DOCSLIB.ORG

Bibliografia Cărţilor În Curs De Apariţie

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Bibliografia Cărţilor În Curs De Apariţie BIBLIOTECA NAŢIONALĂ A ROMÂNIEI CENTRUL NAŢIONAL CIP BIBLIOGRAFIA CĂRŢILOR ÎN CURS DE APARIŢIE CIP Anul XVIII, nr. 11 noiembrie 2015 Editura Bibliotecii Naţionale a României Bucureşti 2015 Redacţia: Biblioteca Naţională a României Centrul Naţional ISBN-ISSN-CIP Bd. Unirii nr. 22, sector 3 Bucureşti, cod poştal 030833 Tel.: 021/311.26.35 E-mail: [email protected] URL: www.bibnat.ro ISSN = 2284 - 8401 ISSN-L = 1453 - 8008 Responsabil număr: Laura Mărgărit Notă: Descrierile CIP sunt realizate exclusiv pe baza informaţiilor furnizate de către editori. Centrul Naţional CIP nu-şi asumă responsabilitatea pentru modificările ulterioare redactării descrierilor CIP. © 2015 Toate drepturile sunt rezervate Editurii Bibliotecii Naţionale a României. Nicio parte din această lucrare nu poate fi reprodusă sub nicio formă, fără acordul prealabil, în scris, al redacţiei. CIP 3 CUPRINS 0 GENERALITĂŢI...............................................................................................7 004 Calculatoare. Prelucrarea datelor...............................................................8 008 Civilizaţie. Cultură...................................................................................16 01 Bibliografii. Cataloage...............................................................................19 02 Biblioteconomie. Biblioteci.......................................................................20 06 Organizaţii. Asociaţii. Congrese. Expoziţii ...............................................20 070 Ziaristică..................................................................................................22 087.5 Publicaţii pentru copii...........................................................................22 09 Manuscrise. Bibliofilie ..............................................................................26 1 FILOZOFIE......................................................................................................27 11/12 Metafizică.............................................................................................28 13 Filozofia spiritului. Filozofia culturii. Ocultism........................................28 14 Sisteme filozofice ......................................................................................29 159.9 Psihologie .............................................................................................30 16 Logică. Teoria cunoaşterii .........................................................................40 17 Morală. Etică .............................................................................................40 2 RELIGIE...........................................................................................................40 23/28 Religie creştină .....................................................................................49 29 Religii necreştine.......................................................................................63 3 ŞTIINŢE SOCIALE, ECONOMICE ŞI JURIDICE ....................................65 3-05 Categorii de persoane.............................................................................65 311/314 Statistică. Demografie ......................................................................65 316 Sociologie................................................................................................66 32 Politică.......................................................................................................71 323.1 Minorităţi naţionale ..............................................................................75 327 Politică externă ........................................................................................76 33 Economie...................................................................................................78 331 Muncă......................................................................................................80 332 Economie teritorială. Proprietate .............................................................83 334 Forme de organizare şi cooperare în economie .......................................84 336 Finanţe.....................................................................................................84 338 Situaţie economică. Politică economică ..................................................89 339 Comerţ .....................................................................................................91 4 BIBLIOGRAFIA CĂRŢILOR ÎN CURS DE APARIŢIE 34 Drept. Legislaţie. Jurisprudenţă.................................................................94 35.0/354 Administraţie publică ....................................................................112 355/359 Armata. Ştiinţă şi artă militară........................................................114 36 Asistenţă socială. Protecţia consumatorului ............................................116 37 Educaţie. Învăţământ. Timp liber ............................................................118 39 Etnografie. Folclor...................................................................................151 5 ŞTIINŢE TEORETICE ŞI NATURALE.....................................................156 502/504 Ştiinţa mediului înconjurător ..........................................................157 51 Matematică ..............................................................................................159 52 Astronomie. Geodezie .............................................................................167 53 Fizică .......................................................................................................168 54 Chimie .....................................................................................................171 55 Geologie. Meteorologie. Hidrologie........................................................174 57 Biologie ...................................................................................................175 59 Zoologie...................................................................................................180 6 ŞTIINŢE APLICATE....................................................................................181 61 Medicină..................................................................................................181 611/612 Anatomie şi fiziologie ....................................................................181 613/614 Igienă..............................................................................................182 615 Farmaceutică. Terapeutică. Toxicologie................................................185 616/618 Patologie.........................................................................................189 619 Medicină veterinară ...............................................................................198 62 Tehnică. Inginerie....................................................................................199 620 Materiale. Merceologie. Energetică.......................................................200 621 Construcţii de maşini. Electrotehnica ....................................................201 622 Industria minieră....................................................................................203 624/627 Construcţii ......................................................................................204 628 Tehnică sanitară. Tehnica iluminatului..................................................206 629 Tehnica mijloacelor de transport ...........................................................206 630 Silvicultură ............................................................................................208 631/635 Agronomie. Fitopatologie. Horticultură .........................................209 636/639 Zootehnie. Apicultură. Sericicultură. Vânătoare. Pescuit...............213 64 Economie casnică ....................................................................................215 65 Management. Conducere şi organizare....................................................217 654 Telecomunicaţii .....................................................................................224 655 Industrii poligrafice ...............................................................................225 656 Transporturi. Servicii poştale.................................................................225 657 Contabilitate ..........................................................................................227 CIP 5 659 Publicitate. Informaţii............................................................................230 66/68 Industrii şi meserii diverse..................................................................231 69 Materiale şi tehnologii în construcţii .......................................................237 7 ARTĂ. ARHITECTURĂ. DISTRACŢII. SPORT......................................237 71 Urbanism .................................................................................................240 72 Arhitectură...............................................................................................243 73/76 Arte plastice. Desen tehnic .................................................................247 77 Fotografie ................................................................................................251 78 Muzică .....................................................................................................252 791/792 Arta spectacolului...........................................................................256 793 Divertisment ..........................................................................................258
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Integrated Transnational Macroseismic Data Set for the Strongest Earthquakes of Vrancea (Romania)
    Tectonophysics 590 (2013) 1–23 Contents lists available at SciVerse ScienceDirect Tectonophysics journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/tecto Review Article Integrated transnational macroseismic data set for the strongest earthquakes of Vrancea (Romania) Tatiana Kronrod a,⁎, Mircea Radulian b,1, Giuliano Panza c,d, Mihaela Popa b,2, Ivanka Paskaleva e,2, Slavica Radovanovich f,2, Katalin Gribovszki g,2, Ilie Sandu h,2, Lazo Pekevski i,2 a International Institute of Earthquake Prediction Theory and Mathematical Geophysics (IIEPT RAS), Profsoyuznaya str. 84/32, Moscow 117997, Russia b National Institute for Earth Physics, 12 Calugareni str., Magurele, 76900 Bucharest-Magurele, Romania c Dipartimento di Matematica e Geoscienze, Università di Trieste, Via Weiss 2, 34127 Trieste, Italy d The Abdus Salam International Centre for theoretical Physics, strada Costeria, 11, 34014 Trieste, Italy e Central Laboratory for Seismic Mechanics and Earthquake Engineering, (CLSMEE, BAS), “Acad.G.Bonchev” str., Block 3, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria f Seismological Survey of Serbia, Tasmajdan park bb p.fah 16, 11216 Belgrade, Serbia g Geodetic and Geophysical Research Institute, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Csatkai u. 6-8, Sopron H-9400, Hungary h Institute of Geology and Seismology, Academy of Science of Moldova, str. Academiei, 3, Chisinau, Republic of Moldova i Seismological Observatory, P.O. Box 422, 1000 Skopje, Macedonia article info abstract Article history: A unique macroseismic data set for the strongest earthquakes occurring since 1940 in the Vrancea region Received 29 January 2012 is constructed by a thorough review of all available sources. Inconsistencies and errors in the reported data Received in revised form 22 January 2013 and in their use are also analysed.
    [Show full text]
  • Intensity Seismic Hazard Map of Romania by Probabilistic and (Neo)Deterministic Approaches, Linear and Nonlinear Analyses*
    Romanian Reports in Physics, Vol. 63, No. 1, P. 226–239, 2011 EARTH PHYSICS INTENSITY SEISMIC HAZARD MAP OF ROMANIA BY PROBABILISTIC AND (NEO)DETERMINISTIC APPROACHES, LINEAR AND NONLINEAR ANALYSES* GHEORGHE MĂRMUREANU, CARMEN ORTANZA CIOFLAN, ALEXANDRU MĂRMUREANU National Institute for Earth Physics P.O.Box MG-2, RO-077125 Bucharest-Magurele, Romania, E-mail:[email protected] Received September 27, 2010 Abstract. The last zonation seismic map has areas where seismic intensities are under- evaluated (e.g. Dobrogea, Banat etc.), and other areas are over-evaluated. The fundamental unacceptable point of view is that this design code is in peak ground accelerations which generates a lot of drawbacks to civil structural designers and to insurance companies which are paying all damages and causalities in function of earthquake intensity. The mapping is carried out using probabilistic approach and a complex hybrid waveform modeling method which combines the modal summation technique with finite-difference one to describe the seismic waves propagation through an inelastic space from source to free field surface. The result is a new seismic map in intensities by using probabilistic and deterministic approaches, linear and nonlinear seismology and developing the concept of control earthquake to obtain the banana shape of the attenuations curves of the macroseismic intensity along the directions defined by azimuths. Key words: Seismic hazard, probabilistic analysis, (neo)deterministic approach, etalon earthquake, seismic intensity. 1. INTRODUCTION The strong seismic events originating from Vrancea area can generate the most destructive effects experienced in Romania, and may seriously affect high risk man-made structures such as nuclear power plants (Cernavoda, Kosloduj, etc.), chemical plants, large dams and pipelines located within a wide area from Central * Paper nr.581 presented at 14th European Conference on Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Seismology, Ohrid, August 30–September 3, 2010, Macedonia.
    [Show full text]
  • Powerpoint Template
    Colegiul Național ”Ecaterina Teodoroiu” ”1940 Earthquake ” 1 TEAM: “Tarotmagikxoxo” 1. Contents Page 3: Earthquakes in Romania…………… Page 4: 1940 Earthquake(introduction) Page 5: Effects…………………………………………. Page 6: Our opinions…………………..…………….. Page 7: BeSafe!/ Bibliography..…………...…. 2. 2 \ (What is an earthquake? About earthquakes) An earthquake is a fast and violent shaking in the tectonic plates of the Earth, often caused by volcanic activity because of changes or movements of the crust of the Earth. Sudden motion in the crust of the earth leads to huge amounts of energy being released into fractures or defects that cause the Earth to shake. Volcanic-generated earthquakes are considered a form of endogenous processes. Earthquakes are a natural phenomenon, like rain or snow. It affects every part of the Earth and, depending on the effects that they produce, they may be small and unimportant, or they may be catastrophic. The research involved in the study of seismic conditions is called seismology. “Seismo” means shaking in greek. Earthquakes are investigated by scientists named seismologists. Earthquake research reveals that the Earth is not static. The earth's cover is divided into big sections (tectonic plates). These plates are continuously moving, but sluggish. As a consequence, the interaction between them induces a buildup of voltage. This stress is abruptly released, leading to earthquakes from time to time. After the earthquake, released energy is transmitted by seismic waves across the Earth. The first consistent theories of earthquakes were recently formulated. Romania has great seismic potential, an aspect stressed by seismic risk studies and the P100-1 seismic design code provisions. In the seismic zone of Vrancea, Romania at 60-180 km deep, essentially whenever an earthquake with a magnitude greater than 7 can occur.
    [Show full text]
  • New Approach on Seismic Hazard Isoseismal Map for Romania
    Romanian Reports in Physics, Vol. 60, No. 4, P. 1123–1135, 2008 EARTH PHYSICS NEW APPROACH ON SEISMIC HAZARD ISOSEISMAL MAP FOR ROMANIA GHEORGHE MARMUREANU, CARMEN ORTANZA CIOFLAN, ALEXANDRU MARMUREANU National Institute for Earth Physics, Bucharest-Magurele, Romania www.infp.ro; e-mail: [email protected] (Received September 4, 2008) Abstract. The seismicity of Romania comes from the energy that is released by crustal earthquakes, which have a depth not more than 40 km, and by the intermediate earthquakes coming from Vrancea region (unique case in Europe) with a depth between 60 and 200 km. The authors developed the concept of “control earthquake”and equations to obtain the banana shape of the attenuations curves of the macroseimic intensity I (along the directions defined by azimuth Az), in the case of an Vrancea earthquake at a depth 80 < x < 160 km. There were used deterministic and probabilistic approaches, linear and nonlinear ones. The final map is in MMI intensity (isoseismal map) for maximum possible Vrancea earthquake with Richter magnitude, MGR = 7.5. This will avoid any drawbacks to civil structural designers and to insurance companies which are paying all damages and life loses in function of earthquake intensity. Key words: seismic events, isoseimal map, control earthquake, intermediate earthquakes. 1. INTRODUCTION The seismicity of Romania comes from the energy that is released by crustal earthquakes, which have a depth not more than 40 km, and by the intermediate earthquakes coming from Vrancea region (unique case in Europe) with a depth between 60 and 200 km. The crustal earthquakes are clusterd in several epicenter areas: Vrancea, Făgăraú Mountains and Câmpulung, Oradea, Criúana and Maramureú, South and North Dobrogea; to this list we must mention the local earthquake areas like: Jibou, Târnave in Transilvania, North and Western Oltenia, North Moldavia, Romanian Plain, Bârlad depression, intramoesic fault.
    [Show full text]
  • Emil Sever Georgescu
    CONFERENCE VENUE Technical University of Civil Engineering, Bucharest, Romania, 14-17 June, 2017 New Archival Evidence on the 1977 Vrancea, Romania Earthquake and its Impact on Disaster Management and Seismic Risk Emil-Sever Georgescu, PhD, Scientific Director, Senior Researcher, National Institute for Research and Development - URBAN-INCERC, Bucharest, Romania Karin Steinbrueck , PhD, Independent Scholar, Evanston IL, USA, Antonios Pomonis, The World Bank, Disaster Management Specialist, 1. Introduction 1. The March 4, 1977 Vrancea earthquake impact was known gradually from Romanian Communist Party (RCP) and Romanian Government communiqués, as well as from local mass-media, along the first month. Soon after March 4, teams of foreign specialists and press reporters arrived in Romania. • The local and international engineering community was well informed about its consequences and lessons learnt: - In Reports of ICCPDC-INCERC, ICB/TUCEB, IPB, IPCT, IP Carpati, Counties IPJ, and CFPS; - in mass-media and books in Romanian such as Buhoiu, 1977, - in international reports and papers as Fattal et al. , 1977, Jones, 1977, 1986, Berg et al. , 1980 and the World Bank, 1978, 1983; JICA, 1977, etc. 1 • Appreciation of prompt countermeasures, quick restoration of critical facilities and infrastructure, good behavior of the majority of structures designed according to the 1963 and 1970 seismic codes, all were emphasized. • There was a political context around the earthquake impact. The engineering community knew only a small part of the whole picture. • In 1979, Radio Free Europe broadcast how since July 4th, 1977 the regime imposed local repairs instead of overall strengthening of damaged buildings (Eng. Gh. Ursu’s letters). • Most recently the contemporary historical remembrance of post-disaster issues continues, through a recent history doctoral dissertation (Steinbrueck, 2017).
    [Show full text]
  • Education Scolaire
    Strasbourg, 17/10/2014 AP/CAT (2014) 10 Bil. ACCORD EUROPEEN ET MEDITERRANEEN EUROPEAN AND MEDITERRANEEN SUR LES RISQUES MAJEURS MAJOR HAZARDS AGREEMENT (EUR-OPA) (EUR-OPA) RESEAU DES CENTRES EURO-MEDITERRANEENS SPECIALISES DE L'ACCORD EUR-OPA RISQUES MAJEURS ACTIVITES DEVELOPEES DANS LE CADRE DES PROGRAMMES COORDONNES POUR 2012-2013 NETWORK OF SPECIALISED EURO-MEDITERRANEAN CENTRES OF THE EUR-OPA MAJOR HAZARDS AGREEMENT ACTIVITIES DEVELOPED WITHIN THE COORDINATED PROGRAMMES FOR 2012-2013 www.coe.int/europarisks Table of Contents 1. USING INFORMATION TO SAVE LIVES AND HELP VICTIMS 3 1.A. ASSESSMENT OF EVENTS AND POPULATION ALERT 4 MULTI-SENSOR TECHNOLOGIES FOR EWS OF LANDSLIDES AND MAN-MADE STRUCTURES 4 SURVIVING DISASTERS: A POCKET GUIDE FOR CITIZENS 30 1.B. NETWORKING BETWEEN GOVERNMENTS 35 PROPOSAL OF A REGIONAL AGREEMENT ON FIRE MANAGEMENT TRANSBOUNDARY COOPERATION 35 2. USING KNOWLEDGE TO REDUCE VULNERABILITY 40 2.A. KNOWLEDGE DIFFUSION 41 GUIDELINES FOR THE DEFENSE OF RURAL POPULATIONS, SETTLEMENTS AND OTHER ASSETS AGAINST WILDFIRES AND SMOKE POLLUTION 41 REAL-TIME TELEMETRIC MONITORING/EARLY WARNING SYSTEMS OF LARGE ENGINEERING CONSTRUCTIONS WITH TIME SERIES LINEAR/NONLINEAR DYNAMICS PROCESSING TOOLBOX 46 2.B. RISK MAPPING AND VULNERABILITY 61 PAN-EUROPEAN AND NATION-WIDE LANDSLIDE SUSCEPTIBILITY ASSESSMENT 61 SEISMIC PROTECTION OF MONUMENTS 84 ASSESSMENT OF INTERVENTIONS IN EARTHQUAKE PRONE AREAS 89 UNDERSTANDING AND QUANTIFICATION OF NATURAL HAZARDS 95 RISK AND VULNERABILITY MAPS FOR SELECTED COASTLINES IN MALTA & TURKEY WITH REGARD TO TSUNAMIS & SLR 105 2.C. IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE AND ENVIRONMENT ISSUES 109 COUPLING TERRESTRIAL AND MARINE DATASETS FOR COASTAL HAZARD ASSESSMENT AND RISK REDUCTION IN CHANGING ENVIRONMENTS 109 NEW GLOBAL CLIMATE CHALLENGES AS A RESULT OF INCREASED DEVELOPMENT OF THE ARCTIC TERRITORY 128 2.D.
    [Show full text]
  • Academy of Romanian Scientists Series on Physical Sciences Online ISSN 2559-1061 Volume 4, Number 1/2019 107
    Annals of the Academy of Romanian Scientists Series on Physical Sciences Online ISSN 2559-1061 Volume 4, Number 1/2019 107 EARTHQUAKE PRONE AREAS IN ROMANIA Mircea RADULIAN1, Raluca DINESCU2, Mihaela POPA3 Abstract. The paper brings together all existing data related to seismic monitoring in order to characterize the earthquake-prone areas in Romania. A review of previous works on this subject is also carried out. The impetuous development of the Romanian seismic network in the recent years as number and quality of instruments makes it possible today to identify with a high degree of confidence the geometrical configuration of seismicity patterns able to generate strong earthquakes. At the same time, we are now able to separate the tectonic active zones from those contaminated by human activity and to define with higher accuracy the earthquake-prone areas. By increasing the range of magnitude completeness and by assessing specific variations in time and space of seismicity, the paper brings a significant contribution to improve our ability to evaluate seismic hazard in Romania. Keywords: seismicity pattern, earthquake-prone area, earthquake catalogue, seismic hazard 1. Introduction Generally speaking, seismic activity can be regarded as being directly related to relatively well-defined areas of particular geometrical configuration (that we call earthquake-prone areas) or dispersed over undefined areas (that we call background seismicity). In specific cases, the earthquake-prone areas can be restrained to the projections of active faults on the Earth surface, if we have arguments to assume that these particular faults are only capable to successively generate significant earthquakes in a region.
    [Show full text]
  • Cutremurul Din 10
    MACROSEISMIC INTENSITY DISTRIBUTION OF SOME RECENT ROMANIAN EARTHQUAKES A. P. CONSTANTIN, R. PARTHENIU, I. A. MOLDOVAN 1 National Institute for Earth Physics, P.O. Box MG-2, Bucharest – Magurele, 077125, Romania E-mail: [email protected] Received August 24, 2015 Between years 2001 and 2004 a number of earthquakes with magnitudes which ranged from 3.9 to 5.0 occurred in the most seismically active areas of the Romanian territory. A macroseismic analysis of the effects produced on the Romanian territory has been conducted for these earthquakes, by using macroseismic questionnaires. Some of the observed intensities were significantly higher than those we could have expected after the earthquakes with such magnitudes. Effects have been evaluated from macroseismic observations giving maximum intensities estimated as VI–VII and VII in the MSK scale, respectively. Given the small to moderate size of earthquakes, many of the observed damages to buildings are due to their bad state, age, and poorly built without antiseismic protection, and hence particularly vulnerable. Key words: macroseismic questionnaires, earthquake effects, isoseismal map. 1. INTRODUCTION The macroseismic data are considerably used for the integration of the general viewing on the spatiotemporal evolution of the seismic intensity, for the purpose of hazard assessment in given areas or in special sites related to the national infrastructure. Nowadays, even if the seismological instrumental networks are very developed, the macroseismic maps with maximum intensities still remain an important tool for the anti-seismic design of constructions. Seismic events occurring within the Romanian territory are recorded and immediately localized by the personnel on duty of the National Institute for Earth Physics (NIEP).
    [Show full text]
  • Geoscience-2020-Abstract-Book.Pdf
    GEOSCIENCE 2020 BOOK OF ABSTRACTS Editors: Florina CHITEA Dumitru IOANE Irina STANCIU București, 2020 FOREWORD GEOSCIENCE is a yearly symposium held in Bucharest, Romania and organized by the Romanian Society of Applied Geophysics (SGAR). Over the years, the symposium has continued to grow and expand its area of interest, tackling topics ranging from Earth Physics (Geodynamics, Seismology and Geomagnetism), Near Surface Geophysics, Geoscience for Energy, Geoscience for Cave and Karst Areas, Geology or Environmental Studies & Geohazards, to Geoscience For Society, Education And Environment. This year, the GEOSCIENCE International Symposium had to be held exclusively online, over the course of three days (20-22 November 2020). The event offered a wide range of topics and welcomed contributions in various research areas, with the clear intention of providing the geoscientific community and industry with the opportunity to share scientific knowledge and expertise, as well as to discuss the newest trends in the field of applied or theoretical geoscience. The Romanian Society of Applied Geophysics (SGAR) is proud to have hosted researchers, professors and engineers from the extended field of Earth Sciences. We would also like to acknowledge the strong international presence at this year’s edition of the event, with presenters from countries such as the U.S.A., Switzerland, Greece, France, Serbia, Russia, UK, Turkey, India or China joining the Romanian participants. GEOSCIENCE 2020 International Symposium was organized in collaboration with the National Institute for Research and Development for Earth Physics, the “Sabba Ştefănescu” Institute of Geodynamics of the Romanian Academy, as well as with the Faculty of Geology and Geophysics, University of Bucharest, Romania.
    [Show full text]
  • Forensic Engineering Studies on Historical Earthquakes in Romania
    13th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering Vancouver, B.C., Canada August 1-6, 2004 Paper No. 2444 FORENSIC ENGINEERING STUDIES ON HISTORICAL EARTHQUAKES IN ROMANIA Emil-Sever GEORGESCU1 SUMMARY The paper evaluates data on Romanian historical earthquakes, with consideration to the following aspects: - study of the shape and size of the actual “Vrancea epicentral area”, the territorial extent and damaging potential of strong intermediate earthquakes, for magnitudes around Richter 7 and intensities from VII to IX, using forensic engineering approaches for sites and situations where the historical damage contradicts zoning maps; - study of the actual “shielding effect” of the Carpathian Mountains in Transylvania and of the “seismic shadow” combined with remote amplifications in Moldavia, vs. actual intensities; - comparative study of damage patterns and associated intensities of greater historical motions in Romania, including the 1802 and 1838 earthquakes, the greatest in history. - forensic engineering study of the damage and collapse mechanism of Coltzea Tower, the tallest structure in Bucharest, during the 1802 earthquake; study of damage patterns of slender towers vs. rigid structures and their correlation with the spectral content of earthquakes in Bucharest. Results can be useful for better calibrations of new seismic zoning maps in Romania, to compensate the lack of instrumental data, since the newly introduced mean recurrence intervals of 100 and 475 years in earthquake design codes require additional data on long time periods, comparable with historical ones. A careful and interdisciplinary work for the conversion of historical data into intensities and/or PGA, EPA etc. is necessary. INTRODUCTION For a long period (in Romania it lasted until 1990) the engineers relied only on historians’, seismologists’ and geologists’ data as input data for zoning maps and seismic forces in their structural calculation.
    [Show full text]
  • Earthquakes of 1940 and 1977
    Building Damage vs. Territorial Casualty Patterns during the Vrancea (Romania) Earthquakes of 1940 and 1977 E.-S. Georgescu The National Research and Development Institute URBAN-INCERC, and European Center for Buildings Rehabilitation, ECBR, Bucharest, Romania A. Pomonis Cambridge Architectural Research Ltd., Cambridge, United Kingdom SUMMARY th During the 20 century two large (M w ≥7.4) intermediate depth earthquakes occurred in 1940 and 1977 in the Vrancea region of Romania and caused heavy life and economic losses. The correlation of building damage, intensity and human casualties for each event is explored in this study. The intent is to present and correlate newly recovered and assembled data on building damage and associated casualties, attempting to explain the number and patterns, ratios and social impacts that were apparently so unusually or even randomly distributed in the territories affected. In 1940, damage was heavier near the epicentral area largely to masonry buildings. For the 1977 earthquake, unpublished data from government archives allowed us to derive the spatial distribution of damage and human casualties. Keywords: earthquake damage, human casualties, building collapse, Vrancea 1. INTRODUCTION Recent earthquake disasters in the World keep reminding us that progress in construction techniques, earthquake resistant design, planning and preparedness is the path to reduce losses and casualties, arising due to the effects of strong ground motion and induced hazards such as giant tsunami waves, extensive landslides, liquefaction and the risk of conflagration. In Romania, large magnitude (M w ≥7.2) intermediate depth earthquakes (h ≥60km) occurring in the Vrancea seismogenic source, are a tremendous threat. Such Vrancea earthquakes may affect simultaneously with intensities of VII to IX, circa 50% of the country’s territory, over 50% of its population, about 35% of the population, i.e.
    [Show full text]