Study of effect of Nereis diversicolor in growth and survival of persicus larvae

Item Type Report

Authors Pajand, Zabih Ollah; Haddadi Moghadam, K.; Chubian, F.; Pourali, H.R.; Rufchaei, R.; Fallahshomali, A.A.; Hossinnia, E.

Publisher Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute

Download date 02/10/2021 13:59:08

Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/1834/13304

–

: ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮ ﻛﺮم ﻧﺮﺋﻴﺲ ( Nereis diversicolor) در رﺷﺪ و ﺑﺎزﻣﺎﻧﺪﮔﻲ ﻻرو ﺗﺎﺳﻤﺎﻫﻲ اﻳﺮاﻧﻲ

:

40916

(Nereis diversicolor ) : 12862 87015 : : / :( ) : / - : – : : : 87 1/2/ : 3 3 : : 20 :( ) 1391 : . .

« »

(Nereis diversicolor ) :

862 12 87015 :

91 22/3/ : 40916 :( )

.

. 17 90 10/8/

:

■

.

» » 1 ...... 3 ...... 7 ...... 1 7 ...... 11 8 ...... 21 8 ...... (cipenser persicus  ) 31 12 ...... 41 16 ...... (Nereis diversicolor ) 51 21 ...... 61 24 ...... 2 24 ...... 12 29 ...... 22 30 ...... 32 31 ...... 42: 33 ...... 52 34 ...... 62 35 ...... 3 35 ...... 13 37 ...... 23 37 ...... 33 38 ...... 43 39 ...... 53 40 ...... 63 45 ...... 4 ....45 ...... 14 46 ...... 24 48 ...... 34

» »

..49 ...... 44 50 ...... 54 54 ...... 64 55 ...... 56 ...... 57 ...... 62 ...... 1 /...

5 .

(Z) % 100

% 50 (N) % 100

(NC) % 50 (NZ)

. (NZC) % 33 3/

200

. 0.5

15 .

24.52 95.66

60 60 .

8 (... pH )

5 20 30 .

7.5 ± 0.1 pH 22.8 ± 1.3 .

BWI . 6.58 ±0.9

. FCR SGR K % WG

SGR K % WG BWI .

SGR GR BWI .( P≤0/05 ) FCR

NZ N

ZNC NZ . N NZ 2/

NZ .

NZ N FCR .

N .

. 15 ( 85.55 ±3.37 ) NZC ( 96.11 ±1.46 )

n-6 n-3 .

.

. Nereis diversicolor :

3 /...

) ω3

( 1382

.

( Ivanov et al., 1999;Lukyanenko et al. , 1996 )

.( 1381 )

.

. 1941 1939 Nereis diversicolor

1944

300000 1948 .

200 150 .

.

. 4/

.

.

.(Krasnidembskaya, 1993 )

.( 1386 )

.

. (Kasumyan, 2002)

. (Kolman et al., 1996)

.

.( Merchie et al .,1995 )

. (Sproul & Tominaga, 1992)

.

. 5 /...

1980 . (Gapasin et al ., 1998 ;Merchie et al ., 1997)

. (Furuita et al ., 1999)

DHA EPA 18

. (Furuita., 1999)

DHA EPA

. (Copeman et al ., 2002)

3 1995 Kiron

.

.

.

.

.

6/

. 105

( Polychaeta ) ( Annelida )

.

( 1382 )

. ( 1386 )

(EPA,DHA)

.

. (Acipenser persicus )

7 /...

1

11

(Acipenseridae) .( 1381 )

() (Polyodontidae)

. ()

_ () _

(Osteichthyes) .

. (Ichthyes)

(Acipenserinae) (Acipenseridae)

(Acipenserinae) . ()

. () (Acipenser)

. 16

.( 1382 )

( 2002 ) Lim Webster

( 2002 ) Lim Webster .

.

8/

21

( )11

.

11.

Acipenser persicus

A. guldenstaedti A. stellatus

A. nudiventris Huso huso

31

( ) A. persicus 131

. 1897

( ) ( ) ( 1933 )

Acipenser guldenstadtipersicus Borodin

.

1979 1974

. Acipenser persicus Borodin

9 /...

21. OSTEICHTHYES Acipenseriformes Acipenseridae Acipenserinae Acipenser persicus

231

170 . 70 228

. 35 25

.

.

. .

.( Holcik, 1989 ) .

11

75/3 . 4

.( Holcik, 1989 ) .

10/

331

.

.

. (Berg, 1948)

21

431

.

. (Khoroshko, 1970)

. (Legeza,1970,1973) 11 /...

.

.

.

.

20 22 ë

. (Khoroshko, 1970)

531

( )

.

.

.

. .

.

0.71

.

( ) 12/

.( 1376 ).

41

D. pulex Daphnia magna

Nauplius Cyclops

. Moina sp .

. 5.3 11.2 1389

.

( Daphnia ) 141

1141

: 50

( D. magna ) 1

( D. pulex ) 2

( D. lingispina ) 3

( D. bosmina ) 4

. )31(

13 /...

31 Arthropoda Crustacea Branchiopoda Diplostracha Cladocera  Daphnidae  Daphnia  D. magna 

2141

.

. Suzanne,2001  ( 2.5 )

1.53

9.5 pH .

. . 6.5

. 18 22

. .

1.8 – 2.1 6 5 .

0.8 .

. 0.7

.

. 20 . 14/

. 20 2

( Ebert,2  )

770 350

2.53 .

1200 .

25

. 6

.

2

40 25 .

.( 1388 ) 56 20

.

5 .

.

. .

.

15 /...

3141

.

.

.

.

.

.

.( 1388 )

31

4141

.

. 16/

.

.

.

.

. (n-3) HUFA

.

. .

.

 . 

. 

.( 1388 )

(Nereis diversicolor ) 51 

151

mm ) . ( Polychaeta ) ( Annelida )

. . (150

.

( metameres ) .

N. .

N. 200 N. virens 80 N. dumeriui cultrifera 17 /...

. 100 diversicolor

4

. 4

41( )

)41( .( Dales, 1954 )

. N. diversicolor

N. diversicolor 41

N. diversicolor 41

Metazoa Annelida Polycheata Phyllodocidae Nereidae Nereis Nereis diversicolor

18/

251

N. diversicolor

.

.

Nereis diversicolor

.

351

Semelparity .

itrroparity

.

( ) iteroparous

.

.

) .

. (Schroeder and Hermans, 1975) ( Cirratulidae Syllidae

. (Olive & Garwood, 1983)

. (Goerke, 1984)

. (Zeeck et al., 1988) 19 /...

1913 Just Lillie

1973 Rasmussen

.

.

. .

79 (Olive et al ., 1984) N. pelagica 75

(Cassai and Prevedelli, 1998) Perinereis cultrifera

62

.( Cassai and Prevedelli, 1998) Perinereis rullieri

. (Fischer, 1984; Olive and Garwood, 1981)

.

.

) N. diversicolor

.(

. (Durchon, 1948, 1952)

451

. (Adarian et al ., 2009)

20/

(Dinis, . (Batista et al .,2003)

. 1986; (Gambi et al. , 1994; Olive,1999

.(Dinis, 1986; Gambi , et al ., 1994; Olive, 1999)

(Bradshaw et al ., 1990; (Nielsen et al ., 1995;

. Riisgard,1991

. (Ogle and Lotz, 1998 (Lotz, 1997;

.

.

. ( )

(Kristensen, 1983; (Ozoh and Jones,1990

N. diversicolor . (Dinis, 1986; Gambi, et al ., 1994; Olive,1999)

.

( ARA EPA DHA )

. 63 ( Fidalgo e Costa, 1999 )

N. diversicolor 49

. (Adarian et al ., 2009)

. PUFAs

. 21 /...

ARA .

.

N. diversicolor

. (Adarian et al , 2009)

DHA EPA Omega-3

.

61

1999 Fidalgo  Nereis diversicolor

2002 Seabait . 2003

.

2002 1999 Olive

2002 Vedrasco .

(Moina ,Daphnia ,Artemia )

55 10

. 30 20

15 40 30 20 20

. 22/

2004 Lietz

Tubifex

15 Lumbriculid lumbriculus Branchiura sowerbyi tubifex

1985 Ćeskleba .

Acipenser fulvescens

.

. Tubifex sp.

1381

.

.

. (Dinis, 1986; Gambi et al., 1994; Olive, 1999)

. 1374

. 1996 Kolman

.( Pourali and Mohseni, 2006 )

23 /...

.

2002 Lim Webster

.

.

.( Merchie et al. ,1995 )

.

.

.( Webster & Lim, 2002)

24/

2

12

. 87 18/7/

.

7

100 ( 0.003 ) (2 0.018 )

4 8 ppt

. 8

17 87 4/8/

. 2

10 ppt 5 ppt 13 4 4

4 16 1000

. 10 1

2 .

130 40 15 .

7 88 28/2/ .

.

12( ) 10000

. .

6 88 29/1/

12( ) 10 25 /...

60 7 .

.( 2272 )

12

6 22

26/

42 60 32

52

72 62

27 /...

82( ) 14

60

.( 92 )

82

92

28/

. 112( ) 102( )

112 102

122( ) 2

. ( ) 1500

.

6 22 49

6200

150

.

29 /...

22

.

5 12

.

.

= 3 N  2: Z  :( 1)

50 ) = 4 NZ ( 50 ) ( 50 )

( 33.33 ) = 5 NC  ( 50 ) (

NZC ( 33.33 ) ( 33.33 )

12 5 4 3 2 1 + + ) + + ( % 25 + % 75 % 25 + % 75 % 75 % 75 % 100 7 % 25 + % 25 + % 30 + % 50 % 30 + % 50 % 50 % 50 % 100 8 % 20 + % 20 + % 50 + % 50 + % 40 + % 40 % 40 + % 30 % 50 % 25 % 100 9 % 20 + % 30 + % 50 + % 75 + % 33.3 + % 33.3 % 50 + % 10 % 50 % 100 % 100 10 % 33.3 + % 40 + % 50 + % 33.3 + % 33.3 % 50 % 50 + % 50 % 100 % 100 11 % 33.3 + % 50 +

30/

32

.

.

20 1 100

60 25 3/0 60

( 60 )

.( 132 )

.

213 212

1

.

.

.

60

. 3 31 /...

56 30 40

.

10

. 30

.

.

10 15

. 15

2 p

. 142( ) / 001

142 60 132 

42

( ) (SGR )

(CF) (FCR) (BWI)

.(Tacon , 1987) 32/

(Survival Rate)

=( / ) × 100

( wahli et al .,2003 )

( Specific growth rate ) SGR ( ) -

Specific growth rate(SGR)=Ln final wight-Ln initial weight/Days× 100

( Zhou,2006 )

Wi=

Wf=

N =

:( Body weight index ) BWI

BWI= (BWf-Bwi) /Bwi ×100 (Wang,et al.,2003 )

Bwi =

BWf =

:( Feed conversion Ratio)

Feed conversion ratio (FCR)= Food intake(F) /wet weight gain ( Wi-Wf)

F=

Wi =

Wf =

(Lim et al.,2002 )

( K CF

K =BW/TL 3×100

BW= 33 /...

TL=

( Hung & Deng, 2002 ; Akbulut et al., 2002)

:( Growth rate ) GR

GR= ( BWf – Bwi ) /n

Bwi=

Bwf=

N =

(Hung et al., 1989)

52

(Howel. l et al ., 1995)

:

. 2 5 1/0 : 1(

. 10

100 NaOH =2 2

( ) BF3 /2 175 : 2(

. 32

1 5/1 3(

.

100 NaCl 30 :

2 .

Na2so4 5/0 34/

5 1500 .

(Gas GC .

. Chromatography)

BPX 70 . Unicam 4600

FID ( Detector ) . 25/0 30

240 250 ( Injector ) . 30

3 . 170 5 .

. 20 200

.

62

. one-Way ANOVA

Excel . % 95

. SPSS

35 /...

3

13

pH

1387 2 14 .

16 .

10 ppt 2 ppt

.

1387

. 450 2

1388

. 1 .

:1 20 18 16 14 12 10

) 8 c ( 6 4 2 0

10 14 18 22 26 1/12 1/16 1/20 1/24 1/28 2/02 2/06 2/ 2/ / / / 1 1 1 1 1 7/ 7/ 7/1 7/1 7/1 7/1 7/12 7/12 7/12 387/ 38 38 38 38 38 38 38 8 8 1387/10/221387/10/261387/10/301387/11/041387/11/081387/ 1387/ 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 13 13 روز 71/4 1/89/7 p . 105 ppt

. 36/

. 1333

7 66 1/ 02/2 320 6/ 45/0

. 66 13 ( Mean ±SD) 15

( 15 )

(mm) (mg )

7±1 2/02 ±0/64 0/45 ±0/26 8 2/9 0/8 5 1/3 0/1 23 ( Mean ±SD) 40

( 40 ) (mm) (mg ) 40 ±3 18 /21 ±2/40 10 /63 ±2/97

45 21 /8 14 /9

36 13 /9 5/9 33 ( Mean ±SD) 130 ( 130 ) (mm) (mg ) 66 ±2 66.1 ±13 /6 320 /6±229 /7 71 85 738 /3

63 47 205 37 /...

23

30/7 pH 22 8/ . 43

pH 35/6 mg/L

. (P ≥0/05)

pH 43 22 7/ ± 41/1 22 8/ ±0 22 8/ ± 43/1 22 8/ ± 41/1 22 8/ ± 39/1 (c°) 19 3/ 22 8/ 19 6/ 19 5/ 19 6/ 26 4/ 22 8/ 26 6/ 26 5/ 26 4/ 74/6 ± 84/0 54/6 ± 21/1 15/6 ± 2/1 31/6 ± 69/0 31/6 ± 97/0 03/5 3/3 4 54/4 46/4 38/8 61/8 93/7 91/7 87/7 44/7 ± 18/0 45/7 ± 22/0 29/7 ± 14/0 33/7 ± 11/0 33/7 ± 11/0 pH 7/1 7/11 7/05 7/09 7/11 75/7 91/7 63/7 54/7 53/7

33

53

. (P ≥0/05)

38/ (Mean ± S.E.) 53 NZC NC NZ N Z a a a a a 25 /1±0/3 24 /6±0/9 24 /4±0/54 23 /8±0/32 24 /7±0/1 (mm ) a ab bc c b 36 /5±0/5 37 /6±0/2 38 /9±0/4 40 /2±0/3 38 /3±0/8 (mm ) a a a a a 98 /71 ±0/69 95 /59 ±0/78 96 /32 ±0/26 93 /54 ±0/34 94 /32 ±0/58 (mg ) a b d d c 210 /83 ±1/56 223 /87 ±3/81 282 /21 ±4/16 278 /82 ±3/13 239 /75 ±0/86 (mg )

) NC ( ) N 

ZNC NC Z N (p ≥0/05) (

N . (P ≤0.05)

. ( 36.5 ±0.5 ) ZNC ( 40.2 ±0.3 )

. (p ≥0/05) NZ N 

. ( 210.83 ±1.56 ) ZNC ( 282.21 ±4.16 ) NZ

43

. 63

( Shapiro Wilk )

. ( One-Way ANOVA )

(SGR) (GR) ( CF) BWI (mg )

GR BWI . (P ≤0.05) (FCR)

NZ N SGR

SGR GR BWI . N NZ 39 /...

NZ . ZNC NZ

NZ N FCR .

.

5 63

NZC NC NZ N Z a b d d c 115 /17 ±1/05 128 /20 ±3/98 186 /54 ±3/98 183 /16 ±3/69 144 /08 ±1/12 BWI a b d d c 7/67 ±0/12 8/54 ±0/26 12 /43 ±0/26 12 /21 ±0/42 9/60 ±0/07 GR a b d d c -1 5/26 ±0/01 5/66 ±0/12 7/21 ±0/09 7/13 ±0/11 6/12 ±0/05 SGR (% day ) a a b a c 0/43 ±0/00 0/41 ±0/00 0/47 ±0/00 0/43 ±0/00 0/43 ±0/01 CF b b a a b 10 /15 ±1/06 9/36 ±0/40 5/94 ±0/24 5/80 ±0/02 9/53 ±0/45 FCR

53

. 73

. 85% 55/

NZC NC Z NZ N Z

96 11/ ± 46/1 ) N

. 15 85( 55/ ± 37/3 ) NZC (

73 (%) 91 11/ ± 2 ab 54 66/ ± 2/1 ab 60 Z 96 11/ ± 1.46 b 57 66/ ± 88/0 b 60 N 92 22/ ± 2.93 ab 55 33/ ± 76/1 ab 60 NZ 87 22/ ± 2 a 52 33/ ± 2/1 a 60 NC 85 55/ ± 3.37 a 51 33/ ± 02/2 a 60 NZC

40/

63

153 83

( SFA ) .

Z ( 31 92/ 32 90/ 31 26/ 31 10/ ) NZC NZ NC N

.( 40 12/ )

( ) (SFA ) 83 NZC NC NZ N Z ( ) 2/12 2/62 2/28 1/11 9/40 C14:0 20 /96 21 /49 21 /03 21 /06 23 /89 C16:0 6/72 6/63 6/18 7/88 5/24 C18:0 1/98 0/22 2/99 0 0/91 C20:0 0/14 0/30 0/42 1/05 0/68 C22:0 31 /92 31 /26 32 /90 31 /10 40 /12 Total SFA ( ) (SFA ) 93 NZC NC NZ N Z ( ) 99/0 76/0 34/0 60/0 96/1 C14:0 21 48/ 23 46/ 22 92/ 18 84/ 24 23/ C16:0 14 13/ 15 05/ 14 83/ 12 17/ 12 14/ C18:0 0 0 27/0 0 14/0 C20:0 18/0 18/0 14/0 65/0 32/0 C22:0 36 78/ 39 45/ 38 50/ 32 26/ 38 79/ Total SFA ( ) ( MUFA ) 3 10 NZC NC NZ N Z ( ) 0/12 0/44 1/18 0/27 1/94 C14:1n5 5/34 4/15 5/68 2/39 13 /39 C16:1n-7 21 /80 25 /43 12 /96 4/33 12 /53 C18:1n-9 4/45 2/45 5/79 5/19 2/38 C18:1n-7 0/27 1/15 1/25 1/08 0/99 C20:1n-9 31 /98 33 /62 26 /86 13 /26 31 /23 Total MUFA 41 /...

( ) ( MUFA ) 113 NZC NC NZ N Z ( ) 0/28 0/18 0/09 0/14 0/34 C14:1n5 1/77 2/14 1/80 1/83 8/48 C16:1n-7 3/71 3/70 4/15 3/48 4/81 C18:1n-7 23 /63 20 /30 20 18 /79 16 /68 C18:1n-9 0/31 0/27 1/09 1/74 0/82 C20:1n-9 29 /70 26 /59 27 /13 25 /98 31 /13 Total MUFA ( n– ()6 n– )3 123 ( ) ( PUFA ) NZC NC NZ N Z ( ) 5/17 2/10 6/51 0/93 3/70 C18:3n-3 0/33 0/50 0/22 1/23 1/25 C18:4n-3 20/0 76/0 33/0 07/4 22/1 C20:3n-3 3/47 2/12 7/44 12 /17 3/10 C20:5n-3 25/0 54/0 92/0 40/3 18/0 C22:5n-3 (DPA) 09/1 78/0 79/0 17/2 45/0 C22:6n-3 10 /51 6/8 16 /21 23 /97 9/90 Total (n-3) PUFA 0/31 0/37 0/18 5/60 0/27 g C18:3n-6 14 /04 16 /94 5/96 2/01 6/73 C18:2n-6 1/26 0/40 2/38 6/76 0/42 g C20:3n-6 0/19 0/38 0/52 1/78 0/15 C20:4n-6 0/22 1/08 1/70 6/65 0/09 C22:5n-6 16 /02 19 /17 10 /74 22 /80 7/66 Total (n-6) PUFA 42/ ( n– ()6 n– )3 133 ( ) ( PUFA ) NZC NC NZ N Z ( ) 0/86 0/75 0/63 0/57 0/45 C18:3n-3 0/91 0/96 0/24 0/42 1/69 C18:4n-3 0/41 0/72 0/35 0/50 1/51 C20:3n-3 4/06 4/16 5/77 4/78 2/9 C20:5n-3 1/17 1/10 1/62 1/94 0/71 (DPA) C22:5n-3 5/32 7/94 7/94 6/78 2/72 C22:6n-3 12 /73 15 /63 16 /55 14 /99 9/98 Total (n-3) PUFA 0/26 0/24 0/14 0/62 0/11 g C18:3n-6 8/34 6/32 3/35 8/10 3/12 C18:2n-6 0/58 0/14 0/57 2/20 0/22 g C20:3n-6 1/71 1/98 2/17 3/02 1/1 C20:4n-6 1/02 0/58 0/95 1/04 0/84 C22:5n-6 11 /91 9/26 7/18 14 /98 5/39 Total (n-6) PUFA ( ) 143 NZC NC NZ N Z ( ) 31 /92 31 /26 32 /90 31 /10 40 /12 Saturated faty acid ∑SFA 31 /98 33 /62 26 /86 13 /26 31 /23 Mono unsaturated fatty acid ∑MUFA 26 /53 25 /97 26 /95 46 /77 17 /56 Poly unsaturated fatty acid ∑PUFA 6/68 6/06 14 /08 37 5/61 High unsaturated fatty acid ∑HUFA 10 /51 6/8 216 23 /97 9/90 ∑n-3PUFA 16 /02 19 /17 10 /74 22 /80 7/66 ∑n-6PUFA 0/66 0/35 1/51 1/05 1/29 n-3/n-6 0/31 0/37 0/11 0/18 0/15 DHA/EPA 4/76 8/05 4/17 3/64 1/32 %Lipid total ( ) 3 15 NZC NC NZ N Z ( ) 36 /78 39 /45 38 /50 32 /26 38 /79 Saturated faty acid ∑SFA 29 /70 26 /59 27 /13 25 /98 31 /13 Mono unsaturated fatty acid ∑MUFA 24 /64 24 /89 23 /73 29 /97 15 /37 Poly unsaturated fatty acid ∑PUFA 14 /27 16 /62 19 /37 23 /37 10 High unsaturated fatty acid ∑HUFA 12 /73 15 /63 16 /55 14 /99 9/98 ∑n-3 PUFA 11 /91 9/26 7/18 14 /98 5/39 ∑n-6 PUFA 1/07 1/69 2/31 1 1/85 n-3/n-6 1/31 1/91 1/38 1/42 0/94 DHA/EPA 2/10 10 /57 2/14 2/58 1/02 %Lipid total 43 /...

Z N PUFA

N ( ARA, 20:4n-6) . ( 17 56/ 46 77/ )

( 15/0 ) Z ( 78/1 )

. NZC NC NZ

n-3 % 100

( 23 97/ )( n-3PUFA )

( )8/6

n-6 .( 90/9 10 51/ 16 21/ )

39/5 14 98/ ) Z N ( n-6PUFA )

18/7 ) NZC NC NZ (

.( 11 91/ 26/9

NZC NZ N (EPA, 20:5n-3) HUFA

(DHA, 22:6n-3)

. Z N (ARA, 20:4n-6)

N Z ( EPA, 20:5n-3)

NZC NC NZ ( 89/6 )9/2

( DHA, 22:6n-3) .( 06/4 16/4 77/5 )

( 72/2 ) Z ( 94/7 94/7 ) NC NZ

NZC N

51/1 ) n-3/n-6 NC NZ .( 32/5 78/5 )

NZ NC DHA/EPA ( 35/0

( 11/0 37/0 )DHA/EPA 44/

( 66/0 05/1 29/1 ) NZC N Z n-3/n-6

N NZ n-3/n-6

NZC NC Z ( 00/1 31/2 )

DHA/EPA .( 07/1 69/1 85/1 )

.( 15/0 18/0 31/0 37/0 ) Z N NZC NC

Z NC DHA/EPA

NZC NZ N ( 94/0 91/1 )

.( 31/1 38/1 42/1 )

45 /...

4

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

14

pH

.( 1383 )

30/7 22 8/ ë 35/6 ppm

. 46/

pH

16 22 87 ppm 7

.

24

15

.

(SGR) (K CF ) (% WG)

(FCR)

1994 Kroll .

.

1985 Dabrowski

.

. (Hung, 1991) A. transmontanus

.

SGR

cannibalism . 47 /...

.

% 50

% 100 ) ( ) % 50

(%WG) (

(FCR) (SGR)

20 .

.( Nielsen, et al ., 1995) 26

. ( % 100 )

( % 33 3/ % 33 3/ % 33 3/ )

(EPA, HUFA 18:1n-7 n- 18:3n-3 ( DHA, 22:6n-3) 20:5n-3) n- 18:2n-6 6PUFA

EPA HUFA 18:1n-9 MUFA 18:2n-6 6PUFA

. ( Huang et al ., 2007; Miller et al ., 2007) DHA

. (ener et al ., 2005) (n-3 , n-6)

( Lateolabrax japonicus ) sea bass ( 2006 ) Xue

( EPA )

.

Martino et ) n-6 n-3

( al., 2002 48/

Blanchard )

.( et al ., 2008

HUFA PUFA ( 2003 ) Montero

(DHA, 22:6n-3) ( EPA, 20:5n-3) (ARA, 20:4n-6)

.

34

.

25 60 40

.

.

.

100 0.1 ±0.01

15 (. 1389 ) 500 180

)

A. transmontanus . (

.( Hung et al .,1997 )

( 92 22/ 96 11/ ) NZ N ( p> 05/0 )

85( 55/ 87 22/ ) NZC NC

49 /...

( DN ) .

. ( NC )

.

2004 Lietz .( 1382 )

Branchiura Tubifex tubifex

Lumbriculid lumbriculus sowerbyi

2006 Ćeskleba .

Acipenserfulvescens

Ćeskleba .

. Tubifex sp.

( 2000 ) Kolkovski

Seabream 80%

.

44

.( Blanchard et al ., 2008 ) 50/

( LNA, 18:3n-3) ( ARA, 20:4n-6) ( LA,18:2n-6)

( DHA, 22:6n-3) ( EPA, 20:5n-3)

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. 116 . . 14. Akbulut, B., Sahin, T., Aksungur, N., and Aksungur, M., 2002. Effect of initial size on growth rate of Rainbow Trout, Oncorynchus mykiss , reared in cages on the Turkish Black Sea coast. Turkish journal of fisheries and aquatic sciences Vol. 2, pp.133-136. 15. Adarian, A.; Patrick, F.; Uwe,W., 2009. The fatty acid composition of Nereis diversicolor cultured in an integrated recirculated system: possible implication for aquaculture.J.Aquaculture.(296).271-276. 16. Ahlgren, G., Blomqvist, P., Boberg, M., Gustafsson, I. B., 1994. Fatty acid content of the dorsal muscle an indicator of fat quality in freshwater fish, J. Fish Biology, (45), 131-157. 17. Batista, F. M. ; Fidalgo e Costa, P. ; Matias, D. ; Joaquim, S. ; Massapina, C., Passos, A. M., Pousao Ferreira, P. and Cancela da Fonseca, L., 2003. Preliminary results on the growth and survival of the polychaete Nereis diversicolor (O.F.Muller, 1776), when fed with faeces from the carpet shell clam Ruditapes decussates (L., 1758). Biol. Inst. Esp. Oceanogr. 19(4), 443-446. 18. Bell, J.G. ; McEvoy, L. A. ; Este'vez, A. ; Shields, R. J. ; Sargent, J. R., 2003. Optimising lipid nutrition in first-feeding flatfish larvae. Aquaculture 227, 211-220. 19. Berg, L. S., 1934. Acipenser persicus ,a from the south Caspian Sea. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist.,10 th serie,13:317-318. 20. Blanchard, G. ; Makombu, J. G. and Kestmont, P., 2008.Influence of different dietary 18:3n-3/18:2n-6 ratio on growth performance ,fatty acid composition and hepatic ulterastructure in Eurasian perch,perca fluviatilis .Aquaculture,vol.284,pp.144-150. 21. Bradshaw, S. A., O’Hara, S. C. M., Corner, E. D. S. and Eglinton, G. 1990. Dietary lipid changes during herbivory and coprophagy by the marine invertebrate Nereis diversicolor . (UK), (70), 771-787. 22. Cassai, C., & Prevedelli, D. 1998. Reproduction effort, fecundity and energy allocation in two species of the Perinereis (Polychaeta: Nereididae). Invertebr. Reprod. Dev. (34), 125–131. 23. Ćeskleba, D. G., AveLallemant, S., Thuemler, T. F., 1985. Artificial spawning and rearing of , Acipenser fulvescens , in Wild Rose State Fish Hatchery, Wisconsin, 1982–1983. Environ Biol Fish 14(1):79–85 24. Ćeskleba, D. G.; AveLallemant, S. and Thuemler, T. F., 2006. Artificial spawning and rearing of lake sturgeon, Acipenser fulvescens, in Wild Rose State Fish Hatchery, Wisconsin, 1982–1983. Environmental Biology of Fishes. Volume 14, Number 1, 79-85, DOI: 10.1007/BF00001579 25. Copeman, L. A., Parrish, C. C., Brown, J. A. and Harel, M., 2002. Effects of docosahexaenoic, eicosapentaenoic, and arachidonic acids on the early growth, survival, lipid composition and pigmentation of yellowtail flounder ( Limanda ferruginea ): a live food enrichment experiment. Aquaculture. 210(1- 4):285-304. 26. Dabrowski, K., Kaushik, S. J. and Fauconneau, В. 1985. Rearing of sturgeon ( Acipenser baerii Brandt) larvea. I. Feeding trial. Aquaculture, 47: 185-192. 27. Dales, R. P., Kennedy, G. Y., 1954. On the diverse colours of Nereis diversicolor . I. mar. bioI. Ass. U.K. (33), 699- 708. 28. Dinis, M. T. 1986. Quatre soleidae de l‘estuaire du Tage. Reproduction et croissance. Essai d’elevage de Solea senegalensis Kaup. Ph.D. thesis. University of Bretagne Occidentale: 348 pp. 29. Dhert , P. ; Sorgeloos , P. and Devresse, B., 1993. Contributions towards a specific DHA enrichment in the live food Brachionus plicatilis and Artemia sp. In.Fish Farming Tecnology.pp.109-115.Netherland. 59 /...

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62/

Abstract The present research aimed to study effect of Nereis worm in feeding, growth, survival and carcass biochimical compositions of persian sturgeon larvae. Five diets including zooplankton (100%) as the control (Z), Nereis diversicolor worm (100%), a mix of Nereis and zooplankton (50% for each), a mix of Nereis, zooplankton and concentrate food (33% for each) with 3 replicates were established. At first, Nereis worms were cultured up to the weight of 200 mg according to the protocol done in the International Sturgeon Research Institute. Required zooplanktons were obtained for Dr. Beheshti Sturgeon Rearing and propagation center. Concentrate food was also made in the ISRI. Persian sturgeon larvae with the average weight of 95.66 mg were put in 60-Liter tank (60 larvae in each tank) under the same physical and chemical parameters of water. 8 days after the beginning of active feeding, they were fed five times a day with experimental dites based on 20-30% of their weight for 15 days. Water quality parameters, such as dissolved oxygen, temperature, pH values were recorded daily. The average of temperature, pH and dissolved oxygen during the test were 22.8±1.3º c, 7.5±0.1 and 6.58±0.9 mg/l respectively. At the end of this period, condition factor (k), specific growth rate (SGR), food conversion rate (FCR), weight gain (WG) and Body weight index (BWI) were calculated. Total fat and fatty acids profile were analyzed. The results showed that there was a significant difference between growth indexes and food consumption (p<0.05). BWI, GR and SGR indices showed no significant difference between N and NZ treatment, but the average of these indices were higher in NZ treatment. The most and the least average of SGR, BWI were observed in NZ and NZC treatments respectively. Condition factor showed no significant difference in all diets except NZ. FCR had no significant difference between N and NZ as well as after diets. The highest and the lowest survival rate was observed in N treatment (96.11±1.46%) and NZC (85.55±3.37%) respectively. The results of carcass analysis showed that there is a strong correlation between fatty acids of body and fat resources of diets. According to the significant difference in growth rate between treatments (p<0.05), the larvae fed with N diet presented a better performance compared with others. These results indicate that cultured sturgeon larvae need n-3 and n-6 series of fatty acids in their diet. Key word: Acipenser persicus , Nereis diversicolor , Growth, Survival, Fatty acid profile

Ministry of Jihad – e – Agriculture AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH, EDUCATION & EXTENTION ORGANIZATION IRANIAN FISHERIES RESEARCH ORGANIZATION – International Sturgeon Research Institute

Title : Study of effect of Nereis diversicolor in growth and survival of Acipenser persicus larvae Apprpved Number : 2-86-12-87015 Author : Zabih Ollah Pajand Executor : Zabih Ollah Pajand Collaborator : K.HADDADI MOGHADAM, F.CHUBIAN, H.R. POURALI, R. RUFCHAEI ,A.A.Fallahshomali,E.Hossinnia Advisor(s): - Supervisor: - Location of execution : Guilan province Date of Beginning : 2008 Period of execution : 3 Years & 3 Months Publisher : Iranian Fisheries Research Organization Circulation : 20 Date of publishing : 2013 ll Right Reserved . No Part of this Publication May be Reproduced or Transmitted without indicating the Original Reference

MINISTRY OF JIHAD - E - AGRICULTURE AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH, EDUCATION & EXTENTION ORGANIZATION IRANIAN FISHERIES RESEARCH ORGANIZATION- International Sturgeon Research Institute

Title: Study of effect of Nereis diversicolor in growth and survival of Acipenser persicus larvae

Executor : Zabih Ollah Pajand

Registration Number 40916