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Lepomis Macrochirus) University of Windsor Scholarship at UWindsor Electronic Theses and Dissertations Theses, Dissertations, and Major Papers 2009 Multiple social and ecological factors influence coloration in bluegills (Lepomis macrochirus) Karen Michelle Cogliati University of Windsor Follow this and additional works at: https://scholar.uwindsor.ca/etd Recommended Citation Cogliati, Karen Michelle, "Multiple social and ecological factors influence coloration in bluegills (Lepomis macrochirus)" (2009). Electronic Theses and Dissertations. 8250. https://scholar.uwindsor.ca/etd/8250 This online database contains the full-text of PhD dissertations and Masters’ theses of University of Windsor students from 1954 forward. These documents are made available for personal study and research purposes only, in accordance with the Canadian Copyright Act and the Creative Commons license—CC BY-NC-ND (Attribution, Non-Commercial, No Derivative Works). Under this license, works must always be attributed to the copyright holder (original author), cannot be used for any commercial purposes, and may not be altered. Any other use would require the permission of the copyright holder. Students may inquire about withdrawing their dissertation and/or thesis from this database. For additional inquiries, please contact the repository administrator via email ([email protected]) or by telephone at 519-253-3000ext. 3208. NOTE TO USERS This reproduction is the best copy available. UMI' MULTIPLE SOCIAL AND ECOLOGICAL FACTORS INFLUENCE COLORATION IN BLUEGILLS (Lepomis macrochirus) By KAREN MICHELLE COGLIATI A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies through Biological Sciences in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science at the University of Windsor Windsor, Ontario, Canada 2009 Karen Michelle Cogliati 2009 Library and Archives Bibliotheque et 1*1 Canada Archives Canada Published Heritage Direction du Branch Patrimoine de I'edition 395 Wellington Street 395, rue Wellington OttawaONK1A0N4 OttawaONK1A0N4 Canada Canada Your file Votre r&ference ISBN: 978-0-494-57624-3 Our file Notre reference ISBN: 978-0-494-57624-3 NOTICE: AVIS: The author has granted a non­ L'auteur a accorde une licence non exclusive exclusive license allowing Library and permettant a la Bibliotheque et Archives Archives Canada to reproduce, Canada de reproduire, publier, archiver, publish, archive, preserve, conserve, sauvegarder, conserver, transmettre au public communicate to the public by par telecommunication ou par I'lnternet, preter, telecommunication or on the Internet, distribuer et vendre des theses partout dans le loan, distribute and sell theses monde, a des fins commerciales ou autres, sur worldwide, for commercial or non­ support microforme, papier, electronique et/ou commercial purposes, in microform, autres formats. paper, electronic and/or any other formats. The author retains copyright L'auteur conserve la propriete du droit d'auteur ownership and moral rights in this et des droits moraux qui protege cette these. Ni thesis. Neither the thesis nor la these ni des extraits substantiels de celle-ci substantial extracts from it may be ne doivent etre imprimes ou autrement printed or otherwise reproduced reproduits sans son autorisation. without the author's permission. In compliance with the Canadian Conformement a la loi canadienne sur la Privacy Act some supporting forms protection de la vie privee, quelques may have been removed from this formulaires secondaires ont ete enleves de thesis. cette these. While these forms may be included Bien que ces formulaires aient inclus dans in the document page count, their la pagination, il n'y aura aucun contenu removal does not represent any loss manquant. of content from the thesis. 1*1 Canada DECLARATION OF CO-AUTHORSHIP I hereby declare that this thesis incorporates material that is the result of joint research. All three data chapters are co-authored with my supervisors, Drs. Lynda Corkum and Stephanie Doucet. My research was supported by both advisors, and each provided valuable feedback, helped with project design and statistical analyses, and provided editorial input during the writing of each manuscript. Chapter 2 was prepared as a manuscript, and has been submitted to Behaviour for publication. Chapter 3 has also been prepared submitted to Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology. Finally, Chapter 4 was prepared as a manuscript for submission to Oikos. I am aware of the University of Windsor Senate Policy on Authorship and I certify that I have properly acknowledged the contribution of other researchers to my thesis, and have obtained written permission from my co-authors to include the above materials in my thesis. I certify that, with the above qualification, this thesis, and the research to which it refers, is the product of my own work, completed during my registration as graduate student at the University of Windsor. I declare that, to the best of my knowledge, my thesis does not infringe upon anyone's copyright nor violate any proprietary rights and that any ideas, techniques, quotations, or any other material from the work of other people included in my thesis, published or otherwise, are fully acknowledged in accordance with the standard referencing practices. Furthermore, to the extent that I have included copyrighted material that surpasses the bounds of fair dealing within the meaning of the Canada Copyright Act, I certify that I have obtained a written permission from the copyright owners to include such materials in my thesis. iii I declare that this is a true copy of my thesis, including any final revisions, as approved by my thesis committee and the Graduate Studies office, and that this thesis has not been submitted for a higher degree to any other University of Institution. IV ABSTRACT Antagonistic interactions between sexual and natural selection influence the evolution of ornamental signals. I investigated possible functions of colourful traits in bluegills (Lepomis macrochirus). First, I conducted a descriptive study among eight lakes in Ontario to determine how colour traits varied with age, sex, season, and condition. My findings identified breast, cheek and opercular flap coloration as possible sexual ornaments. Subsequently, I investigated the role of sexual selection on coloration through observations of spawning bluegills. Results suggest that breast and cheek coloration influence female spawning behaviour and male reproductive success. Finally, I investigated effects of ecological factors on coloration. Vegetation type and density influenced coloration for all bluegills, and predator species richness influenced coloration of immature fish. These studies provide the first investigations of the function of coloration in bluegills and contribute to our understanding of the interacting influences of sexual and natural selection on the evolution of ornamental traits. v ACKNOWLEDGMENTS First and foremost, I sincerely thank my research advisors, Dr. Lynda Corkum and Dr. Stephanie Doucet, for their tremendous help and support throughout the entirety of my Masters. Thank you for being great mentors and teachers, and always finding the time to help me with my research, both in the lab and in the field. Also, I thank my graduate committee members, Dr. Trevor Pitcher and Dr. Phil Graniero, for all the helpful comments and suggestions regarding my research. For help with my field research, I thank Irena Bobeica, Jenny Brzozowski, Claudia Bustos, Clayton Hiltz, and Ben Meunier for coming on field trips and helping me collect bluegills. To Jenny Brzozowski and Krista Lajevardi, thank you for all the help of ageing bluegills - a challenging and daunting task that we successfully completed as a team. Thank you to the entire staff at Queen's University Biological Station, for making our stay pleasant, especially Frank Phelan and Floyd Connors for logistical assistance. A very special thank you to Krista Lajevardi, for her tremendous help and dedication as a field assistant at the Queen's University Biological Station. I also thank Tim Hain and Dave Phillip for field help and guidance at Lake Opinicon. I especially thank Dr. Bryan Neff for helping with the project design of Chapter 3 and for his guidance during our field season at Lake Opinicon. Thank you to all of my lab mates and colleagues, past and present, for making my time here adventurous and enjoyable: Melissa Abdellah, Sameen Ahmed, Irena Bobeica, Michelle Bondy, Jenny Brozowski, Claudia Bustos, Celia Chui, Jessica Cuthbert, Jillian Faraci, Bill Glass, Ellen Green, Daniel Hanley, Lisa Isabella-Valenzi, Krista Lajevardi, Ben Meunier, Allison Mistakidis, Katie Rieveley, Aaron Simpson, Gayathri Sreedharan, vi and Stan Yavno. Thank you all for the comments, feedback, and discussion over the years. Figure 4.1 was made by Li Wang, and I sincerely thank her for her time and dedication on this figure. This work was supported by the University of Windsor and by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada in the form of a Discovery grant to L.D. Corkum and Discovery and Research Tools and Instrumentation Grants to S.M. Doucet. This research was also partially supported by an Ontario Graduate Scholarship in Science and Technology award to K.M. Cogliati. Several thanks to my mother, father, and stepmother, for their continued love, support and encouragement over the years. I thank my sisters, Julie and Lisa for always being there, whether I need advice, a place to vent, or simply a bit of humour to brighten my day.
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