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CAA WEEK 1 MAY, 2021.Indd CURRENT WEEK: 1 MAY AFFAIRS 2021 WEEKLY MAINS PRELIMS Himalayan Fault INTERNATIONAL India, Japan and Australia GS- I RELATIONS launches Supply Chain Lines and Seismic Resilience Initiative (SCRI) POLITY NCT of Delhi (Amendment) Act Gaps & GOVERNANCE comes into effect ECONOMY ‘Large Area Certification’ Russia’s (LAC) scheme GS- II withdrawal from ENVIRONMENT Genetic study offers good news for endangered Sumatran ISS and launch of rhinoceros Joe Biden’s invites 40 World ROSS Leaders to Leaders Summit on Climate GS- II Clampdown Saudi Arabia launches Saudi of information Green Initiative Two damselfly species tantamount to discovered in Western Ghats SCIENCE & ISRO Joins Hands With ARIES Contempt of Court To Maximise Utilisation Of TECHNOLOGY Data From India’s Mission Stampede in Israel Aditya-L1 GS- III New high-yielding and pest- makes a crowd- resistant variety of soybean: disaster MACS 1407 The Silent Pandemic of Antimicrobial Resistance GS- IV The Ethics of Patenting Coronavirus Vaccine www.iasscore.in Disclaimer The current affairs articles are segregated from prelims and mains perspective, such separation is maintained in terms of structure of articles. Mains articles have more focus on analysis and prelims articles have more focus on facts. However, this doesn’t mean that Mains articles don’t cover facts and PT articles can’t have analysis. You are suggested to read all of them for all stages of examination. CURRENT AFFAIRS ANALYST WEEK- 1 (MAY, 2021) CONTENTS 117Section - A: MAINS CURRENT AFFAIRS Area of GS Topics in News Page No. HISTORY & GS-I Himalayan Fault Lines and Seismic Gaps 02 CULTURE INTERNATIONAL Russia’s withdrawal from ISS and launch of 05 RELATIONS ROSS GS-II POLITY & Clampdown of information tantamount to 07 GOVERNANCE Contempt of Court DISASTER GS-III Stampede in Israel makes a crowd-disaster 09 MANAGEMENT GS-IV ETHICS The Ethics of Patenting Coronavirus Vaccine 13 29Section - B: PRELIMS CURRENT AFFAIRS Area of GS Topics in News Page No. INTERNATIONAL India, Japan and Australia launches Supply 17 RELATIONS Chain Resilience Initiative (SCRI) GS-II POLITY & NCT of Delhi (Amendment) Act comes into 17 GOVERNANCE effect ECONOMY ‘Large Area Certifi cation’ (LAC) Scheme 18 Genetic study offers good news for endangered 19 Sumatran rhinoceros Joe Biden’s invites 40 World Leaders to Leaders 20 ENVIRONMENT Summit on Climate Saudi Arabia launches Saudi Green Initiative 20 Two damselfl y species discovered in Western GS-III 21 Ghats ISRO Joins Hands With ARIES To Maximise Utilisation Of Data From India’s Mission Aditya- 22 L1 SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY New high-yielding and pest-resistant variety of 22 soybean: MACS 1407 The silent pandemic of Antimicrobial Resistance 23 SECTION: A (MAINS) CURRENT AFFAIRS CURRENT AFFAIRS WEEK - 1 (MAY, 2021) WEEKLY HIMALAYAN FAULT LINES AND SEISMIC GAPS CONTEXT A series of earthquakes has hit Assam and major parts of the Northeast, causing extensive damage to the infrastructure. BACKGROUND to the other. The fault surface can be vertical, horizontal or The Indian Plate has produced three north-dipping some arbitrary angle in between. fault systems stacked on each other. These faults in the Himalayas, namely Main How is a fault created? Boundary Thrust (MBT), Main Central Thrust (MCT) A new fault is formed when the stress on the rock and the Himalayan Frontal Thrust (HFT), run along the Himalayan Ranges. is great enough to cause a fracture, and one wall in the fracture moves relative to the other, which The precursice analysis of the earthquake in is caused by compressional/tensional force by the Assam shows that the events are located closer to rising magma from the mantle. Himalayan Frontal Thrust near Kopili Fault. This area isextreme seismically active which falls in Main Himalayan Thrust the highest Seismic Hazard zone V associated with The Main Himalayan Thrust follows a North West- collisional tectonics where Indian plate sub-ducts South East strike and is a décollement beneath the beneath the Eurasian Plate. Himalaya Range, and gently dip towards the north, beneath the Himalayan region. ANALYSIS MHT is the largest active continental mega-thrust fault in the world. What is a fault? Deformation of the crust is also accommodated A fault is a fragmentation or zone of fractures along splay structures including the between two blocks of rock. Faults allow the ! Himalayan Frontal Thrust (HFT) blocks to move relative to each other in different ! Main Boundary Thrust (MBT) directions. ! Main Central Thrust (MCT) This movement of blocks of rock can be rapid, in the form of an earthquake or may occur slowly, Himalayan Thrust which is called as creep. Range of a fault can be few millimeters to Himalayan Frontal Thrust thousands of kilometers. Most faults produce ! The Himalayan Frontal Thrust (HFT), also known repeated displacements over geologic time. as the Main Frontal Thrust (MFT) is a geological During the earthquake disaster, the rock on one fault in the Himalayas that defi nes the boundary side of the fault suddenly falls over with respect between the Indian and Eurasian Plates. Figure 1: Fault 2 www.iasscore.in CURRENT AFFAIRS WEEKLY WEEK - 1 (MAY, 2021) Figure 2: Himalayan Thrust ! The fault can be seen via satellite imagery The fault is exposed on the surface in a NW-SE because it is well expressed on the surface. The direction as it slopes down to the north. It is a youngest and southernmost thrust structure in 2200km longthrust fault that continues along the Himalaya deformation front is Himalayan Himalaya mountain belt. Frontal Thrust. What is seismic gap? ! As the root décollement, it is a splay branch of the Main Himalayan Thrust (MHT). A seismic gap a section of an active fault which has the potential to produce signifi cant earthquake(s). Main Boundary Thrust The rocks at the gap have not slipped from their ! Occurred during the Cainozoin period, the position, compared with other segments along the Main Boundary Thrust (MBT) is one of the same structure in a long time. major Himalayan thrusts, and it is presently incorporated within the Himalayan thrust A hypothesis suggests that over along period of wedge (Lesser and Outer Himalayas) displaced time, the displacement on any segment must be above the Indian lithosphere equal to the displacement experienced by all the other parts of the fault. ! It shows the faulted contact between the Siwalik and the older Murree /Dharamshala beds in the Any large or longstanding gap in displacement is Himalayas of Jammu-Himachal Pradesh. considered to be the fault segment most likely to suffer future earthquakes. ! MBT has been described `unambiguously’ as the southern limit of the Main Himalayan Three main seismic gaps in Himalayas structural unitsin the Darjeeling Himalayas. Assam Gap: between the 1950 Assam and 1934 ! The MBT is considered to be the thrust that Bihar–Nepal earthquake ruptures, this has potential transports older, Gondwana rocks from the to cause at least three great earthquakes. north over the younger, Lower Siwalik rocks to the south. Central Gap: between the 1905 Kangra and 1934 Bihar–Nepal earth-quakes, this has potential to Main Central Thrust cause three great earthquakes. ! The Main Central Thrust is a major faultwhich Kashmir Gap: lies west of the1905Kangra is formed where the Indian Plate has pushed earthquake rupture, this has potential to cause at under the Eurasian Plate along the Himalaya. least two great earthquakes. www.iasscore.in 3 CURRENT AFFAIRS WEEK - 1 (MAY, 2021) WEEKLY CONCLUSION people. Hence it is desirable to stress on the need of earthquake preparedness and enforcement of Due to high population density, urbanization, good construction practices. Seismological and deforestation and unprecedented growth of poor GPS networks in the Himalaya should be installed construction in the Himalayan foothills and Indo- other than the continuing efforts to understand Gangetic plains, scientists are of the view that the earthquake occurrence processes through, it is even the occurrence of a single major earthquake important that early earthquake warning systems will be disastrous for the region. Occurrence of a be installed which may mitigate the risk in high great magnitude earthquake any-where along the population density regions in the Indo-Gangetic Himalayan arc can claim lives of up to 1 million plains, ad-joining the Himalayan arc. ********** 4 www.iasscore.in CURRENT AFFAIRS WEEKLY WEEK - 1 (MAY, 2021) RUSSIA’S WITHDRAWAL FROM ISS AND LAUNCH OF ROSS CONTEXT Russia will launch its own space station in space by 2028 and has named it ROSS (Russian Orbital Service Station) which is seen as a new thread in technology lead space diplomacy countering International Space Station BACKGROUND How International Space Station has benefi ted Earth? In a recent development Russia has announced that it would withdraw from the International Commercializing low-Earth orbit Space Station by 2025, and build its own space ! station that will be functional in the orbit by 2028. For the fi rst time in history of mankind, the market is expressing its intent towards what When the decisions between Russia and USA are research can be conducted aboard under already strained and deteriorating on many fronts, microgravity lab without any government help these two powers are accusing each other of rather, the private companies are investing and militarisation of space and it’s use for non-peaceful raising capital to provide laboratory facilities means. for small payloads and CubeSats, which is bound to make research faster, effi cient and ANALYSIS affordable Growing high-quality protein crystals What is a space station? ! Microgravity allows for optimal growth of the The space station or orbital space station is a unique and complicated crystal structures of satellite cum laboratory cum spacecraft, which is proteins leading to the development of medical capable to support humans on board the spacecraft treatments. Hematopoietic prostaglandin D for an extended time varying upto months.
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