Index of Diff erential Diagnoses, by Case

A Amiodarone therapy, 26 Autosomal dominant polycystic kid- Aberrant internal carotid artery, 117 Amniotic band syndrome, 219, 222 ney disease, 66, 160, 214 Aberrant right subclavian artery, 173, Amniotic shelves, 222 Autosomal recessive polycystic kidney 175, 245 Amphetamine abuse, 233 disease, 214 Abscess Amyloid angiopathy, 141 appendiceal, 40 Amyloidosis, 24, 44 B breast, 278, 279, 288, 292, 299, Anal atresia, 162 Bacterial tracheitis, 161 300 Analgesic nephropathy, 56, 58 Benign prostatic hypertrophy, 69 CNS, 128, 149 Anaplastic astrocytoma, 126 Beta-hemolytic streptococcal pneu- dental, 109 Anencephaly, 219 monia, 151 hepatic, 29, 30, 157, 186, 189 Aneurysmal bone , 93, 94, 97 Bicornuate uterus, 184 , 122 Angiodysplasia, 244 Bicuspid aortic valve, 243 oral cavity, 120 Angiomyolipoma, 51, 52, 73, 180, 239 Biliary atresia, 260 pharyngeal, 108 Angiosarcoma, 23 Biliary cystadenoma, 29 pulmonary, 3 Ankylosing spondylitis, 80 Biliary obstruction, 248, 258 renal, 52, 53, 160, 190 Annular pancreas, 165, 209 Bladder exstrophy, 218 retroperitoneal, 54 Annuloaortic ectasia, 243 Bladder rupture, 70 retropharyngeal, 111, 161 Anorectal malformation, 162 Blood clot (GU), 63, 65, 246 Achalasia, 33 Anterior meningocele, 167 Bone cyst, 93 Achondroplasia, 164, 166 Anticonvulsant therapy, 146 Bone infarct, 89 ACL tear, 320 Aortic aneurysm, 11 Brain death, 268 Acquired immunodefi ciency syn- Aortic occlusion, 235 Brainstem glioma, 131 drome cholangiopathy, 50 Aortic transection, 249 Branchial cleft cyst, 105, 122 Acrania, 219 Apical petrositis, 124 Breast calcifi cations, 279, 280, 281 Acro-osteolysis, 90 Appendiceal carcinoma, 40 Breast carcinoma, 281, 283, 284, 285, Acute disseminated encephalomyeli- Appendicitis, 40, 194 286, 287, 290, 292, 293, 295, 296, tis, 126, 127, 128, 147 Aqueductal stenosis, 211 297, 298, 299, 300 Acute renal cortical necrosis, 55 Arachnoid cyst, 133, 134 Breast cyst, 283, 288, 300 Acute respiratory distress syndrome, Arcuate uterus, 184 Breast MRI enhancement patterns, 15 Arnold-Chiari malformation, 135, 203, 277 Acute tubular necrosis, 228 211 Bronchial obstruction, 18 Adenoid cystic carcinoma, 105, 169 Arrhythmogenic right ventricular Bronchioloalveolar cell carcinoma, Adenomyomatosis, 191, 193 dysplasia, 25 13 Adenomyosis, 182 Arteriovenous fi stula, 113, 226, 239, Bronchogenic carcinoma, 1, 234, 264, Adnexal mass, 31, 40, 167, 188, 194, 240 270, 275 317 Arteriovenous malformation, 1, 132, Bronchogenic cyst, 11, 156 Adrenal adenoma, 72 135, 141, 234, 239, 240, 242 Brown fat, 324 Adrenal hemorrhage, 72, 158 Asbestosis, 7, 17 Budd-Chiari syndrome, 27, 271 Adrenal myelolipoma, 72, 73 Ascariasis, 248 Buerger disease, 229 Adrenocortical carcinoma, 72, 158 Aspergillosis, 15, 18, 21 Adynamic ileus, 46 Asphyxiating thoracic dysplasia, 164 C Agenesis of the corpus callosum, 144, Aspirated foreign body, 161, 169, 175 Caff ey disease, 78 211 Asthmatic attack, 9 Candida, 34, 49, 63, 65, 189, 196 Airway obstruction, 9 Astrocytoma, 137, 147, 148, 150, 166 Carbon monoxide poisoning, 140 Alcohol abuse, 146 Asymmetric breast tissue, 294 Carcinoid tumor, 41, 169, 234, 267 Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergil- Atherosclerosis, 227, 229, 231, 232, Cardiac fi broma, 210 losis, 18 235, 236, 250 Cardiac mass, 23, 24 Alport syndrome, 55 Atrial myxoma, 23 Carotid artery aneurysm, 110, 241, Alveolar proteinosis, 13, 15 Atrial septal defect, 155 242 Alveolar sarcoidosis, 14 Atrioventricular canal defect, 155, Carotid artery pseudoaneurysm, 110, Alzheimer disease, 263 225 113

697 698 Index of Diff erential Diagnoses, by Case

Carotid artery stenosis, 227 Congenital cystic adenomatoid mal- Didelphus uterus, 184 Carotid body tumor, 110 formation, 156, 174, 204, 220 Diff use axonal injury, 142 Carotid-cavernous fi stula, 103 Congenital diaphragmatic hernia, 174, Disc extrusion, 149 Castleman disease, 11, 285 204, 220 Dissection, 113, 227, 231, 232, 235, Cavernous malformation, 132, 135, Congenital heart disease, 152, 153, 243, 249 141 154, 155 Distal esophageal pulsion diverticu- Cecal carcinoma, 40 Congenital lobar emphysema, 174, lum, 28 Cecal volvulus, 304 204 Diverticulitis, 43, 244, 272 Celiac sprue, 46 Congenital pulmonary airway malfor- Diverticulosis, 244 Central neurocytoma, 145 mation, 156, 174, 204, 220 Double aortic arch, 173, 175, 245 Cerebello-olivary degeneration, 146 Congestive heart failure, 15, 291 Double outlet right ventricle, 153, Cerebellopontine angle mass, 134 Connective tissue disorder, 233, 243, 212 Chest wall abnormality, 9 285 Down syndrome, 86, 201, 224 Chiari malformation, 135, 203, 211 Contusion (CNS), 128, 141 Drop metastasis, 138 Cholangiocarcinoma, 29, 30, 50, 199, Cord contusion, 147 Drug toxicity, 7 248 Cord ischemia, 147 Ductal carcinoma in situ, 281, 289, Cholangitis, 50, 199 Corpus callosal lesion, 142 293, 296 Cholecystitis, 193, 258 Corpus luteal cyst, 181 Duodenal atresia/stenosis, 165, 209 Choledochal anomaly, 31, 199 Cortical nephrocalcinosis, 55 Duodenal web, 165 Choledocholithiasis, 199, 248 Corticosteroid use, 172 Duplicated inferior vena cava, 238 Cholelithiasis, 318 CPPD arthropathy, 81, 84, 91 Duplication cyst (GI), 31, 167, 175, Cholesteatoma, 117, 124 Craniopharyngioma, 130, 241 194, 202 Cholesterol granuloma, 117, 124 Crohn disease, 37, 42, 43, 44 Dural arteriovenous fi stula, 240 Chondroblastoma, 100 Cross-fused renal ectopia, 64 Dural ectasia, 166 Chondrocalcinosis, 81, 84 Croup, 161 Dwarfi sm, 164, 166 Chondrodysplasia punctata, 164 Cryptococcosis, 150 Dysembryoplastic neuroectodermal Chondrosarcoma, 89, 109, 112, 124 Cryptogenic organizing pneumonia, tumor, 148 Chordoma, 112 13, 14 Dysmyelinating disease, 127 Chorioamniotic separation, 222 Crystal defect, 273 Dystrophic breast calcifi cations, 280 Choroid plexus carcinoma, 145 Crystalline arthropathy, 81, 91 Choroid plexus cyst, 197, 224 CSF pulsations, 240 E Choroid plexus papilloma, 145 Cyclosporine toxicity, 228 Ebstein anomaly, 153 Choroid plexus tumor, 145 Cystic adventitial disease, 236 Echogenic intracardiac focus, 210 Chronic eosinophilic pneumonia, 13 Cystic cochleovestibular anomaly, 119 Ectopic kidney, 64 Chronic glomerulonephritis, 55 Cystic common cavity, 119 Ectopic pregnancy, 181 Chronic transplant rejection, 55 Cystic fi brosis, 8, 18, 162 Eczema of the breast, 297 Chronic venous stasis, 252 , 122, 213 Edward syndrome, 201, 224 Ciliary dyskinesia, 18 Cystic medial necrosis, 243 Eff ort thrombosis, 230 Circumaortic left renal vein, 238 Cystitis, 71 Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, 233, 243 Circumcaval ureter, 62 Cytomegalovirus, 15 Electronic artifact, 273 Circumvallate placenta, 223 Ellis-van Creveld syndrome, 164 Cirrhosis, 27, 187, 271 D Embolic disease (non-septic), 229, Cleidocranial dysostosis, 86 Dandy-Walker malformation, 133, 235, 236, 250 Clonorchis, 248 203, 211 Emphysema, 6 Coarctation of the aorta, 243 Dehiscent jugular bulb, 117, 123 Emphysematous cholecystitis, 191 Coats disease, 114 Demyelinating disease, 126, 127, 128, Emphysematous cystitis, 311 Cocaine abuse, 104 137, 142, 147 Empyema, 20 Coccidioidomycosis, 1, 2, 3, 4, 11, 16 Dermal calcifi cations, 280 Encephalocele, 213, 219 Cochlear aplasia, 119 Dermoid, 120, 167, 317 Encephalomalacia, 136 Colitis, 43, 244, 272 Desmoid tumor, 41 Enchondroma, 89, 93 Collagen vascular disease, 7, 81, 229 Desmoplastic infantile glioma, 148 Endobronchial lesion, 264 Collimator defect, 273 Developing asymmetry, 294 Endobronchial spread of tumor, 5 Colloid cyst, 145, 266 Diabetes, 58 Endocardial cushion defect, 155, 225 Colon carcinoma, 43, 244 Diaphragmatic eventration, 220 Endometrial carcinoma, 182, 183 Confl uent hepatic fi brosis, 27 Dichorionic/diamnionic twin preg- Endometrial hyperplasia, 183 Congenital adrenal hyperplasia, 158 nancy, 205 Endometrial polyps, 183 Index of Diff erential Diagnoses, by Case 699

Endometrioma, 188, 319 Fibrolamellar hepatocellular carci- Glioblastoma multiforme, 128, 141, Endstage renal disease (hemodialysis), noma, 48 142, 242 66 Fibromuscular dysplasia, 227, 232, Gliomatosis cerebri, 126, 139 Enteritis, 272 250 Glomerulonephritis, 55 Enthesioneuroblastoma, 121 Fibrosarcoma, 77 Glomus jugulare, 123 Eosinophilic pneumonia, 13, 14 Fibrosing mediastinitis, 264 Glomus tumor, 110, 117, 123 Ependymoma, 131, 135, 137, 145, Fibrosing mesenteritis, 41 Glomus tympanicum, 117 147, 166, 240 Fibrosis, 295 Glomus vagale, 110 Epidermal inclusion cyst, 298 Fibrothorax, 17, 20 Glycogen storage disease, 26 Epidermoid cyst, 120, 134, 171, 315 Fibrous dysplasia, 76, 93, 97, 170, 256, Gold therapy, 26 Epididymo-orchitis, 192 274 Gout, 81, 83, 91, 96 Epidural abscess, 149 Fibrous tumor of the pleura, 20 Gradenigo syndrome, 124 Epidural hematoma, 149 Focal nodular hyperplasia, 48, 178, Graft-versus-host disease, 163 Epidural lipomatosis, 149 271 Granulomatous disease, 1, 2, 3, 4, 11, Epiglottitis, 161 Foramen ovale, 225 49, 196, 267, 270, 275, 285 Epiphrenic diverticulum, 28 Foreign body aspiration, 9, 161, 169, Gynecomastia, 292 Epiploic appendagitis, 305 175 Erosive osteoarthritis, 82 Free technetium 99m, 254, 262 H Esophageal atresia, 175 Friedreich ataxia, 146 Hajdu-Cheney syndrome, 90 Esophageal carcinoma, 32, 33, 34, 35, Frostbite, 229 Hamartoma, 1, 282, 287 45 Functional immaturity of the colon, Hemangioblastoma, 132, 135, 137, 240 Esophageal pseudodiverticuli, 28, 34 162 Hemangioendothelioma, 157 Esophageal stricture, 33 Fungal disease, 1, 2, 3, 4, 11, 16, 21, 49, Hemangioma, 48, 96, 101, 109, 111, Esophageal ulcers, 35 196, 267, 270, 275 120, 121, 161, 178, 210 Esophageal varices, 32 Fungal sinusitis, 104 Hemarthrosis, 91 Esophagitis Fungus ball, 63, 65, 246 Hematocele, 179, 237 Candida, 34 Furosemide therapy (newborn), 56 Hematoma caustic, 35, 45 breast, 278, 279, 288, 292, 299, 300 drug-induced, 34, 35, 45 G groin, 226 iatrogenic, 45 Galactocele, 278, 282 hepatic, 157, 189 radiation, 45 Galactorrhea, 296 Hemochromatosis, 26, 81, 84 refl ux, 32, 33, 34, 35, 45 Gallbladder carcinoma, 193 Hemoglobinopathy, 170 viral, 35 Gallbladder polyp, 193 Hemorrhagic ovarian cyst, 176, 181, Ewing sarcoma, 93, 109, 168, 171, Gallbladder wall edema, 193 188 256 Gallbladder wall infl ammation, 193 Hemosiderosis, 26 Extracapsular implant rupture, 276 Gallium scan, 270 Henoch-Schonlein purpura, 44 Extradural spinal mass, 149 Ganglioglioma, 148 Hepatic adenoma, 48, 178 Extramedullary hematopoiesis, 12 Ganglion cyst, 100 Hepatic congestion, 185 Extraperitoneal bladder rupture, 70 Ganglioneuroma, 12 Hepatic cyst, 29, 30 Extrinsic bladder compression, 65 Gastric carcinoma, 33, 37, 38, 39 Hepatic fi brosis, 27 Gastric ulcer, 37 Hepatic laceration (trauma), 29 F Gastritis, 39 Hepatic pseudotumor, 186 Facial nerve schwannoma, 117 Gastroschisis, 218 Hepatic schistosomiasis, 27 Fat necrosis, 279, 282, 286, 290, 294, Gaucher disease, 170, 172 Hepatitis, 185 300 Gel bleed, 276 Hepatobiliary imaging, 258, 260 Fatty infi ltration of the liver, 178, 189 Genitourinary activity, 259, 262 Hepatoblastoma, 157 Fetal central nervous system (CNS) Germ cell tumor, 10, 129, 130, 167 Hepatocellular carcinoma, 48, 178, anomalies, 216 Germinal matrix hemorrhage, 198 185, 186, 189 Fetal demise, 206, 215 Germinoma, 129 Herpes encephalitis, 139 Fetal gastrointestinal (GI) anomalies, Gestational trophoblastic disease, Heterotopic gray matter, 143 216 183 Hiatal hernia, 11 Fetal hydrops, 216, 221 GI bleed, 262, 272 Hirschsprung disease, 162 Fibroadenoma, 278, 279, 280, 283, GI duplication cyst, 31, 167, 175, 194, Histoplasmosis, 1, 2, 3, 4, 11, 16, 49, 287, 299 202 196 Fibrocystic change, 278, 280, 281, 296 Giant cell arteritis, 231, 235, 250 Holoprosencephaly, 144, 211 Fibroid, 182, 183 Giant cell tumor, 97, 100 Horseshoe kidney, 64 700 Index of Diff erential Diagnoses, by Case

Hydranencephaly, 144 Intradural extramedullary spinal Leptomeningeal carcinomatosis, 125 Hydrocele, 237 mass, 138 Leptomeningeal cyst, 171 Hydrocephalus, 144, 211 Intrahepatic cholestasis, 260 Leukemia, 49, 85, 88, 115, 171, 185, Hydronephrosis, 160 Intramammary lymph node, 283, 200 Hypercalcemia, 56 287 Leukodystrophy, 127 Hypercoagulable states, 187, 230 Intramedullary spinal mass, 137 Limb-body wall complex, 218 Hyperparathyroidism, 84, 90 Intramural hematoma, 249 Limbic encephalitis, 139 Hypersensitivity pneumonitis, 5 Intraosseous ganglion cyst, 100 Lingual , 120 Hypertensive hemorrhage, 132, 135 Intraperitoneal bladder rupture, 70 Lipoid pneumonia, 13 Hyperthyroidism, 255 Intrauterine growth restriction, 215 Lipoma, 25, 282, 292 Hypertrophic gastritis, 39 Intraventricular hemorrhage, 198 Lipomatosis, 62, 68, 149 Hypertrophic osteoarthropathy, 252 Intussusception, 194, 309 Lipomatous hypertrophy, interatrial Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis, 307 Invasive ductal carcinoma, 281, 284, septum, 25 Hypoplastic left heart syndrome, 212 286, 293, 294, 295, 296 Ludwig angina, 120 Hypotension, 57 Invasive lobular carcinoma, 284, 294, Lunate dislocation, 95 Hypothalamic glioma, 130 295 Lung perfusion scan, 254, 264 Hypothalamic hamartoma, 130 Inverted papilloma, 121 Hypothenar hammer syndrome, 229 Iodine thyroid scan, 266 abdominopelvic, 41, 54, 68, 267 Hypothyroidism, 86 Iron deposition, 26 axillary, 285 Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, Ischemia (biliary), 50 mediastinal, 11, 16 140, 198 Ischemic colitis, 43, 244 neck, 110, 122, 261, 269 Ischemic enteritis, 42 parotid, 105, 106 I Islet cell tumor, 36, 267 retropharyngeal, 111 Idiopathic Madelung deformity, 87 Lymphangioleiomyomatosis, 6 Idiopathic pulmonary fi brosis, 7 J Lymphangioma, 101, 109, 111, 120, Idiopathic Wormian bones, 86 Jeune syndrome, 164 122, 167 Ileal atresia, 162 Joubert syndrome, 133, 203 Lymphangitic spread of tumor, 19 Ileus, 46 Juvenile angiofi broma, 121 , 284, 291 Iliac artery aneurysms, 68 Juvenile chronic arthritis, 91 Lymphocytic interstitial pneumonitis, Immune hydrops, 221 Juvenile pilocystic astrocytoma, 131, 6, 19 Implant herniation, 276 135 Lymphoepithelial lesions, 106 Implant rupture, 276 Indium 111-labeled WBC scan, 272 K bone, 76, 77, 85, 256 Infantile cortical hyperostosis, 78 Kaposi sarcoma, 21 breast, 285, 298 Infarct (CNS), 125, 128, 132, 135, 136, Kernicterus, 140 cecum, 40 139, 140, 141, 150 Killian-Jamison diverticulum, 28 chest, 10, 11, 12, 16, 19, 21, 270 Infectious bronchiolitis, 5 CNS, 126, 128, 142 Infectious colitis, 43, 244, 272 L esophageal, 32 Inferior vena cava occlusion, 238, 240 Labyrinthine ossifi cans, 119 gastric, 37, 38, 39 Infi ltrated dose, 253 Lactating adenoma, 278 hepatic, 185, 186, 189 Infl ammatory bowel disease, 42, 43, Lacunar infarction, 150 neck, 108, 111, 124 80, 262, 272 Langerhans cell histiocytosis, 8, 76, 77, orbital, 101, 107, 115 Infl ammatory breast cancer, 284, 297 85, 93, 94, 97, 100, 168, 171 pancreatic, 36 Infl ammatory colitis, 244 Large vestibular aqueduct syndrome, parotid, 105 Infl ammatory polyp, 169 119 renal, 51, 52, 159, 190 Innominate artery compression syn- Laryngotracheal papillomatosis, 169 retroperitoneal, 54 drome, 173 Laryngotracheobronchitis, 161 sinuses, 104 Insuffi ciency fracture, 99 Lasix therapy (newborn), 56 small bowel, 40, 42, 44 Internal jugular venous thrombosis, Lateral hypopharyngeal diverticulum, splenic, 49, 196 110 28 testicular, 200 Intracapsular implant rupture, 276 Le Fort fracture, 102 Lymphoproliferative disorder, 19 Intracranial hypotension, 116, 135 Left upper lobe collapse, 301 Intraductal papillary mucinous tumor, Left ventricular aneurysm, 22 M 47 Legg-Calve-Perthes disease, 172 Madelung deformity, 87 Intraductal papilloma, 283, 287, 288, Leigh syndrome, 140 MAG 3 renal scan, 265 289, 296 Leiomyoma, 182, 183 Malrotation, 165, 209 Index of Diff erential Diagnoses, by Case 701

Mammary ductal ectasia, 289, 296 mesenteric, 41 Neonatal pneumonia, 152 Marchiafava-Bignami disease, 142 neck, 110, 122, 261, 269 Nephrectomy, 60 Marginal insertion of the cord, 217 nodal, 111 Nephroblastomatosis, 159 Mastectomy, 9 orbital, 101 Nephrolithiasis, 63, 65, 246 Mastitis, 284, 297, 298 pancreas, 36 Nerve sheath tumor, 103, 109, 110, Maternal diabetes mellitus, 216 pulmonary, 1, 2, 3, 4, 11, 16, 20, 122, 138 MCA distribution cerebral infarction, 234, 275 Neuroblastoma, 12, 158, 267 313 renal, 52, 190 Neuroblastoma metastases, 88, 171 Meckel diverticulum, 194, 259 skull base, 112, 123, 124 Neurocystocercosis, 150 Meckel-Gruber syndrome, 214 small bowel, 42, 44 Neuroendocrine tumor, 267 Meconium aspiration, 152 splenic, 49, 196 Neuroenteric cyst, 12 Meconium ileus, 162 ureteral, 63 Neurofi broma, 109, 110, 138 Median arcuate ligament syndrome, Meyer dysplasia, 172 Neurogenic tumor, 12 250 Microabscesses, 49 Neuroglial cyst, 150 Mediastinal hematoma, 12 Microvascular ischemic disease, 126 Neutropenic colitis, 163 Mediastinal lymphadenopathy, 11, 16 Midcarpal dislocation, 95 Nipple adenoma, 297 Mediastinal mass Midgut volvulus, 165, 209 Nipple discharge, 296 anterior, 10 Milk of calcium, 281, 325 Nodal metastases, 111 middle, 11 Misaligned SPECT images, 251 Nonaccidental trauma, 308 posterior, 12 Mitochondrial disorder, 140 Medullary carcinoma, 61, 293 Monochorionic/diamnionic twin preg- O Medullary nephrocalcinosis, 56 nancy, 205 Obstruction (urinary), 57, 58, 74, Medullary sponge kidney, 56 Monochorionic/monoamnionic twin 246 Medulloblastoma, 131, 135 pregnancy, 205 Octreoscan, 267 Mega cisterna magna, 133 Moyamoya disease, 242 Off -peak gamma camera, 253 Megacava, 238 Mucinous carcinoma, 293 Oil cyst, 279, 280, 282 Megacystis-microcolon-intestinal hy- Mucinous cystadenoma, 47 Oligodendroglioma, 148 poperistalsis (MMIH) syndrome, Mucocele, 40, 124 Oligohydramnios, 215 207 Mucoepidermoid, 105, 108, 169 Omphalocele, 218 MELAS, 140 Mucopolysaccharidosis, 166 Oncocytoma, 51, 239 Ménétrier disease, 39 Mucus plug, 264 Optic nerve glioma, 115, 130 Meningioma, 101, 103, 115, 123, 129, Multicystic dysplastic kidney, 53, 160 Optic nerve sheath meningioma, 115 134, 138, 145, 241, 242 Multi-infarct dementia, 263 Optic neuritis, 115 Meningitis, 116, 125 Multilocular cystic nephroma, 53, 61, Orbital pseudotumor, 107 Meningocele, 167 160 Orbital wall blowout fracture, 102 Meniscal tear (“bucket handle”), 322 Multiple hereditary exostoses, 170 Osmotic demyelination, 140 Mesenchymal hamartoma, 157 Multiple myeloma, 76 Osteoarthritis, 80, 81, 82 Mesenteric adenitis, 194 Multiple sclerosis, 126, 127, 128, 142, Osteoblastoma, 94 Mesenteric cyst, 31 147 Osteogenesis imperfecta, 86 Mesial temporal sclerosis, 316 Multivessel coronary artery disease, Osteoid osteoma, 77, 257, 274 Mesoblastic nephroma, 159 251 Osteomalacia, 255 Mesothelioma, 20, 41 Mycobacterium avium complex, 5, 18 Osteomyelitis, 76, 77, 78, 85, 88, 89, Metabolic disease, 86, 255 Mycotic emboli, 233 94, 168, 171, 257, 274 Metastatic disease, 267 Myelofi brosis, 79 Osteopetrosis, 79, 170 adrenal, 72 Myelomeningocele, 202, 213, 219 Osteopoikilosis, 98 biliary, 50 Myeloproliferative disorder, 255 Osteosarcoma, 109, 168 bone, 76, 79, 85, 88, 93, 94, 98, 168, Myocardial infarction/scar, 24 Ovarian cyst, 31, 167, 176, 181, 188 255, 256 Myocarditis, 24 Ovarian dermoid, 167, 317 breast, 285, 292 Myositis (orbital), 107 Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome, cardiac, 23 Myositis ossifi cans, 96 177 CNS, 116, 126, 128, 132, 135, 137, Ovarian neoplasm, 176, 188 138, 141, 143, 149 N Ovarian torsion, 176, 177 gastric, 37, 38, 39 Necrotizing enterocolitis, 306 Oxalosis, 55 hepatic, 27, 29, 30, 157, 178, 185, Necrotizing pneumonia, 174 186, 189 Neointimal hyperplasia, 247 P hypervascular, 48, 234 Neonatal hepatitis, 260 Pachymeningitis, 116 702 Index of Diff erential Diagnoses, by Case

Paget disease, 79, 98, 255, 256 Plasma cell granuloma, 156 Pulmonary artery aneurysm, 11, 234 Paget disease of the nipple, 297 Plasmacytoma, 112 Pulmonary artery atresia, 264 Paget-von Schroetter syndrome, 230 Pleomorphic adenoma, 105, 108, 169 Pulmonary artery hypertension, 11 Pancreatic adenocarcinoma, 36, 37, Pleurodesis, 17 Pulmonary artery stenosis, 264 199, 248 Pneumobilia, 185 Pulmonary atresia, 153 Pancreatic pseudocyst, 31, 47 Pneumoconiosis, 4, 5, 8, 16, 19 Pulmonary contusion, 14 Pancreatitis, 199, 248 Pneumocysitis pneumonia, 6, 15, 21 Pulmonary edema, 15 Papillary carcinoma, 278, 289, 293, Pneumonia, 1, 15, 275 Pulmonary embolism, 9, 264 296 Pneumothorax, 9 Pulmonary hemorrhage, 15 Papillary necrosis, 56, 58, 246 Poland syndrome, 9 Pulmonary hypoplasia, 151 Papilloma, 169, 283, 287, 288, 289, Polyarteritis nodosa, 233 Pulmonary infarct, 14 296 Polycystic ovarian syndrome, 177 Pulmonary nodule Paraganglioma, 110, 117, 123, 267 Polyhydramnios, 216 cavitary, 3 Paraneoplastic syndrome, 146 Poor radiopharmaceutical prepara- centrilobular, 5 Parasitic , 248 tion, 253 miliary, 4 Parathyroid adenoma, 195, 261 Popliteal artery aneurysm, 236 multiple, 2 Parkinson disease, 263 Popliteal artery entrapment syn- perilymphatic, 19 Parotid carcinoma, 105 drome, 236 solitary, 1 Patau syndrome, 201 Popliteal artery occlusion, 236 Pulmonary sling, 173, 175, 245 Patent ductus arteriosus, 155 Porcelain gallbladder, 191 Pyelonephritis, 52, 57, 58, 60, 67 Pathologic fracture, 99 Porencephalic cyst, 136, 197 Pyeloureteritis cystica, 63 Pelvic hematoma, 68 Portal hypertension, 187 Pyocele, 179, 237 Pelvic infl ammatory disease, 176 Portal venous gas, 185 Pyonephrosis, 59 Pentalogy of Cantrell, 218 Posterior shoulder dislocation, 321 Peptic ulcer disease, 38 Posterior urethral valves, 207, 215 R Pericardial cyst, 11, 22 Postinfectious urethral stricture, 75 Radial fold, 276 Pericarditis, 22 Postsurgical changes (breast), 284, Radial scar, 286, 290 Perilunate dislocation, 95 286, 290, 295 Radiation injury, 231, 250, 284 Perinephric hemorrhage, 67 Postsurgical changes (ureter), 62 Radiolucent calculi, 63, 65 Perineural spread of tumor, 103 Postsurgical changes (vagotomy), 33 , 120 Periosteal reaction, 78 Post-transplant arterial ischemia, 50 Rathke cleft cyst, 130 Periportal infection/infl ammation, Post-transplant lymphoproliferative Raynaud disease, 229 187 disorder, 19, 163 Reactive arthropathy, 80, 82, 83 Periventricular leukomalacia, 197, Preduodenal portal vein, 165 Refl ex sympathetic dystrophy, 257 198 Premature rupture of membranes, Refl ux esophagitis, 32, 33, 34, 35, 45 Persistent hyperplastic primary vitre- 215 Refl ux nephropathy, 60 ous, 114 Primary megaloureter, 74 Regenerating nodular cirrhosis, 271 PET scan, 275, 324 Primary sclerosing cholangitis, 50, Renal agenesis, 215 Petrositis, 124 248 Renal artery aneurysm, 233 Pheochromocytoma, 72, 158, 267 Progressive multifocal leukoencepha- Renal artery stenosis, 228, 265 Photomultiplier tube failure, 273 lopathy, 126, 127 Renal calculi, 63, 65, 246 Phyllodes tumor, 299 Prostaglandin therapy, 78 Renal cell carcinoma, 51, 52, 53, 59, Physiologic periosteal reaction, 78 Prostate adenocarcinoma, 69 61, 73, 159, 180, 190, 239 Pick disease, 263 Prostatitis, 69 Renal contusion, 57 Pigmented villonodular synovitis, 91, Proximal esophageal pulsion diver- Renal cyst, 53, 180, 190 92 ticulum, 28 Renal duplication, 64 Pineal cell tumor, 129 Prune-belly syndrome, 74, 207 Renal failure, 291 Pineal cyst, 129 Pseudoaneurysm, 113, 226, 249 Renal infarct, 60 Pineoblastoma, 129 Pseudoangiomatous stromal hyper- Renal osteodystrophy, 79, 255 Pineocytoma, 129 plasia, 294 Renal tubular acidosis, 56 Pituitary macroadenoma, 112, 241 Pseudodiverticulosis (esophageal), Renal vein thrombosis, 57, 58, 228 Placenta accreta, 217 28, 34 Respiratory bronchiolitis-associated Placenta increta, 217 Pseudomembranous colitis, 163 interstitial lung disease, 5 Placenta percreta, 217 Psoas muscle hypertrophy, 62, 68 Respiratory syncytial virus, 15 Placenta previa, 217 Psoriasis, 291 Retained activity, 254 Placental venous lakes, 223 Psoriatic arthropathy, 80, 82, 83, 90 Retained products of conception, 183 Index of Diff erential Diagnoses, by Case 703

Retinoblastoma, 114 Silicosis, 8, 16 Temporal bone fracture, 118 Retinopathy of prematurity, 114 Single ventricle, 154 Teratoma, 10, 167, 202, 210, 213 Retroaortic left renal vein, 238 Sinonasal carcinoma, 104 Terminal ileitis, 42, 43 Retrocaval ureter, 62 Sinonasal polyps, 121 Testicular cyst, 200 Retroperitoneal fi brosis, 54, 62 Sjögren syndrome, 106 Testicular fracture, 192 Retroperitoneal hemorrhage, 54 Skeletal dysplasia, 87 Testicular hematoma, 192 Retroperitoneal liposarcoma, 54, 73 Skin thickening, 284, 291 Testicular neoplasm, 200 Retroperitoneal sarcoma, 54, 73 Small bowel hemorrhage, 44 Testicular torsion, 192 Retroplacental hematoma, 223 Small bowel obstruction, 46 Tetralogy of Fallot, 153, 212 Rhabdomyoma, 23, 210 Solid and papillary epithelial neo- Thalassemia, 170 Rhabdomyosarcoma, 23, 109, 121, plasm, 36, 47 Thanatophoric dysplasia, 164 202 Speed kidney, 233 Thoracic outlet syndrome, 229 Rheumatoid arthritis, 2, 3, 7, 80, 81, Spinocerebellar ataxia, 146 Thoratrast, 26 82, 83, 92 Splenic infarcts, 49 Thornwaldt cyst, 108 Rickets, 86, 88 Sporadic olivopontocerebellar atrophy, Thromboangiitis obliterans, 229 Right aortic arch with aberrant left 146 Thrombus (cardiac), 23 subclavian artery, 173, 175, 245 Squamous cell carcinoma, 3, 108, 109, Thymic lesion, 10 Right-to-left shunt, 254 120, 124 Thyroglossal duct cyst, 120, 122, 195 Ring enhancing lesion, 128 Staghorn calculus, 59 Thyroid adenoma, 261, 266 Round atelectasis, 302 Status epilepticus, 139 Thyroid associated orbitopathy, 107 Round pneumonia, 1, 156 Steatocystoma multiplex, 298 Thyroid carcinoma, 195, 261, 266, “Rugger jersey” spine, 79 Stress fracture, 274 267 Striated nephrogram, 57 Thyroid lesion, 10, 195, 261 S Stroke, 125, 128, 132, 135, 136, 139, Thyroid nodule, 195 Sacral insuffi ciency fracture, 323 140, 141, 150 TIPS dysfunction, 247 Sacrococcygeal teratoma, 167, 202 Stromal fi brosis, 294 TIPS thrombosis, 247 Sacroiliitis, 80 Sturge-Weber syndrome, 314 Tolosa-Hunt syndrome, 103 Salivary gland neoplasm, 105, 108, Subarachnoid hemorrhage, 125 TORCH , 78, 143, 197, 198 169 Subchorionic hematoma, 223 Tortuous internal carotid artery, 111 Salpingitis isthmica nodosa, 312 Subclavian steal, 310 Total anomalous pulmonary venous Sarcoidosis, 8, 11, 14, 16, 19, 24, 27, Subclavian vein occlusion, 230 return, 154 49, 103, 106, 107, 115, 116, 125, Subdural hemorrhage, 116 Toxic shock syndrome, 185 267, 270, 275 Subendocardial ischemia, 251 Toxocariasis, 114 Sarcoma (retroperitoneal), 54, 73 Subependymal cyst, 197 Tracheoesophageal fi stula, 175 Sarcoma (soft tissue), 96, 109 Subependymal giant cell astrocytoma, Traction diverticulum (midesopha- Schistosomiasis, 27, 71 145 gus), 28 Schizencephaly, 136, 144 Subependymoma, 145 Transient ischemic dilatation, 251 Schwannoma, 103, 109, 110, 117, 122, Succenturiate lobe, 223 Transient tachypnea of the newborn, 123, 134, 138, 240 Sulfur colloid scan, 271 152 Scimitar syndrome, 303 Superior vena cava syndrome, 271, Transitional cell carcinoma, 51, 59, 61, Scleroderma, 7, 33, 46, 90, 96 284, 291 63, 65, 71, 246 Scurvy, 88 Superscan, 255 Transplant rejection, 55, 228 Sebaceous cyst, 298 Suprasellar mass, 130, 241 Transposition of the great arteries, Septated uterus, 184 Surfactant defi ciency, 151 154, 212 Septic arthritis, 80, 83, 87, 91 Swyer-James syndrome, 9 Transverse myelitis, 147 Septic emboli, 2, 3, 233 Synovial (osteo)chondromatosis, 92, Trauma, 78, 87, 90, 99, 172, 187, 229, Sequestration, 156, 158, 204, 220 96 233, 236, 243, 257 Sequestrum, 77 Synovial cyst, 149 Tricuspid atresia, 153, 154 Seroma, 288 Syphilis, 88 Tripod fracture, 102 Serous cystadenoma, 47 System lupus erythematosis, 7, 81 Trisomy 13, 201, 214 Sestamibi imaging, 261 Systolic dysfunction, 251 Trisomy 18, 201, 224 Severe hepatocellular disease, 258, Trisomy 21, 86, 201, 224 260 T Truncus arteriosus, 154, 212 Shin/quadriceps splints, 252 Tagged Tc-RBC scan, 262 Tuberculosis, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 8, 11, 16, Shock bowel, 163 Takayasu arteritis, 231, 235, 250 18, 21, 42, 49, 56, 58, 71, 94, 196, Sickle cell anemia, 58, 170, 172 Tc99m-HMPAO scan, 268 267, 270, 275 704 Index of Diff erential Diagnoses, by Case

Tuberous sclerosis, 66, 143 Urinary obstruction, 57, 58, 74, 215, Vermian hypoplasia, 133 Tubo-ovarian abscess, 176, 188 228, 246, 265 Vertebra plana, 85 Tubular carcinoma, 286, 290 Usual interstitial pneumonia, 7 Vertebral body scalloping, 166 Tumor thrombus (portal vein), 187 Uterine synechiae, 222 Vesicoureteral refl ux, 74, 207 Tumoral calcinosis, 96 Vestibular schwannoma, 134 Turner syndrome, 87, 201 V Virchow-Robin spaces, 150 Twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome, Vagotomy, 33 von Hippel-Lindau disease, 66 206 Varicella (healed), 4 Two-vessel umbilical cord, 208 Varices (esophageal), 32 W Typhlitis, 163 Varicocele, 179, 237 Warthin tumor, 105, 106 Vascular breast calcifi cations, 281 Wegener disease, 2, 3, 104, 233 U Vascular malformation, 1, 132, 135, Wharton jelly cyst, 208 Ulcerative colitis, 42, 43 141, 234, 239, 240, 242 Whipple disease, 44 Umbilical cord hemangioma, 208 Vascular ring, 173, 175 Wilms tumor, 53, 159, 160 Umbilical cord hematoma, 208 Vascular thrombosis, 110, 113 Wilson disease, 84, 140 Umbilical cord varix, 208 Vasculitis, 15, 60, 126, 229, 231, 233, Wormian bones, 86 Unicameral bone cyst, 93, 97 235, 250 Urachal carcinoma, 71 Velamentous insertion of the cord, X Ureteral obstruction, 74, 246 217 Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis, Urethral carcinoma, 75 Venolymphatic malformation, 109, 59 Urethral injury, 70, 75 111, 120, 121, 122 Urethral stricture, 75 Venous stasis, 252 Z Urethral trauma, 75 Ventricular septal defect, 155, 225 Zenker diverticulum, 28 Urinary extravasation, 67 Ventriculomegaly, 144, 211 Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, 38 Index of Key Findings

Note: The index is ordered by case number within each section.

I Chest and Cardiac Imaging 42— Terminal ileal wall thickening the interphalangeal joints 1— Solitary pulmonary nodule 43— Colonic wall thickening 83— Erosive arthropathy involving the 2—Multiple pulmonary nodules 44— Small bowel wall thickening foot 3— Cavitary pulmonary nodule 45— Esophageal stricture 84— Chondrocalcinosis 4— Miliary pulmonary nodules 46— Small bowel dilatation 85— Vertebra plana in a child 5— Centrilobular pulmonary nodules 47— Cystic pancreatic mass 86 –Wormian bones 6— Cystic lung disease 48— Hypervascular liver mass 87— Madelung deformity 7— Lower lobe interstitial disease 49— Multiple splenic masses 88— Lucent metaphyseal bands 8— Upper lobe interstitial disease 50— Intrahepatic biliary ductal stric- 89— Medullary/chondroid lesion 9— Hyperlucent lung tures 90— Acro-osteolysis 10— Anterior mediastinal mass 91— Dense joint eff usion 11— Middle mediastinal mass III Genitourinary Imaging 92— Loose bodies with erosions 12— Posterior mediastinal mass 51— Solid renal mass 93— Expansile rib lesion in a child 13— Chronic air space disease 52— Multiple bilateral renal lesions/ 94— Posterior element lytic lesion 14— Peripheral air-space disease masses 95— Carpal dislocation 15— Ground-glass opacifi cation 53— Cystic renal mass 96— Periarticular soft tissue calcifi ca- 16— Mediastinal/hilar lymphadeno- 54— Retroperitoneal mass tions pathy 55— Cortical nephrocalcinosis 97— Benign expansile lytic lesion 17— Calcifi ed pleural disease 56— Medullary nephrocalcinosis 98— Multiple sclerotic foci in the 18— Bronchiectasis 57— Striated nephrogram pelvis 19— Perilymphatic pulmonary nodules 58— Papillary necrosis 99— Vertebral body wedge fracture 20— Pleural-based mass 59— Staghorn calculus 100— Epiphyseal equivalent lucent 21— Parenchymal disease in an HIV 60— Renal cortical defect lesion patient 61— Renal pelvic mass 22— Abnormal left ventricular contour 62— Medial deviation of the ureters V Head and Neck Imaging 23— Cardiac mass 63— Ureteral fi lling defect 101— Enhancing orbital mass 24— Delayed myocardial enhancement 64— Renal migration anomaly 102— Orbital rim fracture 25— Cardiac wall fat deposition 65— Bladder fi lling defect 103— Cavernous sinus mass/enhance- 66— Bilateral renal ment II Gastrointestinal Imaging 67— Perinephric fl uid collection 104— Aggressive sinus disease with 26— Hyperdense liver 68— Pear-shaped bladder bony destruction 27— Nodular liver contour 69— Prostate enlargement 105— Unilateral parotid mass 28— Esophageal diverticulum 70— Bladder rupture 106— Bilateral parotid masses 29— Solitary hypodense, hypovascular 71— Bladder wall calcifi cations 107— Orbital muscle enlargement liver mass 72— Adrenal mass 108— Pharyngeal mucosal mass 30— Multiple hypoattenuating hepatic 73— Fatty retroperitoneal mass 109— Masticator space mass lesions 74— Dilated ureter 110— Carotid space mass 31— Right upper quadrant cystic mass 75— Urethral stricture 111— Retropharyngeal mass in a child 112— Clival mass 32— Esophageal submucosal masses/ IV Musculoskeletal Imaging 113— Vascular injury to the neck thickened folds 76— Multiple lytic foci 114— Globe lesion in a child 33— Esophageal dilatation 77— Sequestrum 115— Optic nerve enlargement and 34— Esophageal pseudodiverticula 78— Periosteal reaction in a newborn/ enhancement 35— Esophageal ulcers infant 116— Pachymeningeal (dural) enhan- 36— Solid pancreatic mass 79— “Rugger jersey” spine cement 37— Linitis plastica 80— Sacroiliitis 117— Middle ear mass 38— Gastric ulcer 81— Proximal arthropathy aff ecting 118— Temporal bone trauma with 39— Gastric fold thickening primarily the metacarpophalan- mastoid fl uid 40— Cecal mass geal (MCP) joints 119— Inner ear congenital malforma- 41— Mesenteric mass 82— Distal arthritis aff ecting primarily tion

705 706 Index of Key Findings

120— Floor of the mouth mass 157— Liver mass in an infant 197— Periventricular cysts 121— Aggressive nasal mass in an 158— Suprarenal mass in a child 198— Periventricular hyperechoic foci adolescent 159— Solid renal mass 199— Common bile duct (CBD) dila- 122— Cystic neck mass 160— Cystic renal lesion tation 123— Jugular foramen mass 161— Subglottic airway narrowing 200— Enlarged painless testicle 124— Petrous apex lesion 162— Distal bowel obstruction in a 125— Leptomeningeal enhancement neonate IX Fetal Imaging 163— Bowel wall thickening in an 201— Nuchal translucency VI Brain and Spine Imaging immunocompromised child 202— Sacral mass 126— Confl uent white matter lesions 164— Skeletal dysplasia 203— Posterior fossa malformation in an adult 165— “Double bubble” sign 204— Hyperechoic thoracic mass 127— Confl uent white matter lesions 166— Posterior vertebral body scallo- 205— Twin development (chorionicity) in a child ping 206— Twin pregnancy with asymme- 128— Ring-enhancing lesion 167— Presacral mass tric fetal size 129— Pineal region mass 168— Long bone aggressive lesion 207— Enlarged bladder (megacystis) 130— Sellar/suprasellar mass in a child 169— Endobronchial lesion in a child 208— Umbilical cord vascular abnor- 131— Posterior fossa mass in a child 170— Erlenmeyer fl ask deformity mality 132— Posterior fossa mass in an adult 171— Lytic skull lesion in a child 209— “Double bubble” sign 133— Posterior fossa cyst 172— Avascular necrosis (AVN) of the 210— Hyperechoic intracardiac focus 134— Cerebellopontine angle (CPA) femoral head 211— CNS ventriculomegaly mass 173— Vascular anomaly with esopha- 212— Cardiac outfl ow anomalies 135— Cerebellar tonsillar herniation geal and tracheal compression 213— Cystic posterior neck mass 136— CSF-lined cortical cleft 174— Cystic pulmonary mass 214— Enlarged hyperechoic kidneys 137— Enhancing intramedullary spinal 175— Esophageal obstruction in a 215— Oligohydramnios mass neonate 216— Polyhydramnios 138— Intradural extramedullary spinal 217— Placental location abnormality mass VIII Ultrasound Imaging 218— Abdominal wall defect 139— Diff use temporal lobe mass 176— Enlarged ovary 219— Cranial/calvarial defect 140— Increased T2 signal intensity in 177— Enlarged ovary with multiple 220— Diaphragm abnormality basal ganglia/thalami in a child peripheral follicles 221— Fetal hydrops 141— Intraparenchymal hemorrhage 178— Hyperechoic liver mass 222— Linear echoes within the amni- 142— Corpus callosal lesion 179— Complex extratesticular fl uid otic fl uid 143— Subependymal nodules collection 223— Placental abnormality/mass 144— Massive supratentorial CSF colle- 180— Hyperechoic renal mass 224— Choroid plexus cyst ction in a newborn 181— Complex cystic adnexal mass 225— Ventricular septal defect 145— Intraventricular mass with positive HCG 146— Cerebellar atrophy 182— Enlarged heterogeneous uterus X Vascular and Interventional 147— Spinal cord signal abnormality 183— Thickened endometrial stripe Radiology 148— Cortically based enhancing 184— Uterine anomaly 226— Postprocedure arterial abnor- neoplasm 185— “Starry sky” liver mality 149— Epidural spinal mass 186— “Target” lesions in the liver 227— Carotid artery stenosis 150— Prominent periventricular/basal 187— Portal vein thrombosis 228— Failing renal transplant ganglia cystic lesions 188— Cystic adnexal mass with nega- 229— Digital artery occlusion/ischemia tive HCG 230— Subclavian vein occlusion VII Pediatric Imaging 189— Multiple hypoechoic liver 231— Great vessel stenosis 151— Neonatal lung disease with low masses 232— Renal artery stenosis lung volumes 190— Hypoechoic renal mass 233— Intraparenchymal renal artery 152— Neonatal lung disease with 191— Hyperechoic foci in gallbladder aneurysms increased lung volumes wall 234— Hypervascular pulmonary mass 153— Cyanotic infant with decreased 192— Enlarged painful testicle 235— Infrarenal aortic occlusion pulmonary fl ow 193— Gallbladder wall thickening 236— Popliteal artery occlusion 154— Cyanotic infant with increased 194— Right lower quadrant mass in a 237— Extratesticular mass pulmonary vascularity child 238— Inferior vena cava vascular ano- 155— Shunt vascularity 195— Thyroid mass maly/abnormality 156— Solid pulmonary mass 196— Multiple splenic hypoechoic foci 239— Hypervascular renal mass Index of Key Findings 707

240— Prominent paraspinal fl ow voids 267— Focal abdominal uptake on 292— Breast lesion in a man 241— Suprasellar mass in an adult Octreoscan 293— Well-circumscribed breast 242— Hypervascular cerebral mass/ab- 268— Absent intracranial activity on cancer normality Tc99m HMPAO scan 294— Developing asymmetry 243— Aortic dissection 269— Focal neck uptake on an I131 295— Ill-defi ned, infi ltrative breast 244— Lower GI bleeding postablation scan mass 245— Vascular ring/sling 270— Increased mediastinal uptake on 296— Breast lesion with nipple 246— Urinary obstruction a gallium scan discharge 247— TIPS dysfunction 271— Focal increased hepatic uptake 297— Unilateral nipple/skin changes 248— Biliary duct occlusion on sulfur colloid scan 298— Superfi cial breast mass 249— Traumatic aortic injury 272— Focal bowel uptake on an In111- 299— Large breast mass 250— Celiac axis stenosis/occlusion labeled WBC scan 300— Complex cystic mass 273— Focal defect on QC images XI Nuclear Medicine 274— Focal increased activity within XIII Roentgen Classics 251— Transient ischemic dilatation an extremity on bone scan 301— Left upper lobe collapse 252— Symmetric “tram track” cortical 275— Solitary hypermetabolic pulmo- 302— Round atelectasis uptake of the long bones nary lesion on a PET scan 303— Scimitar syndrome 253— Poor-quality bone scan 304— Cecal volvulus 254— Extrapulmonary activity on a XII Breast Imaging 305— Epiploic appendagitis lung perfusion scan 276— Implant defect 306— Necrotizing enterocolitis 255— Superscan 277— MRI enhancement patterns 307— Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis 256— Increased activity and osseous 278— Complex cystic mass in a lacta- 308— Nonaccidental trauma expansion in the pelvis ting woman 309— Intussusception 257— Three-phase positive bone scan 279— Coarse calcifi cations in a partial- 310— Subclavian steal 258— Nonvisualization of gallbladder ly circumscribed mass 311— Emphysematous cystitis on hepatobiliary imaging 280— Benign-appearing calcifi cations; 312— Salpingitis isthmica nodosa 259— Focal intra-abdominal activity rim, punctate, and round forms 313— MCA distribution cerebral on pertechnetate imaging 281— Malignant-appearing calcifi ca- infarction 260— Persistent hepatogram on neo- tions; linear, branching forms 314— Sturge-Weber syndrome natal hepatobiliary imaging 282— Fatty breast lesion 315— Epidermoid 261— Persistent focal cervical uptake 283— Well-circumscribed mass in a 316— Mesial temporal sclerosis on delayed sestamibi imaging premenopausal woman 317— Ovarian dermoid 262— Intra-abdominal activity on 284— Unilateral skin thickening 318— Cholelithiasis Tc99m-RBC scan 285— Axillary lymphadenopathy 319— Endometrioma 263— Decreased cortical FDG activity 286— Mass with central lucency 320— ACL tear in the setting of dementia 287— Well-circumscribed solid breast 321— Posterior dislocation of the 264— Unilateral absent lung perfusion mass shoulder 265— Worsening renal function on 288— Well-circumscribed cystic breast 322— “Bucket handle” tear of the me- MAG 3 renal scan following mass dial meniscus Captopril administration 289— Ductal mass 323— Sacral insuffi ciency fracture 266— Cold nodule on an I123 thyroid 290— Postoperative changes 324— Brown fat scan 291— Bilateral skin thickening 325— Milk of calcium