Frost Fairs, Sunspots and the Little Ice Age
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
UK FROST) : a Multicentre, Pragmatic, Three-Arm, Superiority Randomised Clinical Trial
This is a repository copy of Management of adults with primary frozen shoulder in secondary care (UK FROST) : a multicentre, pragmatic, three-arm, superiority randomised clinical trial. White Rose Research Online URL for this paper: https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/161540/ Version: Accepted Version Article: (2020) Management of adults with primary frozen shoulder in secondary care (UK FROST) : a multicentre, pragmatic, three-arm, superiority randomised clinical trial. The Lancet. pp. 977-989. ISSN 0140-6736 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31965-6 Reuse This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs (CC BY-NC-ND) licence. This licence only allows you to download this work and share it with others as long as you credit the authors, but you can’t change the article in any way or use it commercially. More information and the full terms of the licence here: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/ Takedown If you consider content in White Rose Research Online to be in breach of UK law, please notify us by emailing [email protected] including the URL of the record and the reason for the withdrawal request. [email protected] https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/ “This report has been submitted to the editorial office at NETSCC and may undergo substantive change during its passage through the editorial process - therefore please do not quote, copy or cite”. Title Management of adults with primary frozen shoulder in secondary care: the UK FROST randomised controlled trial with economic -
Major Life Events of Robert Frost
Major Life Events of Robert Frost: 1874 – Robert Frost is born in San Francisco on March 26 to William Prescott Frost Jr., a journalist from New Hampshire, and Isabelle Moodie, a schoolteacher from Scotland. “I know San Francisco like my own face…It’s where I came from, the first place I really knew…[It is] the first place in my memory, a place I still go back to in my dreams.”1 Named after General Robert E. Lee, whom his father admired. 1876 – Robert’s sister Jeanie is born. 1881 – Enters public school in the second grade, “excelling in geography and writing2. Later left elementary school after the third grade. “A pattern was put in place early in his life that would play out in distinct ways later on. Organized education, as he later said, was ‘never [his] taste.’”3 1885 – William Frost dies of tuberculosis. The Frost family is called back to the East Coast by William’s family for his funeral. “Frost absorbed from his father a great deal, including a feral drive to make something of himself, to exercise influence, to feel the world bending to his will…Frost’s lifelong…passion to excel and win in whatever he did [was] also a legacy from his father.”4 1885 – Frost family moves to New England. They first live with William Frost’s family in Lawrence, Massachusetts. Frost recalled, “At first I disliked the Yankees. They were cold. They seemed narrow to me. I could not get used to them.”5 1886 – Isabelle begins teaching at a school in Salem, a school which her two children also attend. -
Psychiatric Illness
THE LAW COMMISSION LIABILITY FOR PSYCHIATRIC ILLNESS CONTENTS Paragraphs Page SECTION A: INTRODUCTION AND THE PRESENT LAW 1.1-1.15 1 PART I: INTRODUCTION 2.1-2.66 9 PART II: THE PRESENT LAW 9 1. TWO GENERAL PRECONDITIONS FOR RECOVERY 2.3-2.11 9 (1) A recognisable psychiatric illness 2.3 10 (2) The test of reasonable foreseeability 2.4-2.11 10 (a) Reasonably foreseeable psychiatric illness 2.4-2.9 (b) The distinction between a primary and a secondary victim and the 2.10-2.11 12 test of reasonably foreseeable personal injury (whether physical or psychiatric) 2. WHO MAY RECOVER? 2.12-2.51 13 (1) Cases where the plaintiff suffers psychiatric illness as a result of 2.13-2.46 13 his or her own imperilment (or reasonable fear of danger) or as a result of the physical injury or imperilment of another caused by the defendant (a) The plaintiff is within the area of reasonably foreseeable physical 2.13-2.15 13 injury (b) The plaintiff is not actually in danger but, because of the sudden 2.16-2.18 14 and unexpected nature of events, reasonably fears that he or she is in danger (c) The defendant causes the death, injury or imperilment of a person 2.19-2.33 16 other than the plaintiff, and the plaintiff can establish sufficient proximity in terms of: (i) his or her tie of love and affection with the immediate victim; (ii) his or her closeness in time and space to the incident or its aftermath; and (iii) the means by which he or she learns of the incident (i) a close tie of love and affection 2.25-2.27 19 (ii) physical and temporal proximity 2.28-2.29 -
The Development of the Law on Psychiatric Injury in the English Legal System
The New Zealand Postgraduate Law e-Journal | Issue 4 THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE LAW ON PSYCHIATRIC INJURY IN THE ENGLISH LEGAL SYSTEM GERALD SCHAEFER1 ABSTRACT: This article is concerned with the development of the law on compensation for psychiatric injuries in the English legal system. The rules regarding compensation in such cases have been created solely by the courts over the last century, and this study focuses mainly on decisions from the House of Lords. Despite several decades of legal activity in this field, the law is still not settled. Judges are faced with complex questions involving ethics, business interests, public policy considerations and advancing medical science. This mix of conflicting criteria has led to a situation where it is virtually impossible to predict if a claim for damages fulfils even the basic requirements of the law. Aware of this situation, the courts have often called for Parliament to end the uncertainty, but these calls have gone unanswered. The aim of this article is to point out the inconsistencies and drawbacks of the current situation, analyse how the process of law making under the Common Law System has led to the current situation, and argue for intervention by Parliament to resolve the unsettled issues. I INTRODUCTION This article deals with the law concerning compensation for psychiatric illness in England, commonly also known as nervous shock. The rules governing the awarding of damages in this area have been developed solely by the courts over the last century, but this development is still ongoing. Particularly in the last 15 years, triggered mainly by cases in the wake of the disaster at Hillsborough Stadium in Sheffield, which left 96 spectators dead, there has been a renewed controversy concerning who is entitled to recover for psychiatric harm and who is not. -
Travel to Work in Nottingham: an Analysis of Environmental Impacts and Mitigating Policies
This is a repository copy of Travel to Work in Nottingham: An Analysis of Environmental Impacts and Mitigating Policies. White Rose Research Online URL for this paper: http://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/4489/ Monograph: Leith, A.L. (2007) Travel to Work in Nottingham: An Analysis of Environmental Impacts and Mitigating Policies. Working Paper. The School of Geography, The University of Leeds School of Geography Working Paper 07/7 Reuse Unless indicated otherwise, fulltext items are protected by copyright with all rights reserved. The copyright exception in section 29 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 allows the making of a single copy solely for the purpose of non-commercial research or private study within the limits of fair dealing. The publisher or other rights-holder may allow further reproduction and re-use of this version - refer to the White Rose Research Online record for this item. Where records identify the publisher as the copyright holder, users can verify any specific terms of use on the publisher’s website. Takedown If you consider content in White Rose Research Online to be in breach of UK law, please notify us by emailing [email protected] including the URL of the record and the reason for the withdrawal request. [email protected] https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/ (Working Paper 07/07) Travel to Work in Nottingham: An Analysis of Environmental Impacts and Mitigating Policies Allan Leith Version 1.0 November 2007 All rights reserved School of Geography, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, United Kingdom This Working Paper is an online publication and may be revised. -
The Development of the Law on Psychiatric Injury in the English Legal System
The New Zealand Postgraduate Law e-Journal | Issue 4 THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE LAW ON PSYCHIATRIC INJURY IN THE ENGLISH LEGAL SYSTEM GERALD SCHAEFER1 ABSTRACT: This article is concerned with the development of the law on compensation for psychiatric injuries in the English legal system. The rules regarding compensation in such cases have been created solely by the courts over the last century, and this study focuses mainly on decisions from the House of Lords. Despite several decades of legal activity in this field, the law is still not settled. Judges are faced with complex questions involving ethics, business interests, public policy considerations and advancing medical science. This mix of conflicting criteria has led to a situation where it is virtually impossible to predict if a claim for damages fulfils even the basic requirements of the law. Aware of this situation, the courts have often called for Parliament to end the uncertainty, but these calls have gone unanswered. The aim of this article is to point out the inconsistencies and drawbacks of the current situation, analyse how the process of law making under the Common Law System has led to the current situation, and argue for intervention by Parliament to resolve the unsettled issues. I INTRODUCTION This article deals with the law concerning compensation for psychiatric illness in England, commonly also known as nervous shock. The rules governing the awarding of damages in this area have been developed solely by the courts over the last century, but this development is still ongoing. Particularly in the last 15 years, triggered mainly by cases in the wake of the disaster at Hillsborough Stadium in Sheffield, which left 96 spectators dead, there has been a renewed controversy concerning who is entitled to recover for psychiatric harm and who is not. -
North East England: Climate
North East England: climate This describes the main features of the climate of NE England, the area east of the Pennine watershed from the Scottish border southwards to South Yorkshire. It comprises the counties of Northumberland, Tyne and Wear, Durham, North, West and South Yorkshire and the unitary authorities in the former county of Cleveland. The topography of the northern half of the area is characterised by generally west to east sloping land, crossed by a number of eastwards- draining rivers including the Tyne, Wear and Tees. Further south, the River Ouse crosses the Vale of York, with tributaries such as the Wharfe, Aire, Nidd and Don. These all have their sources in the Pennines, a chain of rolling gritstone moors rising to well over 600 metres and reaching their highest point at Cross Fell (893 metres). The Pennines form a natural barrier to east-west communications, but there are the Tyne gap linking Carlisle and Newcastle and the Aire gap linking Lancashire and Yorkshire. The other significant area of high ground is the North York Moors, rising to over 400 metres. The major population and industrial centres tend to be associated with the rivers and include Sheffield and Leeds in industrial South and West Yorkshire, Middlesbrough on Tees-side, Sunderland at the mouth of the Wear and Newcastle-upon-Tyne. In contrast, the Vale of York is a farming area with cereals and the Yorkshire Dales are important for sheep farming. The Dales, North York Moors and cities such as York and Durham are also important for tourism. The area's western and eastern boundaries are the main influence on its climate. -
South Yorkshire Residential Design Guide 2011
SOUTH YORKSHIRE RESIDENTIAL DESIGN GUIDE 2011 INTEGRATED VITAL, ACTIVE AND WELL MANAGED EQUITABLE, COHESIVE, INCLUSIVE AND SAFE LOCAL, DISTINCTIVE AND ATTRACTIVE EFFICIENT, FLEXIBLE AND ADAPTABLE Metropolitan Borough Council SOUTH YORKSHIRE RESIDENTIAL DESIGN GUIDE SOUTH YORKSHIRE RESIDENTIAL DESIGN GUIDE January 2011 Prepared by studio | REAL for Transform South Yorkshire Barnsley Metropolitan Borough Council Doncaster Metropolitan Borough Council Rotherham Metropolitan Borough Council Sheffield City Council Preparation of this document has involved a number of workshops with a range of stakeholders and collaborative working with Transform South Yorkshire and the four local authorities: Barnsley Metropolitan Borough Council, Doncaster Metropolitan Borough Council, Rotherham Metropolitan Borough Council and Sheffield City Council. All Ordnance Survey mapping reproduced in this document is © Crown Copyright, all rights reserved, and reproduced under the Local Authority Licence 100018816, 2010. All other imagery in this document is the copyright of studio | REAL unless otherwise stated. Transform South Yorkshire Peter O’Brien Planning and Design Advisor 25 Carbrook Hall Road Sheffield S9 2EJ T 0114 2735401 F 0114 2734587 E peter.o’[email protected] Metropolitan Borough Council SOUTH YORKSHIRE RESIDENTIAL DESIGN GUIDE Contents 1 INTRODUCTION 1 2 WORKING WITH THE GUIDE 7 3 THE DESIGN GUIDELINES 35 4 TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS 128 Ap APPENDICES 197 I INDEX 233 SOUTH YORKSHIRE RESIDENTIAL DESIGN GUIDE Detailed contents 1 INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 -
The Great Snow of Winter 1614/1615 in England
The ‘Great Snow’ of winter 1614/1615 in England Lucy Veale,a archival documents and literary sources. The Archbishop of York, Tobie Matthew, 1 73, No. – JanuaryVol. 2018, Weather a This paper uses these archival narratives to conscientiously trying to keep his preaching Georgina Endfield provide a detailed picture of the 1614/1615 engagements around York and noting the and James Bowenb snow event, including its temporal and geo- circumstances in his journal (Manley, 1981, aDepartment of History, graphical extent, societal and environmen- p. 8), recorded 7 weeks of frost and snow, tal effects and subsequent inscription into never the like Seen in England, with exceed- University of Liverpool the cultural memory. ing great Fluddes of Water by the Thawe b Department of Geography and (in Loxley et al., 2014, p. 55). The register Planning, University of Liverpool for Almondbury in West Yorkshire sup- The great snow of 1614/1615: ports Matthew’s account, recording snow Extreme weather in England’s magnitude, extent and duration far exceeding that in 1540 in magnitude parish registers Heavy snows have been a spectacular yet and duration (in Cox, 1910, p. 206). Deaths disruptive meteorological force through his- attributed to the snow in the registers for In an essay on the use of archives for mete- tory, with the subsequent effects of such Almondbury, Elland, Halifax, Kirklington, orological research (and in which he refer- events, and responses to them, varying Monk Fryston, and Otley indicate that the enced the 1614/1615 snow), Gordon Manley through time and place (Table 1). In Britain, weather in Yorkshire must have been very expressed his fear that many who work on snow is capable of giving a remarkable severe at the end of January and begin- collections of papers may not be aware of amount of trouble in this normally mild coun- ning of February, before a slight ease in the value of regular or detailed notes on the try (Manley, 1955, p. -
Sheffield State of Nature Report
Foreword Despite a childhood in the West Midlands and a career now based in the West Country, I’ve always had a special connection to the city of Sheffield. My father’s side of the family were all born and bred in Britain’s city of steel, you see, and I have clear recollection of countless trips up to Shiregreen to visit my Nan and Aunty. Reporting on the wildlife for The One Show and Inside Out has enabled me to travel all over the UK, but it is the filming trips up to South Yorkshire that I particularly enjoy. In essence it’s like dropping in on an old friend. An impressive statistic I recently learnt about my dad’s city is that it has more trees per person than any other urban conurbation in Europe. But to understand why this city has such green credentials you need to look beyond the trees. With an estimated two million trees Sheffield also houses or borders an impressive array of habitats in addition to the woodland, ranging from clean rivers to internationally important moorlands and urban parks to ancient hay meadows. This Sheffield State of Nature 2018 report is about marking a moment in time. In the year 2018, it’s crucial for us to know what we’ve actually got. In essence, how are our local habitats and species faring in modern Britain? Inevitably the report will be an uncomfortable read in places, as it both records the decline or even loss of certain species and charts the continued degradation or fragmentation of key habitats. -
Mineral Resources Report for Merseyside
Mineral Resource Information in Support of National, Regional and Local Planning: Merseyside (comprising City of Liverpool and Boroughs of Knowsley, Sefton, St Helens and Wirral). Commissioned Report CR/05/129N BRITISH GEOLOGICAL SURVEY COMMISSIONED REPORT CR/05/129N Mineral Resource Information in Support of National, Regional and Local Planning: Merseyside (comprising City of Liverpool and Boroughs of Knowsley, Sefton, St Helens and Wirral). D J Minchin, F M McEvoy, D J Harrison, D G Cameron, D J Evans, G K Lott, S F Hobbs and D The National Grid and other E Highley. Ordnance Survey data are used with the permission of the Controller of Her Majesty’s Stationery Office. Ordnance Survey licence number This report accompanies the 1:100,000 scale map: GD 272191/2005 Merseyside (comprising City of Liverpool and Boroughs of Knowsley, Sefton, St Helens and Wirral). Key words Merseyside, Mineral Resources, Mineral Planning Cover illustration Cronton Quarry, Merseyside. Photo by courtesy of Ibstock Brick Ltd Bibliographical reference MINCHIN, D J, MCEVOY, F M, HARRISON, D J, CAMERON, D G, EVANS, D J, LOTT, G K, HOBBS, S F AND HIGHLEY, D E. 2006. Mineral Resource Information in Support of National, Regional and Local Planning: Merseyside (comprising City of Liverpool and Boroughs of Knowsley, Sefton, St Helens and Wirral). British Geological Survey Commissioned Report, CR/05/129N. 23pp © Crown Copyright 2006 Keyworth, Nottingham British Geological Survey 2006 BRITISH GEOLOGICAL SURVEY The full range of Survey publications is available from the BGS Keyworth, Nottingham NG12 5GG Sales Desks at Nottingham and Edinburgh; see contact details 0115-936 3241 Fax 0115-936 3488 below or shop online at www.thebgs.co.uk e-mail: [email protected] The London Information Office maintains a reference collection www.bgs.ac.uk of BGS publications including maps for consultation. -
1861 - Census - England & Wales Nottinghamshire - Basford - Greasley - Selston
1861 - Census - England & Wales Nottinghamshire - Basford - Greasley - Selston Toad Hole, Barrows Green, Westwoodville, Brake Road, Portland Wharf, Jacksdale Row, The Bents & Lea Lane Special Thanks to Jean Berrisford of Selston who has kindly transcribed this information HOUSES No. of Road, Street In- Un -In Name and Surname of each Relation Age of Schedule House No habited habited Person to Head of Condition Rank, Profession, or Occupation Where Born Family Males Females 133 Toad Hole 1 John White Head Mar 47 Agricult Labourer Derbys Shirland Mary White Wife Mar 48 Lincs Grantham Henry do Son Un 17 Labourer at Ironworks Notts Farnsfield Job do do do 10 Scholar Derbys Somercotes John do do do 7 do Notts Greasley James do do do 4 do do do 134 do do 1 William Swain Head Mar 26 Coal Miner Derbys South Normanton Ann do Wife Mar 24 Notts Selston John C Son Un 2 do do William do do do 6ms do do 135 do do 1 William Stanley Head Mar 69 Labourer at Ironworks Derbys Ripley Elizth do Wife Mar 50 do Somercotes 136 do do 1 Saml Waterall Head Mar 68 Farmer of 35 acres Notts Selston Martha do Wife Mar 64 do do William do Son Mar 41 Farmers Son do do Ann do Sons Wife Mar 39 do & Sons Wife do do Sarah do Grandaughter Un 12 Scholar do do Mary do do do 12 do do do 137 do do Thos Woodcock Head Mar 31 Iron Turner Derbys Codnor Park Ann do Wife Mar 33 Notts Selston 138 Toad Hole 1 Mary Clark Head Widow 61 Farmer of 106 Acres Employing 1 Man 1 Boy Notts Selston William do Son Un 29 Farmers Son do do Christopher do do do 26 Wheelwrightt do do Elizabeth do Dau