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The Technological and Economic Future of Nuclear Power Energiepolitik Und Klimaschutz Energy Policy and Climate Protection

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The Technological and Economic Future of Nuclear Power Energiepolitik Und Klimaschutz Energy Policy and Climate Protection Energiepolitik und Klimaschutz Energy Policy and Climate Protection Reinhard Haas · Lutz Mez Amela Ajanovic Editors The Technological and Economic Future of Nuclear Power Energiepolitik und Klimaschutz Energy Policy and Climate Protection Reihe herausgegeben von Lutz Mez , Berlin , Deutschland Achim Brunnengräber , Berlin , Deutschland Diese Buchreihe beschäftigt sich mit den globalen Verteilungskämpfen um knappe Energieressourcen, mit dem Klimawandel und seinen Auswirkungen sowie mit den globalen, nationalen, regionalen und lokalen Herausforderungen der umkämpften Ener- giewende. Die Beiträge der Reihe zielen auf eine nachhaltige Energie- und Klimapo- litik sowie die wirtschaftlichen Interessen, Machtverhältnisse und Pfadabhängigkeiten, die sich dabei als hohe Hindernisse erweisen. Weitere Themen sind die internationale und europäische Liberalisierung der Energiemärkte, die Klimapolitik der Vereinten Nationen (UN), Anpassungsmaßnahmen an den Klimawandel in den Entwicklungs-, Schwellen- und Industrieländern, Strategien zur Dekarbonisierung sowie der Ausstieg aus der Kernenergie und der Umgang mit den nuklearen Hinterlassenschaften. Die Reihe bietet ein Forum für empirisch angeleitete, quantitative und internatio- nal vergleichende Arbeiten, für Untersuchungen von grenzüberschreitenden Trans- formations-, Mehrebenen- und Governance-Prozessen oder von nationalen „best practice“-Beispielen. Ebenso ist sie offen für theoriegeleitete, qualitative Untersu- chungen, die sich mit den grundlegenden Fragen des gesellschaftlichen Wandels in der Energiepolitik, bei der Energiewende und beim Klimaschutz beschäftigen. This book series focuses on global distribution struggles over scarce energy resources, climate change and its impacts, and the global, national, regional and local challenges associated with contested energy transitions. The contributions to the series explore the opportunities to create sustainable energy and climate policies against the backdrop of the obstacles created by strong economic interests, power relations and path dependencies. The series addresses such matters as the international and European liberalization of energy sectors; sustainability and international climate change policy; climate change adaptation measures in the developing, emerging and industrialized countries; strategies toward decarbonization; the problems of nuclear energy and the nuclear legacy. The series includes theory-led, empirically guided, quantitative and qualitative international comparative work, investigations of cross-border transformations, governance and multi-level processes, and national “best practice”-examples. The goal of the series is to better understand societal-ecological transformations for low carbon energy systems, energy transitions and climate protection. Reihe herausgegeben von PD Dr. Lutz Mez PD Dr. Achim Brunnengräber Freie Universität Berlin Freie Universität Berlin More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/12516 Reinhard Haas · Lutz Mez · Amela Ajanovic Editors The Technological and Economic Future of Nuclear Power Editors Reinhard Haas Lutz Mez Technische Universität Wien Freie Universität Berlin Wien, Austria Berlin, Germany Amela Ajanovic Technische Universität Wien Wien, Austria This open access publication was funded by BMNT Austria, BMVIT Austria, City of Vienna, Austria, Province of Upper Austria, Province of Vorarlberg. ISSN 2626-2827 ISSN 2626-2835 (electronic) Energiepolitik und Klimaschutz. Energy Policy and Climate Protection ISBN 978-3-658-25986-0 ISBN 978-3-658-25987-7 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-25987-7 Springer VS © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s) 2019. This book is an open access publication. Open Access This book is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropri- ate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this book are included in the book’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the book’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. This Springer VS imprint is published by the registered company Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden GmbH part of Springer Nature The registered company address is: Abraham-Lincoln-Str. 46, 65189 Wiesbaden, Germany Preface In November 1978 the Austrian Electorate, in a nationwide referendum, decided against the commissioning of the frst Austrian Nuclear Power Plant in Zwentendorf. History proved this decision having been rather forward-looking. Today, 40 years later, having experienced the severe accidents of Chernobyl in 1986 and of Fukushima in 2011, both with far ranging and long lasting severe impacts, quite a number of countries is phasing-out, or has decided to phase-out, nuclear power. Nevertheless, other countries are determined to continue the use of nuclear power, or have decided to embark on a nuclear power programme. From our point of view, nuclear power cannot be considered compatible with the concept of sustainable development. Consequently, reliance on nuclear power must not be considered a viable option to combat climate change. Sustainable development, if fully applied to the energy sector, would require substantial increases in energy efciency and in energy saving as well as switch to renewable sources of energy. However, the global debate on the potential role of nuclear power in the decar- bonisation of our energy systems is ongoing. Tis debate urgently needs to beneft from sound scientifc evidence. Tis book highlights various important aspects of nuclear power from an up-to-date perspective. Tus, we are convinced that this book will serve as an important input to the debate and that it will have a lasting impact. Elisabeth Köstinger (Minister of Sustainability and Tourism) Norbert Hofer (Minister of Transport, Innovation and Technology) Ulli Sima (Vice-mayor, City of Vienna) Rudi Anschober (Regional Minister, Province of Upper Austria) Christian Gantner (Regional Minister, Province of Vorarberg) V VI Preface Acknowledgements Te authors are grateful to Veronika Kiesenhofer, Andreas Molin, Markus Nieder- mair, David Reinberger and Teo Zillner for their valuable support. Contents Introduction: Why Discuss Nuclear Power Today? . 1 Reinhard Haas, Lutz Mez, and Amela Ajanovic From Military to Early Civilian Applications. An Appraisal of the Initial Success of the Light Water Reactor Technology . 7 Maria Rosaria Di Nucci Te Current Status of the World Nuclear Industry . 35 Mycle Schneider, and Antony Froggatt Economics Te Collision of Atomic and Flow Renewable Power in Decarbonization of Electricity Supply . 77 Aviel Verbruggen, and Yuliya Yurchenko Te Historical Development of the Costs of Nuclear Power . 97 Reinhard Haas, Stephen Tomas, and Amela Ajanovic Renewable Energies versus Nuclear Power. Comparison of Financial Support Exemplifed at the Case of Hinkley Point C . 117 Gustav Resch, and Demet Suna Financing Nuclear Decommissioning . 139 Wolfgang Irrek VII VIII Contents Legislation Nuclear Policy in the EU from a Legal and Institutional Point-of-View . 169 Dörte Fouquet Economic Management of Future Nuclear Accidents . 211 Tomas Kåberger Corporate Policies of the Nuclear Vendors . 221 Stephen D. Tomas Technical Te Technological Development of Diferent Generations and Reactor Concepts . 243 David Reinberger, Amela Ajanovic, and Reinhard Haas Nuclear Waste, Proliferation Decommissioning of Nuclear Power Plants and Storage of Nuclear Waste. Experiences from Germany, France, and the U.K. 261 Ben Wealer, Jan Paul Seidel, and Christian von Hirschhausen Future Prospects on Coping with Nuclear Waste . 287 Gordon MacKerron Riding to the Rescue? Te Changing Picture in China and the Global Future of Nuclear Power . 299 M. V. Ramana Major Accidents Tree Decades afer Chernobyl: Technical or Human Causes? . 323 Nikolaus Muellner Contents IX Te Reality afer Fukushima in Japan. Actual Damage to Local People . 341 Tadahiro Katsuta Distributing the Costs of Nuclear Core Melts. Japan’s Experience afer 7 Years . 353 Eri Kanamori, and Tomas Kåberger Alternatives On New Tinking and Designs of Electricity Markets. Heading towards Democratic and Sustainable Electricity Systems . 369 Reinhard Haas, and Hans Auer IX Introduction: Why Discuss Nuclear Power Today? Reinhard Haas, Lutz Mez, and Amela Ajanovic1
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