Science and Research Funding 2011/12 to 2014/15
The Foundation for Science and Technology 2nd February, 2011
Professor Sir Adrian Smith FRS Director General, Knowledge and Innovation Department for Business, Innovation and Skills
Science and Research Funding 2011/12 to 2014/15
“When money is short, we should ruthlessly prioritise those areas of public spending that are the most likely to support economic growth, including investments in …… our science base and the skills and education of our citizens.”
Chancellor of the Exchequer, House of Commons, 20 October 2010
1 Knowledge and Innovation Group
Bringing together • HEFCE • Research Councils and National Academies • TSB, NPL and NMO
Working towards • A strong and innovative economy • World class competitiveness • Strong links between universities and industry • Supporting innovation and technology development
World Class Science
Spending
Total Gross Domestic Expenditure on R&D (USA on right axis) 160 400
140 350
120 300
100 250
80 200
60 150 Billion current PPP $ current Billion
40 100
20 50
0 0 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 Year
France Germany Japan United Kingdom China Singapore United States
2 World Class Science
Excellence
The UK research base is second in the world for excellence and the UK is the most productive country for research in the G8 Citations per $ spend in public R&D
2
1.8
1.6
1.4
1.2
1
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
UK USA CANADA FRANCE GERMANY ITALY JAPAN CHINA
Why fund Science and Research?
Improving the performance of Delivering highly skilled people to existing businesses the labour market Businesses, public and third 17,500 new PhDs and 121,000 sector organisations spent over Masters qualifiers in 2008/09 £2billion with HEIs in 2008/09 on contract research, collaborative research and consultancy
EconomicEconomic Improving public policy and Impact public services. Creating new businesses: Impact BIS acts as custodian of the UK second only to the US for research base for all spin-outs Government Departments. Autonomy, a Cambridge spin out, is now a FTSE100 company
Attracting R&D investment from global business 450 R&D projects attracted to UK in 2006/7 and 2007/08
3 Universities working with business
A period of growing government funding for universities has also seen universities do increasingly well at business interaction and attracting external income. Last year universities secured £3bn from external sources.
Total
Real income (constant 2009 prices)
Cash income
Contract research
Collaborative research Courses Consultancy Regeneration Facilities and equipment IP revenues
Sources: HEBCI surveys, PACEC/CBR analysis
Cross Council Programmes
Food Security • Major response to strategic challenges for the nation – and the world • Coordinated impact greater than sum of the parts Digital Economy
Living With Global Uncertainties Ageing Energy Environmental Change
Lifelong Health and Wellbeing
4 Delivering impact to the economy and society
Past TSB
The REF will recognise universities’ impacts from excellent research. Present HEIF and the Business Research element of QR support universities’ current capacity to work with business. Future Research Councils’ Pathways to Impact encourage researchers to consider potential beneficiaries and the future pathways towards impact
Allocating resources for Science and Research 2011-15
5 Key Themes of SR10
Consultation
Chief Scientific Advisors
BIS strategic priorities for science and research funding
• Concentrating funding on excellence • Protect leveraged funding from collaboration with business and charities. • Flow of new researchers • National capability to support other Government departments • Access to large scale research infrastructure • Research into strategic national challenges • Research clusters for economic growth • Stability of funding • Financial sustainability through the full economic cost policy
6 Key Themes of SR10
Concentration • The UK has excellent university research capabilities with the critical mass to compete globally and the expertise to collaborate with businesses. • Our policy is to concentrate funding further on research centres of proven excellence. • The priority is to retain investment in these clusters and to strengthen engagement between the research base and industry. • Top quality PhD students will be clustered in large centres that can provide the best training.
Annual HEI income from Research Councils (UK wide) £120,000,000
£100,000,000
£80,000,000
£60,000,000
HEI Income from RCs from Income HEI £40,000,000
£20,000,000
S Th £0 Th Th Th D t Ge Gla The e Un The e Un e Un e Un Univ e M org sgow Ro iver Univ iver iver iver ersit ontfo e's H Ca bert sity o ersi sity o sity sity y of rt U osp ledo Gord f W ty of f Ca of W of Ab Ulste nive ital M nian on U ales Wal mbr arwi erde r rsity edic Uni nive (cen es, N idge ck en al S vers rsity tral f ewp choo ity unct ort l ions)
Annual HEI income from HEFCE QR (England only) £80,000,000
£70,000,000
£60,000,000
£50,000,000
£40,000,000
£30,000,000 HEI Income from HEFCE from Income HEI £20,000,000
£10,000,000
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7 Key Themes of SR10
Collaboration • Researchers will be encouraged to attract leveraged funding from external sources and to build stronger relationships between universities and business
• Significant collaboration among Research Councils and universities, tackling issues of national importance.
• Optimising the balance between competition and collaboration.
Key Themes of SR10
Efficiency
• The principles of the Wakeham recommendations will be applied as the core of the driver for efficiency savings in SR10. • This - together with pay restraint - will deliver £324m of efficiency savings in 2014-15. • These savings will be reinvested in science and research within the ring-fence.
Efficiency saving per annum in Delivery 2014/15 £131m Research Council funding for HEIs £104m Block grant funding for universities (QR) Research Council Institutes, facilities and subscriptions, and £89m other programmes
8 2010 Spending Review Settlement for Science and Research
Resource • £4.6bn p.a. for science and research programmes in each year to 2014-15 • No change from 2010-11 in cash terms • Ring-fenced across the four year period
Capital • Capital spending reduced by approximately 40% • Announce during 2011 funding for projects from the 2010 Large Facilities Roadmap
Cash changes in programme spending for main departments over 2011/12 - 2014/15
50.0%
40.0%
30.0%
20.0%
10.0%
0.0%
-10.0%
n -20.0% ) ence tio t e v tal C ice lig ca A S o ff u WP ealth fID R (to C O D l G DefenceIntel Ed D H CM a DE Justic FCO HMRC -30.0% D c me Transport DEF o BIS o L H Science & Research
-40.0%
9 Allocation of Science Funding
“Across the allocations we shall provide funding for outstanding researchers to pursue curiosity driven work, allowing them to define their own areas of work.”
David Willetts Vince Cable Minister for Universities and Science Secretary of State Department for Business, Innovation and Skills Department for Business, Innovation and Skills
20th December 2010
Allocations: Resource
Baseline 2010‐11 2011‐12 2012‐13 2013‐14 2014‐15 TOTALS Final Year to £'000 £'000 £'000 £'000 £'000 £'000 Baseline
Research Councils 2,549,353 2,596,196 2,573,678 2,586,641 2,599,812 10,356,327 101.98%
AHRC 100,717 99,881 98,370 98,370 98,370 394,993 97.67%
BBSRC 362,341 370,306 359,471 351,471 351,471 1,432,718 97.00%
EPSRC 771,289 759,720 748,150 748,150 748,150 3,004,171 97.00%
ESRC 158,061 155,690 153,319 153,319 153,319 615,648 97.00%
MRC 545,585 536,172 546,243 559,894 574,641 2,216,950 105.33%
NERC 298,071 298,600 297,129 300,129 289,129 1,184,987 97.00%
STFC ‐ Core Programme 177,519 190,060 172,200 172,200 172,190 706,650 97.00%
STFC ‐ Cross‐Council facilities 66,800 77,170 79,280 81,410 89,470 327,330 133.94%
STFC ‐ International Subscriptions 68,970 108,598 119,515 121,697 123,071 472,881 178.44%
HEFCE 1,731,300 1,662,112 1,699,578 1,685,689 1,686,321 6,733,700 97.40%
QR Research 1,618,300 1,549,112 1,586,578 1,572,689 1,573,321 6,281,700 97.22%
HEIF 113,000 113,000 113,000 113,000 113,000 452,000 100.00%
National Academies 87,832 87,465 86,547 86,547 86,547 347,106 98.54%
Royal Society 48,558 47,830 47,101 47,101 47,101 189,133 97.00%
British Academy 26,448 27,001 27,005 27,005 27,005 108,015 102.10%
Royal Academy of Engineering 12,826 12,634 12,441 12,441 12,441 49,957 97.00%
Other Programmes 43,616 24,496 24,140 24,165 24,005 96,805 55.04%
Science & Society 15,441 13,000 13,000 13,000 13,000 52,000 84.19%
International 5,104 5,095 4,740 4,765 4,605 19,205 90.22%
Foresight 2,800 2,800 2,800 2,800 2,800 11,200 100.00%
Evidence & Evaluation 20,271 3,600 3,600 3,600 3,600 14,400 17.76%
UK Space Agency 163,805 205,637 191,963 192,864 179,221 769,685 109.41%
Total S&R Resource 4,575,906 4,575,906 4,575,906 4,575,906 4,575,906 18,303,622 100.00%
10 Allocations: Capital
Baseline Final Year to Council 2010‐11 2011‐12 2012‐13 2013‐14 2014‐15 Total Baseline £'000 £'000 £'000 £'000 £'000 £'000 Research Councils 393,438 239,821 199,393 181,430 180,967 801,611 46.00% AHRC 3,150 0 0 0 0 0 0.00% BBSRC 66,480 38,000 29,700 29,700 29,700 127,100 44.68% EPSRC 49,261 31,000 35,000 25,000 25,000 116,000 50.75% ESRC 20,600 18,700 13,700 12,700 12,700 57,800 61.65% MRC 134,517 33,000 29,000 31,000 31,000 124,000 23.05% NERC 34,183 32,200 17,800 17,800 17,800 85,600 52.07% STFC –Core Programme 19,630 21,981 14,237 14,169 70,017 STFC –Cross‐Council Facilities 21,070 21,919 22,463 22,931 88,383 STFC ‐ International Subscriptions 85,247 46,221 30,293 28,530 27,667 132,711 75.98% Large Facilities Capital Fund 103,380 115,279 61,307 47,769 128,132 352,487 123.94% UK Space Agency 19,000 19,000 19,000 19,000 19,000 76,000 100.00% HEI Capital HEFCE 166,952 75,170 90,970 90,160 101,500 357,800 60.80% HEI Research Capital England 158,420 53,199 64,377 63,810 71,831 253,217 45.34% HEI Research Capital Scotland 23,622 8,620 10,431 10,339 11,639 41,029 49.27% HEI Research Capital Wales5 6,031 2,113 2,557 2,535 2,854 10,059 47.32% HEI Research Capital N. Ireland5 1,778 798 965 957 1,077 3,797 60.57% TOTAL 872,621 514,000 449,000 416,000 517,000 1,896,000 59.25%
Allocations: Resource
800
600 AHRC BBSRC EPSRC 400 ESRC £m MRC NERC 200 STFC
0 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15
11 Allocations: Research Councils
After accounting for a number of financial pressures, including:
• additional costs of international subscription owing to exchange rate movements since the previous allocations
• to increase the allocation to MRC to a level which maintains expenditure at real terms
• providing for the increased running costs of the national facilities operated by STFC
All other Research Councils received approximately 97% of their 2010-11 budgets
Allocations: Research Councils
• The MRC resource expenditure is maintained in real terms. • The Department of Health will provide £220 million of funding for the UK Centre for Medical Research and Innovation (UKCMRI)
12 Research Councils
STFC
• Lord Drayson reviewed the role and funding of the STFC in 2010.
• He recommended “better management of pressures arising from international subscriptions (such as CERN), and longer-term planning and budgeting for large domestic facilities (such as Diamond)”.
• That approach has been adopted in these allocations.
Baseline Final Year 2010‐11 2011‐12 2012‐13 2013‐14 2014‐15 TOTALS to £'000 £'000 £'000 £'000 £'000 £'000 Baseline STFC ‐ Core Programme 177,519 190,060 172,200 172,200 172,190 706,650 97.00% STFC ‐ Cross‐Council facilities 66,800 77,170 79,280 81,410 89,470 327,330 133.94% STFC ‐ International Subscriptions 68,970 108,598 119,515 121,697 123,071 472,881 178.44%
Allocations: HEFCE
The Government will support world-class science and research and increase the focus on excellence.
• QR will fund internationally excellent research and institutions which attract leverage funds from business and charity
• HEIF will provide greater incentives to HEIs to increase interaction with business and other users.
• HEFCE is making major progress with the REF, in partnership with many academics.
13 Allocations: National Academies
British Academy
• Will implement a new programme supporting languages and quantitative methods in the humanities and social sciences.
• This programme reflects the Academy’s concerns about deficits in language and quantitative skills in UK education and research.
Allocations: Space Agency
Keeping the UK the forefront of scientific excellence in space, as well as in the exploitation of space infrastructure, products and services.
HYLAS
• The Highly Adaptable Satellite (HYLAS) will bring high-speed broadband services to remote rural areas.
• Serving hundreds of thousands of internet users across Europe.
14 Allocations: TSB
• Details of the Technology Strategy Board’s core budget will be announced in the near future.
• An additional £200 million will be provided to the Technology Strategy Board to establish a network of Technology and Innovation Centres.
• These centres will complement the Technology Strategy Board programmes it will take forward through its core programme budget
• Research Councils and the TSB will be working together to deliver effective Technology Innovation Centres.
Letter to The Times 22nd Oct 2010
We warmly welcome the settlement in the Comprehensive Spending Review for the ring-fenced science budget and university research funding. This is a strong signal from government and will boost the confidence of researchers and investors alike…. we are confident that research will make a full contribution to the economy and to society.
Sir John Bell, Academy of Medical Sciences; Professor Colin Blakemore, Former Chief Executive, Medical Research Council; Dr Mark Downs, Society of Biology; Sir Martin Evans, Nobel Laureate Professor; Hugh Griffiths, Campaign for Science and Engineering; Sir Tim Hunt, Nobel laureate; Sir Harry Kroto, Nobel laureate; Sir Howard Newby, Academy of Social Sciences; Sir Paul Nurse, Nobel laureate; Professor David Phillips, Royal Society of Chemistry; Professor Martin Rees, Royal Society; Professor Marshall Stoneham, Institute of Physics; Sir John Walker, Nobel laureate; Sir Mark Walport, The Wellcome Trust; Harpal Kumar, Cancer Research UK; Professor Glynis Breakwell, Vice-Chancellor, University of Bath; Professor Antony Hewish, Nobel laureate; Professor Simon Gaskell, Principal, Queen Mary University London; Professor Malcolm Grant, President and Provost, UCL; Professor Tom McLeish, Pro-Vice-Chancellor (Research), Durham University; Professor Guy Orpen, Pro-Vice-Chancellor (Research), University of Bristol
15