9I 5 (O 2? Form 991 -EZ (20081 Page 2 Statement of Prog Ram Service Accom Plishments (See the Instructions for Part Lll

Short Form OMB No 1545'11'5\ Return of Organization Exempt From Income Tax Form 990^EZ Under section 501(c), 527, or 4947(a)(1) of the Internal Revenue Code 2008 (except black lung benefit trust or private foundation) Sponsonng organizations of donor advised funds and controlling organizations as defied^tn section 512(b)(13)► must fife Form 990 All other organlzabons with gross receipts less than $1,000,0 form Department of the Treasury assets less than $2,500,000 at the end of the year may use this Internal Revenue Service 11110. The organization may have to use a copy of this return to satisfy state reporting req e A For the 2008 calendar year, or tax year beginning C7' u / - , 2008, and ending ?t/,ve 3e' , 20 4t B Check if applicable Please C Name of organization ^/1Lt1,V lj Ltd C e4t 4L-1j D Employer identification number q Address change use IRS label or 5 q Name change punt or mber and street (or P O box, if mail is not delivered to street addressi Ro q Initial return type. `^S 1 . b( (f ) 2 2 $ - 7 5•S. q Termination See • K % G// G c' Specific or own, state or count y, and ZIP 4 ft q Amended return c^ CItY -ry, F Group Exemption O q Application pending tlons. EW .='Lt T O .^ J C Wl (JyV Number eel ► • Section 501 (c)(3) organizations and 4947(a)(1) nonexempt charitable trusts must attach G Accounting method Cash q Accrual C4Z a completed Schedule A (Form 990 or 990-EZ). Other (specify) O ► I H Check ► CK if the organization is not Ild-1 I Website : ► L/ ed required to attach Schedule B (Form 990, J Organization type (check only one)- 501 (c) t Insert no ) q 4947(a)(1 ) or q 527 990-EZ, or 990-PF) K Check if the organization is not a section 509(a)(3) supporting organization and its gross receipts are normally not more than $25,000 A return is not required, but if the organization chooses to file a return, be sure to file a complete return L Add lines 5b, 6b, and 7b, to line 9 to determine gross receipts, if $1,000,000 or more, file Form 990 instead of Form 990-EZ ► $ U Revenue, Expenses, and Changes in Net Assets or Fund Balances (See the instruct ions for Part I. 1 Contributions , gifts , grants , and similar amounts received...... 1 00• 2 Program service revenue including government fees and contracts ...... 2 - v' ILA vl 3 Membership dues and assessments \ ...... 3 -2 7 e4 J 4 Investment income ...... `...... 4 a r--- 5a Gross amount from sale of assets other than inventory . . . . . 5a cj. b Less: cost or other basis and sales expenses ...... 5b cj , - Id c Gain or (loss) from sale of assets other than inventory (Subtract line 5b from line 5a) (attach schedule) . 5c ` q 6 Special events and activities (complete applicable parts of Schedule G) If any amount is from gaming, check here ► , a ('rocs revenue (not including $ 14'^' of contributions ri^ ¢ ported on line 1) 6a ayi'.^. s b '•.ess' direct expenses other than fundraising expenses . . . . . 6b •/I, fl c , :pt income or (loss) from special events and activities (Subtract line 6b from line 6a) . . 6c ,3 3 3. 34 7a G ross sal es of i nventory, l ess returns an d allowances . . . 7a b Less cost of goods sold ...... 7b -°-- --- c Gross profit or (loss) from sales of inventory (Subtract line 7b from line 7a) ...... 7c ^--' C' 7 eit A4--l4t ) 8 8 Other revenue (describe ► G c. " 9 Total revenue . Add lines 1, 2, 3, 4, 5c, 6c, 7c, and 8. . ► 9 rJ 'e C' 10 Grants and similar amounts paid (attach schedule) . 3,`. -. IX S's! i/'s. . . . . 10 11 Benefits paid to or for members ...... 11 iu 12 Salaries , other compensation , and employee benefits ...... 12 C 13 Professional fees and other payments to independent contractors ...... 13 e) Q 14 Occupancy , rent , utilities , and maintenance 14 W 15 Printing , publications , postage , and shipping ...... 15 fTSO 16 Other expenses (describe ► ) 16 17 Total expenses . Add lines 10 throug h 16 . ► 17 0 18 Excess or (deficit) for the year (Subtract line 17 from line 9) ...... 18 3'/ vi 19 Net assets or fund balances at beginning of year (from line 27, column (A)) (must agree with -- (n end-of-year figure reported on prior year's return) ...... 19 'r'3 d 20 Other changes in net assets or fund balances (attach explanation) , ...... 20 -,V Z 21 Net assets or fund balances at end of year Combine lines 18 through 20 . . ► 21 F-YM Balance Sheets . If Total assets on line 25, column (B) are $2,500,000 or more, file Form 990 instead of Form 990-EZ (See the instructions for Part II) (A) Beginni ng of year (B) End of year 22 Cash , savings , and investments . . . . . 213 -4--53 22 1/.. 23 23 Land and buildings ...... ) --- o 24 - - ^----- 24 Other assets (describe ► 25 Total assets ...... `. 1r5-3 25 3'/ / O --" 26 26 Total liabilities (describe ► 27 Net assets or fund balances (line 27 of column (B) must agree with line 21 ) 33, S,? 27 For Privacy Act and Paperwork Reduction Act Notice, see the Instruction for Form 990. Cat' No 106421 Form 9O-EZJ(2008) 9I 5 (o 2?_ Form 991 -EZ (20081 Page 2 Statement of Prog ram Service Accom plishments (See the instructions for Part lll. Expenses (Required for 501 SEE X / ^3 / r .2 aniz (c)(3) What is the organization's primary exem pt purpose? E and (4) or ations bescribe what was achieved in carrying out the organization's exempt purposes. In a clear and concise manner, and 4947(a^(1) trusts, describe the services provided, the number of persons benefited, or other relevant information for each program title. optional for others ) 28 ------q Grants $ If this amou nt includes forei g n g rants , check here ► 28a 29 ------q Grants If this amount includes foreig n grants , check here ► 29a 30 ------q Grants $ If this amount includes foreign grants , check here ► 30a 31 Other program services (attach schedule) ...... q (Grants $ If this amount includes foreig n grants , check here ► 31a 32 Total program service expenses (add lines 28a through 31 a) . ► 32 List of Officers , Directors , Trustees, and Key Employees. List each one even if not compensated (See the instructions for Part IV ) (b) Title and average (c) Compensation (d) Contributions to (e) Expense (a) Name and address hours per week ( tf not paid, mployee benefit plans & account and devoted to position enter -0-.) deferred compensation other allowances 5 EX_^z%%'qL------

------

Form 990-EZ (2008) Form 990-EZ (2008) Page 3 Other Information (Note the statement requirements in the instructions for Part VI.) Yes No 33 Did the organization engage in any activity not previously reported to the IRS? If "Yes," attach a detailed description of each activity ...... 33 34 Were any changes made to the organizing or governing documents but not reported to the IRS? If "Yes," attach a conformed copy of the changes ...... 34' 35 If the organization had income from business activities, such as those reported on lines 2, 6a, and 7a (among others), but not reported on Form 990-T, attach a statement explaining your reason for not reporting the income on Form 990-T. a Did the organization have unrelated business gross income of $1,000 or more or section 6033(e) notice, reporting, and proxy tax requirements? ...... 35a b If "Yes," has it filed a tax return on Form 990-T for this year? ...... 35b 36 Was there a liquidation, dissolution, termination, or substantial contraction during the year? If "Yes," complete applicable parts of Schedule N ...... 36 37a 37a Enter amount of political expenditures, direct or indirect, as described in the instructions. ► b Did the organization file Form 1120-POL for this year? ...... 37b 38a Did the organization borrow from, or make any loans to, any officer, director, trustee, or key employee or were any such loans made in a prior year and still unpaid at the start of the period covered by this return? 38a b If "Yes," complete Schedule L, Part II and enter the total amount involved . 38b 39 Section 501(c)(7) organizations. Enter: a Initiation fees and capital contributions included on line 9 ...... 39a b Gross receipts, included on line 9, for public use of club facilities ...... 39b 40a Section 501(c)(3) organizations. Enter amount of tax imposed on the organization during the year under: section 4911 ► ; section 4912 ► ; section 4955 ► b Section 501(c)(3) and (4) organizations. Did the organization engage in any section 4958 excess benefit transaction during the year or did it become aware of an excess benefit transaction from a prior year? If "Yes," complete Schedule L, Part I ...... 40b c Enter amount of tax imposed on organization managers or disqualified persons during the year under sections 4912, 4955, and 4958 ...... ► - d Enter amount of tax on line 40c reimbursed by the organization ...... ► e All organizations. At any time during the tax year, was the organization a party to a prohibited tax shelter transaction? If "Yes," complete Form 8886-T. . . . . 40e 41 List the states with which a copy of this return is filed. ► "^ l4 Telephone no. 5L 1^t $ ^- j^:s 42a The books are in care of ► ------► Located at /^uci< --.!c.d--.ti--C-'` '^1 Sf /^/ J' ZIP + 4 :z 3 ► ul ------► b At any time during the calendar year, did the organization have an interest in or a signature or other authority over a financial account in a foreign country (such as a bank account, securities account, or other financial Yes No account)? ...... / , . , . . . , . , , 42b If "Yes," enter the name of the foreign country: ► ^! - See the instructions for exceptions and filing requirements for Form TD F 90-22.1, Report of Foreign Bank and Financial Accounts. c At any time during the calendar year, did the organization maintain an office outside of the U.S.? . 42c If "Yes," enter the name of the foreign country: No. IV//-;, 43 Section 4947(a)(1) nonexempt charitable trusts filing Form 990-EZ in lieu of Form 1041 -Check here . . . . ► El and enter the amount of tax-exempt interest received or accrued during the tax year . . . . . ► l 4' Yes No 44 Did the organization maintain any donor advised funds? If "Yes," Form 990 must be completed instead of Form 990-EZ ...... 44 ..` 45 Is any related organization a controlled entity of the organization within the meaning of section 512(b)(13)? If "Yes, " Form 990 must be com pleted instead of Form 990-EZ 45 Form 990-EZ (2008) Form 990-EZ (2008) Page 4 Section 501(c)(3) organizations only. All section 501(c)(3) organizations must answer questions 46-49 and complete the tables for lines 50 and 51. 46 Did the organization engage in direct or indirect political campaign activities on behalf of or in opposition to Yes No candidates for public office? If "Yes," complete Schedule C, Part I ...... 46 47 Did the organization engage in lobbying activities? If "Yes," complete Schedule C, Part II . . . . . 47 48 Is the organization operating a school as described in section 170(b)(1)(A)(ii)? If "Yes," complete Schedule E 48 49a Did the organization make any transfers to an exempt non-charitable related organization ? . . . . . 49a b If "Yes," was the related organization(s) a section 527 organization? ...... 49b 50 Complete this table for the five highest compensated employees (other than officers, directors, trustees and key employees) who each received more than $100,000 of compensation from the organization. If there is none, enter "None."

(b) Title and average (c) Compensation (d) Contributions to (e) Expense (a) Name and address of each employee paid more hours per week employee benefit plans & account and than $100,000 devoted to position deferred compensation 'other allowances

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Total number of other employees paid over $100,000 ► 51 Complete this table for the five highest compensated independent contractors who each received more than $100,000 of compensation from the organization. If there is none, enter "None."

(a) Name and address of each independent contractor paid more than $100,000 1 (b) Type of service I (c) Compensation

------I Total number of other independent contractors each receiving ov Under penalties of ury. I declare that I have examined this retu and belief, it is correct , and complete . Decla n f prepare Sign Here ature of officer

SJ^/y cif L / e^i' c_ Type or print name and title

Paid Preparer's signature Preparer's Firm 's name (or yours Use Only if self-employed), address, and ZIP + 4 May the IRS discuss this return with the preparer shown above? SANCTA FAMILIA CO 11498 Officers -- 2009 - 2010 N/A Page 2 of 2 Blackwood , NJ 08012

Appointed Officers Name '.,. _ _, Address:' Email Chaplain Rev Robert E Hughes 226 Hurf ville Rd Sewell. NJ 08080-9417

Lecturer Domenick Renzi 31 Freedom Rd Sewell, NJ 08080-1725 Eig Ovoid:. SANCTA FAMILIA CO 11498 K N I G H T S Page 1 of 2 N/A Blackwood , NJ 08012 COLUMBUS IN'i,l ': ICi fl OIFL . 1t1 J'ittF IDN t-

Officers -- 2009 - 2010

t^tfica, . Name - „ . Address ;. .,. , + Telepho'_n_e-#'s,-' EmAil ;j`i Grand Knight Louis M Barnes 221 Forrest Dr LOUISBARNES@MSN COM Tumerswlle , NJ 08012-1416

Financial Secretary Samuel M Aloi 6 Buckingham Ct SAMUEL MM ALOI@IRS GOV Sewell , NJ 08080-3234

Deputy Grand Knight Terence C Mc Poyle 100 Massey Dr DONUTB383 @ MSN COM Sewell, NJ 08080-1843

Chancellor Gary R Smith 316 Michael Ter GKAESMITH@VERIZON NET Sewell , NJ 08080-9453

Recorder Dennis A Gaal 154 Stoneshire Dr Glassboro, NJ 08028-2955

Treasurer Jason S Branno 164 Elwood Ct Sewell, NJ 08080-1813

Advocate Charles J Lanzalotb 87 Goodwin Pkwy Sewell, NJ 08080-9444

Warden Robert J Starrantino 229 Claiborne Way STARMAN9 @COMCAST NET Sewell, NJ 08080-1650

Inside Guard Stephen J Piotrowski 602 Carol Ct STEVEPIETROWIKI3@AD NET Blackw8bd , NJ 08012-1432

Outside Guard Robert C Curry Jr 968 Kings Hwy Apt T14 West Deptford , NJ 08086-9311

One Year Trustee Edward V Kirk 93 Goodwin Pkwy KIRKOCDDCP@AOL COM Sewell , NJ 08080-9444

l we Year Trustee Roland S Atkinson In 279 Hurffville Grenloch Rd Sewell , NJ 08080-2637 ,

Three Year Trustee Eugene J Reinsel 19 Spring Mill Dr DD53@NJKOFC ORG Sewell, NJ 08080-2624 KrlLghts,of Columbus - Wikipedia. the free encyclopedia Page 1 of 17

2 Knights of Columbus

Front Wikipedia, the flee encyclopedia

The Knights of Columbus is the world's largest Knights of Columbus C'attiolic fraternal service organization . Founded in the United States in 1882, it is named in honor of Christopher Columbus.111

These are more than 1.8 million members in 15,000 councils, with nearly 200 councils on college campuses Membership is limited to "practical Catholic" men aged 18 or older. [2]

Councils have been chartered in the United States, Canada, Mexico, the Caribbean, Knights of Columbus Emblem Guatemala, Panama, Dominican Republic, the Philippines, Guam, Spain, Japan, Cuba, and most Abbreviation KofC recently in Poland. The Knights' official junior all organization, the Columbian Squires, has over Motto In service to one In service to 5,000 Circles. All the Order's ceremonials and Formation March 29, 1882 business meetings are restncted to members, though all other events are open to the public. A Type Catholic fraternal service prornise not to reveal any details of the Headquarters I Columbus Plaza, ceremonials except to an equally qualified Knight New Haven, Connecticut is required to ensure their impact and meaning for new members; an additional clause subordinates Supreme Carl A. Anderson the promise to that Knight's civil and religious Knight duties. Key people Michael J. McGivney In the 2009 fraternal year, the Order gave over ebsite www.kofc.org US$ 151 million directly to charity (over $1.367 W billion in charitable contributions in the last 10 (http //www kofc org/eb/en//index html) years) and performed over 69 million man hours of voluntary service. Over 413,000 pints of blood were collected. For their support for the Church and local communities, as well as for their philanthropic efforts, the Order often refers to itself as the "strong ^,t f*>,e [3] n- .,> ,-,,r t,,^ „ore than llglll U1111 V 1111. 1.. 11 U1 x.11 The OrdC s insurance prog toll 1luJ ll Vlv llaull W570V billion of life insurance policies in force, backed up by S 14 billion in assets, and holds the highest insurance ratings given by A. M Best, Standard! & Poor's, and the Insurance Marketplace Standards A ssoc ation.141

Contents

1 Hlstorv _' Of uuii.auoi • ; Degrees .and tilt nolp!ev

6 CI1aritable w"iiw Kati;hts ofColunmbus - Wlkipedla. the free encyclopedia Page2of 17

n 6 College councils n Columbian Squires n Ruses n 9 1 Emblem of the Order n the Order n gree Emblem n s of Columbus Protocol n I I Officers . olitical activities

n n I') Notable buildings n Famous Knights

n 5 1 Accusations of Racism n 15 2 Canada Hall Incident I nolclent n .3 College Council Recognition n ecognition

History

The Knights of Columbus was founded by an Irish-American Catholic priest, The Venerable Father Michael J. McGivney in New Haven, Connecticut. He gathered a group of men from St. Mary's parish for an organizational meeting on October 2, 1881 and the Order was incorporated under the laws of the U.S. state of Connecticut on March 29, 1882.15' Though the first councils were all in that state, the Order spread throughout New England and the United States in subsequent years.

The primary motivation for the Order was to be a mutual benefit society As a parish priest in an immigrant community. McGivney saw what could happen to a family when the breadwinner died, and wanted to provide insurance to care for the widow's and orphans left behind. He had had to temporarily ?^V: 11IS SeIIIIllurj t'ud.e5 t^ f"r 1::5 family Nyhan III-, father died I61 In the late 19th century. Catholics were regularly e\Cluded from labor unions and other organizations that Farhel Michael I i I The Vcnerable .1 pith ](-'ICU' Social ser\•iccs iii addltlon, C aiiit 1 cs '^^ e C c thcr rr,1cGi^ ney. tounder of the KniUtlt^ b,ii red b out iliam, of the popular fraternal organizations. or. as in Of rl,lumhuS thL' case o Freen1asonly. forbidden from oining by the Catholic Ilulcii It`c1if '^1cGitnev afished to nro%ide them in alternatt'.•e. He also lt. iii" e'.! that Carl'oEn'I:t11 '-rd fraternali ;m k ere not incompat ible and \: uhted to IbbuM-i a suciet; Ih it i u'rILt"tl,,ce tai Ii tl' ;,1. Ot,-,u,i Of thcii .^I„^i;l,:;l

fail'okk-Ii t,' Icdill about the iccCittl\ establi5hcd Catholi: Benevolent Leavuue, both oI ^'•hich oiler" .1e .,^_ „-It•^! .f H .., .:I..It:.._ _'^^ .1^ !: ,'ll" ^jit. :t•. I : :^1...:' .It'- - ^^` i•^ ' It') the c('c-rrt "( It if-file ', ol ilivle'. He . .ills ^ .ed ,'il li'f^lt-'^ Kniilits of Columbus - \Viklpedla. the ficc encyclopedia Page 3 of 17

establishing a New Haven Court of the Foresters, but the charter of Massachusetts Foresters prevented then ti-onl operating outside then- Commonwealth. The committee of St Mary's parishioners which NI cGivney had assembled then decided to form a club that was entuely original [91

Ni c:(,ivney had ori`_,inally conceived of the name "Sons of Columbus", but James T. Mullen. who would he c(nic the first Supreme Knight. successfully suggested that "Knights of Columbus" would better cap-)tue the ritualistic nature of the new organization h{ O> The Order was founded 10 ycais before the 400th anniversary of Columbus' arrival in the New World, and in a time of renewed interest in him Columbus was a hero to many American Catholics, and the naming him as patron was partly an attempt to 1andge the division between the Iiish-Catholi founders of the Order and Catholic Immigrants ofothel nationalities living in Connecticut

The C'onnrecitcur Catholic ran an editorial in 1878 that illustrated the esteem in which American Catholics held Columbus. "As American Catholics we do not know of anyone who more I 4 dc;Cr'vCS ^l'ui "rutC,^'ut ; tl an the greatl.,c., andaLG noble man - the pious, zealous , faithful Catholic, the enterprising navigator, and the large-hearted and generous sailor: Christopher Columbus "1{ 11

The name of Columbus was also partially intended as a mild rebuke to Anglo-Saxon Protestant leaders, who upheld the explorer (a Catholic Genovese Italian working for Catholic Spain) as an American hero, yet simultaneously sought to maiginalize recent Catholic immigrants. In taking Columbus as then- patron, they were sending the message that not only could Christopher Columbus is the patron Catholics be full members of American society, but were, in and namesake of the Knights fact, instrumental in its foundation. 121

By the time of the first annual convention in 1884, the Order was prospering. In the five councils throughout Connecticut there were 459 members Groups from other states were requesting information. 1131 The Charter of 1899 included four statements of purpose, including "to promote such social and Intellectual intercourse among its members as shall be desirable and proper, and by such lawful means as to them shall seem best."1141 The new charter showed members' desil e to grow the organization beyond a simple mutual benefit insurance society

S 1 nnn rdeath The 11119111d1 iiisuiaiice devised by Ivl,Gl viicy gave a deceased ii;;ght s 'idi :': i. benefit Each member was assessed 51 upon a death. and when the number of Knights grew beyond 1.000 the assessment decleasecl according to the rate of inclease.l{51 Each inembel, regardless of age. t ll exult -,ngcr to pa,' the A ; r^. yirwrbw, he.Ithclv I.;emb rs .could ..eVnecti., i., _ more t?`..rat .. rco'urse, nt their lifetnnlics than those ill e n who lolncd when they were older I {''! There was also a Sick Benefit Dcpci vi !oi ll eniher `khl-r fell ;![ and coidd nor'.^ork Each tillk K nthht Baas entlttlell to dI,-IV% 1.11) to S5

},t• ! ,Yi,^CL-- (I.^tl:r{,!t ^t n,t. °ral_ll` 1!e1it to 12 117 21)OI-1 ^nl!71s^11]I It he rrinaineCI Clck after that the 7ti lt^^ .•iC.' ,. "n to 1,1i-

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Toiiay there are mote than 14,000 councils around the world, and the Knights of Columbus is a multi- bil lion dollar non-profit charitable organization Knights distribute Tootsie Rolls to raise funds to fight de -'

In ?(110, the cause for McGivney's canonization was before the Congregation tot the Causes of Saints. A tiu '1J')01 had been formed to promote his cause On March 15, 2008, Pope Benedict XVI approved a decree recognizing the heroic virtue of Father Michael J. McGivney, founder of the Knights of Columbus. The pope's declaration significantly advances the priest's process toward sainthood, and gives the parish priest the distinction of "Venerable Servant of God." If the cause is successful, he will be the first priest born in the United States to be canonized as a Saint

Organization

The Supreme Council is the governing body of the Order and is composed of elected representatives from each jurisdiction The Supreme Supreme Supreme Council acts in similar manner to shareholders at an Knight Chaplain annual meeting, and each year elects seven members to the Bishop Supreme Board of Directors for three-year terms. The twenty- Carl A. William E. member board then chooses from its own membership the Anderson one Lori senior operating officials of the Order, including the Supreme Deputy Knight 12i] Supreme Dennis Savoie Knight State Councils in each of the 50 United States, the District of Supreme Donald Kehoe Col umbra, each province in Canada, and other jurisdictions Secretary carved out of member countries are led by State Deputies and Emilio B. conventions. Territorial Deputies Supreme other officers elected at state Treasurer Moire are appointed by the Supreme Knight, and lead areas not yet Supreme incorporated into State Councils John Marcella Advocate Meclea District Deputies are appointed by the Supreme Knight upon the Supreme and oversee several local "Mickey" recommendation of the State Deputy' Warden Casavant councils, each of which is led by a Grand Knight. Other elected Sll¢1': me Lawrence G. uuul IC11 o111cers 11 c1ude the Deputy Grated K night, Chancellor, i,iifr cv$i:iZ:i Warden, Recorder, Treasurer. Advocate, Guards and Trustees. A Chaplain is appointed by the Grand Knight and a Financial Secretary by the Supreme Kn,ght. Coined officer-, are propel iv addressed by usinte iiie title oilh'." (c g Worthy Gland Knight) Councils ate numbered in the ordei in \~,hich they chattered into . Fi t ,I {c. .J Utl 111!d t1ie ltd[IIeu the lotdl litclllUti itu_' _^•ili ; ... ,1^1 {^It ^^ [lam .. For t,l_^ i t .;[ ;tie l,l;.l c_nlulnhu•: landed (`11 it the N-',• Wt,1•ld

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TheOrdel is dedicated to the principles of Charity, Unity, Fraternity and Pati iotism. A First Degree e'cnplltication ceremony. by which a man joins the Older, explicates the virtue of char lty. He is then sa idto he a First Degree Knight ot'Columbus: after participating the subsequent degrees. each of «'hlcll focuses on anuthei %'u-tue, he rises to that status Upon reaching the Third Degree. a gentleman is coI),ldeled I full mel)lbel do not participate directly in Degree exemplifications as laymen do, hu ( rather take the degree by observation

TInc(-ilst ritual handbook was printed in 1885, hut contained only sections teaching Unity and Chanty. Supreme Knight Mullen. along with primary ritual author Daniel Colwell, believed that the Initiation cerclnony should be held three sections "in accord with the 'Trinity of Virtues, Charity, Unity, and Brotherly love "' The third section, expounding Fiaternity, was officially adopted in 1891 ^2 '1

Fourth degree

The[-ou11n Degl C is We I7ighcs[ degree r L We C ICIC! v1G1iIh [ of this degi cc are addressed as "Sir Knight'. The primary Rank Color puT-l ose of the Fourth Degree foster the spirit of patriotism is to Supreme Dark Blue Cape and to encourage active Catholic citizenship Fewer than 18% of Master and Chapeau Knights Coln the Fourth Degree, which is optional; of a total Vice Supreme Light Blue Cape 1.703,307 Knights there were 292,289 Fourth Degree Knights. Master and Chapeau [231 A. Knight is eligible to join the Fourth Degree after six Gold Cape and Master nionths from the date of his First Degree, providing he has Chapeau completed the 2nd and 3rd degrees beforehand. District Green Cape and Marshall Chapeau Assemblies are distinct from councils, and are led by a separate Faithful White Cape and appoints set olelected officers The Supreme Board of Directors Navigator Chapeau a S upreme Master, currently Lawrence G. Costanzo, and twenty Assembly Purple Cape Vice Supreme Masters to govern the Fourth Degree. Each Vice Commander and Chapeau Supreme Master oversees a Province, which is subdivided into and The Supreme Master appoints District Masters to Color Corps Red Cape Members White Chapeau supervise several assemblies.

Each assembly is led by a Navigator. Other elected assembly officers include the Captain, Admiial, Pilot, Scribe, Purser, Comptroller, Sentinels and Trustees. A Friar and Color Corps Commander are appointed by the Navigator Assembly officers are properly addressed by using the title "faithful" (e g. Fa ithful Navig ator) Assemblies are numbered In the order in which they chartered into the Order. and i L . L .". I 1 L ..... 1, .., I are I1^I111C.:U UY lllC 1V1, c11 111CIIIUG1 JlllIJ

Only Fourth Degree „ Knights ma-, opuionai ll !,,11"I'-1,o the t,, ii ,;, and run the A,^sen1bl\'s Color Corps

: "i .. ^ 111i î ,^ll^ I^ ! ii[: i^)•1î LIr:I^]'_' arl^^ ill tI)1' 1\'^l`71 `t° .^S ìlt:\ !1'l' !i';II C1? :') 1 71 lilt : nd ethic Iecal e` ^:nt a <`;lll'1c the[I c l^„ t^:I l eiiii 1 lt`flcli.'i Jic"a l''T" 01,7- iuln', !, l biaLk

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white and green in Mexico. and blue and A Knights of Columbus Fourth Degiee Chapeau white in Guatemala [25] Service baldrics include a scabbard for a sword and are worn over the coat while social baldrics are worn under the coat. The colors on a Fourth Degree Knight's cape and chapeau denote the office he holds within the Degree Faithftil Navigators and Past Faithful Navigators arc permitted to carry a white handled silver sword Masters and Vice Supreme Masters. as well as Former Masters and Former Vice Supreme Masters, are also denoted by their gold swords. [26]

Knights of Columbus marching in a The need for a patriotic degree was first considered in 1886 and Si Patrick's Day Parade in Fort a special plea was made at the National Meeting of 1899. The Collins. Coloiado flr,L Fourth Degree e,,crnpl .tendon: followed In 1')00 • 'Ith 1,! 00 Knights participating at the Lenox Lyceum in New Yolk City. [27] Today there are more than 2,500 Assembl ies. [231

Insurance program

Many early members were recent immigrants who often lived in unsanitary conditions and performed hazardousjobs for poor pay Since its founding, a primary mission of the Knights of Columbus has been to protect families against the financial ruin caused by the death of the breadwinner. While this method originally was intended to provide a core group of people who would support a widow and her children after the death of their husband and father, it has expanded into much more

Today the Order offers a modern, professional insurance operation with more than $77 billion of life insurance policies in force as of August 2010. Products include permanent and term life insurance as well as annuities and long term care insurance. Insurance sales grew 19% in 2004, more than three tunes the rate of industry at large. The Order holds $16 billion in assets and had $ 1 8 billion (as of August 2010) In revenue and $71 million in profits in 2005. The order paid over $243 million in death benefits in 2009 and $1 7 billion in the last decade as of August 2010. This is large enough to rank 49th on the AA4 Best list of all life insurance companies in North America and places it on the Fortune 1000 list as #929 of top companies as of August 2010.[21] Only two other insurers in North America have received the highest ratings from both A M. Best and Standard & Poor's The Order is certified by the Insuiance r^^? Marketplace Standards Association for ethical sales practices.L--'1 f 'ha -;ta h9i e4 .aaca aa4aevit \, AAIL

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OJ ynpics [231 In addition, the Order's highest honor, the Gauditmn et Spes Award. was given with its S 100-000 honorarium to Jean Vanier, the founder of I'Arche, in 2005. L'Arche is a faith-based network that )rovides care. in a community setting, for people with severe developmental disabilities.

TI-icV icw'ius Christi Fund has a endowment of $20 million and has earned more than $35 million. since its c,tablishnlent in 1981. foi the Pope's personal charities The multimillion dollarPaccni in Te]iis Fund aids the Catholic Church's efforts for peace in the Middle East The Order also has eleven separate Iut-id+ tulaling S I a ltttiliuri iu asstsi ilium aitd Wullleli wYl-10 a1C dlsLellltl,l;' iehILiUUS v ocations pa) tuitiG;l an cl other expenses. [ 291

Dnyi, after the terrorist attacks of September 1 1, 2001, the Order established the S I million Heroes Fund, limniidiate assistance was given to the families of all full-time professional law enforcement personnel, tircfighteis and emergency medical workers who lost their lives in the rescue and recovery efforts Orclcrwide, more than S10 million has been raised for Hurricane Katrina relief efforts. On May 6, 2006, 83 million was disbursed to the Archdiocese of New Orleans and the dioceses of Lafayette, LA, Houma-

TiiiJUdclllri, LA. Lake i harles. LA. B iuxl, Ala and LAC lui oul, TX .[31l Tu e Oidei also donated il:o:e than S500,000 to the Indian Ocean Tsunami of 2004 relief efforts, and $50,000 to help victims of Typhoon Durian in the Philippines [311

At the 2006 American Cardinals Dinner, it was announced that the Knights would be giving a gift of $8 million to The Catholic University of America. The gift is to renovate Kean Hall, an unused building, and rename it McGivney Hall, after Fr. McGivney. The new McGivney Hall will house the John Paul II Institute for Studies on Marriage and Family, a graduate school of theology affiliated with the Pontifical Lateran University in Rome as well as CUA. Supreme Knight Anderson serves on CUA's board of trustees and is the vice president of the John Paul II Institute.[30' The Knights have a long history of donating to CUA The Order funded the first renovation of the facade of St. The Knights' Satellite Uplink Program has provided funding to Peter's Basilica in over 350 years broadcast a numbei of papal events, including the annual Easter [32] and Christmas Masses, as well as the World Day of Peace in Assisi. the Peace Summit in Assisi, World Youth Days, the opening of the Holy Door at St. Peter's Basilica's for the Millennial Jubilee. Pope John Paul I1's visit to

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ge i1(Yal public as Well as for parishes, schools. retreat houses, I111I1taty installations, correctional fl,clhties. legislatures, the medical community. and for individuals who request them Since then CIS has pi med millions of booklets, and thousands of people hale enrolled in CIS correspondence and or'_ line,oulses 1331

College councils

W1ii1c most Knights of Columbus Councils ate located at parishes or near multiple parish communities, iman+ men first join the Knights while in collcge Over 17.000 Knights are members of241 college co unLaIS worldwide

1'h e Univei city of Notre Dante Council 1477 (http //www rid edu/-knights/) was founded in 191(1 as the tir- t college council [34 h135ll36I, and is currently the largest college council in the country It was [37] f'ol lotved by the councils at St. Louis University and Benedictine College. In 1919, Mount St. Mary's ai , is r r',elIl_`r 'u n iu-1 S !1ir:--r:1 curin.l I 965_ boca1, th. firstfirst I- -;s In...cil attacht eCrI t (1 a `'en, ln t, a t what +;;l Mount St Mary's University 13Slt31j In 1937, the University of Illinois became the first public university with a Knights of Columbus Council, The Mint Council Number 2782

Smile College Councils hold a unique form of the Knights Membership Blitz styled "Go Roman Week" The name is a play on the fact that most fraternities on college campuses are given Greek alphabet designations. while the Knights of Columbus is a Roman Catholic organization At some Catholic universities, such as the University of St. Thomas, University of Notre Dame, Saint Anselm College and Benedictine College, the Knights are the only fraternity permitted on campus However, councils at some other colleges ha\ e difficulty attaining official college recognition because of their all-male composition (401

Each October, the Supreme Council hosts a College Council Conference at their headquarters in New Haven, Connecticut. Awards are given for the greatest increases in membership, the best Youth, Community. Council, Family and Church activities and the overall Outstanding College Council of the year. Saint Anselrn College Council 4785 in Manchester, New Hampshire, has won the 2009 - 2010 National Community Activity Award for creating a comprehensive recycling program at the New Hampshire State Prison for Women l` 11. In the recent past, councils from Southern schools. specifically Texas, have demonstrated tremendous effort. with Texas A&M and the University of St. Thomas (in Houston) leading the pack, respectively, with the Texas Tech University, University of North Texas and <<''((111011 rr'^'rl^',i] the University of Dallas in the DFW Metroplex being the newest ones In years of an

In[CT-ii ['01ldl Wuild Youth Day, the Ordei is Iepiesented by members of the College Council Conference Cool dinatulg Committee, who travel with the diocese of the Supreme Chaplain (currently Bishop Willlain E Lon of the Diocese of Bridgeport)

Coh rnbian Squires

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local circle, Squires work and socialize as a group of Friends, elect their own otiicers. and develop into Catholic leaders. Bearer Level 3: E1icl^ Circle is supervised by a Knights of Columbus Council or Assembly, and Swordsman cn ad Knight, the Deputy Grand ha s I;ol y boar d made up of either the Grand Level 4: Lancer KIii^ht and Chapl,iin, or the Faithful Navigator, the Faithful Captain and Faithful Le,,el 5: Squire Fri ai Circles arc eithei Council based. parish based. or school based depending of the Body of on the luc^!t;,,ii of the clicl': ind the Knight:.uullsclol^ Christ

Tlzc Iirst Circle was staited in Duluth. Minnesota

Squire Roses

t'la,ii mr/ic•lc Squire Roses

n: S.ILilie ROSes arc a youth traternlty run by individual SLaLe Cou[;C I,s .::t111nn the Kliialit o Columbus, for Catholic ladies between the ages of 10 and 18 They area sister organization to the Squwrep,

The Squire Roses were created in 1996 by adoption of the Virginia State Council of Knights of Columbus The founder" of this organization is Russell DeRose, currently a Chief Counselor for Squire Roses Circle #l. St Mary of Sorrows, in Fairfax Station, Virginia.

The Squire Roses are officially recognized in the Jurisdictions of Virginia and Washington DC, with acceptance in New Jersey and California soon to follow.

Emblems of the Order

Emblem of the Order

The emblem of the Ordei dates from the second Supreme Council meeting on May 12, 1883, when Janes T. Mullen, who was then supreme knight, designed it.

The emblem consists of a shield mounted upon the Formee cross (having the arms narrow at the center and expanding toward the ends). The shield is that associated with a medieval knight. The Forni6e cross is the representation of a traditional artistic design of the cross of Christ through which all graces of redemption were procured for mankind This then represents the Catholic ,pi it of the Order.

;Mounted on the shield ale three objects- a fasces (a bundle of rods bound together about an a-\ with the hl Ide I,,,,I,•„tl;1g) t n jl;,r t ,e til_ail^; and crossed hehind it" _in nnchni• and a daggt 1 ill ;hol t su aril The fasces trom Roman days, carried before magistrates as an emblem sit authorit '. is symbolic of authority v inch mus t c'.i ;t in and; ti

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Thetrtad emblem of the Fourth Degree features the dove, the cross and the globe. Thedove. hovering over the orb of the Earth (globe). is the classic symbol of the Hcal: and peace Columbus' name in Italian (Colombo), also means "dove f Bot1, the -lobe and dove are mounted on a variation of the Crusader's cross, why 6 was found on the tunics and capes of the Crusading knights who battled to le an the Holy Land fiom the pagans pAa •rtm{ S1-nrtually. the sacred symbols on the emblem typify the union of the Three Di '.toe Persons to one Godhead. the most Blessed Trinity

Fourth Degree The Globe-God the Father, Creator of the Universe Emblem The Cross--God the Son, Redeemer of Mankind. n The Dove-God the Holy Spirit, Sanctifier of Humanity

The colors of the symbols are'

n A blue globe with the land of the Western Hemisphere in white * A red cross with gold borders and gold knobs at the end of the points forming the ends of the ai-rns of the cross, also known as the Isabella cross. s A white dove.

Red. white and blue are the colors of the flag of the country in which the Knights originated. They are used to stress patriotism, the basic principle of the Fourth Degree. E431

Knights of Columbus Protocol

Like most fraternal orders, the Knights have a protocol, sometimes referred to as the "Litany", which dictates the order of rank with the Order, and is typically used at formal functions or presentations in the Order. [c uunon uc(,(Iea]

Officers

Knights of Columbus Councils. Fourth Degree Assemblies, and Columbian Squire Circles have similar officers In the Councils, officer titles are prefixed with "Worthy" and in the Assemblies, officer titles •Me 111+,tixcd with " Fr fhfill" In addition to the Columbian Squires' officers listed below, there is an adult posinon of "Chief Counselor " Char helps oversee me C n-Ldc

Council Assemb1, Circle

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Advocate nonexisletlI ttonc.\t\tenI Warden Pilot Marshall Inside Gnat (I Inner Sentinel Sentry Outside Guard Outer Sentinel

i ustce (3 1 ear) Trustee (3 1 ear) i,uut'.tiSIC/lt

Trustee (2 1 ear) Trustee (2 1 ear) nunexi'stent

1-r•ustee (1 Year) Ti ustee (1 Year) nonexistent

ttonexr\tent Color Corp Commander nonexistent

(*Appointed annually by each Council's Grand Knight or Assembly's Navigator)

("' 1-\noointcd fora v e al tcni h, th e Supre me Knight)

Political activities

In 1954, lobbying by the Order helped convince the U S Congress to add the phrase "under God" to the Pledge of Allegiance President Dwight Eisenhower wrote to Supreme Knight Luke E Hart thanking the Knights for their "part in the movement to have the words 'under God' added to our Pledge of Allegiance. ,1441 Similar lobbying convinced many state legislatures to adopt October 12 as Columbus Day and led to President Franklin Delano Roosevelt's confirmation of Columbus Day as a federal holiday in 1937

While the Knights of Columbus support politi cal awareness and activity, United States councils are prohibited by tax laws from engaging in candidate endorsement and partisan political activity due toy their non-profit status.[45] Nevertheless , President George H W Bush appeared at the annual convention during the election year of 1992 and President George W. Bush sent videotaped messa g es before he attended in person at the 2004 election year convention [46J In addition , at the same convention . the assembled delegates chanted "Four more years)"[471 Public policy activity is --. _ C L,_ .LI I IlniliCll to 111U2-JIICI , IrII. l..dlllt)cl1^;IlJ, iVlliCa..uy uca111L^dealing.NV' lu %_ aulvllI-at1'^,.c DEPEND tamil, and life issues Bush's Democratic opponent, John Kerry, hlnl5elr a Catholic and ardent abortion rights supporter. was not inVL(CII II) tdd]CJS lilt; _+It_i-r Cull\Cll[LVIi LIFE l; il1C Ill ci! Staic`,. the Knii lets of Columbus }la\ c olteli adopted lil\ gun Cr'dii\e pusltluns!II! public l1sL,cs 1llc lla\c l)^l s,

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Or April 9. 2006 the Board of Directors commented on the "U.S. immigration policy [which] has became an intensely debated and divisive issue on both sides of the border between the U.S and M eaico " They called "upon the President and the U.S. Congress to agree upon immigration legislation that not only gains colltlol over the process of immigration. but also rejects any effort to cruninalize tli . who provide humanitarian assistance to illegal immigrants. and pio\ ides these immigrants an a':erlue by which they can emerge from the shadows of society and seek legal residency and citizenship In the U ^ '['tl

In California's 2008 election the Knights of Columbus attracted media attention when they donated 8[52] mcorethan S 1 4 million to Proposition 8, becoming the largest financial supporter of Proposition which succeeded in banning marriages between same-sex couples in the state. A group called " "Cahtornians Against Hate", viewing Proposition 8 as a denial of civil rights and a promotion of "[53][54][55] inequality, has added the Knights of Columbus to their "Dishonor Roll

Uea!s of state

The Blights of Columbus invites the head of state of every country they operate in to the Supreme Convention each year In 1971 U S President Richard Nixon gave the keynote address at the States Dinner; Secretary of Transportation and Knight John Volpe was responsible for this first appearance of a U.S. [56] President at a Supreme Council gathering. President Ronald Reagan spoke at the Centennial Convention in 1982 President George H W Bush appeared in 1992. President Bill Clinton sent a written message while he was in office, and President George W. Bush sent videotaped messages before he attended in person George W. Bush greets Fourth at the 2004 convention.[57' Degree Knights at the 122nd Annual Convention John F Kennedy, the only Catholic to be elected President of the United States, was a Fourth Degree member of Bunker Hill Council No 62 and Bishop Cheverus General Assembly. Supreme Knight Luke E. Hart visited Kennedy at the White House on Columbus Day, 1961. The president told Hart that his younger brothei, Ted Kennedy, had received "his Third Degree in our Order three weeks before " Hart presented Kennedy with a poster of the American Flag with the story of how the Order got the words "under God" inserted in the Pledge of Allegiance [5s1

In 1959 Fidel Castro sent an aide to represent him at a Fourth Degree banquet in honor of the Golden Jubilee of the Order's entry Into Cuba Supreme K n i ght Hart attended a banquet in the Cuban Prime Minister -z honor In A 11ril or that ,ear Sponsored by the Overseas cress i_ 1 u h a n a later sent hull a letter i III ,^ • .,., I ^^^ i.:^in? iCgiCt tii.it t,lC,'r .,. C,,C noto.f o.l`.e to : 11ee.., Y ... .,.

"" .' 1111x•{}g the groups, t1'1t 'xelcnmed P, i,. Fit,,. lsi_` t• I .^n rh Cnii[1 I :i'''i n. t^^r ^Lltlr^ 1 li,ti^t n

ray table htuidings

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F arnous Knights Knights of Columbus salute during the welcoming ceremony toi Pope i1/1 airy famous Catholic men from all o\ er the wild have been Benedict XVI on the South Lawn of of Columbus In the United States. the most notable the Whlre House (April 16. 200,S) Include John F Kennedy, Ted Kennedy, Al Slnith, Sargent Sh i filer, Alan Keyes, Samuel Allto, an associate justice of the U S Supreme Court. Jeb Bush. former Governor of Florida, and Sergeant Major Daniel Daly, a txvo- tinncvledal of Honor recipient, once described by the commandant of the U.S Marine Corps as "the mo_)stoutstanding Marine of all time" [6I]

Many notable clerics are also Knights, including Cardinal William Joseph Levada, prefect of the C'on n egatiun for the Doctrine of the Faith, Cardinal Sean O'Malley, archbishop of Boston, and Cardinal Jai me Sin , former archbishop of Manila. In the world of sports, Vince Lombardi, the famed former coach of the Green Bay Packers, Lou Albano , wrestler, James Connolly , the first Olympic gold -]pedal champion in modern times , Floyd Patterson , former heavyweight boxing champion, and baseball stai- [62] Ba be Ruth ': el e Knights

On October 15, 2006. Bishop Rafael Guizar Valencia (1878-1938) was canonized by Pope Benedict XVI in Rome In 2000, six other Knights were declared saints by Pope John Paul II.[63]

For a inoie comprehensive list, see List ofnotable Knights of Columbus Also see Cutegor y Knights of Colunthus

Criticism

Accusations of Racism

While some councils were integrated, increasing pressure came from Church officials and organizations to change its blackball system and Supreme Knight Luke E. Hart was actively encouraging councils to accept black candidates by the end of the 1950s [64]

In 1 96 3 Hart attended a special meeting at the White House hosted by President Kennedy to discuss civi 1 tights with other religious leaders A few months later, a Notre Dame alumnus's application was rejected because he was black. Six council officers resigned in protest and the incident made national news Hart then declared that the process for membership would be revised at the next Supreme ('nn^ ontlnn hilt died hFfnre lip nnlllrl cpp it take I-%lacP L"'1

The 1904 SUp1 erne Convention )A as scheduled to be held at the Roosevelt Hotel in New Orleans A few S L' .I - I, 1 - 11 A:1 fl tt I^nr. ^:i tl 1,-t, 1 ., i It i ally Lid' ) l'L111/l. LIZL- l_lill \'4111!V11, l1L it U(J! L-JILL. 1\III V111 JV ! I11 . Jv!Li_IL ILL Il+LllllLlt Llle IJL4, u_1ihJ t,^.,^ ) +hite `_L1estS and immediately threatened to ino%e to another hotel. The lintel changed its policy and so dill tt . Tli,^ (' ,n eilt^nn amended till 1^1nIi sioilc mule to require (lire-ihird of those ",Millie to reject :I ne"k netnhei aoio w, 1 9_72 the Suinrciill_ Coils entiun main amended its rules to requlic a illilloi It', of [ti ' Iueii)t-ci'

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frae y Smith and Deborah Chymyshynto but canceled it after they became aware that it was for a sar-ne- se wedding receptlon.l68i The two women claimed they were unaware that the facility was affiliated kv'iththe Catholic Church The local council responded that the hall is on the same compound as a parish ch uich and there were Catholic symbols such as a picture of the Pope and a crucifix inside MI The trl liunal ruled the Council was within its rights to refuse to rent it based on their religious convictions brit lined their "tor injury to dignity, feelings and self-respect" of the women.1 7lrl

College Council Recognition

Some public and private colleges refuse to recognize Knights of Columbus councils as official student oiganlzations because a Catholic men-only menlbeishrp policy is considered discriminatory The Su prcmc Council Issues charters to qualifying groups despite lack of college recognition To circumvent this conflict. Clubs named the "Friends of the Knights of Columbus" which are open to all students are often created to serve as clubs. The Friends of the Knights of Columbus then sponsor meeting space, eve171 space, and the like for the council Still other college councils apply for recognition as on-campus

Ira tei iiIie or iI 1t :ncll orgaiiiL iiolis and die III de :•UUje^l ti) [1iC:,11t1e rules and icguiatic'ns that apl3i j to all-male Greek fraternities and similar groups.

Similar organizations

The Knights of Columbus i s a member of the International Alliance of Catholic Knights, which includes fifteen fraternal orders such as the Knights of Saint Columbanus in Ireland, the Knights of Saint Columba in the United Kingdom, the Knights of Peter Claver in the United States, the Knights of the Southern Cross in Australia and New Zealand , the Knights of Da Gama in South Africa , and the Knights of St. Mulumba in Nlgeria.Pl1

Many councils also have women's auxiliaries. However, the Supreme Council does not charter them and they may adopt any Marne they choose. At the turn of the 20th century two were formed by local councils and each took the name the Daughters of Isabella. Using the same name, both groups expanded and issued charters to other Circles but never merged. The newer organization renamed itself the Catholic Daughters of the Americas in 1921 and both have structures independent of the Knights of Columbus Additionally, the Columbiettes is a female auxiliary conceived to work with the Knights of Columbus