The Paradoxical Brain
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Pain Improvement in Parkinson's Disease Patients Treated
Journal of Personalized Medicine Article Pain Improvement in Parkinson’s Disease Patients Treated with Safinamide: Results from the SAFINONMOTOR Study Diego Santos García 1,* , Rosa Yáñez Baña 2, Carmen Labandeira Guerra 3, Maria Icíar Cimas Hernando 4, Iria Cabo López 5 , Jose Manuel Paz González 1, Maria Gema Alonso Losada 3, Maria José Gonzalez Palmás 5, Carlos Cores Bartolomé 1 and Cristina Martínez Miró 1 1 Department of Neurology, CHUAC, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña, 15006 A Coruña, Spain; [email protected] (J.M.P.G.); [email protected] (C.C.B.); [email protected] (C.M.M.) 2 Department of Neurology, CHUO, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Ourense, 32005 Ourense, Spain; [email protected] 3 Department of Neurology, CHUVI, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Vigo, 36213 Vigo, Spain; [email protected] (C.L.G.); [email protected] (M.G.A.L.) 4 Hospital de Povisa, 36211 Vigo, Spain; [email protected] 5 Department of Neurology, CHOP, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Pontevedra, 36002 Pontevedra, Spain; [email protected] (I.C.L.); [email protected] (M.J.G.P.) * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +34-646-173-341 Citation: Santos García, D.; Yáñez Abstract: Background and objective: Pain is a frequent and disabling symptom in Parkinson’s disease Baña, R.; Labandeira Guerra, C.; (PD) patients. Our aim was to analyze the effectiveness of safinamide on pain in PD patients from Cimas Hernando, M.I.; Cabo López, the SAFINONMOTOR (an open-label study of the effectiveness of SAFInamide on NON-MOTOR I.; Paz González, J.M.; Alonso Losada, symptoms in Parkinson´s disease patients) study. -
Creativity and the BRAIN RT4258 Prelims.Fm Page Ii Thursday, January 20, 2005 7:01 PM Creativity and the BRAIN
Creativity AND THE BRAIN RT4258_Prelims.fm Page ii Thursday, January 20, 2005 7:01 PM Creativity AND THE BRAIN Kenneth M. Heilman Psychology Press New York and Hove RT4258_Prelims.fm Page iv Thursday, January 20, 2005 7:01 PM Published in 2005 by Published in Great Britain by Psychology Press Psychology Press Taylor & Francis Group Taylor & Francis Group 270 Madison Avenue 27 Church Road New York, NY 10016 Hove, East Sussex BN3 2FA © 2005 by Taylor & Francis Group Psychology Press is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group Printed in the United States of America on acid-free paper 10987654321 International Standard Book Number-10: 1-84169-425-8 (Hardcover) International Standard Book Number-13: 978-1-8416-9425-2 (Hardcover) No part of this book may be reprinted, reproduced, transmitted, or utilized in any form by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying, microfilming, and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without written permission from the publishers. Trademark Notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trade- marks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Heilman, Kenneth M., 1938-. Creativity and the brain/Kenneth M. Heilman. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 1-84169-425-8 (hardback : alk. paper) 1. Creative ability. 2. Neuropsychology. I. Title. QP360.H435 2005 153.3’5—dc22 2004009960 Visit the Taylor & Francis -
Neuropsychologica the Past and Future of Neuropsychology
REVIEW ARTICLE ACTA Vol. 4, No. 1/2, 2006, 1-12 NEUROPSYCHOLOGICA THE PAST AND FUTURE OF NEUROPSYCHOLOGY J.M. Glozman Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia Key words: locationalism, anti-locationalism, dynamic brain systems, Lurian neuropsychology SUMMARY The history of neuropsychology can be conceived in three conceptually and chronologically overlapping phases. The first phase, dominated by the dialectic between locationism and holism (antilocationism), focused on reduc- ing the human mind to the activity of neural processors (locationism), or of the brain as a whole (holism). In the second phase, marked by the introduction of Luria's concept of dynamic systems, mind is derived from the interaction of dynamic neural systems, whose components are dispersed both horizontally and vertically, and the concept of syndrome becomes prominent. In the third phase, neuropsychologists have begun to look at the brain as part of a whole human being, who lives in a particular ecosphere and comes into contact with other human beings. This last phase, which also draws inspiration from Luria's work, has pushed neuropsychology into new fields of inquiry, such as per- sonality and family dynamics. It has also been marked by a shift from product- based to process-based neuropsychology, and the emergence of quality of life as a goal and outcome measure in neuropsychological rehabilitation. INTRODUCTION All over the world contemporary neuropsychology is demonstrating a gene- ral tendency to replace state-based neuropsychology, which relates the brain- damaged individual's symptoms to the precise location of cerebral lesions, with a more dynamic, process-based neuropsychology, which analyzes the dynamics of the brain-behavior interaction (Tupper & Cicerone 1990, Glozman 1999a). -
Cognition and Aphasia: a Discussion and a Study
Journal of Communication Disorders 35 22002) 171±186 Cognition and aphasia: a discussion and a study Nancy Helm-Estabrooks* Harold Goodglass Aphasia Research Center Ð 12A, Boston Veterans Administration Medical Center, Boston University School ofMedicine, 150 South Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02130, USA Received 23 October 2001; received in revised form 18 December 2001; accepted 18 December 2001 Abstract The relation between other aspects of cognition and language status of individuals with aphasia is not well-established, although there is some evidence that integrity of non- linguistic skills of attention, memory, executive function and visuospatial skills can not be predicted on the basis of aphasia severity. At the same time, there is a growing realization among rehabilitation specialists, based on clinical experience and preliminary studies, that all domains of cognition are important to aphasia therapy outcomes. This paper describes a new study of the relation between linguistic and nonlinguistic skill in a group of individuals with aphasia. No signi®cant relationship was found between linguistic and nonlinguistic skills, and between nonlinguistic skills and age, education or time post onset. Instead, individual pro®les of strengths and weaknesses were found. The implications of these ®ndings for management of aphasia patients is discussed. Learning outcomes: Readers of this papers will be able to: list ®ve primary domains of cognition and relate each to an aspect of aphasia therapy; describe at least three studies that examined the relation between cognition and aphasia; describe four nonlinguistic tasks of cognition that can be used with a wide range of aphasia patients. # 2002 Elsevier Science Inc. -
Taste and Smell Disorders in Clinical Neurology
TASTE AND SMELL DISORDERS IN CLINICAL NEUROLOGY OUTLINE A. Anatomy and Physiology of the Taste and Smell System B. Quantifying Chemosensory Disturbances C. Common Neurological and Medical Disorders causing Primary Smell Impairment with Secondary Loss of Food Flavors a. Post Traumatic Anosmia b. Medications (prescribed & over the counter) c. Alcohol Abuse d. Neurodegenerative Disorders e. Multiple Sclerosis f. Migraine g. Chronic Medical Disorders (liver and kidney disease, thyroid deficiency, Diabetes). D. Common Neurological and Medical Disorders Causing a Primary Taste disorder with usually Normal Olfactory Function. a. Medications (prescribed and over the counter), b. Toxins (smoking and Radiation Treatments) c. Chronic medical Disorders ( Liver and Kidney Disease, Hypothyroidism, GERD, Diabetes,) d. Neurological Disorders( Bell’s Palsy, Stroke, MS,) e. Intubation during an emergency or for general anesthesia. E. Abnormal Smells and Tastes (Dysosmia and Dysgeusia): Diagnosis and Treatment F. Morbidity of Smell and Taste Impairment. G. Treatment of Smell and Taste Impairment (Education, Counseling ,Changes in Food Preparation) H. Role of Smell Testing in the Diagnosis of Neurodegenerative Disorders 1 BACKGROUND Disorders of taste and smell play a very important role in many neurological conditions such as; head trauma, facial and trigeminal nerve impairment, and many neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s, Parkinson Disorders, Lewy Body Disease and Frontal Temporal Dementia. Impaired smell and taste impairs quality of life such as loss of food enjoyment, weight loss or weight gain, decreased appetite and safety concerns such as inability to smell smoke, gas, spoiled food and one’s body odor. Dysosmia and Dysgeusia are very unpleasant disorders that often accompany smell and taste impairments. -
Additional Antidepressant Pharmacotherapies According to A
orders & is T D h e n r Werner and Coveñas, Brain Disord Ther 2016, 5:1 i a a p r y B Brain Disorders & Therapy DOI: 10.4172/2168-975X.1000203 ISSN: 2168-975X Review Article Open Access Additional Antidepressant Pharmacotherapies According to a Neural Network Felix-Martin Werner1, 2* and Rafael Coveñas2 1Higher Vocational School of Elderly Care and Occupational Therapy, Euro Academy, Pößneck, Germany 2Laboratory of Neuroanatomy of the Peptidergic Systems, Institute of Neurosciences of Castilla y León (INCYL), University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain Abstract Major depression, a frequent psychiatric disease, is associated with neurotransmitter alterations in the midbrain, hypothalamus and hippocampus. Deficiency of postsynaptic excitatory neurotransmitters such as dopamine, noradrenaline and serotonin and a surplus of presynaptic inhibitory neurotransmitters such as GABA and glutamate (mainly a postsynaptic excitatory and partly a presynaptic inhibitory neurotransmitter), can be found in the involved brain regions. However, neuropeptide alterations (galanin, neuropeptide Y, substance P) also play an important role in its pathogenesis. A neural network is described, including the alterations of neuroactive substances at specific subreceptors. Currently, major depression is treated with monoamine reuptake inhibitors. An additional therapeutic option could be the administration of antagonists of presynaptic inhibitory neurotransmitters or the administration of agonists/antagonists of neuropeptides. Keywords: Acetylcholine; Bupropion; Dopamine; GABA; Galanin; in major depression and to point out the coherence between single Glutamate; Hippocampus; Hhypothalamus; Major depression; neuroactive substances and their corresponding subreceptors. A Midbrain; Neural network; Neuropeptide Y; Noradrenaline; Serotonin; question should be answered, whether a multimodal pharmacotherapy Substance P with an agonistic or antagonistic effect at several subreceptors is higher than the current conventional antidepressant treatment. -
Interface of Epilepsy and Sleep Disorders
Seizure 1999; 8: 97 –102 View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE Article No. seiz.1998.0257, available online at http://www.idealibrary.com on provided by Elsevier - Publisher Connector Interface of epilepsy and sleep disorders Roy G. Beran, Menai J. Plunkett & Gerard J. Holland St Lukes Hospital Telemetry and Sleep Centre, St Lukes Hospital, 18 Roslyn Street, Potts Point, NSW 2011, Australia Correspondence to: Dr Roy G. Beran, Suite 5, 6th Floor, 12 Thomas Street, Chatswood, NSW 2067, Australia Obstructive sleep apnoea was first brought to prominence by Henri Gastaut, a French epileptologist. Since that time the interface between epilepsy and sleep disorders has received less attention than might be justified, recognizing that sleep deprivation is a poignant provocateur for seizures. Sleep deprivation is often used as a diagnostic procedure during electroencephalography (EEG) when waking EEG has failed to demonstrate abnormality. Patients referred to an outpatient neurological clinic for evaluation of possible seizures in whom sleep disorder was suspected, either due to snoring during the EEG or based on history, were evaluated with all-night diagnostic polysomnography (PSG) and appropriate intervention administered as indicated. Patient and seizure demography, sleep disorder and response to therapy were reviewed and the interface explored. Fifty patients aged between 10 and 83 years underwent PSG. Approximately half were diagnosed with epilepsy and almost three-quarters had sleep disorders sufficiently intrusive to require therapy (either continuous positive air pressure (CPAP) or medication). With co-existence of epilepsy and sleep disorders, proper management of sleep disorders provided significant benefit for seizure control. -
Effect of Nutrition on Neurodegenerative Diseases. a Systematic Review
Nutritional Neuroscience An International Journal on Nutrition, Diet and Nervous System ISSN: 1028-415X (Print) 1476-8305 (Online) Journal homepage: https://www.tandfonline.com/loi/ynns20 Effect of nutrition on neurodegenerative diseases. A systematic review Vittorio Emanuele Bianchi, Pomares Fredy Herrera & Rizzi Laura To cite this article: Vittorio Emanuele Bianchi, Pomares Fredy Herrera & Rizzi Laura (2019): Effect of nutrition on neurodegenerative diseases. A systematic review, Nutritional Neuroscience, DOI: 10.1080/1028415X.2019.1681088 To link to this article: https://doi.org/10.1080/1028415X.2019.1681088 Published online: 04 Nov 2019. Submit your article to this journal Article views: 23 View related articles View Crossmark data Full Terms & Conditions of access and use can be found at https://www.tandfonline.com/action/journalInformation?journalCode=ynns20 NUTRITIONAL NEUROSCIENCE https://doi.org/10.1080/1028415X.2019.1681088 REVIEW Effect of nutrition on neurodegenerative diseases. A systematic review Vittorio Emanuele Bianchi a, Pomares Fredy Herrerab and Rizzi Laurac aEndocrinology and Metabolism, Clinical Center Stella Maris Falciano, Falciano, San Marino; bDirector del Centro de Telemedicina, Grupo de investigación en Atención Primaria en salud/Telesalud, Doctorado en Medicina /Neurociencias, University of Cartagena, Colombia; cMolecular Biology, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza Brianza, Italy ABSTRACT KEYWORDS Neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by the progressive functional loss -
Spinal Cord in Motor Neuron Diseases Using a Multi-Parametric MRI Approach
Université Pierre et Marie Curie Cerveau Cognition Comportement Laboratoire d’Imagerie Biomédicale / Systèmes Dynamiques Anatomo-Fonctionnels chez l’Homme Thèse de Doctorat en Neurosciences Présentée par Mohamed-Mounir EL MENDILI Analysis of the structural integrity of the spinal cord in motor neuron diseases using a multi-parametric MRI approach Dirigée par Véronique MARCHAND-PAUVERT et Pierre-François PRADAT Présentée et soutenue le 13 Décembre 2016 devant le jury composé de Devant un jury composé de : M. Peter BEDE (PU-PH) Trinity College Dublin, Irland Rapporteur Mme. Virginie CALLOT (DR) Aix-Marseille Université Rapporteur M. Philippe CORCIA (PU-PH) Université François-Rabelais, Tours Examinateur M. Stéphane LEHERICY (PU-PH) Université Paris VI Examinateur Mme. Véronique MARCHAND-PAUVERT (DR) Université Paris VI Directeur de thèse M. Pierre-Francois PRADAT (PH) Université Paris VI Co-directeur de thèse This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. À tous les patients atteints d’une des maladies du motoneurone Contents Contents ..................................................................................................................................... i Remerciements .................................................................................................................... iii List of Tables .......................................................................................................................... iv List of Figures ........................................................................................................................ -
A Systematic Review of Nutritional Risk Factors of Parkinson's Disease
Nutrition Research Reviews (2005), 18, 259–282 DOI: 10.1079/NRR2005108 q The Authors 2005 A systematic review of nutritional risk factors of Parkinson’s disease Lianna Ishihara* and Carol Brayne Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Forvie Site, Robinson Way, Cambridge CB2 2SR, UK A wide variety of nutritional exposures have been proposed as possible risk factors for Parkinson’s disease (PD) with plausible biological hypotheses. Many studies have explored these hypotheses, but as yet no comprehensive systematic review of the literature has been available. MEDLINE, EMBASE, and WEB OF SCIENCE databases were searched for existing systematic reviews or meta-analyses of nutrition and PD, and one meta-analysis of coffee drinking and one meta-analysis of antioxidants were identified. The databases were searched for primary research articles, and articles without robust methodology were excluded by specified criteria. Seven cohort studies and thirty-three case–control (CC) studies are included in the present systematic review. The majority of studies did not find significant associations between nutritional factors and PD. Coffee drinking and alcohol intake were the only exposures with a relatively large number of studies, and meta-analyses of each supported inverse associations with PD. Factors that were reported by at least one CC study to have significantly increased consumption among cases compared with controls were: vegetables, lutein, xanthophylls, xanthins, carbohydrates, monosaccharides, junk food, refined sugar, lactose, animal fat, total fat, nuts and seeds, tea, Fe, and total energy. Factors consumed significantly less often among cases were: fish, egg, potatoes, bread, alcohol, coffee, tea, niacin, pantothenic acid, folate and pyridoxine. -
Treatment of Aphasia
NEUROLOGICAL REVIEW Treatment of Aphasia Martin L. Albert, MD, PhD pproximately 1 million people have aphasia in the United States today, yet with prop- erly targeted therapy in selected patients effective communication can be restored. Cur- rent approaches to treatment of aphasia include psycholinguistic theory-driven therapy, cognitive neurorehabilitation, computer-aided techniques, psychosocial manage- Ament, and (still on an experimental basis) pharmacotherapy. Arch Neurol. 1998;55:1417-1419 Languageisnotlocatedinautonomousmod- For some individuals with aphasia, ules strategically implanted within the left loss of the ability to communicate is tan- hemisphere (a comprehension module in tamount to loss of personhood, and any Wernicke’s area, an output module in Bro- help they can receive to recover function ca’s area, the 2 connected by a single, hard- in this cognitive domain is treasured. Neu- wired cable). Neuroimaging studies of the rologists should know that current ap- last 15 years and contemporary analyses by proaches to aphasia therapy, carefully tai- cognitive neuroscientists have shown that lored to treatment of specific signs and multiple, complex, and overlapping cerebral symptoms, actually help selected individu- systems underlie the elements of language.1,2 als with aphasia communicate more effec- Each system seems to consist of a widely dis- tively. Contemporary research in basic neu- tributed network of cortical and subcorti- roscience, cognitive neuroscience, and cal components, both within and beyond the neuroimaging is expanding our therapeu- classic left hemispheric zone of language. tic options for treatment of aphasia in ways Linguistic and nonlinguistic cogni- that might not have been considered pos- tive functions, such as attention, memory, sible just a few years ago. -
INS Volume 2 Issue 3 Cover and Front Matter
ISSN 1355-6177 Volume 2, Number 3 May 1996 Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society CAMBRIDGE |NS UNIVERSITY PRESS Official Publication Downloaded from https://www.cambridge.org/core. IP address: 170.106.33.22, on 28 Sep 2021 at 16:33:15, subject to the Cambridge Core terms of use, available at https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1355617700001065 ISSN 1355-6177 Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society EDITOR-IN-CHIEF EDITORIAL BOARD Harold Goodglass Jennie L. Ponsford VA Med. Ctr., Boston Bethesda Hosp., Victoria Igor Grant • Vicki Anderson Univ. of Calif., San Diego Univ. of Melbourne, Australia Murray Grossman Stephen M. Rao Univ. ofPenn., Philadelphia Med. Col. of Wisconsin, Arthur Benton ASSOCIATE EDITORS Milwaukee Iowa City, Iowa Kathleen Y. Haaland Erin D. Bigler VA Med. Ctr., Albuquerque Brigham Young University Marlene Oscar Berman Isabclle Rapin Albert Einstein Col. of Med., Eileen Fennell Boston Univ. School of Med. H. Julia Hannay Univ. of Houston New York Univ. of Florida Robert A. Bornstein Kenneth M. Heilman Ohio Stale University James V. Haxby Fricdel M. Reischies Univ. of Florida National Inst. on Aging. Freie Universitat, Berlin H. Branch Coslett Bethesda Alex Martin Temple Univ., Philadelphia Jarl A.A. Risberg Nat. Inst. of Mental Health Robert Heaton Univ. Hosp., Lund, Sweden Elizabeth K. Warrington C. Munro CuIIum Univ. of Calif, San Diego Leslie J. Gonzalez Rothi National Hospital, UT Southwestern Med. Ctr., Dallas Andrew Kertesz VA Med. Ctr., Gainesville London, UK 5/. Joseph's Hosp., Ontario Dean C. Delis David Salmon DEPARTMENT EDITORS VA Med. Ctr., San Diego Marit Korkman Univ.