DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE REPORTING REQUIREMENTS UNDER SECTION 1502(d)(3)(C) OF THE DODD-FRANK ACT WORLD-WIDE CONFLICT PROCESSING FACILITIES

As required by section 1502(d)(3)(C) of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (Dodd-Frank Act), the Department of Commerce (Commerce) has compiled the attached list of ”all known conflict mineral processing facilities worldwide.” The list includes all known processing facilities that process the , tantalum, , or gold, but does not indicate whether a specific facility processes minerals that are used to finance conflict in the Democratic Republic of the Congo or an adjoining country. We do not have the ability to distinguish such facilities.

International Trade Administration (ITA) Methodology

The Act defines “conflict minerals” to mean “columbite-tantalite (coltan), cassiterite, gold, wolframite, or their derivatives” or any other mineral determined by the Secretary of State to be financing conflict in the Democratic Republic of Congo or adjoining country. From a commercial standpoint, tin, tantalum, tungsten, and gold are equivalent to the minerals set forth in the statute and are more commonly used terms in commerce, and therefore these are the terms used in the listing. ITA reached out to a number of public and private sector stakeholders and collected conflict mineral processing facilities listings from the following organizations: 1) the U.S. Geological Survey1, 2) the U.S. Government Accountability Office2, 3) the Organization for Economic Co- operation and Development (OECD)3, 4) the London Bullion Market Association4, 5) the Electronic Industry Citizenship Coalition (EICC) and the related Global e-Sustainability Initiative (GeSI)5, 6) the Dubai Multi Centre (DMCC), and 7) the World Gold Council (WGC)6. ITA used this information to create a list of processing facilities, including smelters and refiners, by accumulating, comparing, contrasting, and reconciling the information from the seven sources of information. ITA verified the existence of the facilities by utilizing a number of web-based information sources, including Lexis Diligence, Hoover’s, and Lexis-Nexis. However, no on-site verifications were performed.

U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Methodology

1 In response to our request for assistance, the National Minerals Information Center of the United Stated Geological Survey transmitted its compiled global listings of processors (smelters, refiners, chemical plants, etc) of gold, tantalum, tin, and tungsten ores and concentrate to the Commerce Department on April 24, 2014. 2 http://www.gao.gov/assets/660/655972.pdf (July 2013) 3 http://www.oecd.org/daf/inv/mne/3TsSmelterList.pdf (Last Updated in November 2012)

4 http://www.lbma.org.uk/the-good-delivery-list (Last Updated in January 2014) 5 http://www.conflictfreesourcing.org/conflict-free-smelter-refiner-lists/ (Updated Regularly - Commerce Department analyzed list from March 2014). 6 http:// www.dmcc.ae/DGD_GoldList.pdf (Updated December 2012)

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ITA relied primarily on data supplied by the Department of the Interior’s U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). The USGS is the only official U.S. Government source of information on conflict mineral reserves, production, and usage. Upon request by Commerce, USGS prepared a listing of tantalum, tin, tungsten, and gold (3TG) mineral processing facilities. ITA used the USGS list as the master list, adding to and deleting from the list based on information obtained from other non-USG sources.

Tantalum, tin and tungsten (3T) In developing its list of tantalum, tin and tungsten (3T) mineral processing facilities, USGS National Minerals Information Center specialists ( and country) sought to identify the critical processing step(s) or the point at which ores and/or concentrates are transformed into a downstream product. Facilities identified as exclusively processing scrap or other secondary materials were excluded from the list supplied by the USGS. The facilities included in the respective 3T lists are thought to be appropriate critical-step processing facilities, with no consideration given to the actual source of their primary feed materials.

Gold The list of gold refiners was limited to those facilities that produce refined gold that is deliverable to various local or international exchanges. Gold ores and concentrates at both commercial-scale and artisanal mines are most often processed into intermediate semi-refined forms of gold at or near the mine site before being processed into deliverable form. Thus, the listed gold refineries may be one or several steps removed from the direct source of ores and concentrates, and may be using these intermediate gold products, such as gold doré or precipitates, as well as scrap as their feed materials.

USGS specialists derived the information contained in these lists by analyzing historical records; monitoring periodic literature; reviewing company, country, and foreign government reports; reviewing commodity specific reports prepared by industry; and gathering information from conferences, field trips, and industry and Government contacts. Many of these facilities have been discussed or tabulated in the text and structure tables of the USGS’s Minerals Yearbooks, specifically in the country and commodity chapters, and in special papers.

Other Resources

The USGS compiled data were supplemented by facility tabulations prepared by companies and other organizations identified above, including the EICC7 and OECD. Where information from these sources was used, they have been identified as the source. Commerce made every effort to avoid duplicative listing of facilities reported under different names. In the case of gold, most of the refineries identified were listed as having been certified to deliver gold by one or more of the global gold exchanges, as indicated in the list. The tabulated facility lists prepared for ITA for each of the 3TG minerals were cross checked and reconciled by respective USGS country and commodity specialists.

7 In addition, the EICC has developed a third party verification audit process whereby it hires private auditors to identify smelters and refiners that have systems in place to assure sourcing of only conflict-free materials. EICC also provides guidance to auditors on how to conduct proper auditing and identify potential non-compliances. 2

Limitations and Challenges

During Commerce’s research of global smelters, certain hurdles to creating a list of all known processing facilities became clear. Primarily, there are artisanal miners that process small amounts of materials and are known to be employed in eastern Congo. Because these producers of are “off the grid,” it is very difficult to trace exactly where these small amounts of materials are smelted.

There is also evidence of guerilla smelting operations throughout Africa that create makeshift smelters which produce an intermediary product of tantalum, tungsten and tin, and then ship the product overseas to scrap yards and informal traders and exchanges. The materials are often transshipped to another country and then flaked or shaved prior to being sent to a smelter.

Finally, we note that gold purchased through the Gold Exchange (SGE) accounts for 15-20 percent of all the gold used for commercial purposes. It is also recognized that the vast majority of the gold sold worldwide is comingled at the SGE. The SGE has not released, nor does it keep, records of where its gold is sourced. Therefore, any material that is purchased through the SGE is untraceable to a smelter, refiner, or processor of origin.

Uniqueness

The attached list of all known processing facilities is the only amalgamated catalog using the available resources of the United States Government. To the best of our knowledge, no other list of tantalum, tungsten, tin and gold smelters utilizes data from USGS. Furthermore, in the process of compiling this list, we observed that there is a considerable lack of publicly available information on processing facilities and that there are only a handful of smelter lists created by industry associations and private sector organizations, and publicly available in directories, publications and related resources. Having combined existing lists from GAO, OECD, LBMA, EICC and related GeSI, DMCC, and WGC, and then cross referenced these lists with the data provided by USGS, to our knowledge, the attached list is the most comprehensive list to date of all known processing facilities in the world.

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Table 1.— Global Gold Refineries SOURCE OF INFORMATION

LOCATION OPERATOR AND COUNTRY USGS GAO LBMA EICC/GESI DMCC/WGC DESCRIPTION OWNERSHIP Perth Mint (Government of Australia Newburn, Western Australia X X X Western Australia) X X Austria Vienna, Vienna, Austria Heimerle + Meule GmbH X Umicore SA Business Unit Belgium Hoboken X X Precious Metals Refining X X AngloGold Ashanti Mineração Brazil Nova Lima X X Ltda X House of Currency of Brazil Brazil Rio de Janeiro (Casa da Moeda do Brazil) X Brazil Sao Paulo Marsam Metals X Ubro-Union of Brazilian Refiners Brazil Sao Paulo Ltda X Brazil Guarulhos Umicore Brasil Ltda X X Burundi Cibitoke Etablissements Jean Jbeili X CCR Refinery - Glencore Canada Canada Montréal X X Corporation X Canada Brampton Johnson Matthey plc X X X X Canada Ottawa Royal Canadian Mint X X X Corporación Nacional del Cobre Chile Ventanas refinery, Region V (CODELCO), 100% X X Lingbao, Henan China National Gold Corp. X China Huangshi, Hubei Daye Nonferrous Metals Co Ltd X Gansu Seemine Material Hi-Tech China , Gansu Co Ltd X China , Sichuan Great Wall Gold Silver Refinery X X X China Zhaoqing, Guangdong Gaoyao Co X China Huangjindong, Hunan Industry Co Ltd X Qiankun Gold China Huhhot, Inner Mongolia and Silver Refinery Share X Company Ltd X X China , Jiangxi Co. Ltd. X X X China Laizhou, Laizhou Gold Co. X Zijin Yinhui Gold China Luoyang, Henan Refining Co Ltd X Metalor Technologies () China Suzhou, Jiangsu Co Ltd X LOCATION OPERATOR AND COUNTRY USGS GAO LBMA EICC/GESI DMCC/WGC DESCRIPTION OWNERSHIP Neimenggu Precious Metal China Huhhot, Inner Mongolia Refinery of China X Penglai Penggang Gold Industry China Penglai, Shandong Co Ltd X China Shandong Shandong Gold Group Co Ltd X Shandong Jinchang Gold Mining China Laizhou, Shandong X X X Co., Ltd Shandong Tarzan Bio-Gold Co China Shandong Ltd X Shandong Yanggu Xiangguang China Yanggu, Shandong Co. Ltd. X Shandong Zhaojin Gold and China Zhaoyuan, Shandong X Silver Refinery Co. Ltd X X Sichuan Tianze Precious Metals China Chengdu, Sichuan X Co., Ltd X Tongling Nonferrous Metals China Jichang smelter, Tongling, (Group) Inc X Penghui Copper Industry China Yantai, Shandong Co. Ltd. X Chihong and China Qujing, Yunnan Germanium Co. Ltd. X China Zhaoyuan, Shandong Zhaoyuan Gold Co. X Zhongyan Gold Smelter China Sanmenxia, Henan X ( Co. Ltd.) X X Group Co Ltd (Zijin China Shanghang, X Copper Co. Ltd.) X X Kovohute Pribram Nastupickna Czech Republic Pribram a.s. X Finland Pori Boliden Harjavalta X Allgemeine Gold- und Germany Pforzheim X X X Silberscheideanstalt AG X Aurubis AG (formerly Germany Hamburg X X Norddeutsche Affinererie AG) X Germany Pforzheim C. Hafner GmbH + Co. KG X X X X Heraeus Precious Metals GmbH Germany Hanau X X X & Co. KG X Hong Kong Fanling Heraeus Ltd Hong Kong X X X X X Metalor Technologies (Hong Hong Kong Kwai Chung X X Kong) Ltd India Cochin, Kerata State Chemmanur Gold Refinery X India Ahmedabad, Gujarat State Gujarat Bullion Refinery X India Ahmedabad, Gujarat State Gujarat Gold Center X LOCATION OPERATOR AND COUNTRY USGS GAO LBMA EICC/GESI DMCC/WGC DESCRIPTION OWNERSHIP Infinium Precious Resources India Mumbai, Maharashtra State Private X India New Delhi, Haryana State JALAN & Company X India Mewat of Haryana State MMTC-PAMP India Pvt Ltd X X Narrondass Manordass Precious India Mumbai, Maharashtra State Metals Refinery X India Mumbai, Maharashtra State National India Bullion Refinery X India Mumbai, Maharashtra State National Refinery PVT LTD X PT Aneka Tambang (Persero) Indonesia Jakarta X X Tbk (Logam Mulia) X National Iranian Copper Sarcheshmeh copper complex, Industries Co. (NICICO) [Iranian Iran south of Rafsanjan, Kerman Mines and Mining Industries Province Development and Renovation Organization (IMIDRO)] X Italy Badia al Pino, Arezzo Chimet S.p.A. X X X X Aida Chemical Industries Co. Japan Higashioda, Chikuzenmachi X Ltd. Japan Asakura-Gun, Fukuoka Asahi Pretec Corp X X X X Japan Koriyama, Fukushim Asaka Riken Co Ltd X Chugai Mining Co Ltd (Dowa Japan Tokyo X X Mining Co. Ltd) X Honjo, Saitama, Japan Eco-System Recycling Co., Ltd. X

Japan Soka Saitama Ishifuku Metal Industry Co Ltd X X X X Japan Osaka Japan Mint X X X JX Nippon Mining & Metals Co., Japan Saganoseki, Oita Prefecture X X X Ltd X Kosaka Smelting and Refining Co. Ltd. (wholly owned Japan Kosaka, Akita Prefecture X X subsidiary of Dowa Mining Co. Ltd.) X Kojima Chemicals Co., Ltd Japan Saitama, Japan X

Japan Iruma Matsuda Sangyo Co., Ltd X X X X Japan Naoshima, Kagawa Prefecture Mitsubishi Materials Corp. X X X X LOCATION OPERATOR AND COUNTRY USGS GAO LBMA EICC/GESI DMCC/WGC DESCRIPTION OWNERSHIP Mitsui Mining and Smelting Co. Japan Takehara, Hiroshima Prefecture X X X Ltd. X Japan Noda-City Nihon Material Co., Ltd X X X X Ohura Precious Metal Industry Japan Nara-shi, Nara, Japan X Co., Ltd Niihama, Ehime Prefecture, Japan Sumitomo Metal Mining Co., Ltd X X X Toyo, Saijo X Japan Ichikawa, Japan Tanaka Kikinzoku Kogyo K.K. X X Shonan Plant, Hiratsuka City, Japan Tanaka Kikinzoku Kogyo K.K. X X X Kanagawa Prefecture X Japan Kuri, Hiroshima Prefecture Tokuriki Honten Co., Ltd X X X X Japan Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan Yokohama Metal Co Ltd X Kazakhstan Central Kazakhstan Kazakhmys plc X Kazakhstan Ust-Kamenogorsk KazZinc Ltd X X X Kazakhstan Astana TOO Tau-Ken-Altyn X Korea, Republic of Onsan Korea Zinc Co. Ltd. X Korea, Republic of Onsan LS-Nikko Copper Inc. X X X X Kyrgyzstan Karabalta Kyrgyzaltyn JSC X X X J Resources (J&Partners, L.P., Malaysia Penjom, Pahang 100%) X Monument Mining Ltd. of Malaysia Bukit Selinsing Koyan, Pahang Canada X Raub Australian Gold Mining Malaysia Raub, Pahang Sdn. Bhd (Peninsular Gold Ltd., 100%) X Mexico Greater Hermosillo, Juárez Caridad X Met-Mex Peñoles, S.A. de C.V. Mexico Torreon, Coahuila (Industrias Peñoles, S.A. de C.V., X X X 100%) X Schöne Edelmetaal B.V. Netherlands Amsterdam X X (subisdiary of Umicore SA) X Oman Mining Co. LLC Oman Lasail, near Sohar (Government, 100%) X Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas Philippines Quezon City X X (Central Bank of the Philippines) X Kombinat Gorniczo Hutniczy Poland Glogow Miedz Polska Miedz S.A. (KGHM) (Government, 31.79%) X LOCATION OPERATOR AND COUNTRY USGS GAO LBMA EICC/GESI DMCC/WGC DESCRIPTION OWNERSHIP Verkhnyaya Pyshma, JSC Ekaterinburg Non-Ferrous Russia X X Sverdlovskaya Oblast Metals Processing Plant' X Verkhnyaya Pyshma, Russia JSC Uralelectromed X X Sverdlovskaya Oblast X Moscow Special Alloys Russia Moscow X X Processing Plant X Russia Khasyn, Magadanskaya Oblast OJSC Kolyma Refinery X X X Russia Krasnoyarsk OJSC Krastsvetmet X X X X Russia Novosibirsk OJSC Novosibirsk Refinery X X X Prioksky Plant of Non-Ferrous Russia Kasimov, Ryazanskaya Oblast X X Metals X SOE Shyolkovsky Factory of Russia Shyolkovo, Moskovskaya Oblast X X Secondary Precious Metals X Saudi Arabia Riyadh L'azurde Company for Jewelry X X X X Metalor Technologies Singapore Tuas Tech Park, Tuas, Singapore (Singapore) Pte. Ltd. X

Rand Refinery Ltd. (AngloGold South Africa Germiston, Gauteng Province Ashanti Ltd., 53%, and Gold X X X X Fields Ltd., 33%) X Spain Madrid Sempsa Joyeria Plateria SA X X X X Sudan Khartoum Government of Sudan X Sweden Skelleftehamn, Ronnskar Boliden AB X X X Switzerland Mendrisio Argor-Heraeus S.A. X X X X X Switzerland Biel-Bienne Cendre+Métaux S.A. X X X Switzerland Neuchatel Metalor Group X X X X Produits Artistiques de Métaux Switzerland Castel San Pietro Précieux S.A. (MKS Finance SA, X X X X 100%) X LOCATION OPERATOR AND COUNTRY USGS GAO LBMA EICC/GESI DMCC/WGC DESCRIPTION OWNERSHIP Switzerland La Chaux-de-Fonds PX Précinox SA X X X Switzerland Balerna Valcambi S.A. X X X X X Solar Applied Materials Taiwan Kuang-Tien X X X Technology Corp. X Umicore Precious Metals Thailand Dokmai, Pravet, Thailand X Thailand Atasay Kuyumculuk Sanayi Ve Turkey Istanbul X X Ticaret A.S. X Turkey Kuyumcukent, Istanbul Istanbul Gold Refinery X X X X X Nadir Metal Rafineri San. Ve Turkey Bahçelievler, Istanbul X X X Tic. A.S. X United Arab Emirates Al Quoz, Dubai Al Etihad Gold X United Arab Emirates Jumeriah Lake Towers, Dubai Al Etihad Gold X X United Arab Emirates Dubai Al Ghaith Gold (private, 100%) X Al Ghurair Giga Gold (private, United Arab Emirates Dubai 100%) X ARY Aurum Plus (private, United Arab Emirates Sharjah 100%) X United Arab Emirates Dubai Emirates Gold (private, 100%) X X United Arab Emirates Fujairah Free Zone II, U.A.E. Fujairah Gold FZE X United Arab Emirates Sharjah Kaloti Jewellery Group X X United States Amarillo, Texas ASARCO Incorporated X Richard Spera Refining Facility, United States General Refining Corp. Hempstead, New York X United States Newark, New Jersey Heraeus Incorporated X Johnson Matthey Gold and Silver United States Salt Lake City, Utah X X X Refining Inc. X Kennecott Utah Copper United States Magna, Utah X X Corporation X United States Wheatfield, New York Materion X X X United States North Attleboro, Massachusetts Metalor USA Refining Corp. X X X X United States Jackson, Ohio Ohio Precious Metals, LLC X X X X United States Opa-Locka, Florida Republic Metals Corporation X X United States Scottsville, New York Sabin Metal Corporation X X United Precious Metals Refining United States Alden, New York X X Inc. X LOCATION OPERATOR AND COUNTRY USGS GAO LBMA EICC/GESI DMCC/WGC DESCRIPTION OWNERSHIP Almalyk Mining and Uzbekistan Almalyk X X Metallurgical Complex (AMMC) X Navoi Mining and Metallurgical Uzbekistan Navoi X X Combinat (NMMC) X

Information highlighed in orange provided from research conducted by Commerce Table 2.—Global Tantalum Refineries and Smelters SOURCE OF INFORMATION

REFINERY / LOCATION OPERATOR AND COUNTRY USGS GAO EICC/GESI OECD SMELTER DETAILS DESCRIPTION OWNERSHIP

Greenbushes smelter, 70 km Australia Processor Global Advanced Metals Pty Ltd X southeast of Bunbury, WA Austria Fabricator Liezen, Styria PLANSEE GROUP X X Austria Processor Reutte, Tyrol PLANSEE GROUP X X X X Austria Fabricator Althofen, Carinthia Treibacher Industrie AG X AMG Advanced Metallurgical Brazil Processor Sao Joao del Rei, Minas Gerais Group N.V. (formerly Metallurg X Inc., aka GfE) Anglo American Nióbio Brasil Brazil Processor São Paulo Ltda. (formerly Mineração Catalão X de Goiás Ltda) Brazil Processor São Paulo CBMM X Sao Joao Del Rei, Minas Gerais, Brazil Smelter LSM Brasil S.A. X Brazil Brazil Processor São Paulo Mineração Taboca S.A. X X X Huangxing Town, Changsha South Tantalum China Processor X County, Hunan Niobium Co., Ltd. Conghua Tantalum & Niobium China Processor Conghua, Guangdong Province X X X X Smeltery China Smelter Sihui City, Guangdong, China Duoluoshan X Jiulong Industrial Zone, Yanling, China Processor FIR Metals & Resource Ltd X , Hunan Qingyuan City, Guangdong China Processor Fogang Jiata Metals Co., Ltd X X X Province Guangdong Zhiyuan New China Processor Yingde, Guangdong X X Materials Co., Ltd. Xinyuan Tantalum Industry China Processor Guilin, X Co., Ltd. King Xing Lifeng New China Smelter Hengyang, Hunan, China Materials Co., Ltd. Jiangmen Fuxiang Electro- China Processor Jiangmen, Guangdong X X X X materials Ltd. (F&X) Tanbre Smelter, Jiujiang, Jiangxi Tungsten Group Limited China Processor X Jiangxi Province Corporation Jiujiang Jinxin Nonferrous Metals China Processor Jiujiang, Jiangxi X X X X Co., Ltd. China Processor Jiujiang City, Jiangxi Province Jiujiang Tangbre Co., Ltd X X X Jiujiang Zhongao Tantalum & China Processor Jiujiang City, Jiangxi Province X Niobium Co. Ltd China Processor Shaanxi, China Junde Technology X X X REFINERY / LOCATION OPERATOR AND COUNTRY USGS GAO EICC/GESI OECD SMELTER DETAILS DESCRIPTION OWNERSHIP

Shishi Industrial Zone, Yifeng, China Processor King-Tan Industry Co. Ltd. X X Jiangxi Province Ye Jin Road, Shizuishan City, Ningxia Non-ferrous Metal China Processor X X X Ningxia Province Smeltery Ningxia Orient Tantalum Industry China Processor Shizuishan, Ningxia X Co., Ltd. China Processor Zhuzhou, Hunan RFH Tantalum Smeltery X X China Processor Suzhou, Jiangsu Taike Technology (Suzhou) X X Xinjiang Nonferrous Metals China Processor Urumqi, Xinjiang Industry Group Rare Metals Co., X Ltd. Yifeng Town, Yichun City, Yichun Jin Yang Rare Metals Co., China Processor X X X Jiangxi Province Ltd. Zhaoqing Duoluoshan Sapphire China Processor Zhaoqing, Guangdong X X Rare Metal Co., Ltd. China Processor Diamond Road, Zhuzhou, Hunan Zhuzhou Cement Carbide Works X X X Molycorp Silmet AS (Molycorp Estonia Processor Sillamäe X X X X Inc. (90%)) Germany Processor Freiberg Freiberger NE-Metall X Rhina Plant, Ferroweg, Germany Processor H.C. Starck GmbH X * * Laufenburg Goslar Plant, Im Schleek, Goslar, Germany Processor H.C. Starck GmbH X * X * Lower Saxony ENAG Plant, Sackinger Strasse, Germany Processor H.C. Starck GmbH X * X * Laufenburg, Baden-Wurttemberg

Germany Processor Hermsdorf, Thruingia H.C. Starck GmbH X * X * Heraeus Material Technology Germany Fabricator Hanau GmbH & Co. KG (Heraeus X Holding GmbH) Metallurgical Products India Pvt. India Processor Raigad District, Maharashtra State X X X X Ltd. (MPIL) Japan Processor Mito, Ibaraki Prefecture H.C. Starck GmbH X Japan Processor Hitachi, Ibaraki Prefecture JX Nippon Mining & Metals X X X

Japan Processor Unknown Nippon Mining & Metals Co. Ltd. X X X

Japan Processor Hitachi, Ibaraki Prefecture Pan Pacific Copper Co. Ltd. X X X Japan Processor Harima, Hyogo Prefecture Taki Chemicals Co. Ltd. X X X X (Miike Rare Metal) Mitsui Japan Processor Omuta, Fukuoka Prefecture X X X X Minning and Smelting Co. Ltd. Aizu refinery plant, Japan Processor Aizuwakamatsu-shi, Fukushima Global Advanced Metals Pty Ltd. X X Prefecture REFINERY / LOCATION OPERATOR AND COUNTRY USGS GAO EICC/GESI OECD SMELTER DETAILS DESCRIPTION OWNERSHIP

Hitachi-Ohmiya, Ibaraki H.C. Starck-V Tech Ltd. (H.C. Japan Processor X X Prefecture Starck GmbH) Japan Processor Akita, Akita Prefecture Japan New Metals Co. Ltd. X Oskemen (also known as Ust- Ulba Metallurgical Plant Kazakhstan Processor X X X X Kamenogorsk) (Kazatomprom, NAC) Malaysia Processor Kampar, Perak Chee Ng Minerals Sdn. Bhd. X Mexico Processor Matamoros, Tamaulipas Kemet Blue Powder X X Russia Processor Solikamsk, Perm Krai Solikamsk Magnesium Works X X X X South Africa Processor Modderfontein, Gauteng Tantalite Resources X X X X

H.C. Starck (Thailand) Company Thailand Processor Map Ta Phut, Rayong Province Ltd. (H.C. Starck GmbH, 94.98%, X X X X and others, 5.02% ) Harry Works, Glasshouse Road, United Kingdom Processor Kilnhurst, Mexborough, South ABS Industrial Resources X Yorkshire, England Advanced Metallurgical Group United States Processor Wayne, Pennsylvania X N.V. (AMG) United States Processor Pompano Beach, Florida Exotech Inc. X X X United States Processor Phoenix, Arizona Gannon & Scott X

United States Processor Boyertown, Pennsylvania Global Advanced Metals Pty Ltd. X X X X

United States Processor Newton, Massachusetts H.C. Starck Inc. X X

United States Processor Yaphank, New York Hi-Temp Specialty Metals, Inc. X X X

United States Fabricator Carson City, Nevada Kemet Corp. X X United States Processor Greenville, South Carolina Kemet Corp. X X United States Processor Fremont, California QuantumClean X X United States Processor Hillsboro, Oregon QuantumClean X X United States Processor Croydon, Pennsylvania Telex X X X United States Processor Albany, Oregon Wah Chang X * Both the GAO and OECD list H.C. Starck GmbH, however, the list received from USGS shows multiple facilities

Information highlighed in orange provided from research conducted by Commerce Table 3.—Global tin refineries and smelters SOURCE OF INFORMATION

REFINERY / LOCATION OPERATOR AND COUNTRY USGS GAO EICC/GESI OECD SMELTER DETAILS DESCRIPTION OWNERSHIP

Greenbushes smelter, 70 km Australia Smelter Global Advanced Metals Pty Ltd X southeast of Bunbury, WA Umicore Precious Metals Refinery, Belgium Refinery N.V. Umicore S.A X Hoboken, Antwerp Metallo-Chimique nV (Metallum Belgium Smelter Smelter at Beerse, Belgium X X X group) Jean Goldchmidt International Belgium Smelter B-4480 Engis X X SA Vinto smelting complex, Carretera Empresa Metalúrgica Vinto Bolivia Smelter X X X Vinto, Oruro Department (Government, 100%)

Huajara Industrial Park, east of the Operaciones Metalúrgicas S.A. Bolivia Refinery X X X X City of Oruro, Oruro Department (OMSA)

Bolivia Smelter Oruro, Bolivia Complejo Metalurgico Vinto S.A. X X

Bolivia Smelter Unknown Senju Metal Industry Co., Ltd. X

Bolivia Smelter El Alto SGS X X Coopersanta, Bom Futuro, Brazil Smelter Coopersanta X Ariquemes, Rondônia Mamoré Mineração e Metalurgia Mineração Taboca (Grupo Brazil Smelter Ltda., Pirapora do Bom Jesus, Sao X X X X Paranapanema) Paulo White Solder Metalurgia e Brazil Refinery White Solder - Rondônia X X X Mineração (Tor Participações) Canada Smelter Copper Cliff, Ontario Vale Inco, Ltd. X X Chile Smelter Unknown Chile X X Chenzhou Smelter ( China Smelter Chenzhou, Yunnan X Co. Ltd.( China Smelter , Guangxi China Tin Group Co., Ltd. X X Huahao Smelting Co., China Smelter Qijiang, Chongqing City X X Ltd CNMC (Guangxi) PGMA Co., China Smelter He Zhou X X Ltd Humenzhen, Dongguan, Dongguan Humen Shunmao Tin China Smelter X Guangdong Co.,Ltd China Smelter Dongguan, Guangdong Dongguan Qiandao Tin Co., Ltd X

Foshan Nanhai Songgang China Smelter Nanhai, Foshan, Guangdong X X Hongyang Tin Industry Co., Ltd. REFINERY / LOCATION OPERATOR AND COUNTRY USGS GAO EICC/GESI OECD SMELTER DETAILS DESCRIPTION OWNERSHIP

Gejiu Non-Ferrous Metal China Smelter Gejiu, Yunnan, China X X Processing Co. Ltd. Guangxi Fuchuan Smelting China Smelter Fuchuan, , Guangxi X X Factory Guihuacheng Smelter Group China Smelter Hezhou, Guangxi (Guangxi Pinggui PGMA Co. X Ltd.) Guilin Lingui Huipu Non-ferrous China Smelter Lingui, Guilin, Guangxi X X Metals Co., Ltd GUIXI CITY, CITY, Guixi Sanyuan Smelting China Smelter X X JIANGXI PROVINCE Chemistry CO., Ltd China Smelter Babu District, Hezhou Hezhou Jinwei Tin Co., Ltd X X Hongqiao Metals (Kunshan) Co., China Smelter Jiangsu Province, Kunshan X X Ltd. Jiangxi Baita Non- China Smelter Ganzhou, Jiangxi X X ferrous Metal Powder Co., Ltd.

China Smelter Lujia Town Kunshan, Jiangsu Kunshan Chengli Tin Co., Ltd X X Smelter [Guangxi China China Smelter Laibin, Guangxi X X Tin Group Co. Ltd.] Xianjing Village, Caoba Town, Mengzi Bofa Mining & Smelting China Smelter X X Mengzi County, Honghe Co., Ltd. Qiaokou Village, Nankang City, Nankang Huashan Non-ferrous China Smelter X X Ganzhou, Jiangxi Metals Smelting Factory

China Smelter Jiangxi Nanshan Tin Co. Ltd. X X X TANGJIAWAN, Primeyoung Metal Ind. (Zhuhai) China Smelter X X Guangdong Co., Ltd Shanghai Sanlian Powder China Smelter Unknown X X Smelting Co., Ltd China Smelter , Jiangxi Shangrao Xuri Smelting Factory X X Shaoxing Tianlong Tin Materials China Smelter Shaoxing,Zhejiang,China X X Co., Ltd China Smelter , Guangdong Shenzhen Anchen Tin Co., Ltd X X

China Smelter Shenzhen, Guangdong Shenzhen Jinpin Tin Co., Ltd X X Shenzhen Qianzhu New Energy China Smelter Shenzhen, Guangdong X Metals Co.,Ltd China Smelter Shenzhen, Guangdong Yuhuada Tin Co., Ltd X X Yunnan Chengfeng Nonferrous China Smelter Gejiu, Yunnan X X X Metals Co. Ltd. Yunnan Geiju Zili Metallurgy China Smelter Huogudu, Yunnan X Co. Ltd. REFINERY / LOCATION OPERATOR AND COUNTRY USGS GAO EICC/GESI OECD SMELTER DETAILS DESCRIPTION OWNERSHIP

Yunnan Tin Co. Ltd. (Yunnan China Smelter Gejiu, Yunnan X X X Tin Corp.) Zhongshan Jinye Smelting Co., China Zhongshan, Guangdong X X Ltd China Humen Town, Guangdong Zhongshi Metal Co., Ltd X X Congo (Kinshasa) Smelter Lubumbashi Malaysia Smelting Corp. Bhd. X

KOVOHUTĚ PŘÍBRAM Czech Republic Smelter Příbram X X NÁSTUPNICKÁ, A.S.

France Smelter Unknown PBT X X

Indonesia Smelter Bangka Belitung Province CV Duta Putra Bangka X X X Indonesia Smelter Bangka Belitung Province CV Justindo X X X

Indonesia Smelter Jalan Rungkut, East Java Province CV Makmur Jaya X X X

Indonesia Smelter Bangka Belitung Province CV Nurjanah X X X Indonesia Smelter Bangka Belitung Province CV Prima Timah Utama X X X Indonesia Smelter Bangka Tenagh CV Serumpun Sebalai X X X Pangkalpinang, Bangka Belitung Indonesia Smelter CV United Smelting X X X Province Indonesia Smelter Bangka Belitung Province PT Alam Lestari Kencana X X X Indonesia Smelter PANGKALPINANG PT Artha Cipta Langgeng X X X Indonesia Smelter Bangka Belitung Province PT Babel Inti Perkasa X X X Indonesia Smelter Bangka Belitung Province PT Babel Surya Alam Lestari X X X PT Bangka Global Mandiri Indonesia Smelter Bangka Belitung Province X X X Internasional Indonesia Smelter Bangka Belitung Province PT Bangka Kudai Tin X X X Indonesia Smelter Bangka Belitung Province PT Bangka Putra Karya X X X PT Bangka Timah Utama Indonesia Smelter Bangka Belitung Province X X X Sejahtera Indonesia Smelter Bangka Belitung Province PT Belitung Industri Sejahtera X X X Indonesia Smelter Bangka Belitung Province PT Billiton Makmur Lestari X X X PT Bukit Timah Tbk (Indoprima Indonesia Smelter Bangka Belitung Province X X X X Group) Indonesia Smelter Bangka Belitung Province PT Donna Kembara Jaya X X X Indonesia Smelter Bangka Belitung Province PT DS Jaya Abadi X X X Indonesia Smelter Bangka Belitung Province PT Eunindo Usaha Mandiri X X X Indonesia Smelter Bangka Belitung Province PT Fang Di Multindo X X X Indonesia Smelter Bangka Belitung Province PT HP Metals Indonesia X X X Indonesia Smelter Bangka Belitung Province PT Koba Tin X X X REFINERY / LOCATION OPERATOR AND COUNTRY USGS GAO EICC/GESI OECD SMELTER DETAILS DESCRIPTION OWNERSHIP

Indonesia Smelter Bangka Belitung Province PT Mitra Stania Prima X X X Indonesia Smelter Bangka Belitung Province PT Refined Bangka Tin X X X Indonesia Smelter Bangka Belitung Province PT Sariwiguna Binasentosa X X X Indonesia Smelter Bangka Belitung Province PT Stanindo Inti Perkasa X X X Indonesia Smelter Bangka Belitung Province PT Sumber Jaya Indah X X X PT Tambang Timah (subsidiary Indonesia Smelter Bangka Belitung Province X X X X of PT Timah) Indonesia Smelter Industrial Zone KIEC, Cilegon PT Timah Nusantara X X X X Koba, Bangka Island, Bangka Indonesia Smelter PT Timah Tbk X X * Belitung Province Kundur Island, Bangka Belitug Indonesia Smelter PT Timah Tbk X * Province Mentok, Bangka Island, Bangka Indonesia Smelter PT Timah Tbk X * Belitung Province Indonesia Smelter Bangka Belitung Province PT Tinindo Inter Nusa X X

Indonesia Smelter Bangka Belitung Province PT Yinchendo Mining Industry X X JAPAN NEW METALS Japan Smelter Unknown X X CO.,LTD Japan Smelter Unknown JX Nippon Mining & Metals X

Japan Smelter Asago, Hyogo Mitsubishi Materials Corporation X X X

Japan Smelter Chiyoda, Tokyo, Japan Mitsubishi Materials Corporation X X Mitsui Mining and Smelting Co., Japan Smelter Unknown X Ltd Japan Smelter Unknown NIKKO X X Japan Smelter Unknown Nippon Micrometal Corp. X X Japan Smelter Unknown Sumisho Material Corp. X X Sumitomo Metal Mining Co., Japan Smelter Unknown X X Ltd. Japan Smelter Unknown Pan Pacific Corp X

Japan Smelter Unknown Senju Metal Industry Co., Ltd. X

Japan Smelter Unknown Sumitomo Metal Mining X Korea, Republic of Smelter Unknown CHANG SUNG (Hana) X X Korea, Republic of Smelter Unknown Poongsan Corporation X X Korea, Republic of Smelter Unknown Hyundai- X X Korea, Republic of Smelter Unknown POSCO X X Korea, Republic of Smelter Unknown TaeguTec Ltd. X Malaysia Smelter Unknown Cookson X X REFINERY / LOCATION OPERATOR AND COUNTRY USGS GAO EICC/GESI OECD SMELTER DETAILS DESCRIPTION OWNERSHIP

Malaysia Smelting Corp. Bhd. (The Straits Trading Co. Ltd., Malaysia Smelter Butterworth, Penang X X X X 37.44%; Malaysia Mining Corp., 37.44%; others, 25.12%)

Malaysia Smelter Unknown Rahman Hydraulic Tin Sdn Bhd X X

Malaysia Smelter Selangor Darul Ehsan Senju Metal Industry Co., Ltd. X X

Peru Smelter Unknown Amalgamet Inc. X X Pisco smelting and refining, Ica Peru Smelter Minsur S.A. X X X X Department Peru Smelter Unknown PT. Refined Bangka Tin X X

Peru Smelter Unknown Senju Metal Industry Co., Ltd. X X

Russia Smelter Izhevsk CSC Pure Technologies X X Novosibirskaya smelter, Russia Smelter Novosibrirsk X X X Novosibirskaya Oblast' Russia Smelter Izhevsk Pure Technology X Russia Smelter Solikamsk, Permskay Solikamsk Magnesium Works X Rwanda Smelter Smelter at Gisenyi Metal Processing Association X X Singapore Smelter Chengfeng Metals Co Pte Ltd X X Singapore Smelter Electroloy Metal Pte X X Heraeus Materials Singapore Pte Singapore Smelter X X Ltd Singapore Smelter Mentok Smelter X

Thailand Smelter Samutprakarn Koki Products Co. Ltd. X X

Thailand Smelter Unknown PT Bukit Timah X X

Thailand Smelter Unknown Senju Metal Industry Co., Ltd. X X

Thailand Smelter Phuket, Phuket Province Thai Sarco X X

Thailand Smelting and Refining Company Ltd. (Thaisarco) Thailand Refinery Phuket, Phuket Province X X X (Amalgamated Metal Corp., 75.25%, and other, 24.75%)

United States Smelter Altoona, Pennsylvania Alpha United States Smelter West Haven, CT Cookson X X United States Smelter Unknown EFD INC. X X United States Smelter Unknown Mansur X X REFINERY / LOCATION OPERATOR AND COUNTRY USGS GAO EICC/GESI OECD SMELTER DETAILS DESCRIPTION OWNERSHIP

United States Smelter Unknown Taboca X X United States Smelter Unknown Technic Inc. X X Thai Nguyen Nonferrous Metal Vietnam Refinery Thai Nguyen, Bac Thai Province X Co. * The OECD lists only one PT Timah Tbk facility.

Information highlighed in orange provided from research conducted by Commerce Table 4. — Global consumers of tungsten concentrates SOURCE OF INFORMATION

LOCATION COUNTRY PLANT DETAILS OPERATOR AND OWNERSHIP USGS GAO OECD DESCRIPTION Ammonium paratungstate Bergla, St. Martin im Sulmtal, Wolfram Bergbau und Hütten AG (Sandvik AB, Austria X X X producer State of Styria 100%) Canada Smelter North American Tungsten X X

Ammonium paratungstate China Fujian Province Fujian Ninghua Jinjiang Tungsten Co. Ltd. X producer

China Smelter Unknown Nonferrous Metals Co., Ltd. X X

Ammonium paratungstate Luanchuan County, Henan China Co., Ltd. X producer Province Ammonium paratungstate Ganzhou City, , China Chongyi Zhangyuan Tungsten Co., Ltd. X producer Jiangxi Province Ammonium paratungstate Dayu smelting plant, Dayu China Dayu Weiliang Tungsten Co., Ltd. X producer County, Jiangxi Province Ammonium paratungstate Dongtai Huihuang Tungsten & Molybdenum Co., China Dongtai City, Jiangsu Province X X X producer Ltd. Sheshan Village, Nanyang Industrial Zone, Shanghang Fujian Ganmin Rare Metal Co. Ltd. [Jiangxi Rare China Ferrotungsten plant X County, Longyan, Fujian Earth & Rare Metals Tungsten Group Corp. (JXTC)] Province Ammonium paratungstate Industrial Estate, Xinluo District, China Fujian Jinxin Tungsten Co., Ltd. X producer Longyan City, Fujian Province Meilin town, Ganzhou city, China Ferrotungsten plant Ganxian County, Jiangxi Ganzhou BESEEM Ferrotungsten Co. Ltd. X Province

Ganzhou city, Ganxian County, Ganzhou Huahan Nonferrous Metals Metallurgical China Smelter X X Jiangxi Province Co., Ltd

Ammonium paratungstate Ganzhou Seadragon W & Mo Co., Ltd. (Ganzhou China Ganzhou, Jiangxi Province X producer Grand Sea W & Mo Group Co., Ltd.) Ganzhou Huaxing Tungsten Products Co. Ltd. [Jiangxi Tungsten Industry Group Co. Ltd. (JWYX) Ammonium paratungstate China Ganzhou, Jiangxi Province [joint venture between China Minmetals and Jiangxi X X X producer Rare Earth and Rare Metals Tungsten Group Corp. (JXTC)]] Ganzhou Jiangwu Ferrotungsten Co. Ltd. [Jiangxi Tungsten Industry Group Co. Ltd. (JWYX) [joint China Ferrotungsten plant Ganzhou City, Jiangxi Province venture between China Minmetals and Jiangxi Rare X Earth and Rare Metals Tungsten Group Corp. (JXTC)]] LOCATION COUNTRY PLANT DETAILS OPERATOR AND OWNERSHIP USGS GAO OECD DESCRIPTION Ammonium paratungstate Zhanggong, Ganzhou, Jiangxi China Ganzhou Non-ferrous Metals Smelting Co., Ltd. X X X producer Province Ganzhou Haichuang Tungsten Industry Co., Ltd. Ammonium paratungstate China Xincheng [Ganzhou Tejing Tungsten & Molybdenum Co., Ltd. X X X producer (GZTJ)]

China Smelter Ganzhou, Jiangxi Province X X Ganzhou Sinda W&MO Co.,Ltd

China Smelter Ganzhou, Jiangxi Province X X Ganzhou Xin Yu mine smelting Ltd. Ammonium paratungstate Ganxian County, Ganzhou, China Ganzhou Yuanchi New Material Co., Ltd. X producer Jiangxi Province Ammonium paratungstate Guantang Industrial Zone, GuangDong XiangLu Tungsten Co., Ltd. (Chaozhou China X X X producer Chaoan, Guangdong Province Xianglu Tungsten Industry Co., Ltd.)

Haisheng Tungsten & Molybdenum Material Co., China Smelter X X Ltd Ammonium paratungstate H.C. Starck GmbH and Jiangxi Rare Metals China Ganzhou, Jiangxi Province X producer Tungsten Holdings Group Co. Ltd. China Smelter Hunan Non-ferrous Metals Corp., Ltd X X

Ammonium paratungstate Chenzhou Mining Tungsten China Hunan Chenzhou Mining Group Co. Ltd. X producer Products Plant, Hunan Province Wu Town, Hengdong County, China Ferrotungsten plant Hunan Chuangda Metallurgy Group Co. Ltd. X Hunan Province Ammonium paratungstate Xintang town, Hengdong County, Hunan Chun-chang Non-ferrous Smelting & China X X producer Hunan Province Concentrating Co., Ltd. Ammonium paratungstate Diamond Road, Hetang District, Zhuzhou Cemented Carbide Group Co., Ltd. [Hunan China X X X producer Zhuzhou, Hunan Province Nonferrous Metals Holding Group (HNG)] Ammonium paratungstate Renmin Road, Zigong, Sichuan Zigong Cemented Carbide Co., Ltd. [Hunan China X producer Province Nonferrous Metals Holding Group (HNG)] China Smelter , Jiangsu Jiangsu Dongpu Tungsten & Molybdenum Co., Ltd X X Jiangsu Dongtai Fengfeng Tungsten & Molybdenum China Smelter Nanjing, Jiangsu X X Material Co., Ltd China Smelter Nanjing, Jiangsu Jiangsu Hetian Technological Material Co.,Ltd X X China Smelter Jiujiang, Jiangxi Province Jiangxi Jutong Co.,Ltd X X China Smelter Jiujiang, Jiangxi Province Jiangxi Tungsten Co.,Ltd X X China Smelter Jiujiang, Jiangxi Province Jiangxi Xinsheng Tungsten Industry Co.,Ltd X X China Smelter Jiujiang, Jiangxi Province Jiujiang Tanbre's Smeltery X X LOCATION COUNTRY PLANT DETAILS OPERATOR AND OWNERSHIP USGS GAO OECD DESCRIPTION

Huanglong industrial district, Ammonium paratungstate China Huanglong town, , Jiangxi Dayu Longxintai Tungsten Co., Ltd. X producer Ganzhou city, Jiangxi Province Jiangxi Richsea New Material Co., Ltd. (Ganzhou China Ferrotungsten plant Ganzhou, Jiangxi Province X Grand Sea W & Mo Co., Ltd.) Changlong Town, Ganzhou, Ammonium paratungstate China Chongyi County, Jiangxi Jiangxi Yaosheng Tungsten Co., Ltd. X producer Province Langfang Tungsten & Molybdenum Material Plant, west Ammonium paratungstate Langfang (Torch) Huaying Tungsten & China of Shengqiao Bridge, Guangming X producer Molybdenum Industry Co., Ltd. West Road, Langfang, Hebei Province Luoyang Kefa Non-ferrous Metals &Materials China Smelter Luoyang ,Henan X X Co.,Ltd Qiancun, Heyu Town, Luanchuan Ammonium paratungstate Luoyang Mudu Tungsten & Molybdenum China County, Luoyang, Henan X X X producer Technology Co., Ltd. Province Luoyang Tongxing Tungsten & Molybdenum Co., China Smelter Luoyang ,Henan X X Ltd

Ammonium paratungstate Xiagou industry region, Xigong Luoyang Yongzhuo Tungsten & Molybdenum China X X X producer district, Luoyang, Henan Province Material Co., Ltd.

China Smelter Luoyang ,Henan Luoyang Zhihang Tungsten & Molybdenum Co., Ltd X X

Xinxiangxi Lu, , China Ferrotungsten plant Minmetals (Hunan) Ferroalloys Co. Ltd. X Hunan Province Ammonium paratungstate Cemented Carbide Limited Liability China Nanchang, Jiangxi Province X X X producer Company Chuantou Emei Ferroalloy, Jiuli Sichuan Chuantou Emei Ferroalloy (Group) Co., China Ferrotungsten plant township, Emei Shan city, X Ltd. Sichuan Province China Ferrotungsten plant , Jilin Province Jilin Ferroalloy Corporation Ltd. X Tongling Nonferrous Metals Group Holdings China Smelter Tongling City, Anhui Province X X Co.,Ltd

China Smelter Weihai, Shandong, China Wendeng Tungsten Co., Ltd. X

No. 5, Mishan West Rd., Ammonium paratungstate China Wendeng, Weihai, Shandong Wendeng Zhengxing Tungsten Industry Co., Ltd. X X producer Province Honglu Tungsten Molybdenum Industry China Smelter Xiamen Fujian X X Co.Ltd LOCATION COUNTRY PLANT DETAILS OPERATOR AND OWNERSHIP USGS GAO OECD DESCRIPTION Fujian Xiamen Tungsten Products Ammonium paratungstate China Plant, Haicang, Xiamen, Fujian Xiamen Tungsten Co., Ltd. (CXTC) X X X producer Province Ammonium paratungstate Guihua Village, Renhua County, China Xinhai Rendan Shaoguan Tungsten Co., Ltd. X X X producer Shaoguan, Guangdong Province

China Smelter Ganzhou, Jiangxi Province Zhangyuan Tungsten Co.,Ltd X X France Smelter Unknown Air Product X X Ammonium paratungstate Germany Im Schleeke, Goslar H.C. Starck GmbH X X producer Germany Smelter Unknown Sumitomo Metal Mining X X Churchgate, Mumbai, India Ferrotungsten plant Bharat Pulverising Mills Ltd. X Maharashtra State SDKC Unit, Verka, Amritsar, India Ferrotungsten plant Mehra Ferro-Alloys Pvt Ltd. X Punjab Thane-Belapur, Mumbai, India Ferrotungsten plant Sunbel Alloys Co. of India Ltd. X Maharashtra State Rairangpur, Sundargarh District, India Ferrotungsten plant Superb-Metal alloys (Pvt.) Ltd. X Odisha State Japan Smelter Osaka Izawa Metal Co., Ltd X X Ammonium paratungstate Japan Akita, Akita Prefecture Japan New Metals Co. Ltd. X X producer Japan Smelter Unknown JX Nippon Mining & Metals Co. Ltd X X Japan Smelter Unknown Mitsubishi Material X X Japan Smelter Unknown Pan Pacific Corp X X Japan Smelter Oita Saganoseki Smelter & Refinery X X Japan Smelter Unknown Sumitomo Metal Mining Co. Ltd. X X Japan Smelter Okayama Tamano Smelter, Hibi Kyodo Smelting Co., Ltd X Korea, Republic of Smelter Daegu TaeguTec Ltd. X X Russia Unknown H.C. Starck X X Ammonium paratungstate Nalchik, Kabardino-Balkariya Russia JSC Hydrometallurg (Wolfram Company CJSC) X X X producer Republic, North Caucasus Ammonium paratungstate Kirovgrad Hard Alloys Plant, Russia JSC KZTS X producer Kirovgrad, Sverdlovskaya Oblast Novosibirsk Integrated Tin Tin producer that consumes tin- Russia Works, Novosibirsk, Novosibirsk JSC Novosibirsk Integrated Tin Works X tungsten ore Region Ammonium paratungstate Pobedit JSC, Vladikavkaz, North Russia JSC Pobedit (Wolfram Company CJSC) X producer Ossetia Republic Russia Sumitomo Metal Mining X X Ammonium paratungstate Taiwan Zhang Bing Industrial Taiwan Taiwan Wolfram Metal Industry Co., Ltd. X producer Park LOCATION COUNTRY PLANT DETAILS OPERATOR AND OWNERSHIP USGS GAO OECD DESCRIPTION United States Smelter Allentown Pennsylvania Air Products X X United States Smelter La Vergne, Tennessee ATI Metalworking Products X X Ammonium paratungstate Niagara Refining LLC (Buffalo Tungsten Inc. and United States Depew, New York X X X producer Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd.) Ammonium paratungstate United States Towanda, Pennsylvania Global Tungsten & Powders Corp. X X X producer Tungsten carbide producer that United States Fallon, Nevada Kennametal Inc. X consumes concentrate Ammonium paratungstate United States Huntsville, Alabama Kennametal Inc. (previously ATI Alldyne) X producer United States Smelter Euclid, Ohio H.C. Starck GmbH Ammonium paratungstate United States White Bear Lake, Minnesota Tungsten Diversified Industries LLC X producer United States Smelter Rockford, IL Voss Metals Company, Inc X X Ammonium paratungstate Uzbek Refractory and Heat-Resistant Metals (OJSC Uzbekistan Chirchiq, Tashkent region X producer "UzKTJM") Tan Tien Industrial Zone, Vinh ATC Ferrotungsten [Asia Tungsten Products Vietnam Ferrotungsten plant X Bao District, Hai Phong Vietnam Ltd. (ATC)] Ammonium paratungstate Dai Tu District, Thai Nguyen Nui Phao Mining Company Ltd. and H.C. Starck Vietnam X producer Province GmbH Ammonium paratungstate Nhon Trach District, Dong Nai Vietnam Sanher Tungsten Vietnam Co. Ltd. X producer Province Ammonium paratungstate Trang Bang District, TayNinh Vietnam Tejing (Vietnam) Tungsten Co., Ltd. X producer Province Ammonium paratungstate Cailan Industrial Zone, Halong Vietnam Vietnam Youngsun Tungsten Industry Co. Ltd. X producer City, Quang Ninh Province Cailan Industrial Zone, Halong Vietnam Ferrotungsten plant Vietnam Youngsun Tungsten Industry Co. Ltd. X City, Quang Ninh Province

Information highlighed in orange provided from research conducted by Commerce