Vol. 33, No. 2 “De Nieu Nederlanse Marcurius” June 2017

Events of Interest information go to: or capturing the effects of light on www.albanyinstitute.org. different surface textures. This June 9 and 10, 2017. “The Dutch exhibition explores the work of Dou in Connecticut: Exploring New *** and his contemporaries through the Netherland’s Fresh River.” Last Through September 17. “An Inner focused theme of the inner summer NNI took World,” is an exhibition at the world—considering tradition and to Rochester, New York. This Clark Art Institute in Williamstown, innovation in the representation of summer we are visiting Hartford, MA supported as part of the Dutch figures in interior spaces, Connecticut. This summer’s Culture USA program by the individuals in moments of program will include a reception Consulate General of the contemplation or quiet exchange, (cash bar) at the “Black Bear in New York. Genre and the enduring taste among Saloon” on Friday night with a painting— scenes depicting collectors for fijnschilderijen. keynote address by Russell Shorto, everyday life—flourished in the For more information go to: author of The Island at the Center Dutch Republic in the seventeenth clarkart.edu of the World. Saturday’s program at century. The style of fijnschild- the Old State House in Hartford erijen (or fine painting: highly will feature talks from historical detailed, naturalistic paintings Save the Date painter Len Tantillo, New rendered with an extraordinary The year 2017 marks the 100th Netherland Research Center precision of brushstrokes) became anniversary of women’s suffrage in Director Charles Gehring, New particularly popular in the New York State. The New Netherland Research Center university city of Leiden as a result Netherland Institute will use this Associate Director Janny Venema, of the artistic innovations centenary and our Annual Connecticut State Historian Walter developed by the painter Gerrit Dou Conference to highlight the role of Woodward, archaeologist Lucianne (1613–1675). Dou’s small-scale, women in the development of New Lavin, and the New Netherland finely executed genre scenes, which Netherland and early New York. Institute’s Associate for often feature a single figure leaning The conference will convene in Educational Materials Jessica Maul. out over a stone window ledge, Albany, New York at the New York For registration and more inform- display a splendid degree of illusion State Museum on the 22nd and 23rd ation go to our website. in the depiction of space, light, and of September 2017. The program *** material surfaces. The exquisite will open on Friday morning with a Until June 18, 2017. “Wampum character of these works, taken talk by NYU professor Susanah World: An Art Installation” by together with their possible Romney titled “Housewives and Renée Ridgway is on display at the symbolic or moralizing meaning, Businesswomen: Changing How Albany Institute of History and Art. encourages close study by viewers. We Think about Dutch Women in This multimedia exhibition is an Artists working in and around the Atlantic World.” Other artist’s interpretation of the Leiden in the late seventeenth and confirmed participants and their changing meaning of wampum early eighteenth centuries talks are Ruth Piwonka, “Trading from culture to culture and time responded to Dou’s themes and Ladies: What did they have in period to time period. It combines painting style in significant ways, common?”; Artyom Anikin, “The video installations and the artist’s whether by taking up the motif of a Short History of Witch Trials in watercolors and collage works with figure peering out of a stone Colonial New York”; Peter G. objects that the artist has selected archway or ledge, depicting the Rose, “Ms. Cookbooks as from the museum’s collection of intellectual meditations of a scholar, Documents of Social and Family Dutch colonial materials. For more History”; Dirk Mouw, “Women and

New Netherland Institute, Box 2536 Empire State Plaza Station, Albany, NY 12220 Voice: 518-486-4815 | Fax: 518-473-0472 [email protected] | www.newnetherlandinstitute.org Nieu Nederlanse Marcurius 2 the Dutch Reformed Church in Dutch masters’ interest in chapters deal with connections and North America: What We Can naturalistic representation and their comparisons between the two Learn from Congregational formidable and distinctive pictorial groups, most are focused on either Records”; Lana Holden, “Catalina skills. the Northeast or the Midwest and Trico”; Bill Greer, “Who Wears the For more information and beyond. Happily, in scrutinizing Trousers?”; David Voorhees, thumbnails of the collection, go to: these papers, New Netherland “Women in Leisler’s Rebellion”; artgallery.yale.edu/ researchers will see possibilities for Julie van den Hout,” Mary Doughty selections-van-otterloo-collection comparing and linking to this later van der Donck: This Preacher’s *** period while the scholars of the Daughter was no Shrinking Violet”; For those of you in The Netherlands Midwestern Dutch will recognize Kate Lynch, “‘She Removed to the or planning to visit there this opportunities to make connections Dutch Against the Advice of Her summer, one of our members to the Dutch colonial period. Friends’: Lady Deborah Moody and wanted you to know that Kiliaen Insights into various Dutch New Netherland’s Dissident van Rensselaer’s house in Hasselt American topics on both sides of Women”; Karen Hess, “Ariaantje near Zwolle, the town where he was the divide are presented in Sharing Coeymans.” If you would like to be born, is open to the public on Pasts: immigration; wilderness and notified when registration becomes request for visiting. Go to this site cultural persistence; Dutch available, see our homepage under and scroll down toward the bottom American culture moving west; the News & Events. for an address and photo of the Dutch and Indians under English estate: colonial rule; American influence http://tiphasselt.nl/bezienswaar on Dutch communities and News digheden/ churches; and the rekindling of Over the past two decades, affection for the Netherlands in Rose-Marie and Eijk van Otterloo America. If researchers are looking have assembled one of the most Publications for topics on the Dutch in America, magnificent private collections of When in 2015 the Association for they will find them here. 17th-century Dutch art in the world, the Advancement of Dutch Henk Aay, Janny Venema, comprising superb examples of American Studies [AADAS] and Dennis Voskuil (eds), Sharing nearly all the major categories of the New Netherland Institute Pasts: Dutch Americans through subject matter explored by artists of decided to organize a joint Four Centuries (Holland MI: Van the time: portraits, landscapes, conference, “The Dutch in America Raalte Press, 2017). 284 pp.; church interiors, still lifes, genre Across the Centuries: Connections $25.00. The book can be ordered scenes, and more. All of the works and Comparisons,” the motivation through the NNI. in the van Otterloo collection are was to build connections between *** distinguished by their remarkable two major institutions for research Revolution Song: A Story of quality, enviable condition, and on the history of the Dutch in American Freedom by Russell dazzling display of pictorial craft. America: the NNRC/NNI, which Shorto, author of the acclaimed The Van Otterloos continue to focuses mostly on colonial New Island at the Center of the World. pursue their learned Netherland and its legacy in the With America’s founding principles passion—which extends to Northeastern United States, being debated today as never before, 17th-century Dutch furniture and beginning in 1609, and the Russell Shorto looks back to the era decorative arts as well—as they AADAS, which specializes more in in which those principles were expand their collection of the Dutch immigration wave to the forged. Drawing on new sources, he masterworks and generously make Midwest and its impact, beginning weaves the lives of six people into a their rare and cherished paintings in 1847. Due to this geographical seamless narrative that casts fresh accessible through loans to divide, scholars of the Midwest are light on the range of experience in museums and exhibitions. not very familiar with the history of colonial America on the cusp of The Yale University Art Gallery New Netherland and, vice versa, revolution. While some of the has put on view an extraordinary scholars of New Netherland are not protagonists a Native American group of 30 paintings borrowed very knowledgeable about the — warrior, a British aristocrat, George from the Van Otterloo collection, history of the Dutch in the Midwest Washington play major roles on featuring works by Frans Hals, and beyond. — the field of battle, others—a woman, Gerrit Dou, Jacob van Ruisdael, Jan Twelve papers presented at this a slave, and a laborer struggle no van de Cappelle, Pieter Saenredam, conference comprise Sharing Pasts: — less valiantly to realize freedom for Jan Steen, Willem Claesz Heda, Jan Dutch Americans through Four themselves. Porcellis, and others. This imposing Centuries. They illuminate this group brilliantly demonstrates the geographical divide: while some Nieu Nederlanse Marcurius 3

Through these lives we scholars of New England families asset, and an opportunity to spread understand that the Revolution was, had already done for that colony. Willem III’s influence around the indeed, fought over the meaning of Kenney’s book Stubborn for globe. The completion of the individual freedom, a philosophical Liberty was commissioned by New translation of Volume 23 would idea that became a force for violent York State to commemorate the bring the number of translated change. A powerful narrative and a Bicentennial of the Declaration of volumes in the NYCM to eighteen brilliant defense of American Independence in 1976. This work and will bring us one step closer to values, Revolution Song makes the also influenced and inspired me, as the goal of translating all the compelling case that the American it did a great many other historians, records in this irreplaceable Revolution is still being fought who now realized that the Dutch collection. today and that its ideals are worth period in American history held *** defending. rich opportunities for scholarly Another group of NNI’s “Emerging 512 pages. Scheduled for release study. Neglected and ignored Scholars” will present their work at by W.W. Norton & Co. on Nov. 7, forever, the Dutch period and its the next annual meeting of the 2017. ongoing legacy have fostered a new American Historical Association, appreciation of our beginnings as a 4-7 January 2018 in Washington, nation.” D.C. Entitled “Women and the NNI News *** Construction of Racial Identity in Ten episodes of our podcast “New At the annual meeting in May of Global Dutch Communities in the Netherland Praatjes,” hosted by The Society of Daughters of Seventeenth and Eighteenth Russell Shorto are now available on Holland Dames, Descendants of the Centuries,” the panel will feature our site with several more planned: Ancient and Honorable Families of papers presented by Erin Kramer Charles Gehring, James Bradley, New Netherland, it was agreed to (Ph.D. Cand., University of Len Tantillo, Susanah Romney, provide $50,000 to the New Wisconsin-Madison), Deborah Jeroen Dewulf, Janny Venema, Netherland Institute to support the Hamer (Postdoctoral Fellow, Dennis Maika, Heidi Hill, and Paul translation of the 638 pages of Omohundro Institute for Early Huey. The latest episode features Volume 23 of the New York American History and Culture) and Mark Schaming, the new Deputy Colonial Manuscripts [NYCM]. Nicole Maskiell (Asst. Prof. of Commissioner of Cultural Frequently referred to as the Colve History, University of South Education and Director of the New Papers, these records document the Carolina). Wim Klooster (Prof. of York State Museum. After administration of Anthony Colve, History, Clark University) will offer listening, please take our survey to New Netherland’s governor during commentary on the papers. The let us know what you think. Go to: the colony’s short-lived restoration session will be chaired by Dennis http://bit.ly/2mP214T of 1673–74. The Colve Papers are Maika (Senior Historian and *** part of the collection of over 12,000 Education Director, NNI) The Alice P. Kenney Memorial Dutch-language colonial documents *** Award was presented to Firth currently housed at the New York Like all non-profits, The New Haring Fabend at the NNI Annual State Archives, documents crucial Netherland Institute depends upon Meeting on May 19 at Albany’s to the study of New Netherland, the generosity of its members and University Club. After thanking the early America, and the early friends for financial support in committee and the Institute, Firth modern world. To complete the order to continue to advance made a few remarks worthy of your translation, NNI will employ knowledge of the role of the Dutch consideration: Artyom Anikin, a doctoral in the Atlantic world. While annual “Alice Kenney was a descendant of candidate in history at the gifts are always most welcome, the earliest Dutch settlers of University of Amsterdam who is in there are several other ways to Albany. The Gansevoorts of the final stages of a dissertation on support NNI. For example, consider Albany, her book exploring the the Colve administration. Anikin’s naming NNI as a beneficiary of history of this family, was one of language skills and expertise make your estate. This can be the first works I read when I was him ideal for the project. accomplished by a bequest in your contemplating writing my Renamed New Orange under Colve, will or a directive to your trustee dissertation at NYU on the Haring New Netherland’s great port city wherein you donate cash or stocks family. The Gansevoorts validated had changed considerably from its to NNI as either a percentage of the for me that doing family history, time as “,” largely whole or a defined amount. Your even of my own family, could be a due to intervening changes in the attorney can supply the appropriate worthy enterprise. As it turned out, global balance of power. As Anikin language. Or you can designate it was, in doing for family history in has recently argued, New Orange NNI as a primary or secondary New Netherland and beyond what was a flashpoint in the ongoing war beneficiary of an insurance policy with the English, a fragile military or an IRA. Again, a specified Nieu Nederlanse Marcurius 4

amount or a percentage is neighbors. In Orange itself, St. competent military leader, appropriate. Eutrope Hill was re-fortified. Prince Maurice continued his As the rebellion gained father’s campaign momentum, so did the successfully. By 1596, both Totidem Verbis Catholic opposition, especially France and England were [Conclusion of James Bradley’s in the southern portion of the prepared to back the United “How the Dutch became Orange.” ] Netherlands. In January 1579, Provinces against Spain and In April 1572 a band of Water- a group of Catholic nobles even acknowledge them as an geuzen, or Sea Beggars as they formed the Union of Arras, independent federation. were called, captured the town pledging their allegiance to Throughout the seven- of Brill in South Holland. Phillip and the Roman teenth century, the House of Contrary to their normal “hit Catholic Church. In turn, the Orange went on to inter- and run” tactics, they occupied Protestant northern provinces national renown while the the town and claimed it by signed the Union of Utrecht principality of Orange receded raising the Prince of Orange’s agreeing to remain united in a back onto a more modest flag above the city. This event “perpetual” alliance as if they stage. As Wars of Religion was followed by other cities were one. The Union of graded into the Thirty Years’ opening their gates for the Utrecht is regarded as the War (1618 to 1648), Orange Watergeuzen, and soon most foundation of the Dutch was often in conflict with its cities in Holland and Republic although it would not Catholic neighbors. For this were in the hands of the rebels. be recognized formally by reason, Prince Maurice built a Soon after, an assembly of the Spain for another eighty years. substantial fortified chateau on States- General was called in Phillip responded by declaring St. Eutrope hill between 1620 Dordrecht where William of William an outlaw and heretic and 1622, widely considered Orange was reinstated as in 1580. Consequently, one of the most beautiful and stadtholder, or the legitimate William advised the impregnable fortresses in representative of the King’s States-General to elect a new Europe at the time. This authority. It was not yet a sovereign and suggested survived until 1674 when declaration of independence, Phillip’s enemy, the Duke of Louis XIV, in a fit of pique not yet. Anjou. Although this transfer against the Dutch, ordered it Declaring a revolt was not of authority did not take place, demolished. By this time, the the same as being successful. it did lead to an Act of House of Orange had little And while there were initial Abjuration in July 1581 by association with the town. In successes in Holland, the first which the northern provinces, 1689, William III, Prince of few years were a military now assembled in The Hague, Orange became William III, disaster. It was not until 1573 formally withdrew their King of England and had little when the town of Alkmaar allegiance from Phillip II. time for the affairs of his fended off Alba’s siege Success came at a high price namesake house. With attempt and a year later when for William. After surviving William’s death in 1702, the Leiden’s siege was lifted by numerous attempts, he was principality passed to Francois the rebels that the situation assassinated in Delft by Louis de Bourbon, Prince of began to turn in their favor. Balthasar Gérard, a Catholic Conti, much to the annoyance By then, William had joined partisan, in 1584. of Louis XIV who believed it the Calvinist Church leaving William’s death left the should be under royal control. his Catholic heritage behind. revolt and the new republic Acting on his beliefs, Louis Meanwhile, things were not leaderless, but by this time, the seized the principality the going well back in Orange House of Orange was so following year, expelling all either. During the 1560s and thoroughly associated with the remaining Protestants. It 70s, Protestant troops from Dutch independence that the was not until the Treaty of Orange and Catholic forces States-General made William’s Utrecht in 1713, that Great from the surrounding Comtat 17 year-old son, Prince Britain finally relinquished its Venissan communities Maurice, a member of the claim to Orange and it alternately destroyed each Council of State who would officially became a part of other’s towns and killed their administer the union, and France. [concluded] eventually stadholder. A