by J.K. Rowling
CEU eTD Collection Budapest, Hungary Studies in Gender of M.A. Degree the for the requirements of In partial fulfilment to Submitted G ENDERED A S
MAD
Second Reader: Professor Jasmina Lukič Jasmina Professor Reader: Second MADNESS Supervisor: Professor Sophia Howlett Sophia Professor Supervisor: BY
AS Department of Gender Studies Gender of Department Central EuropeanUniversity Central J.K.R
THE Rozália Eszter Ivády Rozália
IN P
THE OTTER by OWLING H ARRY
IN
THE P
OTTER ATTIC :
SERIES
CEU eTD Collection 2009 2 CEU eTD Collection Mental Diseases.Mental conjures factor aggressiveness overemphasis ofthe Secondly, this symptoms. aggressive overt lacks it as venerated) even worse (or ignored is illness mental dangerous most the disorder, psychopathic firstly consequences: two has aggression overt of overemphasis The health. mental on discourse confusing a creates it yet stories, children’s to inherent is dichotomy this Although evil. versus good of scale murky a with conflated form, distorted a in emerges of factor determining axis aggression the even Furthermore a ignored. virtually gets factor distress the while insanity, becomes dangerousness overt and series the salient is madness “ Foucauldian the perspective. witha using psychoanalytic in turn bestdealt is which its is what terms medical in developed, has illness is question second The the approaches. and medico-psychiatric Foucauldian the using answers satisfactory most yields which level), descriptive concerns culturalintertextualities. with related alongside versions movie the of text the as such texts, supporting occasionally and book the of text the use I analysis 2000) (APA-TFoDSM-IV, today dominant the discourse include psychiatrico-medical I official finally and school psychoanalyst the by advocated second the p.12), 2006. (“ psychiatry was on works discourse early his first in Foucault The by proposed Rowling. Kathleen Joanne by (1997-2007) series Potter Harry In the thesis I contrast different discourses on mental illnesses as represented in the in represented as illnesses mental on discourses different contrast I thesis the In Abstract 1 from First, drawn. be can conclusions basic two analysis of level synchronic the On 2006).The first (Foucault, least questions two at answering Studying requires madness Official handbook of the American Psychological Association, the Diagnostic and Statistic Manual of Manual Statistic and Diagnostic the Association, Psychological American the of handbook Official what is a mental illness mental a is what ae o exclusion of game and how to differentiate it from sanity (synchronic or (synchronic sanity from it differentiate to how and on f ve h vrmhss o grsin in aggression of overemphasis the view of point ” i aetiology aetiology o n h why and how the game of exclusion of game the (diachronic or dynamic level), dynamic or (diachronic a particular mental particular a ” Foucault, ” 1 . In the In .
CEU eTD Collection idea of a putative Dionysian Complex, appearing during the latency and genital stage. This stage. genital and latency the during appearing Complex, Dionysian putative a of idea theforward I put model. original in Freud’s described not complex, a new posit I novel the to) restricted perhaps (and on based Therefore, novels. the in phenomena of plethora a to account satisfactory a give to power explanatory sufficient lacks (1977) Freud by forward put model problems. potential women’s at look unconcerned an taking again non-existent, virtually are complex Electra the of disturbances while Complex, Oedipal the of solutions of with lack laden and problems Figures, the Father Potter, of web Harry complicated extremely of an story around built entire is protagonist, The complexes. female of description the outweigh heavily are complexes characters’ male that finds one perspective gender a Taking their insanity. in and sanity their the in – path, novels the psychic of characters inner and the heroes the trace of arc to developmental is goal My Jung. Gustav Carl and Freud Sigmund them among psychoanalysts, various of works the by out laid background theoretical the use consequences. societal putativefuture postulate to aim I Apparatus) State (Ideological ISA the of theory of Althusser’s version modified slightly a on Building women. solely being mis/unrecognition this of victims the – ignored entirely being of risk the run illnesses these of some thus them, trivializes often book the in representation Their depression. and anxiety namely illnesses, mental female-related most defines axis this further it as inasmuch dangerous, more illnesses. present in already mental process always the silencing exacerbates is factor distress the the view, of of lack point feminist aforementioned as from Nevertheless, voices. female dissatisfied woman silencing hysterical the malady, female age-old an of ghost the up The disappearance of the distress factor can significantly weaken women’s position, as position, women’s weaken significantly can factor distress of the disappearance The 2 developmental psychosexual original the that seems it analysis closer upon However, I illnesses, mental of why and how the concerns which analysis, of level second my In Hysterical understood in the common use of the term, not in theFreudian sense ofin theterm,not use thecommon understood in Hysterical ii 2 , discrediting and thus and discrediting ,
CEU eTD Collection taking women’s individuation for self-evident and unproblematic, often ignoring them. often ignoring unproblematic, and forself-evident individuation women’s taking malady, male typically a as represented is it and transformation) or (mutilation appearance bodily changing even or self inner secret a creating name, often of change voluntary is a by complex marked the overcoming of Failure subject. the of identity the of reconstruction acceptable psychologically new, a create and past personal one’s from away break to attempt an as present always is it yet novel, the in forms symbolic various takes split This tension. bythis ripped psycheis apart the irreconcilable, and the become two mechanisms self-defence the of energy the overwhelms world) outside the to project to wishes Subject the image (the the Persona the and entity) psychic personal true (the Self the between tension the If unconscious. of archetypes various of integration of process the – individuation healthy of process the as interpreted be can it terms Jungian Using Others. Significant and circle family core the by subject the upon inscribed heritage, past one’s accept to as well as community surrounding the of member accepted and sane a as oneself identify to ability the on centred is complex iii
CEU eTD Collection thesis would never have been finished. never would have thesis on. burden to take their was though it not theory, even of literary labyrinth unknown hitherto the in way my find me helped who Kirchknopf, Andrea and again Zimányi Eszter Gündogan, Deniz to thanks my give to like also would I terms. university the of of any end the to got have never would I meticulousness and help knowledge, extensive whose without Zimányi, Eszter and inspiration great of source a was who Akinsha, Kristina Marja- of help the particularly appreciate I helpfulness. and support their all for Department the ofideas. flow facilitating ofinspiration impetus an incredible me gave she did I whenever but often, very her consult to fortune the have not did I though even ofcreativity. writing ona fire thesis whole the set that spark a me gave that day, presentation thesis a on with up came she idea behalf. onmy are thesis mistakes in the toany shortcomings say, needless and gratitude greatest my her owe I thesis the in ideas bright the all For project. my through me help to reach her within all doing and thesis the with dealing when approach practical very and sincerity her for all, of most and calmness and understanding her for especially her thank to like would I circumstances. of grievous most the of face the in even supportive was I have to give my greatest thanks to my supervisor, Professor Sophia Howlett, who Howlett, Sophia Professor supervisor, my to thanks greatest my give to have I Acknowledgements And finally thanks must be given to Chronos, the God of time, without whom this whom without time, of God the Chronos, to given be must thanks finally And the of students MA the all and community CEU entire the thank to inevitable it feel I patience, her extreme for Lukič Jasmina to thanks my give to like also would I Finally, brilliant her and support personal her for Nedelea Patricia thank to like also would I iv
CEU eTD Collection
madness
List of Abbreviations and general notes to the reader notesto the general and List of Abbreviations and Illustrations List Tables of Figures, ofcontents Table Acknowledgements Abstract Table contents of 2. Madness through the ages2. Madness through bother? –why Harry1. MadnessPotter and
2.1. Foucault onmadness2.1. Foucault and how1.9. The ofmadness what series in the –the madness topias yetin united 1.8. Worldsapart Pierre Louis ideology- Althusser and 1.7. Madness, literature it ofreading and onthe methodology 1.6. On madness in Potter the ofHarry world ofgendered madness 1.5. The image warped gendered madness abyss and –feminism the 1.4. Leaping analysis1.3. Theofthe basis characteristic? an inherent versus ofexclusion” –a “game 1.2. Views onmadness type –a new ofmadness? phenomenon 1.1. ThePotter Harry
2.1.2. Pottertopia’s Carnivalesque Lazarhouse – The Azkaban –The Lazarhouse Carnivalesque 2.1.2. Pottertopia’s madperson –the multiperspectived Period 2.1.1. The Renaissance of how and why the – theory developmental psychosexual and HPs The 1.9.2. madness? is –what ofcase studies narration 1.9.1. The a HPsas Apparatus a State as ofliterature 1.7.1. Althusser’s notion ...... v ......
26 22 20 20 17 16 15 14 13 11
ix iv
9 7 6 5 3 1 1 x v
i
CEU eTD Collection
never wasnever
3. In the shackles of the IGA of Harry Potter ofHarry ofthe IGA 3. Inthe shackles 5. The Potter in the attic - categories of madness and its ofmadness distortions attic-categories in the 5. The Potter and DSM comparison –Madness 4. The Static
3.1. Althusser onideology 3.1. Althusser literature Showalterand 2.3. Foucault, to the entrance atticdescends in Madwoman the –The 2.2. Genderedmadness 5.1. Dangerous Evil - cruelty, injustice, and aggression and injustice, -cruelty, Evil 5.1. Dangerous with madness contrasted 4.2. Normality the DSM-IV-TR to according ofmadness axes 4.1. The basic instead? Potter been Harriet –whatifhad (s)he Potter and3.4. Gender Harry that Past a and Unreason structured of Utopia a – popularity of reason’s Other 3.3. the live ideology? swan a3.2. Only black orlong
2.1.4. Failed attempts at voyagesto nowhere at attempts 2.1.4. Failed ofundesirables 2.1.3. The congregation 5.1.3. Suicide – a voluntary end to life – always altruistic end–always to –a life voluntary 5.1.3. Suicide slowly oneself -Killing behaviour 5.1.2. Autoaggressive reformulated Evil Dangerous disorder -The personality 5.1.1. Antisocial 4.1.4. Danger 4.1.3. Dysfunction 4.1.2. Distress 4.1.1. Deviance 3.1.4. The ofISA’s Queen HPs? in the be escaped 3.1.3. Canideology Subject 3.1.2. The Absolute recognition3.1.1. Ideological ...... vi ......
66 65 64 63 62 60 58 55 53 51 50 48 46 45 43 42 41 39 38 36 36 33 30 28 27
CEU eTD Collection
psychoanalysis’s tale on the HPs onthe tale psychoanalysis’s ......
Severus Snape Severus conflict. Black
9. Glossary 8. Conclusions the – again back and there sanity: to madness from journey magical The 7. theory a developmental -psychoanalysisas heroes ofthe 6. The dynamics
5.3. Female malady – revived orsurvived? –revived malady 5.3. Female with reality loss5.2. Psychoses-the ofcontact 7.5. Tentative cases of the Dionysian complex – the marauders and other Animagi other and marauders the – complex Dionysian the of cases Tentative 7.5. –Blood Prince ofthe Half –the complex case 7.4. The Dionysian ofVoldemort –the complex case 7.3. The Dionysian searchofsanity Complex –in 7.2. The Dionysian division line –a crucial 6.1. TheComplex Oedipus ofmadness axes in the 5.4. The shift ......
5.2.2. The tragical psychosis –Alice Longbottom psychosis 5.2.2. The tragical Lovegood onMars –Luna Syndrome –The5.2.1. Asperger anthropologist 7.2.1. Why Dionysus? and Black Sirius Voldemort, – Complexes Oedipus unresolved Possible 7.1.3. Figure search ofa Father Longbottom–in ofNeville 7.1.2. The case Oedipus unresolved triple a – Potter Harry of psychodynamics The 7.1.1. Mrs – woman hysterical the of return The - Disorder Borderline/Histrionic 5.3.2. Winky –Nymphadora and serious ignored,5.3.1. Mood yet -The disorders –Guilderoy Lockheart psychosis 5.2.3. The comical ...... vii ......
93 91 89 87 87 87 86 86 85 82 82 77 73 71 70 69 69 69 68 67 67
CEU eTD Collection
10. Appendix – very brief plot summary of the HPs summary ofthe plot 10. Appendix–verybrief 11. Bibliography 11. Bibliography
10.6. Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince the Half-Blood Potter10.6. Harry and Phoenix the ofthe Order Potter10.5. Harry and ofFire the Goblet Potter10.4. Harry and the ofAzkaban Prisoner Potter10.3. Harry and ofSecrets the Chamber Potter10.2. Harry and theStone Philosopher’s Potter10.1. Harry and 10.7. Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows the Deathly Potter10.7. Harry and ...... viii ......
99 98 97 97 96 96 95 95
1 CEU eTD Collection topographical model of the psyche. ofthe model topographical . Fgr h cbr oe f Fed – dpcig bt h tutrl ad the and structural the both depicting – Freud of model iceberg The Figure 2. Potter Ms. Harriet tentative 1. Figure A Figures,List of Tables Illustrations and ...... ix 76 47
CEU eTD Collection of the story itself, is available in the in the available is itself, story of the ofthe series) variousspin-offs containingthe 2007, not States Edition) the United Stone in Sorcerer’s and the Potter the refer to please references and Potter the…” “Harry title-beginner compulsory the follows that part the used consequently Therefore, my abbreviations refer to the following books by J.K. Rowling (for exact (for Rowling J.K. by books following the to refer abbreviations my Therefore, I citations, in or quotes direct in series the from novel particular a to Referring List of Abbreviations reader the to notes general and For more information see also the glossary in the the in glossary the also see information more For Edition Diseases,Fourth ofMental Manual and –Diagnostic Statistical DSM-IV Apparatus Global IGA –Ideological Apparatus State ISA –Ideological series Potter Harry – HPs abbreviations: most of List used often – Hallows Deathly – Prince Half-Blood – Phoenix Order of the Fire – Goblet of of Azkaban– Prisoner – Secrets Chamber of – Stone Philosopher’s Harry Potter and the Goblet ofFire and the Potter Harry Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows the Deathly PotterHarry and Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince the Half-Blood PotterHarry and Bibliography Harry Potter and the Chamber ofSecrets Chamber and the Potter Harry Harry Potter and the Potter Harry Harry Potter and the Order ofthe Order Phoenix and the Potter Harry Harry Potter and the Philosopher’s Stone (issued as Harry as (issued Stone Philosopher’s the and Potter Harry (all seven books listed above, written between 1999 and 1999 between written above, listed books seven (all Appendix – very brief plot Appendix –verybrief
section). – by Louis Althusser (1970) –byLouis Althusser x Prisoner ofAzkaban Prisoner Glossary section. section.
section). A brief summary brief A section).
CEU eTD Collection 05-22. Textual reference also: also: Textualreference 05-22. fire as people attracted that inside entire hidden an world was mad fascinating There organized was. and it structured there And paper. white plain the on marks white and black the between some lurking virus a covers, the between evil, somewhere inside locked be to contagious had madness a of Something 1941/1984). (Bakhtin, Carnivalesque Bakhtinian the anew, Fools of Feast a of night a for simulation uncanny an creating streets the on out them drove what endlessly pondered I world. mad burlesque new brave a a revive to ardent celebrate and carnival to if as midnight at bookshops of front in queues in standing mad, Muggle the of portion huge a drove that entire was phenomenon the the what wonder to was turning do could I corners, All down. upside universe its from it shaking over, all world entire the invaded already to me urged that topic. particular this choose motivations the out lay I section this In work. the of intertextuality the emphasising well, as versions film the of parts integrating while series, book the on mainly based view, of point critical literary a from yet eyes psychologist’s a with (HPs) series Potter My aim in this thesis is to examine madness as a gendered construction in the Harry the in construction gendered a as madness examine to is thesis this in aim My 1. 4 3 craze the 2007), in was (which all at happening was it that realized I time the By Non-magical YouTube: Source: 1.1. Madness and Harry Potter andMadness Harry bother? –why http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=96QRVfto7OM&feature=fvst http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0417741/quotes The Harry Potter phenomenon – a new type ofmadness? type –anew phenomenon Potter The Harry 4 community – a term at the time unfamiliar to me – seemingly – me to unfamiliar time the at term a – community Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince and the Potter Harry Slughorn) (Horace 1 (from the official Harry Potter trailer for trailer Potter Harry official the (from Mad! in! live we times mad are These Retrieved 2009-05-22. Retrieved , Retrieved 2009- Retrieved ,
3 )
CEU eTD Collection discourse – the psychiatrico-scientific one, which shall create a basis of labelling. Certainly, a more intriguing more a possible and reinterpretation. its discourse ontheofficial bears work theliterary how much impact is question Certainly, labelling. of basis a create shall which one, psychiatrico-scientific the – discourse Foucauldian (using “ subject in condemned the being of terminology, abnormality the of convinced is society of majority the as long as illness, mental a be to declared be can anything virtually category, fluid a is Madness prophecies. self-fulfilling as act to tend insanity on ideas because is books children’s children’s literature. includes naturally which – can they wherever from information of pieces and bits up pick and – perhaps magic of kind different a – mystery of kind another as madness consider children consequence a has madness As illnesses. mental population of terminology scientific the with meaning in the overlap little very virtually of majority the for so ones, discourse-based scientific date up-to- precise, very alone let answers, elaborate get to likely not are they teachers, or parents to madness about questions posing as far a as ventures as child a if taboo even Consequently, voices. strong a by burdened is low in and tone entirety fearful a in mystery a as its of spoken culture, European in topic conversational in madness that fact the is one first ofits readers. onthe minds impact and an unknown own never is readers its of number astounding an enchanting world, the in wide far and travels that any story – genre a as novel the of importance the trivialize not must we foremost, and First children? for intended work a choosing Why novel? a using Why ofmadness? flames bythe just scorchedslightly only or burns with wounded mortally up end going are line carnivalesque the in queuing those of many how was immediately mind my inside up surged that question The butterflies. attracts Why would examining the notion of madness in a children’s book be worth the effort? the worth be book children’s a in madness of notion the examining would Why 5 in madness of description the to heed paying support would that reason second The The worthwhile. attempt the make would that reasons further two least at are There Yet let us not forget that in real life centralized power shall attempt to impose on them another them on impose to attempt shall power centralized life real in that forget not us let Yet h gm o exclusion of game the 5 2 ”; Foucault, 2006, p.12). As a As p.12). 2006, Foucault, ”; just a story. It has a life of its of life a has It story. a
CEU eTD Collection by “anomie” inherent to societal functioning; Durkheim, 1897/1997 functioning; Durkheim, inherentsocietal to by “anomie” Robert by setting classroom a in teachers. of their conformingtheexpectations to of theauthors theinterpretation to –according better perform to conducted experiment an started intelligent as labelled were who children after experiment the In (1968/1992). Jacobson Lenore and Rosenthal effect, Pygmalion or effect” ”Rosenthal Black, & Andreasen see discussion extensive an (for psychiatry mainstream by advocated madness, of view second this Nevertheless, handbooks. official its of “revision” continuous “folk with the up hence – catch madness as considered and be should try what on but discourse unofficial the else, psychiatry”, nothing do to seems occasions many on sanity, of issue the on power central the as itself posing though approach, psychiatrico-scientific these Furthermore, opposite. fact booksthe quite –in children’s’ write power. who people, same institutionalized the be to tend necessarily not of do subjects power-figure “knowledgeable” discourse” “official the constitutes that literature psychiatrico-scientific relevant the with acquainted well are who those are few and discourse public from banned nearly very is topic the that fact the given else, anywhere as literature children’s a in found be to likely of more much is majority madness “true” consider the people behaviour any standing, theoretical this on Based society. of chessboard is “ abnormality that anything and abnormality is Madness 1976). (Foucault, would the him/herself to immanently subject pertaining reality objective an as sense the in not exist, truly not does such as madness one, previous this to According paragraph. previous the in to alluded been one becoming ofsoon risk to likely is runthe behaviour the madness, as behaviour of type particular a of think to encouraged are children if consequence characteristic? The thesis intends to contrast two different views on madness, the first of which has which of first the madness, on views different two contrast to intends thesis The 7 6 aforementioned the be would which madness, on view second the Ironically, The term follows a Durkheimian line of thought, with its origins in a particular type of suicide created suicide of type particular a in origins its with thought, of line Durkheimian a follows term The the as psychology in known is unconsciously expectations to conforming of phenomenon This 1.2. the game of exclusion of game the Views on madness – a “game of exclusion” versus an inherent –a“game versus ofexclusion” madness on Views ” (Foucault, 2006, p. 12 p. 2006, (Foucault, ” 3 6 . 7 ) ruled out and shoved off the off shoved and out ruled )
CEU eTD Collection psyche. These two psychiatric analyses form two distinct chapters in the thesis. in the chapters form distinct two analyses psychiatric two psyche. These the of development the of importance the more much emphasize and variation more much for allow they nevertheless mankind, of unity psychic the of idea the conserve still theories These analyses. literary in accepted widely theories psychoanalytic on based static), the than cultural for caveats indicate does world. over the acrossboard all the flavour andapplied is a single comes in it differences, DSM-IV the Although 2000). TFoDSM-IV, APA, Disorders, Mental of Manual Statistic and (Diagnostic DSM-IV the called handbook applied universally a in reified is which psychiatry, of discourse official current the on based them books. children’s seven these into stuffed were ages the through madness the all if as novel, by the in present all presented are Foucault and described historically games those all nearly how demonstrate I works seminal Foucault’s on Based novel. the in out played are that exclusion of games various the of rules the trace shall I analysis Foucauldian the In HPs). (henceforth series Potter Harry microbiological its and brain the via malfunctions. body the to tied even often psyche, the of illness an illness, of kind a is madness that view consequent the a with individual, the of as functioning not and abnormal, the of normalized abnormality the on insists a view psychiatric science-based the – contrast In malfunction. society of functioning normal a as madness “ Foucauldian the unsaid: left often is that point pivotal one ofexclusion. onthe game theview Foucauldian denying ardently abnormality, often and normality between line division itsneat a and ground firm a find and madness objectify to power in all does 2007), Comer, 2000; TFoDSM-IV, APA, 2003; Yudovsky, & Hales 2006; It is important to remember that the two contrasting views are essentially different on different essentially are views contrasting two the that remember to important is It The other psychiatry-based analytic tool for the analysis that is used is dynamic (rather dynamic is used is that analysis for the tool analytic psychiatry-based other The of one parts, two of consists view psychiatrico-scientific the on based analysis The the to tool analytical an as applied and considered are view of points both thesis the In 4 game of exclusion of game ”, considers ”,
CEU eTD Collection paid to gender in both cases. to gender paid attention and emphasis particular a with HPs, the in depicted as madness of representation the and discourses scientific current differences by described as the illness” “mental of traced notion the between I therefore Methodologically psychopathologies. new its of aura of piece popular most the using and the unconscious modern the of content the examine to today available literature way, children’s latter this chosen therefore have I 56.). p. 1991, both in work at are processes unconscious same the text: cultural a and “ that premise himself the in believed Freud 1989). (Bettleheim, nature psychological our they of as roots literature deep-seated children’s contain of pieces successful or changes their and tales fairy at look to be might method well-suited a time, years few a in become to is madness what see to like one would if already: approach mentioned to advantage this one is definite there Nevertheless, interpretation. to subjective open increasingly becomes madness defining case this in however 2002), 1977, 1953, Freud, 1956/1977, 1912/1992, 1968, Jung, (see analysis story or dream perfect. from far method this rendering conscious, be might madness on attitudes of aspects all not further, matters complicate To unfeasible. seems this openly matter the about talk to uneasy are people that consideration into taking However, laypeople. with interviews conduct to views be majority would methodology straightforward the most the non- present, how at nature gendered see its as and to madness like madness would one of if hand, notion one the the On it? understand see to professionals we are how Yet behaviour. abnormal “ the of rules current the Taking a Foucauldian perspective as a starting point, one would need to know what know to need would one point, starting a as perspective Foucauldian a Taking Another option (no doubt strongly supported by the psychoanalytic school) would be would school) psychoanalytic the by supported strongly doubt (no option Another 1.3. game of exclusion of game The basis ofthe analysis The basis there is no essential difference in kind between a psychic text psychic a between kind in difference essential no is there ” are – what the majority of society would label as label would society of majority the what – are ” 5 ” (cited by Kofman, by (cited ”
CEU eTD Collection 65% of its members are female. The percentage is higher in clinical sections, as opposed to research sections. research opposed to as sections, higherclinical in is percentage The female. are of its members 65% malenevertheless) remained society of the executives thetop that is it noteworthy (However branch. feminized increasingly an becoming is particular in psychology and psychiatry true: is reverse the anything, if Inwords other 53. of total a of out – Hungary in well-recognized and famous very them of some – them among females 24 option=com_content&view=article&id=77:vezetseg&catid=42:vezetseg&Itemid=60 ( 1997. Durand, have would men anything, if true, hold argument the Should 2009). communication, personal women towards – gender-biased again yet definitely is psychologists gender- relatively is psychiatrists as balanced work to choosing doctors of number in Today the upheld. Hungary be longer no can psychiatrists male of ratio high the of because solely ill mentally as diagnosed being are women more that namely instance, for 1985) (Showalter, arguments her of One period. that past years 30 nearly are we yet – 1980 and 1830 between book, famous her in Showalter Elaine decades. past the during radically changed has psychiatry and missing frequently are interpretations modern yet – works insightful and engaging very them toin. fill intends thesis the –a gap that ofculturaltexts knowledge our current on based madness of notion accepted the in changes future about statement predictive a make to attempted them of none Furthermore, illnesses. mental or madness and gender between relationship the on view their in one-sided rather being works published most in resulted This analysis. literary a in once at all consideration into theory Foucauldian and analysis real-case discourse, psychiatrico-scientific the took seldom authors these however DSM-IV), the and school psychoanalytic the both (including discourses and authors many by established been http://www.psycomp.hu/index.php? The Female Malady Female The The relationship between gender and madness, a perspective of gendered madness has madness gendered of perspective a madness, and gender between relationship The 10 9 8 among abound, madness and gender of relationship the with deal that works Feminist codn o te hmpg f te Hnain Pyharc Association Psychiatric Hungarian the of homepage the to According & Pergamit by similarly entitled is that book the to allusions any has nor to, reference a not is title The The Hungarian Association of Psychologists (Magyar Pszichológiai Társaság) claims that around 60- around that claims Társaság) Pszichológiai (Magyar Psychologists of Association Hungarian The 9 Mga sihlga ássg eeőé, 20) tog h ubr of number the though 2009) Vezetőség, Társaság, Pszichológiai (Magyar 1.4. Leaping the abyss – feminism and gendered madness gendered abyssand Leaping –feminism the (1985) gives a thorough and comprehensive analysis of the period the of analysis comprehensive and thorough a gives (1985) 6 ) the leading members count members leading the ) 10 (Perczel F. Dóra, F. (Perczel 8
CEU eTD Collection unreliable, because of the high number of people choosing to visit private psychiatric consultations, instead of instead ones. institutionalized consultations, psychiatric private visit to choosing people of number high the of because unreliable, orrecognition. treatment to therapy, it givesdue credit seldom second and illnesses mental in ratios gender misrepresents often it first ways: two least at in illnesses mental of representation twisted and warped a gives HPs the psychiatry, folk included. gender differences and future –existing wholeofsociety the on consequences its and madness of notion changing the on insights new to us lead can that relationship this precisely is it intertwined, intricately so are two the as and story the of half and relationship only with the us leave would discourse scientific current Disregarding and psychiatry folk between differences water. bath the with baby the out throwing be would altogether discourse official the discarding yet underestimated, be not must madness on ideas these on light suffering. their denies sameit time at the women, positive sheds it although as dangerous, and problematic both is madness of romanticization the that before decades out pointed clearly (1985) Shoewalter Moreover patients. female of majority the for true be to unlikely is this statement, radical this in present more still is truth of grew grain a than more if even - tolerated feminism more least at or – years the As over accepted femininity. of heroes unrecognized being as wards psychiatry Work Health 2009). Group, Mental – Statistics Health for Center National – CDC 2000; Comer, 2004; true be to not know we fact a illnesses, mental with often more diagnosed be to Potter hli hse nhrwr work her in Chesler Phyllis 11 and view of point psychiatrico-scientific of perspective double this from Examined the that believe I t es nt n h Uie tts Ofca ttsis -Hnain aa r vr smlr though similar, very are Data Hungarian - Statistics Official States United the in not least At 1.5.
The warped image of gendered madness in the world ofHarry inthe world madness ofgendered image The warped force of “folk psychiatry”, the importance of commonly accepted commonly of importance the psychiatry”, “folk of force Women and Madness and Women 7 (2005) depicts females held at held females depicts (2005) 11 (Tringer,
CEU eTD Collection reference here, and restrict myself to mentioning the most outstanding cases. mentioning themost to myself and restrict here, reference escape to drinking to takes she that much later. atlength treated shall whom future be of –both of foreseer the as a failed image of her herself own from so capabilities own her disbelieves who Trelawney, Sybill or wine illness altogether. ofmental status it the ofher denying condition, importance the ( Weasley Mrs. by supported is who Tonks, Nymphadora of case the in as groups, female supporting self- between problems female these discuss to is novel the in depression to solution ill- suited rather Another weak. rather are reconciliation at attempts their then even and it about openly them warns Hagrid character, third a until notice, to not pretend and suffering her to eye blind a turn boys the of Both behaviour. depression-like evoking eventually exist, not the in Hermione of case the in as ignored be might syndromes depression-related novel: the in cases professional its non-existent virtually is recognition nevertheless even or treatment overemphasized) say even could one in (sometimes prevalent more females as novel the by mirrored accurately is which example, alarming most time same the at and best the is – disorders mood category, broader its rather or – Depression cases. severe clinically in even literature), medical the and novel the in (both women with associated illnesses mental about true particularly book, the in neglected often is illnesses illness. a male-related primarily is showalcoholism that clearly characters female in presented only is for instance Alcoholism laypeople. by or observed literature medical the in recognized usually prevalence the in ratios gender different vastly presents example for HPs The demonstrate). shall with I as (though categories own illnesses its of mental breechings occasional male and female between line stereotypical) rather (and Prisoner of Azkaban. of Prisoner Examining the text from the point of view of madness, the HPs seems to draw a clear a draw to seems HPs the madness, of view of point the from text the Examining 14 13 12 mental of treatment the that fact the is however concern more much to rise gives What One such example is Winky, the depressed house-elf, who drowns her tears of sorrow into goblets of goblets into sorrow of tears her drowns who house-elf, depressed the Winky, is example such One thepopulation in of occurrence percentage The cases I refer to here shall be elaborated on later in the thesis, therefore I do not give extensive give not do I therefore thesis, the in later on elaborated be shall here to refer I cases The The Half-Blood Prince Half-Blood The She opposes Ron and Harry, who in turn start to act as if she did she if as act to start turn in who Harry, and Ron opposes She ) yet she is ridiculed by various male characters, trivializing characters, male various by ridiculed is she yet ) 13 , whereas WHO (World Health Organization) statistics Organization) Health (World WHO whereas , 8 14 . There are several instances of such of instances several are There . 12 of certain mental illnesses than is than illnesses mental certain of
CEU eTD Collection attitudes and practices that systematically construct the subject and the world of which theyspeak. theworld of which and the subject construct systematically that and practices attitudes knowledge of archaeology as would sweet; smell name other thesis. the of introduction historical the of part form shall that 2006) (Foucault, ages the across changes its and madness of history the on was work major first Foucault’s fact, (enoncés) enouncements " sense, Foucauldian the in discourse a as can be other interpreted words, Madness, nervosa). in 2009onanorexia 1993,Mussap, Bordo, possession; spirit Sudanian on – 1988 Boddy, (see cultures across varying and 2006) (1988, Foucault, by proven as time, through changing definition, clear a at attempt any avoiding way same the definition precise escape would etc.) lunacy craziness, disorder, mental illness, (mental name other any by Madness view. of point certain a from problems “cases”, only are discourse) psychiatrico-medical official the on (based previously clear. becomes ofthe future society effects onthe possible the children, to set example an merely or ideology an form to cases these consider to are we If counselling. in experience professional or any training without work kitchen or cooking and cleaning in experienced mostly are they however powers, magical enormous possess creatures ( comfort get to house-elf another Dobby, to Dumbledore by sent is who elf, house a Winky, of that be would case typical A folly. irksome an than more no was it if as treated often is cases these in depression - matter the with dealing in competence no has obviously who someone to appointed explicitly is task the Sometimes task. the on take to willing is who anyone or friend a professionals, untrained inappropriate, with dealt be to As a consequence in the HPs female mental illnesses are often represented as “whims” as represented often are illnesses mental female HPs the in consequence a As 16 15 described analyses case my therefore one, slippery very a is “madness” of notion The Sentence structure taken from Shakespeare’s Shakespeare’s from taken structure Sentence The word word The 1.6. discourse (1972), to denote a set of ideas or thoughts that include our emotions, actions or actions emotions, our include that thoughts or ideas of set a denote to (1972), " (Foucault, 1970, p. 141.), a cultural construction construction cultural a 141.), p. 1970, (Foucault, " On madness and on the methodology of reading it ofreading methodology on and On the madness itself (in the meaning used here) was introduced in Foucault’s later work, work, later Foucault’s in introduced was here) used meaning the (in itself ” (Shakespeare, 1594/2004) ” (Shakespeare, an entity of sequences of signs in that they are they that in signs of sequences of entity an Romeo and Juliet Juliet and Romeo 9 “ that which we call a rose/ By any By rose/ a call we which that The Goblet of Fire of Goblet The 15 . Madness is very apt at apt very is Madness . par excellence par 16 ). These ). As the As . In . The
CEU eTD Collection eight „deadly thoughts” in the 4th century, among them acidia and tristitia as well – however this eighth this however – well as tristitia and acidia them among century, 4th the in thoughts” „deadly eight depression to but laziness, mere to not referred some Likewise 1991). that insist (Temkin, books psychiatry depression) to related (again phlegmatic and women) in especially to attributed time the at even (hysteria, choleric (mania), sanguine mood disorder), terms today’s (in melancholic types: personality basic four the of creation the with started illnesses mental of perpetuation a time same the At illnesses. mental biologizing and essentializing fluids, basic four the of one of overabundance the by illnesses 1994), explained which Finger, 2003; Fatemi, & (Spiegel Hippocrates of theory humoral the of and symptoms epilepsy describing parchments Egyptian recites often psychiatry Historical illness. give records written since mental particular a of signs immanent as considered today are that symptoms the least of testimony at or mankind, of dawn the since existed have illnesses existence. ofits and the taken explanation it have might form exact the of discourse regardless 2006) (Comer, cultures all in history a throughout existed have to seems as and phenomenon a as Madness eternal. is itself discourse of existence the therefore nonetheless), discourse a still is which discourse, another into (unless discourse, of out step not can one that implies himself (1972) Foucault itself. concept the of stability eternal to smithereens. ofchronotope unity notion ofthe Bakhtinian the breaking fact in yet intact time-space keeping seemingly thus presence, the in set yet past, fantasized a to back leap huge a is world fantasy entire the that claim the corroborates further the in “ impetus Foucauldian the fuelling the are that relations power the from a resulting involve aspect, often gender they because particularly similarities, these on draw shall I – them of all to connect to seems it fact in – account historical this of stages the of many to connects HPs 17 some least at that insists literature psychiatrico-scientific the hand, other the On however, antagonist its invoke to seems instability and construction constant This This theory is further corroborated by the fact that the latin monk Evagrius Ponticus in fact listed fact in Ponticus Evagrius monk latin the that fact the by corroborated further is theory This game of exclusion of game acedia, ”. History condensed in infinitesimal instances in the HPs the in instances infinitesimal in condensed History ”. usually translated as discouragement in Medieval times Medieval in discouragement as translated usually 17 10 . Therefore depression as a generic illness generic a as depression Therefore .
CEU eTD Collection pessimistic as to the future and possibility of improvement, as I’ve pointed out earlier he earlier out pointed I. (Robertson, 1982/2006) J., listof Gregory Pope therevised in disappeared I’ve as improvement, of possibility and future the to as pessimistic is himself Althusser – inaccurate inherently reality of social perception the by renders This warped interests. always is which existence, real-world their and individual an between thoroughly. onmore to be deserves elaborated it –in word” Althusser’s theory “magic the say we might – term central the being Ideology ideology. in lies him to according solution the – world real the with relationship subjects’ the with up link works literary how on clearer much is he Foucault, to predecessor a chronologically is he fact in and rudimentary more seem might theory theory his though Even ideology. Althusser’s discourse, central one is there power, that presupposes of centres various for allows – sense Foucauldian the in used “ poignantly: as to referred – ideology term, own his Althusser. To thesis. Louis the Pierre theorist, Marxist French of of theory the on aim draw would I the ideas these interconnect be would which matters, worldly to connected hardly fields, Elysian ofthe hangingupper strata in the analysis the leaving changestogether, societal world in madness. games ofexclusion gendered ofthe representations and the malady gendered of type any essentializing of these questions of the either problematize particularly using shall read I be interpretations. can HPs the how demonstrate to try shall I instead views, & C. K.1996). Gergen, 1986; & Grauman, Good, (Kleinman an abnormality seenas was it term, any by named yet – illness an than rather sin a considered was it yet time, the at existed The thesis does not intend to do justice to the conflict between the two opposing two the between conflict the to justice do to intend not does thesis The dooy acrig t h lhsein dfnto s te iaiay relationship imaginary the is definition Althusserian the to according Ideology orusing ofmodes ofthought ofeternity idea the (1970)puts aforementioned Althusser real- and literature madness, of theories between links the pinpointed not have I far So ideology has no history no has ideology 1.7. Madness, literature and ideology- Pierre Louis Althusser PierreLouis and literature ideology- Madness, ” (Althusser, 1970, p.63.). However while discourse – as – discourse while However p.63.). 1970, (Althusser, ” discourse 11 in Foucault’s work – in relief even more even relief in – work Foucault’s in
CEU eTD Collection At present we are in the dark as to should it fall into the depths of oblivion soon, in which in soon, oblivion of depths the into fall it should to as dark the in are we present At be. shall success its long-lived how them among conditions, various to subject certainly is this although – even world real the in repercussions have to likely very is it book the of success extreme the Considering far. so neglected been have to seem madness gendered particularly and madness and gender on ideologies yet 2007), J. Granger, 2004; D. Baggett, 2001; Zipes, example for (see analyses literary other in length at discussed many ideologies, different with laden undoubtedly is HPs The world. real the and novel the between link tentative a make definition ofinsanity. ideological in the dominance male apparently but apparatuses, state the in dominance male not only of recognition the to lead shall madness and politics madness or with gender with deal not does mostly, dealt having Althusser, not Although are theory. which Foucault’s HPs, in the clear in as madness necessarily gendered of analysis an in useful very be to that prove ideology describing features of set a introduces he background intellectual this from starting and struggle class in believes he Marxist a As characteristics. and functioning exact its and ideology) as literature (involving ideology of notion the on both clear very is he all should truth the as thing such any exist. necessarily that denies himself Foucault truth. the of mask the as acts ideology which in game hide-and-seek endless an in position losing permanent a in are we yet principle, in exist does truth the that supposes Althusser while theory: the of optimism ideology, an the in lies ideology and be discourse between difference The will content. particular its of always regardless and was always is, always there eternal: is – discourse like just – ideology Therefore nature. in advanced more necessarily even not again, over and over another, follows ideology One world. the vision of true real bring a can knowledge in advance “ that declares categorically Secondly – and even more importantly – his involvement with politics can allow us to us allow can politics with involvement his – importantly more even and – Secondly of First twofold. is therefore analysis the in useful particularly is Althusser reason The ideology has no history no has ideology per se per 12 ”(Althusser, 1970, p.63.) meaning that no that meaning p.63.) 1970, ”(Althusser, , using his theory in interpreting the HPs the interpreting in theory his using ,
CEU eTD Collection afcin rte n te nvl h ihs ubr rcdn h Lr f h ig n tr Wars Star and Rings the of Lord the preceding theprevious ideas. with well theevent resonates postponing number, to highest fans of reaction the seen, be to the still is edition cinematic next the of – success the Though n.d.). Net, (Fanfiction novels the on written fanfictions nostalgic). more putatively British, the for (and exotic more even seem novel the makes it albeit worldwide, popularity its affect to seem not does this yet school), boarding the of idea very the (e.g. with familiar particularstate. tie to any difficult it to be would very in–it essence evidentlyBritish though – of heard or popularity– international seen, its of because secondly and world, the over all today book children’s or – read widely Global most the (Ideological is HPs IGA the it because all renaming of first terminology, Apparatus), his in change small a make to like would I eventually thesis the In ISA. term the using to refers usually he which to ideologies, theofits world. ideology reflecting its patterns readers, the of minds the in revived and language into woven novel, the of world imagined the and reality lived subjective, surrounding the describe: shall I worlds different the between bridge Potter Harry of IGA the of shackles the 3: Chapter see also discussion further for – (ISA Apparatus State Ideological the and here) with dealt not forces, military and police the as such – (RSA Apparatus State Repressive the Apparatuses, State different the calls he what describe to developed Althusser Louis Pierre of ofideology.working the detail in describing theorist, a as and literature and world real between explanation an and yore. of times of mist the in lost getting ideology its long, last alone let appear, even to unlikely are effects its case A possible method of linking the HPs to real world phenomena is by using the theory the using by is phenomena world real to HPs the linking of method possible A 18 necessarily not are cultures other that elements British many have does it Undoubtedly convey to apparatus an as serve can itself literature (1971), Althusser to According Current trends would indicate exactly the opposite outcome, for example if we consider the number of consider ifwe the example outcome, for theopposite indicateexactly would Current trends 1.7.1. 18 In sum therefore Althusser is useful as a politician, providing a link a providing politician, a as useful is Althusser therefore sum In Althusser’s notion of literature as aState as Apparatus notionofliterature Althusser’s ). The Ideological State Apparatus would serve as the as serve would Apparatus State Ideological The ). 13 In
CEU eTD Collection fictional death the precise real world date is also established. However, she also hints at their future careers – careers future their at hints of the novel. genre of thefantasy reminder asalso a thechronotopia breaking thereby she However, established. also is date world real precise the death fictional their of case in date, precise the giving born, were the characters [n.d.], on when touch)in she keeps which ofboth with Cauldron Leaky the and [n.d.] (Mugglenet pages related other on and n.d.) (Rowling, page home her on and interviews in information additional providing reality, with novel fictional her conflate to seems deliberately depicts, novel the that discourse of spaces different the denote ontheirvalue. connotations any further without to term the use merely I - the term use Greek to topoi correct or topias different the of opposition the novel. in bad the or in good of spaces connotation ideology any entail different not does “cultures” the This different borrowing the to only refer to am order I in place, analysis for topos particular term exist this Greek not in does that Moreover, place N.D.). a dictionary, with deals Etymology book Online the (Utopia, that insinuating (space) topos and (non) ou words the joining by was created theword Originally thecases. any in of idealplace beingan an in order convey did to intend I not and Muggles between space, in only not well, as time in disjointed is madness of notion the power, in shift the of Because Voldemort. Lord Wizard, dark feared most the by occurs ( novel last the in when caesura sharp a is There continuous. world. wizarding ofthe interpretation Muggletopian a as formulated were my claims of many words In other world. Muggle the in time to time from live or novel the in Muggles as denoted are who characters, fictional those with background cultural shared a and analogy string a is there that presupposition underlying an has naturally This it. know we as world’ ‘real the from taken are novel the of analysis the during upon rely as myself Muggletopia define to similar very culture a to belonging readers) most probably (and I surprising, hardly fine- is less description its grained therefore novel, the in secondary is Muggletopia Though of time. concept in the madness regarding change major a through go to seem not does own its of culture Ishall (1)Muggletopia that call Muggles, fistthoseofthe is The systems. social or “cultures” worlds, different 3 least at of talk books the as significant is This HPs. the of analysis film or literary the in consideration into factors these both take we that essential is it time, across and cultures across changes ideology its and madness of notion the that (1970) Having thus stated following the line of thought of Foucault (2006) and Althusser and (2006) Foucault of thought of line the following stated thus Having 20 19 not is madness on discourse the however, world wizarding the Considering oee rirr hs coc f aayi ih em t e t i oeoty hw Rowling how noteworthy is it be, to seem might analysis of choice this arbitrary However Moore, Thomas by Utopia entitled book the by popular made utopia of phrase the from taken Though 1.8. Worlds apart yet united in madness – the topias inthe series –the topias united inmadness Worlds yet apart 14 20 , therefore many of the assumptions that I that assumptions the of many therefore , Deathly Hallows Deathly 19 . Muggletopia, as a as . Muggletopia, ) a coup d’état coup a )
CEU eTD Collection he learns that he belongs to the culture of wizards. theculture to that belongs learns he he when 4, Chapter in Hagrid finally and – one no from letters the of arrival the until community, wizarding the to theterm. mefrom discouraged using its pronunciation of the awkwardness again secondly and shift a in is Subject Absolute the of position the that out turns soon it firstly yet series, the of beginning the in Subject) Absolute the terms, Althusserian in (or figure leading knowledgeable the undoubtedly as such neologisms created have would terminology donated. have of line this would it accuracy However, the than confusion more add to seemed it that awkward so felt well. which Voldemortochronotopia, as time include to order how and why words other in – dynamicity its well, as addressed be must illness the of nature diachronic the categorized) be should it how and illness mental a is (what already mentioned his in out points Foucault as madness with dealing of ways main two are there However, not. is it what and is madness it with along and completely, restored well. is as onmadness previousdiscourse the presumably Pottertopia of order previous the Epilogue 36 final, the at Voldemort of death the with ( ends it and long for established on remain not does however system reigning a as Voldemortopia book fourth the from apparent is world wizarding the of back ( book seventh final, the in happens only itself d’état coup the as uncertain is Voldemortopia (3) system social final the of beginnings seven of out books six almost last to Pottertopia enabling series, the of much over takes wizard a as culture andworld his and novel namedof the protagonist the becomes Potter, Harry lived, who boy The him. murder to tried who evil, ultimate the of death book uncertain first the with starts Pottertopia HPs. the ( of part first the in set chronologically wizards Philosopher’s Stone Philosopher’s 23 22 21 what defining of madness, of image motionless stationary, a of spoke only I far, So 21 One could argue that the expression Dumbledoreotopia would have been more accurate as he is he as accurate more been have would Dumbledoreotopia expression the that argue could One term the borrow to accurate more been have would it Perhaps Notably though in the beginning of the first book Harry Potter is ignorant of the fact that he belongs he that fact the of ignorant is Potter Harry book first the of beginning the in though Notably al te scn utr r sca ytm teeoe i 2 Pottertopia (2) is therefore system social or culture second the call I . 1.9. ) with the opening scene of a boy who lived and the apparent, but apparent, the and lived who boy a of scene opening the with ) The Mental Illness and Psychology Psychology and Illness Mental what and and how Deathly Hallows Deathly ofmadness th chapter of the last book. Judging from the from Judging book. last the of chapter 15 (1976). Over and above the question the above and Over (1976). ), yet the secret plotting behind the behind plotting secret the yet ), chronotopia The Goblet of Fire of Goblet The from Bakhtin (1981), in (1981), Bakhtin from 23 . The . ). 22
CEU eTD Collection Edition, Revised Edition, easier. its core. at ofmadness theme the has novel the in not-said the whether question the raises which HPs, the of community wizarding psychiatrists and psychologists fact, In DSM). about data know to need the to according would criteria all – planning and cognition memory, in abilities cognitive we decreased disorder depressive major of case the in example (for possible be to diagnoses psychological for data necessary the with readily us provides MuggletopiaPotter’s Harry of that to synchronous nearly be to supposed is which – world today’s in diagnoses all of basis the forms DSM The time). in changes radical quite through goes it (although cultures different for adapted versions different for allow not does it words other In translations. direct has it consequently stable, and universal atlas, anatomical an as just community medical the of process This DSM-IV-TR called discourse. presently illnesses, Muggletopian mental of handbooks medical the two the of one on to based is categorization according book the the of illnesses in mental characters possible categorizes thus or and knowledge – psychiatric discourse say psychiatrico-medical to is that – background scientific Muggletopian modern topias different the in madness analyze to attempt my in Therefore, developed. illness particular that 24 The first type of analysis, the static one takes a synchronic point of view based on the on based view of point synchronic a takes one static the analysis, of type first The 27 26 25 24 Voldemortopia nor Pottertopia, neither lacuna: curious a has world wizarding The described above, I use a double level of analysis: a a double Iuseofanalysis: level above, a described I prefer to use the word topias instead of the correct Greek form of topoi to make comprehension make to topoi of form Greek correct the of instead topias word the use to prefer I According to additional data provided by Rowling on her site at least (Rowling, n.d.) (Rowling, atleast site byRowling onher data provided additional to According Fourth Manual. of Diseases) (internationalclassification is the ICD widespreadmanual The other Disorders, Mental of Manual Statistic and Diagnostic of abbreviation the is acronym The 1.9.1. 25 madness? 27 DSM) as shorthanded on here from – (2000; . The HPs as a narration of case studies – what is –what studies ofcase anarration The HPs as en masse masse en 16 seem to be oddly missing from the from missing oddly be to seem static and a and 26 . The DSM is treated by treated is DSM The . dynamic one.
CEU eTD Collection eso f te Odps Cmlx h lcr ope em o b isn altogether. missing be to seems Complex Electra the Complex, Oedipus the of version female The one. for search constant in both are they and all at none Neville none, yet and Figures Father various has Harry complex. this resolving in do females than problems more have to seem always males that suggests HPs the yet Complex, Oedipus the of resolution the bySigmund (1977). Freud ofpsychosexualdevelopment theory the be to appeared task a such to candidate adept most explain The madness. to of instances essential possible is theory developmental a therefore 2003), (Anatol, Bildungsroman nature. “hermaphrodite”) Jung’sand vonFranz,1964]terms, [Jung to according (or queer even or masculine or feminine their and madness putative their between connection the and personality changing their novel, the in characters the of development the examine to psychoanalysis use I Voldemortopia and Pottertopia examining In organicism. dynamic their structure, static their of instead words, other in illnesses, mental of reasons presumed and motivations hidden the reveals times at view This narrator. omniscient an of power the via lives characters’ the all of story detailed a view, dynamic and diachronic a do: to refuses task. challenging a always rather –is forthat matter diagnosis other any or – diagnoses psychiatric establishing that mind in keep must one Nevertheless novel. a from gain can one what than knowledge richer much a of possession in analyses case world real in even find to enough difficult is Diagnosis point. my illustrate to cases certain in include occasionally I that descriptions, Muggletopian the with accordance total in not However the topias in the HPs do provide one thing the scientific DSM categorically DSM scientific the thing one provide do HPs the in topias the However sometimes are provide I categories psychiatric the above, the all of consequence a As According to Freud (1977), girls are likely to face more difficulties when it comes to comes it when difficulties more face to likely are girls (1977), Freud to According a considered often is HPs the as important especially is view diachronic This 1.9.2. why and how and why ofmadness The HPs and psychosexual developmental theory –the theory developmental The psychosexual HPs and 17
CEU eTD Collection the thesis. in directly with dealt not issue an crisis, identity on emphasis special a with confusion role rather but stage, this of outcome an as illnesses mental consider not does he as misleading and confusing both be would it yet (1959) accepting only not society, symbolically and peers with identification possible about rather but parents, with identification and problems concerning longer no is complex this words other In normality. of question the in point reference the become who subjects other of set different subtly time same the at yet similar of multitude a amidst herself or him- finds subject The does). partner sexual and pair a finding before well (N.B. foregrounded get peers family, core the left having that is The ones previous established. the and finally complex this is between difference it essential resolution, successful a of case in and questioned is sanity genitalphase. during the orearly phase latency the in resolved be to has that complex different a as it theorize I interpretation, Freudian the the instable analysis the in render would backgrounds shift theoretical a case this in yet (1959), theory developmental Erikson’s Erik using identity for search a as this interpret to possible is it Although madness. thesis: the of core very the is question This memory). her in gaps has who book, same the in Weasley Ginny or voices the in Potter Harry (consider at times ofobsession the point even recurringto question same constantly the themselves pose characters the of all Almost Lovegood. Luna perhaps is idea this to conform to manages who persononly the perhaps of learning, capacity full their in complexes, sort of any from free and difficulties major of void therefore puberty), to years 6-7 from roughly lasts (which period “latency” supposed their in all are characters the theory developmental psychosexual Freud’s to according Although stages. consecutive two between boundary a mark not does that onset undefined and late or connotation sexual of lack its because possibly Freud of theory the from missing and overlooked posited, be to needs complex tentative new a phenomena, certain explain to order in flawless: be to seem not does novel the to applied as theory, the However, 28 of perception own person’s a complex, Dionysian baptized I that complex this In In this case we would need to apply the developmental theory of another psychologist, Erik Erikson Erik psychologist, another of theory developmental the apply to need would we case this In Chamber of Secrets of Chamber 18 , who is constantly hearing disembodied hearing constantly is who , 28 . As I preferred to remain within remain to preferred I As .
CEU eTD Collection madness” really occur, considering the novels extreme popularity? popularity? novels extreme the occur, really considering madness” “gendered on discourse and ideology the in change a Would society. (Muggle) real-world the in repercussions future possible of problem the challenges also HPs the in represented discourse gendered a as Madness gender. of issue the core its at has madness) of development of question work. a future well as in settings real-life in feasibility its test to worthwhile be would it however thesis, the in on elaborate to try shall I that question the to answer tentative a just is Complex Dionysian The Snape). (good females than Severus injured as known commonly more it Prince, Half-Blood the of or Voldemort comprise out examples come to seem males more overall novel the from judging yet Potter), Harry and Weasley Ginny of examples the (in genders both in occurs the Complex. in resolving unsuccessful to those attached is madness of label the often very of however, notion acceptance very social on the based As partly is Voldemort). madness of case the in (as complex unresolved the of part is special even or different being of feeling the madness: overt involving necessarily not forms, different on take can outcastness of state This self. new a out carve to identity, new a form to sufferer the urges self inner and past the of rejection the and voluntary, or enforced either normality. consequently and oneself– of characteristics core inner and others, past by own one’s acceptance of acceptance acceptance, and conformity is result the successfully, resolved is père du ( Name-of-the-Father seminars his in it uses (2007) Lacan as or Father the of Law the In the contrary case, failure to resolve the Dionysian Complex leads to outcastness, to leads Complex Dionysian the resolve to failure case, contrary the In In sum, the main puzzle whose pieces I endeavour to collect (thus answering the answering (thus collect to endeavour I pieces whose puzzle main the sum, In it demonstrated as and gender-neutral, is itself in Complex Dionysian the Although ), but the Law of the Other (tentatively (tentatively Other the of Law the but ), what smdes n u oehr(hsadesn h the addressing (thus together put and madness) is le nom de l’autre de nom le 19 ). If the Dionysian Complex Dionysian the If ). how n and why of the of le nom le
CEU eTD Collection in the book and later written byRowling herself. later written thebookand in 2009-04-12. practices, as such aspects various on focusing world, Western the in madness of concept the “ entitled subject the classique l'âge à folie la de Histoire Reason of Age the in Insanity of History A Civilization: interplay the specifically examines gender. historyand between who (1985), Showalter of that than gender-neutral more is therefore madness of account historical His madness. on work major his in gender to attention less pays he gaze, medical the and institutions power, on heavily concentrates he to first, perspective ages. changesthrough the gendered madness particularly how and closely madness examine cultural and historical a take to useful is it novel, the of after-effects 2. 31 30 29 as such works, early his in madness of history the analyzes Foucault as however madness, of history the of account comprehensive a gives (2006) Foucault as future in appear may that changes and outcomes possible the understand to order In ore oTb: YouTube: Source: The title is an allusion to a spin-off of the HPs, titled „Quidditch through the ages”, often mentioned often ages”, the through „Quidditch titled HPs, the of spin-off a to allusion an is title The Source: YouTube: http://www.mahalo.com/harry-potter-and-the-half-blood-prince-trailer 2.1. Madness throughMadness the ages The history of madness of history The
http://www.mugglenet.com/app/news/show/2214 Foucault on madness Foucault on http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DJkSfeMCh2E&feature=related is perhaps the most important memory I’ve ever collected. I’ve ever importantmemory the most perhaps is , 1961), which is a short version of his his of version short a is which 1961), , “What we are looking at are memories. […] This […] atmemories. are looking weare “What ” (2006). Foucault gives a very broad account of account broad very a gives Foucault (2006). ” (from the official Harry Potter Trailer forHarry Trailer Potter officialHarry (from the 31 “In order to understand the future, wehave to future, order“In the to understand 20 (1988) (originally (originally (1988) Potter and the Half-Blood Prince the Half-Blood Potter and , Retrieved 2009-04-12. , Retrieved Retrieved 2009-04-12 Retrieved […] It is also alie.” also is It […] unravel the past.” unravel Folie et déraison: et Folie grande ouvre grande (Dumbledore) Madness and Madness Retrieved , on 30 29 )
CEU eTD Collection the later sense, as the practices, ideas and knowledges about the world that create and construct it. and construct create theworld that knowledges about ideas and as thepractices, sense, the later in only developed exclusion, of practice a society, of practice special a of circle ever-repeating general, a rather are they kind; any of progress a being from far are madness on discourse the in changes the that insists He society. for unacceptable those over control social of type a as served always madness of objectification the stages, three these throughout and changed have treatment might the discourse though even that the insists He being gaze. third medical the modern while the of Age, development Classical the second the Renaissance, the of that being show. ofDSMclearly editions changing constantly and numerous the as debates, fierce of centre the at is disorder mental a considered be to is what i.e. content, the Yet power-figures). medical most to according occur to likely not (though possible also is discourse medicalized 1960), the (Szasz, of subversion forward the put therefore also was madness of category the of abolition total the case, extreme an As subtle. more are changes current although speak, we as today stone in carved or frozen not still is madness of notion the However, punished. be to deviations cured, than be rather to illnesses of label the of protection the under came sufferers their mostly and work). in Foucault’s foretold already is ofthe madness Pottertopia structured casethe latter this (in witchcraft oras behaviour inferior animal-like as ways: in different two constructed be medicalized term: the of senses both could they disorders mental of medicalization the Before society. of attitude the and treatment in – treatment their on effect vast a had disorder mental on discourse and behaviour deviant of interpretation the how on account extensive word. ofthe sense Foucauldian the in madness, on discourse the short in – period given a of literature and institutions ideas, Foucault’s seminal work on mental illnesses “ illnesses mental on work seminal Foucault’s 32 the in of madness periods 3 distinguishes Foucault disorders mental that century 19th the before not was it (2006), Foucault to According In this work Foucault does not yet use the term discourse in this sense, the concept being fully being concept the sense, this in discourse term the use yet not does Foucault work this In The order of things of order The 32 (1970). Nevertheless from this point on I shall use the word discourse in discourse word the use shall I on point this from Nevertheless (1970). . 21 The history of madness of history The History of Madnessof History ” (2006) gives an gives (2006) ” (2006), the first (2006), the
CEU eTD Collection following lines it becomes clear that her madness is not taken as a dangerous or fearful state, fearful or dangerous a as taken not is madness her that clear becomes it lines following force. repulsive extraordinary an have to seems which Express, Hogwarts of compartment a in first appears She surprising. hardly is wizards other of attitude the description, first her of manner the from Judging lunatic. to reference a being likely very novel), the in many (as name talking a is Luna crazy. outright not if odd best at considers society of rest the which of all theories, conspiracy least not but last and legends objects, creatures, dubitable of fond extremely are Lovegood The Lovegood. Luna daughter his and Lovegood Xenophilius – family Lovegood experience. most people that world one and single ofthe instead multitude ofworlds a experienced and differently world the seeing of capable were who artists, as such understood, not those included tragic The discourse. critical the and discourse tragic –the madness about the HPs. with onsome parallels draw I shall briefly, periods aforementioned the Describing one. constructed socially a rather but category universal and coherent a or not is itself goal madness that account his definite from follows It embetterment. no with fashion random kaleidoscope-like a in other each follow which During Foucault’s first described age, the Renaissance period, two discourses reigned discourses two period, Renaissance the age, described first Foucault’s During The introduction of Ginny is not an accident or a slip of tongue – yet from the from yet – tongue of slip a or accident an not is Ginny of introduction The the - HPs the in appears madness of type this of example peculiar and interesting An Phoenix, p.138.) Phoenix, anyone. disturb to wanting one, this in room not about something mumbled Neville —” here “There’s in Lovegood Loony only there’s him. behind compartment the into peer to Neville seat…” finda can’t 2.1.1. H, Hry e [eil] pne. “i in…vrwees full…I Ginny…everywhere’s “Hi, panted. [Neville] he Harry” “Hi, “Don’t be silly,” said Ginny, laughing, “she’s all right.” (Order of the of (Order right.” all “she’s laughing, Ginny, said silly,” be “Don’t past squeezed had who Ginny, said about?” talking you are “What madperson The Renaissance Period –the multiperspectived Period The Renaissance 22
CEU eTD Collection than the othersthan the gives himself distance to wish his down, upside magazine the holding as such behaviour, her boys. norms. sense ofsocietal her different ofsociety indicating –possibly rules the flout clearly wear to chooses she clothes The reality. surrounding the of interpretations various to openness extreme butworld, of the closed-mindedness by the tainted notas madness defined was it if as innocence, calm of rather is it yet feeling, eerie an her give certainly ease more with it accepting be to seems Ginny – boys the particularly shocks even or surprises which societies, past) even the ofsociety. norms in ofinterest a lack but rather DionysianComplex), unresolved an as considered be to need would (which refusal outright an not a is it yet society, of norms without her accepts concerns. further who Ginny, only is it – alliance sisterhood-based female a were it if as functions acceptance the that notable also is It personality. eccentric or curious a rather but Her physical description leaves no doubt that she is not particularly interested in the in interested particularly not is she that doubt no leaves description physical Her 33 about oddities the from apart as strange, just than more Luna find does himself Harry the with case the be to seem not does this yet her, of afraid be not is certainly Ginny (or contemporary of women towards expectations all against clearly are looks Her Although it has to be mentioned that she is in the same year with her, therefore she knows her better her knows she therefore her, with year same the in is she that mentioned be to has it Although She stared and stared at Harry, who had taken the seat opposite her and now and her opposite seat the thePhoenix, .(Order p.138.) heof hadn’t. wished taken had who Harry, at stared and stared She Quibbler The was p.138.) of nodded. thePhoenix, She (Order on Harry. she that or corks, Butterbeer of rest to came and Neville over ranged eyes necklace Her upside-down. magazine a reading a wear to chosen had she that or safekeeping, for ear left her behind wand her stuck had she that fact the it was Perhaps dottiness. distinct of aura an off gave a girl The her by. compartment this gave that eyes protuberant pass and to chosen had Neville why once at knew Harry look. surprised permanently eyebrows pale very hair, blonde dirty The girl beside the window looked up. She had straggly, waist-length, straggly, had She up. looked window the beside girl The Luna watched them over her upside-down magazine, which was called was which magazine, upside-down her over them watched Luna . She did not seem to need to blink as much as normal humans. normal as much as blink to need to seem not did She . 33 e poueat ee” ad “emnn upie look” surprised “permanent and eyes” “protuberant Her . 23
CEU eTD Collection be interpreted as mad or not. Considering her name, though in the HPs talking names are not are names talking HPs the in though name, her Considering not. or mad as interpreted be to is she whether clear altogether not is it that say to obliged are we madness, of explanation group. their integrated into remains she –yet harmlessness obvious her of because or Luna, label to refusing female sane a of presence the of because either – failed has occasion this on exclusion of game The conclusion. this to him leading independence own his perhaps but Ginny, of influence an perhaps her, with ease at more is he that showing humour, with remark – odd though – casual her to reacts and mad necessarily from her. thosesurrounding andreflected is from her emanates personality that humour madness. oftragic idea Renaissance the to closer much thus - Voldemort but from different wildly harmless is she only and on later not helpful extremely be to proves she nevertheless character, her from description the from missing altogether not is danger that indicate would similarities These Márquez. García from Macondo of village entire the to memory of erasure sluggish a and sleeplessness of plague the spreading eyes slowly darkness, the her in glowing with sleepless nights the passes who past a without girl the with associates also image The days. 7 after death timed precisely a and secret dark a hide to seems sleep not does as such movies horror from others among images, nightmarish him. frightens it – him annoy than more does that gaze particular this is it him, at gaze students all that fact the of spite In him. of front in sitting girl peculiar the of fear repressed his away Luna’s unblinking eyes undoubtedly invoke a plethora of intertextual references to references intertextual of plethora a invoke undoubtedly eyes unblinking Luna’s Summing up the arguments so far remaining in the frame of a tragic Renaissance tragic a of frame the in remaining far so arguments the up Summing not is – different though – Luna that fact the to succumbs Harry even point this At her is Voldemort of that from different so “madness” her makes that peculiarity A (Order of the Phoenix, p.138.) thePhoenix, (Order of Harry. said know I“I am,” she Potter,” added. You’re Harry 24 ude er fSltd Solitude of Years Hundred The Ring, The where the girl who girl the where by
Gabriel
CEU eTD Collection and makemine. them and roundthem twist Ithat. like things with liberties of lot a take I me. of front in standing person the in as 'thing' the it make to decided I but illness, the was 'thing' the and illness cure to used was it “Originally, explains Rowling from comes (2004) ( Cup Quidditch World the during them imitate to try they when [ – by enthralled is Weasley Mr as Just World. Wizarding the and the madeyesofhumans. equally in shall be divineseen reason and God of eyes the in madness be to seem always shall Reason human therefore irreconcilable, are reason human and reason divine thesis main its to According Rablais. and Erasmus as such scientists by advocated was period Renaissance the in concept second This time. the at different a with girl a as accepted an outcast. yet nolonger worldview, becomes soon she Hermione, and Ron Harry, with similar fashion. very a in acts father her as ungendered, be to seems of madness of those kind from This different others. be might balance her of pivot the though even – determined and calm balanced, appears She consultations. or Mungo’s St. in ward psychiatry a to her send to Pottertopia in anyone to occur would it whether doubtful is it that abruptly so and soon so lifted is raises madness of fear the that tension the However, conclusion. opposite the to point all would dressing and behaviour unusual her to allusions numerous the and appearance subversive are HPsdeliberately in the many as names be thismisleading, might lunatic, word the to connected automatically almost and easily be can Luna and uncommon, all at Philosopher’s Stone Philosopher’s On the other hand expressions such as dottiness, the presentation of her physical her of presentation the dottiness, as such expressions hand other the On 34 World Muggle the between difference irrevocable the is HPs the in parallel perfect A flourished also discourse critical the discourse, another discourse tragic the from Apart then Ginny, with all of first friends becoming before unpopularity Luna’s of spite In The most famous example being the killing curse, Avada Kedavra, which according to Rowling to according which Kedavra, Avada curse, killing the being example famous most The Aramaic, and it is the original of original the is it and Aramaic, ” (J.K. Rowling official Site, n.d.) official Site, (J.K. Rowling ” ]), the Muggles find it funny the way wizards and witches dress up dress witches and wizards way the funny it find Muggles the ]),
abracadabra 25 , which means 'let the thing be destroyed.' As destroyed.' be thing the 'let means which , escapators Goblet of Fire of Goblet (meaning escalators(meaning ). The attitude The ). 34 .
CEU eTD Collection Tom Riddle. It is our choices, Harry, that show what we truly are, far more than our abilities.”(Chamber of abilities.”(Chamber our than more far are, truly we what p.214.) Secrets, show that Harry, from choices, different very our you is makes It “Which Riddle. as him Tom from different him makes Gryffindor in him put to the asked hat explicitly sorting he that fact the Voldemort, to similarities many has he and snakes) to talk can who person carnivalesque Bakhtinian the of overtone the carries Azkaban The witches. and wizards walls. city mad outside bychasing the alsooccasionally but them, enclosing by only not accomplished was This lepers. lodge to used formerly were that term French the (using renfermement Confinement of Age the calls Foucault that age the is This be). might reason that twisted however – it behind lurking reason a had Unreason while psychosis], called be would today [what reality with totally contact loosing means Madness includes title original the reason a is there that out point often critics and 2006] [Khalfa, translators (Foucault’s unreason with equated was doso. denied to oftalent lack the for yet witch a become to desiring fervently shows, Evans/Dursley Petunia of case the as abilities to opposed as choices one’s of importance the emphasizes Dumbledore much how matter no that fact the on focus criticisms many though Even worlds. the between implied is hierarchy a immediately (human-divine), topias. different the between incomprehension because ofthe with swarming humour is it so [ Cup World in home their at appearance brief his (in Dumbledore Quidditch the to him take and Harry collect to attempt an in them (visiting Weasley’s the towards stepparents Potter’s Harry of Having said that, I must urgently make a disclaimer, as by using the original parallel original the using by as disclaimer, a make urgently must I that, said Having 35 of prison the Azkaban, the is HPs the in confinement great this of example curious A madness Age Classical the period, second the in description, Foucault’s to According For example in The Chamber of Secrets he reveals to Harry that even though he is a Parseltoungue (a Parseltoungue a is he though even that Harry to reveals he Secrets of Chamber The in example For ). Madness was kept away from the rest of the world for example in the houses the in example for world the of rest the from away kept was Madness ). 2.1.2. Azkaban Pottertopia’s Carnivalesque Lazarhouse –The Lazarhouse Carnivalesque Pottertopia’s 35 , magic is an inborn talent, irrevocably present or not, or present irrevocably talent, inborn an is magic , Folie et Déraison et Folie 26 Half-Blood Prince Half-Blood olt o Fire of Goblet as they are not the same. the not are they as ) is inimical, yet even yet inimical, is ) ) o vn towards even or ]) le grand le
CEU eTD Collection places, in an oddly similar fashion two or three centuries later centuries three or two fashion similar oddly an in places, As mad. the „ ultimately (2006) it puts and Foucault illnesses bodily other of bearers poor, the accommodate to Germany and France in both converted often were houses Lazar medicine. than rather ethics on based evidently well, as confinement great the to prey fell prostitutes and unemployed the blasphemous, the cases some In expertise. medical any on based necessarily not times, at arbitrary quite be can chosen group the yet – members society some that expel to suggesting needs necessarily – lepers the of place the replacing insanity and illness poorness, is tone. and disinterested with a neutral regarded rather it either, self-punishment or punishment victim-based non-deserved, a as regarded not is it punishment, well-deserved a being as emphasized not though – prevails attitude same the controlled and directed a as seen be symptoms. have thoughtdeserved the to are generally sufferers whose punishment, to comes illness Mental stifling and suffering. dark of a in enclosure disappear memories pleasant all thoughts, happy all – depression offunctioning. way rather different a byitshas walls confined offools creation this However, sense. this in 1977) (Foucault, Panopticon the to resemblance mad, uncanny an into bearing sane the turns confinement this up, locked being fools the of instead as (1941) The Dementors are the incarnation of the mental illness that we today know as major as know today we that illness mental the of incarnation the are Dementors The It is particularly striking how Foucault underlines the idea of an overarching category, overarching an of idea the underlines Foucault how striking particularly is It nearly novel, the in disorders depressive major to comes it when enough, Curiously prisoners go mad in there.” ( there.” gomadin prisoners the of Most Dementors. place, a of out happiness the suck shaking…They and weak all back came he been, ever he’d place worst the was it said he And Fred? 2.1.3. [George said] “Dad had to go out to Azkaban one time, remember, time, one Azkaban to out go to had “Dad said] [George The game of exclusion would be played again, often in these same these in often again, played be would exclusion of game The The Prisoner of Azkaban, p.61. of Prisoner The The ofundesirables congregation 27 ) ” (p.8.). In a way, madness way, a In (p.8.). ”
CEU eTD Collection eonzbe r-nee h omnt f wzrs ed o oetk otroi. As Pottertopia. overtake to ready express novel it: words in the Dumbledore’s longer wizards, no of person, different community entirely the an re-entered back, recognizable came he when and places other among Albania visiting be to supposed was he when journey, mysterious a famous during his transmutation through went Voldemort reason. loose to even is it time the of most – reason lost retrieve reason. to ofa pilgrimage meaning oftensymbolic took journey the the cargo senseless “ who pilgrims, and merchants travelling of care the to trusted and walls, city of out chased were mad the way the to appropriate more denied. society ofjoining ofintegration, the freedom outside, confined be can one or away, taken movement of freedom the inside, confined be can one – meaning double a on take can confinement how notable is it However institution. penitentiary a but excluded, the accommodating of role the over takes that unit sanitary a not is it case this in therefore offences, criminal for there largely were inmates the Voldemortopia, of onset the before that assume only can We half-blood. least at or pure not is or Lord Dark the opposes who anyone of category broad the with cells its filling case latter the in Voldemortopia, and disease. by veneral taken first was place this that claimed scholars many although leprosy, of heir true the became Azkaban likewise changes its inmates on the overturn of power between Pottertopia between power of overturn the on inmates its changes likewise Azkaban Conversely, in the HPs whenever a journey takes place it is hardly ever to retrieve lost retrieve to ever hardly is it place takes journey a whenever HPs the in Conversely, is exclusion times many – exact very necessarily not is confinement of expression The osre ih te ey wrt o u kn, udret s ay dangerous, was many he Voldemort, so Lord as underwent resurfaced kind, he when our that of transformations, magical worst very the with consorted school the leaving after disappeared He Hogwarts. at ago, years fifty myself, him taught I Riddle. 2.1.4. ”(Foucault, 2006, p.9.) to uncertain destinations. In fact, as Foucault observes, Foucault as fact, In destinations. uncertain to p.9.) 2006, ”(Foucault, “Very few people know that Lord Voldemort was once called Tom called once was Voldemort Lord that know people few “Very … travelled far and wide and far travelled Failed attempts at voyages to nowhere at attempts voyages Failed drifted from one town to another carrying their carrying another to town one from drifted … sank so deeply into the Dark Arts, Dark the into deeply so sank 28
CEU eTD Collection that the Death Eaters have not yet dared to touch – Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Witchcraft of School Wizardry. Hogwarts – touch to dared yet not have Eaters Death the that place only the at but itself, voyage the in not is seeks desperately so he reason the that finally “ true the is Slughorn and solace. ofmind a peace the – but time at reigning the circumstances account into taking reasonable, than more are actions his as – reason own his not find to travel unending an in life his spends Slughorn Horace Hogwarts, at teacher former a fear, by mad Driven HPs. the the of personification the were “ inmates the and – liminality ultimate the threshold, the was away) driven not yet in, let not cities, the of gates the at confined were (they outcastness force social great a carried clearly and meaning, “ Foucault to According society. for meaning “ the of existence the on insists He of case the in past, previous irreconcilably.Voldemort, of loss and madness into journey a but change, of journey Passanger par excellence, prisoner of the passage of the prisoner Passanger excellence, par Foucault emphasizes that often the journey was not taken on firm land, but on water. on but land, firm on taken not was journey the often that emphasizes Foucault a definitely though sanity, to journey the not meant case this in journey Therefore Constantly on the run in order to find reason in a world where madness is taking over, taking is madness where world a in reason find to order in run the on Constantly of Prince Half-Blood the in appears passage eternal and liminality of character a Such scopes and make sure the neighbors don’t spot you bringing in the piano.” the in bringing you spot don’t p.45.) Prince, (Half-Blood neighbors Sneako- the of sure instead make use and they alarms scopes burglar absurd these on very Charm been simple Freezing it’s one how, know — you once Islands easy quite Canary It’s leave. the to sorry in be I’ll pleasant, holiday on are place this of owners the — house Muggle to house Muggle from Move week. a than more place one in stay Never year. a for move the on been I’ve chance. the them given haven’t “Are recruiting yet?” come theyhaven’t methat telling you really Dumbledore. said murder,” and torture, coercion, to talents considerable p.211) of here.”Secrets, (Chamber Boy Head once boywho was handsome clever, the with Voldemort Lord connected anyone Hardly recognizable. barely Slughorn eyed Dumbledore balefully for a moment, then muttered, “I muttered, then moment, a for balefully Dumbledore eyed Slughorn your turn to you want would Eaters] Death [the they that imagine “I passenger par excellence par passenger ship of fools of ship h hp o ol a odd wt heavy with loaded was fools of ship The 29 ” that Foucault describes. Yet he realizes he Yet describes. Foucault that ” ror ” ” (p.11). ” (p. 11). The prison, the journey, the journey, the prison, The 11). (p. ” stultifera navi stultifera , that carried a serious a carried that ,
CEU eTD Collection from the others and the punishment. the othersand from protection offers it insane the for hand other the on however, hide; to necessity and shame possible symbolizes it gaze, public the from object occluding an as meaning: double a carry to potential the has curtain The curtain. a behind hidden later both and male, both Madness’, ‘Melancholic and Madness’ ‘Raving represented that statues two Cibber’s to referring well, as madness of representatives as stand could men period, this before that argues She revolution. 19 the have then since scholars feminist Many history ofmadness. in the issue gender an is important that particularly. demonstrated gender on attention his focus gaze. the medical to subjects became they and studied, and observed be could mad of masses the bars iron behind visible yet up Locked confinement. their being precisely reason the – before than curiosity more incited madness phenomenon: another to rise gave This species. human the of element and fear): danger (concerning observes Foucault himself As curiosity. with hand other the on and danger with hand one the on – things other two with associated entrance th The mad were often presented and shown as if they were a type of curious and strange and curious of type a were they if as shown and presented often were mad The became sudden a of all madness that notice to important more is it concern our to Yet Madness became harshly oppressive for women from the end of the 18 the of end the from women for oppressive harshly became Madness not does he yet oppression, and expulsion on focusing madness about talks Foucault etr n (hwle, 18) hc hwle eoe h is psychiatric first the denotes Showalter which 1985), (Showalter, on century are akin to madness itself.” (Foucault, 2006,p.10) (Foucault, itself.” to madness akin are the in installed has which purification, and leprosy exclusion division, of reactions similar that elicit and masses fear new the of place the take obsession new 2.2. „[But] only after a long latency period of almost two centuries did that did centuries two almost of period latency long a after only „[But] Gendered madness – The Madwoman in the attic descends to the descends attic Madwoman madness inthe Gendered –The 30
th century and century
CEU eTD Collection ears. ears. his on tight closing hands his and turning eyes his reaction, Harry’s by suggested is it as well, as house the in seemingly mad else everyone and driving with alarming threatens even is and unstoppable stirs contagious, event the emotions the Yet Side. Dark fervent the a of is who supporter Black, Mrs. with dealing are we that consideration into take we if even one, reasonable quite a be to seems wish This house. her enter not should there, see to like not would she people that thing: one see to wishes basically banshee, terrible a to belonging after soon meets Harry people first Phoenix) forthe ofthe Order headquarters as used time (at house the her entering the of one is She world). real the from off her shut her, blind to also but her, protect and hide to only not her of front in there is curtain the (as make they noises the by awakened apparently enter, house her in see to want not would she Phoenix the ( Black Mrs. woman, hysterical a of portrait the occluding and distancing silencing, The curtain in this function appears in the HPs as well, emphasizing the necessity of necessity the emphasizing well, as HPs the in appears function this in curtain The The screech, as it starts to resonate in the room, slowly filling every corner, as if as corner, every filling slowly room, the in resonate to starts it as screech, The freaks, begone from this place! How dare you befoul the house of my fathers –” offathers my befoul thehouse How you dare from this begone place! freaks, theirfaces. to trying at as though tear hands woman, clawed brandishing louder thanever, and she screeched close not theywould but old the over Mrs. shut and curtains the Lupin tug ears. to tried his and over forward darted hands Weasley his clapped and noise the at eyes his up screwed actually Harry that so too, yell, to began them, and awoke behind portraits hall other the the along all and screamed; she as taut stretched face her of life. his in had seen ever unpleasant, he most the and realistic, most – the but tortured portrait, life-size a being simply was were it realized she he then a though in as woman screaming old and screaming an was which cap behind black window a window, a through looking was he thought Harry second, split a For them. behind door no was there but apart, screech. blood-curdling –” trippedover I’ve second time the that’s umbrellastand, stupid her. ). Her hysterical trait consist in that she starts shouting insults whenever people whenever insults shouting starts she that in consist trait hysterical Her ). (Order of the Phoenix, p.58) thePhoenix, (Order of mutants, Half-breeds, vileness! and dirt of By-products Scum! “Filth! skin yellowing the rolling, were eyes her drooling, was woman old The flown had earlier passed had Harry curtains velvet moth-eaten The ear-splitting, horrible, a by drowned were words her of rest the But that “It’s floor. the on flat lying was who Tonks, wailed sorry!” “I’m behind look to turning exasperation, in Weasley Mrs. cried “Tonks!” CRASH. 31
Order of Order
CEU eTD Collection somebody of the opposite sex, a grown-up man a grown-up appears. sex, ofthe opposite somebody until – happening is what of idea no has and under-age is he there, is Harry though - Tonks Nymphadoraand Weasley Mrs about talking we’re as women, mostly – nerves their losing all Charm. Sticking permanent a with there herself fixed magically she as her remove to unable all rock, a as solid and immobile her, around everyone watching and guarding house, the to entrance time this temporarily not escaped, somehow had attic the in contained once was that danger the if as – within those to home and shelter a be in case the was 1979). Gubar, 18 the of literature the in described as again, madwoman hysterical the of existence real the of possibility the up conjuring window, a behind but painted even not person, in there truly if as realistic very looks She woman. hysterical dangerous the and hysteria of portrayals later with associated strongly are – intruders the to blindly apparently “ her rolling, eyes her – looks her blood and and – shrilling curdling – voice her Both chorus. the in join portraits other when particularly The panic and the chaos she causes reminds the reader of an oncoming Apocalypse oncoming an of reader the reminds causes she chaos the and panic The 36 time, long a for her silence to unable be to seem they as follow to seems Desperation as attic an in up locked safely not away, hidden longer no is she that notable also is It In the novel Jane Eyre the madwoman in the attic also escapes from the attic a few times. few froma theattic escapes also theattic in themadwoman Eyre In thenovelJane and Lupin managed to force the curtains closed again. closed again. thecurtains to managed Lupin force and offlesh!” my abomination, shame traitor, “Blood blanched. face woman’s Harry. Jane Eyre. Eyre. Jane (Order of the Phoenix, p.59) thePhoenix, (Order of silence fell. an echoing diedand screeches The woman’s old he effort stupendous a with and man, man. the roared UP!” – the shut – said of “I sight the at popping eyes her old howled, […]The she roared, “Yoooou!” he UP!” shut hag, old horrible you up, “Shut facing door a of out charging came hair black long with man […]a She is right at the entrance, guarding the place that is supposed to supposed is that place the guarding entrance, the at right is She 36 32 , but forever. She has installed herself in the in herself installed has She forever. but , brandishing clawed hands clawed brandishing th century (Gilbert and (Gilbert century
” reaching out reaching ”
CEU eTD Collection inverse image of Ophelia, she is the destroyer, rather than the self-destroyer and destroyed, and self-destroyer the than rather destroyer, the is she Ophelia, of image inverse in described poem, as Heine’s death, Heinrich certain their to them leads and men embezzles charm and beauty a to resemblance it on WiseMan. Old Archetype ofthe and the with Jung dealing section in the longer elaborate shall even I as and males in appears figures only this trickster yet – the wisdom and cunningness, sagacity creativity, to linked is way this in Madness the surface. beneath truth the out find to Hamlet) in (e.g. madness feigned as or itself truth reveal to used often is Shakespeare in madness Foucault, to According madness. malady, female truly the with unreason as madness male opposing thus truth) the reveal to madness feigned who Hamlet, to opposed (as mad truly considered was Shakespeare’s and herself mentions drowned who also Ophelia, (2006) Foucault already. iceberg an into frozen has of sea desire his although – theory Freud’s of idea the with well very resonates that metaphor a Iseut and time. form female this a in is it however – Madness” “Raving of statue the of that mirror to seems behaviour Her face. her in door the shutting or head her over cap a pulling words, the stifling her, enclosing body her on jacket straight a putting if as her, over curtains the pulling harshly act, brutal rather a like seems also silencing The son. own her being them of one – finally her silence to men two but one, even not takes It bay. at kept hardly be can she worse, even is what and threat The return of the dangerous and hysterical, unsilenceable women is described as a real a as described is women unsilenceable hysterical, and dangerous the of return The Foucault briefly mentions the image of another type of madwoman, bearing close bearing madwoman, of type another of image the mentions briefly Foucault in example for madness and water between link the at points (2006) Foucault , where the soul is seen as a bark in 15 in bark a as seen is soul the where , 2.3. femme fatale femme Foucault, Showalter and literature and Foucault, Showalter i oee Lorelei Die emnin h aedsryrdestroyer male the mentions He . Hie 8818) h The 1838/1982). (Heine, th century, tossed on an infinite sea of desire – desire of sea infinite an on tossed century, 33 Lorelei Lorelei is presented as the as presented is , who through her through who , Tristen
CEU eTD Collection the novel – just something that is a guest in our world or are they here to stay? From the From stay? to here they are or world our in guest a is that something just – novel the with along – ideologies these Are exactly? ideologies these are what and – ideologies these in discerned be game the of rules the Can apparatuses. ideological and ideology on notion his and Althusser Pierre Louis of theory the use I process this describe to order In created. “ aforementioned the was (2006) Foucault to according created was madness which by process force. larger and power overwhelming obvious their of spite in death their into men luring of capable are they which with weapon treacherous their as portrayed is women of beauty the Again above. singing woman wonderful the but of below, reefs the poem to not looks the also who boatman in the Heine, boat the in men the like abyss the into down dragged stadium, the of top the from leap to ready is he and grace and beauty the their by mesmerized totally is with Harry sirens. mythology Greek in already appearing motif a destiny, their death, their to men World Cup. Quidditch at the toappear this, who a goodparallel form veela the a HPs the In society. from label a as madness invoke and fear elicit them of both yet game of exclusion of game As the chapter demonstrated madness through the ages took on many faces and the and faces many on took ages the through madness demonstrated chapter the As the legendary to very similar The are veela impressive, right now. Jumping from the box into the stadium seemed a good a seemed of goodenough?p.67) Fire, it would (Goblet be idea…but stadium the into box the from Jumping now. very right something impressive, do to wanted He mind. dazed Harry’s through chasing started things happen. would terrible dancing, iftheystopped because veela, the thatkeptwatching world was inhe mattered the that blank.All blissfully and worrying stopped Harry and atall. aboutanything worrying stopped fact, in he beinghuman- not about them started, music the behind then out wind…but fan without hair them white-gold their or that, like moon-bright make shine could skin what be; their could they exactly what guess to tried a for he Harry while puzzled moment This human. - be couldn’t they - weren’t they that except And as the veela danced faster and faster, wild, half-formed thoughts half-formed wild, faster, and faster danced veela the as And completely gone had mind Harry’s and dance, to started had veela The seen… ever had Harry women beautiful most women…the were Veela ” (p.12). The question becomes therefore how the rules of the games are games the of rules the how therefore becomes question The (p.12). ” 34 Lorelei and the dangerous womanseducing dangerous and the
CEU eTD Collection who is the protagonist of the novel? protagonist ofthe the is who is it that way any in on matter it ideologies does – reversible the gender are remains: question important most the however perspective gender 35 Harry Potter and not not and Potter Harriet Potter
CEU eTD Collection 05-22. Textual reference also: also: Textualreference 05-22. power and ISA, the clear-cut to true typically is formerly which borders, country at as stopped neatly not are modified boundaries slightly be to needs it though 1970), (Althusser, useful be to seems ideology of concept Althusserian This ISA). - Apparatus State (Ideological ideology and RSA) - Apparatus State Repressive the – police the or army (the force brute practices signifying or forms cognitive of totality the ideology, is Power State upholding in important more power; physical brute full-fledged novel. the in far so addressed been yet not has madness of ideology the However, groups. religious by attacked often reality, warped its and murder) double a with opens it that example (for story, the of morals the against goes often criticism The directly. madness addresses them of none although 1981), B.E., Cullinan, 2001, Hunt, 2001, Zipes, 2001, (Smadja, ideologies pervasive 1970). (Althusser, realofexistence their conditions people and between relationship imaginary the is ideology whom to according Althusser, by ideology of that to close very falls definition its forms changing in notion eternal an As madness. be will always there and was there is, there that – temporary the in implied is eternal the time, across changes madness 3.1. s Fual, Soatr ad ohr eosrtd lhuh te eat maig of meaning exact the although demonstrated, others and Showalter Foucault, As 3. […] own. our theirinto passworld from will through evil year, This 38 37 have to need necessarily not does Power State steady a that claims (1969) Althusser and particular of set a conveys HPs the that agree critiques Marxist many Indeed From Science, literature and ideology, In: Formalism and Marxism. and In:Formalism ideology, and From literature Science, YouTube: Source: In the shackles ofIGA the shackles In the Potter of Harry http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=96QRVfto7OM&feature=fvst http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0417741/quotes Althusser on ideologyAlthusser on Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince Half-Blood Prince and the Potter Harry 36 38 . Althusser therefore posits two sources – sources two posits therefore Althusser . (from the official Harry Potter Trailer for Trailer Potter Harry official the (from Retrieved 2009-05-22. Retrieved , Retrieved 2009- Retrieved , 37 )
CEU eTD Collection translated by Rozalia Ivády byRozalia translated thesame. remains Apparatus theState coups d’état), revolutions, (e.g. change can Power we lens, magnifier ethnographer’s attentive and careful a under if as carefully outlooks these “ of series a than more nothing is ideology by warped interests always social is different reflection this where themselves, individuals between hand other imaginary the reflects form) theoretical organized the and on environment their and individuals between hand one on the exists that relationship less or more a (in which notions, the from component third ideology. this missingpiece and he called importance can be ofcrucial which equation, a out left theory Marxist that notices Althusser power labour aim. its achieve to Apparatus State the uses that “ a as State the conceived thought Marxist “ of means the secures State the which in forms the investigate to attempt an in theory, Marxist on based ISA original Althusser’s of instead Apparatus). State (Ideological (IGA) Apparatus Global Ideological term the use to propose I Therefore within. contained ideology the to neither novel, the to nor apply longer no boundaries and borders clearly – 2001) (Hunt, countries, 130 than more in market the on is it and 2006] A. [Wilson, Greek; Ancient and Latin to even version first (the languages 26 into translated been has HPs the that Considering State. single a to tied be longer no can therefore In his original essays Louis Pierre Althusser (1969, 1970) developed a new vision new a developed 1970) (1969, Althusser Pierre Louis essays original his In 40 39 “ is Althusser of definition exact the to according Ideology, eiiin tkn fo Lxcn o Piooh pitd drn h cmuit r n Hungary, in era communist the during printed Philosophy of Lexicon a from taken Definition State while and Apparatus State the from different is power state that holds theory Marxist Classic the ruling class ‘in words’.” (Althusser, 1970,p.15.) ‘inwords’.”(Althusser, class the ruling of domination the for provide will too, they, that so […] order established the of rules the to submission its of reproduction a time, same the at also, but skills, its reproducing the conditions of its production its of conditions the reproducing „…the reproduction of labour power requires not only a reproduction of reproduction a only not labour requires power of „…the reproduction ” 40 fo zgt t a. 96. Acrig t lhse however, Althusser to According 1976). al., et Szigeti (from world outlooks world machine of repression of machine 37 39 However, concerning the reproduction of reproduction the concerning However, ” (Althusser, 1970, p. 14). Classical 14). p. 1970, (Althusser, ” ”(1970, p.18), and upon examining upon and p.18), ”(1970, ” (Althusser, 1970, p. 10), p. 1970, (Althusser, ” the sum of those ideas and ideas those of sum the
CEU eTD Collection “fake apellation” is often the case with Voldemort, who is using repressive means (for means repressive using is who Voldemort, with case the often is apellation” This “fake apparatus. ideological an of name the under hiding apparatus repressive a is it when true! right!’’That’s “ we and obviousness as obviousness the realize but cannot we whereby Ideology, of functioning the to and sphere public the of byviolence.functions part a is which Apparatus, State Repressive the to opposed as subject its interpellating by functions and sphere private the to belongs ISA The Apparatuses. consultations. day, psychiatry modern in and – literature or church family, schools, as such Apparatuses, State Ideological called so the ideology, of entities incarnated state’s the and by Ideology hailed successfully not are who Subjects harness to reinforcement, a as only functions (RSA), The Apparatus apparatuses. State Repressive State of kinds two positing thereby (ISA), Apparatus State Ideological ofsociety. dreams, myths ideologies, one ofthe definitely is it, call bywhichwe name the be may whatever or insanity craziness, Madness, truths. unquestioned remain nevertheless power what “ words, Althusser’s self-sustenance. fortheir creates society primitive any that myths the than real more no are they that conclusion the to come necessarily would dooy a n iaiay rltosi ih te ra odtos o xsec, in existence, of conditions real the with relationship imaginary an as Ideology In the HPs it is easily observable when this ideological recognition truly occurs and occurs truly recognition ideological this when observable easily is it HPs the In “ of concept Althusser’s State Repressive the ad Ideological the between differences of number a are There the of concept the posits ideologies, of importance the recognizing in Althusser, have the inevitable and natural reaction of crying out […] ‘That’s obvious!’’That’s ‘That’s […] out crying of reaction natural and inevitable the have ” (Althusser, 1970, p. 21). Even though distorted forms of reality, ideologies reality, of forms distorted though Even 21). p. 1970, (Althusser, ” 3.1.1. ’” ”(Althusser, 1969.p.59). ’” ”(Althusser, is nothing insofar as it is a pure dream (manufactured by who knows who by (manufactured dream pure a is it as insofar nothing is the ideological recognition ideological the Ideological recognitionIdeological 38 ” (Althusser, 1969, p.59.) is central is p.59.) 1969, (Althusser, ”
CEU eTD Collection –as I have already mentioned it appears in this particular chapter as chapter well. particular this appears in it mentioned already I have –as Potter Harry of series entire the pervades which one and – destiny and will free of that – briefly raises Althusser it – Amen right: all be will everything accordingly, behave and are they what recognize „ subject, Absolute the is who guarantee, “ its around centred is Ideology All meaning. of guarantor ultimate the – S) capital a with Subject, the as simply to refers often Althusser 41 Subjection his accept (freely) he shall that in order e. i. Subject, the of commandments the to freely submit shall he that order in subject (free) a as “ interpellated Althusser, to According obligation. some to subject is who individual As subjects. already notes“ Althusser always almost are subjects Interpellation, this before even Yet 60.) subject a becomes he conversion, physical degree eighty and hundred “ – case the always into almost is Althusser, to individuals according which, – ideology the transforms or […] subjects individuals the among subjects ‘recruits’ “ importance: extreme of is subject the in Lovegood Luna Hallows to happens it (as members family kidnapping example the the Centre the of place unique the occupying ’. (Althusser, 1970.p63.). ’. (Althusser, absolute The fact that the ISA works by the interpellation of the subject, or the hailing of the of hailing the or subject, the of interpellation the by works ISA the that fact The 41 which (to Subject Absolute the by meaning a given and determined is Ideology an versus act to free individual an as subject a meaning: double a has Subject ”(Althusser, 1969. p. 60). If the hailed individual turns around to heed the call of call the heed to around turns individual hailed the If 60). p. 1969. ”(Althusser, ) to replace the ideological recognition component. recognitioncomponent. ideological the replace ) to There is a glimpse of something that others conceive of as the greatest problem of mankind, which mankind, of problem greatest the as of conceive others that something of glimpse a is There guarantee that everything really is so, and that on condition that the subjects the that condition on that and so, is really everything that guarantee 3.1.2. Subjects work by themselves work Subjects The Subject Absolute dooy ‘cs o ‘ucin’ i sc a a ta it that way a such in ‘functions’ or ‘acts’ ideology ” (Althusser, 1970, p.68). The Absolute Subject is Subject Absolute The p.68). 1970, (Althusser, ” ” (Althusser, 1969.p.61.). ” 39 ” (Althusser, 1969. p. 62.). 1969. p. (Althusser, ” .”(Althusser, 1969 p. 1969 .”(Althusser, by this mere one- mere this by the individual is individual the Deathly ‘ So be So
CEU eTD Collection the gardener of the Riddle house ignorant of his power describe him. describe power ofhis ignorant house ofthe Riddle gardener the Brice,Frank as such Muggles, when as away, such madness this give descriptions the of some Yet him. on opinion an give alone let name, his speak dare even not do people most as novel, the in by come to difficult are references textual although deny, to difficult be would madness to seems be higher. in males –yet its acceptance Lovegood ofLuna to is that behaviour this similar how notable also is It two. the between flipping constantly mad, and genius of borderline the on being as viewed often is He plans. out laid carefully and wisdom underlying his understands really one no as – incomprehension in rooted is madness his that framework a in interpreted always is this but mad, as him describing heard often are characters yet series, person. mad slightly oddly behaving, yet wise, be always nearly can very a as described is Dumbledore DSM-IV) Pottertopia, of Subject Absolute first The mad. considered (the discourse psychiatrico-medical the of standards It is curious how in the HPs the Absolute subject is always male and judging by the by judging and male always is subject Absolute the HPs the in how curious is It The Absolute Subject of the dark forces in the HPs is Voldemort himself, whose himself, Voldemort is HPs the in forces dark the of Subject Absolute The the in oddities many his of one only is feast a starting when speaks he gibberish The gripping his walking stick was slippery with sweat. The man with the cold voice cold the with man The sweat. with slippery was stick walking his gripping ( bit is mad,yes. a he not. laughor to whether Oddment! Tweak! Blubber! Nitwit! are: they here And words. few a say to like would I banquet, our begin there. all them see to than more him pleased have could nothing if as wide, opened arms his students, murders — this boy, Harry Potter, whoever he was — was in danger — Frank — danger in was — was he whoever Potter, Harry boy, this — murders more planning was he — And remorse madman. a of — dangerous kind was any He amusement. without with it about talking was He woman. a killed had “Mad?” said Percy airily. “He’s a genius! Best wizard in the world! But world! the in wizard Best genius! “He’s a airily. Percy said “Mad?” uncertainly. Percy he asked hemad?” —a“Is bit know didn’t Harry cheered. and clapped Everybody down. back sat He you!” “Thank we Before Hogwarts! at year new a to “Welcome said. he “Welcome,” the at beaming was He feet. his to gotten had Dumbledore Albus u n te crio, Fak sdel eae aae ta h hand the that aware became suddenly Frank corridor, the in Out Philosopher’s Stone, p.80 Stone, Philosopher’s ) 40
CEU eTD Collection Potter – which makes him stand out of the rest of society. Whether we read this mis- this read we Whether society. of chapter. later with in a shall be dealt recognitionmadness orarbitrary recognition rest the of out stand him makes which – Potter Lily still is Subject Absolute the where world long-gone in a he lives analysis alternative an in neither. – Subject time Absolute an of appellation same the escape not does the Snape scrutiny closer at on However, yet sides both of appellation the heeding seemingly together, ideology escape to seems instance this in Snape Severus promise. his of spite in Voldemort of hands the by dies who object love a of loss a trauma, emotional an because but Dumbledore, of call ideological the heed to around turn not does who Snape, Severus of that is apparent is this where case only The recognition. ideological the replaces which case love), this heterosexual (in love to: power greatest the attributes Dumbledore phenomenon the of result conflated. get to start bad and mad of notions the that novel the in Subjects Absolute the of one with is it Therefore it. of part core a forms it that impression the given are we least at or madness with equated already is danger that fact the out: stands Subject Absolute of status later his In the description of Voldemort given by Frank Brice another thing, unconnected to unconnected thing, another Brice Frank by given Voldemort of description the In The male gender-bias in escaping voluntarily the apparent true appellations is in fact a fact in is appellations true apparent the voluntarily escaping in gender-bias male The Fire, p.8 Fire, police. ( the to go to time the was if ever, Now, do. must he what knew 3.1.3. ) Can ideology be escaped in the HPs? be escapedinthe ideology Can 41 Goblet of Goblet
CEU eTD Collection of the houses the student getssortedinto. student houses the of the one parts, constituent its of one but itself, school the with not albeit complete, is equation the speech family. the – couple the in pair secondary its replaces frequently fact in ISA’s of Queen the that strong ofISA’s. Queen ISA, the important most the – church the of downfall the since – become has education Althusser to According literature. and religion family, by followed ones, important most the as school and education lhuh Ielgcl Sae Aprtss hv ltoa o om, Atusr lists Althusser forms, of plethora a have Apparatuses State Ideological Although The Family-School pair of ISA materializes fully in the HPs – it is openly stated that stated openly is it – HPs the in fully materializes ISA of pair Family-School The opening her in says McGonnagall Professor as HPs the in extremes the to istaken This so couple a series, Potter Harry the to central is ISA of couple School-Family The or hue drioy n pn re tm n yu os omn room. common house your in time free spend Stone, p.74.) (Philosopher’s and in sleep dormitory, house, your house of rest your family the your with like classes have something will be You will Hogwarts. within house your here, are you while because, ceremony important very a is Sorting The houses. your into sorted be will you Hall, Great the in seats your take you before but shortly, begin will banquet term the replaced has couple 1970,p.71) (Althusser, School-Family couple. Church-Family the add: even might One Church. Apparatus, fact the dominant State in Ideological dominant its has previously the which as functions its apparatus, i.e. in educational replaced number-one, the its is Apparatus, as State installed Ideological has bourgeoisie the what thestage, thefront of occupies which Apparatus, Ideological State its political of 3.1.4. “Welcome to Hogwarts,” said Professor McGonagall. “The start-of- “The McGonagall. Professor said Hogwarts,” to “Welcome scenes the behind that thinking for reasons good have I believe I Hence The Queen ofISA’s The Queen 42
CEU eTD Collection in HPs that makes it popular might be a crucial one if we want to apply Althusser’s theory, as theory, Althusser’s apply to want we if one crucial a be might popular it makes that HPs in special something is there or luck of stroke a only is this if question The literature. children’s in book successful most the undoubtedly is Potter Harry clear. that not are reasons the yet ‘ the with agreeing approval, in head their bow will many how world, real the in HPs the of ideology their of sign irrevocable Subject. Absolute ofthe acceptance and their position subject an as followers his of each of skin the on Mark Dark the burns the of concept Foucauldian the invoking subject, the of marking bodily the by accompanied often community. “ these regard as to bases prefers Althusser material touched. be can and atoms of composed is that object an – meaning everyday its to restricted not is sense Althusserian the in material However, forest. a by flanked and land huge a by surrounded castle gothic beautiful a basis, material impressive very a Hogwarts of case the in bases, material a have they that namely ISA’s, docile body docile Schools present a good example to another thesis that Althusser posits about the about posits Althusser that thesis another to example good a present Schools The question therefore arises: how many people are going to be appellated by the by appellated be to going are people many how arises: therefore question The are that rituals those are changes material about bring that practices the HPs the In by material rituals which are themselves defined by the material ideological material the by that of theideas subject. derive which from apparatus defined themselves are which rituals material by in material is belief that his of ideas the of existence the concerned, is individual) So be it be So his ideas are his material actions inserted into material practices governed practices material into inserted actions material his are ideas his 3.2. . For example, on joining the Death Eaters it is the Dark Lord Himself who Himself Lord Dark the is it Eaters Death the joining on example, For . I shall therefore say that, where only a single subject (such and such an such and (such subject single a only where that, say therefore shall I ’ statement of Althusser (1970. p 63.)? The answer so far is partly obvious, partly is far so answer The 63.)? p (1970. Althusser of statement ’ practices Only a black swan or long live the ideology? live or ablackOnly long swan r atos ta r medd i h iul f a larger a of rituals the in embedded are that actions or ” 43 (Althusser, 1970,p.78.) (Althusser,
CEU eTD Collection the series, a question that has often been raised, because of the unexpected rise of the of rise unexpected the of phenomenon. because raised, been often has that question a series, the in interested became adults why remains question the Yet public. in book the reading of fears adults’ extinguish to was publisher the of intention the as serious more is design its book, format hardcover white and black a is it yet text, same the contains edition adult The 2003). (Anatol, appear to edition adult an for long take not did it therefore children, their than less any not book the by enchanted be to seemed adults that discovered house publishing the soon bothand adults. children enthrals that world the wizarding in ofmadness the logic structured is which special, it makes that HPs the in something is there that claim would I hand, other the On (2009). Kinsella by advocated view a popular it made that luck only was it was, one particular this as successful as been have could literature of piece other any that means this HPs the of case the In swan. black a as – novelty creativity, invention, new talent, – else queen, 2008). the than richer Rowling (J.K. fact this denies herself Rowling though even income, of $ billion 4 estimated an with n.d.), success, commercial - Potter Harry 2007, Billionaires, Worlds (The herself queen the than richer even Rowling J.K. made has success economic Its literature. children’s contemporary in book popular most the become has HPs the that remains fact the 2000) Holden, 2003; Byatt, 2003, Bloom, (e.g. value literary low its on voices critiques many ideology. an as force driving its determines last will Potter-effect” “Harry the long how of question the The economic success was greater than that of any other children’s books, and despite and books, children’s other any of that than greater was success economic The Although initially it was intended for an audience of about 10-12 years old children, old years 10-12 about of audience an for intended was it initially Although anything than chance of product a more are that successes to refer often Economists 44
CEU eTD Collection madness. of pedagogy the of aspects the from it examining thesis, the of argument the of heart the at is point final This allusions. pedagogical various includes and message moral strong very a has story the that is cites she reason fourth the Finally, it. reading in fulfilled is need unconscious an novel, the of world fictional the via desires secret their of realization the readers young for allows HPs the because Thirdly them. to familiar already book the makes that ideas faint evokes it or of aware either are adults that World, Western the of history the to references implicit with replete is text the Secondly, (p.4). imaginary the and unconscious the addressing tales fairy appealing of series a are they that them among reasons, different 4 lists she where success. mass a for account indeed would together taken them of all – audience certain a to appealing be all would that of genres stack a incorporates it 2003). As (Anatol, Bildungsroman classical the least not but last and tale quest fantasy a and story adventure an novel, detective a narrative, appear genres school various boarding a time same where the at tale, fairy palimpsest, of touch a a with novel, the as is such interwoven it as text the in genres various together melts HPs the that be can reason Another world. the saving thereby death, of face the in even responsibilitiesserious on take them, like just youngsters, three way the by enchanted are they round: way other the actually is attraction the children for hand other the On responsibilities. without childhood lost a of feeling the them gives and past, nostalgic a to back them takes and aPast thatwas and never Anatol (2003) considers that the reason why adult readers like the essay is because it because is essay the like readers adult why reason the that considers (2003) Anatol Smadja (2001) has a different opinion on the reasons of the popularity of the books, the of popularity the of reasons the on opinion different a has (2001) Smadja 3.3. Other reason’s of popularity – a Utopia of structured Unreason –aUtopia ofstructured Other ofpopularity reason’s 45
CEU eTD Collection fact she remained rather controversial onthe subject: controversial rather remained she fact in although so, did never she nevertheless protagonist, the of gender the change to mind her crossed it novel first the through halfway that admitted who herself, Rowling by protagonist female a about made was argument same The one. neutral gender a even or male a as success much as achieve not would writer female a that thought they as book, the of publication the for pseudonym gender-neutral a choose to kingdom) United the in (Bloomsbury publisher her gendered. is madness this how arises, therefore question the - them inside contained madness the is books Potter Harry the of attractions possible the of one As content. ideological its with together soon, disappear would it that unlikely it making – popular so became it that chance mere by not is it the evokes incessantly othering ormad. of deranged connotation process this and World”, “Other the of sceptical are they and hatred, outright with not if suspicion with other each eye – Muggles the and world past. the Britannic in lost age Golden a for nostalgia a and fantasy and desires secret between relationship the tales, fairy mention (2001) Smadja and (2003) Anatol Both carnivalesque. neverending a as down, upside turned constantly world a Unreason, of world structured a as madness of importance instead? In fact there is a continuous appellation to madness, as both sides – the wizarding the – sides both as madness, to appellation continuous a is there fact In the to rise gives HPs the more one add might one varied, quite are lists these Although From a gender point of view it is important that J.K. Rowling was explicitly asked by asked explicitly was Rowling J.K. that important is it view of point gender a From that seems it books, the of popularity the for accept we explanation whichever sum, In 3.4. Gender and Harry Potter – what if (s)he had been Harriet Potter beenHarriet had if –what (s)he Potter Gender Harry and 46
CEU eTD Collection
Therefore the ideology of gender is firmly built into the novel – which is even explicitly even author. bythe admitted is which – novel the into built well. firmly as is gender stereotypes of strong ideology the on Therefore builds novels the in included she madness of pattern the that underlines difference substantial made have would characters the of gender the changing that admits Rowling that fact The possible. be would madness and gender on one the that unlikely is J.K. it broken, be not can of sport in aptitude as such words stereotypes gender such If Rowling. the by revealed as madness of view of point the from difference serious a Potter Harriet Ms. tentative A Figure The difference between having a Harriet/Ronalda and Harry/Ronald would have made have would Harry/Ronald and Harriet/Ronalda a having between difference The 1 .
reason, the author says, that the star quidditch player of Hogwarts of player quidditch star the that says, author the reason, this for It's hero." my about hard very think and stop to have didn't books would change, Ron for a start, he'd have to be Ronalda.” be to have ( he'd the start, a in for things Ron of change, lots would books sure I'm but Potter', 'Harriet neverabout I've thought so start, the from boy a as Harry imagined I different. been have different? would adventures doyouhis was think Potter agirl, IfHarry London: ” onme." based she's then but character, without strong very a she's it feel I Well, do Hermione. couldn't had they I And course, Hermione. of love and, I boy and a Hermione as me to dear very was He late. was too really it boy?' a it is 'Why wonder, to stopped I time the "by that, adds she when laughs She Harry." of instead Harriet a "isn't J.K. Rowling's World Book Day Chat, 2001 Day Chat, Rowling'sJ.K. Book World JK Rowling replies -> Yes, I do think they would be would they think do I Yes, -> replies Rowling JK Girls Schoolfor – High Blackheath “Denise from "I Rowling. says formed," fully "almost born was “Harry
Richards,n.d.) 47 )
CEU eTD Collection following gay protests between 1970 and 1973 and the research done by Kinsey. In fact the category was category the fact In identity disorder. of sexual figures thename still under behaviour and transvestite cross-gender actually Kinsey. by done research the DSM-IV-TRand In disturbance. orientation sexual name: different a under others many like – finally back 1973 smuggled and 1970 between protests gay following 1974, until manual the from disappear not did homosexuality fact in – cases all in malleable and fluid essentially v=fY4DPeBbUbQ&feature=PlayList&p=44FD1727799D0363&index=6 based diagnosis a establish to psychologist a for error radical grave a such seem would undergo it that – changes characters other with along – protagonists the and complicated, so is plot the straightforward: is books all include to reason The books. 7 all use I as novels, about illnesses. communicate a to a decisions introducing subjective and keep minimum clear-cut, more illnesses make to order in and language more to establish. book,the difficult is diagnosis be foundin thana can much evidence with life real in even cases many in as project this in line thin a on balancing am I that advance in made be to has disclaimer a yet analysis, the out carry to psychiatry and psychology of discipline the in both essential is abnormal and normal considered be can what Establishing madness. of description structured a and explanation an give to tried long have psychiatry and psychology uncured illnesses serious leaving of Charybdis and stigmatization The DSM-IV-TRThe 4. 43 42 rather or novel, the in discerned be can it as madness of analysis the with begin I psychiatric the universalize to attempt an in 1962 in drafted first was DSM-I The unnecessary of Scylla between waters dangerous the on through sail to effort an In ore oTb: YouTube: Source: are versions The version. Revised Edition, Fourth Manual, Statistic and Diagnostic for Abbreviation The Static comparison – Madness and DSM and –Madness comparison The Static 43 iga franca lingua ewe scitit n odr t e al to able be to order in psychiatrists between (from the official Harry Potter Trailer forHarry Trailer Potter officialHarry (from the 48 “Well, I’m like you Tom.different.” like Iam I’m “Well,
Potter and the Half-Blood Prince the Half-Blood Potter and , Retrieved 2009-04-12. 2009-04-12. , Retrieved
http://www.youtube.com/watch? (Dumbledore) 42 )
CEU eTD Collection Deathly Halows. Deathly publication authors. names of the citing byonly the APA rules from myself distance to forced am I times many therefore unpublished; go often descriptions caseThese field. the clinical working in colleagues of descriptions case are them of mostbut tests, psychological protagonist the of eyes green alone the through world the see we as rate any at accomplish to difficult be would that endeavour an – in surface the than character deeper digging never the alone, question of experiences personal and story the of unfolding gradual the on based is explanation this yet about, come has illness mental certain a why and how on explanation ofmentalillnesses. and severity in frequency differences of gender to discrepancies attention special paying DSM-IV-TR, as known illnesses onmental discourse current the and description Rowling’s J.K. between dissimilarity or similarity the showing chapter this of note closing the form issues gender These discourse. modern in figures longer no that hysteria female of notion ancient the reviving her concerns point last my while cases, certain in illness mental a as psychopathy accept to refusal flat the is one second The illness. mental a as depression female of recognition the being one first the issues: gender them of both dangerous, Rowling J.K. of standpoint the consider I where instances two only are There to need the feel I DSM-IV-TR the other. shouldbe superiorto discourses ofthese Idonoteither consider that emphasize of classification the and Rowling J.K. by (HPs) series existing of cases psychological patients real on drawing sometimes psychology– clinical from DSM-IV seamless and categories and Rowling scientific by given categories the fully contrast to try shall I seemingly so doing In categories. and neat the into them fit to try and down categories general and broad rather these break I madness of instance possible a as HPs the in found I that category each presenting After parts. chosen arbitrarily few, a on solely 45 , therefore the feelings, thoughts and emotions of the rest of the characters remains characters the of rest the of emotions and thoughts feelings, the therefore , As I shall compare instances of madness as it can be discerned in the Harry Potter Harry the in discerned be can it as madness of instances compare shall I As 45 44 an provides always almost Rowling J.K. that outset, the at establish to important is It 44 These patients are not my own patients – with some of them I did make an interview or took or interview an make did I them of some with – patients own my not are patients These Except for a few chapters, such as the second chapter in Half Blood prince and the first chapter of chapter first the and prince Blood Half in chapter second the as such chapters, few a for Except to underpin the validity of the hypothetical “diagnosis”. ofthe hypothetical the tovalidity underpin 49
CEU eTD Collection from the point of view of DSM-IV-TR, yet I feel it adequate as it has become a dominant discourse in literary in discourse dominant not. did explanations whereas other analysis, a become has it as adequate it feel I yet DSM-IV-TR, of view of point the from “ normality. of question the novel.in charactersof the behaviour of the description the as same the essence its in which is – past the in typical were or question in person the of characteristic are that behaviours of set observable of list a gives only DSM-IV-TR Consequently, discourse. dominant a become has them of none psychology in words other in – explanation adequate most the as itself establish to far so proof sufficient provided has theories biological or psychological the of none that considered they (1959), Popper Karl philosopher the by mainly psychoanalysis, on attacks fierce the After diagnoses. the of validity the reinforce to mathematics of tools natural to resorted they science, truly a as psychiatry and psychology establishing of intent the in – manual the of name the in choice accidental an not is Statistical word the that noteworthy is It explanations. deeper any in bring to refuses explicitly likewise DSM-IV-TR the and causes, as events past to referring mostly story-telling, on based illnesses mental of explanations of level surface a at move to tends Rowling attitudes. DSM-IV-TR the and Rowling’s between similarity strong a discern can one consequence a As illnesses. of diagnosis the for traits behavioral mostly provides manual the therefore – objectivity to themselves restrict to efforts possible all made diagnosis. the ofestablishing the core at is – feelings patients’ the emphasizing even but including, only not – history life or anamnesis detailed a where psychiatry, in case the never is This gaze. medical possible the from hidden However, in their intent to prove scientific categories, the creators of DSM-IV-TR of creators the categories, scientific prove to intent their in However, 46 the up conjures HPs the in sentence first very the how notice to not difficult is It My choice of character analysis based on psychoanalysis in the next chapter is a purely arbitrary one arbitrary purely a is chapter next the in psychoanalysis on based analysis character of choice My 46 4.1.
Mr. and Mrs. Dursley, of number four, Privet Drive, were proud to proud were Drive, Privet four, number of Dursley, Mrs. and Mr. The basic axes of madness according to the DSM-IV-TR to according ofmadness The basicaxes 50
CEU eTD Collection warning that if the given behaviour is accepted in a culture, then then culture, a in accepted is behaviour given the if that warning the in consists manual the of caveats first the of One another. to society one from and time in change are normality of categories important the what although madness, of label the one earn can time given a at society given a in normal be to considered is whatever from different Being trait. chosen some on based elaborated, 2006) (1988, Foucault that exclusion of game series. thePotter Harry –in illnesses mental in core the form shall they as called discourse medical in – madness from normality differentiating of instances determining detail more in these on elaborate me Let health. mental from illness mental delineate to condition satisfactory and necessary a constitute can alone these of none see, shall we As danger. finally and dysfunction distress, deviance, are criteria four These line. clear-cut a never is there but 2006), (Comer, behaviour abnormal or deviant glance. at obvious not is first so to is be judged criteria madness novels.Yetbywhat the in questions main the of one as foregrounded is normality outset the from series the in theme the core a turn as this emphasized never Rowling to Although madness. and normality tries around discourse already sentence opening the beginning the in Protection right Child Therefore by services. unnoticed go would behaviour such whether doubtful is It to himself? rooms two has normal? son own considered their and be room guest a dust have they and where house, spiders a in of Especially replete stairs the under cupboard a in boy 10-year-old a keeping Would unclear. remains means actually normality this what However much. very you thank normal, perfectly were they that say Deviance means essentially a similar notion to that of outcastness from society, the society, from outcastness of that to notion similar a essentially means Deviance from behaviour normal delineate to criteria four are there psychology in Generally 4.1.1. Deviance 51 ” ( Philosopher’s Stone, p. 1 p. Stone, Philosopher’s per definitionem per it can not can it ) .
CEU eTD Collection Petunia Dursley certainly does not stand ground. Having mentioned the wizarding school, wizarding the mentioned Having ground. stand not does certainly Dursley Petunia of argument the this – expected fact in in – As normal perfectly is own. magic do to our able being community from different culture a students), wizard for only reserved school separate a importantly most and ministry, structures, social own its has it that (considering was he that with shame: mixed ofanger onhim a torrent down like pours the answer a wizard, indeed before knew she if her asks Harry As wizard. is a it is when Potter sister Harry that her revealed about talks she way the from book first very the becomes in it already as evident does certainly Dursley Petunia least at – abnormal world wizarding entire the consider Dursleys the fact of matter a As 2006). (Mulholland, earwax or vomit of tasting eat should they that idea the from refrain would people most – example another be could beans flavoured Every Brocher Berty Eating magic. doing disregard we if even do, not would people most that things, do and society of portion small very a form to likely are they – witches and wizards of number exact their know don’t we however – deviant considered be can wizard a being HPs, the to closer argument our take To culture. different a in norm the from deviance particular a considered be would that example) for possession spirit as (such categories additional provide never they create they that case the for except same, the remain categories the Therefore treatments. psychiatric to access have to individuals status lower allow not does that system insurance health the to due people middle-class on based mostly States, United the in gathered data finds one core their at translations, mere are they – culture specific the to adapted never are manuals the However, abnormal. be to considered However, one can easily consider the wizarding world as an entirely different culture different entirely an as world wizarding the consider easily can one However, spawn, turning teacups into rats. I was the only one who saw her for what she what for p. 34) (Philosopher’sStone, —a freak! was her saw who one only the was I rats. into teacups turning spawn, — that to that off disappeared and that like just letter a got she Oh, was? she what colschool Of course we knew! How could you not be, my dratted sister being sister dratted my be, not you could How knew! we course Of — and came home every vacation with her pockets full of frog of full pockets her with vacation every home came and — such things, as they seriously seriously they as things, such exceptions 52 from the rule in some cases – however – cases some in rule the from run the risk of pick upon a bean a upon pick of risk the run
CEU eTD Collection Dmldr) h ifrne bten te paety i ret n aggressiveness, and cruelty cooperation. and novel timidity inis the to establish Rowling tries that the that norm showing is apparently them between difference The (Dumbledore). popularity extreme enjoys one other the while (Voldemort) villain ultimate the considered is them of one yet traits, behavioral same the present essentially who characters, two of case the in evident becomes punishment of role the HPs the In acceptance. more with at looked be to likely is behaviour aggressive valued, highly is competition and self-fulfillment where society a in versa vice and norm a as timidity and cooperation sets behaviour aggressive Punishing unnoticed. even or accepted goes what and punished is what from inferred be only often can is culture a or society a of norm particular the What norm. the creates or constitutes that itself positive connotation. but evena has to be abnormal, only considered it not is case suicide of type a particular this in deviant, son, considered is itself suicide her While suicide. altruistic calls protect Durkheim to was it reason: well-accepted and noble generally a for so did she However deviance. obvious of act an – suicide committed essentially who novel, the of hero the of mother The Potter. Lily of status mental the of question the up bring they though even abnormal, them considering the crowd. from standapart definitely of idea the from shrink would one Yet acting. or arts or music in talented extremely or intelligent highly they be people, of majority labelled be could people talented well, as society our In skills. wizarding in talent is which alone, basis one on based is Hogwarts to admission – deviance and normality to connected raised is issue another Hogwarts, called Deviance from the norm also raises other problems – later on in the chapter I shall I chapter the in on later – problems other raises also norm the from Deviance However, all the above can be read the other way round – namely that it is deviance is it that namely – round way other the read be can above the all However, 4.1.2. Distress per definitionem per 53 deviant – they stand apart from the from apart stand they – deviant
CEU eTD Collection to changes in her hair colour that indicate her mood. indicate her that hair colour her in changes to change, attributing this behaviour, her notice misinterprets he even characters yet Potter, Harry All protagonist, the episode. including depressive major a from suffering be well may she symptoms her of severity the of description the from judging disorder, mood of kind monotonous. and her speech slow her movements her face, from withered smile the grey, hair her with up turns she day one yet faces, funny make to abilities own her with plays and jokes make to prone is She gums. bubble of one reminds that colour, a is who metamorphomage witch, talented extremely and young a Tonks, Nymphadora be would example evident most the HPs the In 2003). (Kuehner, men than – depression of form severe most the disorder, depressive major of category the to true certainly – category this into fall women many as twice speaking, Generally illnesses”. mental of cold “common the called be to come medical reasons. without evident mind patient’s in the vaguely floating is ill ofbeing feeling exceptions few a of (with that illnesses, fact feeling the corporeal for except to as close very such is concept symptoms The provides unworthiness. and distress misery unhappiness, Generally wedding). a as such life, as to referred is which stress, positive to opposed (as stress negative means Distress suffering. own their In real life clinical psychology the most frequent reason for patients for turning up is up turning for patients for reason frequent most the psychology clinical life real In 48 47 some of signs evident are year last since change her movements, her colour, hair Her has it that common so is which depression, is case cited often most and classic The Meaning a witch who can change her appearance at will – in her particular case this is often restricted often is this case particular her in – will at appearance her change can who witch a Meaning of that. a uses goodexample it, be would the sense Freud in that Hysteria laughed easily, she had made jokes. Now she seemed older and much more much and older seemed she Prince, p103.) Now .(Half-Blood and purposeful. serious jokes. made had had she she times), easily, at annoying laughed little a being of point the (to inquisitive been had she year Last cloak. his under Tonks at sideways looked Harry tracks. carriage p102.) Prince, theBurrow. her(Half-Blood met at he had when been had she as miserable-looking and mousy-haired as was she darkness, the in eustress They trudged up the dark, deserted lane, following the freshly made freshly the following lane, deserted dark, the up trudged They Harry couldsee From smiling. what problem,” without Tonks, said “No 48 by birth. When the reader first meets the character her hair is of a pinkish a of is hair her character the meets first reader the When birth. by – experienced for example before important events in the individual’s the in events important before example for experienced – 47 54 ) there are no bodily symptoms – the mere the – symptoms bodily no are there )
CEU eTD Collection help either from mediwitches either help seek should she that suggested never is it Yet her. comforting and dinner for over her inviting condition, her about concerned be to seems who person only the is who Weasley, Mrs series, either. consideredan improvement as not be her can mocking Mrs form Black. like hysterical screaming shouting, her in not is she if even madwoman the of fear incite still would that possible. as soon faras away as to and hopes get her altogether to speaking from refrains her, help to intending from far Potter, Harry Yet for. responsible feels she which Black, Sirius cousin, her of death the of because grief her to change sudden the It seems that instead of helping her, Harry is afraid of her, as if madness was a stigma a was madness if as her, of afraid is Harry her, helping of instead that seems It 50 49 the in mother-character typical the is to talk to seems she who person only the fact In starts even Snape Severus series, the of character controversial most the that fact The A hospital reserved for wizards and witches only. and reservedwizards for A hospital bymagicalmeans illnesses in treating Witches specialized ( more. once darkness in covered was she Then face. Tonks’s on anger and shock looks new “The weak.” one unmistakable. voice his into back place. clinking, theyslithered, that so wand his again, with Prince, p103.) behind.(Half-Blood Tonks gloomy this new, leave to keen quite was he and hungry was he cold, was He boar. winged a with topped each gates, Half Blood Prince, p.104 BloodHalf Prince, 4.1.3. As Snape swung the lantern about, Harry saw, fleetingly, a look of look a fleetingly, saw, Harry about, lantern the swung Snape As in malice the Snape, said one,” old the with off better were you think “I chains the tapped and clang loud a with face her in gates the shut He Snape] Patronus.” [Severus new see to your was “I interested the of side either on pillars tall the saw finally he relief great With 49 or in StMungus Hospital orin ). Dysfunction 55 50 .
CEU eTD Collection Potter, who sacrificed her own life – which is not only deviant but also quite dysfunctional in dysfunctional quite also but deviant only not is which – life own her sacrificed who Potter, Lily admirable. even but normal, only not considered often is which well, as self-harm of other. in the be the same not in might one culture one ahead getting and accepted working, functional, be might what – differences cultural of importance the underlines also This functional. are they but though way odd an in society, in accepted less or city.of the outskirts the in house small a in aid social on up end finally and job his loose then university, of out drop to him led gradually has hallucinations his with along behaviour, odd This well. as himself finally and clothes his room, his including white, and black in him around thing single every painted has racism, of problem the solve to attempt an in who, D, Mr of that is 2001) Ross, and Frances (from case reported One illness. the from suffering person the of intention explicit the without occurs often lifestyle in deterioration severe finally and relations in family and relations social in disinterest of job, loss a consequence as lost, and is world real the with contact the where schizophrenia, of variations many in example for intentional, be to need not does alienation This society. of rules the to conform to able being not society, from dysfunction estranged being of fact the mentioned) to due deterioration, and self-harm of connotation a carries as always talented (including different being than more or less nothing expect might societies norms. different expect they just as lifestyles different different as again, emphasized be must culture of importance the here Obviously inadequate. the and harmful them considers that or tolerate, not can behaviours society particular certain in engaging by society, in tension a creates it that than rather it, experiencing person the in distress cause necessarily not does This expectations. with well h ifrne bten dvac n yfnto s ta hl eine means deviance while that is dysfunction and deviance between difference The in fit to environment, the to adequately conform to inability the to refers Dysfunction However, in itself this criterion is inadequate as well: dysfunction contains the notion the contains dysfunction well: as inadequate is criterion this itself in However, more are they yet HPs, the in Lovegood the of us remind might behaviour strange This 56
CEU eTD Collection premises. definitionem per therefore and self-harming certainly is herself starving However dysfunctional. not least at though solution, odd slightly and unsuccessful still yet constructive, more a is which – them for money raise and it promoting badges wear to everyone get to trying – Welfare Elfish of Promotion the the SPEW, the founds She idea. better a finds she until and time long a fork for eat her to refuses down puts she novel the in on point this From be. to Hogwarts imagined she as without jobs, menial rights. property adequate salary orwithout receiving doing school, the at servants are who house-elves, of enslavement the against protest of form a as same the do protagonist the of companion female sole the Granger, Hermione see we HPs by the of case order the In Gandhi. social as such or self-starving, intentional issues political for demonstrate who protesters famous are examples classic Other example. good a be could son her of life the for – term the of sense strict the Hermione is clearly shocked by the thought that slavery could exist in such a perfect place perfect a such in exist could slavery that thought the by shocked clearly is Hermione knife and fork down upon it and pushed it away from her.( from away and pushed down andit uponit fork knife pensions!” and leave sick want don’t “House-elves ruff. his with more once it securing and shoulders his to neck. it attached still that muscle and skin ghostly of so or inch the on dangling off, flopped head everything?” and and pensions, leave, sick and there?” don’tknow it’s it, you a isn’t that goodhouse-elf, of mark the That’s you? are them, see to supposed not you’re mean, on…I so and fires the to cleaning…see of bit a do to night at out come “They Nick. Headless a Over believe. I Britain, in dwelling hundred.” any in number largest “The reaction. atHogwarts?” “Here Nick. Headless dysfunctional, she can by no means considered mad based solely on these on solely based mad considered means no by can she dysfunctional, Hermione looked down at her hardly touched plate of food,her thenput touched plate hardly lookeddown ather Hermione his onto back head his pushing said, he pensions?” and leave “Sick his and slipped ruff his that much so chortled Nick Headless Nearly - And they? don’t holidays, get “They said. she paid?” get they “But athim. stared Hermione Nearly said they?” do day, by kitchen the leave ever hardly they “Well, Hermione. seen said one!” “I’ve never her at surprised looking Nick, Headless Nearly said “Certainly,” Nearly at horror-struck, staring, said, she here?” house-elves are “There 57 Goblet of Fire, p.118 Fire, of Goblet )
Society for Society
CEU eTD Collection convincing manner (getting Hepzibah Smith to show him two extremely precious objects, precious extremely two him show to Smith and Hepzibah power (getting manner seductive convincing his by but coercion, by not will their to against manages do to often others He convince example. perfect a is school) the of Headmaster later the Dumbledoreperhaps, of exception the (with teachers the among celebrity and house his in prefect youth, his in student excellent an and charming Seductive, Voldemort. as known commonly classical most yet of pronounced, rarely is incarnation name whose evil, perfect ultimate and villain a main the psychopathy, is there series, Potter Harry the In dangerous. deadly best The time. same the the be could archetype at danger and charm of blend curious a involves sociopathy or psychopathy called formerly disorder, personality Antisocial disorder. personality antisocial prevalence environment. surrounding and to the patient the to both cases most in harmless is hallucinations or chased being of convinced is patient the when delusion, persecutory as such delusions, severe involves as often which schizophrenia, such illnesses mental frightening seemingly Even completely. it from withdrawing by this to react and world surrounding the by threatened feel they contrary, the quite – dangerous all at not are disorders anxiety and depression – illnesses mental common most The them. surrounding society the to nor themselves to neither danger any pose not do ill mental the of Most rule. the than Yet exception the rather lepers. fact in the is ill mentally from the in behaviour inherited dangerous (2006) out points Foucault as fear on based exclusion of practice the them earns what is this so Even environment. their to or themselves to dangerous h ot fae e es omn caatrsis o h etly il i being is ill mentally the of characteristics common least yet feared most The 51 small very have moreover which disorders, of number small a in appears only Danger Prevalence is the percentage of the cases that occur in thegivenpopulation. in occur ofthat thecases is thepercentage Prevalence 51 , so there are quite very few of them – the most prominent example being example prominent most the – them of few very quite are there so , 4.1.4. femme fatale femme
such as Mata Hari, who is seductive and at the same time same the at and seductive is who Hari, Mata as such Danger 58
CEU eTD Collection to this category.to only the though even – belong to argue to difficult is agent) triple a Snape, Severus (called HPs the Hari in spy recognized Mata aforementioned the as – spies typical and tricksters evil of type a as depicted best are they time, same the at qualities these present psychopaths Potter. Harry ofthe hero, enemy the chief and killer serial unforgiving and cruel a times, all of wizard dangerous most the be to out turns – understanding so seems he because merely secret, protected most her him tells who house, Ravenclaw of ghost the Ravenclaw, Helena of case the in (as – Smith Hepzibah killing steals, ultimately he which of both – Locket Slytherin’s Salazar and cup Hufflepuff’s Helga The only discrepancy between reality and this fictional figure might be that most that be might figure fictional this and reality between discrepancy only The Half Blood Prince Blood Half ) or winning their confidence gets information gets confidence their winning or ) 59 Deathly Hallows Deathly ). Finally he Finally ).
CEU eTD Collection one can find the traces of many more illnesses – however the question remains whether these whether remains question the however – illnesses more many of traces the find can one scrutiny closer upon However, Eaters. Death called so the Voldemort, of followers the with case the is such psychopathy), with happens it (as law the of scope the under put or ignored ofher action. oddity not the recognizing clearly presents, as papers gum chewing him gives and son own her recognize to unable be to seems ( suffering extreme of result a as occurs reality with contact off loss complete whose Longbottom, the of ( him against turns charm Oblivion own whose teacher, seductive very a Lockheart, Guilderoy with case the in memory of loss complete the be would this of case One delusions. psychosis-type treats only Mungus St. called hospital only The to. turn to counsellor school no is there school Hogwarts diagnoses. of plethora a collect to patients certain for uncommon not is it and – patient the for best work medicines what on based often practice psychiatric in – one final a given being either before it diagnosis, one until than more receive blindly patients Most category. reversing right the hit to backwards, seems accidentally runs sometimes diagnosis the that being them of one categorization, this to drawbacks various are There aspects. different these balance to try psychologists and doctors usually DSM-IV-TR by provided categories the and above listed criteria the on Based behaviour. normal and abnormal between line division neat no solution, y neto n te peiu hpes ws t eosrt ht tee i o clear no is there that demonstrate to was chapters previous the in intention My In the HPs it seem that everything else bar these serious psychoses are either officially either are psychoses serious these bar else everything that seem it HPs the In at – lacking be to seem illnesses mental to remedy world wizarding imaginary the In Order of the Phoenix the of Order 4.2. Chamber of Secrets of Chamber Normality contrasted with madness contrasted Normality ) Alice Longbottom, the mother of Neville Longbottom, Neville of mother the Longbottom, Alice ) ). Another psychosis type illness is the unfortunate case unfortunate the is illness type psychosis Another ). 60
CEU eTD Collection correctly, but in other cases mistakenly. cases but in other correctly, times many – aspect gender a include often which and above, listed criteria the of some meet that illnesses subtle these discover to is goal tentative My world. wizarding the of culture the in behaviours accepted are they whether account into taking all, at illnesses considered be can 61
CEU eTD Collection v=fY4DPeBbUbQ&feature=PlayList&p=44FD1727799D0363&index=6 and actions out stand to many by seen was someone the if see to sense broad the in characters the of attitudes examining technique, another employed also I Therefore status. mental his to references alone let characters, the of vocabulary the from erased is name his even that extent an such to feared is who Voldemort, about true particularly statement a – so labelled analysis. from bethe excluded to had opinion real a than outburst emotional an of more seemed expressions verbal these when instances all Therefore novel. the in precautions necessary the without and excessively used often are integrity mental one’s to referring adjectives that sign alarming the shows already This characters. supporting the of some bar mad, is novel the in everyone virtually that finds soon very one technique this employing by Yet etc. nuts, crazy, mental, lunatic, others), to and himself to both Voldemort by used often curiously adjective (an fool a mad, is someone if verbally expressed characters One other HPs. that instances the the to examining is inherent employed is technique that madness down pin could that method steadfast single with be anyequated way in can series the in this whether and mad considered be potentially could who those, examining During my analysis my aim was to find the main axes that characterize the HPs by HPs the characterize that axes main the find to was aim my analysis my During 5. 52 verbally always not are ill, mentally considered evidently are who those However, no is there that given difficult rather is subjects potential these finding of task The ore Source: distortions The Potter in the attic - categories of madness andThe of Potter madness its categories in- attic the the dark forces dark the used to describe Voldemort andallies. his Voldemort to used describe “Every day, every hour, this very minute in fact, veryminute hour, this day, every “Every (from the official Harry Potter Trailer forHarry Trailer Potter officialHarry (from the dark forces attempt to penetrate these walls these to penetrate attempt forces dark 62 Potter and the Half-Blood Prince the Half-Blood Potter and , Retrieved 2009-04-12. 2009-04-12. , Retrieved http://www.youtube.com/watch? (Dumbledore)
” 52 )
CEU eTD Collection muggle families a wizard or a witch is born, which is accepted in the first six novels of the series while series of power the to of coming novels the with six rejected first completely the is in it Voldemort. attitude accepted this is yet which Subject, born, Absolute the is is witch Dumbledore a or wizard a families muggle thana fact. a conjecture of “ of idea Foucauldian muggle-born of exclusion of the – type Othering conscious a as considered be can it above, described criteria the or categories DSM-IV-TR the either fit would that discerned be can illnesses mental few very and story, the of course in period brief relatively a only is this as Yet abnormal. and normal be to means it what of definition new brand a with world the of construction different entirely an brings and power seizes wizard evil ultimate the Voldemort, once much Voldemortopia, in very normality on discourse be to seem they yet rare, world wizarding very the in overrepresented fact in are cases these before mentioned As madness. of signs as considered all are which aggressive, and cruel evil, being is mad to likely co-occur. very are they fact in exclusive, not are illnesses mental as headings, various under appear might DSM. in encountered the ones the as axes similar reflect would that categories meaningful into cases the group to attempt an made I finally and illness mental subjective.undoubtedly is however madness considered be can this whether judgement the – peculiar be to line, the of As a result the following description is already clustered and particular individuals particular and clustered already is description following the result a As DSM corresponding a find to tried I analyzed, be to subjects the identifying After 54 53 declared being criterionforofficially main to seems be the this world, In the wizarding Although it is important to point out that as we do not know the exact number of wizards, this is more is this wizards, of number exact the know not do we as that out point to important is it Although Muggles is a general term for people who lack magical power altogether. Sometimes however in however Sometimes altogether. power magical lack who people for term general a is Muggles 5.1. the game of exclusion of game the Dangerous Evil - cruelty, injustice, and aggression and injustice, EvilDangerous -cruelty, 53 . However, an enormous change is brought about in about brought is change enormous an However, . ” (Foucault, 2006, p.12). The use of DSM seems DSM of use The p.12). 2006, (Foucault, ” 63 54 wizards, much better described by the by described better much wizards,
CEU eTD Collection term is Antisocial Personality Disorder, however formerly it has been called psychopathy and sociopathy as sociopathy and psychopathy called been has illness. thesame are these three that consider most professionals yet differ, Opinions well. it formerly however Disorder, Personality Antisocial is term Figure Father a as acted and hero series the through all guided the has he whom Potter, Harry student, himself, beloved most supposedly his to even – all at if - empathy little show to seems who figure, trickster machiavellist calculating a is he – be to seems he what quite not is Dumbledore that out find we that series the of end the at only is It Dumbledore. Albus school, wizarding Hogwarts of headmaster adored much and wise the than other none is person This himself. Voldemort by defeated finally consumed, slowly is enemy defeated later and ally former his where prison, the of entrance the above carved is phrase this Interestingly from. away steer to unable be to seems he that phrase a remains good” greater the “for life his of motto main the nevertheless Othering, of prevention the through salvation achieves he words other In subject. the on mind his changing before time, long a for well as advocated himself he that idea an school, wizarding into children Muggle-born of entrance the and Muggles against is who duel, a in mage dark another defeats he because solely reputation good and fame achieves Rowling of world imaginative the in and category this to belonging as ignored psychopathy of example perfect a is he serial most understood. easily can be they that elicit the fear to this category belong killers that account into taking – illnesses mental all of dangerous most the remains this However, others. manipulate to ability the and wit enormous with flavoured time, same analysis. in the not figure part shall this illness –therefore to mental tothan crime related closely more is “abnormality” period this in as cases, these in superfluous and inappropriate The disorder already mentioned forms an interesting chimera of charm and evil at the at evil and charm of chimera interesting an forms mentioned already disorder The . 55 indeed and mind, one’s to springs immediately that one the is Voldemort of name The The nomenclature of the illness has changed through the various editions of DSM, today’s official today’s DSM, of editions various the through changed has illness the of nomenclature The 5.1.1. reformulated Antisocial personality disorder - The Dangerous Evil -The Dangerous personality disorder Antisocial 55 . However, there is one person, who is generally is who person, one is there However, . 64
CEU eTD Collection h epr o ar otr h nprd pyhlgss t on te nm f a new be not killed. can the person a of name the coin to psychologists the inspired phenomenon, who Potter, Harry of helper the is Dobby series, the in elves house the of One spells. powerful such of possession the in while slaves be to came they how nor – novel the in explained never is manner a such in behave to elves house forces that mechanism exact the although – punishment imposed explicitly an not is it and teenagers, in common most is practice this However die. to intention explicit the without injuries, deliberate causing self-cutting, is way common most the – house-elves the better. not is forthe it sometimes do, they if even and – slavery their overcome not can they yet charms) protection special (for dissapparatecannot example wizards even that things many do can and skills magical possess powerful they extremely as inasmuch creatures curious are elves House themselves. punish to elves, house- the creatures, the of some forces actually that enchantment magical a is there novel the In behaviour. self-punishing in resulting oneself, towards turned be also can it – outside included. Harry –himself, Potter created Horcruxes the all destroy him get to is costs all at alive him keeping and him about concerned been have to seems he reason only The possible. be finally shall revival his whether knowing without inevitable, is death Harry’s that fact the of aware perfectly been have to seems or – was he meanwhile the In Hogwarts. at spent years six his during him for 57 56 of that with resemblance uncanny an has world real the in behaviour Autoaggressive projected terms Freud’s using or – outwards directed be only not can Aggression Displace oneself from one place to another by the use of magic bytheuse another from to one oneself place Displace Horcruxes, are there as long as that so creator, their of soul of the part a conserve that objects Magical 5.1.2. ob-fetDobby-effect 57 in the area of Hogwarts School, which is supposed to be prevented by prevented be to supposed is which School, Hogwarts of area the in Nlse n elneg 09, wih rfr o the to refers which 2009), Zeelenberg, and (Nelissen Autoaggressive behaviour - Killing oneself slowly slowly oneself -Killing behaviour Autoaggressive 65 56 that Voldemort that
CEU eTD Collection Dark Side – Voldemort, the ultimate evil and his companion, not less cruel though lacking the lacking though cruel less not companion, his and evil ultimate the Voldemort, – Side Dark (what the on reasons fighting are they criminal that happen so not and it should suicide), anomic aggressive call would Durkheim on be more could death based characters’ although other suicide, two where a HPs, considered the in evil and good of fight the of definitely. killedbe can he that sodestroyed be to needs that soul, splintered of his piece magical one but last the holding Horcrux, last the is he that realizing upon Voldemort enemy, his destroy to is intension his – anyone protect to order in himself sacrifice to not is aim main his as mother protecting the or Figure Father the either re-enacting not is he Yet death. certain facing is he him, meeting upon that fact the of aware fully books, 7 the of most during kill to intended he whom Voldemort, to straight going by himself sacrifice to decides himself Harry when suicide. ofaltruistic the definition with well in its Potter James of and Lily of act the and – egoist and types anomic altruistic, namely suicide, three differentiates Durkheim hero However, a self-sacrifice. become this to of able because is precisely who son, their protect to themselves sacrifice they will– free their of die to choose Potter Harry of parents the Potter, Lily nor Potter James Neither death. to leads that action voluntary a be to has purpose main the suicide a an act consider to order in that DSM-IV-TR the of definition exact the to stick to are we if suicides as considered be can typebehaviour. ofself-punishment a as – before game a in cheated they if purposes charity to money give to people of willingness Although there are various instances of suicide in the novel it is questionable if they if questionable is it novel the in suicide of instances various are there Although There is another case that often goes unnoticed exactly because the warped perspective warped because the exactly often unnoticed that goes another is case There book, the of chapter closing and final the in reappear to seems event similar very A 5.1.3. Suicide – a voluntary end to life – always altruistic –always to end life Suicide –avoluntary 66
CEU eTD Collection In the HPs Luna Lovegood is intended to be a good-hearted yet in some sense insensitive sense some in yet good-hearted a be to intended is Lovegood Luna HPs the In dysfunction. social own their realize ever rarely they and confusing and unpredictable rather them consider they – general in people other understand to difficult it find it, from suffering illnesses. mental not necessarily some ofwhichare the novel in cases few are There delusions. serious and behaviour compulsive hallucinations, including reality, with completely. with reality touch lost who someone – psychotic considered is he are things as yet – character merciless and evil an as madness define to Rowling by chosen axis cruel-cooperative the along depicted been not he had effort, heroic a considered be even could act His unlikely. ultimately survival his making him, surrounding are school the of students and staff entire the achieve, to ardent so was he which Potter, Harry kill to managed have would he if Even before. twice failed having now, succeed should he that unlikely is it therefore spell, same the using before, minutes few a wand same the with him kill to unable was he that fact obvious the forgetting if as Harry, fight to decides he reason all of In spite situation. hopeless his on him divulges he information the all of spite in Harry oppose to continues who Voldemort, not especially – fighting up give not do they yet death, certain than else anything be to unlikely is outcome The them. kill or harm to impossible is it therefore death, of himself Potter Harry protected that charm same the by protected moreover are who enemies, their by surrounded crowd, a of middle the in alone stand finally characters two last these defeated, have to seem they others many however School, Hogwarts at battle final the In Lestrange. Bellatrix Voldemort, of cunning and wit segr snrm setal s te ls eee vrin o uim n people and autism, of version severe less the is essentially syndrome Asperger contact of loss complete the – psychoses be to seems category broad other Rowling’s 5.2. 5.2.1. Luna LovegoodLuna Psychoses - the loss of contact with reality ofcontact -the loss Psychoses Asperger Syndrome – The anthropologist on Mars– on anthropologist –The Asperger Syndrome 67
CEU eTD Collection Order of the PhoenixOrder the in Longbottom Alice see only we fate same the suffered parents both Although to them. happened what or son their are, they who remember longer no with The contact completely. their reality lost they that meaning – mad went Longbottom Neville of parents the such present to symptoms. seems student other no as reality subverts which 2005), (Comer, 1 to 10 by females outweigh males – illness gendered extremely an is Asperger – autism like just Moreover – syndrome categories. DSM-IV-TR the of any into well very fit really not does she that reason the be might which character, comical and estranged an of more is she yet – Luna name her hence – of madness archetype be an to her intended Rowling clearly However, syndrome. Asperger of label the contradicts which people, with herself engage to difficult it feel not does she Although belong. people clever and intelligent most the where house the house, Ravenclaw to belongs she though even friends, his and Harry meets she until students of category the to belongs at all.psychosis truly she whether decide to difficult it making – her believe who ones the are few world, the on ideas extravagant quite has sometimes she as but future), the about necessarily not (though truth the speaks she cases many in Cassandra-like that sense the a in person is She friends. best his of some on comment embarrassing an makes or pas, faux a commits she if realizes rarely she and pill the sugaring without relationship, their and people about thinks honestly she what says always she – sleeves her on heart her She wears psychoses. of label the her grants which thinking, unrealistic of touch a with person, Under the Cruciatus curse of Bellatrix Lestrange, a follower death Eater of Voldemort, of Eater death follower a Lestrange, Bellatrix of curse Cruciatus the Under other to speaks really never she that is telling very is that characteristic, main The 5.2.2. indicating that the tragic psychoses in the HPs is aone. HPs is femenine in the the psychoses that tragic indicating The tragical psychosis – Alice Longbottom –Alice psychosis The tragical 68
CEU eTD Collection oily cntutd ad cntutd sc ht i fet oe wc s otn a men as in Unlike series. often the in silenced and as up hushed be to seems twice it Nevertheless 2003). (Kuehner, women affects it that such rather constructed but and coded, constructed genetically not socially is it Clearly, 2005). al, et Kessler 2003, al, et (Kessler 8-12% is countries across average general The 2003). al, et Andrade 1991, (WHO, US the in 17% and (Japan) 3% between varies disorder depressive major case, severe most The figures. the of bases the forms depression of subtype which on depending vary, figures the though prevalence lifetime Its series. the throughout general behind it. oftragedy hint smallest the have not does and humour with laden is situation the Longbottom, Alice of case the in than serious less nor more neither is delusion the Although autograph. an get to like would who fan a as close comes who everyone considers and bed, hospital his in sits he as comical, as across comes It is. actually he who forgetting of point the to memory his erasing him, on up back rebounds curse Obliviate final his yet himself, glorifies he way This had done. they what or them to happened had what remember not do they that so them, n Obliviate curse an casts after and own his be to them declares and others of deeds heroistic the to stealing resorts that he eager so eager forfame, and self-centered heextremely is as well, as Guilderoy Lockheart coud as well be categorized under narcisstic personality disorder personality narcisstic under categorized be well as coud Lockheart Guilderoy 58 in ignored are diseases mental frequent most the among are that disorders, Mood in other words, how many people are affected at least once in theirlives in once atleast affected are how manypeople other in words, 5.3. 5.2.3. 5.3.1. Nymphadora Winky and Female malady – revived or survived? or –revived malady Female The comical psychosis – Guilderoy Lockheart psychosis –Guilderoy The comical Mood disorders - The ignored, yet serious – yet -The ignored, Mood disorders 69 58 is around 35% (Gottlib & Hammen) & (Gottlib 35% around is
CEU eTD Collection – even though it is a half-life only as she is dead and it is her painting that acts for her – she is she – her for acts that painting her is it and dead is she as only half-life a is it though even – life to back brought only not was women hysterical The hidden. being of instead it, guarding if as house the of door the of front the at right but attic, stereotypical the in not is the painting the However attic, house. her the in coming in people at madwoman insults shouting the madwoman, hysterical a of of representation shadow the be to seems she word, the uses Freud sense the in hysteria of symptoms the have not does She curtain. and a by silenced shadowed is that painting old an into faded has representation its although literature, missing the of gap aching the in ofsuccess. amount little with see quite we –as the novel in psychotherapist fill to tries who elf, house liberated another Dobby, is her about care to seems who person, only The her. around untidiness and laziness work, of lack her forthe despise they even her, moreover to help to be happy elves seem house other the of none and alcohol, in solution seeks She attached. much very still is she whom to master to seems present. Tonks thatsymptoms Nymphadora whose disorder depressive major in particularly disorders, mood in high astonishingly is suicide of rate the as worrying rather seems This all. at aid professional seek not and rituals female of sort some in themselves self-heal should they that is opinion general the illness, mental a considered essential being an Not illness. mental is a than any problem condition passing a this gets rather is that and women, never of suggesting characteristic down, were series slows the speech if and as help, movements professionally her colour, grayish a to pink lively from turns hair whose Tonks, Nymphadora fading aforementioned The disorders. mood with those for room no is there hospital, Mungo’s St in treated psychosis severe of cases the Surprisingly the image of the hysterical woman seems to be impossible to erase from erase to impossible be to seems woman hysterical the of image the Surprisingly male his from separated “freed”, being upon fate similar a suffers elf house the Winky 5.3.2. hysterical woman –MrsBlack woman hysterical Borderline/Histrionic Disorder -The return ofthe Disorder Borderline/Histrionic 70
CEU eTD Collection functioning perfectly well in the society she lives in). It would be very difficult to force her force to difficult very be would It in). lives she society the in well perfectly functioning is she that sense the (in mad than eccentric more is she as all, at diagnosis a get not either would DSM-IV-TR the to according who lunatic, benevolent a indicates name very whose societies. patriarchal traditional of system military the reflects which men’s than tragedy, a of more as taken is self-sacrifice women’s often though gendered, be to seems Neither house-elves. or altruistic always is the of behaviour of autoaggressive case the in anomic is it while of suicide case the in egoistic self-destruction yet choose, to or act to potential of lack certain a involve Both heroism. of touch a with always but salvation, of sake the for occasions other on and foolish times at – act heroic a as presented always is suicide second, the Winky, of case the is as – them between formed is bond emotional strong very a times at although - obey, they masters the than slaves powerful more virtually are who creatures on magic unknown an by forcefully imposed is first the while – suicide and behaviour autoaggressive between opposition interesting an is There shows. Voldemort and Dumbledore between contrast the of example the as difference of acceptance or Othering is which axis, another on arbitrarily them judges she discourse, psychiatry current with well very in fit times at characters her Though law. by with dealt mostly is it as discourse psychiatric current in rare very is fact in which – place first the in danger putting factor, defining main a as compassion versus cruelty of opinion. her hide to refusing and voice her giving of because society, for problem menacing a and culprit the as presented always emphasized, and foregrounded is she gates, the of guardian the also It seems that in the representation of mental illnesses Rowling seems to create the axis the create to seems Rowling illnesses mental of representation the in that seems It However, Rowling seems to fail to create a truly mad character of Luna Lovegood, Luna of character mad truly a create to fail to seems Rowling However, 5.4. The shift in the axes ofmadness axes The inthe shift 71
CEU eTD Collection harpies, whose fury and anger is only hidden by a thin veil that can burst open at any minute. can open burst that veil bya thin anger only is hidden whose and fury harpies, dangerous and irrational as women depicting again, once hysteria of ghost the up conjuring worries, to rise gives also seems it as unveil may herself she that curtain a behind but attic the in longer no though hidden symbolically woman, hysterical the of return The suicide. with comorbidity of rates highest the has illness very this as frightening is treatment of need no through fall in or natural as depression and major of depiction the slip illness, mental of pool the could into accidentally happiest the bar everyone that the wide often so very is and criteria rise diagnostic the on be to shown rather are is disorders subversion mood although This as hospitals. frightening, in places or mediwithces of attention the merit not does but certainly talk, witchcraft circle all-women easily in can be that solved them to natural women, of malaise a as depicted is it all, at remedy for need no have to seems depression illnesses, mental of cold common The book. the of part silenced the in not-said, the in arises boys in girls. in than prevalent much more generally is it as sex, opposite the of characteristic moreover is which possible, category only the into Nevertheless the most interesting detail and difference between the two discourses two the between difference and detail interesting most the Nevertheless 72
CEU eTD Collection described as being closer to German Romanticism (Boynton, 2004). Romanticism closer to German being as described often is he therefore nature, human of side spiritual the and mythical the in interested more the psyche healthy a have is he – sex to about talks ever hardly Jung fact, In balanced. be must masculine the and feminine order in – place first the in balance psychic advocates he as complementary, rather but categories, subordinate not are masculinity and femininity terms Jungian In masculinity. and femininity on opinion different vastly had they psychoanalysts other. each complement they even contradictory, being of but instead since time necessary same the only at them of not both with deal it to compelling feel I apart, them drew unconscious the of function the on disagreement a until friends close very were they and overlapped largely ideas their that women. term umbrella the under madness essentialize to tried Freud of psychoanalysis the Yet 1985). (Showalter, women of disadvantage the to mostly history, throughout cultures all in there been always has madness in Gender-bias particular). in (Freud genders between difference the of importance the heavily too all emphasize Jung Gustav Carl and Freud Sigmund quoting, be shall I Psychoanalysts ones. dynamic to now After having considered the static and synchronic view of mental illnesses let us turn us let illnesses mental of view synchronic and static the considered having After 6. 59 were both though that mind in keep should one Freud and Jung contrasting In considering but time, same the at Freud and Jung tackle to task daring a seem might It Source: YouTube: Source: YouTube: theory The dynamics of the of heroesThe dynamics adevelopmental as - psychoanalysis
http://www.mugglenet.com/app/news/show/2214 “Years ago, I knew a boy, who made all the wrong all aboy,made who “Years ago,Iknew (from the official Harry Potter Trailer forHarry Trailer Potter officialHarry (from the 73 hysteria Potter and the Half-Blood Prince the Half-Blood Potter and as a characteristic trait of trait characteristic a as , Retrieved 2009-04-12. , Retrieved (Dumbledore) choices.” 59 )
CEU eTD Collection who declared that Freud’s theory is not falsifiable – and as such it can be true, but not scientific. true,not but itbe –and can as such falsifiable not theory is Freud’s declared that who man. beinga Derrida, ) means déjá; (toujours already always as being human do thesame bisexual essentially an from not would man where a doubt no though „woman” includes always point definition self its in that born is the being sexed a child to unnoticed, and slowly occurs subordination how emphasizes systematic or an scientific is way. a in there it that study to discovering trying in rather but all thinking, tat of sphere no unconscious was Freud of contribution the sense this In Freud, of book the than earlier year a only entitled book a in idea his elaborated who James, William being them amongst prominent most the mind, the in processes unconscious or subconscious the about talking been have scholars other many fact in though even thought, Western to contribution greatest the as seen often is model topographic His 2). Figure see model topographical the and structural the of illustration integrated an (for model topographic and Self/Shadow. Anima/Animus integrity oftheir balanced a have characters main and protagonists the if is proven be to needs what approach Jungian a from Therefore problems. psychic to lead would either Suppressing balance. perfect a in be to sex of regardless individual each in present (Animus), soul masculine the and (Anima) soul feminine the have to needs one functioning, mental healthy establish to order In such. 1973 Beauvoir, (de winner undoubted the is masculine generally which in – other the to superior binaries these of one considers one if issue feminist hadit Jung and Unconscious the “ of crudely, it put attacks To Ego. the constant of autonomy the restore from to superstition mind the free to rather but balance on concentrate not do efforts His 2004). (Boynton, mind) the of science the create to struggling 61 ru oie hrfr ht te ucncos hs a lgcl srcue ta a be can that structure logical a has unconscious the that therefore posited Freud . The mysterious mixture of gender in Jung and above all their balance is only a truly a only is balance their all above and Jung in gender of mixture mysterious The (desperately thinking Enlightenment with more associated is hand other the on Freud 61 60 a and structural a soul, human the of descriptions distinct two posited Freud According to her famous phrase “ phrase famous her to According The scientific nature of Freud’s claims are highly debated, mainly by the philosopher Karl Popper, Karl philosopher the by mainly debated, highly are claims Freud’s of nature scientific The .” (Boynton, 2004). .” One
The interpretation of dreams (1899) dreams of interpretation The is The Psychology of Suggestion… (1898) Suggestion… of Psychology The
not
74 born
a
60 woman ), however Jung himself never stated never himself Jung however ), , one eoe becomes Freud Wrote about sex, about Wrote Freud one ” with which she which with ” has appeared. has although
CEU eTD Collection n h the and drive life and love the libido, or ( Eros the drives, basic the contains Id and sphere, Unconscious the actions, one’s determine largely that ones. formmost dangerous part ofthe not does it therefore mechanism, defence 3 Level a is Repression – mechanisms). 4 (Level coping mechanisms rather or – defence healthy everyday the to Mechanisms) 1 (Level pathological extremely the from progressing mechanisms, defence of levels four establishing on settled finally who Freud, Anna daughter, her to task this leaving systematically, them described never Freud though Sigmund ofwhichmany exist, from the conscious, memories of traumatic elimination the produce that mechanisms very the denotes however unconscious dynamic The awareness. one’s beyond are that thoughts or states psychological inner to referring merely itself. ofrepression process the nor repressed content the of neither memory a have not will person the therefore one, conscious a not is – repression – itself act unwanted The sphere. or conscious the to threatening surfacing memories impede to used be can that mechanisms defence various the of one unconscious, the into repression as to referred is contents unacceptable of “swallowing” The self). conscious the defend to as so forms transposed in only directly, surface not can content its – desires deepest our contains moreover and contents unacceptable all swallows that psyche the of hole” “black (the unconscious the finally and time) any at consciousness of sphere the to up brought be can but moment, the at minds our on not are which of contents (the pre-conscious the moment), ofin a given are we aware the (what conscious parts: of three consisted soul human the that posited He dreams. unconscious, the to road royal the least not but last and humour he tongue, of slips what as such were acts, unexplainable or unconscious unintentional considered the studying of methods primary his – studied and analyzed The structural model (Freud, 1923) declares that fundamentally there are three parts three are there fundamentally that declares 1923) (Freud, model structural The unconscious, descriptive the unconscious, of types three distinguished later Freud Thanatos h et rv. Te I ucin n te pesr rnil, tu is thus principle, pleasure the on functions Id The drive. Death the , 75 a Es das , wih wol eog o the to belongs wholly which ),
CEU eTD Collection im bss a eeomna hoy uig ti eeomn h tgs hv pre- a have stages the predecessor its to superior be to considered clearly is them of each and development order rigid determined this During theory. developmental a as basis firm has also psyche, the of conscious) and pre-conscious unconscious, the of ideas his (denoting structure topographic a and Superego) and Ego Id, of notions his to refers (which structural a the psyche.of a mediator. as structures, distinct two the ofthese needs between balance to emerges, Ego the component, third a therefore impossible, action any make would opposites the two these Clearly, on rules. societal to completely functions conform to seeks and which principle perfectionism Superego, the forming thereby society, of norms the interiorize to child the drives that conflict Oedipal the during emerging Father menacing the of image the by thwarted is This needs. its of satisfaction immediate claims and hedonistic fundamentally Nevertheless, one must not forget that Freudian psychoanalysis, apart from describing from apart psychoanalysis, Freudian that forget not must one Nevertheless, 2 . Figure The iceberg model of Freud – depicting both the structural and the topographical modeltopographical the and structural the both – depicting Freud of model iceberg The . Figure 76
CEU eTD Collection Jung in the case of females, though they are in total agreement on the mechanism of the of mechanism adult. healthy ordera to become resolve in need children to taskthat a complex, Oedipus the on agreement total in are they though females, of case the in Jung is of interpretation the sex from slightly deviates Freud Here it. accept to have they them to assigned whichever therefore them, between choice no is there that and sexes different two careless, disorganized. rather they are retentive personalities to anal an opposition as and defiant and reckless but brave only not often are they characteristics: quite personal have different types personality expulsive anal hand other the On degree. high a to neatness excessive and organization value they thus order, with obsessed are personalities retentive nature). onits scientific criticisms many evoking category, same the to belonging elements contrasting seemingly interprets Freud how of example good (a personality manipulative and gullibility immaturity, passivity, as such traits personality are predominant also kissing, or eating, smoking, as more itself manifests it type fixation passive the In pens. of fixational end as such objects, of chewing aggressive constant by damage causing be an would pattern patters: fixational possible two with dominant is Stage Oral the Moreover development. psychosexual causefixations. can cases developmental any ofthese psychosexual problems in in unresolved stages various which back unconscious, falling the in from itself memory manifests unwanted an of rise the by threatened is sphere patterns. behavioural symptoms and particular its with unconscious, the in problems unresolved of sign a is them of one in fixation a and These fixations can take an active or a passive form in some stages. In early childhood early In stages. some in form passive a or active an take can fixations These conscious the if employed be can that mechanisms defence the of one is Regression In the following stage (3-6 years) the child is confronted with the fact that there are there that fact the with confronted is child the years) (3-6 stage following the In anal well: as patterns fixational possible two are there years) (1,5-3 stage anal the In 6.1. The Oedipus Complex – a crucial division line –acrucial division Complex The Oedipus 77
CEU eTD Collection he expresses that girls are angry with their mother as they blame her for their apparent lack of lack apparent their for her blame they as mother their with angry are girls that expresses he though even – case this in matricide of idea the mentions even never Freud interestingly out points (1993) Slipp As vagina. her to clitoris her from joy sexual of source the displace and penis of lack her accept to has also she and all-potent) see the whom mother, the to attached and attracted both – bisexual considered are complex Oedipus the before children (as sex other the to desire their displacing all of first problems: two with cope to have they as boys a penis. desire ofpossessing fulfilled own their project could they whom into boy, a preferable father, their desire from girls baby that a having claiming essentially – baby a of that to penis the of displacement a later and envy penis with replaces Freud which case, their in argue to difficult be would complex castration Obviously Father. the initially – males to energy libidinal their displace to have they father, the to committed already is she that perceiving upon yet mother, their for desire homosexual initial an develop girls idea, original his to According subject. this on ideas clearly his phrase to reluctant and unsure both was Freud However, term). Jung’s is which Complex, Electra not (and Complex Oedipus female the calls Freud which occurs, process for need different a girls In the period. this in happens also Ego the of formation the entails hence intermediation, which Super-ego, the creating therefore rules, its and order the of societal acceptance the means time same the at acceptance This him. on imposed rules the accepts and father the with identifies he situation the with deal to order In castration. of fear a all- the of develops anger he therefore him, castrating the by him punish would who raise Figure Father male powerful would this that knows also he yet – mother his marry to able be to order in father his kill to desire his Hence for. strives himself he place the in is Figure about fantasizing often mother, powerfulFather and a potent as thisimpossible knowsis that child the her. However marrying the with obsessed becomes he words other in – mother During the Oedipus Complex the male child’s libidinal energy is projected onto the onto projected is energy libidinal child’s male the Complex Oedipus the During Therefore according to Freud girls find themselves in a more difficult situation than situation difficult more a in themselves find girls Freud to according Therefore 78
CEU eTD Collection complexes. The question from a gender perspective remains, whether complexes as Jung as complexes whether remains, perspective gender a from question The complexes. definable well to leads – unconscious collective the of archetypes doubled always (nearly) the of any of suppression the words other in or – imbalance that highlighting and pairs these between balance the of importance the foregrounds Jung individual. every in present are both that advocated he as pair, characteristics) (male Animus – Self the females of case in or traits) (unaccepted Shadow the and personality) our of characteristics accepted (denoting Self the as such pairs in arranged usually are which archetypes, various contains Unconsious collective This memory. racial our in stored species, human entire the by shared knowledge the all of Collective the of idea collection the the is it that positing unconscious, personal the from it differentiating Unconscious, creating by secondly and Complex) castration and complex Oedipus female Complex, (Oedipus does Freud than more positing by all of first complexes, the into fit picture. necessarily not does revenge this perform to ask to brother the of use the and revenge of side-story the however complex, Electra the in do they as complex Oedipus the in operate mechanisms same the basically that claim to intends Jung that in lies distortion The Agamemnon. father, their kill to plot mother’s her for revenge a as mother his kill to brother her asks woman young a Electra, Jung: of idea the with compared lopsided bit a is however derives name the which from mythology Greek The mirror. a in reflected if as – reversed is it yet males in as same the almost is process the that claims He Complex. Electra it renaming ofmen. that than developed less is Super-Ego their that supposed Freud order, societal and rules his accepting consequently and father the with identification of ordeal the through go not do girls Because mother. their of place the taking essentially be would which father, their from baby a desire also and penis Jung in his theory of female psychosexual development takes a different approach, different a takes development psychosexual female of theory his in Jung ug as ae lgty dfeet apoc o te ise o etl iless or illnesses mental of issue the to approach different slightly a takes also Jung 79
CEU eTD Collection spiritual and intellectual growth, not just a jouney towards an integrated personality and morality.. and personality an integrated jouneytowards just growth, not a and intellectual spiritual hero’s the emphasises that Wieland, Martin Chistoph by (1767) Agathon” des “Geschiste to novel this compare we if exemplified best are Erziehungsnovels test. to put thoroughly is that characters the of knowledge also but to seem indeed does which – novel psychological 7 the in appear later the of precursor a same, and the 2004) not if (Baldick, be related to tightly considered are Erziehungsroman and BildungsRoman scholars literary many by though stage. phallic the in complex this resolving by directions different into split bodies bisexual the when point crucial the is this that sense the in identical are processes two the that emphasize to order in 1962) (Freud, attitude Oedipus work his nevertheless – 1933) (Freud, women understand not can he fact in and not, does he that admitted openly Freud However, inferiority. and superiority of terms in analyzed be can these of symptoms The infantilism”. contrasts gender which on maturity, of ladder a create clearly infantilisms psychopathological “psychopathological of notion Freudian the in results which “fixation”, termed (1962) Freud what creates stage developmental psychosexual begin. should of sexual phase development final stage, the –the genital ofemotion outbursts occasional and laughs nervous relationships, budding in semi-present only HPs, the in hidden genitalphase. the is stage, that next psychosexual the shouldbe stepping into characters puberty of onset the with period this after and 1962) (Freud, period latency reached have should they supposedly and resolved been have to supposed is Complex Oedipus the which 11 of age the at characters the to introduced Copperfield David that admit to opposed as opposedsecondarycharacters) to into relief a sharp put is Potter’schange Harry must one (although changes of swirl the in depicted is who protagonist single Bildungsroman a is itself Electra and complex (1962) complex Oedipus Freudian the maintaining mainly – them described Taking the developmental perspective it must not be left unmentioned that the story the that unmentioned left be not must it perspective developmental the Taking 64 63 62 each for preset are that task unresolved any or process this in disruption Any well and of unspoken mostly fact in – puberty of onset the from Freud to According Although – particularly in the case of Hermione – it can also be termed as an Erziehungsroman (even Erziehungsroman an as termed be also can it – Hermione of case the in particularly – Although feminine of idea original his to kept Freud while complex, Electra term the use to preferred Jung 62 Except for the first epizode of the of epizode thefirst Except for (Jung, 1970) – are successfully resolved or not in the characters. ornot in resolved successfully (Jung, 1970) –are th book) At the final test, in the ultimate dénouement of the 7 book series it is not only the morals, the only not is it series book 7 the of dénouement ultimate the in test, final the At book) y Cals Dces o or Dickens Charles by 63 with a peculiar touch that there is not only one central character, a character, central one only not is there that touch peculiar a with Philosopher’s Stone Philosopher’s 64 ae Eyre Jane by definition they are far beyond the age by age the beyond far are they definition by 80 , where Harry apears as a baby. Harry apears , where y Calte Charlotte by Brontë s w are we As .
CEU eTD Collection seen whether women are still not understood or misunderstood, or whether they can be can they whether with men? footing onan equal them puts in that a way analyzed or misunderstood, or understood not still are women whether seen women. contemporary to nature onfemale assumptions in its bestridiculous at or outrageous seem even might 1905]) [Freud, Dora, of case the in as (such eye critical a with read sometimes which characters, female of analysis the on claims his undermining certainly yet ignorance, admitted his for mechanism compensatory a just be might that phenomenon a – 1909) 1905,1906, 1900/1977, Freud, (e.g. abundant is sexuality feminine and hysteria on The HPs is heavily laden with psychoanalytical meanings – the question remains to be to remains question the – meanings psychoanalytical with laden heavily is HPs The 81
CEU eTD Collection Back again Back v=fY4DPeBbUbQ&feature=PlayList&p=44FD1727799D0363&index=6 who double dark the find to years 17 throughout him urges that Thanatos, irrepressible nearly the to him in drive death the to rise give shall that scar this is it nevertheless – match quite not does age the although – Figure Father real a father his of double Dark the by castration year wasold. only one he when age, early very a at father own his lost having Figure, Father a identifying of incapable is he as irresolvable seems even it but unresolved only not is complex Oedipus his approach: past50years. lessened in the not ofwomenhas the incomprehensibility if as series, the in find to difficult are complexes Electra – ones male exclusively almost still are figures these that though notable is It analysis. the to themselves lend readily figures the of many fact 7. 66 65 symbolic a be to argued be could lightning-shaped, forehead, his on wound The psychoanalytical the to according Potter Harry with problem fundamental a is There in – HPs the to applied be readily can Jung and Freud of theory psychoanalytic The ore Source: “ novels fantasy Tolkien’s to reference intertextual partial a is subtitle The ” (Tolkien, 1937) and “ ” (Tolkien, again –theagain psychoanalysis’s the on HPs tale 7.1.1. journey fromThe magical sanity: there to madness back and unresolved Oedipus conflict.unresolved The LordThe theRings of The psychodynamics of Harry Potter ofHarry –atriple The psychodynamics “Today the world knows him by another name – by him anothername knows world the “Today (from the official Harry Potter Trailer forHarry Trailer Potter officialHarry (from the ” first part “ ” part first 82 The fellowship of theRing of fellowship The Potter and the Half-Blood Prince the Half-Blood Potter and , Retrieved 2009-04-12. 2009-04-12. , Retrieved 66 http://www.youtube.com/watch? The hobbit- or There and There or hobbit- The Lord Voldemort” Lord ” (Tolkien,1954) ” (Dumbledore)
65 )
CEU eTD Collection family alienates him completely as the Other, as if he belonged to a different race entirely. race different to if a as he belonged the as Other, completely him alienates family the that entire considering himself, ofidentifying to no chance hehave whom would next with Figure Father despised a and step-mother unloving and unloved an desiring by resolved be should development psychosexual his that impossible to near is it Harry, to unkind extremely are wife his Petunia, and him both as However resolved. be should conflict Oedipus the when life his in age the at present is who step-father, his Dursley, Vernon obvious be would most replacement and relative closest The be. should rule this whose uncertain if as – Father the of rule the with identify to able being not apparently teachers, the to annoyance constant we If neuroses? causes and rule-breaker regular a is he that such argued be might it functions Superego his evaluate of existence the for argue we Can neuroses. of plethora a forming life. the consider we Harry’s in unless archetype Mother missing figure, the of replacement a maternal as Weasley Mrs new of compensation a to himself bind to tries actively or never he for novel searches the in ear, his in rings that scream mother’s his first is it though Even certain figure. Father the to a restricted be to seems creates problem the of root archetypes the however balance), antagonist both (missing terms the in balance-complex itself in complex Jungian a to lead not would one) as regarded be hardly can step-parents his (as age young a from archetype Mother the and Father the both Missing story. the in line central a is archetype Mother Great the and Figure Father lost the for chase the by haunted the of life. in Harry’s real Figure becomes Father Double Dark the of killing the symbolic), (though the real as is Just life death. Harry’s in his castration of time the until Figure Father darkly this to him ties that wound) a as well (as link a creates scar the time same the at However, castration. immature the caused Nevertheless, after the double murder of his parents, throughout his life he remains he life his throughout parents, his of murder double the after Nevertheless, However, the unresolved Oedipus Complex remains and can contribute heavily to heavily contribute can and remains Complex Oedipus unresolved the However, 83
CEU eTD Collection similar on the surface level, as it is described in the in the it as described level, is onthe surface similar is it as strata psychic deep in the different as is eyes their in blackness the that clear is it outset the from yet eyes, black coal have Father Revengeful and Punitive the Figure, Father book) 7 the in dénouement the (until one negative an Snape, Severus and Harry to Figure positive Father a Hagrid, both that find we Figures Father antagonistic possible of pair different biological father. real he was hima passed if as onto he talents the and Figure Father double dark his contemplating of pause long a after Gryffindor out shout hat sorting the makes that be would Father-Figure second his as house same the into sorted be to wish unconscious his is it that possible is It castration. premature his caused who figure, Father Dark the from away keep to if as Slytherin, into sorted be to not is for Man. Old Wise the of archetype Jungian the to corresponding clearly and school the of Headmaster the Dumbledore, Albus Figure, Father possible second a meets already he Hogwarts before to Even arriving Harry. to alien completely world a in time same the at protector and mentor a as acting and resolved be not could complex the where place the from away him taking striking is circumstances. the account into taking which behaviour, calm even normal, relatively the and any neuroses of of lack the symptoms is which wizard, a is he that discovers he before even Harry 11-year-old the about thing odd one note must One least. the at questionable is Complex Oedipus the of resolution the 11, of age the around – figures Father as serve could who life Harry’s in arrive The first Father Figure to arrive is Hagrid, who introduces him to the wizarding world, wizarding the to him introduces who Hagrid, is arrive to Figure Father first The suddenlyofpeople a plethora that theories to psychoanalytic according late It far is too A curious example in the book for pairs of Father Figures is eye colour – taking a taking – colour eye is Figures Father of pairs for book the in example curious A asks he thing only the house, his into sorted being of task the with confronted When and empty and made you think of dark tunnels. dark youthink andof empty made and were cold They none ofwarmth. Hagrid’s theyhad but black Hagrid’s, like were Snape finished calling the names and looked up at the class. His eyes His class. the at up looked and names the calling finished Snape (p.89) 84 Philosopher’s Stone.Philosopher’s
th
CEU eTD Collection ahrFgr ihr uiu uncmsi h the in comes turn curious A either. Figure Father a Dumbledore Albus consider not does he reason some For altogether. Figure Father a lacks he grandmother, stern his of vigilance constant the under up growing – opposite the of that dubious. is masculinity his and therefore personality male any with identify not could he that indicates also complex Oedipus unresolved long-lasting The voice. father’s his hear he does later much only memory, lasting his remains that herscream is it and mother his to attached much very is he reasons: several on based personality place. first the in complex castration his caused who person the kills literally finally he conflict, Oedipus unresolved his also but years, 7 for Lord Dark the Voldemort, with only not battling (Voldemort). After one remaining the willingly kills he while action of lack or inadvertence of result the is Snape of death the Although Snape). and (Dumbledore Figures Father two killing Figure. Dark Father and Figure Father Benevolent of pair two Voldemort Dumbledore- the These to parallel run to Hagrid. seem figures loving) creature large or small any fact (in children-loving and loyal and benevolent extremely but simple apparently the with him contrasts certainly children of hatred apparent his and past Death-Eater his with alongside Snape, of position high and wit the reasons: various for series the in foils terms) literary more (using or doubles considered be Therefore Rubeus Hagrid, the gamekeeper and Severus Snape, the potion Master can Master potion the Snape, Severus and gamekeeper the Hagrid, Rubeus Therefore Neville – similarly to Harry lost his parents at an early age, yet his problem is exactly is problem his yet age, early an at parents his lost Harry to similarly – Neville Self-Anima balanced a have to argued be can Harry perspective Jungian a Taking conflict: Oedipus the of resolution literal a be to seems Harry for solution final The 7.1.2. Father Figure Father The case of Neville Longbottom –insearch ofa Longbottom The ofNeville case 85 Order of the Phoenix the of Order when with Harry with when
CEU eTD Collection older than 11 as being in the genital phase misses out on an important complex, since it whether since arguable is It personality. the of complex, aspects sexual and dyadic the on important solely concentrates an on out misses phase genital the in being as 11 than older children of categorization his and so, not clearly is this however – psyche the of energies the of fluctuation the by undisturbed is knowledge of acquisition and learning where latency, of subjects. same the in excelled and liked he her, with identified if as and her, for love even sexuality-laden not and to than rather loyal adoring, his from was appears it he as Figure him Father feminine a not chose He finally Dumbledore. was it learn we as but Figure, Father a Figure. fora Father Potter ofJames the father ownwith his father he replaced that likely is It welcome. always was he where Potters’ the at shelter take to 16 of age the at home his from fled Black Sirius while openly, loathed he whom father his killed having – world real the into world unconscious the bringing did), Harry like just (N.B. form real-world its in complex the realized Voldemort way. different a in Complex the solved have to seemed them a with novels. in the before only alone to sortingHarry hat appearsin the that sword alive, him keeping soul, Voldemort’s containing object magical last the Horcrux, one but last the destroys he so doing In identification. unconscious an indicating Nagini, kills finally and steps his follows who him is it later and Figure, Father a of kind a student fellow his regard to starts he Arts, Dark the against Defence in lessons them of all give to starting 7.2. According to the developmental theory of Freud, the period of 7-10 years is the period the is years 7-10 of period the Freud, of theory developmental the to According as Voldemort who chose seemingly that is Snape, ofSeverus case interesting The most of all yet step-father), a (as Harry like just fathers abusive had characters above the All 7.1.3. Sirius Black and Severus Snape and Sirius Black The Dionysian Complex –insearch of sanity Complex The Dionysian Possible unresolved Oedipus Complexes –Voldemort, Complexes Oedipus Possible unresolved 86
CEU eTD Collection Dionysian complex in his case, however only one of these happened before he took on the on took he before happened these of one only however case, his in complex Dionysian and name personality, new entirely world. conquer the ambition an to with a wild appearance gains he returns he When journey. mysterious around world him. in discourse the a new body and new a name, new a Voldemort of case the in and self new a creating it, reject to tries therefore and past its and itself accept not can Self the complex Dionysian a of case the In others. many name. deity’s a different hardly bear could center its at madness with Complex A well. as him with alliance those in on madness bringing but himself, mad only not moreover – society from status outcast self-imposed and madness with associated often most one the remains he Gods, Greek the of most for true is plurality this Although personalities. various of possession in apparently and origin dubious of entity divine a etc.), feasts, wine, theatre, of deity a also he’s – phenomena of plethora a (among it. networksurrounding social and intothe society self the of integration the in consists which Complex, Dionysian the – life real in not and novel the in present only perhaps – Complex new a posit would I Therefore elaboration. further needs example for Voldemort of that – roots sexual to back traced be can problems mental all The Dionysian complex is named after the Greek God Dionysus, God of madness of God Dionysus, God Greek the after named is complex Dionysian The Severus Snape has done two things that might launch such a crisis that would lead to a to lead would that crisis a such launch might that things two done has Snape Severus a on away while furtively done behaviour, snake-like a is transformation This among snakes, are Dionysus of animals accompanying occurring often the of One 7.3. 7.4. 7.2.1. The Dionysian complex – the case of the Half –Blood Prince ofthe Half –the case complex The Dionysian ofVoldemort –the case complex The Dionysian Why Dionysus? 87
CEU eTD Collection we do not know if his Patronus- if he was at all capable of producing one at all – was – all at one producing of capable before. different something all at was he if Patronus- his if know not do we However, obsessively. almost loved she girl the Evans, Lily of Patronus the as same the is it the in appears it as series, the of end the at doe a be to known is an thus Patronus His unconscious. and his into sunk has Complex Dionysian unresolved an that indicative character his in change mental fundamental a mean could this symbolically whole. individuated integrated are an being from far is psyche his past that indicate personalities of multitude his the However, apparent. of denial even or name or appearance bodily in change no – case typical the not is it Complex, Dionysian the resolve to failure a considered be to is it if part, first the in to alludedalready character, his in break a definite of point the was this Although Voldemort. by Prince Half-Blood same. the remained name his finally and appearance his However, hatred. is being of capable seems ever he emotion only the hatred, with filled iron of heart his one, aggressive threatening, a into turned fearful somewhat and pleasant awkwardly as described then to up personality his price: high a quite entailed have might crisis this solving however development, psychic his in break major a was forgiveness her of refusal The family). Muggle a from come who wizards to refer to term offensive and rude extremely (an Mudblood loved he girl the calling was crisis the free set have might that case The past. his with happy) not (if reconciled self acceptable an rebuilt and Complex the resolved finally he that indicating - abandoned later he which Prince, Half-Blood the of name n itiun usin wud b i arns – i ht hs cagd shape, changed has that if – Patronus his be would question intriguing An of name alternate his left he after happened definitely crisis possible second The behind, which was the unintentional assistance to the killing of Lily Potter Lily of killing the to assistance unintentional the was which behind, 88 Deathly Hallows Deathly and as such as and the
CEU eTD Collection the fabric of society. the fabric into Self present their life, past their integrate to incapable – lives their of most for one natural their to form alien character another yet is she but cat, a into turn can who Animaga?) (or Animagus female finally and temporary probably resolved. most was it complex, this resolving problems had they if even that indicates – children many for true is that yet nicknames, have do all they though – 1968). Jung, (see person the of brother animal psychic or soul bush hidden the indicates Animagi an of form the probably that indicate friends his betrays he that and rat a into turning of ability the has he that fact the However, Snape. Severus of that as much as revealed get even not does a dog. animalform his was ability but the who same Black, had Sirius to very similar bully, school reputed a was and stag a into turn to ability the had Potter James voluntarily. animal an of form the into change to ability the possess who wizards – Animagi become to three be might he if arguable is it therefore the incites other one who hethe is Nevertheless complex. Dionysian aof sufferer considered – moon full the of light the by forces, external by name another under and bodies other into forced choice, without shapeshifter a therefore well. scanty as and thoseare available are information sources secondary only experiences, childhood their about book the in provided is evidence real no as novel, other Animagi other The Marauders refers to four friends – one of whom is a werewolf – Remus Lupin – Lupin Remus – werewolf a is whom of one – friends four to refers Marauders The the in clear-cut as not are Animagi various and Marauders the of cases following The 67 known only the McGonagall, Minerva of case the about dark the in are we Similarly, shape change Marauders the that fact The it – novel the in hidden entirely is past whose Pettigrew, Peter is Animagus third The One can argue that this only holds for James Potter as Sirius Black and Peter Pettigrew remain in an in remain Pettigrew Peter and Black Sirius as Potter James for holds only this that argue can One 67 7.5. Tentative cases of the Dionysian complex –the maraudersand complex Dionysian cases ofthe Tentative 89 at will at and that their name is not blotted out blotted not is name their that and
CEU eTD Collection through this unnamed and unmentioned. this unnamed through go women while males for problem a as recognized only or – problem male a solely is this that novel the in appearance the from tension the relieve would that to, attributed be actually can complex this whom putative only womanto true,be would the theoryshe hold this should past. the in complex unresolved personal a hides this or novel the in nature gender-subversive her and masculinity her indicates this whether clear all at not is it – this do to able be to known is who woman, only the is she that fact the in lies importance Her novel. the in past a without The cat she can turn into does not endow her a name, nor a personal history – yet – history personal a nor name, a her endow not does into turn can she cat The 90
CEU eTD Collection 05-22. Textual reference also: also: Textualreference 05-22. in (i.e. Muggletopia in contrary. the exactly to seems be the case reality) however HPs, the in illness female typically a as distorted) (and described becomes alcohol of protection the into retreating depression, and anxiety of effects seem side the of novel One to. attention paying worth be the to suffering personal of terms in enough in serious described cases the Nonetheless, ill. mentally labelled be can anyone virtually that broad alarmingly so getting is – depression is which of one – disorders mood for criteria the sometimes that mind in keeping effect, bad a or good a being in up end would this if seriously consider to has one phenomenon, this condemning Before cases. these in help medical of sort any of necessity the denies clearly ideology its and HPs the in neglected novel. the in figure single a to sublimated itself, movement feminist the of effect side possible a be even might this Curiously, perhapssociety. in woman life, aggressive Phallic to the of fear returning newborn a is indicating lame) or mute i.e. its Freudian, in the (understood not woman and hysterical meaning, common the of image the Pottertopia in that suggests This before. ever than dangerous more is she that emphasizing even Black, Mrs. of that figure: single a into condensed is incites woman hysterical medusa-like dangerous, the of return the It seems that in the HPs mental illnesses are strongly gendered: the threat and fear that fear and threat the gendered: strongly are illnesses mental HPs the in that seems It 8. 68 seriously get disorders anxiety and depression that find we hand other the On Source: YouTube: YouTube: Source: Conclusions http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=96QRVfto7OM&feature=fvst http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0417741/quotes Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince and the Potter Harry 91 (from the official Harry Potter Trailer for Trailer Potter Harry official the (from Over. It’s (Severus Snape) (Severus , Retrieved 2009- Retrieved ,
68 )
CEU eTD Collection controversial and further research would be fruitful in examining it in depth. in depth. examiningit researchin be would fruitful and further controversial still is it however intriguing, extremely is community) the to integration and self-acceptance past. a distant back to reaching without causes, environmental orimmediate frailty internal by explained or ignored either is it women with whereas past, the into back projected immediately is it men in occurs, phenomenon non- illness-related virtually mental unsaid, a Whenever the existent. in left is complex Electra the while emphasized much very is My own proposal of a tentative new complex the Dionysian Complex (the question of question (the Complex Dionysian the complex new tentative a of proposal own My boysin complex Oedipal the of solution the that see we view of point dynamic a From 92
CEU eTD Collection imprisonment in the prison of the wizarding world, named Azkaban named world, ofthe prison wizarding in the imprisonment novel. in occasions the on various out pointed is can orshe notit that as mean he it not notthem, does does use a wizard because of era the in compulsory only is attendance Voldemortopia its though – attend children endowed P 9. nogvbe Curses Unforgivable Arts Dark – Wizardry and Witchcraft of School Hogwarts EOPLE 3. 2. 1.
commands ofa wizard. commands Imperio pain. nearly unbearable inflicts Crucio dodge it. can one yet it, against oneself defend to counter-curse no is There heart. the stops Kedavra Avada Glossary Squib Wizard/Witch: Muggle OF
THE : harmful magic, usually used by the Death Eaters, however reputedly just reputedly however Eaters, Death the by used usually magic, harmful : o o o o : a non-magical person, bornintofamily person, a wizarding a non-magical : HP : The Cruciatus Curse: the curse is aimed to torture its sufferer and sufferer its torture to aimed is curse the Curse: Cruciatus The : Pure Blood Half-blood Muggle parents Mudblood Muggle-born : people lacking magical power people lacking : h meiu us: fre h usd pro o oe the obey to person cursed the forces Curse: Imperious The : S U NIVERSE uss woe ue wud rsl n a lf etne of sentence life a in result would use whose curses : people possessing magical power magical possessing people : the killing curse – emits a green jet of light and supposedly and light of jet green a emits – curse killing the : ue epeso o a wzr r ic h s on to born is who witch or wizard a for expression rude : : a wizard or witch born to a muggle and a witch ora wizard a witch muggle borntoand a a wizard orwitch : : A wizard or witch born to a wizarding family a wizarding orwitch Abornto wizard : : a wizard or a witch who comes from a Mugglefamily comes witchfrom who a wizard ora : 93 the school apparently all magically all apparently school the
CEU eTD Collection silvery animal, which is very often indicative of the personality of the caster ofthe spell. caster ofthe personality very is often indicative animal,which silvery depression were personified. they if as – depression of symptoms the and presence their of effect the the as to referred souls peoples’ out sucking Dementors Animagus Quidditch Patronus charm Patronus : a witch or a wizard with the ability to turn into the form of an animal the turn form into ofan ability to with the ora wizard : a witch onbroomsticks. played wizards, a popular among sport : odd bak fgrs mntn ans n epi n ultimately and despair and sadness emanating figures, black hooded : – a protective charm against Dementors that takes the form of a of form the takes that Dementors against charm protective a – Dementor’s kiss. kiss. Dementor’s 94 There is a notable similarity to similarity notable a is There
CEU eTD Collection flee. to manages Voldemort yet destroyed, ultimately is Stone The time). the of wizard greatest the Dumbledore, Albus of work the is it fact the at hint a is there (though stone the retrieve last book. ofthe Epilogue the restored until not is and shaken remains Professor Snape Severus in trust Lord, Harry’s Nevertheless, wizard. Dark mediocre a Quirell, the of servant real the of attacks the from him shield to trying fact in was who Snape, Severus not is accomplice the that out turns it however surprise Harry’s to Much stone. Philosopher’s the using life his regain to attempting is who himself, Voldemort stone. the steal to trying in Voldemort of accomplice an being of novel the of antihero Byronian the Snape, Severus suspect They himself. resurrect to stone the after is who Voldemort, is it that also presumethey and Stone Philosopher’s the is it out that find they school. Soon the of floor third the in dog headed three a by guarded door trap a under kept is secret what out finding of quest the on start they Together friends. best his as series the of end very the until him society. the taboowizarding in name a is whose Voldemort, named time, the at wizard dark dangerous most the by murdered were they – murder a was it but him, told had uncle and aunt his as accident car a to due not was death parents’ his that learns He Wizardry. and Witchcraft of School Hogwarts to invited is he and wizard a is he that out 10.1. The hero of the series named Harry Potter, a neglected and battered boy of 11, finds 11, of boy battered and neglected a Potter, Harry named series the of hero The 10. As Harry faints in the final battle, therefore it is unclear how Voldemort fails to fails Voldemort how unclear is it therefore battle, final the in faints Harry As Lord against fight and task challenging a face to has Harry book the of end the At accompany shall who Granger, Hermione and Weasley Ron befriends Harry school At Appendix – very brief plot summary of the HPs summary the of plot Appendix –verybrief Harry Potter and the Philosopher’s and Stone Potter Harry the 95
CEU eTD Collection Trelawney, that with the escape of Peter Pettigrew, Voldemort will again regain power. regain again will Voldemort ofPeter Pettigrew, the escape with that Trelawney, Sybill teacher, divination the from comes premonition a yet directly, him with fight a have not does Harry and person in series the in appear not does Voldemort time This Weasley’s. the family, wizarding ancient an of pocket the in rat a as hiding and alive yet himself, Sirius by killed been have to believed Pettigrew, Peter but who Voldemort, to Black parents Sirius Harry’s betrayed not was it that out turns it series the of end the by However, Azkaban. named wizards of prison famous the from escaped who Voldemort, of follower purported and honest. loyal a is true–brave, Gryffindor he that indicates Harry of aid the to readily comes Phoenix the that fact the Nevertheless, nature. andominous possibly Harry’s dark side revealing Slytherin, and Salazar Voldemort in fact are history in ones known only the of, capable are wizards few very that snakes of language the Phoenix ofDumbledore. help ofthe with anew the Riddle) (orTom Lord Voldemort defeats and snake Basilisk giant a monster, mysterious the fights and again Riddle Tom meets finally mystery the unravel to attempt an in – who Harry, of hands the into gets later and finds sister Wealey’s Ron Ginny, that diary a in kept were memories His Riddle. Tom named was time the of founders open. could true onlyheir the a chamber Slytherin, Salazar school, the of one by built chamber, secret a in hidden monster a by supposedly 10.3. 10.2. The chamber of Secrets was opened 50 years before by Voldemort himself, who at the at who himself, Voldemort by before years 50 opened was Secrets of chamber The off, sets murders attempted mysterious of series a Hogwarts in year second the In Harry is supposed by all to be in danger of being attacked and killed by Sirius Black, a Black, Sirius by killed and attacked being of danger in be to all by supposed is Harry parseltongue, peak can he that out turns it as again revealed is nature double Harry’s Harry Potter and the Chamber ofSecrets Chamber and Potter Harry the Harry Potter and the Prisoner and ofAzkaban Potter Harry the 96
CEU eTD Collection Harry and Voldemort, Sirius Black is killed, which turns Harry against Bellatrix Black, the Black, Bellatrix against Harry turns which killed, is Black Sirius Voldemort, and Harry ofpower. source real the as clearly more and more represented becoming latter the school, the and Ministry the between discordance the time first the for clear making Umbridge, Dolores with conflict a fighting in skills into andget Albus Dumbledore Potter Both Harry only theory. Arts, Dark teaching the against practical learning students the prevent to tries who Umbridge, Dolores Arts. Dark the fight how against to students teaching aims, same the with essentially organization student a army, Dumbledore’s founds – order the into let being not – Harry forces. his and Voldemort against fight to is aim whose that believe to Dumbledore and liars. Albus bothPotter Harry calling again, alive is Voldemort refusing latter the Ministry, the and School the between time first the for flees. he whountil Harry Voldemort, protect Lord by killed those of ghosts the up conjures which wands, two the of connection mysterious a of because parents long-dead his by saved is he time This wizard. powerful more evidently an Voldemort, with valiantly fights Harry Pettigrew. Peter servant, his of limb the and father his of bones the blood, Harry’s using by body blood and flesh in revived is he as person, in time first the Voldemort face to has he ordeals many After wizardry. of schools different between 10.5. 10.4. Harry is chosen to be a competitor in the Triwizard Tournament, a dangerous contest dangerous a Tournament, Triwizard the in competitor a be to chosen is Harry In a final fight with the Death Eaters in the ministry of magic for a prophecy about prophecy a for magic of ministry the in Eaters Death the with fight final a In by represented Ministry the of control the under gets meanwhile the in school The Phoenix, the of Order the together gather to manages Dumbledore Albus Nevertheless evident becomes rupture a and ministry the by disbelieved is Voldemort of return The Harry Potter and the Goblet and ofFire Potter Harry the Harry Potter and the Orderofthe andPhoenix Potter Harry the 97
CEU eTD Collection Dumbledore. Nevertheless in the last scene it is not them, but Severus Snape, who kills who Snape, kill Severus Dumbledore. but to them, castle not is the it scene enter last the Eaters in Nevertheless Death Dumbledore. other and Greyback Fenrir Lestrange, – himself Eater Bellatrix Death a now by and book first the from Harry of archenemy an Malfoy, Draco of help the with and – time difficult same the At extremely weakened. extremely be back arrives to Dumbledore proves Horcrux the the of Retrieving one recover Voldemort. to of Harry Horcruxes takes Dumbleore passage of rite a As killed. or destroyed be hides not can contains it he soul whose men, the which intact, is Horcrux the in While soul. his of splinters objects magical Horcruxes, creating of that – immortality achieving Voldemort. to defeat to proves be incapable Ministry the and fiercer gets fight The destroyed. be can Voldemort how out find to memories in back travel continuously Harry and Dumbledore immortality, apparent and Harry longevity mysterious for important always though – far so of secret Voldemort’s out find to order in as relevant past increasingly becomes personally– The enemies. former his and community not be remedied. can Ministry School and the between the opposition the Nevertheless it. accept to be would minister the reluctant how matter no longer, any denied “ as enemies truly mortal are Voldemort and Harry that clear becomes it series the of end the By Voldemort. of follower loyal most 10.6. Voldemort – now no longer in hiding – starts an all-out attack on the wizarding the on attack all-out an starts – hiding in longer no now – Voldemort be not can return his there, still is person in Voldemort while arrives Ministry the As By the end of the series it turns out that Voldemort uses an extremely dark spell for spell dark extremely an uses Voldemort that out turns it series the of end the By Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince Half-Blood and Potter Harry the neither can live while the othersurvives the while can live neither 98 ”.
CEU eTD Collection is depicted as an adult in an ideal world, where evil is nolonger is a evil threat. where world, in an adult ideal as depicted is Harry epilogue, the scene, final the In word. magical the to order previous restoring himself, Voldemort defeats and revived is Harry However, Horcruxes. the of one is he that out turns of powers the by overtaken completely now Voldemort. – Ministry the and School the between 10.7. In the dénouement Harry sacrifices himself in order to make Voldemort mortal, as it as mortal, Voldemort make to order in himself sacrifices Harry dénouement the In battle final a with Horcruxes, 7 the of destruction and quest the depicts book final The Harry Potter and the Deathly andHallows Potter Harry the 99
CEU eTD Collection Foucault, M. (1976). M. Foucault, (1972). M. Foucault, (1970). M. Foucault, (1961). M. Foucault, S. (1994). Finger, (1959). E. H. Erikson, Review. International E. (1987/1997) Durkheim, An Gender: and Depression (1997) M. (2009) F. Group. Culbertson, work Health Mental (2007). R. Comer, – Statistics andMadness. Women Health for Center National – CDC (7July2003). S. A. Byatt, (1993). S. Bordo, ofpossession therapeutics the cultural in Selves NorthernSudan: (1988).Spirits and J. Boddy, 2003). Harold(24September Bloom, (1989). B. Bettleheim, (2003)¸ S. Baron-Cohen, A. (1973). Bandura, (1981). M.M. Bakhtin, (1941). M. Bakhtin, DSM-IV. on Force Task Association, Psychological American (2000) APA-TFoDSM-IV. (2006). D.W. Black, N.C., Andreasen, L. (2009). G. Anatol, L. (2003). G. Anatol, an towards (Notes Apparatuses State Ideological and Ideology (1970). L. Althusser, State. (1969).Ideology and the L. Althusser, eree rm (2008-11-15.) from: retrieved Investigation) Books Disorders Mental of Association. Psychological American Manual Statistical and Diagnostic Publications. Psychiatric Pantheon Books. Pantheon 1,pp.25-31 52,Issue Volume Psychologist, http://www.cdc.gov/mentalhealth/ res=9A02E4D8113AF934A35754C0A9659C8B63 http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html? trance. and _down_american_readers/ http://www.boston.com/news/globe/editorial_opinion/oped/articles/2003/09/24/dumbing Vintage Autism. about Holquist,M. M. Trans.Emerson,C., Holquist, 11. Bibliography Bibliography American Ethnologist 15(1): 4-27. 15(1): American Ethnologist Unbearable weight: Feminism, Western Culture, and the Body Culture, andthe Western Feminism, weight: Unbearable Origins of neuroscience: a history of explorations into function brain explorations of ahistory of neuroscience: Origins Lenin and Philosophy and Other Essays Other and Philosophy and Lenin Abnormal PsychologyAbnormal Basic Books: 2003. BasicBooks: Rabelais and his world andhis Rabelais Aggression: A Social Analysis Learning A Aggression: Mental illness andpsychology Mental et -Folie déraison. classique àl'âge folie de la Histoire The Order of Things: An Archaeology of the Human Sciences. Human the of Archaeology An Things: of Order The Reading Harry Potter again: New Critical Essays again: Critical New HarryPotter Reading Essays Critical HarryPotter: Reading Palgrave MacmillanPalgrave http://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/althusser/1970/ideology.htm Identity and the Life Cycle. Life Identity andthe h rhelg f Kolde ad Te Dsore o Language on Discourse The and Knowledge of Archaeology The The uses of enchantment: The meaning and importance of fairy tales fairy of importance and meaning The enchantment: of uses The h ilgc Iaiain or Esy y MM Bakhtin. M.M. by Essays Four Imagination: Dialogic The The Essential Difference: Male and Female Brains and the Truth the and Brains Female and Male Difference: Essential The "Harry Potter and the Childish Adult" the Childish Potter and "Harry Suicide: A Study in Sociology A Study Suicide: . Retrieved on 24 May, 2009 on24May, Retrieved "Dumbing down readers" American "Dumbing . Retrieved on 18 May, 2009. on18May, . Retrieved . Worth Publishers. nrdcoy Txbo f Psychiatry of Textbook Introductory . Bloomington: Indiana University Press University . Bloomington: Indiana New York: International Universities Press. Universities New International York: 1
. University of California Press. of California . University University ofTexas Press. University . Free Press. . Free . Retrieved on 22 May, 2009. on22May, . Retrieved . Praeger Publishers. . Prentice Hall. . Prentice . , Monthly Review Press 1971. Press Review Monthly , orh Eiin (DSM-IV) Edition Fourth , . The New York Times New The . Praeger Publishers. . Praeger . The BostonThe Globe Paris, Plon. Paris, . American . Pantheon American .
. Isis. Ed. . . .
CEU eTD Collection .. Rwig ofca ie (.. (n.d.) challenge. global Psychiatry's (1997), A. Cohen, A., Kleinman Site M. In: Foucault, J. (2006).Introduction. Khalfa, culture-bound disorders M. E. (2003). Kern, eating Are (2003). K. Pamela official L., Klump, L., Kelly, P., Keel, (1968) C.G. Jung, (1956/1977) C.G. Jung, Rowling (1912/1992) C.G. Jung, J.K. Queen than the RowlingRicher K. J. (2001). P. Hunt, (25June Anthony 2000). Holden, In: Lorelei. Die (1838/1982). H. Heine, Potter Harry BrandWizard Potter Harry (2003) S.C. Yudovsky, & R.E. Hales, (2002). R. Gwyn, K.(1996). Gergen, C., Grauman, (2007). J. Granger, (2000). B. Good, (1979). &S. S. Gubar, Gilbert, Gay, J., (1989). P. Strachey, S., Freud, (1989). J. Strachey, S., Freud, (2002). S. Freud, (1977). S. Freud, (1953). S. Freud, (2001). R. Ross, A., Frances, (2006). M. Foucault, (1995). M. Foucault, Madness (1988). M. Foucault, (1977). M. Foucault, Vintage. Books. Moral Choices. Moral pp. 747-769. etiology. their conceptualizing for Implications syndromes? Springer Psychiatry of Landscape diagnosis. 89. 2009 http://www.jkrowling.com/textonly/en/news_view.cfm?id=80 http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/2979033.stm guardianchildrensfictionprize2000 Observer Version English 2009 May, on29July2008. Retrieved http://www.businessweek.com/innovate/content/jul2005/di20050721_060250.htm psychiatry clinical Press. University Cambridge . http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harry_potter#Commercial_success . http://www.guardian.co.uk/books/2000/jun/25/booksforchildrenandteenagers. American Psychiatric Publishing. Psychiatric American Children’s literature Children’s The psychopathology of everyday life everyday of psychopathology The onpsychoanalysis lectures Introductory Dreams of Interpretation The Communicating health andillnessCommunicating health Man and his Symbols. Man andhis Unlocking Harry Potter: Five Keys for theReader. for Serious Keys Five HarryPotter: Unlocking Prometheus books agae Fr Toe Wo Hv ohn ihi ahi n the and Bakhtin Mikhail - Nothing Have Who Those For Language The Wisdom of Harry Potter: What Our Favorite Hero Teaches Us Teaches About Hero Our Favorite What of Harry Potter: Wisdom The The History of Madness History The et psychologie. mentale Maladie . Hal Draper, Suhrkamp/Insel Publishers Boston. Publishers Suhrkamp/Insel Draper, . Hal Discipline and Punish: the birth of the prison. the of birth the Punish: and Discipline . American Psychiatric Publishing. Psychiatric . American Symbols of Transformation.Symbols disease. of mental psychogenesis The . Business WeekBusiness Cgiin ad Lnug: A Sre n Psycholinguistics) in Series A Language: and (Cognition Jokes and their relations to the unconscious relations to Jokes andtheir The madwoman in the attic in the madwoman The and Civilization: A History of Insanity in the Age of Reason of Age the in Insanity of History A Civilization: and
S-VT ae suis lncl gie t differential to guide clinical a studies: case DSM-IV-TR
"Why . BBC. 27 May 2008.Source: 27May . BBC. . Malden, MA, Blackwell Publishers Blackwell . Malden, MA, itrcl dmnin f pyhlgcl discourse. psychological of dimensions Historical Civilization and its discontents andits Civilization . Dell. Harry Potter does not cast a spell over me" a spell over not does cast Potter Harry The Complete Poems of Heinrich Heine: A Modern A Heine: Heinrich of Poems Complete The Retrieved on 26 May, 2009 on26May, Retrieved The American Psychiatric Publishing textbook of textbook Publishing Psychiatric American The . 21July2005. . Routledge . Hayes Barton Press. . Hayes Retrieved on 24 May, 2009. on24May, Retrieved The History of Madness History The 2 Princeton University Press. University Princeton . London: Sage. Paris, PUFParis, . Penguin. . Norton.
. Routledge Routledge. Scientific American. pp. 86- pp. American. Scientific Psychological Bulletin, 129, Bulletin, Psychological
eree n 2 May, 21 on Retrieved . . Norton. New York : Pantheon : York New . Routledge . Norton Retrieved on24 Retrieved Zossima Press. . The Source: .
.
CEU eTD Collection hkser,W 15/04.(1954/2004). W. Shakespeare, J.K. (2007). Rowling, : Source interview. J.K. (2006). Rowling, Festival Book J.K. (2004). Rowling, International Edinborough (2004). J.K. Rowling, Source: J.K. (2002). Rowling, J.K. (2000). Rowling, Rowling. J.K. (1999). Rowling, J.K. J.K. (1997). Rowling, Source: website. billionaires joins Forbes Rowling official Rowling’s profile: J.K. (n.d.). Rowling January (1968/1992) L. Jacobson, & R. Rosenthal, (n.d.). (1982/2006). J. Robertson, L. Richards, Classics. Routledge discovery. (1959).Theofscientific K. logic Popper, (1997). G. Pergamit, & C. Peterson, (1956). P. Kegan, R., Bales, T., Parsons, a behavior: antisocial on violence television of effects The (1994) G. Comstock HJ, Paik, for the Evidence Self-Punishment: Evokes Guilt When (2009) M. Zeelenberg, R.M., Nelissen, (2009). A.J. Mussap, (2007). N. Mulholland, (n.d.).Source: Mugglenet D. Baggett, Potter. Harry courageous The (2004). T. Morris, and Dissociation, Absorption, God: Hearing Psychologists, of association Hungarian of – (2009) Vezetőség Társaság, Pszichológiai Magyar Art "The (2005) T.M. Luhrmann, (2005, L. Miller, & L., Hamilton, A., M. Williams, L., Cortes, S., Gold, A., Laye-Gindhu, J.(2007). Lacan, S (1991). Kofman, (1986). A Good., A., Kleinman, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spells_in_Harry_Potter women. series). Popular Culture of Lived Who (Psychology Boy Ran Hogwarts. Aristotle or f Drcos Directors. of 2009 on21May, Retrieved option=com_content&view=article&id=77:vezetseg&catid=42:vezetseg&Itemid=60 Board Spirituality." American Contemporary and Behavioral of Association the of meeting Washingtonannual DC. Therapies, Cognitive 39th the at presented session November). andDisorder. of Affect Psychiatry Cross-Cultural Schuster. 2009. on24May, Retrieved Irvington York: New of Concordat Worms. to the the great Gregory http://januarymagazine.com/profiles/jkrowling.html press. knoOwhere Routledge.London: meta-analysis. Effect. ofa Dobby Existence Health & PlaceHealth & Écrits: The First Complete Edition in English Editionin FirstComplete The Écrits: The magic of placebo: CBT (FRIENDS) and reading (Harry Potter). (Harry reading and (FRIENDS) CBT placebo: of magic The Freud andFictionFreud Communication Research 21. Communication Research Acculturation, body image, and eating behaviours in Muslim-Australian in behaviours eating and image, body Acculturation, Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows andthe Harry Potter Prince Half-Blood andthe Harry Potter Phoenix Orderof the andthe Harry Potter Goblet of Fire andthe Harry Potter Azkaban Prisoner andthe of Harry Potter Chamber of Secrets andthe Harry Potter Stone Philosopher’s andthe Harry Potter The Psychology of Harry Potter: An Unauthorized Examination of Examination the Unauthorized An of Harry Potter: Psychology The www.mugglenet.com , Open Court Open History of the Christian Church. From the election of Pope of election the From Church. Christian the of History Volume 15, Issue 2 Volume 15,Issue Romeo and Juliet. ( Juliet. and Romeo .BBC.. Retrieved on 24 May, 2009. on24May, Retrieved .BBC.. Culture and Depression: Studies in the Anthropology and Anthropology the in Studies Depression: and Culture Emotion, Volume 9, Issue 1,pp.118-122 9,Issue Emotion, Volume . Polity press, Cambridge. press, . Polity Leaping The Abyss: Putting Group Genius To Work To Genius Group Putting Abyss: The Leaping Spiritus, vol. 5:133-157 Spiritus, vol. Pygmalion in the classroom the in Pygmalion Family, Socialization and Interaction Process Interaction and Socialization Family, Retrieved on 26 May, 2009 on26May, Retrieved , June 2009 3 pp. 516-46 Oxford University Press. University Oxford Folger Shakespeare Library Shakespeare Folger University of California Press. ofCalifornia University . Retrieved 24 May, 2009. 24May, .Retrieved Retrieved on 19 May, 2009 on19May, Retrieved . Bloomsbury Publishing.. Bloomsbury http://www.psycomp.hu/index.php? Benbella Books. Benbella , . Bloomsbury Publishing.. Bloomsbury Pages 532-539 Pages Harry Potter and Philosophy: If Philosophy: and Potter Harry . W.W. Norton & Norton Co. . W.W. . Bloomsbury Publishing.. Bloomsbury . Bloomsbury Publishing.. Bloomsbury . Bloomsbury Publishing.. Bloomsbury . Bloomsbury Publishing.. Bloomsbury . Bloomsbury Publishing.. Bloomsbury http://www.jkrowling.com/ . . Expanded edition. Expanded . .
) Simon & Simon . Poster .
. . ,
CEU eTD Collection tpa nie Eyooy dcinr. (... Source: (N.D.). dictionary. (2001). J. Zipes, Etymology men: and women of behavior the of analysis cross-cultural A (2002). A. Eagly, & W., Wood, Online A. (2006). Wilson, In: hegemony? cultural or Utopia, fun, clean Good, – Pottermania (2008). T. Turner-Vorbeck, (2004). L. Tringer, (1937). J.R.R. Tolkien, Rowling (1937). J.R.R. Tolkien, (JK) Joanne Billionaires:#891 World's The Source: (n.d.) Cauldron Leaky The (1991). O. Temkin, (1960). T. Szasz, (2003). H. Fatemi, & R. Spiegel, how clarifies, IV DSM How based: evidence not are that treatments Pursuing (2009) S. Sobo, and trends, Causes, aggression: physical and Girls (2008) M. Puymbroeck, Van G., Snethen, Thomson, Psychology. Wadsworth. introduction Hilgard’s to E.and (2003).Atkinson Smith, (1997) E. Showalter, (1985) E. Showalter, Heilman, E. (ed.) E. Heilman, tbid scitit oise nne fivsiain investigation. of 491-498 need in issues to psychiatrists blinds it Theory Learning 2008,Pages346-354 13,Issue 5,October Volume Social by guided intervention Press. University 1980. Slovenly Peter to HarryPotter. Peter Slovenly differences. origins ofsex forthe Implications http://www.users.globalnet.co.uk/~loxias/harry_potter.htm http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=utopia Kiadó Semmelweis Unwin. on23 Retrieved http://www.forbes.com/lists/2007/10/07billionaires_Joanne-(JK)-Rowling_CRTT.html 2009 May, Press Hopkins. University Johns Virago Press. Virago .
The myth ofmentalillness.The myth Sticks and Stones: The troublesome Success of children’s literature from literature children’s of Success troublesome The Stones: and Sticks "Harry Potter in Greek" Potter "Harry Hippocrates in a world of pagans and Christians and pagans of world a in Hippocrates Critical Perspectives onHarryPotter. Perspectives Critical May The Female Malady: Women, Madness, and English Culture, 1830– Culture, English and Madness, Women, Malady: Female The sihára tankönyve pszichiátria A The Hobbit – or there andback –oragain. there Hobbit The The lord of the Rings – The Fellowship of the Ring. the of Fellowship The – Rings the of lord The ytre: Hseia pdmc n oen Mda Media. Modern and Epidemics Hysterical Hystories: , 2009 . Psychopharmacology New York, Routledge. York, New http://www.the-leaky-cauldron.org/ . Andrew Wilson . Andrew
American Psychologist American 4 Hnbo f pyhar] Budapest, psychiatry] of [Handbook . Psychological Bulletin, 128,699−727 Psychological . John Wiley & Sons. Chichester. & Wiley Sons. . John
Retrieved on 21 May, 2009 on21May, Retrieved grsin ad Voet Behavior, Violent and Aggression Routledge . Source: George Allen & Unwin. Allen George obs ac 2007 March 8 Forbes. . . Medical Hypotheses Medical Retrieved on 21 May, 2009 on21May, Retrieved ,
15 . Baltimore, Maryland, Baltimore, . , 113-118. . Retrieved on 21 on Retrieved . George Allen & Allen George Columbia . . Pages . . .
.