AN ANNOTATED LIST OF THE SPIDERS (ARACHNIDA: ARANEIDA) FOUND IN FORT WASHINGTON AND PISCATAWAY NATIONAL PARKS, MARYLAND
Theodore W. Suman
Principal Investigator
Theodore W. Suman, Ph.D. 7591 Polly's Hill Lane Easton, Maryland 21601 (410) 822 1204 [email protected] 1
AN ANNOTATED LIST OF THE SPIDERS (ARACHNIDA: ARANEIDA) FOUND IN FORT WASHINGTON AND PISCATAWAYNATIONALPARKS,MARYLAND
Theodore W. Suman
The spiders (Arachnida: Araneida) listed in this report represent the results of a two year (2002 - 2003) survey conducted in Fort Washington and Piscataway National Parks located in southwestern Prince Georges and northwestern Charles Counties, Maryland.
This survey is part of the National Park Service's effort to broaden knowledge of the biodiversity occurring within the National Park system and was conducted under Permit # NACE - 2002 - SCI - 0005 and Park assigned Study Id # NACE - 00018.
Table 1 is an alphabetical list (subfamily, genus, species) of all of the spiders found in both Parks. Information on the number of specimens collected, sex, date(s) collected, collecting location(s), and habitat(s) is also included. Table 2 lists the species found in only one or the other of the two Parks.
General information on the collecting dates, collecting and extraction methods, and collecting sites is described below.
COLLECTING DATES
Collecting dates were spread throughout the spring to fall seasons of 2002 and 2003 to maximize the probability of finding all of the species present. Collecting dates for each Park are listed separately.
FORT WASHINGTON
2002-27 March; 2,23 April; 20 May; 21,23 Aug.; 12,25 Sept. 2003 - 8 May; 12,26 June
PISCATAWAY PARK
2002-9,16 April; 21 May; 24 June; 1 July 2003 - 20,30 May; 5 Nov. 2
COLLECTING AND EXTRACTING METHODS
Specimens were collected on site by the following methods.
- A standard insect sweep net used both for sweeping vegetation and beating vegetation as high as could be reached.
- Hand sweeping about one square meter of leaf litter for later extraction of specimens in lab.
- Pitfall traps using plastic drinking cups (15 cm. in dia.) with non-toxic antifreeze for a preservative. The traps were left in place about one week
- Hand collecting specimens from webs, dead leaves, etc.
Extraction in the lab. of specimens from leaf litter and ofller debris utilized Berlese funnels (15 watt light bulb hung over the top) and Winkler mesh bags. The funnels and mesh bags operated for several days each until no more specimens were recovered.
COLLECTING SITES
The collecting sites selected represent different types of habitats. Sites within each park are designated in Table 1 with the numbers I through 3 for Fort Washington and with numbers 4 through 7 for Piscataway Park. The specific habitats within each site are designated with letters.
FORT WASIDNGTON
1. Southeastern part of Park, Includes gravel service road beyond locked chain to Bunker B.
a. Open grass areas and young upland woods on west side of service road about halfway between locked chain and Bunker B.
b. Deep gully adjacent to and north of Bunker B.
c. In, around, and on top of Bunker B. 3
2. Western part of Park near public fishing area and lighthouse. Includes grass area and adjacent woods to parking lot, around old brick building, and edge of Potomac River near lighthouse.
a. Beach and misc. debris used as bulk heading along Potomac River.
b. Debris around foundation of old brick building near river.
c. Young stand of trees about halfway between parking lot and river.
d. Vegetation (grass, trees, edge veg.) adjacent to parking lot.
3. Northeastern part of Park. Includes sites west of service road/trail that begins on right (north) just before Entrance Station to park, and picnic area and adjacent woods on west side of site. ·
a. Wooded area and gully west of service road/trail. Located about 2/10 kilometer from locked chain at entrance to service road/trail.
b. Area of mowed grass and edge vegetation on west side of service road/trail about halfway between entrance to road and site 3a.
c. Grass area around picnic tables, adjacent woods, and gully in interior of woods. Site located on west side of site 3.
PISCATAWAY PARK
4. Mockley Point and adjacent Indian grounds.
a. Mockley Point. Includes agricultural field/meadow along dirt road leading to Point, and woods and beach area along Potomac River at end of dirt road.
b. Areas adjacent to Indian grounds. Includes dry and swampy woods on eastern side of Accokeek Creek. 4
5. Park on west side of Accokeek Creek. Includes meadows along access road, woods adjacent to parking lot, and western bank of Accokeek Creek near mouth and western end of boardwalk.
a. Meadows on both sides of access road leading to parking lot.
b. Wooded bank along western side of Accokeek Creek near mouth.
c. Dry woods adjacent to parking lot between lot and Potomac River.
6. National Colonial Farm grounds.
a. Maintenance and storage buildings and museum barn. Includes area around foundation of buildings, in buildings, and nearby young patch of woods and dry stream bed.
b. Area along Bluebird trail. Includes meadow just east of trail, woods just west of trail, and in gully adjacent to trail.
7. Marshall Hall. Collecting sites located just northeast of end of entrance road.
a. Along Potomac River. Includes beach debris, and woody and herbaceous riparian vegetation.
b. Wooded area northeast of historic cemetery. Includes vegetation in bottom of wet gully, sides of gully, and upland woods. 5
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Table 1 lists all of the spider species found during this survey. Table 2 lists the species occurring in only one or the other of the two Parks.
A total of about 113 species belonging to 84 genera and 24 families were found. For comparison, the last comprehensive list of spiders in Maryland was published by Muma (1945). Muma listed 406 species belonging to 179 genera and 26 families. Since Muma's work in the 1940's however, there have been many changes in spider taxonomy at all levels (family, genus, species) making a comparison difficult.
Spiders are solitary predators with few individuals of the different species collected. Further complicating this spider survey is that many individuals collected are immature making identifications very difficult. If immature specimens could be identified to at least genus, they were included.
No threatened, endangered or invasive species were found. Most of the species are fairly common and probably would not require any special conservation measures beyond maintaining the Parks in at least their present condition.
The only poisonous spider found was the Black Widow (Latrodectus mactans) A female was collected on the National Colonial Farm grounds by farm personnel. The Brown Recluse spider (Loxosceles reclusa) has been found in Maryland but was not found during this survey.
Because specialized equipment and methods, not available for this survey, are required for sampling in the forest canopy, spiders from this habitat were not collected. Levi (1973), for example, indicated that numerous small orb-weavers (Araneidae: Araneus) may occur in the forest tree-crowns. Future surveys of the fauna in the Parks should include this habitat. 6
TABLEl
Table 1 is an alphabetical list (by family, genus and species) of all of the spider species found in both Parks during this survey. Following the name of each species is information on:
1. The total number and sex of the specimens collected (m. = male; f = female; imm. = immature).
2. The National Park Service catalog numbers (FOWA ..... = Fort Washington; PISC ..... = Piscataway Park).
3. Site(s) and date(s) represent where the specimens were collected within the Parks and the day(s) and month(s) when the specimens were collected.
4. The habitat(s) of the specimens and the method(s) of collecting and extracting.
AGELENIDAE
Agelenopsis sp.; 1 imm.; FOWA - 13656; Site - 1b; 2002 - 23 April Habitat - leaf litter in gully; Berlese
Cicurina brevis (Emerton); 1 f.; PISC-21476 Site - 4b; 2002 - 21 May Habitat - rotten wood in swampy woods
Tegenaria domesticus (Clerck); 1 imm.; PISC-21477 Site - 6a; 2002 - 21 May Habitat - on web in museum biding.
Tegenaria sp.; 2 imm.'s; PISC-21478 Site - 6a; 2002 - 21 May Habitat- in museum & hay storage hidings. 7
Wadotes calcaratus (Keyserling); 2 m. 's FOWA-13657 Site - 3a; 2002 - 2 April; 2003 - 8-20 May Habitat - leaf litter in woods; Berlese, Winkler
Wadotes sp.; 2 imm.'s FOWA-13658; PISC-21479 Sites- lb, 6b; 2002- 9, 23 April Habitat - leaf litter in gully; Berlese
AMAUROBIIDAE
Amaurobius sp.; 1 imm. PISC 21480 Site - 6a; 2002 - 21 May Habitat - web in museum biding.
ANYPHAENIDAE
Anyphaena fraterna (Banks); I imm. FOWA-13659 Site - 3a; 2003 - 8-20 May Habitat - pitfall trap in woods
Anyphaena sp.; 28 imm.'s FOWA-13660;PISC-21481 Sites - la, lb, le, 2d, 3a, 4a, 5c, 6b, 7a 2002 -2,9,16,23 April; 21 May; I July; 12,25 Sept. 2003 - 26 June; 5 Nov. Habitat - sweeping vegetation in woods
Hibana gracilis (Hentz); 3 imm. 's FOWA- 13661; PISC-21482 Sites- la, 3a, 7b; 2002-2 April; 12 Sept.; 2003 - 5 Nov. Habitat - litter in open areas & in woods; sweeping, Berlese
Wulfila alba (Hentz); 1 m., 1 f PISC-21483 Site - 5c; 2002 - 1 July Habitat - beating dead leaves in woods 8
Wulfila saltabunda (Hentz); 1 f PISC-21484 Site - 6b; 2003 - 20 May Habitat - sweeping along trail
Wulfila sp.; 13 imm. 's FOWA - 13662; PISC - 21485 Sites- la, 3a, 4a, 4b, 6b; 2002- 2,9,16,23 April; 21 May Habitat - sweeping veg. along beach & in woods, dead leaves in gully
ARANEIDAE
Araneus marmoreus Clerck; 1 f. FOWA-13663 Site - le; 2002 - 25 Sept. Habitat - sweeping vegetation around Bunker B
Araneus pratensis (Emerton); 3 f's PISC-21486 Site - 6b; 2002 - 9 April Habitat - sweeping in meadow
Eustala anastera (Walckenaer); 2 f. 's FOWA-13664 Site - 2d; 2003 - 26 June Habitat - sweeping trees at edge of parking lot
Larinioides comuta (Clerck); 1 m., 1 f FOWA - 13665; PISC - 21487 Sites - la, 4a; 2002 - 12 Sept.; 23 Aug. Habitat - sweeping in meadow and woods
Mangora maculata (Keyserling); 2 m.'s, 1 f, 4 imm.'s FOWA - 13666; PISC - 21488 Sites - 2d, 3c, 5c; 2002 - 1 July; 2003 - 12, 26 June Habitat- litter in gully, dead leaves in woods, veg. along parking lot; Winkler, sweeping
Micrathena gracilis (Walckenaer); 1 f FOWA-13667 Site - le; 2002 - 12 Sept. Habitat - sweeping veg. around Bunker B 9
Mirathena mitrata (Hentz); 1 f PISC-21489 Site - 6b; 2002 - 21 Aug. Habitat - edge of Calamus swamp drainage
Neoscona arabesca (Walckenaer); 2 f's FOWA - 13668; PISC - 21490 Sites- le, 4a; 2002-23 Aug.; 25 Sept. Habitat - wet meadow, sweeping veg. around Bunker B
Neoscona domiciliorum (Hentz); 1 f FOWA-13669 Site - 1c; 2002 - 25 Sept. Habitat - sweeping veg. around Bunker B
Neoscona hentzii (Keyserling); 1 f. PISC-21491 Site - 6b; 2002 - 21 Aug. Habitat - edge of Calamus swamp drainage
Verrucosa arenata (Walckenaer); I f PISC-21492 Site - 6b; 2002 - 21 Aug. Habitat - edge of Calamus swamp drainage
ATYPIDAE
Spodros sp.; 8 imm. 's FOWA-13671; PISC-21494 Sites - 3c, 4b, 5b, 6b; 2002 - 16 April; 20 May 2003 - 8, 30 May; 12 June Habitat - litter in woods & gully and along Accokeek Creek; Berlese, Winkler CLUBIONIDAE
Castianeira longipalpa (Hentz); If PISC-21495 Site - 5a; 2002 - I July Habitat - pitfall trap in meadow
Castianeira sp.; I imm. FOWA-13672 Site- I b; 2002 - 25 Sept. Habitat - litter in gully; Berlese
Clubiona bishopi Edwards; I f FOWA-13673 Site - 2d; 2003 - 26 June Habitat - sweeping veg. next to parking lot
Clubiona catawba Gertsch; I f PISC-21496 Site - 5a; 2002 - I July Habitat - pitfall trap in meadow
Clubiona sp.; 6 imm.'s FOWA-13674; PISC-21497 Sites - 3c, 4b, 5a, 5b; 2002 - 21 May; 24 June; I July 2003 - 12 June Habitat - edge veg., debris in dry stream bed, veg. in swampy woods, meadow
Clubionoides excepta (L. Koch); 2 m. 's, I f FOWA-13675 Sites - le, 2a; 2002-25 Sept.; 2003-26 June Habitat - debris at high tide line; Berlese
Clubionoides sp.; 24 imm. 's FOWA - 13676; PISC - 21498 Sites - 1a, 1c, 3c, 4a, 5c, 6a, 6b; 2002-9, 16 April; 21 May; 24 June; 12, 25 Sept. 2003 - 12 June Habitat- litter in woods, veg. around Bunker B, edge veg., dead leaves in gully, debris along beach, pine needle compost pile; Berlese, Winkler, sweeping 11
Phrurotimpus alarius (Hentz); 7 m.'s, 3 f's FOWA-13677; PISC-21499 Sites - 3a, 6a, 6b; 2002 - 21 May; 2003 - 8, 8-20, 20, 20-30 May Habitat- litter in woods, debris outside storage bldings, litter in gully; Berlese, Winkler, pitfall traps
Phrurotimpus borealis (Emerton); 3 f. 's FOWA - 13678; PISC - 21500 Sites - 2c, 5c; 2002 - 1 July; 2003 - 26 June Habitat - litter in woods; Berlese
Phrurotimpus sp.; 54 imm. 's FOWA-13679; PISC-21501 Sites - la, 1b, le, 2b, 3c, 4a, 4b, 6a, 6b, 7b 2002 - 9, 16 April; 21 May; 12, 25 Sept. 2003 - 20, 20-3- May; 12, 26 June; 5 Nov. Habitat- litter in woods, gully, around biding, top of Bunker B, edge veg.; Berlese, Winkler, pitfall traps
Scotinella divinula (Gertsch); 1 f. PISC-21502 Site - 6a; 2002 - 21 May Habitat - debris along hay storage biding; Berlese
Scotinella madisonia Levi; 1 m., 3 f. 's PISC-21503 Sites - 4a, 5b, 6a; 2002 - 21 May; 2003 - 30 May Habitat - litter along bank of Accokeek Creek, outside storage blding, beach debris; Berlese
Scotinella redempta (Gertsch); 6 m. 's, 15 f. 's FOWA-13680;PISC-21504 Sites- lb, 2b, 2c, 3a, 4b, 5c, 6b 2002 - 2, 16, 23 April; 1 July 2003- 8, 20 May; 12, 26 June Habitat-litter in woods, gully, base ofblding, edge veg.; Berlese, Winkler
Scotinella sp.;5 imm. 's FOWA-13681; PISC-21505 Sites- la, 3c, 4b, 6a, 6b; 2002- 9, 16 April; 12 Sept. 2003 - 12 June Habitat - litter in woods, pine needle compost pile; Berlese, Winkler 12
Trachelas similis F.0.P. Cambridge; 5 f. 's FOWA-13682; PISC-21506 Sites- la, 4a, 6b; 2002-27 March; 9, 16 April Habitat- litter in woods, gully; Berlese, Winkler
Trachelas tranquillus (Hentz); 1 f. FOWA-13683 Site - la; 2002 - 12 Sept. Habitat - sweeping veg. in woods
Trachelas sp.; 7 imm.' s PISC-21507 Sites - 5c, 6a; 2002 - 21 May; 1 July Habitat - litter in woods, dead leaves; Berlese
CTENIZIDAE
Ummidia sp.; 1 imm. FOWA-13684 Site - 3a; 2002 - 2 April Habitat - litter in gully; Berlese
DICTYNIDAE
Emblyna cruciata (Emerton); 1 f, 1 imm. FOWA-13685; PISC-21508 Sites - 2d, 5b; 2002 - 1 July; 2003 2- 26 June Habitat - sweeping veg. at edge of parking lot & along trail
Emblyna sublata (Hentz); 20 m. 's, 16 f's FOWA- 13686; PISC-21509 Sites- la, lb, 2d, 3c, 4a, 4b, 5c; 2002- 16, 23 April; 21 May; 1 July 2003 - 12, 26 June Habitat- litter in woods, gully, dead leaves, edg@ veg.; Berlese, sweeping
Lathys immaculata Chamberlin & Ivie; 1 f FOWA-13688 Site- la; 2002- 12 Sept. Habitat - litter in woods; Berlese 13
Lathys sp.; 3 imm.' s FOWA-13689 Site- la; 2002 - 12 Sept. Habitat - litter in woods; Berlese, Winkler
Dictyna/Emblyna sp.; 100 imm.'s FOWA-13687;PISC-21510 Sites- la, le, 3a, 4a, 4b, 5c, 6b, 7b 2002-27 March; 2,9,16,23 April; 21 May; 24 June; 1 July, 12, 25 Sept. 2003-5Nov. Habitat - litter in woods, open areas, meadow, veg. around Bunker B, dead leaves; Berlese, Winkler, sweeping
DYSDERIDAE
Dysdera crocata C. L. Koch; 3 imm. 's FOWA-13690 Sites-2b. 2c. 3c; 2003 - 12, 26 June Habitat- edge veg., litter at base of biding, woods; Berlese
GNAPHOSIDAE
Cesonia bilineata (Hentz); 1 m. PISC-21511 Site - 4a; 2002 - 21 May Habitat - beach debris; Berlese
Drassyllus dixinus Chamberlin; 1 f. PISC-21512 Site 6b; 2003 - 20-30 May Habitat - in meadow; pitfall trap
Drassyllus eremitus Chamberlin; 1 f PISC-21513 Site - 5b; 2003 - 30 May Habitat - litter along bank of Accokeek Creek; Berlese
Drassyllus novus Banks; 3 m. 's FOWA-13691 Site - 3a; 2003 - 8-20 May Habitat - in woods; pitfall trap 14
Drassyllus sp.; 27 imm. 's FOW A - 13692; PISC - 21514 Sites- la, lb, 3c, 4b, 5c, 6a, 6b 2002- 27 March; 9,16,23 April; 21 May; 1 July; 12,25 Sept. 2003 - 20 May; 12 June Habitat- litter in woods, gully, top of Bunker B, debris along foundation of bl ding; Berlese, Winkler, pitfall traps
Gnaphosa sp.; 14 imm.' s FOWA-13693 Site- la; 2002 - 27 March; 12 Sept. Habitat - litter in woods; Berlese, Winkler
Sergio/us capulatus (Walckenaer); 2 m. 's FOWA-13694; PISC-21515 Sites- 3c, 6b; 2003 - 20-30 May; 12 June Habitat- edge veg., in gully; Berlese, pitfall traps
Zelotes sp.; 1 imm. FOWA-13695 Site - 1c; 2002 - 25 Sept. Habitat - litter on top of Bunker B; Berlese
HAHNIIDAE
Neoantistea agilis (Keyserling); 5 f. 's FOWA-13696; PISC-21516 Sites- lb, 3a, 6b; 2002-2,23 April; 25 Sept.; 2003 - 8-20 May Habitat - litter in woods, gully; Berlese, pitfall traps
LINYPHIIDAE
Agyneta angulata (Emerton); 1 m., 9 f. 's FOWA-13697; PISC-21517 Sites - la, 3a, 4a, 6b, 7b; 2002 - 9 April; 21 May; 12 Sept.; 2003 - 8-20 May; 5 Nov. Habitat - litter in woods, gully, wheat field; Berlese, Winkler, sweeping, pitfall traps
Agyneta sp. 1 f PISC-21518 Site - 6b; 2002 - 9 April Habitat- litter in gully; Winkler 15
Ceraticelusfissiceps (O.P. Cambridge); 2 m.'s, 4 f. 's FOWA-13698 Sites - 1c, 2d; 2002 - 25 Sept.; 2003 - 26 June Habitat - sweeping veg. aound Bunker B, edge of parking lot
Ceratinopsidisformosa (Banks); 1 m., 3 f. 's FOWA-13699 Site - la; 2002 - 12 Sept. Habitat - sweeping open areas and in woods
Ceratinopsis interpres (O.P. Chamberlin); 2 m.'s, 5 f.'s PISC-21519 Site - 4a; 2002 - 21 May Habitat - sweeping herb. veg. in woods
Eridantes erigonoides (Emerton); 1 m. PISC-21520 Site - 6b; 2003 - 20-30 May Habitat - pitfall trap in meadow
Erigone autumnalis Emerton; 3 m.'s PISC-21521 Sites - 4a, 6b; 2002 - 9, 16 April Habitat - sweeping in meadow
Frontinella communis (Hentz); t-f. FOWA-13700 Site- 3c; 2002 - 2 April Habitat - sweeping edge of grassy area
Lepthyphantes nr. compicatus Emerton; 1 f. FOWA-13701 Site - 1b; 2002 - 25 Sept. Habitat - litter in gully; Berlese
Lepthyphantes sabulosa (Keyserling); 1 f. FOWA-13702 Site - 3c; 2002 - 2 April Habitat - sweeping edge of grassy area
Neriene radiata (Walckenaer); 1 m., 1 f. FOWA-13703 Site - 3a; 2002 - 2 April Habitat - hand collected - fems in gully 16
Neriene variabilis (Banks); 2 f's FOWA-13704 Site - 3a; 2002 - 2 April Habitat - hand collected - ferns in gully
Pityophantes costatus (Hentz); 2 m.'s, 2 f's FOWA-13705;PISC-21522 Sites - le, 6b; 2002- 2,9 April Habitat - hand collected - top of Bunker B, dead leaves in gully
LYCOSIDAE
Allocosafunerea (Hentz); 1 m., 1 f, 1 imm. PISC-21523 Site - 6b; 2003 - 20,20-30 May; Habitat- litter in gully, veg. along trail; Winkler, pitfall traps, sweepmg
Allocosa sp.; 22 imm. 's PISC-21524 Sites-4a, 4b, 6a, 6b; 2002- 9,16 April; 2003 - 20-30 May Habitat- litter in woods, gully, next to hidings; Berlese, Winkler, pitfall traps
Hognafrondicola (Emerton); 1 f PISC-21525 Site - site and date unknown (SI small mammal team
Hogna helluo (Walckenaer); 1 f. PISC-21526 Site - 7b; 2002 - 30 July Habitat - low woods; pitfall trap
Hogna rabida (Walckenaer); 5 m.'s, 4 f's PISC-21527 Sites - 6a, 7a; 2002 - 30 July, fall Habitat - low woods, grass along shore of Potomac River; pitfall traps
Hogna sp.; 8 imm. 's PISC-21528 Sites - 3a, 5a, 6a; 2002 - 1 July; 2003 - 8-20,20-30 May Habitat - meadow, woods, next to biding; pitfall traps 17
Pardosa atlantica Emerton; 1 imm. PISC-21529 Site - 5a; 2002 - 1 July Habitat - in meadow; pitfall trap
Pirata aspirans Chamberlin; 1 f. PISC-21530 Site - 5b; 2003 - 31 May Habitat - litter along bank of Accokeek Creek; Berlese
Pirata montanus Emerton; 1 imm. PISC-21531 Site - 5a; 2002 - 1 July Habitat - in meadow; pitfall trap
Pirata sedentarius Montgomery; 9 m. 's, 10 f's FOWA- 13707; PISC- 21532 Sites - lb, 5b, 5c, 6a, 6b; 2002 - 23 April; 21 May; 24 June; 1 July 2003 - 20,30 May; 30 May Habitat - litter in woods, gully, debris along hidings, bank of Accokeek creek; Berlese, Winkler, pitfall traps
Pirata sp.; 59 imm. 's FOWA - 13708; PISC - 21533 Sites - la, lb, 2, 4b, 5b, 5c, 6a, 6b; 2002-27 March; 9,16,23 April; 21 May; 24 June; 1 July; 25 Sept. 2003 - 20,20-30,30 May Habitat - litter in woods, gully, debris along bldings, litter on bank of Accokeek creek; Berlese, Winkler, pitfall traps
Schizocosa oreata (Hentz); 6 m. 's, 4 f. 's FOWA - 13709; PISC - 21534 Sites- lb, 6a, 6b; 2002-23 April; 20,30,21 May; 12 Aug. Habitat- litter in gully, debris along hidings; Berlese, pitfall traps
Schizocosa sp.; 17 imm.' s FOWA- 13710; PISC-21535 Sites - la, lb, 3a, 6b, 7b 2002-27 March; 2,9 April; 12,25 Sept. 2003-5Nov. Habitat- litter in woods, gully, hand collected in dead leaves; Berlese, Winkler 18
MIMETIDAE
Mimetus prob. notius Chamberlin; 2 imm. 's FOWA-13711; PISC-21536 Sites - 3a, 4b; 2002 - 21 May; 2003 - 8-20 May Habitat - litter in woods, sweeping herb. veg. in swampy woods; pitfall traps
Mimetus prob. puritanus Chamberlin; 1 imm. PISC-21537 Site - 4a; 2002 - 21 May Habitat - sweeping herb. veg. in woods
OXYOPIDAE
Oxyopes salticus Hentz; 2 f. 's, 7 imm. 's FOWA- 13712; PISC - 21538 Sites- le, 3b, 4a, 5a, 7a; 2002 -2,16 April; 24 June; 25 Sept. 2003-5Nov. Habitat - edge veg., veg. around Bunker B, along bank of Potomac river, meadow; Berlese, sweeping
PHILODROMIDAE
Philodromus imbecillus Keyserling; 1 m., 1 f FOWA-13713;PISC-21539 Sites- 3c, 5a; 2002-24 June; 2003 - 12 June Habitat - sweeping meadow, edge veg.
Philodromus marxi Keyserling; 1 m. FOWA-13714 Site- 3c; 2003 - 12 June Habitat - sweeping edge veg.
Philodromus minutus Banks; 1 m., 1 f FOWA-13715 Sites - 2d, 3c; 2003 - 12, 26 June Habitat - sweeping edge veg.
Philodromus placidus Banks; 1 m. FOWA-13716 Site-3c; 2003-12 June Habitat - sweeping edge veg. 19
Philodromus rufus Walckenaer; 1 m., 1 f FOWA-13717 Site- la; 2002-23 April Habitat - sweeping herb. veg. in woods
Philodromus sp.; 57 imm.'s FOWA- 13718; PISC-212540 Sites- la, le, 2d, 3a, 3b, 3c, 4a, 5b, 5c, 6b, 7a 2002 - 27 March; 2,9,16,23 April; 1 July; 12,25 Sept. 2003 - 20 May; 12,26 June; 5 Nov. Habitat- litter in woods, gully, open areas, meadow, edge veg. around Bunker B, beach of Potomac River; Winkler, sweeping
PHOLCIDAE
Pholcus phalangioides (Fuesslin); 5 m.'s, 12 f. 's, 9 imm.'s FOWA-13719; PISC-21541 Sites - 1c, 6a; 2002 - 2 April; 21 May; summer/fall 2002 Habitat - walls of museum bl ding and in Bunker B
PISAURIDAE
Dolomedes prob. scriptus Hentz; 4 imm. 's FOWA-13720;PISC-21542 Sites - 3a, 4a, 5b; 2002 - 2 April; 1 July; 23 Aug. Habitat- ferns in gully, meadow, along Accokeek Creek boardwalk; sweeping
Dolomedes vittatus Walckenaer; 1 f. PISC-21543 Site - 6a; summer 2002 Habitat - hand collected on veg.
Dolomedes sp.; 9 imm.'s FOWA-13721 Sites- la, lb, le; 2002- 12,25 Sept. Habitat - open areas, woods, gully, around Bunker B; sweeping 20
Pisaurina mira (Walckenaer); 7 imm. 's FOWA-13722; PISC-21544 Sites - la, le, 3c, 4a; 2002 - 21 May; 12,25 Sept. 2003 - 12 June Habitat- open area, woods, edge veg., around Bunker B; sweeping
SALTICIDAE
Eris marginatus (Walckenaer); 7 m.'s, 2 f's, 3 imm.'s FOWA-13723;PISC-21545 Sites - la, le, 4a, 6b, 7a; 2002- 9,16 April; 12,25 Sept. 2003-5Nov. Habitat - sweeping in open areas, woods, along beach of Potomac River, veg. around Bunker B, dead leaves in gully
Eris pineus Kaston; 1 m. PISC-21546 Site - 7a; 2003 - 5 Nov. Habitat - sweeping veg. along Potomac River
Habrocestum pulex (Hentz); 3 m. 's, 5 f's 2 imm. 's FOWA-13724; PISC-21547 Sites - 3a, 5c, 6b; 2002 - 2,9 April; 1 July 2003 - 20,30 May Habitat - litter in woods, gully; Berlese, Winkler, pitfall traps
Hentzia mitrata (Hentz); 1 m. FOWA-13725 Site - 1a; 2002 - 23 April Habitat - sweeping herb. veg. in woods
Marpissa lineata (C.L. Koch); 1 m., 2 f's, 8 imm.'s FOWA-13726; PISC-21548 Sites - la, 4a, 4b, 6b; 2002 - 27 March; 9,16 April; 12 Sept. 2003-20May Habitat - litter in woods, gully; Berlese, Winkler
Metacybra undata (De Geer); 1 m. PISC-21549 Site 6a; summer/fall 2002 Habitat - grounds of National Colonial Farm 21
Metaphidippus canadensis (Banks); 1 f. PISC-21550 Site - 4a; 2002 - 21 May Habitat - beach debris along Potomac River; Berlese
Metaphidippus protervus (Walckenaer); 12 m. 's, 1 f., 1 imm. FOWA-13727; PISC-21551 Sites - la, le, 2d, 4b, 6b; 2002- 9,16,23 April; 21 May; 25 Sept. 2003 - 26 June Habitat - sweeping herb. veg. in dry & swampy woods, around Bunker B, edge of parking lot, dead leaves in gully
Peckhamia picata (Hentz); 1 f., 6 imm. 's FOWA-13728; PISC-21552 Sites - la, le, 4a; 2002 - 16 April; 21 May; 12,25 Sept. Habitat - sweeping open areas, woods, around Bunker B, along shore of Potomac River
Phidippus audax (Hentz); 1 imm. Fowa-13729 Site la; 2002 - 12 Sept. Habitat - sweeping veg. in open areas
Phidippus princeps (Peckham); 1 f. FOWA- 13730; PISC-21553 Sites- 3c, 4a; 2002-21 May; 2003 - 12 June Habitat - sweeping edge veg. and wheat field
Phidippus whitmanii Peckham; 1 f.. FOWA-13731 Site - 3 (northwestern comer of park); 2002 - 15 May Habitat - leaf litter in dry woods
Synemosyna formica Hentz; 2 f. 's, 1 imm. FOWA-13732; PISC-21554 Sites-2d, 4b; 2002-16 April; 2003 -26 June Habitat - sweeping trees at edge of parking lot, herb. veg. in swampy woods
Thiodina sp. A; 1 m. FOWA-13733 Site - 3c; 2003 - 12 June- sweeping edge veg. Habitat - sweeping edge veg. 22
Thiodina sp. B; 2 m. 's, 1 f., 7 imm. 's FOWA 13734;PISC-21555 . Sites - la, 4a, 4b, 5a; 2002 - 16 April; 21 May; 24 June; 12 Sept. Habitat - sweeping open areas, woods, meadow, along shore of Potomac River
Zygoballus rufipes Peckham & Peckham; 2 m. 's FOWA-13735 Sites- le, 2d; 2002-25 Sept.,2003 -26 June Habitat - sweeping veg. around Bunker B, herb. veg. at edge of parking lot
SEGESTRIIDAE
Ariadna bicolor (Hentz); 1 f., 7 imm.s' FOWA - 13736; PISC - 21556 Sites - la, 2a, 3a, 3c, 4a, 5b, 5c, 6b 2002-27 March; 9,16 April; 1 July 2003 - 8-20,30 May; 12,26 June Habitat-litter in woods, gully, along banks of Accokeek Creek & Potomac River; Berlese, Winkler, pitfall traps, sweepmg
TETRAGNATHIDAE
Leucauge venusta (Walckenaer); 3 m. 's, 1 f. PISC-21557 Sites - 4a, 4b; 2002 - 21 May Habitat - sweeping veg. in woods
Leucauge sp.; 1 f. PISC-21558 Site - 4a; 2002 - 23 Aug. Habitat - wet meadow east of Mockley Point
Tetragnatha prob. laboriosa Hentz; 1 m., 3 f. 's, 8 imm.'s FOWA-13737;PISC-21559 Sites - la, 3b, 4a, 5a, 5b, 6b, 7a 2002 - 2,9,16,23 April; 21 May; 24 June; 1 July 2003 - 20 May; 5 Nov. Habitat - sweeping in woods, meadow, edge veg. along Potomac River 23
Tetragnatha versicolor Walckenaer; 4 f's; 6 imm. 's PISC-21560 Sites -4b, 6b, 7a; 2002 - 9 April; 21 May; 2003 - 5 Nov. Habitat- meadow, herb. veg. in swampy woods, veg. along shore of Potomac River; sweeping
Tetragnatha sp.; 16 imm.'s PISC-21561 Sites- la, 4a, 5a, 7a; 2002-16 April; 21 May; 24 June; 12 Sept. 2003-5Nov. Habitat- woods, meadow, open areas, shore of Potomac River; sweeping
THERIDIIDAE
Achaearanea tepidariorum (C.L. Koch); 2 m.'s; 4 f. 's; 7 imm.'s PISC-21562 Site 6a; 2002 - 21 May; summer/fall Habitat - on webs in museum biding
Achaearanea sp.; 3 imm. 's PISC-21563 Site - 6a; 2002 - 21 May Habitat - on webs in museum biding
Argrodes sp.; 1 m.; 1 f. FOWA-13739; PISC-21564 Sites-2d, 6b; 2002-21 Aug.; 2003 -26 June Habitat - sweeping trees at edge of parking lot, edge of Calamus swamp drainage
Crustulina altera Gertsch & Archer; 1 m. FOWA-13740 Site - 2c; 2003 - 26 June Habitat - litter in woods; Berlese
Crustulina sp.; 1 imm. FOWA-13741 Site - la; 2002 - 12 Sept. Habitat - litter in woods; Berlese
Euryopis funebris (Hentz); 2 imm. 's FOWA-13742; PISC-21565 Sites - 3a, 5b; 2002 - 2 April; 1 July Habitat- litter in gully, veg. along trail; Berlese, sweeping 24
Latrodectus mactans (Fabricius ); I f. PISC-21566 Site - 6a; 2002 - summer/fall Habitat - National Colonial Farm grds.
Steatoda americana (Emerton); I f PISC-21567 Site - 6b; 2003 - 30 May Habitat - litter in gully; Winkler
Steatoda triangulosa (Walckenaer); If PISC-21568 Site - 6a; 2002 - summer/fall Habitat - National Colonial Farm grds.
Theridion glaucescens Becker; Im., If. FOWA-13743;PISC-21569 Sites-2d, 4a; 2002-21 May; 2003 -26 June Habitat - trees at edge of parking lot, wheat field; sweeping
Theridion sp.; 11 imm. 's PISC-21570 Site - 4a; 2002 - 16 April Habitat - dead leaves in woods
Theridula sp.; I f., 2 imm.'s PISC-21571 Site - 6b; 2003 - 20 May Habitat - sweeping veg. along trail
THOMISIDAE
Misumena sp.; 5 imm.'s FOWA-13744;PISC-21572 Sites - la, 4a; 2002 - 21 May; 12 Sept. Habitat - sweeping open areas, woods
Misumenoidesformosipes (Walckenaer); If.; 3 imm.'s FOWA-13745; PISC-21573 Sites la, 4b; 2002 - 21 May; 12 Sept. Habitat - sweeping veg. in open areas, woods 25
Misumenops sp.; 6 imm. 's FOWA-13746; PISC-21574 Sites- la, 5a; 2002- 1 July; 12 Sept.; 2003 -20 May Habitat - sweeping open areas, woods, meadow, along trail
Ozyptila monroensis Keyserling; 7 m. 's; 8 f. 's PISC-21575 Sites - 6a, 6b; 2002 - 9 April; 21 May; 2003 - 20, 20-30 May Habitat- litter in gully, debris around biding; Berlese, Winkler pitfall traps
Ozyptila sp.; 90 imm. 's FOWA-13747; PISC-21576 Sites - la, lb, 2a, 3a, 3c, 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b 2002-27 March; 2,9,23 April; 21 May; 1 July; 12 Sept. 2003 - 8,20,30 May; 12,26 June Habitat-litter in woods, gully, meadow, along bank of Accokeek Creek and Potomac River; Berlese, Winkler, sweeping
Synaema parvulum (Hentz); 5 m. 's; 1 f.; 25 imm. 's FOWA-13748; PISC-21577 Sites- la, le, 2d, 3c, 4a, 6b; 2002 - 16 April; 12,25 Sept. 2003 - 20 May; 12,26 June Habitat - sweeping open areas, woods, edge of parking lot, around Bunker B, along shore of Potomac River
Xysticus elegans Keyserling; 1 m.; 1 f. FOWA-13749 Site - 3a; 2003 - 8-20 May Habitat - pitfall traps in woods
Xysticusferox (Hentz); 3 m.'s; 6 f.'s FOWA-13750; PISC-21578 Sites - 3c, 4a, 5b, 6a, 6b; 2002 - 11 April; 21 May 2003 - 8,20,20-30,30 May Habitat - litter in woods, dry stream bed, along bank of Accokeek Creek, trail at west end of boardwalk; Berlese, pitfall traps
Xysticusfraternus Banks; 5 m.'s; 4 f.'s FOWA-13751; PISC-21570 Sites - 3a, 3c, 4b, 6a, 6b; 2002- 2,9,16 April; 21 May 2003 - 8,20 May Habitat - litter in woods, gully, along biding; Berlese, Winkler 26
Xysticus funestus Keyserling; 1 imm. FOWA-13752 Site- la; 2002 - 12 Sept. Habitat - Sweeping open areas, woods
Xysticus sp.; 9 imm.'s FOWA - 13753; PISC - 21580 Sites - la, 3a, 5a, 6a, 6b, 7b 2002-27 March; 21 May; 24 June; 1 July; 12 Sept. 2003 - 8-20, 20-30 May; 5 Nov. Habitat - litter in woods, gully, meadow, debris along biding; Berlese, Winkler, pitfall traps, sweeping
ULOBORIDAE
Octonoba sinensis (Simon); 2 m. 's; 8 f's; 1 imm. PISC-21581 Site - 6a; 2002 - summer/fall Habitat - National Colonial Farm grds.
Octonoba sp.; 3 imm. 's FOWA-13754;PISC-21582 Sites - la, 6a; 2002- 23 April Habitat - National Colonial Farm grds, sweeping in woods
Uloborus prob. glomosus (Walckenaer); 3 imm. 's FOWA-13755 Site - 3a; 2002 - 2 April Habitat - sweeping ferns in gully 27
TABLE2
Table 2 lists the species found in only one or the other of the two Parks. About one half (59 species) of the total listed in Table 1 were found in both Parks.
FORT WASHINGTON
AGELENIDAE
Agelenopsis sp. Wadotes calcaratus (Keyserling)
ANYPHAENIDAE
Anyphaena fraterna (Banks)
ARANEIDAE
Araneus marmorous Clerck Eustala anastera (Walckenaer) Micrathena gracilis (Walckenaer) Neoscona domiciliorum(Hentz)
CLUBIONIDAE
Castianeira sp. Clubiona bishopi Edwards Trachelas tranquil/us (Hentz)
CTENIZIDAE
Ummidiasp.
DICTYNIDAE
Lathys immaculata Chamberlin & Ivie
DYSDERIDAE
Dysdera crocata C.L. Koch 28
GNAPHOSIDAE
Drassullus novus Banks Gnaphosa sp. Zelotes sp
LINYPHIIDAE
Ceraticelusfissiceps (O.P. Cambridge) Ceratinopsidis formosa (Banks) Frontinella communis (Hentz) Lepthyphantes nr. compicatus (Emerton) Lepthyphantes sabulosa (Keyserling) Neriene radiata (Walckenaer) Neriene variabilis (Banks)
PHILODROMIDAE
Philodromus marxi Keyserling Philodromus minutus Banks Philodromus placidus Banks Philodromus rufus Walckenaer
PISAURIDAE
Dolomedes sp.
SALTICIDAE
H entzia mitrata (Hentz) Phidippus audax (Hentz) Phidippus whitmanii Peckham Thiodina sp. A Zygoballus rufipes Peckham & Peckham
THERIDIIDAE
Crustulina altera Gertsch & Archer Crustulina sp.
THOMISIDAE
Xysticus elegans Keyserling Xysticus funestus Keyserling 29
ULOBORIDAE
Uloborus glomosus (Walckenaer)
PISCATAWAYPARK.(47 species)
AGELENIDAE
Cicurina brevis (Emerton) Tegenaria domesticus (Clerck) Tegenaria sp.
AMAUROBIIDAE
Amaurobius sp.
ANYPHAENIDAE
Wulfila alba (Hentz) Wulfila saltabunda (Hentz)
ARANEIDAE
Araneus pratensis (Emerton) Micrathena mitrata (Hentz) Neoscona hentzii (Keyserling) Verrucosa arenata (Walckenaer)
CLUBIONIDAE
Castianeira longipalpa (Hentz) Clubiona catawba Gertsch Scotinella divinula (Gertsch) Scotinella madisonia Levi Trachelas sp.
GNAPHOSIDAE
Cesonia bilineata (Hentz) Drassyllus dixinus Chamberlin Drassyllus eremitus Chamberlin 30
LINYPIDIDAE
Agyneta sp. Ceratinopsis interpres (O.P.Chamberlin) Eridantes erigonoides (Emerton) Erigone autumnal is Emerton
LYCOSIDAE
Allocosa funerea (Hentz) Allocosa sp. Hognafrondicola (Emerton) Hogna helluo (Walckenaer) Hogna rabida (Walckenaer) Pardosa atlantica Emerton Pirata aspirans Chamberlin Pirata montanus Emerton
MIMETIDAE
Mimetus puritanus Chamberlin
PISAURIDAE
Dolomedes vittatus Walckenaer
SALTICIDAE
Eris pineus Kaston Metacybra undata (De Geer) Metaphidippus canadensis (Banks)
TETRAGNATHIDAE
Leucauge venusta (Walckenaer) Leucauge sp. Tetragnatha versicolor Walckenaer 31
THERIDIIDAE
Achaearanea tepidariorum (C.L. Koch) Achaearanea sp. Latrodectus mactans (Fabricius) Steatoda americana (Emerton) Steatoda triangulosa (Walckenaer) Theridion sp. Theridula sp.
THOMISIDAE
Ozyptila monroensis Keyserling
ULOBORIDAE
Octonoba sinensis (Simon)
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Thanks are due to Brent W. Steury of the National Park Service, members of the Smithsonian Institution's Small Mammal Team, and personnel of the National Colonial Farm for spiders they collected. Special thanks are due to Jeremy Miller of the Smithsonian (NMNH) for the identification of species in the families Linyphiidae and Theridiidae. 32
REFERENCES
Kaston, B. J. 1948. The Spiders of Connecticut. State Geol. and Nat. Hist. Survey Bull. No. 70: 1- 874. Updated edition 1981: 1- 1020. (Has keys for many species occurring in Maryland).
Levi, H. W. 1973. Small Orb-Weavers of the Genus Araneus North of Mexico (Araneae: Araneidae). Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 145 (9): 473 - 552.
Muma, M. H. 1945. An Annotated List of the Spiders of Maryland. Univ. of MD. Agr. Exp. Sta. Bull. A38. 65 pp.
Roth, V. D. 1993. Spider Genera of North America With Keys to Families and Genera, and a Guide to Literature. Publ. by author and available through the American Arachnological Society. (Has references to literature for species identifications.).