is aimed at mitigating potential environmental impacts associated with the construction and operation phases of the proposed Civil Enclave at Agra.

10.2 Environmental management Measures

10.2.1Soil

Construction Phase

During the construction phase of the proposed Civil Enclave at Agra, the following measures shall be adopted to minimize adverse impacts on soil:

 To prevent the soil contamination through the leakage or spillage of fuel oil, oil containers will be stored and handled carefully on cement lined floor,  All metal, paper, plastic wastes, debris and cuttings shall be collected from the site as soon as particular construction activity is over,

Operation Phase

Approx. 600 kg/d solid waste will be generated from the proposed Civil Enclave in the form of paper, plastics, polyethylene bags and food waste, etc. Solid waste from the proposed Civil Enclave will be collected in waste bins.

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Approx. 125 kg sludge generated from STP will be used as manure for greenery and landscaping development.

The solid waste handling and disposal services will be outsourced by Airports Authority of India to authorized agency to ensure proper disposal of solid waste generated at the proposed Civil Enclave. AAI will ensure that solid waste is being managed as per Solid Waste Management Rules 2016.

10.2.2Water Quality

Construction Phase

The following mitigation measures will be adopted to avoid impacts on water quality during construction phase of the proposed Civil Enclave:

 Efforts will be made to conserve the water;  Appropriate sanitation facilities (septic tank) to be provided for the construction workers to reduce impact on water quality.  The construction wastes will be collected and disposed suitably.  Control of spillage of fuel oil and storage of oil barrels on cemented floor.  Waste oil generated during maintenance of construction equipment will be collected and disposed to UPPCB approved waste oil recyclers for recycling and reuse.  Runoff from fuelling area, vehicle parking areas, etc. will be passed through oil interceptor.

Operation Phase

The following measures will be taken to protect water quality at the proposed Civil Enclave during operation phase:

 Sewage generated at the proposed Civil Enclave will be collected and sent to sewage treatment plant for proper treatment and disposal.  Municipal wastes generated at the proposed Civil Enclave will be collected and disposed suitability as per standards practices.  Used oil generated at the proposed Civil Enclave will be collected and disposed to UPPCB approved waste oil recyclers for recycling and reuse.

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I. Sewage (Waste Water) Management

272 KLD sewage generated from the proposed civil enclave will be treated in well designed Sewage Treatment Plant (STP). Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor (MBBR) type sewage treatment plant of 300 KLD capacity will be installed at the proposed Civil Enclave.

I. Design Details of STP - MBBR Technology

Advanced technology of Fixed Film biological processes having large surface area for bio-mass to grow have been used in the past to reduce both the reactor volumes as well retention times. Further developments in this field have led to development of Moving bed Technology in which the Moving Bed media are made of small plastic materials which are freely moving and non-clogging type.

The basic idea behind the Moving Bed Reactor development is to have a continuous operating non-clogging bio film reactor which requires (1) no back- washing, (2) has low head loss and (3) high specific bio film surface area. This is achieved by having the biomass to grow on small carrier elements that move along with the water in the reactor.

The movement within the reactor is generated by aeration in the aerobic reactor. These bio-film carriers are made of special grade plastic having density close to that of water.

Apart from making the plant compact, the moving bed reactor employing fixed film principle of the attached growth process makes the plant more user- friendly because it does not require sludge recycle. The absence of sludge recycle frees the operator from the enormous task of measurement and monitoring MLSS levels in the tank and adjusting recycle ratios continuously, due to fluctuating inlet COD loads.

Due to fixed film nature these plants can accept shock loads much better than those employed for suspended growth process. Moving Bed Reactor are generally tall (6 m and above) thereby reducing the cross-sectional area further. As a rule of thumb the bio-reactor can be accommodated in only 10% area that is required for conventional aeration tanks.

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One more attraction of this technology is that it produces much smaller quantity of sludge and what is more, this sludge requires no further treatment such as digestion, due to the fact that it produces digested sludge which does not smell like that in conventional plant.

II Sewage Treatment Plant Design Calculations

The design calculations for 300 kl/d MBBR Technology based sewage treatment plant for proposed Civil Enclave at Agra are given in Table 10.1.

Table 10.1: Design Calculation for MBBR Technology based STP (300kl/d) i Design Flow m3/day 300 ii Design Flow m3/hr 18.75 iii No of Units Nos 1 iv Velocity at Peak Flow m/s 0.9 v Open Area Required m2 0.005787 vi Liquid Depth in Screen Channel m 0.5 vii Clear Width Required m 0.011574074 viii Width of each Clear Opening mm 10 ix. No of Openings Nos 1.157407407 x. Provide Nos. of Openings Nos 8 xi Size of MS Bar mm 10 xii. Width of Screen Channel m 0.4 xiii Angle of inclination - 45o

IV. Oil And Grease Chamber - 1 No i Design Flow m3/day 300 ii Design Flow m3/hr 18.75 iii Detention Time MIN 2 iv Volume Required m3 0.6250 v Provided SWD m 0.75 vi Provided dimension (Length) m 1 vii Calculated dimension (width) m 0.83 vii Provided dimension (width) m 1 viii Dimensions of Oil And m 1 x 1x0.75 SWD Grease Chamber ix. Provided Volume m3 0.75 V. Equalization Tank - 1 No

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 10-4 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Environmental Management Plan

i Design Flow m3/day 300 ii Design Flow m3/hr 18.75 iii Detention Time hr 6 iv Volume Required m3 112.5 v Provided SWD m 4 vi Provided Dimension (Length) m 5.5 vii Calculated Dimension (Width) m 5.11 viii Provided Dimension (Width) m 5.5 ix. Dimensions of Equalization m 5.5.0x5.5x4.0 Tank SWD x Provided Volume m3 121

VI. MBBR Reactor - 2 No i Design Average Flow m3/day 300 ii Design Flow m3/hr 18.75 iii No of Units Nos 1 iv Incoming BOD mg/lit 300 Kg/Day 90 A. Calculation of Media i Surface area Of Media (MBBR sqm/Cum Type) considered 400 ii Loading Rate for sewage waste Kg/day/cum 6 iii Volume of Media Required cum 15.000 iv Tank Dimension v Volume Required for reactor m3 45 vi No of Units Nos 2 vii Volume Required for one m3 reactor 22.5 viii Provided SWD m 2.5 ix. Provided dimension (Length) m 3.5 x. Calculated dimension (Width) m 2.6 xi. Provided dimension (Width) 3 xii. Dimensions of MBBR Reactor m 2.5x1.75 x2.5 SWD xiii. Provided Volume of One tank m3 26.25 B. Air Requirement i Required Oxygen Rate Kg/Kg BOD 1 ii Required Oxygen / unit Kg/day 90 iii Correction Factor - 0.85

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 10-5 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Environmental Management Plan

iv Required Oxygen with Corr Kg/day Factor 105.88 v Oxygen % in the Atmospheric Air 23.2 vi Theoretical Air Requirement Kg/day 456.4 vii Density of Air Kg/m3 1.201 viii Theoretical Air Requirement m3/day 380.01 ix. Standard Oxygen Tfr Efficiency % 15 x. Field Capacity - 0.95 xi. Actual Air Requirement m3/day 2666.72 xii. Actual Air Requirement m3/hr 166.67 xiii. Capacity of Diffuser m3/hr/m 5 xiv Required No. of Diffusers No 33.3 xv No. of Diffusers to be Provided No 40 xvi Blower Capacity Provided for m3/hr MBBR Reactor 300 xvii Blower Capacity Provided for m3/hr Equalization tank 200 xvii Total Blower Capacity provided m3/hr 500

VII. Secondary Tube Settler - 1 No i Design Flow m3/day 300 ii Design Flow m3/hr 18.75 iii No of Units No 1 iv Surface loading rate m3/m2/hr 2 v Required area of tube settler m2 9.375 vi Provided Depth of tube settler m 2.75 vii Provided dimension (Length) m 2.5 viii Inlet Baffle m 0.6 ix. Provided dimension (width) m 2.5 Dimensions of Secondary m 2.5x2.5x2.75 Tube Settler SWD VIII. Filter Feed Sump- 1 No. i Design Flow m3/day 300 ii Design Flow m3/hr 18.75 iii Detention Time hr 2 iv Volume Required m3 37.5 v No of Units Provided No 1 vi Provided SWD m 2.75 vii Required Plan Area m2 13.64

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 10-6 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Environmental Management Plan

viii. Provided dimension (Length) m 4 ix. Provided dimension (Width) m 3.5 x Dimensions of Filter Feed m 4.0x 3.5x2.75m Sump SWD xi Provided Volume m3 38.5 IX. Pressure Sand Filter - 1 No. i Design Flow m3/day 300 ii Design Filtration Hour Hr. 16 iii Design Flow m3/hr 18.75 iv No of Units Provided No 1 v Loading Rate on filter m3/m2 hr 15 vi Required Working Dia mm 1261.48 vii Working Dia Provided of PSF mm 1500 viii Height on Straight mm 2000 X. Activated Carbon Filter - 1 No. i Design Flow m3/day 300 ii Design Filtration Hour hr. 16 iii Design Flow m3/hr 18.75 iv No of Units Provided No 1 v Loading Rate on filter m3/m2 hr 15 vi Required Working Dia mm 1261.48 vii Working Dia Provided of mm ACF 1500 viii Height on Straight mm 2000

XI. UV Disinfection System i Design Flow m3/day 300 ii Unit No. 1 iii Capacity m3/hr 1

XII. Sludge Holding Tank i Design Flow m3/day 300 ii Design Flow m3/hr 18.75 iii Influent BOD mg /L 300 iv Effluent BOD mg /L 20 v BOD removed mg /L 270 vi Quantity of excess sludge kg /kg BOD removed 1.67 vii Quantity of excess sludge kg /d 135.27 viii Specific gravity of sludge 1.05

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 10-7 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Environmental Management Plan

ix. Considering solid conc. of solids sludge consistency 0.8 - 2.0 % x. Sludge concentration for design % 0.5 ix. HRT hrs 4 x Sludge Holding Tank m3 19.33 xi Provided SWD m 2.75 xii. Required area of Chamber m 7.0 xiii. Provided dimension (Length) m 3.5 xiv Provided dimension (Width) m 3 xv Provide Sludge Holding m Tank Size 3.5x3.0x2.75+FB

III. Process Description of STP

A. Pre-Treatment

The raw sewage is passed through a bar screen for removal of floating matter. Removal of such floating / coarse matter is essential because it can otherwise choke pipelines /pumps, etc, and hinders the normal operation of the treatment plant. The screens are made of mild steel bars, placed at equal intervals. The raw sewage is passed through the screens, wherein the floating matter, any large particles are trapped in the bars. The inclination of bars is kept such that manual raking becomes easy.

Before the sewage is collected in the equalisation tank the sewage is passed through oil & grease removal chamber also, where free floating oil & grease present in the raw sewage is trapped and collected.

B. Equalization Tank

Bioreactor are more efficient under uniform flow conditions. Equalization basin is used for temporary storage of diurnal or wet-weather flow peaks. Basins provide a place to temporarily hold incoming sewage during plant maintenance and a means of diluting and distributing batch discharges of toxic or high- strength waste which might otherwise inhibit biological secondary treatment. Flow equalization basin is variable discharge control, typically include provisions for bypass and cleaning, and may also include aerators. Cleaning may be easier if the basin is downstream of screening and grit removal. From equalisation

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 10-8 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Environmental Management Plan

tank the sewage is .pumped in to the biological reactor on average flow basis through pumps.

C. Grit Removal

Pre-treatment may include a grit channel or chamber, where the velocity of the incoming wastewater is adjusted to allow the settlement of sand, grit, stones, and broken glass. These particles are removed because they may damage pumps and other equipment. For small sanitary sewer systems, the grit chambers may not be necessary, but grit removal is desirable at larger plants. Grit chambers come in 3 types: horizontal grit chambers, aerated grit chambers and vortex grit chambers.

D. Biological Treatment

The main pollutants in the raw sewage are represented in the form of Bio- chemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD). The ammonical nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen and phosphorous present also represent as polluting substances. The bacterial ability to synthesize the organic matter to harmless end products like carbon di-oxide and water molecules are utilized to treat the raw sewage.

The bio-reactions are carried out in controlled environment in the bio-reactor. The bio-reactor comprises of a tank, fitted with aeration grid. The bacterial activity needs dissolved oxygen, to synthesize the organic matter. This is supplied by passing air in the form of small bubbles. The air is passed at the bottom of the tank, so that complete volume of tank is utilized. Oxygen dissolves in liquid, which can now be used by the bacteria. The bacterial population is present on the media, which forms an integral part of the reactor system. The media is made of small polypropylene elements. Millions of such pieces are present in the reactor. A very large surface area is available for the bacterial population to grow. The bacteria grow on the plastic media, by using the organic content in the raw sewage, and the dissolved oxygen available. Due to constant aeration, the media is set in whirling motion, so that continuous mixing takes place.

The bacterial layer growth on the media surface increases to a certain extent, and then gets sloughed off after a specific period. This phenomenon is called

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 10-9 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Environmental Management Plan

sloughing. This creates new surface for further bacterial growth. Sloughing takes place only after complete growth and subsequent dyeing - off of the bacterial layer and hence the sloughed off material is completely digested. Ammonical nitrogen is completely converted into nitrate nitrogen, in the bacterial synthesis. About 50-60% of the phosphates are also assimilated in the organic synthesis. Nitrogen and phosphorous are utilized as micronutrients in the bacterial activity. The bacterial reaction is carried out in two stages for maximizing the BOD removal efficiency. Hence, two such reactor are provided in series. Within the reactor, arrangements are made to retain the plastic media in place.

Air supply is done through perforated stainless steel pipes. Use of stainless steel pipes ensures that no maintenance is required. The treatment process is mainly based on the principle of Moving Bed Bio Reactor (MBBR) and consists mainly of the following components:

Media which provides surface area for the growth of micro organisms. Air Grid System which ensures high oxygen transfer efficiency to meet

The oxygen demand exerted by the micro-organisms and the fluidized state the media. The system comprises of the following main units:

 Moving Bed Bio Reactor  Tube Settler

Moving Bed Bio Reactor

The Moving Bed Bio-reactor tank consist of an air grid place at the bottom of the tank which helps in including 02 transfers from the air to the effluent through the air blowers and at the same time maintains the media with attached bacterial culture in suspension. It is here that bacterial culture utilizes this 02 to biodegrade the organic matter in the effluent and also for their endogenous respiration, resulting in the production of simpler end products. The mixed liquor consisting of old and new bacterial cells are then sent to the Tube Settler.

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 10-10 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Environmental Management Plan

Operation of Moving Bed Bioreactor Process

MBBR is a moving bed bioreactor treatment system. The media on which the growth takes place in kept in fluidized state by aeration, Influent is continuously fed to the reactor and the treated effluent is discharge from the system by overflow. The high concentration of bacterial growth on the media hastens the process of BOD/COD treatment thereby making the system very compact. Generally, two stages are sufficient to achieve the desired reduction.

Tube Settler

Settling tank with the tube modules is a unit in which solid liquid separation occurs under the gravity.

Sludge Removal

The sloughed biomass must be removed before the treated sewage can be disposed off. Hence a tube settler is provided. The tube settler is equipment in which the Bio-mass removed & suspended solids are settled under action of gravity.

The sludge formed in the process of bio-degradation, is drained to the sludge holding tank from where through pump is fed to filter press for dewatering. The filtrate from filter press is drained back to receiving sump by gravity. The dewatered sludge will be removed manually. This sludge is very good soil conditioner & hence can be used as manure.

Disinfection

The treated sewage is then disinfected to kill the pathogens /E-Coli coli forms, so that it becomes fit for disposal on surface. UV disinfection will be used to achieve desired levels of dis- infection. Small residual chlorine also ensures that there is no re-growth of E-coli, till the final disposal point.

Schematic diagram for MBBR based Sewage Treatment Plant is given in Figure 10.1.

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 10-11 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Environmental Management Plan

10.2.3Solid Waste Management

Construction Phase

During the construction phase, the following measures shall be taken for solid waste management:

 All metal, wooden, paper, plastic wastes, debris and metal cuttings shall be collected from site as soon as particular construction activity is over and disposed in suitable manner.  Municipal waste generated will be collected and disposed in environmentally sound manner.

Operation Phase

The following mitigation measures will be taken for management of solid waste during operation phase of the proposed Civil Enclave.

 Solid wastes management at the proposed Civil Enclave will be carried out as per Solid Wastes Management Rules, 2016.  Solid wastes will be collected in designated waste bins based on their types, placed at the strategic locations in the proposed civil enclave.

Approx. 600 kg/d solid waste will be generated from the proposed Civil Enclave. The solid waste handling and disposal services will be outsourced to authorized agency to ensure disposal of solid waste generated from the proposed Civil Enclave. Solid waste generated in the aircraft will also be disposed off at the designated waste collection points from where the agency will pick up the garbage bags.

The authorised agency, collect the garbage from designated bins in the proposed Civil Enclave. The wet garbage of the aircraft comprising of left over food in the tray from the security gates of flight kitchens will also disposed off at the specified place.

Inventorisation and categorisation of waste from existing and proposed integrated terminal building is given below:

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 10-12 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Environmental Management Plan

Existing Proposed Scenarios Scenarios Trash collected in flight and disposed at the 20 kg 100 kg Airport. Toilet wastes and sewage collected from 10 kl 270 kl aircrafts and disposed at the Airport. Maintenance and workshop wastes. 0 20 kg Wastes arising out of eateries and shops 0 kg 100 kg situated within the airport. Waste generated by passengers 50 kg 400 kg

Toilet wastes and sewage collected from aircrafts will be treated in Sewage treatment plant to be installed at the Proposed Civil Enclave.

The collected garbage will be transported in covered container and will arrange to dispose off after segregation of recyclable wastes as per provisions of Solid Waste Management Rules 2016. After collection of garbage, garbage bins will be disinfected every day by sprinkling disinfectant powder by the agency. Weekly washing of garbage bins will also be carried out by this agency.

After collection of waste, solid waste management plan will be followed by authorized agency is as given below:

• Segregation of recyclable and non-recyclable wastes. • Disposal of recyclable wastes for recycling. • Composting of biodegradable organic of wastes for captive use. • Disposal of segregated wastes to common municipal waste landfill site.

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 10-13

9-14

nagement Plan Plan nagement

Environmental Ma

Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Uttar Airport, Enclave at Agra

Figure 10.1:Figure for MBBRSchematic Diagram Based Sewage Treatment Plant Raw Sewage Sewage

EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil New Proposed of EIA for Development ABC Techno Labs Private Limited EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Environmental Management Plan

10.2.4Air Quality

Construction Phase

During the construction phase, only marginal deterioration of ambient air quality is expected at the construction site due to operation of construction equipment and machineries, dust emissions from loading and unloading of raw materials, cement and soils, dust emissions from the batch plant, fugitive emissions from vehicle movement, etc. However, this deterioration will be temporary in the nature during construction phase. The following measures will be adopted during construction phase to mitigate the impact on ambient air quality:

 Installation of batch mix plant (if required by the contractor) at isolated place and providing cover shed around the plant,  Providing dust suppression system in loading and unloading area,  Pollution Under Control Certificate will be mandatory for all vehicles approaching to the site. Any vehicle not meeting the vehicular pollution standards will not be allowed within the construction site and for the construction activity;

Operation Phase

Major pollutants from the proposed Civil Enclave operation will be emitted from aircraft exhaust, vehicular traffic as ground support, pickup and dropping at the proposed Civil Enclave and from Natural Gas Operated Power Generators. The major pollutants are mainly Nitrogen di-oxide and Carbon monoxide besides particulates. The baseline ambient air quality levels in the project area are within the permissible limits as specified as National Ambient Air Quality Standards. The following methods of abatement of pollution will be employed for the air pollution control at the source level during operation phase of the proposed Civil Enclave:

 Shut down combustion engines when not in use,

 Single engine taxing and reduced taxing is effective in reducing emissions of HC and CO from aircraft,

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 10-15 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Environmental Management Plan

 Height of the stack for natural gas operated power generators will be kept as per CPCB guidelines,

 Proper car parking facilities and traffic flow to avoid traffic congestion, and

 Providing suitable green belt to reduce the impact of air pollution.

10.2.5Noise Levels

Construction Phase

During the construction phase, noise will be generated through the operation of construction machines, excavators and Natural Gas Operated Power Generators. The following measures will be taken into consideration to mitigate the noise at the construction site:

 Provision of silencers on the construction machineries,  Noise standards will be strictly enforced for vehicles, equipment, and construction machineries, etc,  All construction equipment used for an 8-hour shift will conform to a standard of less than 75 dB (A).  Vehicles and construction equipment with internal combustion engines without proper silencer will not be allowed to operate at the construction site.  If required, machineries producing high noise, such as concrete mixers, generators etc, shall be provided with noise shields and their usage timings can be regulated,  Shock absorbing techniques will be adopted to reduce vibration and noise.  Machineries and vehicles will be maintained regularly, with particular attention to silencers and mufflers, to keep construction noise levels to minimum.  Workers in the vicinity of high noise levels shall wear earplugs, helmets and be engaged in diversified activities to prevent prolonged exposure to noise levels of more than 90 dB(A) per 8-hour shift.

Operation Phase

Natural gas operated power generators will be provided with acoustic enclosures to control the noise levels. The proposed terminal building will be sound proof. Further, greenery will be developed at the proposed Civil Enclave, which works as noise barrier.

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 10-16 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Environmental Management Plan

10.2.6Vehicle Parking and Traffic Management

The passenger capacity of proposed terminal building will be designed for terminal building for 700 passengers (500 Domestic and 200 International) at one point of time. The car parking facility will be provided for at least 350 cars, surface parking for 20 VIP cars and 05 buses allocated for parking of vehicles. Multilevel Car Park (MPCP) for 350 cars is planned at the proposed civil enclave. The proposed car parking will be located on 5625 sqm area. Multilevel car parking will be construction in ground plus three levels (G+3). Surface parking will be provided for 20 VIP cars and 05 buses.

10.2.7 Traffic Management and Traffic Decongestion Plan

The proposed Civil Enclave adjacent to Agra Airforce Base is located approximately 7.5 km away from centre of Agra City. The site of the proposed Civil Enclave at Agra can be approached by the following roads

i. Agra-Kagrol Road (Adjacent to Proposed Civil Enclave) ii. NH3-NH11 Bypass Road iii. NH 11 (Agra Fatehpur Sikri Road)

Traffic survey was carried out on the road approaching to the site of the proposed civil enclave at Agra.

Traffic Survey on the Road Connecting to site of the proposed civil enclave at Agra

Vehicles ply on the road connected to above roads are two wheelers, three wheelers, cars, busses and LCVs (Goods & Passenger), etc. Traffic survey carried on these road during, peak traffic is from 8.00 AM to 11.00 AM and 5 PM to 9 PM, while lean traffic is observed 11.00 PM to 5.00 PM and 9.00 PM to 8.AM. Traffic counted on the these road during study was converted to passenger car unit (PCU) as per IRC SP: 41 as per details given below:

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 10-17 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Environmental Management Plan

Vehicle Conversion Factor as per IRC SP 41 Car 1.0 Motorcycle 0.5 3-wheeler 1 LCV 2.2 Bus 3 Truck 4.5

Traffic Survey

Traffic survey carried out on various roads connected to site of the proposed civil enclave at Agra have been presented in Table 10.2.

Table 10.2: Details of Traffic Survey on Roads Connected to site of the Proposed Civil Enclave at Agra. Type of Two Three Cars LCV Bus Trucks Total Vehicles Wheelers Wheelers Agra-Kagrol Road Vehicle 67 7 36 13 7 6 136 Count/hr during Peak period Passenger 34 7 36 29 21 27 153 Car Units /hr during Peak period NH3-NH11 Bypass Road Vehicle 139 16 87 23 11 19 295 Count/hr During Peak Period Passenger 70 16 87 51 33 86 342 Car Units /hr During Peak period NH 11 (Agra Fatehpur Sikri Road)

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 10-18 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Environmental Management Plan

Type of Two Three Cars LCV Bus Trucks Total Vehicles Wheelers Wheelers Vehicle 212 21 147 67 21 42 510 Count/hr during Peak period Passenger 106 21 147 147 63 189 673 Car Units /hr during Peak period

Finding of Traffic Survey

From the proposed civil enclave at Agra, peak car traffic is anticipated 250 cars par hour.

Carrying capacity of roads approaching to proposal Civil Enclave at Agra are given below: Name of the Road Capacity PCU/Day Capacity PCU/Hour i. Agra-Kagrol Road 18000 750 ii. NH3-NH11 Bypass Road 45000 1875 iii. NH 11 (Agra Fatehpur Sikri 45000 1875 Highway) Total 108000 4500

Hence, capacity of road is well enough for traffic due to proposal Civil Enclave at Agra. Contribution of traffic due to proposal Civil Enclave at Agra on the road approached to airport is merely 6 %. Therefore, there is no possibility of traffic jam due airport passengers vehicles on the roads in Agra city.

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 10-19 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Environmental Management Plan

10.2.8 Plan for Use of Fly Ash in the Project

At the proposed civil enclave, there is no provision of use of flyash due to design constraint. However, Portland pozzolana cement (PPC) will be used upto possible extent in the construction of proposed civil enclave.

10.2.9 Bio Medical Wastes Management

At the proposed civil enclave, Bio Medical Wastes Management will not be generated. However, any biomedical wastes generated from first aid facilities will be given to authorized bio medical wastes collection and disposal agency as Biomedical Waste Management Rules, 2016.

9.2.10Measures and Materials used for Reduction in Carbon Foot Print

During construction and operation phase of the proposed Civil Enclave at Agra, for minimization/avoidance of greenhouse gases emissions, the following mitigation measures are suggested:

 Natural Burning of fossil fuels will be avoided by installing Natural Gas Operated Power Generators.  Harnessing Solar Power up to maximum possible extent.  Use of LED lights  Use of energy conservation measures for the proposed terminal building.  Plantation of trees and shrubs

10.2.10.1Energy Conservation Measures

During design and construction of proposed Civil Enclave necessary measures will be taken for conservation of energy in line with “Energy Conservation Building Code –2017” and “National Building Code 2016”. The important energy conservation measures proposed for proposed terminal building are described below:

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 10-20 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Environmental Management Plan

 The proposed Terminal building will be designed and constructed for GRIHA Rating 4 Star,  Use of Energy Efficient building material & glass,

Wall Construction U value (0.077 Btu/h-ft2 oF) Roof Construction U value (0.046 Btu/h-ft2 oF) Glass properties Glass with U value (0.28 Btu/h-ft2 oF) and SHGC 0.20 Window to gross wall ratio 47%

 Lighting shall be optimized by extensive use of day lighting, energy efficient lamps of LED, occupancy sensors, intelligent lighting controls etc. to meet ECBC/ GRIHA norms. Decorative / MS / GI poles with LED/Metal Halide/HPSV luminaries shall be used for the street lighting and external lighting shall be designed for 10-20 Lux level.  Use of Solar Backed up Light Emitting Diode Lamps instead of par lamps,  Energy efficient HVAC system,  Solar passive techniques for terminal building,  Use of 5 star BEE energy efficiency rating electrical equipments,  Microprocessor-based Building Management System (BMS) will be installed for minimization of energy consumption through centrally monitor the status, the Air Conditioning units and Water supply pumps, tank levels, flow switches, etc.  Automatic lighting on/ off control system will be provided in the proposed civil enclave area for optimum utilization of energy.  It is proposed that 150 KW solar power generation plant will be established at the proposed Civil Enclave to produce clean energy.

By adopting above measures more than 30% energy will be saved.

10.2.10.2 GRIHA Rating 4 Star for Proposed Terminal Building

Airports Authority of India has planned for green building certification for proposed terminal building under Green Rating for Integrated Habitat Assessment (GRIHA) organization. Out of possible 104 points for Criterion as per GRIHA Dashboard, minimum 81 to 90 points will be achieved for 4 Stars GRIHA rating.

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 10-21 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Environmental Management Plan

10.2.10.3 150 kWp Grid Tied Ground Mounted SPVPP

AAI has planned for to install 150 kWp Grid Tied Ground Mounted Solar Photovoltaic Power Plant (SPVPP) at the proposed Civil Enclave. Bills of materials for 150 kWp Grid Tied Ground Mounted SPVPP are given in Table 10.3:

Table 10.3: Bill of Materials for 150 kWp Grid Tied Ground Mounted SPVPP Sn. Item Description Specifications Indicative Make 1. Solar Module Solar Module of Minimum 310 Trina or Wp Manufactured on equivalent Automated Production Lines with greater than 16 % module efficiency (DC Capacity = 150 kWp) 2. Module Mounting G.I. Sheets with Excellent Standard Make Structure Corrosion Resistance 3. Power Conditioning Power Conditioning Unit with Fronius or Unit (Inverters) MPPT Charge Controller and equivalent above 98% Efficiency Inverter 4. Cables DC Cable – 1C x 4sq mm, Cu Polycab – AC AC Cable – as per detailed SIECHEM – AC design 5. Protection Devices Lighting Arrestors Ellipse or Earthing Protection Equivalent 6. HDEP Pipe Underground HT Cable Laying Standard Make 7. Data Logging + DG SolGriD-Power Management RelyOn Solar Synchronization + System Reverse Power Controller

Details of Solar Module

Features

 310-320 Wp Multi Crystalline Solar Module from reputed supplier.  With more than 15% module efficiency. These are used in MW Solar Farms

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 10-22 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Environmental Management Plan

 72 Cells modules with low iron anti refractive coated glass gains additional 2% energy.  Superior resistance to PID (potential induced degradation)  Upto 25 years true liners power output warranty.  10 years global workmanship warranty.

Details of solar module are given in Table 10.4.

Table 10.4: Details of Solar Module Peak Power (Pmax) 315 Wp Max Power Current (Imp) 9.10 A Short Circuit Current (Isc) 8.55 A No. of Cells 72 Max Power Voltage (Vmp) 36.9 V Open Circuit Voltage (VoC) 45.4 V Tolerance 0, +5 Module Efficiency (%) 16.2 Weight 25 kg Glass High Transmission Low Iron Tempered glass Frame Anodized Aluminum alloy with twin wall profile Junction Box IP 65/IP 67, 3 bypass diode

Invertors:

In this system outdoor type PCU (invertors) technology:

 Enhance power output than conventional inverter – 6-8 %  Designated to withstand in extreme weather conditions  Design life of 12-15 years  Greater than 98.3 % efficiency at peak power  Harmonics below 1.8 %  Degree of protection IP 66  Cooling : Regulated air cooling  Data logging system allow continuous monitoring of the energy generation  Able to run in synchronization with Diesel generator in case of grid failure.

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 10-23 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Environmental Management Plan

Module Mounting Structures

Fixed mounting type structures will be provided.

 G.I. sheets that have excellent corrosion resistance.  Capable of withstand high wind speed upto 150 kmph

Module Mounting Structures

1) Reverse Power Control

a. Continuous monitoring of load and taking corrective action on power from solar power system b. Ensures that power does not flow into the grid – critical where net metering is not in yet rolled out c. Response and corrective action in less than one minute. d. Maximum power drawn from solar system e. Consumption from grid can be brought down to as low as 1% of the load.

2.) Real Time Remote Monitoring of system parameters

a. Access through internet b. Graphical presentation

3.) Alerts

a. For information b. For corrective action

4.) Weather Monitoring

a. Measurement of radiation, temperature and comparison with generation b. Available in charts and line diagram

5.) Performance Calculations

a. Ready availability for PR (performance ratio), Radiation yield (kWh/m2/day), PLF (plant loading factor)

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 10-24 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Environmental Management Plan

6.) Local Storage

Continuously storing data will be available on local memory chips or on pen drive for ready reference.

10.2.11Rain Water Harvesting

The proposed civil enclave is located in medium rainfall area with 733 mm mean annual rainfall. Static water level in the study area is 20 m to 30 m. Therefore, rainwater recharge pits are proposed at the proposed civil enclave.

At the proposed civil enclave, rainwater harvesting will be provided as per central Ground Water board guidelines.

The following precautions will be taken while constructing a recharge well.

 Depth of well will be 3 meters above from ground water aquifers  There should not be any contaminated  Recharge well will be properly covered after construction.  Overflow pipe for the recharge pit will be provided to avoid water logging around the recharge well in case of overflow.  The boulder packing should be done by skilled people in order to avoid caving or collapse of recharge well.  Sufficient concrete / brick lining should be provided and make sure that water is not entering into the recharge well from the sides as this may lead to collapse.

Rain Water Harvesting Calculations:

Soil Quality at the Site: Sandy loam Annual Rain fall : 733 mm Peak Hourly Rain fall : 45 mm/hr Static Ground Water Level at the site: 20 m below ground level

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 10-25 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Environmental Management Plan

Rainwater harvesting calculations for the proposed Civil Enclave are given in Table 10.5.

Table 10.5: Rainwater Harvesting Calculations for Proposed Civil Enclave S. Description of Area Runoff Peak Retention Total Volume No. Area (Sq.M) coefficient Hourly time of Water as per Rain fall Capacity of Available for CGWA mm/hr Recharge Rain Water tank in Harvesting 15 min (cu. m/15 min) 1. Roof Top & 82305 0.9 45 15 Paved Area 833.3 2. Open Area 44117 0.3 45 15 148.9 3. Green Area 75111 0.2 45 15 169.0 Grand Total 201533 1151.2

Rain Water Harvesting Pit Design Particulars Values Unit Peak hourly rate taken @ 45 mm/hr for 15 min duration 1151.2 Cum Volume of recharged Runoff through RWH pit in 15 min 28.0 Cum No. of recharge pit required 41.1 Nos Say 41 Nos

At the proposed civil enclave 41 numbers of rainwater harvesting pits will be provided. Rain water harvesting pit design for the proposed Civil Enclave is shown in Figure 10.2.

10.2.12Green Belt and Landscape Plan for proposed Civil Enclave

For proposed civil enclave, 12 trees are likely to be felled after obtaining permission from the local authority. AAI has planned to plant 3500 plant saplings at the proposed civil enclave.

The proposed Civil Enclave has limitation for green belt /plantation because of aviation safety and bird hazards. However, to minimize the impact of noise and vehicular emission during take off and landing of aircraft, green belt/plantation is proposed on 44117 sqm area at the proposed Civil Enclave. Green belt/plantation in the nearby area will also be carried with the help of local community involvement. Large canopy trees and fast growing small trees of indigenous

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 10-26 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Environmental Management Plan

species will be selected for plantation. It is proposed to plant 3500 trees sapling at the proposed Civil Enclave. Landscaping plan for proposed Civil Enclave is given in Figure 10.3.

Only indigenous trees will be planted as a part of green belt/plantation. Based on ecology studies, important indigenous trees species for green belt/plantation are as given in Table 10.6 and Table 10.7:

Table 10.6: The List of Trees for Green Belt/Plantation Sn Botanical Name Common Name 1. Acacia catechu Khair 2. Bauhinia acuninata Kanchan 3. Bauhinia Semla Semla 4. Delonix Regia Gulmohar 5.. Albizia lebbeck Siras 6.. Grevillea robusta Silky Oak 7. Albizia procera Kala Siras 8. Anthocephalus cadamba Kadam 9. Cassia fistula Amaltas 10. Melia azadarach Bakain 12. Oreodex Regia Bottle Palm 13. Polyalthia longifolia Ashoka 14. Terminalia arjuna Arjun 15. Cordia dichotoma Lasoda 16. Holoptelea integrifolia Papadi

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 10-27 nagement Plan

Environmental Ma 10-28 Design forDesign Proposed Civil Enclave

Enclave Pradesh at Agra Airport, Uttar

Figure 10.2: Rain WaterFigure Harvesting Pit

EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited nagement Plan

Environmental Ma 10-29 Proposed Civil Enclave at Agra

Enclave Pradesh at Agra Airport, Uttar

Figure 10.3: Landscaping and Green Belt Plan for

EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Environmental Management Plan

Table 10.7: The List of Shrubs Landscaping Sn Botanical Name of Shrubs (Multi branch and Good Foliage) 1. Allamanda Cathartica 2. Acalypha Wilkinseana 3. Bismarkia (0.45 Stem height) 4. Magnolia champaca 5. Calliandra Breviceps 6. Cycas Revoluta (0.40 Stem height) 7. Crytostachys Renda 8. Ficus Panda 9. Hibiscus Rosa Sinensis 10. Hibiscus Snowflake 11. Ixora 12. Jasminum grandiflorum 13. Latania Rubra 14. Morraya Exotica 15. Nerium Oleander 16. Schleichera oleosa 17. Tecoma Gaudichaudi 18. Tabermontana Coronaria

10.2.13Demographic and Socio-Economic Environment

During the construction phase of the proposed Civil Enclave, about 120 to 150 skilled, semiskilled and unskilled workers will get direct employment opportunities, which will have beneficial impact on the socio-economic conditions of the area.

The following suggestions are given below to strengthen the beneficial impacts:

 Local people will be given preference for employment,  All the applicable guidelines under relevant acts and rules related to labour welfare and safety shall be implemented during the construction work activities,  Proper sanitary and drinking water facilities will be provided to workers living in the construction camps within the premises of the proposed Civil Enclave,  Worker engaged in high noise construction machines shall be provided with ear-muff and ear plugs,  Helmets will be provided to the workers engaged in the construction activities,

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 10-30 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Environmental Management Plan

 Safety belts will be provided to the workers engaged in the construction activities at heights,  Safety slogan and warning board about the safety will be displayed at the strategic locations of construction areas.

Construction Camps

The mitigation measures for construction camps are as given below:

Water supply and toilet facilities at construction camps will be provided to the workers, Domestic waste generated at the construction camp will be disposed properly.

10.2.14 Management Plan for Regulation of Unauthorized Development and Encroachments

The site for proposed Civil Enclave at Agra is located about 7.5 km from centre of Agra city. Land for proposed civil enclave has been provided by State Government. Within the 5 km radius of the project, no major unauthorized development and encroachments is observed. Therefore, no such plan is required.

10.2.15Fire Protection Measures

At the proposed Civil Enclave, the following fire fighting facilities will be provided:

 Fire Alarm and Detection System (By Honeywell)  Fire Fighting and Sprinkler System

At the proposed Civil Enclave, the necessary fire fighting systems will be provided as per statutory requirements.

10.3 Environmental Management Plan

The Airports Authority of India (AAI) will be responsible for the implementation of mitigation measures suggested in EMP for construction and operation phases of the proposed Civil Enclave. Environmental Management Plan for the proposed Civil Enclave is presented in Table 10.8.

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 10-31 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Environmental Management Plan

10.3.1Environmental Management Cell (EMC)

An Environmental Management Cell (EMC) will be headed by Assistant General Manager supported by adequate number of personnel having sufficient educational and professional qualification and experience to discharge responsibilities related to environmental management including statutory compliance, pollution prevention, environmental monitoring, preventive maintenance of pollution control equipment and green belt development & maintenance. Organogram for Environmental Management Cell is given Figure 10.4.

Environmental Management cell will implement and review the compliance of the stipulated conditions specified in Environmental Clearance and Consent for Establishment. The cell will be responsible to obtain Consent to Establish (CTE) and Consent for Operate (CTO) under Water Act and Air Act from UPPCB.

Assistant General Manager (EMC)

Manager Manager (Utility) (Environment)

Technician STP Technician Environmental

Figure 10.4: Organogram for Environmental Management Cell

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 10-32 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Environmental Management Plan

10.3.2Training

The environmental management cell of AAI would responsible for the implementation of mitigation measures described in the EMP. Personnel working at the site need to be trained for the effective implementation of the environmental issues. To ensure the success of the implementation of mitigation measures, there is a high requirement of training and skill up-gradation of personnel.

As part of the construction and operation, training programs have been worked out for capacity building needs of the personnel. The program consists of number of training modules specific to target groups. The training would cover the basic principles and postulates of environmental assessment.

Looking into the potential requirements of each of the target groups, the following training modules have been suggested for construction and operation phases as part of the EMP.

For Construction Phase:

Module I : Environmental Overview Module II : Environmental Regulations and Acts Relevant to Construction Activities Module III : Environmental Impact Assessment During Construction at Airport Module IV : Environmental Sound Construction Management at Airport

For Operation Phase:

Module I : Airports and Environmental Issues Module II : Environmental Regulations and Acts Relevant to Operation of Airport Module III : Source of Pollution at Airport Module IV : Environmental Impact Assessment during Operation of Airport Module V : Environmental Management Plan for Airport Module VI : Noise Mitigation at Airport Module VII : Planning of environmentally Sustainable Operation of Airport Module VIII : Long Term Environmental Issues in Airports Management

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 10-33

10-34 10-34 AAI AAI AAI

Monitoring Monitoring nagement Plan Plan nagement Supervision/ Supervision/ EMC of EMC of EMC of

Responsibility Responsibility Agency Agency Construction Construction Contractor Contractor Contractor Environmental Ma Environmental , if earth approved approved Civil Enclave Civil for Proposed Civil Enclave at Agra and solid waste and solid ations will be a part of of part be a will ations rried to suppress dust dust suppress rried to to filling compaction and compaction filling to t any spoils of material material of t any spoils d natural habitat like grass like natural habitat d will be ensured will be ensured and disposed off near any water water off near any disposed to be permanently covered

d certified by Environmental Environmental by d certified

same shall be obtained from from obtained be same shall AAI. cutting and filling

Enclave at PradeshAgra Airport, Uttar minimum course, agricultural land, an land, agricultural course, lands or pastures. water sprinkling will be ca be will sprinkling water emissions. supplier only. Simultaneous Simultaneous supplier only. is required, is required, management plan to be prepared by the Contractor in in the Contractor prepared by be to plan management consultation Management Measures Measures Management proposed for land of For leveling loc disposal The pre-identified comprehensive waste disposal tha will ensure Contractor be not unsuitable for fill will the and disposed completely will be materials All waste an cleaned be fully site will of AAI. Expert all areas soil from The top depth of 150 mm and to a specified will be stripped at the of the area portion A in stockpiles. stored

Table 10.8 : Environmental Management Plan Environmental Environmental Aspect/Issue Stage Construction Contractor. the out by carried be to Activities Site Clearance Earth by Filling Wastes Construction Disposal stocking Stripping, of and preservation top soil

S. No. I. C.1 C.1.1 C.1.3 C.1.4

EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited

10-35 10-35 AAI AAI Monitoring Monitoring nagement Plan Plan nagement Supervision/ Supervision/ EMC of EMC of EMC of

Responsibility Responsibility Agency Agency tractor tractor Construction Construction Contractor Con Environmental Ma Environmental not

, are rked for storing for storing rked the pile will be be will the pile . The following . The following ficked either before ficked either before areas top dressing or or dressing top areas AAI ck piling will be pre- ck piling ll be kept to a minimum a minimum to kept be ll will occur. The stockpiles surcharged or otherwise or otherwise surcharged that vehicles brining man brining that vehicles To soil retain and to allow be taken to preserve them preserve to be taken contractor that the top soil soil that the top contractor ncy of water sprinkling will will sprinkling ncy of water piles. piles.

ment areas and Environmental and Environmental ment areas will be earma igned such that the slope does slope the such that igned d public access. d and landscaping area. and landscaping area. gunny bags or vegetation. bags gunny

Enclave at PradeshAgra Airport, Uttar precautionary measures will precautionary measures used: are till they percolation of water, the edges of the percolation of water, fencing. silt protected by Management Measures Measures Management enclave civil proposed des be will (a) Stockpile of and height to (vertical horizontal), not exceed 1:2 m. to 2 the pile is restricted be will not (b) Stockpiles by the It will be ensured (c) all covering for will be utilized topsoil stockpiled Such borrow including disturbed areas plantation up of filling care take will The contractor site the to and materials approaching freque seasons dry During loaded and multiple handling wi handling multiple loaded and compaction no to ensure that shall be covered with will not be unnecessarily traf in stock or when stripping in the settle be increased disturbing local road an road local disturbing topsoil. The locations for sto The locations for topsoil. of and with approval in consultation identified of Expert Environmental

Environmental Environmental Aspect/Issue Accessibility Materials of Construction Procurement Earth for Construction Filling

S. No. C.1.5 C.2 C.2.1

EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited

10-36 10-36 AAI AAI AAI Monitoring Monitoring nagement Plan Plan nagement Supervision/ Supervision/ EMC of EMC of EMC of EMC of

Responsibility Responsibility Agency Agency Construction Construction Contractor Contractor Contractor/AAI Environmental Ma Environmental

to be be to and environmental environmental and from bore well of all such surfaces. icles of the contractor or or the contractor icles of ds, which are used for are ds, which hicles. vehicles delivering fine vehicles delivering construction site in/close site in/close construction ission will be submitted to ission will be submitted mission from competent mission from competent the requirement of water of water the requirement UPPCB the numbers of sprinkling the numbers of sprinkling istration and having valid valid istration and having covered to avoid spillage of of spillage avoid covered to ure aggregate materials from aggregate materials ure stricted to daytime only. only. daytime stricted to l requirements. l requirements. contractor or suppliers of materials, will or suppliers of materials, will contractor -

Enclave at PradeshAgra Airport, Uttar construction. of initiation prior to drilled after obtaining per after obtaining drilled perm of the authority. A copy AAI clearance from DEIAA. clearance from DEIAA. consent of operated from from consent of operated any of his sub Management Measures Measures Management decide will of AAI Expert the loca on depending shall proc The contractor the Department of Geology by quarries approved Admin Mining and District roa will maintain Contractor and materials, equipment transporting construction machineries as précised. All be will materials to the site veh used by roads All existing as sprinkling water regular for will arrange Contractor necessary for dust suppression at of materials The unloading re will be to settlements will source The contractor materials. water from ground preferentially be kept clear of all dust/mud or other extraneous other extraneous or clear of all dust/mud be kept ve such by materials dropped

Environmental Environmental Aspect/Issue Quarry Operations Transporting Materials Construction and Haul Road Management Water Construction

S. No. C.2.2 C.2.3 C.2.4

EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited

10-37 10-37 AAI AAI AAI Monitoring Monitoring nagement Plan Plan nagement Supervision/ Supervision/ EMC of EMC of EMC of

Responsibility Responsibility Agency Agency Construction Construction Contractor Contractor Contractor Environmental Ma Environmental site site and

spillage of fuels of spillage s/machineries ance and refuelling ance and refuelling will ated during construction ated during construction taminate the ground. Oil taminate the ground. Oil precautionary measures to to measures precautionary ants storage sites, vehicle, vehicle, sites, ants storage proposed Civil Enclave Enclave Civil proposed in natural drainage. in natural drainage. manner that is acceptable to manner that is acceptable nstruction phase of proposed of proposed phase nstruction fashion that fashion that on Control Board (UPPCB). (UPPCB). on Control Board and equipment mainten

ies

Enclave at PradeshAgra Airport, Uttar equipment operation, mainten equipment operation, in such a be carried out con and lubricants does not will be disposed off in the the off in will be disposed Pradesh Polluti the Uttar sites will be located as per approved construction site site construction approved per as be located sites will layout plan. civil enclave. civil enclave. machiner Management Measures Measures Management the minimize all precaution to take will The contractor the co in of water wastage materials construction no that ensure will Contractor as not off so disposed or appendage like earth, stone, of water the flow to block all take will The Contractor the from arising All waste vehicle that all construction ensure will The contractor parking location, fuel/lubric vehicle all that ensure will Contractor prevent the wastewater gener the wastewater prevent bodies. or water streams from entering into

Environmental Environmental Aspect/Issue Work Construction Drainage and Flood Control Pollution Water Pollution from Water Pollution Wastes Construction from Water Pollution and Lubricants Fuel

1

S. No. C.3 C.3. C.4 C.4.1 C.4.1.1 C.4.1.2

EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited

10-38 10-38 AAI AAI Monitoring Monitoring nagement Plan Plan nagement Supervision/ Supervision/ EMC of EMC of

Responsibility Responsibility Agency Agency Construction Construction Contractor Contractor Environmental Ma Environmental CB CB as per as per UPP CB shall CB AAI UPP

identified disposal disposal identified - used for the project. the project. used for ies for vehicle parking, wash wash parking, vehicle for PUC certificates for all all for certificates PUC petroleum products will be be will products petroleum t pollution emissions levels levels emissions t pollution all vehicles, equipment and and equipment all vehicles, as per the design provided. provided. design as per the water, encapsulation of dust dust water, encapsulation of for collection, storing and and storing for collection, very precaution to reduce the to reduce very precaution t requirements. requirements. t of screen/barriers. screen/barriers. of hers licensed by the by hers licensed used for construction are regularly regularly used for are construction ies

Enclave at PradeshAgra Airport, Uttar be used to procure materials. materials. procure be used to maintained and confirm tha confirm maintained and the relevan comply with the monitoring plan. plan. the monitoring sites. All spills and collected sites. All spills and and with MoEF&CC disposed off in accordance Monitoring results will also be submitted to be submitted will also results Monitoring guidelines. vehicles/equipment/machiner Management Measures Measures Management provided be will interceptors areas down and refuelling will arrange Contractor the pre to wastes oily of disposal e take will The contractor sites involving level of dust from construction of sprinkling earthwork by and by erection source Alternatively, only crus that will ensure Contractor machiner submit will The Contractor

Environmental Environmental Aspect/Issue Air Pollution Dust Pollution Emission from Vehicles, Construction and Equipment Machineries Pollution Noise

S. No. C.4.2 C.4.2.1 C.4.2.2 C.4.3

EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited

10-39 10-39 AAI AAI Monitoring Monitoring nagement Plan Plan nagement Supervision/ Supervision/ EMC of EMC of EMC of

Responsibility Responsibility Agency Agency Construction Construction Contractor Contractor Environmental Ma Environmental CB the les, les, nt in the free field), free field), the nt in rollers, front loaders, front loaders, rollers, hedule and results will will results hedule and s, the effectiveness of s, the effectiveness of used in construction will will used in construction out at the construction the construction out at checked and if found checked and if found dB (A) (measured at one struction vehicles and vehicles struction will be done regularly and during regularly will be done

project such as compactors, project such as compactors, and vibrators mixers, cranes (moveable), concrete saws shall not exceed 75 equipme of the edge meter from routine servicing operation be exhaust silencers will strictly conform to the MoEF&CC/CPCB/UPP the to conform strictly noise standards. silencers. exhaust be fitted with machineries will be replaced. defective in used equipment for construction Limits ru (Protection) as specified in the Environment 1986. All plants and equipment used in construction shall shall construction in used equipment and All plants and equipment All vehicles of all con Servicing carried shall be Monitoring sc monitoring per the sites as AAI. be submitted all to goggles protective and footwear Protective materials, asphalt mixing on workers employed etc. cement, concrete Enclave at PradeshAgra Airport, Uttar

      Management Measures Measures Management the following: will confirm The contractor provide: will The contractor

Environmental Environmental Aspect/Issue Noise Noise Pollution: from Vehicles, Plants and Equipments Safety Personal Safety for Labour Measures

S. No. C.4.3.1 C.5 C.5.1

EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited

10-40 10-40 AAI Monitoring Monitoring nagement Plan Plan nagement Supervision/ Supervision/ EMC of EMC of

Responsibility Responsibility Agency Agency Construction Construction Contractor Environmental Ma Environmental noise, and noise, and person or the public. person or the public. with zero tolerance. zero with ts will be provided to provided be ts will sure that during the that during the sure Act, 1996 are adhered adhered 1996 are Act, hing, compaction, or hing, compaction, risk’ areas and enforce equipment and ensure ensure and equipment the Building and other other and the Building ields to workers who are are who workers ields to es for workers during for workers during es relevant provisions of the the of provisions relevant all required precautions to precautions to all required scaffolding, ladders, working working ladders, scaffolding, try and egress. try and struction Workers (regulation of Employment Employment of (regulation Workers struction

and Conditions of Services) and Conditions of Services) workers working in crus workers working engaged in welding works works engaged in welding loud to exposed to workers Earplugs mixing operation. concrete up. taken site are handling of materials at safe regarding means of en safe Con to. non-compliance of use of PPE non-compliance of use PPE Adequate safety measur safety Adequate regulations all with will comply The contractor will make The contractor ‘hard hat’ and ‘no mark will The Contractor ‘high smoking’ and other construction work all construction 1948 and Act, Factories platforms, stairwells, excavations, trenches and trenches and platforms, stairwells, excavations, Welder's protective eye-sh protective Welder's Enclave at PradeshAgra Airport, Uttar No material will be so stacked or placed as to cause to as or placed be so stacked No material will ligh All necessary fencing and zones. in construction public protect the danger or inconvenience to any

      Management Measures Measures Management will take The contractor electrical from danger prevent that:  

Environmental Environmental Aspect/Issue Risk from Electrical Equipment(s)

S. No. C.5.3

EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited

10-41 10-41 AAI AAI AAI Monitoring Monitoring nagement Plan Plan nagement Supervision/ Supervision/ EMC of EMC of EMC of EMC of

Responsibility Responsibility Agency Agency Construction Construction Contractor Contractor Contractor Environmental Ma Environmental be

be kept in good be kept in good larly inspected and inspected and larly ries Rules in every work work Rules in every ries t of an emergency. e, erect and maintain and maintain erect e, zed dressing materials and and zed dressing materials reasonable precautions to reasonable rs and public from fire, etc. from fire, rs and public required arrangements so so arrangements required oardings written in English English in oardings written Indian Standards (IS) codes, codes, (IS) Standards Indian ap all necessary steps can ap all necessary steps son(s) to the nearest hospital hospital to the nearest son(s) arrange for: arrange available first aid unit including an an unit including aid first available language, wherever required at the required wherever language,

uipment and trained nursing staff at construction construction staff at nursing trained and uipment Bengali Bengali adequate supply of sterili adequate supply the Facto as per appliances a readily a readily zone per or sick injured Eq availability of suitable transport at all times to take take to times all at transport suitable of availability camp. Enclave at PradeshAgra Airport, Uttar properly maintained as per IS provision. IS provision. as per properly maintained working order, working order, will be regu will be free from patent defect, willpatent free from will be All machines to be used in the construction will All machines to be used in the construction conform to the relevant

   construction site. site. construction taken for prompt first aid treatment. Construction Construction aid treatment. first for prompt taken will identify Contractor the by prepared Plan Safety even necessary actions in the prevent danger to the worke danger prevent activities. construction due to resulting Management Measures Measures Management  all will take The contractor make will The contractor of any mish that in case will The contractor provid will The contractor h signs, informatory/safety and

Environmental Environmental Aspect/Issue Measure Risk Force First Aid Informatory Signs and Hoardings

S. No. C.5.4 C.5.5 C.5.6

EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited

10-42 10-42 AAI AAI Monitoring Monitoring nagement Plan Plan nagement Supervision/ Supervision/ EMC of EMC of

Responsibility Responsibility Agency Agency Construction Construction Contractor Contractor Environmental Ma Environmental of f AAI islation. islation. the Archaeological which all work shall be shall all work which ed on the site shall be be the site shall ed on and shall be dealt with dealt and shall be t the instructions for the instructions t y other persons from y other from persons sonable precautions to to sonable precautions such article or thing. He such article or thing. instructing the Contractor Contractor the instructing overy thereof and before overy thereof and before value of antiquity, structures structures of antiquity, value n and maintenance of labour n and maintenance of labour relevant provisions of the the the of provisions relevant Environmental Expert o Environmental Expert the relevant leg the relevant will seek direction from seek will

. AAI AAI

Enclave at PradeshAgra Airport, Uttar

Survey of India (ASI) before before India (ASI) of Survey into recommence the the work site. and other remains or things of geological or things of geological or and other remains discover interest archaeological of the Government the property of as per provisions Management Measures Measures Management of coins, articles All fossils, rea take will The contractor or an his workmen prevent any removing and damaging disc upon will, immediately the acquaint removal The all follow will Contractor Workers Construction other the and Building of Service) and Conditions (Regulation of Employment Act, 1996 for constructio camp such discovery and carry ou carry such discovery and waiting same, with the dealing stopped.

Environmental Environmental Aspect/Issue Property Archaeological Chance Found Archaeological Property Management Camp Labor Accommodation

S. No. C.6 C.6.1 C.7 C.7.1

EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited

10-43 10-43 AAI Monitoring Monitoring nagement Plan Plan nagement Supervision/ Supervision/ EMC of EMC of

Responsibility Responsibility Agency Agency Construction Construction Contractor Environmental Ma Environmental and and

ank at least 1mt. least 1mt. ank at

regular maintenance of e in an accessible place, accessible place, e in an ion that uncontaminated uncontaminated ion that tion of Employment and tion of Employment a week to ensure the a week facilities in functional facilities IS 10500:2012. the Building and other other and the Building will be required to inspect inspect to required be will struct and maintain labour maintain labour and struct maintain necessary living maintain necessary living king, cooking and washing. and king, cooking AAI provide potable water facilities water facilities provide potable guarantee the following: guarantee g ground level. level. ground g of sufficient quantity of potable water (as (as water potable of quantity sufficient of

per IS) in workplace/labor camp site at suitable and and suitable at camp site per IS) in workplace/labor easily accessible places and such facilities. of the t the bottom kept such that from the surroundin parameters prescribed in

Enclave at PradeshAgra Airport, Uttar Supply Management Measures Measures Management The contractor will ancillary and accommodation site. hygienic manner at the construction will con The contractor a fash such accommodation in drin is available for water also will The Contractor workplac precincts of within the will also The contractor a) be will that provided is tank storage water If any b) as per month every done be will water of Testing c) of Expert Environmental as per standards set by set as per standards Workers (Regula Construction 1996. Act, of Service) Conditions the labour camp once in of the EMP. compliance

Environmental Environmental Aspect/Issue Potable Water

S. No. C.7.2

EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited

10-44 10-44 AAI AAI AAI Monitoring Monitoring nagement Plan Plan nagement Supervision/ Supervision/ EMC of EMC of EMC of EMC of

Responsibility Responsibility Agency Agency Construction Construction Contractor Contractor Contractor Environmental Ma Environmental ground ground earth system m. layer of waste or or m. layer of waste wherever required, required, wherever provided in all toilets in all toilets provided by putting layer of it of it layer by putting shion that no health health shion that no are to be implemented to be implemented are th a layer of earth for om men (marked in in om men (marked camp are designed, built designed, built camp are courses take place nent tank prepared for the for nent tank prepared garbage bins in the camps in the camps garbage bins restoration plan. The clean- The plan. restoration which to be cleaned and kept in a which are

refuse and then covered and then covered wi refuse fortnight. hazards occurs and no pollution to the air, the air, to pollution no hazards occurs and water or adjacent separate toilets/bathrooms, women for to be provided vernacular) are and urinals all toiletsare with dry- in workplaces (receptacles) condition strict sanitary 15 c purpose and covered with screened from those fr at the bottom of a perma of a at the bottom the sewage system for the the sewage to be is supply adequate water off disposed to be night soil is and operated in such a fa and operated in Enclave at PradeshAgra Airport, Uttar

     and ensure that these are regularly emptied and and emptied regularly are these that and ensure Solid the a manner as per hygienic off in disposed practices. Waste Management Management Measures Measures Management that: will ensure The contractor will provide The contractor prepare site will Contractor operations up and restoration The demobilization. to prior by the contractor dispose structures; will clear all temporary contractor

up Operations, up Operations, - Environmental Environmental Aspect/Issue and Sewage Sanitation System Waste Disposal Demobilization Contractor’s Clean and Restoration Rehabilitation

S. No. C.7.3 C.7.4 C.8 C.8.1

EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited

10-45 10-45 AAI AAI Monitoring Monitoring nagement Plan Plan nagement Supervision/ Supervision/ EMC of EMC of Responsibility Responsibility Agency Agency Construction Construction Airport Operator Airport Operator Environmental Ma Environmental made . Vehicles at . Vehicles at as per the CPCB as per the CPCB clean and tidy, at the the at clean and tidy, scribed by the ICAO scribed by Control” certificate. Control” certificate. d landscaping at the d landscaping at out as per monitoring monitoring out as per d landscaping at the at d landscaping proposed civil enclave, enclave, civil proposed g of ambient air quality/ g of ambient air quality/ agement will be prepared prepared be will agement entire satisfaction to the the entire satisfaction to ts of natural gas operated ts of natural gas operated ter required cisterns. Pour cisterns. ter required by preventive maintenance maintenance preventive by will be maintained and will will will be maintained and be made to reduce water water be made to reduce lp in reduction of vehicular of reduction lp in ft traffic congestion at proposed traffic congestion at proposed will be helpful in improving in improving will be helpful

proposed civil enclave proposed sets will be provided be provided will sets (much) less water. Efforts will be will be used at used at be will

proposed civil enclave civil enclave proposed Enclave at PradeshAgra Airport, Uttar the guidelines. Proper traffic man guidelines. Proper is no to ensue that there he will It civil enclave. emissions from the treated Reused of water. leakage and wastage to stop for greenery water an waste and monitoring. Stack heigh and monitoring. Stack power generators which require which Management Measures Measures Management Waste per as wastes Other and soils all garbage, night practices. Management be left will zones All construction the to expense, contractor's Environmental Expert of AAI. pre Compliance of all standards of aircra during operation will Continuous efforts consumption using less wa consumption using less flush toilets ambient air quality. Monitorin ambient air quality. carried emission will be source plan. plan. have a “Pollution Under have a “Pollution Development of greenery an Development of greenery proposed civil enclave

Environmental Environmental Aspect/Issue Stage Operation Air Pollution Water Pollution

S. No. II O. 1 O. 2

EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited

10-46 10-46 AAI AAI Monitoring Monitoring nagement Plan Plan nagement Supervision/ Supervision/ EMC of EMC of EMC of Responsibility Responsibility Agency Agency Construction Construction Airport Operator Airport Operator Airport Operator Environmental Ma Environmental in reduction of of in reduction . Municipal waste waste Municipal . ance and monitoring ance and monitoring ensured that agency ensured that agency collected, segregated collected, segregated rain water collection collection rain water transported in close transported in ste is generated from ste is generated collected separately in in separately collected ted waste from STP to from STP to ted waste water and treatment of and treatment water s of the Municipal Waste Waste s of the Municipal l agency for disposal as per l agency ower Generators will be the proposed civil enclave. enclave. civil the proposed ating waste oil and oil oil and ating waste . Solid waste generated from generated waste . Solid . It helps sold to authorized recyclers as as recyclers sold to authorized placed at strategic locations in at strategic locations placed d by the ICAO during operation by the ICAO during operation d , which , which is 16 rge standards. s etc will be etc s will be will be by preventive mainten preventive by

complied. Proper traffic management plan is plan is traffic management Proper complied.

Waste Management Rules, 2016 Rules, Management Waste proposed civil enclave is proposed civil enclave proposed civil enclave. It is proposed Enclave at PradeshAgra Airport, Uttar and handed over to externa Solid containers and hired for disposal of solid wastes is disposing solid solid disposing is wastes solid disposal of for hired as per the provision waste Rule, 20 Management Natural Gas Operated P vehicular emissions from vehicular will be containers. Used lubric contaminated cloth prepared to ensue that there is no traffic congestion at at traffic congestion is no there that ensue prepared to enclave civil proposed collection bins tanks. Collection of waste tanks. Collection of waste Plant Treatment (STP). Regular in Sewage water waste trea testing and analysis of STP and effectiveness of operation ensure compliance of discha Management Measures Measures Management made for been Enclave. Provision has proposed Civil through harvesting rain water solid wa day Approx 600 kg per Enclave proposed Civil All standards prescribe of aircraft per UPPCB guidelines. guidelines. per UPPCB the the

Environmental Environmental Aspect/Issue Soil Noise Pollution

S. No. O. 3 O. 4

EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited

10-47 10-47 AAI AAI AAI Monitoring Monitoring nagement Plan Plan nagement Supervision/ Supervision/ EMC of EMC of EMC of EMC of Responsibility Responsibility Agency Agency Construction Construction Airport Operator Airport Operator Airport Operator Airport Operator Environmental Ma Environmental and and area for area star BEE BEE star ges will be retro ges will be retro re as per UPPCB g the aircraft. Green Green the aircraft. g sound proof. Ground Ground proof. sound . Monitoring of ambient of . Monitoring ambient ll be carried out as per as per ll be carried out is is provided. Solar passive passive Solar provided. designated parking area area parking designated trical equipments will be be trical equipments will ting on/ off control system system on/ off control ting undary at the proposed civil civil undary at the proposed deployed to guide the vehicles guide the vehicles to deployed will be be will will be well marked, signalled be signalled well will marked, installed for minimization of energy of energy for minimization installed used instead of GLS lamps. Energy Energy of GLS lamps. used instead based Building Management System System Management Building based - and warning signa and warning earplug while attendin earplug while

will be used for terminal building, building, terminal for be used will the proposed Civil Enclave. Enclave. Civil the proposed s will also be act as barrier for noise for act as barrier

will be

will be provided in the proposed civil enclave the proposed civil in provided

Enclave at PradeshAgra Airport, Uttar energy efficiency rating elec rating energy efficiency at installed and stop vehicles vehicles and stop reflective type provided, clearly visible in the night. the night. clearly visible in type provided, reflective Marshals techniques techniques informatory optimum utilization of energy. of energy. optimum utilization air quality/ source emission wi emission source air quality/ monitoring plan. efficient HVAC system system HVAC efficient staff wear guidelines. Terminal building guidelines. Terminal building Management Measures Measures Management acoustic enclosu provided with LED glass. & material building Efficient Use of Energy lamps Microprocessor Landscaping/ greenery will be developed at the civil enclave. proposed at be parked will All vehicles crossings Road only. belt, landscaping and bo belt, landscaping and enclave (BMS) consumption. Automatic ligh consumption. Automatic will be

Environmental Environmental Aspect/Issue Energy Conservation Terrestrial Ecology Traffic Management

7 S. No. O. 5 O. 6 O.

EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited

10-48 10-48 AAI Monitoring Monitoring nagement Plan Plan nagement Supervision/ Supervision/ EMC of EMC of Responsibility Responsibility Agency Agency Construction Construction Airport Operator Airport Operator Environmental Ma Environmental

. Pre- provided to provided will be ear muff and ear plug, plug, ear muff and grounded, well insulated insulated grounded, well

codes. Employees will be be will Employees codes. conducted for personnel will be will be will be at the proposed civil enclave proposed the at

Enclave at PradeshAgra Airport, Uttar ground staffs potentially exposed to high noise areas. noise areas. high to exposed potentially and conform to applicable to and conform ear and eye boots, safety hats, hard with provided as appropriate. gloves, snug fitting protection and employment and periodic audiometric medical medical audiometric employment and periodic examinations Management Measures Measures Management Electrical equipment Necessary control measure like General Safety Measures Measures Safety General Measures Health General tape high visible vest with refractive

Environmental Environmental Aspect/Issue Hazards Occupational and Safety

S. No. O. 8

EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Environmental Management Plan

10.3.3Grievance Redressal Mechanism

In order to ensure that grievances and complaints by local people on any aspect of the environmental and social impacts during construction and operation phases of the proposed project will be addressed in a timely and satisfactory manner and that all possible avenues will be available to resolve their grievances (if any), mechanisms for Grievances Redressal will be setup. Environmental Management Cell will also work as Grievances Redressal Cell (GRC).

Any complaint received from local area regarding environmental and social issues will be forwarded to General Manager (EMC), who will promptly take decision and give instructions to implement necessary measures to resolve the complaints or grievances. To ensure effectiveness of mitigation measures monitoring will be done regularly.

10.3.4Reporting and Monitoring System

Reporting system provides the necessary feedback for project management to ensure quality of the work and that the programs are on schedule. The rationale for a reporting system is based on accountability to ensure that the mitigation measures proposed as part of the Environmental Management and Action Plan gets implemented during construction and operation phase of the proposed Civil Enclave.

The reporting system will operate linearly with the contractor who is at the lowest step of the implementation system to the project management and will report to AAI.

The monitoring and evaluation are critical activities in implementation of the project. Environmental monitoring involves periodic checking to ascertain whether activities are going according to the plans. It provides necessary feedback for management to keep the program on schedules.

For the project all reporting by the contractor will be on weekly basis. The AAI environmental cell will be responsible for preparing targets for each of the identified EMAP activities.

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 10-49 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Environmental Management Plan

The compliance monitoring and the progress reports on environmental components may be clubbed together and submitted to the AAI monthly during the each phase of implementation period. At the end of implementation, monthly progress report on environmental issues may be discontinued.

During the construction period, a compliance report may include description of the items of EMAP, which were not complied by any of the responsible agencies. It would also report the management and field actions taken to enforce compliance. It may however, be noted that certain items of the EMAP might not be possibly complied with in the field due to a variety of reasons. The intention of the compliance report is not to suppress these issues but to bring out the circumstances and reasons for which compliance was not possible. This would help in rationalizing the implementation of the EMAP during the remaining duration of implementation. Solutions for further effective implementation should also come out as a result of the compliance monitoring reports.

Photographic records will also be established to provide useful environmental monitoring tools. A full record will be kept as part of normal contract monitoring. Reporting and Monitoring Systems for various stages of construction and related activities will be proposed to ensure timely and effective implementation of the EMAP.

The reporting by the contractor will be a monthly report like report of progress on construction and will form basis for monitoring.

 Monitoring of facilities at construction camps  Monitoring of air, noise, soil and water parameters  Monitoring of survival of plantation  Monitoring of cleaning of drains

10.4 Corporate Environmental Responsibility Initiatives

Under Corporate Environmental Responsibility (CER) as specified under Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MOEFCC) Office Memorandum vide F.NO. 22-65/2017-IA-III dated 1st May 2018, AAI has allocated budget of Rs 4.5

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 10-50 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Environmental Management Plan

Crores (1.5 % of total project cost for green field) for Corporate Environmental Responsibility Initiatives for surrounding areas of the proposed Civil Enclave. The proposed activities under CER will be undertaken in consultation District Collector.

Sr. CER Activities Target Year Approx. Amount No. (Rs. Lakhs ) 1. Skill Development Program In 2018-2019 25 Kalyanpur, Balhera, Dhanauli and Abhaypura Villages 2. Road Side Plantation Along Jagner- 2019-2020 30 Kagron Road in Consultation with Forest Department 3. Solar Lighting In Village Kalyanpur, 2019-2020 90 Balhera, Dhanauli and Abhaypura Villages 5. Computers and Digital class rooms 2021-2022 80 for Schools in In Kalyanpur, Balhera, Dhanauli and Abhaypura Villages 6. Solid Waste Collection Pit in 2022-2023 80 Kalyanpur, Balhera, Dhanauli and Abhaypura Villages in consultation in with Agra Municipal Corporation 7. Community Toilets in Kalyanpur, 2022-2023 120 Balhera, Dhanauli and Abhaypura Villages Total 425 Above Corporate Environmental Responsibility Initiatives works will be undertaken in consultation with District Collector. Therefore, Corporate Environmental Responsibility Initiatives activities may be changed as desired by District Collector and local people’s needs and priority at that time.

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 10-51 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Environmental Management Plan

10.5 Budget for Environmental Management and Monitoring Plan

The budget for implementation of mitigation measures and environmental management plan to mitigate the potential adverse impacts during the construction and post construction phase is summarized in Table 10.9. Total budget of Rs 1.48 Crores has been kept for implementation of environmental management plan during construction and operation phases of the proposed Civil Enclave. Estimated budget for environmental monitoring plan is given in Table 6.3 in Chapter 6. Total budget of Rs 0.11 Crore (refer Chapter 6) has been kept for environmental monitoring during construction and operation phases. Therefore, total budget for implementation of EMP and environmental monitoring at the proposed Civil Enclave is estimated Rs 1.59 Crores.

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 10-52 0 0 0 5000 5000 50000 20000 50000 25000 40000 25000 50000 150000 300000 600000 200000 400000 300000 Annum (Rs) (Rs) Annum Recurring Cost per Cost per Recurring

10-53 (Rs) 50000 50000 10000 10000 20000 50000 80000 100000 200000 100000 500000 200000 200000 150000 3000000 4000000 4100000 2000000 Total Capital Cost Cost Total Capital

ental Management Plan

g of cements bags bags of cements g

Enclave Pradesh at Agra Airport, Uttar Items Items of with Sprinkling Dust Management Water Transporting, Covers for Vehicles Materials Construction for de-dustin Shed Facilities for Construction Sanitary Workers Oil & Grease Traps Management Storm Water Operation of STP Workers to Facilities soils top of Preservation Storage Yard Fuel Cement Flooring at from sites for collection of waste Bins segregation Waste collection and Harvesting Rainwater and muff Ear plugs and muff Ear plugs (PPE) Equipment Personal Protective up Medical Check and First Aide civil proposed Landscaping within enclave and Green Belt/plantation at Enclave the Civil

Stage Stage Construction Construction Operation Construction Construction Construction Operation Operation Construction Operation Construction Operation

Table 10.9: Budget for Implementation of Environmental Management Plan Components Components Air Water Construction Safety Soil Waste Management Noise Occupational Health & Safety Landscaping

EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Environm ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 2220000 22.2 Lakhs Lakhs 22.2 Annum (Rs) (Rs) Annum Recurring Cost per Cost per Recurring

10-54 (Rs) 14820000 Rs 1.48 Crores Crores Rs 1.48 Total Capital Cost Cost Total Capital

ental Management Plan

Enclave Pradesh at Agra Airport, Uttar Items Items Total Say

Stage Stage Components Components

EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Environm ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Summary and Conclusions

Chapter 11

SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS

11.1 Introduction

Agra is a city on the banks of the river Yamuna in the Northern State of Uttar Pradesh. Agra is a major tourist destination because of its many Mughal-era buildings, most notably the Taj Mahal, Agra Fort, Fatehpur Sikri, all three of which are UNESCO World Heritage Sites. Agra is included on Golden Triangle tourist Circuit, along with Delhi Jaipur, Uttar Pradesh Heritage Arc, tourist circuit of UP state, along with Lucknow the capital of the state and Varanasi. Agra Airport was established in 1947.

Airports Authority of India has proposed development of New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport near Agra Air force base to boost the tourist inflow in the city.

The Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEF&CC) has made prior environmental clearance (EC) for Airport projects mandatory through its notification issued on 14th September 2006 and as amended on 1st December 2009.

The proposal for grant of Terms of Reference (ToR) to the project ` Development of New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport (Uttar Pradesh) by M/s Airports Authority of India, was considered by the Expert Appraisal Committee (Infra-2) in its 30th meetings held on 18-20 April, 2018 and TOR was finalized vide letter no. F.No.10- 27/2018-1A-III dated 17th May, 2018. EIA report has been prepared as per TOR approved by Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change.

11.2 Description of Project

11.2.1Importance and Benefits of the Proposed Civil Enclave

As air passengers at Agra Airport are increasing continuously. Therefore, there is urgent need to construct the proposed Civil Enclave outside and adjacent to Airforce Base at Agra for operation of airport facilities outside Indian Airforce Base.

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 11-1 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Summary and Conclusions

The direct and indirect benefits of the proposed Civil Enclave at Agra are as follows:

Batter infrastructure facilities for passenger Promotion of tourism especially in Agra, Increase in regional economy as it will boost tourism, trade and commercial activities in the region. Generation of more revenue to the state, hence more development of the region. Boost in religious tourism and more people to travel in the state Employment opportunity to people. More business and industrial opportunities

11.2.2Broad Scope for Proposed Civil Enclave

Airports Authority of India has planned for development of new Civil Enclave at Agra for Construction of Apron of park 04 Nos A 321 types of aircraft with provision of parking Code ‘E’ types of aircraft with MARS configuration, link taxi track, terminal building for 700 passengers (500 Domestic and 200 International) as per IMG norms and Multilevel Car Park (MPCP) for 350 cars, surface parking for 20 VIP cars and 05 buses. As per CPMS forecast the Peak Hour Passengers (PHP) is 700 Pax (500 Domestic and 200 international) as international chartered flights are also operating from Agra Airport.

An area of 2200 sqm has been kept for retail / commercial outlets / retiring rooms and airlines offices. Link taxiway to connect Civil Enclave will be 650 m x 23 m with 10.5 m wide shoulders. The Apron will be of dimension 155.5 m x 139.5 m, suitable for the parking of 04 nos. of A-321 type of aircraft with the provision of parking Code E type of Aircraft with MARS configuration in power -In /Push-Back configuration with the 10.5 m wide shoulders all around the apron. Provision of GSE area of dimension 42 m x 84 m also made in the layout plan. At the civil enclave, Multilevel Car Park (MPCP) will be constructed for 350 cars, surface parking for 20 VIP cars and 05 buses.

It is proposed that all works necessarily will achieve 4 stars GRIHA Rating.

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 11-2 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Summary and Conclusions

Land for Proposed Civil Enclave - For proposed civil enclave, total 49.8 Acres land has been transferred to Airports Authority of India by State Government of Uttar Pradesh. The current land use of the site land is agriculture and fellow land and same will be permanently changed for development of civil enclave. The land for the proposed civil enclave is free from all encumbrances.

Total power requirement is estimated as 450 kW for the proposed terminal building and other facilities at the proposed civil enclave at Agra. During operation phase, One natural gas based power generator of 500 kVA capacity and one standby fitted with acoustic enclosure will be installed for power generation during grid power failure.

HVAC System requirement at the proposed terminal building of the proposed civil enclave is estimated as 400 TR.

Total water requirement is estimated as 387 Kl per day. Water requirement will be met through tube well which will be drilled at the site after obtaining necessary permission from competent Authority. From the proposed Civil Enclave, 272 kld sewage will be generated, which will be treated in MBBR based sewage treatment plant of 300 kld capacity. The water requirement for landscaping will be met through reuse of treated waste water from STP. There will be zero discharge of treated waste water outside the proposed civil enclave.

Approx 600 kg per day solid wastes comprising paper, plastic, etc. will be generated from the proposed Civil Enclave, which will be disposed as per Solid Waste Management Rule 2016.

The estimated cost of the proposed civil enclave at Agra is Rs. 300 Crores.

11.3 DESCRIPTION OF ENVIRONMENT

Topography and Physiography: Physiographically, the study area is almost an open plain with slight undulation along the Yamuna River and located in in Indo Gangetic plain. Slopes in the area are generally from the South - West to the North -east. Yamuna is perennial river in the study area, which is flowing in the study area. The ground elevation of the project site varies from 167 m to 169 m above mean sea level.. The site of the proposed civil enclave is not affected by floods.

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 11-3 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Summary and Conclusions

Geology: The study area arround the proposed civil enclave is structurally a part of the Gangetic plain, which has been formed by the in-filling of the Indo-Ganga through during the Pleistocene period.

Soil Characteristics: The soil of the study area consists of alluvial deposit dominated by sediment constituents. Soil in the area is deep and generally very fertile and possesses mostly loamy, sandy loam and clay loam in texture.

Water Resources: Yamuna river is flowing at distance of 9.5 km in north-east direction of the proposed civil enclave site.

Water Quality: Water quality of the study area meets desirable limit. Ground water resources in the study area were found fit for drinking purpose. The surface water quality of Yamuna rivers is not fit for drinking and require treatment of water for disinfection.

Micro Meteorology: The maximum ambient temperature recorded near the site during the study period was 45.2 ˚C, while minimum temperature was recorded as 11.8 ˚C. Maximum relative humidity recorded near site was 55.7 % while minimum humidity was recorded as 33.1%. During the study period, maximum wind speed recorded near the site was 6.2 kmph while minimum wind speed was recorded as 1.8 kmph. Mean wind speed during the study period recorded as 3.9 kmph. During the study period, predominant wind direction was recorded from NW sector towards SE sector.

Ambient Air Quality: Ambient air quality monitoring have been carried out at

eight locations during pre-monsoon season for PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NO2, NH3, O3,

C6H6, BaP, Pb, As, Ni and CO. National ambient air quality standards for industrial, residential, rural & other areas are met for all monitored parameters at all AAQM locations.

Noise Level: Noise measurements were carried out at 8 locations. Measured day and time Leq noise levels are within the limit stipulated for ambient noise standards.

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 11-4 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Summary and Conclusions

Biological Environment - There is no wildlife sanctuary, national park or other protected area within 10 km distance from the proposed Civil Enclave. Within 10 km radius area, no specie of flora and fauna has been categorized as rare, endangered and threatened (RET) species.

Protected Areas

The proposed Civil Enclave Site does not fall under any protected area. However, it is located in Taj Trapezium Zone (TTZ).

11.4 Anticipated Environmental Impacts & Mitigation Measures

Topography & Physiography : Topography of the area is plain. For construction of the proposed civil enclave at Agra, no significant cutting and filling of earth will be required.

Mitigation Measures

 Land clearing at the site will be kept to the absolute minimum practicable; and  Construction site would be designed to minimize filling of the earth.  Borrowing of earth if required will be ensured only from approved borrow area having valid environmental from District Level Environmental Impact Assessment Authority (DEIAA).

Land Use Pattern: For construction of the proposed civil enclave, total 49.8 Acres land is required, which has been transferred by State Govt. to AAI. The land use pattern of the 48.9 Acres land pattern is currently open land, which will be changed permanently, however this impact will be localized.

Mitigation Measures

 Land clearing for construction site will be kept to the absolutely minimum practicable; and  The filling and cutting of soil would be kept minimum;

Drainage Pattern: For construction of the proposed civil enclave at Agra, total 49.8Acres land will be used which is adjacent to existing Airforce Base. Proper

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 11-5 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Summary and Conclusions

slope and storm water management system will be provided at the site to maintain natural drainage and runoff movement at the site and surrounding areas.

Water Resources: Total water requirement at the proposed civil enclave is estimated as 387 kld, which will be met through bore well to be drilled after obtaining permission from the competent authority. Waste water generated from the proposed civil enclave will be treated in Sewage Treatment Plant (STP) and reused for flushing and greenery purposed.

Mitigation Measures

 Continuous efforts will be made to reduce water consumption using less water required cisterns ;  Water efficient urinal and toilets will be provided in proposed terminal building.  Efforts will be made to stop wastage and leakage of water;  Sewage and domestic waste water will be treated in Sewage Treatment Plant  Treated waste water will be used for greenery & landscaping at the proposed civil enclave.

Eligibility for Ground Water Abstract for Proposed Civil Enclave

The site for proposed civil enclave is located in Akola Assessment unit of District Agra as per CGWA (http://www.cgwa-noc.gov.in/ Sub/ CheckEligibility/ CheckEligibility.aspx). Ground water withdrawal is allowed for infrastructure project in the area. Environmental clearance/consents from UPPCB is prerequisite for online submission of application to CGWA. Prior permission will be obtained from Central Ground Water Authority (CGWA) for proposed tube wells for withdrawal of ground water. Application for CGWA will be submission on obtaining Environmental Clearance for proposed Civil Enclave at Agra.

Water Quality: Total estimated wastewater generation during the operation phase is 272 kld, which will be treated in Sewage Treatment Plant (STP). After treatment, treated wastewater will be reused for horticulture purposes. No wastewater will be discharged outside the proposed civil enclave premises.

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 11-6 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Summary and Conclusions

Mitigation Measures

 Collection of waste water and treatment of waste water in Sewage Treatment Plant (STP);  Avoid spillage of fuel and lube oil and storing them on concrete floor.  Regular testing and analysis of treated waste water from STP to ensure effectiveness of STP and compliance of discharge standards.

Soils: Approx 600 kg per day solid wastes will be generated during operation of the proposed civil enclave, which will be collected, segregated and managed by external agency for disposal as per Solid Waste Management Rule, 2016. Hence, the impact on the soil will be insignificant as an organized solid waste collection and disposal practices will be followed the proposed Civil Enclave.

Mitigation Measures

 Municipal solid waste collection bins will be placed at strategic locations in the proposed civil enclave;  Agency will be hired for disposal of solid wastes as per the provisions of the Solid Waste Management Rule, 2016;  Solid waste generated from the proposed civil enclave will be transported in close containers;  Used lubricating waste oil and oil contaminated clothes etc will be collected separately in containers and will be sold to authorized recyclers as per CPCB/UPPCB guidelines.

Ambient Air Quality: During the operational phase of the proposed civil enclave, sources of emissions will be from Aircraft during taxing and at apron, vehicular emissions from vehicles engaged in ground operations, vehicular emissions from vehicles coming for drop and pick up of passengers and stack emission from Natural Gas operated power generators operations during grid power failure.

Mitigation Measures

 Compliance of all standards prescribed by the ICAO during operation of aircrafts by preventive maintenance and monitoring;

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 11-7 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Summary and Conclusions

 Stack heights of Natural Gas operated power generators will be as per the CPCB guidelines;  Proper traffic management plan will be prepared to ensue that there is no traffic congestion in front of proposed terminal building. It will help in reduction of vehicular emissions from the proposed civil enclave.  Ground vehicles at the proposed civil enclave will be maintained and will have a “Pollution Under Control” certificate;  Development of greenery and landscaping at the civil enclave for improving ambient air quality.  Monitoring of ambient air quality/ source emissions will be carried out as per monitoring plan.

Noise Levels: During operation phase of the proposed civil enclave, landing, take- off and taxing of various types of aircrafts are major sources of air emissions. Aircraft noise modelling has been carried out using integrated noise model for the proposed civil enclave.

The noise levels from 65-85 dB(A) will be confined within the boundary of the proposed Civil Enclave. The noise levels of 55 dB(A) cross the boundary and affect 1.7 km2 of area out side boundary of Civil Enclave. The noise levels of 50 dB(A) cross the boundary and affect 2.6 km2 of area out side the boundary of Civil Enclave. The background noise levels range from 52.1-54.6 dB(A) at nearby villages/settlements which are located 0.37 km to 4.21 km from boundary of the proposed Civil Enclave. The impact of noise levels due to the operation of the proposed Civil Enclave within permissible levels. Further, noise mitigation measures to be implemented at and around the proposed Civil Enclave will further reduce the noise levels in nearby settlements.

Mitigation Measures

 The compliance of all standards prescribed by the ICAO during operation of aircrafts by preventive maintenance and monitoring,  Proper traffic management will be prepared to ensue that there is no traffic congestion at the proposed civil enclave. It will help in reduction of vehicular noise emissions from the proposed civil enclave,  Natural gas operated power generators will be provided with acoustic enclosure as per CPCB guidelines,  Terminal building will be sound proof,

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 11-8 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Summary and Conclusions

 Ground staff will wears earplug while attending the aircraft,  Green belt, landscaping and boundary at the proposed civil enclave will act as barrier for noise;  Monitoring of ambient air quality/source emission will be carried out as per monitoring plan.

Terrestrial Ecology: For proposed civil enclave, 12 trees are likely to be felled after obtaining permission from the local authority. Greenery and landscaping will be developed on 44117 sqm area at the proposed civil enclave. For irrigation of green belt, treated waste water from STP will be available and used. This will be positive and long term beneficial impact on terrestrial ecology of the area.

Mitigation Measures

 AAI has planned to plant 3500 plant saplings at the proposed civil enclave. It is proposed that landscaping and green belt will be developed on 44117 sqm around open space of the proposed civil enclave.  Indigenous species of trees will be planted for green belt and landscaping.

Mitigation Measures for TTZ

The proposed civil enclave site is located in TTZ area. Therefore, after obtaining environmental clearance, permission will be obtained from TTZ Authority also.

For power back up at the proposed Civil Enclave at Agra, Natural gas operated 2 power generator sets of 500 kVA capacities each will be available, which will be sufficient during operation of proposed terminal building and other associated facilities. Natural gas will be stored in Cylinder Cascades.

Socio-Economic Environment: The proposed civil enclave will open direct and indirect job opportunities in the area and region. Further, it will attract more and more pilgrims, tourist, trade, commercial and developmental activities in the area. Therefore, positive impacts are anticipated on socio-economic environment during construction and operation phase of the proposed civil enclave.

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 11-9 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Summary and Conclusions

11.5 Analysis of Alternatives

During design and construction of the proposed civil enclave, alternatives for energy conservation, GRIHA Rating 4 star terminal building, energy efficient material for terminal building, reuse of treated waste water from STP, green belt and landscaping on 44117 sqm area have been analyzed and adopted in design.

11.6 Environmental Monitoring Plan

To ensure the effective implementation of the mitigation measures and environmental management plan for the proposed civil enclave, environmental monitoring plan have been prepared for ambient air quality, water quality, soil characteristics and noise monitoring.

Suitable mitigation measures will be taken in case of monitored parameters are exceeding the stipulated limits. The estimated budget of Rs 0.11 Crores has been kept for environmental monitoring during construction and operation phases of the proposed civil enclave.

11.7 Risk Assessment & Disaster Management Plan

Hazard occurrence at the proposed civil enclave may result in on-site implications, like, fire at the Natural Cascade for Natural gas operated power generators followed by fire, bomb threat at terminal building, cargo terminal & aircraft and natural calamities like, earthquake, flood, etc. Other incidents, which can also result in a disaster at the proposed civil enclave are agitation/forced entry by external group of people, sabotage, air raids; and aircraft crash while landing or take-off.

Disaster management plan has been prepared comprising key functions of the proposed civil enclave, other supporting organizations/agencies/services for response during emergency at the proposed civil enclave.

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 11-10 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Summary and Conclusions

11.8 Project Benefits

The direct and indirect benefits of the construction of the proposed civil enclave are as follows:

Direct Benefits

Batter infrastructure facilities for passenger Promotion of tourism in Agra, Mathura etc, Increase in regional economy as it will boost tourism and commercial activities in the region. Generation of more revenue to the state, hence more development of the region.

Macro Level Benefits

Boost in religious tourism and more people to travel in the state Employment opportunity to people. More business and industrial opportunities

11.9 Environmental Management Plan

The Airports Authority of India will be responsible for the implementation of mitigation measures identified in Environmental Management Plan (EMP) for construction and operation phases of the proposed civil enclave. There will be Environmental Management Cell (EMC) at the proposed civil enclave to look after day to day basis implementation of mitigation measures for construction and operation phases.

An Environmental Management Cell (EMC) will be headed by Assistant General Manager supported by adequate number of personnel having sufficient educational and professional qualification and experience to discharge responsibilities related to environmental management including statutory compliance, pollution prevention, environmental monitoring, preventive maintenance of pollution control equipment and green belt development & maintenance.

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 11-11 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Summary and Conclusions

Environmental Management cell will implement and review the compliance of the stipulated conditions specified in Environmental Clearance and Consent for Establish. The cell will be responsible to obtain Consent for Operate under Water Act and Air Act from UPPCB.

In order to ensure that grievances and complaints by local people on any aspect of the environmental and social impacts during construction and operation phases of the proposed civil enclave will be addressed in a timely and satisfactory manner and that all possible avenues will be available to resolve their grievances (if any), mechanisms for Grievances Redressal will be setup. Environmental Management Cell will also work as Grievances Redressal Cell (GRC).

11.9.1Budget for Environmental Management and Monitoring Plan

The budget for implementation of mitigation measures and environmental management plan has been kept as Rs 1.48 Crores for the proposed Civil Enclave.

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 11-12 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Disclosure of Consultant Engaged

CHAPTER 12

DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANTS ENGAGED

12.1 Disclosure of Consultant Engaged

Airport Authority of India entrusted, M/s ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited, for carrying out EIA/EMP studies for the Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport (Uttar Pradesh).

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited, an ISO 9001, ISO 14001 & OHSAS 18001 Certified Company and NABET (QCI) Accredited Environmental Consultancy Organization. The office of ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited is located at Chennai as per details given below:

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited #400, 13th Street, SIDCO Industrial Estate (North Phase), Ambattur, Chennai – 600098

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited is accredited by NABET (QCI) in the following Sectors: Sector Sector Name Category Number 1. Mining of minerals (Opencast only) A (i) Mining (Open cast and Underground) B 3 Irrigation projects only A 4 Thermal Power Plant A 8 Metallurgical industries (sec. ferrous only) B 9 Cement Plants A 10 Petroleum refining industry A 15 Leather/skin/hide processing industry A 21 Synthetic organic chemicals industry (dyes & dye A intermediates; bulk drugs and intermediates excluding drug formulations; synthetic rubbers; basic organic chemicals, other synthetic organic chemicals and chemical intermediates) 22 Distilleries A

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 12-1 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Disclosure of Consultant Engaged

Sector Sector Name Category Number 24 Pulp & paper industry excluding manufacturing of B paper from wastepaper and manufacture of paper from ready pulp without bleaching

28 Isolated storage & handling of hazardous chemicals B (As per threshold planning quantity indicated in column 3 of Schedule 2 & 3 of MSIHC Rules 1989 amended 2000) 29 Airports A 31 Industrial estates/ parks/ complexes/ B Areas, export processing zones(EPZs), Special economic zones (SEZs), Biotech parks, Leather complexes 33 Ports, harbours, jetties, marine terminals, break A waters and dredging 34 Highways, Railways, transport terminals, mass rapid A transport systems 36 Common effluent treatment plants (CETPs) B 37 Common municipal solid waste management facility B (CMSWMF) 38 Building and large construction projects including B shopping malls, multiplexes, commercial complexes, housing estates, hospitals, institutions 39 Townships and Area development Projects B

12.2 Expertise of ABC Techno Lab India Private Limited

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited is the first firm to be accredited by NABET (National Accreditation Board for Education and Training), Quality Council of India, as an EIA Consultant. We are equipped with in-house, spacious laboratory, accredited by NABL (National Accreditation Board for Testing & Calibration Laboratories), Department of Science & Technology, Government of India. Since establishment our focus is on sustainable development of Industry and Environment based on sound engineering practices, innovation, quality, R&D and most important is satisfying customers need. The company has successfully completed more than 100’s projects of variety of industries, in the field of pollution control. We are also dealing in the projects of waste

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 12-2 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Disclosure of Consultant Engaged

minimization and cleaner production technology. Our team of technocrats and scientists are well experienced to deal with the Designing, Manufacturing, Fabrication, Installation and Commissioning of Effluent/Wastewater Treatment Plants, Sewage Treatment Plants, Combined Treatment Plants.

We are having a well experienced team of Scientists & Engineers who are looking after our well-equipped analytical laboratory with a facility including analysis of physical, chemical and biological parameters as per the requirements of the State Pollution Control Board and our clients.

12.3 NABET Accredited Environmental Experts Team for EIA Study

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited carried out EIA studies for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport (Uttar Pradesh). The multidisciplinary team comprising NABET accredited experts in the field of land use, air pollution control, air quality modeling & meteorology, water pollution control, ecology & bio diversity, noise/ vibration, socio economy, hydrology, geology, soil conservation, risks & hazard and solid & hazardous wastes management were deployed as team to carried out EIA studies for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport (Uttar Pradesh). Details of team members with their role and responsibility are given in Table 12.1.

Table 12.1: NABET Accredited Team for EIA Study S. No. EIA Coordinator / FAE Name of the Expert/s

I. EIA Coordinator Mr. Vinod K. Gautam

II. Functional Areas

1. AP* Mrs. Vijayalakshmi

2. WP* Dr. R.K. Jayaseelan

3. SHW* Mr. Vinod K. Gautam

4. SE* Mr. Sushil U. Meshram

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 12-3 EIA for Development of Proposed New Civil Enclave at Agra Airport, Uttar Pradesh Disclosure of Consultant Engaged

S. No. EIA Coordinator / FAE Name of the Expert/s

5. EB* Mr. Abhik Saha

6. HG* Dr. R.K. Jayaseelan

7. SC* Mr. Sameer Despande

8. AQ* Mr. Vinod K. Gautam

9. NV* Ms. Vijayalakshmi

10. LU* Mr. J Srinivas Rao

11. RH* Mr. Vinod K. Gautam

ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited 12-4