DOCSLIB.ORG

00 Milcomm Fm I-Xl

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
00 Milcomm Fm I-Xl Military Communications www.abc-clio.com ABC-CLIO 1-800-368-6868 Editorial Advisory Board George H. Bolling (U.S. Army, ret.) Kathryn Roe Coker Michael S. Dean (RAF, ret.) Bernard S. Finn Steven Livingston Clifford Lord Robert J. Oslund Rebecca Robbins Raines Steven J. Rauch Richard P. “Hank” Sauer (USAF, ret.) Thomas S. Snyder Keir B. Sterling Peter M. Swartz (U.S. Navy, ret.) Timothy Wolters David L. Woods (U.S. Navy, ret.) Tommy R. Young II www.abc-clio.com ABC-CLIO 1-800-368-6868 Military Communications From Ancient Times to the 21st Century Christopher H. Sterling Editor Santa Barbara, California Denver, Colorado Oxford, England www.abc-clio.com ABC-CLIO 1-800-368-6868 Copyright 2008 by ABC-CLIO, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechani- cal, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, except for the inclusion of brief quota- tions in a review, without prior permission in writing from the publishers. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Military communications : from ancient times to the 21st century / Christopher H. Sterling, Editor. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-1-85109-732-6 (hard copy : alk. paper) — ISBN 978-1-85109-737-1 (ebook) 1. Armed Forces—Communication systems—Encyclopedias. I. Sterling, Christopher H., 1943– UG590.M56 2008 358’.2403—dc22 2007018160 12 11 10 09 08 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 This book is also available on the World Wide Web as an ebook. Visit www.abc-clio.com for details. ABC-CLIO, Inc. 130 Cremona Drive, P.O. Box 1911 Santa Barbara, California 93116-1911 Senior Production Editor: Cami Cacciatore Editorial Assistant: Sara Springer Production Manager: Don Schmidt Media Manager: Caroline Price Media Editor: Ellen Rasmussen File Manager: Paula Gerard This book is printed on acid-free paper. Manufactured in the United States of America www.abc-clio.com ABC-CLIO 1-800-368-6868 CONTENTS Contributors, xi Preface, xv Acknowledgments, xix Introduction, xxiii A Army Battle Command System (ABCS), 34 Air Force Communications Agency Army Signal Corps, 35 (AFCA, 1991–2006), 1 Artillery/Gunfire, 40 Air Force Communications Service (AFCS), Association of Old Crows (AOC), 41 Air Force Communications Command Atlantic, Battle of the (1939–1945), 42 (AFCC) (1961–1991), 3 Atlantic Wall, 44 Air Force Research Laboratory, Australia: Royal Australian Corps of (Rome, New York), 6 Signals, 45 Airborne Warning and Control System Automatic Digital Network (AWACS), 7 (AUTODIN), 47 Airmobile Communications, 8 Automatic Secure Voice Communications Airplanes, 10 (AUTOSEVOCOM), 48 Airships and Balloons, 13 Alaska Communications System, B 15 Bain, Alexander (1811–1877), 51 Aldis Lamp, 17 Baltic Nations, 52 Alexander, Edward Porter (1835–1910), 18 Banker, Grace (1892–1960), 54 American Civil War (1861–1865), 19 Beardslee Telegraph, 55 American Telephone & Telegraph Co. Bell, Alexander Graham (1847–1922), 57 (AT&T), 21 Bell Telephone Laboratories (BTL), 58 American Wars to 1860, 23 Berlin Airlift (1948–1949), 60 Ancient Signals, 24 Blair, William Richards (1874–1962), 61 Appalachian, USS, 26 Blandford Camp, 62 Ardois Light, 27 Bletchley Park, 63 Arlington Hall, 28 Boer War Wireless (1899–1902), 65 Armed Forces Communications & Britain, Battle of (1940), 66 Electronics Association (AFCEA), 30 Bull Run, Battle of (1861), 68 Armstrong, Edwin Howard Bush, Vannevar (1890–1974), 69 (1890–1954), 31 Army Airways Communications System, C Airways and Air Communications Camp Crowder, Missouri, 71 Service (AACS, 1938–1961), 32 Canada, 72 v www.abc-clio.com ABC-CLIO 1-800-368-6868 vi MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS Contents Canada: Communications Security Defense Switched Network (DSN), 121 Establishment (CSE), 75 Defiance, HMS, 122 Chappe, Claude (1763–1805), 76 Diego Garcia, 123 Cher Ami and the “Lost Battalion,” 77 Dogs, 124 Chicksands, 78 Driscoll, Agnes Meyer (1889–1971), 126 China, People’s Republic of, 79 Coast Defense, 82 E Code, Codebook, 84 Eastern Europe, 129 Code Breaking, 86 Edelcrantz, Abraham (1754–1821), 130 Code Talkers, 87 Edison, Thomas A. (1847–1931), 131 Color, 89 Egypt, 132 Combat Information Center (CIC), 90 Electric Cipher Machine (ECM Mark II, Combat Information Transport System “SIGABA”), 134 (CITS), 91 Electromagnetic Pulse (EMP), 136 Commonwealth Communications Army Electronic Countermeasures/Electronic Network (COMCAN), 92 Warfare (ECM/EW), 137 Communication Satellites, 92 E-Mail Systems, 139 Communications Security (COMSEC), 96 Enigma, 140 Computer, 98 European Late Nineteenth-Century Wars, Computer Security (COMPUSEC), 101 142 Confederate Army Signal Corps, 102 Coston Signals, 103 F Couriers, 105 Facsimile/Fax, 145 Cuban Missile Crisis (1962), 106 Falklands Conflict (1982), 146 Fateful Day—25 June 1876, 147 D Ferrié, Gustave-Auguste (1868–1932), DARPANET, 109 148 de Forest, Lee (1873–1961), 110 Fessenden, Reginald A. (1866–1932), 149 Deception, 111 Fiber Optics, 151 Defence Communications Service Agency Field, Cyrus W. (1819–1892), 152 (DCSA), 113 Field Wire and Cable, 153 Defence Fixed Telecommunications System Fire/Flame/Torch, 154 (DFTS), 114 Fiske, Bradley A. (1854–1942), 155 Defense Advanced Research Projects Flaghoist, 156 Agency (DARPA), 115 Flags, 158 Defense Communications Agency (DCA, Flagship, 161 1960–1991), 117 Fleming, John Ambrose (1849–1945), 161 Defense Communications Board/Board of Fort Gordon, Georgia, 163 War Communications (1940–1947), 117 Fort Huachuca, Arizona, 164 Defense Communications System Fort Meade, Maryland, 165 (DCS), 118 Fort Monmouth, New Jersey, 166 Defense Information Systems Agency Fort Myer, Virginia, 167 (DISA), 119 France: Air Force (Armée de l’Air), 168 Defense Message System (DMS), 120 France: Army, 169 www.abc-clio.com ABC-CLIO 1-800-368-6868 MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS vii Contents France: Navy (Marine Nationale), 172 India, 226 Friedman, William F. (1891–1969), 174 Information Revolution in Military Affairs Fullerphone, 176 (IRMA), 228 Future Combat Systems (FCS), 177 Infrared Signal Systems, 229 Institute of Electrical and Electronic G Engineers (IEEE), 230 German “Fish” Codes, 179 Institution of Electrical Engineers (IEE), 232 Germany: Air Force, 181 Intelligence Ships, 233 Germany: Army, 182 International Code of Signals (ICS), 234 Germany: Military Communications International Telecommunication Union School, 186 (ITU), 236 Germany: Naval Intelligence (B-Dienst), 187 Internet, 237 Germany: Navy, 189 Iraq War (2003–Present), 240 Global Command and Control System Israel, 244 (GCCS), 190 Global Information Grid (GIG), 192 J Global Positioning System (GPS), 193 Jackson, Henry B. (1855–1929), 247 Golden Arrow Sections, 195 Jamming, 248 Government Code & Cipher School Japan: Air Force, 250 (GC&CS, 1919–1946), 196 Japan: Army, 251 Great Wall of China, 197 Japan: Navy (Nippon Teikoku Kaigun), 254 Greece, 198 Joint Assault Signal Company Greely, Adolphus W. (1844–1935), 199 (JASCO), 255 Ground Radio, 200 Joint Tactical Information Distribution Gulf War (1990–1991), 201 System (JTIDS), 256 Joint Tactical Radio System (JTRS), 258 H Joint Task Force–Global Network Hadrian’s Wall, 207 Operations (JTF-GNO), 259 Heliograph and Mirrors, 208 “Jungle Telegraph”, 260 Hello Girls, 211 Jutland, Battle of (1916), 261 Heraldry/Insignia, 213 High-Frequency Direction Finding K (HF DF), 215 Kilby, Jack St. Clair (1923–2005) and Noyce, High-Speed Morse, 217 Robert Norton (1927–1990), 263 Hooper, Stanford C. (1884–1955), 218 Korean War (1950–1953), 264 Horses and Mules, 219 Hotline/Direct Communications Link L (DCL), 221 Lamarr, Hedy (1913–2000), 267 Howe, Admiral Lord Richard Language Translation, 268 (1726–1799), 222 Laser, 269 Human Signaling, 223 Lights and Beacons, 270 Lincoln in the Telegraph Office I 271 Identification, Friend or Foe (IFF), 225 Lowe, Thaddeus S. C. (1832–1913), 273 www.abc-clio.com ABC-CLIO 1-800-368-6868 viii MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS Contents M National Security Agency (NSA), 319 Magic, 275 National Telecommunications and Maginot Line, 277 Information Administration Maori Signaling, 278 (NTIA), 321 Marconi, Guglielmo (1874–1937), 279 Native American Signaling, 322 Marne, Battle of (September 1914), 281 Naval Radio Stations/Service, 323 Mauborgne, Joseph Oswald Naval Research Laboratory (NRL), 326 (1881–1971), 282 Naval Security Group (NSG), 328 Medal of Honor Winners, Signal Corps, Naval Tactical Data System (NTDS), 329 284 Navy Commands and Systems, 330 Medieval Military Signaling Navy Radio Laboratory, 332 (500–1500 CE), 286 Nebraska Avenue, Washington DC, 333 Mercury, HMS, 287 Network Enterprise Technology Command Meteor Burst Communications (NETCOM), 334 (MBC), 288 New Zealand: Royal New Zealand Corps Mexican Punitive Expedition of Signals, 336 (1916–1917), 289 Night Signals, 337 Microwave, 290 North Atlantic Treaty Organization Midway, Battle of (3–6 June 1942), 291 (NATO) Communications & Military Affiliate Radio System Information Systems Agency, 338 (MARS), 292 Military Communications-Electronics O Board (MCEB), 294 Office of Strategic Services (OSS), 341 Military Roads, 295 Ohio, USS, 342 Miniaturization, 296 OP-20-G, 343 Missile Range Communications, 297 Mobile Communications, 298 P Modulation, 302 Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, 347 Morse Code, 303 Philippines, 348 Morse, Samuel F. B. (1791–1872), 305 Phonetic Alphabet, 350 Music Signals, 306 Photography, 352 Myer, Albert James (1828–1880), 308 Phu Lam, Vietnam (1961–1972), 354 Pigeons, 355 N Polish Code Breaking, 357 Napoleonic Wars (1795–1815), 311 Popham, Home
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Army Radio Communication in the Great War Keith R Thrower, OBE
    Army radio communication in the Great War Keith R Thrower, OBE Introduction Prior to the outbreak of WW1 in August 1914 many of the techniques to be used in later years for radio communications had already been invented, although most were still at an early stage of practical application. Radio transmitters at that time were predominantly using spark discharge from a high voltage induction coil, which created a series of damped oscillations in an associated tuned circuit at the rate of the spark discharge. The transmitted signal was noisy and rich in harmonics and spread widely over the radio spectrum. The ideal transmission was a continuous wave (CW) and there were three methods for producing this: 1. From an HF alternator, the practical design of which was made by the US General Electric engineer Ernst Alexanderson, initially based on a specification by Reginald Fessenden. These alternators were primarily intended for high-power, long-wave transmission and not suitable for use on the battlefield. 2. Arc generator, the practical form of which was invented by Valdemar Poulsen in 1902. Again the transmitters were high power and not suitable for battlefield use. 3. Valve oscillator, which was invented by the German engineer, Alexander Meissner, and patented in April 1913. Several important circuits using valves had been produced by 1914. These include: (a) the heterodyne, an oscillator circuit used to mix with an incoming continuous wave signal and beat it down to an audible note; (b) the detector, to extract the audio signal from the high frequency carrier; (c) the amplifier, both for the incoming high frequency signal and the detected audio or the beat signal from the heterodyne receiver; (d) regenerative feedback from the output of the detector or RF amplifier to its input, which had the effect of sharpening the tuning and increasing the amplification.
    [Show full text]
  • NSA Honors 3Rd Radio Bn
    INSIDE Political Elections A-2 Hawaii Ship Life A-3 Donn Lewin A-4 Hale Koa Luau B-1 MCCS & SM&SP B-2 Veterinary Clinic B-3 Menu B-5 Technology B-6 Word to Pass & Ads B-7 Football C-1 Sports Briefs C-2 MMARINEARINE The Bottom Line C-3 Volume 34, Number 28 www.mcbh.usmc.mil July 16, 2004 NSA honors 3rd Radio Bn. Unit recognized for Director's Trophy for the third mission for the previous year. operations and exercises in their ing MAGTF commanders with consecutive year, July 8. The “This distinction recognizes role of providing signals intelli- effective electronic warfare and contributions to NSA director recognized 3rd the accomplishments and per- gence and electronic warfare: special intelligence communica- Radio Bn. (formerly 1st Radio sonal sacrifice of Radio to Marine Air Ground tions support. The Director of signals intelligence Battalion) at the Worldwide Battalion Sailors and Task Forces, as a contin- NSA believes we are the best in Awards Ceremony at the NSA Marines deployed gent of 250-300 the Marine Corps at accom- Lance Cpl. Headquarters in Fort George G. throughout the world. Marines deployed to plishing this mission,” said Bernadette L. Ainsworth Meade, Md. It is a privilege to serve Kuwait in support of I Aycock. U.S. Marine Corps Forces Pacific The NSA Director’s Trophy is as their commanding Marine Expeditionary The battalion also participat- awarded annually to the single officer,” said Lt. Col. Force’s attack on Iraq; ed in combined arms exercises CAMP H. M. SMITH, best tactical cryptologic unit Mark T.
    [Show full text]
  • Six Marines Charged with Hazing
    RnR Surf and PTA Special Inside Ski MCAF NCO Day A-8 Who was involved and Wakeboarding hits the what actually happened water of Kaneohe Bay. See Leadership A-6 during PTA 1-97? See The RnR, B-1. Botanical Gardens B-1 Field, A 4-5. a Football Pool B-3 C C 77? Vol. 24, No. 40 Serving Marine Forces Pacific, MCB Hawaii, III MEF, Hawaii and 1st Radio Battalion October 10, 1996 Enlisted Ball Nov. 7 Six Marines charged with hazing Sergeants and below are invited to attend the 221st annual Marine Corps rites of passage rituals will no longer be charges in terms of the Uniform Code of "It's important that a command under- Sgt. Valerie Griffin Enlisted Ball Nov, 7 at Hangar 104 Staff writer tolerated. Military Justice, basically assault, in stand for a young man or woman to come here. Attire for military members is Here, enforcement begins with educa- addition to the division order pertaining forward with this, he's bucking the peers the most senior uniform, and for civil- Five Marines accepted battalion level tion. to hazing." he lives with and, in his mind, has ians, formal wear. Tickets are $20 non-judicial punishment and one other "You have to get The first step in realizing an incident endangered himself. In essence, he's told each, and can be purchased from unit. will face a special court-martial here in a the word out and- has occurred is when an individual steps on somebody which may result in some representatives or at the Marine "hazing" incident which occurred during make sure Marines forward.
    [Show full text]
  • Television, Farnsworth and Sarnoff
    by AARON SORKIN directed by NICK BOWLING STUDY GUIDE prepared by Maren Robinson, Dramaturg This Study Guide for The Farnsworth Invention was prepared by Maren Robinson and edited by Lara Goetsch for TimeLine Theatre, its patrons and educational outreach. Please request permission to use these materials for any subsequent production. © TimeLine Theatre 2010 — — STUDY GUIDE — Table of Contents The Playwright: Aaron Sorkin .................................................................................... 3 The History: Sorkin’s Artistic License ........................................................................ 3 The People: Philo T. Farnsworth ................................................................................. 4 The People: David Sarnoff ........................................................................................... 6 The People: Other Players ........................................................................................... 8 Television: The Business ........................................................................................... 14 The Radio Corporation of America Patent Pool ................................................ 14 Other Players in Early Radio and Television ................................................... 16 Television: The Science .............................................................................................. 16 Timeline of Selected Events: Television, Farnsworth and Sarnoff .......................... 20 Television by the Numbers .......................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • A Short History of Radio
    Winter 2003-2004 AA ShortShort HistoryHistory ofof RadioRadio With an Inside Focus on Mobile Radio PIONEERS OF RADIO If success has many fathers, then radio • Edwin Armstrong—this WWI Army officer, Columbia is one of the world’s greatest University engineering professor, and creator of FM radio successes. Perhaps one simple way to sort out this invented the regenerative circuit, the first amplifying re- multiple parentage is to place those who have been ceiver and reliable continuous-wave transmitter; and the given credit for “fathering” superheterodyne circuit, a means of receiving, converting radio into groups. and amplifying weak, high-frequency electromagnetic waves. His inventions are considered by many to provide the foundation for cellular The Scientists: phones. • Henirich Hertz—this Clockwise from German physicist, who died of blood poisoning at bottom-Ernst age 37, was the first to Alexanderson prove that you could (1878-1975), transmit and receive Reginald Fessin- electric waves wirelessly. den (1866-1932), Although Hertz originally Heinrich Hertz thought his work had no (1857-1894), practical use, today it is Edwin Armstrong recognized as the fundamental (1890-1954), Lee building block of radio and every DeForest (1873- frequency measurement is named 1961), and Nikola after him (the Hertz). Tesla (1856-1943). • Nikola Tesla—was a Serbian- Center color American inventor who discovered photo is Gug- the basis for most alternating-current lielmo Marconi machinery. In 1884, a year after (1874-1937). coming to the United States he sold The Businessmen: the patent rights for his system of alternating- current dynamos, transformers, and motors to George • Guglielmo Marconi—this Italian crea- Westinghouse.
    [Show full text]
  • IEEE Sweden MN2020-Q2
    IEEE SE MN2020-Q2 avenue of increasing our gains of membership to membership in all members of IEEE Sweden Individual Highlights: Editorial chapters. IEEE tools Section. The board online are readily made remains grateful to The challenges available to us to remain committed members. We created by coronavirus R8SYP UPDATE 2 efficient, creative, shall not relent in pandemic have been industrious and informed. supporting and motivating enormous. Nonetheless, IEEE The pandemic’s you to reach the pinnacle IEEE’s response to Sweden section is COVID19 3 unprecedented of your set aside goals. determined to continue to circumstances afforded This Newsletter is subject make impact for the 2020 many of us opportunities to nonstop improvements Chapters Summary fiscal year. It is a trying time in eHealth. My recent and aims at sharing Activities 3 for the usual physical published paper titled information with IEEE Young Professionals 3 appearances in conferences “COVID-19 Patient Health members. Hence, we and meetings, but created Prediction Using Boosted kindly ask for increase awareness of Membership statistics in Random Forest contributions, feedback Sweden 4 virtual meetings which we Algorithm” is available and involvement from our are determined to explore online that supports IEEE readers. Please submit to and utilize in full. I Action for Industry 4 stand point on Covid-19. the Newsletter Editor, Dr. personally continue to see We shall continue to Celestine Iwendi this challenge as a strong deliver as entrusted the [email protected] Alexanderson Day 5 A message from the Sweden Section Chair Sites for Success 7 Dear IEEE Member, planned events and technology that enables us conferences such as the to connect and deliver in ISCMI20; that was to be held the current situation.
    [Show full text]
  • 1St Radio Battalion Puts Skills to Test
    INSIDE ECAP A-3 RIDE SCRUM! Law of War A-11 Rugby, B-1 Mokapu Mall B-2 Stables, B-1 Vol. 27, No. 15 Serving the base of choice for the 21st century April 23, 1998 1st Radio Battalion puts skills to test CpI. Barry Melton information and pass it on to the The IHR was also important for Combat Correspondent MEU commander. testing radio equipment in a field "The information Signal and environment, Artman said. It BELLOWS AIR FORCE STA- Support Teams intercept will ulti- tests the team's concealment abil- TION, Hawaii - Marines from mately assist the MEU comman- ity, its ability to effectively oper- 1st Radio Battalion's Signals and der with his plan of attack for a ate its equipment and the correct Support Platoon worked here hostage rescue," Singleton added. way to report information to the Monday and Tuesday to help res- The SST is 1st Radio's contribu- analysts. cue hostages from potentially tion to the 13th MEU, Singleton lIt's really good training because volatile terrorists. said. They work with radio recon- we get a chance to work with new Fortunately, the Inextremis naissance teams, battalion land- equipment," said Cpl. Francisco Hostage Rescue was a simulation ing teams and air assets within J. Reclosado, a communications to help 1st Radio Marines get the MEU. The SST consists of intelligence specialist with SST. hands-on experience with train- four to five Marines who sit in a "We learned about some of this ing they will see when they are concealed position and intercept equipment in school, but we attached to the 13th Marine enemy signals.
    [Show full text]
  • ABSTRACT AWA Review Wireless Comes of Age on the West Coast1
    Lee AWA Review Wireless Comes of Age on the West Coast1 !2011 Bartholomew Lee ABSTRACT This is a story primarily about young men and what they accomplished in a remarkable Radio as we know it time, the fi rst two decades of the 20th Century, had many fathers. Cali- and in remarkable places – especially in Cali- fornia enjoyed unique fornia in the Western United States. Guglielmo circumstances that gave (William) Marconi, in his early twenties, elec- rise to independent de- trifi ed the technical world of the late 19th Cen- velopment. Young men tury with his successes using Hertzian electro- explored and advanced magnetic waves to communicate at distance, devices and means of what we now call “radio.” He did this without communication as soon the wired connections to which the world had as they read about ear- turned with enthusiasm earlier in the century. lier advances, especially The telegraph, including undersea cables, and Marconi’s use of wireless the telephone, needed wire, and lots of it. Com- spark systems. The arc munication without such wires, at fi rst wireless as a generator of high telegraphy, opened new vistas. This was par- power continuous wave ticularly so looking out to the world’s oceans. energy for communica- Communication with ships at sea (Marconi’s tions came to California primary initial interest) was now possible. Then, and then the world. Doc a challenge to the expensive cable monopolies Herrold began the fi rst could be mounted. This was so because the new regular broadcasting to a “wireless” meant exactly that: no expensive, known audience around capital-intensive investments in cables, only 1912 in California, using in terminal stations.
    [Show full text]
  • Camp Pendleton : California
    Military Asset List 2016 U.S. Marine Corps CAMP PENDLETON : CALIFORNIA Camp Pendleton is located along the coast of southern California. It has the largest remaining tract of undeveloped coastline in southern California and includes coastal bluffs, wetlands, and montane environments. Camp Pendleton is a major west coast facility for the U.S. Marine Corps, which uses the base for amphibious and sea-to-shore training and other supporting Marine Air Ground Task. As such, the camp is Above: Marines with Alpha Company, home to several Infantry Training Battalion, School of Marine Corps Infantry-West completing their culminating event at Range 408. The units, including range includes and implements the different infantry occupational specialties the 1st Marine Expeditionary Force and the 1st Marine Division, at the company level. Medium/light machine guns and mortars suppress the which is the oldest and largest division in the Marine Corps. enemy first, providing the supporting fire As the largest employer in San Diego County for more than 65 for a squad size element of riflemen and assaultmen. Infantry Training Battalion years, Camp Pendleton has had an estimated regional economic trains all infantry, entry-level Marines in the skills essential to operating in a impact of approximately $6.1 billion. combat environment. (U.S. Marine Corps photo) Left (Above): An Abrams Tank breaches FAST FACTS a barrier during a training exercise at Camp Pendleton. (U.S. Marine Corps » Location: San Diego County, CA (near Oceanside, Fallbrook photo) and San Clemente) MISSION STATEMENT Operate a training base that promotes » Land Area: 127,159 acres the combat readiness of the Operating Forces and the mission of other tenant » Special Use Airspace: 180 square nautical miles commands by providing training opportunities, facilities, services, and » Military Personnel: 42,916 support responsive to the needs of Marines, Sailors, and their families.
    [Show full text]
  • The American Legion [Volume 141, No. 5 (November 1996)]
    A trusted member of the American Legion family. Why is Buick LeSabre the Official Car of American Legion Baseball? Because LeSabre delivers peace of mind on the road. And it delivers peace of mind through its financial support of youth baseball. To date, Buick has contributed over $3 million to the American Legion Baseball program. Support which helps The American Legion's local posts in the development of young people across the country. That's peace of mind. Buick and The American Legion — a winning team. Visit our Web site at http://www.buick.com or call 1-800-4A-BU1CK. Vol. 141, No. 5 The Magazine for a Strong America OUT OF THE ASHES By Steve Salerno The art of the flag: Out of inspiration but into nihilism. GIVE GIS A NOBEL PRIZE ByN.J. Kressel They've saved the world more than once. WAR OF WORDS By Johanna Neuman A (Persian) Gulf between media and military. HEALTHY RETURNS Why the Gl Bill of Health broadens the VHA system. UNCLE SAM'S MIKE FORCE By Ken Cauthern Training those who are on duty on the air DEEP TROUBLE BylVliles l. Epstein Sunken Russian subs are still a danger 1 D STILL SERVING AMERICA Report from the Salt Lake City National Convention. RESOLUTIONS For the good of the nation, The American Legion resolves. HIGHLIGHTS Guests, bands, meetings and speakers; Legionnaires tend to their business. NATIONAL OFFICERS Introducing the 1996-97 American Legion leaders. BIG ISSUES Should Congress Cease Funding National Endowment for Arts? VETVOICE I ON DUTY II VETS 11 COMMANDER'S MESSAGE P YOUR AMERICAN LEGION PARTING SHOTS WASHINGTON WATCH VETERANS UPDATE ii COVER Americans in uniform are the guarantors of our freedom and the general peace.
    [Show full text]
  • 1. MDI Combroad Fm 3Pp.Indd
    COMMUNICATIONS AND BROADCASTING Milestones in Discovery and Invention COMMUNICATIONS AND BROADCASTING REVISED EDITION FROM WIRED WORDS TO WIRELESS WEB uHarry Henderson COMMUNICATIONS AND BROADCASTING: From Wired Words to Wireless Web, Revised Edition Copyright © 2007, 1997 by Harry Henderson All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, record- ing, or by any information storage or retrieval systems, without permission in writing from the publisher. For information contact: Chelsea House An imprint of Infobase Publishing 132 West 31st Street New York NY 10001 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Henderson, Harry. Communications and broadcasting : from wired words to wireless Web / Harry Henderson.—Rev. ed. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-8160-5748-6 1. Telecommunication—History—Juvenile literature. I. Title. TK5102.4.H46 2006 384—dc22 2006005577 Chelsea House books are available at special discounts when purchased in bulk quantities for businesses, associations, institutions, or sales promotions. Please call our Special Sales Department in New York at (212) 967-8800 or (800) 322-8755. You can find Chelsea House on the World Wide Web at http://www.chelseahouse.com Text design by James Scotto-Lavino Cover design by Dorothy M. Preston Illustrations by Sholto Ainslie and Melissa Ericksen Printed in the United States of America MP FOF 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 This book is printed on acid-free paper.
    [Show full text]
  • Reception of SAQ Transmissions at Cohoe Radio Observatory on 1 July 2018 Whitham D
    Reception of SAQ Transmissions at Cohoe Radio Observatory on 1 July 2018 Whitham D. Reeve 1. Introduction In early June 2018 I was notified of the annual commemorative transmissions from Sweden planned for Alexanderson Day on 1 July 2018. These transmissions use the historical call sign SAQ and are sponsored by the Alexander Association, a group of dedicated historical radio enthusiasts. The station transmits only on special occasions. I previously attempted to receive SAQ’s transmissions on Christmas day 2017 at Anchorage but the local noise levels were far too high. During that same month I installed a new loop antenna at my Cohoe Radio Observatory for monitoring VLF and LF transmissions and detecting sudden ionospheric disturbances (SID). This installation uses an SDRPlay RSP2Pro software defined radio (SDR) receiver and SDRuno software. The initial site survey and test results with this combination were quite encouraging. I decided to attempt reception of the Alexanderson Day event at CRO and was successful. This paper describes the setup and results. 2. Stations The transmitting and receiving stations are on opposite sides of Earth but at roughly similar latitudes (table 1). Both stations are not far above sea level and are near to the ocean. The great circle path between SAQ and CRO is mostly over water and ice and passes almost directly over the North Pole (figure 1). Table 1 ~ Transmitting and receiving station details (AMSL: above mean sea level; AGL: above ground level; TN: true north reference) Elevation Antenna height Distance Direction Station Latitude Longitude (m AMSL) (m AGL) (km) (° TN) SAQ, Grimeton, 57° 06’ 23.1” N 12° 23’ 28.6” E 35 127 351 Sweden 6870 CRO, Cohoe, Alaska 60° 22' 04.7"N 151° 18' 55.1"W 22 3.5 010 USA SAQ is a historical longwave communications station in Grimeton, Sweden.
    [Show full text]