Overview on of Latvia 48

Overview on Phytoseiidae mites (, , Gamasina) of Latvia

INETA SALMANE, VALENTINA PETROVA

Institute of Biology, University of Latvia, 3 Miera Str., LV-2169, Salaspils, Latvia; e-mails: [email protected] ; [email protected]

SALMANE I., PETROVA V. 2002. OVERVIEW ON PHYTOSEIIDAE MITES (ACARI, MESOSTIGMATA, GAMASINA) OF LATVIA. – Latv. Entomol., 39: 48-54.

Abstract: This report gives an overview on Phytoseiidae mites of Latvia, based on data from previous works. Thirty five species collected from diverse habitats, various vegetation, as well as from soil and litter are listed. The widest variety (29 species) of Phytoseiidae was found on different species of trees and bushes. The most widely investigated and the most abundantly inhabited was Malus domestica with 16 Phytoseiidae species. Thirteen species were found on Fragaria x ananasa. obtusus was found to be the most widely distributed Phytoseiidae species in Latvia. Discussion about Latvian, Lithuanian, Estonia, Finland and South Sweden Phytoseiidae fauna was made. Species composition highly differed amongst those sites. Differences can be explained by various methods of collecting and processing of the material, as well as by differences of climate. The highest number of species was found for Lithuania and Latvia.

Key words: Phytoseiidae, predatory mites, Gamasina, fauna, ecology, Latvia.

Introduction Petrov, 1970, 1972, 1977a,b; Steinite et all., 1998). Phytoseiidae mites are widely distributed in Investigations of the Phytoseiidae fauna of most terrestrial ecosystems. They live in the Latvia were made by N.Kuznetzov and foliage or on bark of trees and bushes, on other V.Petrov (1978, 1979), V.Petrova (Petrova et vegetation, additionally some species are all., 1997, 2000a,b), A.Prieditis (1966, 1968, common litter and soil inhabitants (Evans et 1971, 1995), A.Prieditis and E.Plise (1975), all., 1985). Predatory mites belonging to the V.Petrov (1971, 1973), E.Plise (1972, 1974) family Phytoseiidae regulate pest and I.Salmane (Melecis et all., 1994; Paulina, populations (Murtry, Croft, 1997), they are Salmane, 1996, 1999, Petrova, Salmane, 2000; especially important controllers of high Salmane, 1996, 1999, 2000a,b, 2001; Salmane, densities of phytophagous mites. Most of the Heldt, 2001; Salmane et all., 1999) in diverse phytoseiids are able to survive and reproduce on ecosystems, such as woods, inland meadows, other like eriophyiid and tarsonemid orchards, strawberry fields, salty coastal mites, etc., fungi, pollen and sap of plants meadows, dunes and littoral zone. (Easterbrook, 1992; Evans et all., 1985; Helle, N. Kuznetzov and V.Petrov (1984) made a Sabelis, 1985; Walter, Proctor, 2000). first review of data on Latvian phytoseiids, Some introduced phytoseiids like where they also included own investigations of persimilis Athias-Henriot, 1957, 1976-1981. Later I.Lapina included this list of Amblyseius barkeri (syn. A. mckenziei Schuster Phytoseiidae in her overview of Latvian et Pritchard, 1963), A. cucumeris, A. Gamasina (Lapina, 1988). I.Salmane (2001) () fallacis (Garman, 1948) and made the third notification of Phytoseiidae pyri Scheuten, 1857 have been mites within a check-list of Latvian Gamasina used as control agents for some pests in mites and registered for Latvia 35 species. greenhouses and outdoor agrocenoses in many Several investigations on ecology, biology countries and some of them are also used in and histology of native and introduced Latvia (Bennison, Jacobson, 1991; Nesbitt, Phytoseiidae mites were made (Emeljanov, 1951; Petrova, Hramejeva, 1989a; Petrova, Petrov, 1973, 1975; Karps et all., 1990; Lapina, Melecis, 1985, 1989; Petrov 1971; Petrova, 49 Latvijas Entomologs, 2002, 39: 48-54.

1969, 1970; Petrova, Petrov, 1977b; Petrova, (tab. 1). A. marinus and A. andersoni were Hramejeva, 1989b; Petrova et all., 1990; typical species for coastal dunes and washed Prieditis, Plise, 1975). The present paper gives ashore material (Salmane, 2000b; Salmane, an overview on Latvian Phytoseiidae Heldt, 2001); A. finlandicus, A. subsolidus, and summarising all data from literature. A. rhenanus were common on M. domestica. A. obtusus, A. cucumeris, A. meridionalis and A. zwoelferi were common litter and moss Results and discussion inhabitants (Salmane, 1999, 2000b, 2001; Salmane, Heldt, 2001; Paulina, Salmane, 1996, The respective investigations were made on 1999). various deciduous and coniferous trees, bushes, The Phytoseiidae fauna also was diverse plants and mosses, in the soil and litter. investigated in Lithuania and the list of According to N.Kuznetzov and V.Petrov, fauna Phytoseiidae included about 42 species of phytoseiids was intensivelly investigated in (Eitminavichute, 1976; Pauriene, 1968a,b; 1977-1979 in Latvia. Twenty seven Kuznetzov, Petrov, 1984; Malov, Begljarov, Phytoseiidae species were found in 78 localities 1985). According to those authors, the most from 4 regions of Latvia (Kurzeme, Zemgale, abundant species in Lithuania were Anthoseius Vidzeme, Latgale) during July-August 1977, tortor Begljarov 1981 and June-August 1978 and August 1979. Totally, 12 aberrans Oudemans 1930 (both unknown from species registered in orchards (39 locations). Latvia) and also some species of the genus Species Amblyseius finlandicus (31 locations), Ribaga, 1902. On the cultivated A. subsolidus (10), A. rhenanus (4), Phytoseius berries, the most common species were salicis (17), and incognitus (8) Amblyseius finlandicus, A. umbraticus (both were common in all four regions. Amblyseius also known from Latvia, tab. 1) and A. krantzi finlandicus (11 locations), A. subsolidus (6), (Chant, 1959) (unknown from Latvia). Twelve and Paraseiulus incognitus (6) were registered Phytoseiidae species occur in Estonia as inhabitants of orchards. Four species were (Eitminavichute, 1976; Kuznetzov, Petrov, found only in some locations: A. obtusus (6), A. 1984). cucumeris (5), A. rhenanus (4), and A The fauna of Phytoseiidae mites (in total 19 rademacheri (4); other species were relatively species) was studied in South Sweden by rare in orchards. N.Steeghs et all. (1993) strongly differs from By I.Salmane fauna of phytoseiids of salty that of Latvia. This is mainly due to fact that in coastal meadow soils was studied for the first South Sweden various trees and bushes were time in Latvia and ten species were registered investigated while in Latvia it was a wide range there (Salmane, 1999; Salmane et all., 1999). of habitats (tab. 1). Seventeen phytoseiid Thirteen Phytoseiidae species were registered species for Latvia (tab. 1) and 11 for South on cultivated strawberry Fragaria x ananasa by Sweden were found on M. domestica, however, V.Petrova et all. (2000a,b). Amongst them 11 only 2 of them were common for both sites – A. species were found for the first time on finlandicus and Anthoseius rhenanus. The most strawberries in Latvia. frequent species in South Sweden is Altogether 35 Phytoseiidae species were Typhlodromus pyri (unknown from Latvia) and found in Latvia (tab. 1). The highest number of A. finlandicus (also found in Latvia, tab. 1). On them was registered on the various trees and cultivated strawberries, 13 phytoseiid species bushes (29 species). The most widely were found for Latvia, 6 for Finland (Tuovinen, investigated (amongst trees and bushes) and the 1995), and 5 for South Sweden (Steeghs et all., most abundantly inhabited was Malus 1993). Four of them were common for Latvia, domestica with 16 Phytoseiidae species. Finland and South Sweden: A. finlandicus, A. Twenty-seven phytoseiid species were found on reductus, A. zwoelferi, and A. okanagensis. other various plants. Differences in fauna of Phytoseiidae in was found to be the Baltic States and Scandinavia obviously can be most common Phytoseiidae species in Latvia related to the variability of methods used in Overview on Phytoseiidae mites of Latvia 50 collecting and processing of mites. The strawberries in the UK by predatory mites. – sampling from foliage of cultivated and wild Biocontrol. Sci. Technol., 2: 235-245. trees, bushes and plants, also by soil samples, Eitminavichute I.S. 1976. Soil invertebrate and processing by Tullgren funnels was used in fauna of the coastal area in the East Baltic Latvia, Lithuania and Estonia. In Scandinavia, region. Mokslas, Vilnius: 1-172 (in Russian, sampling from foliage and processing by English abstract). method of flotation was used. There are also Emeljanov V.A., Petrov V.M. (  differences in climate, where it is relatively ..,   ..) 1973. [An investigation warmer in South of Baltic (more favorable of the predatory mite phytoseiids conditions for phytoseids). ravenousity during nutrition by eriophyiid mite Vasates schlechtendali Nal.]. - In: The theoretical and practical questions of the Acknowledgments rational use of and plants. Zinatne, Riga: 37-38 (in Russian). Authors are very grateful for given help in Emeljanov V.A., Petrov V.M. (  checking of English to Dr. M.Kirrage-de-Hond ..,   ..) 1975. [Investigations (London). of winter location by phytoseiid mites]. - Latvian Acad. Agric., 84: 36-38 (in Russian). Kopsavilkums Evans G.O., Griffiths D., Macfarlane D., Murpfy P.W. & Till W.M. 1985. The Acari. Tika veikts prskats par Phytoseiidae grupas A practical manual, vol. 1. Morphology and Gamasina rću (Acari, Mesostigmata) classification. University of Nottingham, ptjumiem un literatru Latvij. Kopum School of Agricultural: 1-256. konstattas 35 fitosedu sugas, no tm visvairk Helle W., Sabelis M.W. (eds) 1985. Spider sugu (29) atrastas uz kokiem un krmiem. mites. Their biology, Natural Enemies, and Sešpadsmit sugas atrastas uz Malus domestica Control. Elsevier, Amsterdam, B: 1-458. un 13 uz Fragaria x ananasa. Amblyseius Karps A., Lapina I., Melecis V. 1990. obtusus konstatta k Latvij visplašk Environmental pollution by the pig slurry. sastopam suga. Phytoseiidae dzimtas rću Zinatne, Riga: 1-240 (in Russian, English fauna saldzinta ar prjm Baltijas valstm, abstract). Dienvidzviedriju un Somiju un konstattas Kuznetzov N.N., Petrov V.M. (  .., ievrojamas sugu sastva atširbas. Daji šs   ..) 1978. [The preliminary atširbas izskaidrojamas ar daždm materilu materials of the investigations of predatory ievkšanas un apstrdes metodm, k ar mite fauna in the East Baltic region]. - In: klimatisko apstku atširbm Scandinavij un Biological foundation of the rational use of Baltij. Vislielk sugu daudzveidba ir the and plant world. Zinatne, Riga: konstatta Lietuv. 272-273 (in Russian). Kuznetzov N.N., Petrov V.M. (  ..,   ..) 1979. [Acari communities in References apple orchards of Latvian SSR]. - In: The problems of the protection of apple trees Bennison J.A., Jacobson R. 1991. Integrated from pests and diseases. Latvian Acad. control of Frankliniella occidentalis Agric., Jelgava: 44-47 (in Russian). (Pergande) in UK cucumber crops– Kuznetzov N.N., Petrov V.M. (  .., evaluation of a controlled release system of   ..) 1984. [Predatory mites of the introducing Amblyseius cucumeris. - Baltic Region (: Phytoseiidae, Meded. Fac. Landboawwetensch. : )]. Zinatne, Riga: Rijkseeniv. Gent., 56, 2A: 251-258. 1-144 (in Russian). Easterbrook M.A. 1992. The possibilities for Lapina I. M. 1988. Gamasin mites of Latvia. control of two-spotted Zinatne, Riga: 1-198 (in Russian, English on field-grown abstract). 51 Latvijas Entomologs, 2002, 39: 48-54.

Lapina I., Melecis V. 1985. Investigations of Lithuanian SSR]. Ph.D. Thesis. Vilnius: 1- the soil Gamasina mites (Mesostigmata, 17 (in Russian). Gamasina) in calciferous dust polluted Petrov V.M. 1971. The study species compound biotopes. – In: Berina D., Kacalova O.L., and ecology of the spider mites in Latvian Lapina I. (eds.). Environmental pollution by SSR. - Proc. Latvian Acad. Sci., 7: 26-32 (in the calciferous dust: 110-126. Zinatne, Riga: Russian, English abstract). 1-224 (in Russian, English abstract). Petrov V.M. (  ..) 1973. [The spider Lapina I., Melecis V. 1989. On sampling mites–plant pests in Latvian SSR]. Ph.D. method of soil gamasina mites for Thesis. Riga: 1-24 (in Russian). ecological investigations. – In: Kachalova Petrova V.I. 1969. The development of female O.L. (ed.). The impact of highway transport sexual cells of the predatory mite emissions on natural environment: 117-125. Phytoseiulus persimilis Athias-Henriot. - Zinatne, Riga: 1-148 (in Russian, English Proc. Latvian Acad. Sci., 12: 17-22 (in abstract). Russian, English abstract). Malov N.A., Begljarov G.A. (M  .., Petrova V.I. 1970. Construction and    ..) 1985. [To fauna of development of the male sexual system of phytoseiids of Lithuania]. - In: Materials of the predatory mite Phytoseiulus persimilis 5th Allunion Conference of Acarology. A.-H.. - Proc. Latvian Acad. Sci., 5: 24-27 Ilim, Frunze, 196-197 (in Russian). (in Russian, English abstract). Mc Murtry J.A., Croft B.A. 1997. Life styles of Petrova V., Ćudare Z., Šteinte I. 2000a. phytoseiid mites and their roles as Invertebrate fauna on strawberry in Latvia. biological control agents. – Ann. Rev. Proc. Latvian Acad. Sci. - Proc. Latvian Entomol., 42: 291-321. Acad. Sci., 54/3 (608): 79-84. Melecis V., Spote I., Paulina E. 1994. Soil Petrova V., Ćudare Z., Šteinite I. 2000b. microarthropods as potential bioindicators Seasonal dynamics of predatory mites for coastal monitoring. - In: Abstracts of the (Acari: Phytoseiidae) on strawberries in International Conference “Coastal Latvia. – Ekológia (Bratislava), 19/3: 207- conservation and management in the Baltic 210. region”, Klaipeda: 111-115. Petrova V.I., Hramejeva A.V. (  ."., Nesbitt H.H.J. 1951. A taxonomic study of the #  ..) 1989a. [Predatory mite (family Laelaptidae) Amblyseius mckienziei as a regulator of predaceous upon Tetranychidae of numbers Thrips tabaci on the cucumbers]. – economic importance. - Zool. Verh., 12: 1- In: Aspects of biological regulation of plant 64. pest numbers. Zinatne, Riga: 68-91 (in Paulina E., Salmane I. 1996. Fauna of free Russian). living gamasin mites (Acari, Gamasina) and Petrova V.I., Hramejeva A.V. (  ."., springtails (Insecta, Collembola) at biotopes #  ..) 1989b. [The study of the of Engure reserve. - Daba un muzejs, 6: 67- Amblyseius longispinosus predation 71. activity]. – In: Aspects of biological Paulina E., Salmane I. 1999. Collembola and regulation of plant pest numbers. Zinatne, gamasin mites of the restricted area Lake Riga: 39-67 (in Russian). Engure, Latvia. – Proc. XXIV Nordic Petrova V.I., Hramejeva A.V., Petrov V.M. Congr. Entomol., Tartu: 145-150. (  ."., #  ..,   Pauriene B. (  .) 1968a. [Predatory ..) 1990. [Predatory mite Phytoseiulus mites (Acarina, Phytoseiidae) in orchards of persimilis Athias-Henriot population state Lithuania]. - Proc. Lithuan. Acad. Agric., after the bitoxibacillin application]. – In: 4/2: 71-73 (in Lithuanian). Biological and chemical plant protection Pauriene B. (  .) 1968b. means from injurious organisms and their [Investigation of the phytophagous mites in efficiency. Latvian Acad. Agric., Jelgava: orchards and ornamental plantations of 62-69 (in Russian). Overview on Phytoseiidae mites of Latvia 52

Petrova V., Hramejeva A., Steinite I. 1997. population]. – In: Biological method of Thrips and their natural enemies in control with plant pests. Zinatne, Riga: 328- greenhouses. – Proc. Latvian Acad. Sci., 51, 338 (in Russian). 3/4: 176-178. Prieditis A. 1971. [Injurious arthropods species Petrova V.I., Petrov V.M. 1970. The use of compound of the apple agrocenosis, and its predatory mite Phytoseiulus persimilis A.- practical significance]. - Proc. Latvian H. to control of spider mites. - Proc. Latvian Acad. Agric., 42: 11-27 (in Latvian). Acad. Sci., 2: 122-125 (in Russian, English Prieditis A. 1995. [Integrated apple pest control abstract). in Latvia]. - Ph.D. Thesis. Jelgava: 1-63 (in Petrova V.I., Petrov V.M. (  ."., Latvian).   ..) 1972. [Recommendation for Prieditis A., Plise E. ( &  $ .,  $ %.) use of the predatory mite Phytoseiulus 1975. [The possibility of the integrated persimilis A.-H. to biological control of control with mite Panonychus ulmi Koch in spider mites]. - In: Management of the Latvia]. – Proc. Latvian Acad. Agric., 84: 3- scientifically technical information. Riga: 1- 16 (in Russian). 12 (in Russian). Salmane I. 1996. Gamasin mites (Acari, Petrova V., Petrov V. (  .,   .) Gamasina) of Kurzeme coast of the Baltic 1977a. [Phytoseiulus control the spider Sea. – Latv. Entomol., 35: 28-34. mites in greenhouses]. Zinatne, Riga: 1-26 Salmane I. 1999. Soil free-living predatory (in Russian). Gamasina mites (Acari, Mesostigmata) from Petrova V.I., Petrov V.M. (  ."., the coastal meadows of Riga Gulf, Latvia. -   ..) 1977b. [Possibility of the Latv. Entomol., 37: 104-114. simultaneous use of the pathogenous fungus Salmane I. 2000a. Investigations of the seasonal Entomophthora thaxteriana Petch and dynamics of Gamasina mites (Acari, predatory mite Phytoseiulus persimilis A.- Mesostigmata) in the pine forests of Latvia. H. to control of greenhouse pests]. - In: – Ekológia (Bratislava), 19/3: 245-252. Entomopathogenous microorganisms and Salmane I. 2000b. The soil-dwelling predatory their use to control with plant pests. Zinatne, Gamasina mite (Acari, Mesostigmata) fauna Riga: 78-86 (in Russian). of seashore habitats on the Kurzeme Coast Petrova V., Salmane I. 2000. Some mite species of Latvia. – Ekológia (Bratislava), 19/4: 87- from mass-rearing laboratories of 96. commercial mushrooms and beneficial Salmane, I., 2001. A check-list of Latvian arthropods in Latvia. – Ekológia Gamasina mites (Acari, Mesostigmata) with (Bratislava), 19/3: 211-212. short notes to their ecology. – Latv. Plise E. ( $ %.) 1972. [Significance of the Entomol., 38: 27-39. predatory mites in the phytophagous mites Salmane I., Heldt S. 2001. Predatory soil mites regulation]. – In: Materials of the (Acari, Mesostigmata, Gamasina) from the interrepublic scientifically-practical western Baltic coast of Latvia. – conference of the total doctoranture, Acarologia, 41/3: 295-301. Leningrad: 120-122 (in Russian). Salmane I., Melecis V., Paulina E. 1999. Soil Plise E. ( $ %.) 1974. [Species compound, Collembola (Insecta) and Gamasina (Acari) biology, and agricultural significance of the of salty coastal meadows of Latvia. - Proc. tetranychids in the apple cenosis of Latvia]. XXIV Nordic Congr. Entomol., Tartu: 157- – Ph.D. Thesis. Jelgava: 1-33 (in Russian). 162. Prieditis A.P. ( &  $ ..) 1966. Steeghs N., Nedstam B., Lundqvist L. 1993. [Influence of the chemical plant protection Predatory mites of the family Phytoseiidae system on injurious and beneficial (Acari, Mesostigmata) from South Sweden. arthropods in apple agrocenosis]. – Ph.D. - Ent. Tidskr., Uppsala: 114, 1/2: 19-27. Thesis. Jelgava: 1-28 (in Russian). Steinite I., Petrova V., Tenbergs G., Jankevica Prieditis A.P. ( &  $ ..) 1968. L. 1998. The use of the predatory mite [Influence of the biological and chemical Oud. for pest control factors on the Metatetranychus ulmi Koch (Tetranychus urticae Koch, Thrips tabaci 53 Latvijas Entomologs, 2002, 39: 48-54.

L.) in gerbera. - In: The Baltic Botanic Kropczynska, J. Boczek and A. Tomczyk Gardens, Tallinn: 45-50. (eds.), Officyna DABOR, Warszawa: 1-698. Walter D. E., Proctor H. C. 2000. Mites. Tuovinen T. 1995. Phytoseiid mites on Ecology, evolution and behavior. - CABI, cultivated berries in Finland. - In: The Wallingford: 1-322. Acari. Physiological and Ecological Aspects of Acari-Host Relationships: 315-322. D. Received: February 12, 2002.

Table 1. List of Phytoseiidae species and habitats investigated in Latvia.

Phytoseiidae species Leaf samples from Litter, Soil samples Trees, bushes Other plants mosses (coastal habitats)

Typhlodromus cotoneastri Wainstein, Malus domestica 1961 Typhlodromus tiliae Oudemans, 1929 Malus domestica Rubus spp., grasses Anthoseius clavatus Wainstein, 1972 Malus domestica grasses Anthoseius caudiglans (Schuster, Malus domestica Rubus spp., 1959) grasses Anthoseius rhenanus (Oudems, 1905) Malus domestica Rubus spp., grasses Anthoseius rapidus Wainstein et Betula spp., Arutunjan, 1967 Quercus spp. Paraseiulus soleiger (Ribaga, 1902) wild plants Paraseiulus incognitus Wainstein et Malus domestica, grasses Arutunjan, 1967 various bushes Amblyseius bakeri Garman, 1948 Juniperus Rubus spp. dunes communis, Malus domestica, Pinus sylvestris Amblyseius obtusus C.L.Koch, 1839 Malus domestica, Rubus spp., litter (esp. washed ashore, Acer spp., Pinus Vaccinium coniferous dunes, coastal spp., Quercus spp. spp., grasses forests) meadows Amblyseius herbarius Wainstein, 1960 Corylus avellana Fragaria x dunes ananasa Amblyseius rademacheri Dosse, 1958 Acer spp., Alnus Fragaria x coastal meadows spp., Betula spp., ananasa, Juniperus grasses communis Amblyseius graminis Chant, 1956 Juniperus grasses coastal meadows, communis, Malus dunes domestica Amblyseius messor Wainstein, 1960 Alnus spp. Rubus spp. coastal meadows, dunes Amblyseius aurescens Athias-Henriot, Sorbus spp. Fragaria x coastal meadows, 1961 ananasa dunes Amblyseius reductus Wainstein, 1962 Quercus spp. Fragaria x coastal meadows ananasa Amblyseius cucumeris (Oudemans, Betula spp., Malus Fragaria x litter 1930) domestica, ananasa, Sorbus spp., grasses Amblyseius meridionalis (Berlese, Pinus spp., mosses, coastal meadows, 1914) Juniperus litter dunes communis

Overview on Phytoseiidae mites of Latvia 54

Continuation of table 1.

Amblyseius begljarovi Abbasova, 1970 Betula spp., Salix Urtica spp., spp. Medicago spp. Amblyseius zwoelferi (Dosse, 1957) Fragaria x litter coastal meadows, ananasa, dunes Trifolium spp. Amblyseius agrestis (Karg, 1960) Fragaria x mosses washed ashore, ananasa dunes Amblyseius subsolidus Begljarov, Malus domestica, Fragaria x 1960 various trees ananasa, F. vesca, various plants Amblyseius okanagensis (Chant, 1957) Alnus spp. Fragaria x ananasa, Rubus spp. Phytoseius salicis Wainstein et Acer spp., Malus Fragaria vesca, Arutunjan, 1970 domestica, bushes grasses Amblyseius finlandicus (Oudemns, Acer spp., Malus Fragaria x 1915) domestica, Ulmus ananasa, F. spp. vesca Amblyseius marginatus (Wainstein, Sorbus spp., coastal meadows 1961) Quercus spp. Amblyseius bicaudus Wainstein, 1962 Fragaria x washed ashore, ananasa, dunes, coastal grasses meadows Amblyseius barkeri (Hughes, 1948) Fragaria x dunes ananasa Amblyseius umbraticus (Chant, 1956) Malus domestica Amblyseius levis Wainstein, 1960 Juniperus Rubus spp. communis Amblyseius astutus (Begljarov, 1960) Juniperus Rubus spp., communis grasses Amblyseius marinus (Willman, 1952) washed ashore, dunes (Chant, 1957) dunes Phytoseius macropilis (Banks, 1904) Malus domestica Phytoseius juvenis Wainstein et Malus domestica, Rubus spp. Arutunjan, 1970 Prunus spp., Salix spp. Totally: 35 29 27 6 13