Index

References to figures appear in italic type, and those to tables appear in bold type

Aafjord Group 194 ammonoid communities in L Palaeozoic 535 Aberdeenshire gabbros 44 Ammonoosuc volcanics 281,282 Acadian orogeny 500-1,503,621 Amphiaspid FaunalProvince 537 metamorphic styles 453,454, 455,460, 461,462, amphibolite-facies metamorphism 463~4 Britain 117, 123, 124, 126, 128,458 plutonism 562, 566-7 Canada 141,142, 200, 207, 461,462 sedimentary record 526 France 510 subduction regime 464-5,475 Iberia 460, 615 timing of maximum Scandinavia 136, 137, 138, 157, 372, 373,455, 457 Canada 443-6 Finnmarkian 136, 137, 138, 157 USA 449-51 Scandian 372, 373,455, 457 volcanism 418-22, 566 USA accreted terranes see terranes Acadian 455, 464 accretionary prisms Arenig-Wenlock 319, 321,328, 330, 338 Baltoscandian 375-6 Pre-Arenig 142--4, 145 Southern Uplands-Longford-Down 300, 464, 475- Post-Acadian 599, 602, 603,604 6, 486 Taconic 590 acritarch colour and metamorphism 355 Andovergranite 296,317, 382 Adamstown pluton 317 Anglesey 68, 117,270, 271,277, 487 Adoudou Supergroup 87 Ankerbjerg 392 Adoudounian Formation 216, 217 Anse Miranda Formation 78 Adrar Supergroup 87 Antagmus 98 Aegir MarineBand 535 anthracite reflectivity and metamorphism 604 African craton, W 217,219 Anti-Atlas belt 86-7, 189, 190-1,216, 623 geophysical boundaries 52, 53 AntigonishHighlands 51, 70, 164 palaeomagnetic data 474 An-t-Sron Formation 80, 202 pre-Arenig sediments 86-7 Aporthophyla 256 see also Mauritania; Morocco Appalachian Mountains Agadir fault 508 Canada Alabama basement 7, 24, 25, 28, 65, 189 metamorphism 335 deformation 296-7, 445-6 sedimentary record 78 geophysicaltrends 8, 9, 11-12, 50 volcanism 151 metamorphism 141,142, 207-8,461,462, 597- Alabama recess and promontory 10, 11,516, 521-2 8,604-5 Albemarle Group 161,162 plutonism 384, 565-6 Albert shale 538 sedimentary record 78-9,200, 442-3,516 Algeria pre-Arenig sediments 86-7 volcanism 275,277, 278-81,418-22 Alleghanian orogenic events USA Hercynian/Variscan links 58, 586, 606 basement 13, 24, 25, 27-8, 29-30, 64-5, 118, 119 metamorphism 463, 597-8, 598-603, 604 deformation 292-6, 449-50, 507-8,509, 525-6, plutonism 566-7 590-2 tectonothermal deformation 450, 465,476, 477, geophysical trends 4-7, 11-12, 50, 52, 53 526, 527, 560, 590 metamorphism 141-5, 207-8, 311-37,462, 463- timing 500, 566-7 4, 464-5,598-604, 605-6 Allentown Formation 78 plutonism 149-54, 381-3, 384-6, 560-5, 567-8 Alligator Back Formation 78 sedimentary record 76-8, 195-200, 515-25 Allochthons of Scandinavian Caledonides volcanism 149-54, 418-21,475 deformation 301,302, 430 Appalachian orogeny magmatism 155-61 geographicallimits 111,112 metamorphism 136-8 geophysical evidence sediments 250-63 magnetic and gravity 3-15 tectonostratigraphy 113, 205, 210-11,366, 367, seismic 21-30 372 tectonic elements 276 Alum shale 83 time limits 500 Amazon-Columbian branchiopod sub-province 473 Appin Group 80, 115, 116, 129, 131,202 Amdrup Formation 81 Applecross Formation 79 Ames Knob Formation 420 Appohimchi sub-province 472, 473

627 628 Index

Arbuckle Brook Formation 165 Balka sandstone 83 Arbuthnott Group 438, 442 Ballantrae Complex 282, 349,350, 351, 355,408 archaeocyathid distribution 99-100 Ballantraeophiolite 71,300 Archaeoperisaccus 474 Ballappel succession 202 Arden pluton 323 Balsfjord stratigraphy 259 Ardencaple Fjord 392 Baltic faunal provinces 98, 101,102, 104, 235, 240, Ardgour Granitic Gneiss (orthogneiss) 116, 129 242 ,~reskutan Nappe 373 Baltic Plate subduction 456, 464 Argyll Group 80, 115, 116, 131,154, 202, 203 Baltica Arisaig Group 421,439, 443 consolidation 186 Armagh Group 78 Laurentian separation 218-19, 365 Armorica marginal deformation 367, 487-8 metamorphism 459, 616-18 Palaeozoic positions 70, 71 Precambriansuccession 170 1 faunal evidence 233,236-7, 407 terrane position 40-1, 42, 43, 44, 169,473,474, palaeomagnetic evidence 38-40, 42-4,470-1, 475,476, 477, 488, 489, 499, 622 474, 475,476, 477 volcanism 285, 577, 580 Precambrian Armorican sandstone 85 positions 216-17 Armoricanoid trend 585 sedimentation 111 arthropod palaeobiology 533 Baltimoremafic complex 382 Arvonian volcanics 83, 84, 116-17, 167, 215, 449, Baltoscandianaccretionaryprism 375-6 464 Barents Sea continent 409, 411 Ascot Formation 79 Barents Sea Group 54 ash falls and flows 574,576, 578 Barr Group 409 AsheFormation 77, 152, 197 Barrovian style metamorphism Ashland-Wedowee belt (AWB) 197, 331,332, 335, France 454 337 Iberia 460, 461,614, 615,616 Askingarran Formation 104 Ireland 126 Assembler anomaly 6, 11-12 Scotland 116, 125, 126, 127, 209 Assynt 396 USA 600, 603, 604 Assyntian orogeny 494 Bartholin Land 392 Asturic phase 586 Bastion Formation 81 Atlantic Ocean 621,625 Batberg 392 Atlas Mountains 461 Bathyurina 240 Atops 99 Battleground Formation 161 Atteanpluton 317, 382 Bavlinella 97 Aurdalduplex 250, 261 Bay of Biscay fault 508 Autochthons of Scandinavian Caledonides Bay of Islands complex 153, 278 deformation 301,302, 430 Bays-of-Maine complex 385 metamorphism 136, 138 Beauceville Formation 188,208 sediments 247-9 Beaver Brook Formation 79 tectonostratigraphy 113,205, 210, 366, 367, 368-9 Bedded Succession 165, 167 Auttbea Formation 79 Beekmantown carbonate 78, 79 Avalon Peninsula type site 201,205,206, 214 Beiarn Nappe Complex 136, 372 Avalon terrane (Avalonia) 276 Beja zone 51 basement Precambrian 168, 212-14 Belair zone 603 drift positions 40-1, 96, 407,473,475,477,488, Belchertown pluton 385,463 489, 499, 501,502-3,622 Bell Island Group 86 evolution 218,220 Ben Levy Formation 80 geophysical boundaries 8-9, 11-12, 51, 55 Ben Vurich granite 116, 155, 209, 299 metamorphism 461,605 Benthamaspis 240 plutonism 384, 444, 563, 566, 567 bentonites 248 sedimentary record 84, 85, 86, 173 Bergen area Ordovician sediments 250, 253, 254, volcanism 161,164, 278-9, 282, 284, 285,563 255, 263, 264 Avalonian-Cadomian-Pan-African belt (ACPA) 186, Berkshire massif 311,318,322, 323 189, 195, 204-6 BettsCoveophiolite 278 Avalonian orogeny 192 Biddeford pluton 562 Avalonian trilobite province 98, 99, 100, 101,102, Bindal batholith 393, 394 104 bioherm distribution 239 biomeresin U Cambrian 102 Biri Formation 203 Baie Verte-Bromptonline 278, 296 Birrenwarks Traps 575 Baikalian orogeny 494 Birrimian belt 195 Bailiella 99 Biskopas Conglomerate 203 Index 629 bivalve communities in L Palaeozoic 535,537 Brookfield gneiss 205,213 Black Warrior foreland basin 521 Brettum Formation 203 Blacksburg Formation 161 Brunswickterrane 9, 55 Blackstone Group 86, 213, 220, 601 Buchan style metamorphism 125, 126, 128, 500 Bleidagranite 191,217 Buchans Group 278,422 Bloody Blufffault zone 294, 510, 599, 602, 605 Bull Arm Formation 85,201 Bloomsburg Formation 42, 471 Bull Formation 79 Blue Ridge belt Bulltinden Formation 304 basement 189 Burin Group 85, 163-4, 201,205 deformation 293, 508, 590-2, 624-5 Burlington granodiorite 296 metamorphism 324-5, 328, 332, 464 Burlingtonian deformation 192, 206, 208-9 plutonism 382, 384 sedimentary record 76, 197, 198 seismic data 28 blueschists 138,459,461 Cabo Ortegal unit 460 blueschist facies see glaucophane schist facies Cadomia 488, 489 Bohemian massif (craton) Cadomianocean 84, 85 189 basement 493-4 Cadomianorogeny 85, 168, 170, 189, 192, 215, 489 Caledonian events 473,494-7 Cadomian-Pan-African belt 84, 189, 195, 204-5, 206 early Palaeozoic tectonics 494 Caerfai Group 84 late Palaeozoic volcanism 577, 579, 580 Cahore Group 84 role in Armorica 40, 41,489 CailleachHead Formation 79 Boil Mountain Complex 153 Cairngorm plutons 396 Bomlo 111, 114, 277, 286, 287, 383 Cainsmore of Fleet pluton 396, 399 Bonavista Formation 86 Caithness Flagstone Group 438, 443,538 Borrowdale volcanics 283 CaldwellGroup 78, 188, 208 Boston Basin 601 Caledonian Mountains 499 Boston Bay Group 86 Caledonian orogeny Botwood Group 444 geographical limits 111,112,482 Botwood zone 201,206, 209, 278,279 geophysical evidence Bou Azzer complex 191, 216, 219 magnetic and gravity 3-15 Bou RegregFormation 87 seismic 21-30 Bovisand Beds 437,438 tectonic elements 276, 481 Brabant Massif 489 time limits 131,438,494-5,500, 621 brachiopods Caledonide Suture Seismic Profile (CSSP) 22, 25, 26 in L Palaeozoic 102, 104, 270-1,272, 532-5 Caledonides defined in stratigraphic correlation 251,252, 254, 256, 258, British-Irishtectonostratigraphy 297, 347, 348 261 Scandinavian tectonostratigraphy 111, 113,365, Brae granite 394 366, 367,430 Braintree Formation 86 Calodiscus 98 Bray Group 84, 86 Camarella cf nuda 256 BreivikFormation 82, 204 Campanuladal Formation 81 BreivikbotnGabbro Complex 160,368 Canada, maritime provinces of Bretonian (Bretonic) phase 573,586, 616 accretedterranes 163-5 Brevard fault zone (BZ) 119,332, 335,337,450, 464, deformation 192, 293, 296 508 metamorphism 141,207,597-8, 604-5 Brignogan granite 617 sedimentary record 78-9, 85-6 Brigus Formation 86 see also New Brunswick; Newfoundland; Nova Brioverian Scotia; Quebec crustal 84, 168-9 Canyon Formation 81 supracrustal 85, 170-1,493-4 Cape Ann 49, 51,296 Briscoia 102 Cape Breton Island 142 Britain Cape St John Group 79,422 palaeomagnetic data 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 473,475-6 Cardigan pluton 385 see also Channel Islands; England; Ireland; Isle of Carn Chuinneag granite 154,155, 298,299 Man; Scotland; Wales Carnsore granite 165, 167 Brittany Carnsore granodiorite 214 accretedterranes 168-73,502 Carolina-Mississippi fault 55 basement rocks and structures 54, 55-6, 70, 215 Carolina slate belt (CSB) metamorphism 616--18 geophysical anomalies 9 plutonism 398 metamorphism 212-13,333, 335, 337, 603,604 sedimentary record 85 plutonism 70 volcanism 425-6 sediments and fauna 86, 96, 97, 206 Bronson Hill massif 86, 280, 382, 407,409, 410 volcanism 161,162 630 Index

Carolinaterrane 173 conductivity variations at depth 12-13 Carolinidian orogenesis 194 confacies belts of Scandinavia 249 CascoBay Group 142, 383,384 Connaigne Bay Group 85, 164 Cass Fjord Formation 81,187 Connecticut CatoctinFormation 77, 153, 196, 197 deformation 294 Catskill delta 501,515 metamorphism 145,207, 318, 320, 323,601,602 Catskill Formation 474 plutonism 317, 382, 564-5 Catskill-Poconoclastic wedge 475, 515-18,526 sedimentary record 79, 86 Cavendish Formation 78 volcanism 279 celadonite and metamorphic grade 349, 353 Connecticut Valley-Gasp~ Trouph 419,420 Central Highland Division 115, 116, 129, 130, 486 Connecting Point Group 85 Central Mobile Belt 461 Connemara gabbros 299 CentralNewfoundland Microcontinent 271,272 Connemaramassif 126,484 Central Piedmont Suture 501 Conococheague Formation 78 Cephalaspid faunal province 537 conodonts cephalopods in stratigraphic correlation 252, 258 in L Palaeozoic 102, 104, 272, 535-6 Chain Lakes massif 118, 153 in metamorphic grade analyses 349,354, 355,604 Chaleurs Bay Group 418, 419, 439, 444 in stratigraphic correlation 251,256 Chanceport Group 422 Consortium for Continental Reflection Profiling Channel Islands (COCORP) seismic profile 27, 28 accretedterranes 168-70, 171,173 contact metamorphism 320,321,457, 458 deformation 70, 116, 192, 215 continental reconstructions through time Channerwick granite 394 Precambrian 42, 96, 186, 219 Charcot Land 392 Cambrian/Ordovician 3, 42, 43, 70, 235, 406 Charlie fracture zone 9, 12 Silurian/Devonian 42, 43, 236, 410, 470, 499, 501, Charlotte Belt 86, 333, 382, 384 621 Charnia 97 Carboniferous/Permian 42, 43, 44, 471,472, 508 Charnian 83, 118, 167, 192, 215 Cooks Brook Formation 79 Charny Group 78 Copper Ridge Formation 78 Chauga Formation 78 corals chemical analyses, role in volcanics interpretation inL Palaeozoic 532-5 of 416 in stratigraphic correlation 254, 258, 259, 260 Cheshire Formation 79, 199, 200 Cordillerian FloralProvince 543 Cheviot Hills Lavas 422, 423-4 Coronaca granite 562 Cheviot pluton 396 Cortlandt complex 316, 318, 382 ChickamaugaGroup 198 Cosherton Group 438, 439 Chickies quartzite 78 CottrellsCove Group 422 Chilhowee Group 78, 197 Cow Head breccia 79, 208 Chopawamsic Formation 78, 162, 163 Coweeta Group 78 Church Stretton Fault 116 Coys Hillpluton 385 Chydeniusbreen pluton 390 cratonization 507, 512-13 Circum-Tethyan Floral Region 542,543 Craven-Bowland basin 551 Clare lineament 9 Crawton Group 438, 442 Clarenville Formation 86 Crossdowneygranite 397, 398 clastic wedges 515 Crossnore Igneous Complex 153 clay mineralogy and metamorphic grade 349,353, Cruachanlineament 124, 128 354 crustal sections 24-6 cleavage, transecting 486-7 Cryptolithus 241 Clew Bay fault zone 483, 485 Cullenstown Group 84, 86, 165 climatic evolution 532 Cumberland Basin 522, 523,524 Cloud Mountain Formation 79 Cunningsburgh granite 394 Cluanie granite pluton 298,299, 396 cyclopygid biofacies 240 Clyde Plateau lavas 575 Cycloroenzella 102 Cobequid Highlands 51,65, 70, 142, 164 Czechoslovakia Coedana granite I17 basement 493-4 Coldbrook Group 85, 165, 213 Caledonian events 494-7 Coldingham Beds 441 early Palaeozoic 494 Collector magnetic anomaly 6, 8, 11-12, 51 Columbiapluton 324, 328 Comley sandstone 84 Dalhousie Group 418, 419,439, 444 Conasauga Group 78 Dalradian Supergroup 80, 116, 154, 155,202, 484 Conception Bay Group 85 metamorphism 123,125, 126-7, 209-10 Conception Group 96, 97,201, 205,214 tectonomorphic domains 127-8, 131 Concord pluton 562 Dalsfjord Nappe 138,211 Index 631

Dalslandian 63, 66, 69, 189, 193, 194, 195, 493 England Dalton Formation 79, 199 accreted terranes 167,215,270, 271,473 Danmark Fjord Dolomite 187 basement 67, 116, 118 Dartmouth Beds 437,438 deformation 192, 301,444, 445, 483 Debsconeag diorite 385 metamorphism 348, 349, 351,352, 353, 358,458, Dedham Granite 162,213 459 Dedham-Milford terrane see Milford-Dedham zone palaeontology 104 Deer Lake Basin 523,524 plutonism 166,395, 396, 400 Deer Park complex 281 sedimentary record 83,437-8,440, 550, 551,552, Delaware metamorphic rocks 323 553,554, 555, 556 Denbigh Grits Group 438, 440 Ennerdale granite 396 Denmark basement 195 epidote-amphibolitefacies Dennys Formation 420 Britain 123, 124, 459 Diabaig Group 79 Scandinavia 455 Diamond Hill zone 564 USA 319, 321,338, 462, 463,464 Dicranograptus clingani 256 Ercall granophyre 581 Dictyonema spp. 104,251, 252, 262 EribollFormation 80, 202 Didymograptus spp. 241,256 Ericht-Laidon fault 483, 485 Digermul Group 82 Erving formation 418, 419 Dingle basin 549 Escuminac Formation 538 Dingle Group 438, 440 Eskdale granite 396 dispersal and faunal provinces 237-8 Esmond-Dedham zone (terrane) 143, 564, 602 Distinkhorn granodiorite 442 Esmond plutonic complex 213 Djaevlekloften 392 Euramerican Floral Province 543 DockendorffGroup 418, 420 Euramerican FloralRegion 543-4 Dolomite Point Formation 81 Euramericanplate positions 474, 477 Domnonean phase 85 Europe Donegal plutons and metamorphism 126,397-8,485 palaeogeographical reconstructions 550-6 Drepanura 102 Variscan front 508, 510,511 Dry Hill gneiss 295 European plate convergences 481 Dundeeterrane 270, 271 Evington Group 78 Dunfallandy Hill granite 116, 155 Exeterpluton 317, 320 Dunnage terrane (zone) 271,276 Exeter Traps 580 palaeontology 269-70, 272 Exploits zone 201,278,279 plutonism 383,563, 566 Exporrectaconglomerate 102 volcanism 278,279, 280 extinctions 532, 533 Dunquin Group 438, 440 DuolbasgaissaFormation 82, 204 Durness Formation 80, 202 Fairfield Pond Formation 199 Duved Nappe 373, 374 Falls Run granite 321, 323 Duroy Nappe 370 Fana granite 393 faunal provinces Precambrian 96-8 Easdale slate 202 L Cambrian 98-100 East Germany 394 M Cambrian 100-2 Eastern Americas Faunal Realm 472, 534 U Cambrian 102-3, 269-70 Eastport Formation 420 Tremadoc 103-4, 270 Eburnian gneiss and craton 191, 195,216, 219 Arenig 235, 240-1,270 eclogite facies 137, 138, 432, 454, 455, 457, 458,464, Llanvirn-Llandeilo 241,270-2 500 Caradoc-Ashgill 241-2, 272 Eday Group 473,575 Llandovery 236, 242 Ediacaran assemblages 96-7 Devonian-Permian Edmunds Formation 420 continental invertebrates 537 Edmunds Hill Formation 420 continental vertebrates 537-9 Eglish Fault 483 marine benthic invertebrates 532-5 Ekreshale 83, 204 marine pelagic invertebrates 535-6 Elbrook Formation 78 marine vertebrates 536 Eleonore Bay Group 80-1,187, 194, 203, 391,392 Favosites 259 Ella Island Formation 81 Fennoscandia 186, 195 Elliott Cove Formation 86 Ffestiniog beds 84 Elliptocephala asaphoides 98, 99 Ffestiniog Flags Formation 103 EllsworthFormation 162 Finnmark embayments and promontories 10, 11-12, 153-4 deformation 212, 301-2 Engerdalen Group 83 plutonism 394 632 Index

Finnmark (cont.) geophysicaldata 518 stratigraphy 82-3,187, 194, 204, 259-61 metamorphism 209, 475 tectonic units 264, 367-70 palaeontology 270-1,272 Finnmarkian orogeny plutonism 444, 562, 563, 566, 567 definition and dating 71,135,286, 291,301,367, sedimentary record 86, 201 500 volcanism 278,281 event in type site 114, 135-6, 188, 210-12 Garabal fault 483, 484 Scandian overprint relationships 368-70, 370-1, Garggia Nappe 211 372-3, 373-5 Garvock Group 438, 442 Finnvik granite complex 368,394, 429 Gasak Nappe 259,372, 431 Fish River Lake Formation 418, 420 Gaskiers Formation 85 Fishbrook Gneiss 163 Gasp6 Limestone and Sandstone 439, 444 Fivemilebrook Formation 418, 420 Gaspb Peninsula Fjordane Complex 138 deformation 207,444 Flagstaff Lake pluton 385 volcanism 150,418,419 Flamanville granite 616 Gasp~ trough 418,420, 475 Flannan Thrust 29, 30, 66, 484 gastropods in stratigraphy 256, 258 Flat River Complex 161 Geitungvolcanics 187, 200, 210 Fleur de Lys Group 78, 79, 116, 200, 208-9 geophysical methods 3-4 Fleur de Lys zone 200,201, 209, 278, 279 George River Group 164,205 Flexicalymene 241 Georgeville Group 164 floral provinces 533, 539-40 Georgia Devonian 540-2 metamorphism 335 Carboniferous 542-3 sedimentary record 78 Permian 543-4 Germany, W flysch 553 deformation 481,482, 488-9 Flyverfjord infracrustal complex (FIC) 193-4 plutonism 206 foraminifera communities in L Palaeozoic 535 volcanism 425,426, 577, 580 Forchu Group 85, 164, 205 Gevsj6n Nappe 374 Forestdale marble 199 Gigantopteris Floral Province 543, 544 Forsblads Fjord granitoids 391 Gildetun Nappe 211 Fort PayneChert 518 Gile Mountain Formation 417 Fountain Lake Group 418, 421 GillisBrook Formation 164 Foxdale granite 396 Gilman Quartzite 199 Foyle Fault 483 Gjersvik Nappe 158,159 France Glaessnerina 97 accretedterranes 168-72 glaucophane schist (blueschist) facies 31, 117, 137, basement 215 138,295,321,454, 458, 615 deformation 192,206 Glen Dessary syenite 125, 129, 298,299, 484 geophysical trends 50 Glen Kyllachygranite 125, 130 metamorphism 453,458-60 Genarm Supergroup 78 plutonism 166 Glenarm Terrane 293-4 sedimentary record 551,552-6 Glenelg 485 volcanism 166, 580 Glenfinnan Division 116, 129, 130, 486 see also Brittany Glengesh Fault 483 Frederick Valley carbonates 78 Glenopteris Floral Province 543, 544 FredrictonTrough 476, 565 Glens Falls Formation 86 Fucoid beds 202 Gneiguira sediments 474 FundyBasin rift 522, 526 Gneisdal 392 Funsjo Group 113,113, 158, 161,257 Gold Hill fault 450 Furuland granite 430 Gondwana Fusulinid faunal provinces 472 accreted terranes 213-16 Fyn $o Formation 81 geophysical boundaries 49-55, 58 palaeopositions faunal evidence 233,235,236-7, 407 magnetic evidence 42-4, 472-4, 476, 477 Goniotelina cf. broeggeri 256 Gaissa Nappe 211, 302, 367,368, 369 Goodenough Land 392 Galeaspid-YunnanolepidFaunal Province 537 Gothianorogeny 186, 195 Galway Granite 396,397, 398,441 Grampian Division 116, 129, 130, 202, 486 Gander Lake Group 86 Grampian Group 80, 115, 116, 129 Gander River belt 209 Grampian Highlands Ganderterrane (zone) 271,276 deformation 298-9, 442, 484 deformation 209,476 plutonism 395,396 Index 633

sedimentary record 202 Handolophiolite 113, 114 volcanism 422 Harbour Main Group 85, 163,201,205,214 Grampian orogeny Hardangervidda stratigraphy 250, 252, 264 deformation 408-9, 420-1 Hardwick pluton 385 metamorphism 125, 126, 130, 131 Hardyston quartzite 78 tectonic setting 484 Harlech grits 84 timing 71, 116, 192, 209-10, 291,481 Hartshill quartzite 84 Grampian Slide 129, 130, 486 Harz Mountains 574,576 Grand Pitch Formation 86, 188, 207, 295 Hasvik Gabbro 368 Grandfather Mountain Formation 77, 79, 153 Hawke Bay Event 94 granulite facies Hebridean craton (terrane) 186, 191-3,270 Canada 454, 462 Hebridesembayment 11 France 458 HeclaHoek Succession 81-2, 187 Iberia 615 Hedgehog Formation 420 Scandinavia 137,373, 455, 457 Hedmark Group 83,470 USA 319, 323,328,454, 463, 464, 500, 501 Helgeland Nappe Complex 136, 393 Granville Formation 85 Hellefjordschist 82, 194 graptolites Helmsdale Fault 483 reflectance and metamorphism 355,356, 357 Henderson Gneiss 163 stratigraphic correlation 104,253,255,256, 258 Hercynian orogeny Graven granite 394 definition 585-6 gravity anomalies, N Atlantic 6 deformation 58, 476, 477 Great Glen Fault 123,124, 131,483, 484, 485-6 metamorphism 612-18 Great Smoky Group 197 plutonism 398, 568 Green Head Group 205,213 timing 438 Green Mountain massif 189, 199, 311,318 Hersjo Group 158, 161 Greenland, E high-field-strength elements (HFSEs) 416,417 basement 63, 66, 68, 193-4 Highland Border Complex 155,277,281,350, 484 Cambrian fauna 98, 99 Highland Border Downbend 124, 125, 126, 127, 128 deformation 303, 304, 409,431,433-4, 455, 475 Highland Border Fault 297, 483,484, 485, 486 metamorphism 456, 458 Highland Border Steep Belt 126, 128 plutonism 391-3,400 Highland Boundary Fault 26, 123, 124, 281,347, sedimentation and stratigraphy 80-1,187, 203 348, 409,410 volcanism 425 Highlands of Scotland see Grampian Highlands; Greenore terrane 270 Northwest Highlands greenschist facies Highlandcroft pluton 283,317 Britain 117, 123, 124, 126, 128,209,348, 349, 356, Hillabee Greenstone 418 357,360, 459, 464, 496 Hinlopenstreten Supergroup 390 Canada 141,200, 462, 598 Hirnantia fauna 242, 248 France 616, 617 Hitra 393 Iberia 460 Hodgewater Group 85-6 Morocco 216 Holanda 256, 257, 263 Scandinavia 136, 137, 138, 367, 372, 373,430, 455, Holdhus Group 255 457, 501 Holland, Permian volcanicsof 580 USA 141,142-4, 145, 319, 321,328, 330, 338, 454, Hollybush sandstone 84 461,463,464, 599, 601,602, 603 Holorhynchus giganteus 258 Grejsdalen 392 Holyrood granite 205, 214 Grenville-Dalslandian 189, 193, 194, 195 Honey Hill fault 294, 508,510, 599, 602 Grenville event 63, 64-7, 129, 131,209 HoosacFormation 78, 152 Grenville track 37 Hope Valley shear zone 601,602, 605 Guadalope fault 29 Hornemanpluton 391 Guadiato Basin 578 Horserace diorite 385 Gula Group 393 Hovin Group 257 GulaNappe 161,303,373 Howe Brook pluton 382 Gullfjellet ophiolite 113, 114 Hoy Lavas 443, 575 Gwna Group 83, 117, 165,214 Hudson Highlands massif 311, 318, 323 Hudson Land 392 Humber terrane (zone) 200,201,270, 278,279 Humberianorogeny 409,410 Haakonianevent 431,433 Hunting Hill Greenstone 220 Hagen Fjord Group 80, 81,187, 391 Hurry Inlet 392 Haine volcanic arc 475 hydrophile elements 417 Halifax County Complex 163 HyolithusCreek Formation 81 HamletBjerg pluton 392 Hyolithus zone 203 634 Index

Iapetus (Iapetos) Ocean JbelBoho syenite 217 Cambrian isotherms 95 Jbeliat Group 87 closure 347, 376-7, 409-11,415, 437, 487, 501-2, Jersey Shale Formation 168-9 621-2 Jim Pond Formation 153 faunal evidence see faunal provinces John o'Groats Sandstone Group 438, 443 islands (terranes) Johnston Complex 167,215 faunal evidence 269-72 Joshua Rock Gneiss complex 602, 606 types 172-3,407-9 Jotun Nappe Complex 204, 210, 249, 261 opening 216-20 Jotunheimen, stratigraphy of 250, 251,263, 264 positions 42, 405-7 Iapetus suture 26, 30, 115, 437, 439, 481,486, 501 Iberia Kalak Nappe Complex 113, 113 geophysical data 51 basement 194 metamorphism 453,460-1, 611-16 palaeontology 99 plutonism 398 sedimentary record 82 sedimentary record 85, 551,554, 555, 556 tectonothermal evolution volcanism 426, 576-7, 579, 580 4°Ar/39Ar mineral ages 135-6, 157, 160, 210, Ibero-Armoricanarc 551,553, 555 21 I, 212, 301-2, 368-9 Icartian basement 168, 170, 215 Finnmarkian 367-8 illite crystallinity and metamorphism 349, 353, 354 Scandian 137,430 Iltay succession 202 Kamouraska Formation 79 Independence Fjord Group 172 Kangerdlugssuaq 392 Inlet Group 86, 201 kaolinite and metamorphism 349,353, 354 Inner Piedmont belt (IP) Kap Franklin 392 accretedterranes 163,624-5 Kap Hansteen Formation 390 geophysical data 28 Kap Holbaek Formation 81 metamorphism 332-3 Kap Wardlaw 392 Innset pluton 161 Karelian 186 invertebrates see faunal provinces Karmoy, stratigraphy of 250, 253 Ireland Igneous Complex 114, 187, 211,277, 286, 393, 394 accreted terranes 165,214, 270, 271,484 ophiolite 114, 136, 187, 211 basement 66, 67, 191,193 Katahdin pluton 385 deformation 192, 298, 299-300, 440-1,445, 483, Kayes Group 87 485,486, 487 Kelso Traps 575 geophysical data 9, 25-6 Kelvin seamount 12 metamorphism 123,125, 126, 348, 349, 350, 357, KeppochFormation 164 458,459 Keweenawanrift system 172 plutonism 155, 396-8, 400 Keweenawan track 37 sedimentary record 79-80, 84, 551,553, 554, 555, Kidderville Formation 419 556 Kiffa Group 87 volcanism 154,277, 281-2, 283,423,425, 575,580 Killin fault 483, 485 Irish Caledonide Suture Seismic Profile (ICSSP) 22, Kingledores fault 483, 486 25, 26 Kings Mountain belt 9,333, 335,604 Irish Sea horst 41,489 Kinzers Formation 78 lrvingella 102 Kiokee belt 335, 508, 510, 603 island terranes see terranes Kippens Formation 79 Isle of Man Kittery Formation 383 metamorphism 458 Kloftelv Formation 81 plutonism 396 Klubben Psammite 194 IslesboroFormation 162 Knapdale Steep Belt 124, 126 isograptid biofacies 241 Knox-Beekmantown Group 78 Isoteloides 240 Knoydartian 189 isotopic age data see also Morarian Appalachian metamorphics 314-17, 324-5, 332-3 K61i Nappes plutonics see individual entries palaeontology 261,270-1 volcanics, problemsof 415 stratigraphy 257-9 Izera gneiss 394 tectonothermalevolution 137, 157, 158, 159, 211 ~°Ar/39Ar mineral ages 302, 372-3, 374-5,430, 431 James Run Formation 78, 163, 381 Krakfjellet pluton 393 Jamestown Formation 86 Krkonoge-Jizersk6 HoryMountains 495-7 J/imtland, stratigraphy of 257, 263, 264, 373-5,431 Kruttfjellet Nappe 114, 158 J~,mtland Supergroup 257 Kullingia eoncentrica 97 Jan Mayen fracture zone 12 Kvitvola Nappe 203, 204 Index 635

Labrador-Porcupine promontory 11, 12 L~kvikfjell Group 82 LagganFault 483,485 London Platform 41,488,489 Lake Char fault 294, 508,510, 599, 602, 605 Long Harbour Group 85, 164 Lake District Long Point Formation 296 deformation 298, 301,440, 486, 487 Long Range 189 metamorphism 348, 349,351,353, 355,357, 358, Longford-Downaccretionarycomplex 483,486 458 Longford-Down Massif 282, 355, 357-8, 397, 398 palaeontology 104,240 Longmyndian 83, t17, 167,215 plutonism 396 Lough Nafooey Group 281,350, 357 volcanism 277, 278,287 Louise Boyd Land 392 Laksefjord Nappe 138,210, 211,212, 302, 367 Love Cove Group 85, 164 Lancaster Formation 598 Lowerre quartzite 79 Langonnet granite 618 Loyalhanna Limestone 518,519, 526 Laurentia Lucerne pluton 385 continental margin shape 10, 11-12, 153-4, 516 Lugicum 495 palaeopositions Lush's Bight Group 407-8, 409, 410 faunal evidence 101 Lyklingophiolites 111,113, 114, 136, 137, 211 magnetic evidence 36-8, 42-4, 471-2, 474, 475, Lyman pluton 562 476, 477 Lynchburg Formation 77, 152, 197 plate convergence with Europe 131 Lyngen Gabbro Complex 277, 370 plate separation from Baltica 216-17, 218-19 Lyngen Nappe 114, 371,429 Laurentian-Greenland craton 186, 189, t95 Lyngen Ophiolites 187 Laurussia 58, 502, 621 Lynn Volcanic Complex 162 floral provinces 543 palaeogeography 534, 537, 540 Lawrenceton rhyolite 473 Mabou Basin and Group 522,523, 524, 525 Leinster Basin 84, 287, 351, 353, 358 Macduff slates 428 Leinster granite 397, 398 Maentwrog beds 84 shear zone 483 Magdalen basin 522, 523, 524, 525 Leirbotn Nappe 211 Mager~y Nappe 260, 261,368,369, 429 Leithville Formation 78 magnetic anomalies, N Atlantic 6 Lejopyge laevigata 100-1 Magog Group 208 Lekaophiolite 158 Maine Leksdal Nappe 157 deformation 71,207-8, 295,475 Lennan fault 483, 485 metamorphism 142, 145,602-3 Leipidodendropsis 474 plutonism 153,317, 382, 562, 564 Levis Formation 79 sedimentary record 188 Liberian 195 volcanism 419 Lie de vin series 97 Maladioidella 102 Ligerian magmatic arc 488, 489 Malaguide Formation 575 Ligerianorogeny 85,476, 589 Malbaie Formation 439, 444 Lilesville pluton 562 Malpica-Tuy unit 460 Lille Kufjord gabbro 160 M~dselv Nappe 370 Lillebukt Alkaline Complex 160 Malvern Fault 116 Lingula Flags 84 Malvern quartzite 84 Linkim Beds 441 Malvernian complex 70, 83, 117, 167, 215 Lithospheric Seismic Profile in Britain (LISPB) 25, Malvinokaffric Faunal Realm 473 26, 116, 131 Mancellian granites 215 Littleton Formation 419 Manche Ocean 168 Liverpool Land 392 Manhattan Prong 316, 318 Livonian tongue 249 Manhattan schist 580 Lizard Complex 170,425, 551,576 ManninThrust 125, 126, 127 Loch Awe syncline 71 Mansonville Formation 79 Loch Borrolan complex and syenite 298,299, 392 Manx slates 84, 86 Loch Kishorn fault 485 Maplewell Group 97 Loch Loyal 396 Margaride granite 618 Loch Quoich Line 124, 129, 130, 486 Margie Series 281 Loch Tay fault 483, 485 marine transgressions see sea level changes Locheil Division 116, 129,486 Marlboro Formation 163 Lockers Bay Granite 444 Martinsbury shale 293 Lockne conglomerate 248 Maryland Lofoten embayment 11 metamorphism 323,324, 328 Lofoten Islands 8 sedimentary record 196 Lokken 257 Marystown Group 85, 164, 201, 205,214 636 Index

Mascarene Group 473 Minas Basin 523, 524 Massabesic Gneiss Complex 86, 207 Minche fault 483 Massachusetts Minist6re de l'Energie et de Richesses Naturelles du deformation 71,207, 294-5,475 Quebec (MERQ) seismic profile 28 geophysical data 49, 51 Miramichi Group 272 metamorphism 143,315--16, 318, 323,602-3 Miramichimassif 271, 280, 383 plutonism 162,213,317, 382, 384, 564 Moelv Tillite 203, 204 sedimentary record 86, 220 Moine-Outer Isles Seismic Traverse (MOIST) 29, 30 volcanism 150, 162, 419, 421 Moine Supergroup 79, 11-16, 119-20 Massif Central metamorphism 123,125 deformation 510 tectonomorphic areas 128-31 metamorphism 459,461,500,618 Moine Thrust Zone (MTZ) 7, 66, 67, 115-16, 123, plutonism 398 130, 298, 483, 484 volcanism 426, 577, 580 molasse 533 MattapanVolcanic Complex 85, 162 Moldanubian 493-4 Mauch Chunk Formation 44, 474 Moldanubian zone (MZ) 573,574 Mauch Chunk-Pottsville clastic wedge 518-19 Appalachian correlation 590 Maures Massif 459-60, 461 deformation 510, 587, 589 Mauritania and Mauritanides suture volcanism 426, 577,578, 579 deformation 453 molluscsin L Palaeozoic 100, 104 geophysical data 25, 52, 53, 56, 57-8 Mona Complex 116-17, 167, 168,214 plutonism 398 MonctonBasin 523,524 sedimentary record 86-7 Monian Supergroup 83, 84, 117 McAras Brook Formation 418,421 Monograptus spp. 253, 254, 260 Mechum River Formation 77 Monson gneiss 295 Medoc fault 603 Montagne Noire 553,618,623 Meguma Group 51, 86, 443 Moosalamoophyllite 198,199 Megumaterrane 271,276 MoraenesoFormation 81 displacement 9,280, 407, 474, 476 Morar Division 116, 129 metamorphism 598,605 Morarian 129, 130, 189, 192, 193, 195 plutonism 443, 563, 566, 567 see also Knoydartian Meldal stratigraphy 256, 257, 263 Morocco Mell Fell Conglomerate 438, 440 accreted terranes 96, 98, 100, 502 Mellane 251 Anti-Atlas profile 190-1,195, 216, 623 Mendon Formation 200 basement 219 Mer~ker Nappe 158, 161,373 deformation 192 Mereenie Sandstone 472 geophysical data 57-8 Merrimack Group 207,383 metamorphism 453,460, 461 Merrimack synclinorum 602 plutonism 398 metamorphic facies see amphibolite; epidote- sedimentary record 86-7 amphibolite; glaucophane; greenschist; Morrison River Formation 86 prehnite-pumpellyite; pumpeUyite-actinolite; Mortensnes Tillite 204 zeolite Mount Airy pluton 331 metamorphism see Barrovian ; Buchan; contact Mount Peyton pluton 385 metazoans and palaeo-oceanography 96 Mount Rogers Formation 77, 153, 198 meteor impact 532 Mountsorrelpluton 396, 399 MicMac Group 422 Msissi norite 474 Middagsfjallet Nappe 374 Munster basin 551 Middlesex Falls Volcanic Complex 162,213 Murchisonfjorden Supergroup 390 Midland Platform (Block) 84, 169 Murvey granite 398 Midland Valley of Scotland Musgravetown Group 85, 163 accreted terrane 239,473, 484 Myddfail steep belt 487 basement 66, 67 Myopsolenus 98 deformation 298, 441-2, 445 geophysical data 26 metamorphism 353, 355 Nalgannas Nappe 211, 368 sedimentary record 409,410, 549, 550, 551 Narragansett Basin volcanism 277, 281,422-3,575, 577 metamorphism 564-5,598-601,605 Milford-Dedham zone (terrane) sedimentary record 508,510, 522, 523,524 metamorphism 143 Narragansett Pier granite 562, 565,598,600 plutonism 70, 161,162, 173, 383-4 Nashoba Formation 295 Milford granite pluton 162,562 Nashobazone (terrane) 510 Milford Haven Group 438, 439 geophysical data 51 Milne Land 391-2 metamorphism 317, 320, 323 Index 637

plutonism 382-3, 384 niobium and volcanism 417,419, 420, 421,422, 424 sedimentary record 86 Nordaustlandet 390 Nassau Formation 79 Nordenskiold Gletscher pluton 392 Natlins Cove Formation 439, 444 Nordenskioldbreenpluton 390 Naver slide 483 Nordland 259,277, 371-2 Navitdalen Nappe 211 Norfolk Basin 601 Navy Island Formation 86 Norheimsundophiolite 114 Nemagraptus gracilis 241 Norrbotten 257, 371-2 Neseuretus biofacies 240 North American craton NewBedford terrane 605 marginalshape 11-12,527 New Brunswick palaeopositions and faunal provinces 233,235, accretedterranes 165,213 236-7,406-7 basement 65,205 North American faunal province 255 deformation 293, 294-6, 443-4, 445-6, 508, 510 North American Floral Region 543, 544 geophysical data 8 North Carolina metamorphism 142,461 igneous activity 151,153 palaeontology 99 metamorphism 331,335, 603-4 sedimentary record 86 sedimentary record 77-8,197 volcanism 279-81,418-21 North Circum-Tethyan Floral Province 542,543 New England North Haven Formation 162 accreted terranes 213, 220 North Sea basement 488 deformation 192,449-50, 508,510 NorthStaunningAlper 391 geophysical data 25, 28 Northmaven complex 394 metamorphism 207,461,462, 463,464, 475, 500, Northwest Foreland 115-16,353 598-603 Northwest Highlands of Scotland plutonism 385, 562-5 deformation 116, 119-20, 442-3,484-5 sedimentary record 78-9, 86 plutonism 395, 396 volcanism 279-81,419 Norway New Hampshire basement 66, 69, 71,194-5 metamorphism 143, 145, 323,602-3 deformation 192 plutonism 207, 382, 562 Finnmarkian 111-15,210-12, 301~4, 409 sedimentary record 86 Scandian 409,429-32 volcanism 419 metamorphism New Harbour Group 83 Finnmarkian 135-8,375-6 New Jersey 78 Scandian 376-7, 455-6 New River Formation 520 time of overprinting; Central 372-3; New York promontary 10, 11,153 North 367-71; South 373-5 New York State plutonism 156, 393-4, 399, 400 deformation 294-6 sedimentation and stratigraphy 82-3, 187, 203-4, geophysicaldata 13 205, 264 metamorphism 316,318, 321,602 aUochthon 250-63 palaeontology 98 autochthon 247-9 plutonism 382 terranes 263 sedimentary record 78-9 volcanism 277, 285-6, 425, 580 volcanism 150, 279 Notre Dame zone 201,278,279 Newburyport complex 317, 320 Nova Scotia Newer Gabbros 116,125 accreted terranes 164-5 Newer Granites 299,485 basement 65, 70, 205 Newfoundland deformation 296,443,445-6 accretedterranes 163-4,205-6, 213 geophysical data 8, 51 basement 71 metamorphism 142,207, 461,462 deformation 192, 208-9, 293, 296-7,444, 445-6, plutonism 385 476 sedimentary record 86 geophysical data 7, 8-9, 13, 25, 51 volcanism 279-81,421-2 metamorphism 461,462 Ny Friesland 390-1 palaeontology 96-7, 272 Ny Friesland orogenic phase 433 plutonism 70, 383, 385 Nyborg Formation 82 sedimentary record 200,201 volcanism 150, 153, 275-9,422 Newfoundland salient 522 Oak Hill Group 78, 188, 208 Newport Formation 85, 86 Occoquan granite 163,294, 323,324 Newport Neck Formation 220 Ocoee basin 97-8 Newry complex 398 OcoeeSupergroup 77-8, 197-8 Nickwacket Graywacke 199 Odenwald granite 588 638 Index

Old Red Sandstone Continent deformation 300-1,486-7 volcanism 415 metamorphism 348, 349, 350, 353, 354, 355, 356, see also Laurussia 357-8, 360, 458,459 Old World Realm 534 Partridge Formation 295 O ldhamia 1O0 Passagassawakeag Formation 142 ophiolites Passagassawakeagterrane 163 Proterzoic 219 PassamaquoddyBay 51 see also Baie Verte-Brompton line; Ballantrae; Betts Pebidian 83 Cove; Geitung; Gullfjellet; Handol; Karmoy; Pee Deegabbro 562 Lykling; Lyngen; Norheimsund; Storen; Peel Sound Formation 471 Thetford Pembroke Formation 420,473 Orkney Islands and Orcandian basin Pennine drainage in Devonian-Carboniferous 552, deformation 443 554 sedimentary record 549, 551 Pennington-Lee clastic wedge 519-21 volcanism 422, 423,575 Pennsylvania OrlockBridge-Kingledoresfault 483, 486 geophysicaldata 13 orogenies summarized 192-3, 291,500 igneous activity 150, 151,382 Orthotectonic Caledonides metamorphism 144, 145,207, 323,324, 328 deformation 297-300,483, 484-6 sedimentary record 78, 196 metamorphism 115-16, 123,124, 125 Pennsylvania salient 515,516 Dalradian 126-8 Penobscot Bay Moine 119-20, 128-31 metamorphism 141,142 Os-Hegglandsdalen 254 plutonism 385 Osen-Roa Nappe Complex 261 volcanism 415-16, 420 Oslo region, stratigraphy of 247-9 Penobscotian orogeny Ossa Morena zone (OMZ) 573,574, 577, 578 deformation 207-8,293,294, 295, 296, 297 Ossiansteepbelt 71 sutureline 118 ostracodesin Upper Cambrian 102 timing 71,291 Otta Nappe 258, 261,263 Pentevrian 168,215 Ottaquechee Formation 79 Perry Basin 522,523, 524 Ottawa-Bonnecheregraben 154 Perry Sandstone 439, 443 Ouachita Petigurus 240 clastic wedge 521-2 Petite Sole-Porto-Cordoba fault 51, 55 salient 521 petrogenetic grids 322, 329 seismic data 25, 27-8 Pictou Group 523 Ourzazate Group 87, 216 Piedmont belt Ouarzazarte volcanics 217 accreted terranes 279, 624-5 Oughterard granite 396 deformation 508, 510, 590-2 Outer Isles Thrust 7, 66, 483, 484 metamorphism 323,603,605 overprinting problems, palaeomagnetic 44-5 plutonism 561 Ox Mountains granodiorite 126,209, 299-300, 396 sedimentary record 199 Ox Mountainsline 71 Pinnacle Formation 78, 152, 199 Pinney Hollow Formation 79 Piscataquis volcanic belt 419 plants, see floral provinces Pagetides 98 Plinean activity 578,579 palaeocontinentalreconstruction 469,475-6 Pliny complex 382 Precambrian 42 Pliomera 251 Cambrian--Ordovician 42, 43 Ploumanac'h granite 618 Silurian--Devonian 42, 43,470-3,508 Plusquellec Formation 85 Late Devonian--Carboniferous 42-4, 471, 474-5, plutonism 508 A type 396, 563, 564, 567,599 Late Carboniferous--Permian 472, 475, 508 alkalic 562, 564, 567,599 palaeogeography alkaline 151, 160, 392, 393, 396, 398,399 Devonian 534, 550, 552, 553 calcalkaline 398, 551,565 Carboniferous 537, 540, 554, 555, 556 I type palaeomagnetism 35-6, 44-5 Britain and Ireland 394, 396, 398 palaeo-oceanography 93-4 Canada 563, 565, 566, 567 Pan African terrane 186, 189, 195,204-5, 206, 212 Greenland 392 Pangaea assembly 41-3, 472, 475,476, 477,512-13, Iberia 605,615 624, 625 Scandinavia 393-4, 399 Parabolinoides 102 USA 559,560, 561 Paradoxides 251 metaluminous 560, 562, 566 paratectonic Caledonides peralkalic 562 Index 639

peraluminous 381,386, 394, 398,560, 562, 566, Rabat-Tiflet granite 398 611 Rad6ice Group 496 S type Raipas Suite 194 Britain and Ireland 396, 398 Raleigh belt 508, 510, 603 Canada 563, 566, 567 Rambler Formation 79 E Europe 394, 398 Random Formation 86 Greenland 392 rare-earth elements (REE) and volcanism 416, 417, Iberia 611,615 420, 421,422, 424, 425 Scandinavia 399 Ratagain pluton 396 USA 385,500, 559, 560, 561 Ratcliffe Brook Formation 86 summary 400 Rattlesnake pluton 564 USA classified by age Reach fault 276, 277 Ordovician 381-4 Readsboro Formation 200 Silurian 384 recesses and salients 153-4,515,516 Devonian 384-6 Red Beach Granite 443 Pocahontas Formation 520 reef communities in L Palaeozoic 532-4 Poland Remdalen Group volcanics 158, 159 deformation 481,482, 488-9 Renland 391 plutonism 394 Rennselaer Formation 79 PolarisbreenTillite Formation 82 Retispore lepidophyta 474 Pomerania 488-9 Rheic Ocean 236, 237,438,489-90, 499, 501,621, Ponikl/t Group 126 622 Poor Mountain Formation 78 Rhenish-Bohemianfauna 473 Popes Head Formation 294 Rhenohercynianzone(RHZ) 573,574 Portaskaigboulder bed 202 Appalachian correlation 590 Portscatho Formation 438 back arc basin 551,552-3 Portsoy-Duchray Hill lineament 124, 128 deformation 587-8 Portsoy granite gneiss 155 volcanism 425,576, 578,579 Portugal Rhobell Fawrvolcanics 283 geophysicaldata 51 Rhode Island metamorphism 611-16 igneous activity 213,564-5 plutonism 398 metamorphism 143,207, 601 see also Iberia stratigraphy 220 Potsdam Formation 79, 198 Ribband Group 84 Poughquag quartzite 78 RichAcres Formation 153 Pound Ridge Granite Gneiss 153 Ridgeway thrust 450 prehnite-pumpellyitefacies 348, 349, 355, 356, 357, Ring Formation 203 358,360, 459 Ringsaker quartzite 83 pressure and temperature data in RisMck Group 83 metamorphism 321,330, 338 river systems, European Preston gabbro 317 Devonian 549-50, 552, 553 Price's Neck Formation 85,213,220 Carboniferous 551-6 promontories and embayments 10, 11-12, 153-4 Roberston River pluton 153 Protopalaeodictyon 260 Robert Arm Group 278, 442 Pteridinium 97 Rock Harbour Group 214 Ptychagnostus avatus 100-1 Rock River carbonates 79 Ptychagnostus gibbus 100-1 Rockabema granodiorite 382 pumpellyite-actinolitefacies 348, 349,360 Rodingsfj~illetNappe Complex 136,259, 302, 372 Punka 240 Rome Formation 198-9 Rosaire Group 78, 208 Roseland-Meneage melange 425 Ross of Mull granite 298,299, 484 QuanticoFormation 163,294 Rosses pluton 398 Quebec RosslareComplex 9, 165,214 deformation 71,207-8, 296, 444 Round Pond granite 153 geophysical data 28-9 Royrvik Group volcanics 158, 159 metamorphism 320, 323,461 Rugg Brook Dolomite 79 palaeontology 98 Rumburk granites 394 plutonism 153 Rushtonschist 70, 215 sedimentary record 78-9, 188 Russell Mountain Formation 295 volcanism 150, 279,418-19, 475 Quebec salient 522 Quincy granite 296, 564 Saco pluton 562 Quinnville Formation 220 Sagelvvatn stratigraphy 259 640 Index

St Daniel Formation 79, 188, 208 volcanism 422-3, 575-6, 577, 580 St David's granophyre 118 sea level changes, Palaeozoic St George Limestone 79 effects St George's Basin 523, 524 biological 239-40 St John's Group 85-6, 96, 165, 201 sedimentary 248 St Lawrence recess and promontory 10, 11, 12, 522 timing St Leon Formation 439,444 Cambrian 94, 96, 101-3,262 St Victor Formation 188 Ordovician 104,238, 262 salients and recesses 153-4, 515,516 Silurian 238, 262 Salterella 99 Sebago batholith 463,562 Samnanger Complex 254, 255 sedimentary environments Sandsting complex 394 Cambrian/Precambrian saponite and metamorphism 349,353 Africa 86-7 Sarclet Group 438, 443 Britain 79-80, 83-4 Sarn granite 117, 167, 214 Canada 78-9, 85-6 S~irv Nappe 114, 137, 157, 302 France 85 Saxe Brook carbonates 79 Greenland 80-1 Saxothuringian zone (STZ) 573,574 Iberia 85 Appalachian correlation 590 Scandinavia 82-3 deformation 510, 587 Svalbard 81-2 volcanism 425, 577, 578 USA 76-9, 86 Scandian orogeny Ordovician/Silurian 243 Acadian comparisons 500-1,503 Devono-Carboniferous definition and dating 135,429, 500, 621 Appalachians 515-22 deformation NW Europe 549-57 Greenland 431,433-4 Seiland Igneous Province 114, 160, 187, 301-2, 368 Scandinavia 429-32,487-8 Seima Formation 159 Svalbard 431,432-3 Seleneceme 241 metamorphism 454, 457 Senja Nappe 370-1 Britain 458 Serpulite Grit 202 France 458-60 Serrodiscus 98 Greenland 456-8 Seve Nappe Complex 137, 157, 302, 371-2, 373, 374, Iberia 460 375, 431 Morocco 460,461 Sgurr Beag Slide (SBS) 124, 129, 130, 298,483, 484 Scandinavia 455-6 Shady dolomite 198 overprinting of Finnmarkian 211,368-75 Shap granite 358, 396, 440, 444 subductionregime 375-7,475 Sharpners Pond intrusives 296, 317, 320, 382, 384 Scandian trilobite province 98, 101 Shaw Mountain Formation 295 Scandinavia Shawangunk Conglomerate 293 general geophysical data 8, 26, 40 Shetland Islands see also Norway; Sweden geophysical data 7 Schaffhauserdalen granitoids 391 metamorphism 123,125, 126 Schimeck massif 426 plutonism " 394-5,400 Scituate Basin 601 volcanism 424 Scituate-E Greenland Complex 564 Shetland promontory 11 ScoresbySund 391 Shickshock Group 78, 79 Scotia plana 260 Shin Brook Formation 188, 207,269, 295 Scotland Siggjo volcanics 187 accretedterranes 239, 409,484 Signal Hill Group 85-6, 201,205 basement 66, 67, 191,193 Siktefjellet Group 433 deformation 71,192, 441-5 Skerries Group 83 orthotectonic 297-300, 483,484-6 Skiddawgranite 358,396,440 paratectonic 300-1,486-7 Skiddaw slates 84, 86 geophysical data 7, 1 l, 25-6, 29, 40 Skillefjord Nappe 211 metamorphism Skomer Island volcanics 285 orthotectonic 115-16, 123, 124, 125 Skudenes Group 187 Dalradian 126-8; Moine 118-19, 128-31 Sleat Group 79 paratectonic 348, 349,350, 353, 354, 355,356, Slieve Gamph 357-8,360, 458,459 complex 153, 155, 299-300, 396, 397 palaeontology 98, 99 shear zone 483 plutonism 154-5,395, 396, 400 Slieve Glah shear zone 483 sedimentary record 79-80, 200, 202-3,549, 550, Smola 393 552, 553, 554, 555, 556 Snasah6garna Nappe 373 subductionregime 464, 475-6 Snowbird Group 197 Index 64I

Snowdoniavolcanics 283, 287 strontium and volcanism 417,422, 424 Solva Group 84 Stubendorffbreen Supergroup 390 Solway-Navan-Silverminesline 486 subduction signature 426 Saroy 8, 99, 187, 211,302, 368 Sudetic phase 586 S~royanevent 135 Summerford Group 270, 272 Sotra granite 393 Sunnfjord 250, 255 South Armorican suture 55-7 Sunnhordland 113 South Carolina Supaia Floral Province 543, 544 igneous activity 151, 161,162 Surtseyan activity 579 metamorphism 212-13,335 suspect terranes seeterranes sedimentary record 77-8 Suspension Bridge Formation 86 South Mayo Trough 277, 281,300, 350, 357,485 Sutton Mountainsembayment 154 South Mountainbatholith 385 suturezone geophysics 4 South Portuguese zone (SPZ) 573,574, 576-7, 578 Massachusetts-New York 52 South Circum-Tethyan Floral Province 542,543 Mauritanides 57-8 Southern Highland Group 80, 115, 154, 202 New York-Florida 52-5 Southern Uplands South Armorican 55-7 deformation 298, 300-1,441,445, 486 Spain-Massachusetts 49, 51 geophysical data 26 Suwanee Basin 476 metamorphism 348, 349, 353, 355, 357-8,458, Svalbard 459, 464 deformation 119,303, 304, 431,432-3,476 plutonism 395, 396 plutonism 390-1,400 sedimentary record 409 sedimentary record 81-2, 187 subductionregime 422, 475-6 Sveanor Formation 82 volcanism 277, 283,422, 423 Svecofennian orogeny and basement rocks 63, 66, Southern Upland Fault 26, 347, 348, 409, 410-11, 69, 194, 195 483 Svecokarelian orogeny 367 Southwestern Approaches Traverse (SWAT) 29 Sveconorwegian orogeny and basement rocks 63, 66, Spain 51,398, 502 69, 195 see also Iberia Sweden Sparagmite Basin of Norway 203, 204 basement 66, 69, 71,194-4 Spaulding quartz diorite 385 deformation 137,192, 211-12, 302, 372-5,431 Spencer Hillvolcanics 564 igneous activity 156, 580 Spessart granite 588 palaeontology 97, 240 spidergrams and interpreting volcanism 417,419, sedimentary record 83, 203-4, 205,257-9,264 420, 421,422, 424, 425 tectonostratigraphy 205 Spiggie granite 394 SweetsburgFormation 79, 199 Spitsbergen 98, 99, 138-9 Sydney Basin 524 Springdale Group 279,422 Sykesville Formation 153 Spiral Creek Formation 81 Synditasma 256 spongesin U Cambrian 102 Synnfjell duplex 250, 261 SprucePine pegmatites 383 Staddon Grits 438 Standing Pond volcanics 418, 419 Stappogiedde Formation 82, 203 Table Head Formation 241 Stellarton Basin 523, 524 Taconic Mountains 98, 318,321,322, 499 Stockbridge Limestone 79 Taconic (Taconian) orogeny Stoer Group 37, 79, 116, 154, 200, 202 accreted terranes 40 Stones River Group 198 deformation 278-9, 293,294, 295, 296, 297, 526 Stony Creek Dome 602 metamorphism 311,318-19, 328, 335,337, 339, Stord 250, 253, 277, 286, 287 560, 590 Storelv Group 194 suture 119 Storen Nappe and ophiolite 83, 113, 114, 157, 158, timing 291,409, 410 159,257, 272, 303, 373 Talladega belt 198,331,450, 464 Storfj~illet Nappe 372 TallulahFalls Formation 77, 152, 197 Stowe Formation 79 Tan-Grisiaumicrogranite 396, 399 Strath Glass fault 483, 485 Tanafjord Group 82, 204 Strathconan fault 483,485 T/inn/is Augen Gneiss 137,211 Stretton Series 83 T~inn~is Nappe 211,302 Strichen pluton 396 Tanujaspid FaunalProvince 537 Stricklandia lens 254 Taoudeni Supergroup 87 Strombolian activity 579 Tarbet Monoform 126 Strondafjord Formation 303 Tay Nappe 120, 128 Strontian granite 298,299, 458 Tayvallich limestone 202 642 Index

Tennesee Trondheim Nappe Complex 161,210, 257, 373,431 metamorphism 331 Trondheim Supergroup 83 sedimentary record 77-8,196, 197 Truro rift 624 Tennessee salient 519,520 Trysilphase 135,210 terranes TummelSteep Belt 124 Canada 163-5, 269-70, 272, 277,407-8 TunkLakepluton 385 Channel Islands 168-70, 171,173 Twt Hillgranite 167,215 England 167,215,270, 271,473 Tyndrum fault 483, 485 France 168-72,502 Tyrone Igneous Complex 281,350, 355 Ireland 165,214,270, 271,484 Morocco 96, 98, 100, 502 Scandinavia 263 Ullsfjord Group 370 Scotland 131,239,408,409, 473,484 Ulriken Gneiss Nappe 195 USA 161-3, 172-3, 279,407,624-5 UlvebjergFormation 81 Wales 165-7,214-15,270, 271 Ulven 254 see also Armorica; Avalon; Dunnage; Gander; Underhill Formation 78 Glenarm; Greenore; Meguma; Milford- UnicoiFormation 153 Dedham zone; Nashoba; Traveller Upper Cuttwell Group 422 TerrencevilleBasin 522,523 Upper Labrador Group 79 Tetagouche Group 86, 272 Uriconian 83, 117, 167, 215 Tetagouche Massif 407,409, 410 USA Tetragraptus approximatus 240 Central and S Appalachians Theic ocean 58,499, 501,526, 622 accreted terranes 161-2 thermocline, oceanic 94 basement 118, 119 Thetford ophiolites 208 deformation 192, 292-4, 450-1 Thorr pluton 398 geophysicaldata 8-11, 14 Tiddiline Group 191,216, 217 metamorphism 144, 145, 323-37,453,454, 464, Tillite Group 187, 194, 203, 391 465 time-period concept in Caledonian-Appalachian vii plutonism 149-53 Toca da Moura volcano-sedimentarycomplex 578 sedimentary record 195-9,521-2 tonsteins 578-9 volcanism 149-53,418 Topsails Igneous Complex 385,444 New England Appalachians Torbrook Formation 439,443 accretedterranes 162-3 Tornquist'sline 173,287,488 basement 118, 119 Tornquist's Sea 40, 173,233,235, 488 deformation 192, 294-6, 449-50, 464 Torridonian Group 37, 79, 116, 200, 202 geophysicaldata 8-11, 13 Toss~sfjallet Group 83 metamorphism 142-5, 311-24, 453,454, 461, Tossofjallet Basin 111 462, 463, 500, 598-603 Touralaga fault 450 plutonism 149-53,560-5 Toyen Shale 262 sedimentary record 78-9, 199-200, 515-21 trace elements and volcanism 416 volcanism 149-53,418-21,500 trace fossils 94,100 UwharrieFormation 161,162 Tramore Group 272 transcurrent movements 13-14 transform faults 55 Vaddas Nappe 114,211,430 transgressions see sea level changes Vads~Group 82, 194,204 Traveller Rhyolite 420, 500 Vagastie Bridge granite 154, 155 Traveller terrane 471,472, 473,474 Vakkerlia pluton 161,393 TrawenaghBaypluton 398 Valdres Group 83 Trefgarne volcanics 283 Valdresthrust sheet 250, 261 trilobite provinces Valley and Ridge province L Cambrian 98-9 deformation 590-2 M Cambrian 100-1 geophysical data 24, 28 U Cambrian 102 metamorphism 331,337, 508, 603 Tremadoc 104 plutonism 561 Ordovician 271,272 sedimentary record 198, 199, 623,624 stratigraphiccorrelation 251,252, 256 VangsAs Formation 83,203, 204 Troms region Varanger Tillite 194 sedimentary record 259, 263 Vardo Nappe 211 tectonothermal history 370-1 Variscan orogeny Tromso Nappe Complex 370, 371,430 definition 585-6 Trondelag basin 277, 286, 287, 373-5,393 deformation 22, 23 Trondheim 255-7, 286, 394 Appalachian 590-2 TrondheimDisturbance 135,210 Europe 476, 477,494, 508, 510, 511,589-90 Index 643

igneous activity 568 metamorphism 348,349, 358-9,458, 459 metamorphism 607 palaeontology 98, 102, 240 V~isterbotten, stratigraphy of 257, 258, 263 plutonism 395, 396,400 V~ittern Tectonic Zone 493 sedimentary record 83,271,551,553, 554, 555, 556 Vemdal Formation 83 volcanics 166 Vermiforrna antiqua 97 see also Welsh Basin; Welsh Borderland Vermont Wallamatogus pluton 386 deformation 294, 295,449 Waramaug Formation 79 metamorphism 314-15, 318,461,463 Warren House Series 83 palaeontology 98 Weardale granite 396 plutonism 152,317, 320, 385 Weedon Formation 79 sedimentary record 79, 200 Weisner quartzite 78 volcanism 150,419 Welsh Basin (Trough) 84 Vermouth 321 metamorphism 351,353, 355 vertebrates in L Palaeozoic 533,535,537-9 palaeontology 104,271 Vesterolen geophysical anomalies 8 volcanism 277,283-5 Vestertana Group 203 Welsh Borderland Vika0ordGroup 187 accreted terranes 167,215 Vilasundgranite 372, 394 basement 70, 117 Viregranite 169,215 deformation 301,439-40 Virgilina 207 metamorphism 355 Virginia Wensleydale granite 396 igneous activity 153, 162, 599 Wentnorian 83 metamorphism 145,207, 285, 323,324, 328,331, West Chester Prong 330 335 West Germany see Germany W sedimentary record 77-8,196 Westboro Formation 213,220 Virginia recess and promontory 11, 518 Western Gneiss Region 138,210,432, 456, 464 Virisen arc 376 Western Isles-North Channel traverse (WINCH) 9, Visingo Group 83 29 Volburthella 99 WesternSudetesplutonism 394 volcanism wetzsteins 579 classification 574 Weymouth Formation 86 interpretation White Bay Basin 523,524 age 415-16 Whiterock regressive event 241,248,257, 262 tectonic setting 416-18 Willamantic Dome 601 locations Wilmington Complex 199, 323,328,330, 381 Bohemia 579, 580 Windsor Group 522, 523 Britain 281-5,422-5, 575-6, 577-8,579 Wissahickon Formation 78 Canada 275-9,421-2, 565-6 Woodbank Group 438, 439 France 425-6, 580 Woonsocket Basin 601 Germany 425, 576, 577 Worcester Basin 601 Iberia 576-7, 578, 579, 580 Wrekin quartzite 84 Scandinavia 285-7,425, 579 Wuttagoonaspid-PhyllolepidFaunal Province 537 USA 279-81,418-21,500, 564 Voring promontory 11 Yonkers gneiss 153 Yudomski event 93 Wabana Group 86 Walden Creek Group 197 Wales Zechstein basin 625 accretedterranes 165-7,214-15, 502 Zelenzn6 Hory Mountains 495 basement 67, 116-17 zeolite facies 360 deformation 298, 301,438-40, 444-5,483, 486, graptolite reflectance 355,356, 357 487 index mineralogy 348, 349,350, 351,352, 458 geophysical data 9 Zig-Zag Dal Basalt Formation 172