DENIS KILBRIDE M.P. 1848-1924 Paul Redmond B.A. July 2003
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
NUI MAYNOOTH Oiltcaii na nflraann Mi Muaa DENIS KILBRIDE M.P. 1848-1924 by Paul Redmond B.A. THESIS FOR THE DEGREE OF M. LITT. DEPARTMENT OF MODERN HISTORY NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF IRELAND MAYNOOTH Head of Department: Professor R. V. Comerford Supervisor of Research: Professor R. V. Comerford July 2003 TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS v ABBREVIATIONS vii INTRODUCTION 1 CHAPTER ONE: LUGGACURREN AND THE PLAN OF CAMPAIGN 1.1 KilBride’s Genealogy 10 1.2 KilBride’s Education 13 1.3 Henry Charles Keith Petty-Fitzmaurice, Fifth Marquess of Lansdowne 16 1.4 Congratulatory Address 21 1.5 Agricultural Depression & Deteriorating Relationships 21 1.6 John Townsend Trench 30 1.7 The Plan of Campaign 35 1.8 The Eviction of KilBride, The Tallest of the Poppies 47 CHAPTER TWO: TAKING THE LAND WAR INTO CANADA: WILLIAM O’BRIEN V LORD LANSDOWNE 1887 The Quixotic Canadian Crusade of Don Quixote O’Brien and his Henchman Sancho Panza KilBride 2.1 Lansdowne on the Eve of O’Brien’s Canadian Crusade 58 2.2 Preliminaries to Canadian Crusade 61 2.3 The Orange Order and Fenian Assassins 68 2.4 From Queenstown to New York, Montreal, Toronto and Ottawa 71 2.5 Kingston, Hamilton and the United States of America 89 CHAPTER THREE: DENIS KILBRIDE M.P. FOR SOUTH KERRY 1887 TO 1995 3.1 KilBride Elected Unopposed for South Kerry 97 3.2 KilBride in South Kerry 99 3.3 The Defalcations of Arthur Hutchins 106 3.4 Arrest and Imprisonment of Campaigners 108 3.5 KilBride in the House of Commons 110 3.6 The Tenants’Defence Fund 112 3.7 The Parnellite Split 114 3.8 Death Knell for the Plan of Campaign 116 3.9 The Evicted Tenants Commission 119 CHAPTER FOUR: NORTH GALWAY AND THE UNITED IRISH LEAGUE 1895 TO 1903 4.1 1895 General Election 124 4.2 1895 South Kerry By-Election 130 4.3 Joseph KilBride RM 133 4.4 Controversial Salaries of MPs 135 4.5 House of Commons Debates 137 4.6 Formation and Growth of United Irish League 151 4.7 Re-Emergence of Colonel Nolan in Galway Politics 155 4.8 London Bankruptcy Court 1900 157 4.9 Underhand Dealing and Intrigue 161 4.10 Trial by Special Jury 163 4.11 The Attorney General and the Crimes Act 168 CHAPTER FIVE: DENIS KILBRIDE MP FOR SOUTH KILDARE 1903 TO 1910 5.1 KilBride Elected Unopposed for South Kildare 1903 171 5.2 The Land Act of 1903 172 5.3 The Irish Land Bill 1904 178 5.4 New Phase of Land Agitation 1904 179 5.5 Sale of Lansdowne Luggacurren Estate 1904-6 183 5.6 Legislation for Evicted Tenants in the House of Commons 1903-8 189 5.7 O’Beirne, Evicted Tenant of Numey 1908 192 5.8 United Irish League 193 5.9 Irish Landowners’ Conventions 1908 to 1909 203 5.10 Intimidation of Planters at Luggacurren 206 5.11 Railway Links in Counties Kildare, Queen’s and Kilkenny 208 5.12 The Land Act of 1909 211 5.13 River Barrow Drainage 213 5.14 The Growth of Sinn Fein 216 5.15 The Land Commissioners 1909 217 5.16 Further Concerns of KilBride in the House of Commons 1909 to 1910 221 5.17 Two General Elections of 1910 228 5.18 KilBride Family Events 232 CHAPTER SIX: DENIS KILBRIDE MP FOR SOUTH KILDARE 1911 TO 1916 6.1 United Irish League 233 6.2 Maiming Cattle (Ireland) Bill 1914 240 6.3 Nationalist Queen’s County Convention 1915 241 6.4 Intimidation of Planters in Luggacurren 1911 to 1914 241 6.5 Estates Commissioners 1913 242 6.6 Kildare and Queen’s County Unionists 1912 to 1914 243 6.7 Home Rule 1912 to 1913 245 6.8 The Irish National Volunteers and Ulster Volunteers 253 6.9 Coalition Government of 1915 261 6.10 Redmond’s Recruiting Manifesto 1916 262 6.11 Foot and Mouth Outbreaks 1912 to 1914 262 6.12 Local Concerns in the House of Commons 1911 to 1916 266 6.13 Sale of B allyprior F arm 268 6.14 Ancient Order of Hibernians 269 6.15 Railway Links in Counties Kildare, Queen’s and Kilkenny 270 6.16 Women’s Enfranchisement Bill, May 1911 272 6.17 KilBride Family Events 1911 to 1914 273 CHAPTER SEVEN: THE SEAR AND YELLOW LEAF OF LIFE 1916 TO 1924 7.1 The Easter Rising of 1916 276 7.2 Home Rule in the Wake of the 1916 Rising 283 7.3 First World War 1914 to 1918 287 7.4 Land and Labour Association 293 7.5 The Growth of Sinn Féin in Kildare and North Leinster 295 7.6 Conscription in Ireland 1918 308 7.7 Other Constituency Matters 310 7.8 The General Election of 1918 315 7.9 KilBride’s Recollections: ‘Recent Happenings at Luggacurren’ 322 7.10 ‘Diamond Cut Diamond’ 323 CONCLUSION 325 BIBLIOGRAPHY 343 APPENDICES 350 MAPS & ILLUSTRATIONS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS First and foremost I wish to express my deepest gratitude to my supervisor, Professor Vincent Comerford, head of the department of Modern History at N.U.I. Maynooth for all his encouragement, patience and willing support in the difficult task of researching and writing up the results of this study. I am grateful to the staff of the public and private libraries and archives that have been of help to me in making this study possible. These were as follows: Trinity College Dublin Manuscripts Department and the Berkeley Library; The Boole Library at University College, Cork; The John Paul II Library of N.U.I. Maynooth; N.U.I. Maynooth Outreach Campus Library, Kilkenny; The National Library of Ireland; The National Archives; Laois County Library; The Local Studies Department at the History and Family Research Centre in Newbridge, County Kildare; Kerry County Library; Galway County Library; Clongowes Wood College Archives and the Irish Land Commission. I would like to express my deepest gratitude to Mario Corrigan, Newbridge, who was particularly helpful to me in ascertaining sources for south Kildare. Thanks to Gerard J. Lyne, author of The Lansdowne estate in Kerry under W. S. Trench 1849-72, who was most generous with his time and assistance, particularly with regard to research at Derreen House, Kenmare and Bowood House, Wiltshire. Thanks also to Danny Moriarty, Kenmare for source material and hospitality on several occasions; Br Linus Walker, Galway; Eileen McGregor; Mary Ramsbottom M.A., New Zealand; Raymond, Olive and John Lacey of Clopook; the KilBride family at Tomaclavin; Denis and Anne Knowles Raheenahown; Patrick KilBride, Dublin; Pete and Winnie KilBride in Liverpool and the KilBride extended family worldwide who corresponded and provided source material for this study. A special word of gratitude is long overdue to the Honourable David Bigham and his family for their permission on various occasions to research at Derreen House, Lauragh, in Kenmare, County Kerry. Their splendid hospitality on many occasions was overwhelmingly generous. I would also like to thank Lord Lansdowne, Ninth Marquis and Dr Kate Fielden, Curator at Bowood House, Caine, in Wiltshire for permission to access the Bowood House archive in July 2002. In this regard, I wish to acknowledge financial support from the T.W. Moody Fund which facilitated a visit to the archive at Bowood House. Thanks to my wife Mary for her constant support and infinite patience, my daughter Aine who proof read many chapters and my daughter Brona for computer assistance over the past two years. vi I ABBREVIATIONS A.O.H. Ancient Order of Hibernians C.S.O.R.P. Chief Secretary’s Office, Registered Papers I.N.L. Irish National Volunteers I.L.C. Irish Land Commission I.L.P.U. Irish Loyal and Patriotic Union I.R.B. Irish Republican Brotherhood N.A. National Archives N.L.I. National Library of Ireland R.I.C. Royal Irish Constabulary T.C.D. Trinity College, Dublin u.c.c. University College, Cork V. 0. Valuation Office vii INTRODUCTION KilBride,1 Denis, Luggacurren, Stradbally, Queen’s County, son of Thomas KilBride Esq and Marie Ryan. Bom 1848 at Luggacurren. Unmarried. Educated at Clongowes Wood College, Clane. A tenant farmer. A nationalist. Sat for south Kerry from 1887 to 1895. Returned unopposed for south Kerry and north Galway in 1895 but elected to sit for north Galway, which he represented from 1895 to 1900, when he retired. Elected for south Kildare May 1903 and sat until defeated in 1918. Died 1924.3 Denis KilBride (hereafter called KilBride) as can be seen from the above was MP for three different constituencies in the period 1887 to 1918. He was a member of the Irish Parliamentary Party, which represented Irish national ideals in the House of Commons at Westminster until the general election of 1918, when Sinn Fein, the nationalist separatist party took most of the seats. Prior to becoming an MP, KilBride had been a member and secretary of the Irish National League at local level and also a Poor Law Guardian for the Union of Athy. This is primarily a local study, where the aim and focus is to look at the life and times of Denis KilBride MP, who although not a major figure in Irish history, never coming to prominence or having national leadership roles, yet played an important part in the Irish Parliamentary Party’s achievements in for example the considerable progress made towards achieving Home Rule and a system of peasant proprietorship in Ireland. KilBride campaigned locally and in the House of Commons for nationalist concerns over a period of thirty-one years and but for three years between 1900 and 1903, he held a seat for the nationalist party in parliament.