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Foreign Internal Defense Joint Publication 3-22 T OF THE N A E W E' L L I S D E F E R H N D M T M T Y R • A P A E C D I U • R N E I T M E A D F S O TAT E S Foreign Internal Defense 17 August 2018 PREFACE 1. Scope This publication provides joint doctrine to plan, conduct, assess, and support foreign internal defense. 2. Purpose This publication has been prepared under the direction of the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff (CJCS). It sets forth joint doctrine to govern the activities and performance of the Armed Forces of the United States in joint operations, and it provides considerations for military interaction with governmental and nongovernmental agencies, multinational forces, and other interorganizational partners. It provides military guidance for the exercise of authority by combatant commanders and other joint force commanders (JFCs), and prescribes joint doctrine for operations and training. It provides military guidance for use by the Armed Forces in preparing and executing their plans and orders. It is not the intent of this publication to restrict the authority of the JFC from organizing the force and executing the mission in a manner the JFC deems most appropriate to ensure unity of effort in the accomplishment of objectives. 3. Application a. Joint doctrine established in this publication applies to the Joint Staff, commanders of combatant commands, subordinate unified commands, joint task forces, subordinate components of these commands, the Services, and combat support agencies. b. The guidance in this publication is authoritative; as such, this doctrine should be followed unless exceptional circumstances dictate otherwise. If conflicts arise between the contents of this publication and the contents of Service publications, this publication will take precedence unless the CJCS, normally in coordination with the other members of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, has provided more current and specific guidance. Commanders of forces operating as part of a multinational (alliance or coalition) military command should follow multinational doctrine and procedures ratified by the United States. For doctrine and procedures not ratified by the US, commanders should evaluate and follow the multinational command’s doctrine and procedures, where applicable and consistent with US law, regulations, and doctrine. For the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff: DANIEL J. O’DONOHUE Lieutenant General, USMC Director, Joint Force Development i Preface Intentionally Blank ii JP 3-22 SUMMARY OF CHANGES REVISION OF JOINT PUBLICATION 3-22 DATED 12 JULY 2010 • Updates the text to align with the new Joint Publication (JP) 3-20, Security Cooperation. • Synchronizes the use of foreign security force with JP 3-20. • Clarifies the role of Air Force Special Operations Command combat aviation advisor in foreign internal defense (FID). • Enhances the discussion of commander’s communication synchronization, public affairs, defense support to public diplomacy, and information operations. • Enhances the text to include discussions about the importance of threat networks in FID. • Incorporates discussion about countering violent extremism association with FID, violent extremist organization, and the whole-of-government and international proactive actions. • Incorporates discussion concerning Chief, National Guard Bureau, roles in accordance with (IAW) Title 10, United States Code, Section 342. • Includes discussion of information as a joint function. • Clarifies planning and execution of FID in permissive, uncertain, and hostile environments. • Enhances discussion of humanitarian and civic assistance coordination for supporting projects, IAW Department of Defense Instruction 2205.02, Humanitarian and Civic Assistance Activities. • Adds text concerning the importance of multinational support and planning for multi-domain and transregional associations FID. iii Summary of Changes Intentionally Blank iv JP 3-22 TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ............................................................................................... ix CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION General ........................................................................................................................ I-1 Foreign Internal Defense ............................................................................................. I-2 Relationship of Foreign Internal Defense to Internal Defense and Development ...... I-3 Foreign Internal Defense and the Instruments of National Power .............................. I-7 Security Cooperation ................................................................................................ I-14 Foreign Internal Defense Within the Range of Military Operations ........................ I-17 Foreign Internal Defense Categories ........................................................................ I-18 CHAPTER II INTERNAL DEFENSE AND DEVELOPMENT General .......................................................................................................................II-1 Construct ....................................................................................................................II-1 Functions ....................................................................................................................II-2 Tenets of Effective Foreign Internal Defense Operations .........................................II-4 Organizational Guidance ...........................................................................................II-6 CHAPTER III ORGANIZATION AND RESPONSIBILITIES General ..................................................................................................................... III-1 National-Level Organizations .................................................................................. III-3 Combatant Commands ............................................................................................. III-5 Subordinate Unified Commands .............................................................................. III-7 Joint Task Forces ..................................................................................................... III-9 The United States Diplomatic Mission and Country Team ..................................... III-9 Multinational Foreign Internal Defense Force ....................................................... III-12 Nongovernmental Organization Coordination ....................................................... III-12 CHAPTER IV PLANNING General ..................................................................................................................... IV-1 Planning Imperatives ............................................................................................... IV-2 Department of Defense Guidance ............................................................................ IV-4 Theater Planning Requirements ............................................................................... IV-6 Planning Procedures and Considerations ................................................................. IV-7 Planning for Force Protection ................................................................................ IV-12 Foreign Internal Defense Assessment .................................................................... IV-15 United States Foreign Internal Defense Capabilities ............................................. IV-15 v Table of Contents CHAPTER V TRAINING Section A. Training Joint Forces ................................................................................... V-1 General ...................................................................................................................... V-1 Training, Knowledge, and Skills Needed for Success .............................................. V-1 Foreign Internal Defense Training Strategy ............................................................. V-3 Section B. Training Host Nation Forces ........................................................................ V-4 Training Plan ............................................................................................................. V-4 Training and Advising .............................................................................................. V-5 CHAPTER VI OPERATIONS Section A. Employment Considerations ....................................................................... VI-1 General ..................................................................................................................... VI-1 Employment Factors ................................................................................................ VI-1 Health Service Support ............................................................................................ VI-8 Section B. Indirect Support ........................................................................................... VI-9 General ..................................................................................................................... VI-9 Security Assistance ................................................................................................ VI-10 Joint and Multinational Exercises .......................................................................... VI-12 Exchange Programs ............................................................................................... VI-12 Section C. Direct Support (Not Involving United States Combat Operations) .......... VI-13 General ..................................................................................................................
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