Is Kentucky a Southern State?
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KENTUCKY C3 TEACHERS HUB 9th Grade Regions Is Kentucky a southern state? Supporting Questions 1. How do Kentucky demographics compare to southern states? 2. How does Kentucky’s economy compare to southern states? 3. How do Kentucky politics compare to southern states? 4. How does Kentucky culture compare to southern states? THIS WORK IS LICENSED UNDER A CREATIVE COMMONS ATTRIBUTION- NONCOMMERCIAL- SHAREALIKE 4.0 INTERNATIONAL LICENSE. 1 KENTUCKY C3 TEACHERS HUB 9th Grade Regions Inquiry Is Kentucky a southern state? Kentucky Academic SS-HS-4.1.1 Students will use a variety of geographic tools (maps, globes, photographs, models, satellite images, charts, Standards for graphs, databases) to explain and analyze the reasons for distribution of physical and human features on Earth’s surface. Social Studies Staging the Use a blank political map to identify which states are considered southern. Discuss these identifications in relationship Compelling to the article “Where is the South?” Question Supporting Question 1 Supporting Question 2 Supporting Question 3 Supporting Question 4 How do Kentucky How does Kentucky’s How do Kentucky politics How does Kentucky culture demographics compare to economy compare to compare to southern states? compare to southern states? southern states? southern states? Formative Performance Task Formative Performance Task Formative Performance Task Formative Performance Task Create a Venn diagram that Add to the Venn diagram Add to the Venn diagram Add to the Venn diagram explains how specific information on how information on how information on how the population demographic data Kentucky’s employment, Kentucky politics compare to politics of Kentucky compare compares to southern states. occupation, industry, and Southern states in a local and to southern states in a local Make a two-sentence claim household income compares national context. Make a and national context. Make a supported by evidence that to southern states. Make a two-sentence claim two-sentence claim answers the extent to which two-sentence claim supported by evidence that supported by evidence that Kentucky’s demographics supported by evidence that answers the extent to which answers the extent to which make it a southern state. answers the extent to which Kentucky’s politics make it a Kentucky’s culture makes it a Kentucky’s economy make it southern state. southern state. a southern state. Featured Sources Featured Sources Featured Sources Featured Sources Source A: Quick Beta Facts Source A: American Source A: This November, Source A: Is Kentucky a US Census Community Survey US Census Will Kentucky Stop Voting Southern State? Like It’s 1865? NPR Courier-Journal Magazine Source B: Up in Arms, Tufts Source B: Where Does the Magazine South Begin? The Atlantic Source C: 270 to Win: Historical Presidential Elections ARGUMENT Is Kentucky a southern state? Construct an argument (e.g., detailed outline, poster, essay) that addresses Summative the compelling question using specific claims and relevant evidence from contemporary sources while acknowledging Performance competing views. Task EXTENSION Create an infographic that visually displays whether or not Kentucky is a southern state. UNDERSTAND Research and discuss the implications of being considered a southern state. Taking ASSESS Examine the Kentucky Tourism website and assess the extent to which the website portrays Kentucky as a Informed southern state, and whether or not the depictions are accurate representations of the state. Action ACT Draft a letter to the Kentucky Tourism board that addresses the strengths of the website and suggestions for what needs to be changed to present a more accurate version of Kentucky to the world. THIS WORK IS LICENSED UNDER A CREATIVE COMMONS ATTRIBUTION- NONCOMMERCIAL- SHAREALIKE 4.0 INTERNATIONAL LICENSE. 2 KENTUCKY C3 TEACHERS HUB Overview Inquiry Description This inquiry leads students through an investigation of regionalization by studying Kentucky. By investigating the compelling question about whether or not Kentucky is a southern state, students will need to consider how the study of Kentucky provides a unique lens for thinking about the “what” and “where” of the south. In investigating the people and cultural characteristics of Kentucky and states more ‘solidly’ recognized as southern, students develop techniques to become more geo-literate, and begin to be able to evaluate the extent to which Kentucky is southern. Structure of the Inquiry In addressing the compelling question, “Is Kentucky a southern state?” students will work through a series of supporting questions, performance tasks, and sources in order to construct an argument with evidence and counter evidence from a variety of sources. Staging the Compelling Question The inquiry opens with students investigating the where and what of the south. Using a blank political map of the United States teachers will have students outline the states that they believe are southern. Students should then be prompted to think about what criteria they use in order to delineate whether a state should be considered southern. Next, the teacher would want to prompt a discussion on which states were most and least likely to be considered southern. After the discussion, the teacher may want to have students examine the article “Which States are in the South?” from FiveThirtyEight. This article examines how people who identified as “southern” view other states (only half viewed Kentucky as southern). From this the teacher could name the compelling question as well as have students name ‘solidly’ southern states with which to compare Kentucky. These states identified here should be used as the baseline for comparison during the whole inquiry. Supporting Question 1 The supporting question, “How do Kentucky demographics compare to southern states?” helps students establish a foundational understanding of Kentucky’s relationship to the south through the lens of population demographics. The formative performance task calls on students to create a Venn diagram that explains how THIS WORK IS LICENSED UNDER A CREATIVE COMMONS ATTRIBUTION- NONCOMMERCIAL- SHAREALIKE 4.0 INTERNATIONAL LICENSE. 3 KENTUCKY C3 TEACHERS HUB the population demographics of Kentucky compare to southern states. Next, using the Venn diagram students will create a two-sentence claim statement that answers the supporting question. Teachers will want students to keep track of the Venn diagram, as they will be adding to it throughout the inquiry. The demographic data comes from the United States Census Bureau and is accessible to students through the Quick Beta Facts site on Census.gov. Supporting Question 2 By answering the supporting question, “How does Kentucky’s economy compare to southern states?” students build on their understanding of Kentucky by moving into the study of economic characteristics of the state by analyzing the American Community Survey database. The data from this survey is conducted by the United States Census Bureau and examines economic demographics for states and communities. The formative task for this supporting question asks students to add to their Venn diagram from Supporting Question 1, this time comparing the economy of Kentucky to southern states. Students will then create a two- sentence claim statement that answers the supporting question. Supporting Question 3 By answering the supporting question, “How do Kentucky politics compare to southern states?” students will work to understand the dominant political ideology that has contributed to Kentucky’s identity. Building on their knowledge of population demographics as well as economic characteristics, this formative task calls on students to examine documents that describe the dominant political ideologies of Kentucky and southern states at state and national scales, and thus represents a rise in complexity as students are examining evidence that is more abstract then the nominal census data used in the first two supporting questions. Students will then add to their Venn diagram from the first two supporting questions, this time comparing the politics of Kentucky to southern states. From this information, student will create a two-sentence claim that answers the supporting question. Featured Source A is an article and video from National Public Radio titled “This November, Will Kentucky Stop Voting Like It’s 1865?” and examines what the dominant political ideology is in Kentucky, as well as how it has and continues to change. The second source is from Tufts Magazine and is titled “Up in Arms.” The article examines how dominant political ideologies of different regions were formed through history and geography. The last source is a set presidential election maps. With the source students will be able to compare voting patterns of Kentucky and Southern states at the national level. Supporting Question 4 Having examined the demographic, economic, and political characteristics of Kentucky and the south in previous tasks, students will be asked to answer the supporting question “How does Kentucky culture compare to southern states?” The formative task requires students to collect and use a multitude of sources THIS WORK IS LICENSED UNDER A CREATIVE COMMONS ATTRIBUTION- NONCOMMERCIAL- SHAREALIKE 4.0 INTERNATIONAL LICENSE. 4 KENTUCKY C3 TEACHERS HUB to describe if Kentucky’s culture is southern. Students will add the information to their Venn diagram as they have done in the previous supporting questions. Next, students will create a two-sentence claim that answers