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DAISY in EXILE to LYNDSAY Daisy inExile The Diary of an Australian Schoolgirl in France 1887-1889 INTRODUCED AND ANNOTATED BY Marc Serge Riviere DAISY IN EXILE To LYNDSAY 'To travel hopefully is a better thing than to arrive, and the true success is to labour' ROBERT LOUIS STEVENSON, Virginibus Puerisque, 1881,'El Dorado' Daisy in Exile The Diary of an Australian Schoolgirl in France 1887-1889 INTRODUCED AND ANNOTATED BY Marc Serge Riviere NATIONAL LIBRARY OF AUSTRALIA CANBERRA 2003 ©National Library of Australia and Marc Serge Riviere 2003 National Library of Australia Cataloguing-in-Publication entry White, Daisy, 1871-1903 Daisy in exile: the diary of an Australian schoolgirl in France 1877—1879. ISBN 0 642 19764 5. 1. White, Daisy, 1871-1903—Diaries. 2. Australian students- France—Fontainebleau—Diaries. I. Riviere, Marc, 1947-. II. National Library of Australia. III.Title. 373.18092 Publisher's editor: Leora Kirwan Designer: Designers Wakefield Bevanda Printer: BPA Print Group Pty Ltd Every reasonable endeavour has been made to contact any possible copyright holders. Where this has brought no results, copyright holders are invited to contact the publisher. TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGMENTS vi FOREWORD by Judy White viii INTRODUCTION: Between two cultures 1 From the Antipodes to France with (no) love: Cultural displacement 1 Australia: Familiar allies and strange new foes at home 7 France: Les Ruches (The Beehives)—the school near the forest 29 EDITORIAL NOTES 39 THE DIARY 41 1887: 11 September to 31 December 42 1888: 1 January to 28 December 79 1889: 1 January to 1 August 146 EPILOGUE: The diary as a trusted confidant 176 APPENDIX TO INTRODUCTION: 182 The Fontainebleau district and Les Ruches, by Bernard Pamart WHITE FAMILY TREES 185 V ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to express my deepest gratitude to the following persons and organisations; without them, the project would not have come to fruition. I benefited from a Visiting Fellowship at the Humanities Research Centre, Australian National University, from July to September 2001, and it was during this time that I was fortunate enough to come across the precious diary of Margaret (Daisy) White at the National Library of Australia. The existence of the diary was drawn to my attention by Valerie Helson of the Manuscript Section; to her and to Kay Nicholls of this section I shall always be indebted for the opportunity to explore the writings of this talented Australian teenager. Without the generosity and encouragement of Dr Judy White of 'Belltrees' and without the inspiration of her books and the wealth of family papers that she put at my disposal, I would never have felt confident enough to write about the Whites of the Hunter Valley. I am also greatly indebted to Mrs Jay White of 'Havilah' near Mudgee, New South Wales, for putting at my disposal the precious portraits of Daisy and other members of the White family included in this publication. David and Primrose Arnott were most warm in their welcome when I visited their property at 'Glenalvon' at short notice in December 2001; subsequently, they graciously sent me photographs of 'Glenalvon' in the 1870s. A number of other people were of great assistance to me as I embarked on my research in Australia and in France. I owe a debt of gratitude to Ms Joy Hughes of the Hyde Park Barracks Museum for alerting me to the publication on John Horbury Hunt by Peter Reynolds, Lesley Muir and herself, and for giving me a preview of the pages that pertained to 'Havilah'; M. Bernard Pamart, local historian and former mayor of Avon, for contributing a short history of the area (presented in an Appendix to the Introduction), and for taking me on a tour of Avon to view the relevant buildings, including the school itself, which still stands on the Avenue Franklin Roosevelt; Sister Margaret McKay, RSCJ, Archivist of the Kincoppal-Rose Bay School, New South Wales, for information relating to the tragic figure of Hal Owena White and for the photographs that she and Mark Stubley very kindly took of Daisy's grave at Waverley Cemetery; Angela Peirce, Executive Secretary of the Holbrook Shire Council, for information on the history of Germanton, near Holbrook; Mrs Elizabeth Ross, widow of the late John vi Nigel Ross, a descendant of Emily and John Ross of 'Kinross', Germanton, for details about Emily, nee White; John Hardacre, Curator of Winchester Cathedral, England, for details on the death of Helena Henrietta Waddell, nee White. To the researcher in the Humanities, libraries and archives are what laboratories are to the scientist—sources of invaluable data. I would like to acknowledge here the generosity and kindness of the following librarians and archivists: Natasha Trpezanovski, Archives Officer of the University of New England Heritage Centre, who expeditiously copied the White papers kept at the UNE and Regional Archives; Mrs V. Russell, Information Assistant of the Hampshire Local Studies Collection in the county library; Mrs King and the staff of the Bibliotheque Municipale de Fontainebleau who assisted me in locating material relating to Les Ruches and Avon and first put me in touch with M. Pamart; the staff of the Mitchell Library (State Library of New South Wales), in particular Mr Arthur Easton; the Service Photographique des Archives Departementales et du Patrimoine de Seine-et-Marne, Dammarie- les-Lys; Maura O'Connor of the Map Section and the staff of the Pictures Section of the National Library of Australia; Pattie Punch and the staff of the Documents Delivery Service of the University of Limerick Library, and the staff of the Australian National University. A number of friends came to my rescue when I most needed their assistance; I am indebted to: Eoin Stephenson of the Information Technology Department at the University of Limerick for preparing, as ever with great expertise, the illustrations that adorn this book; Mr Brendan Bolger, also of ITD, University of Limerick, who made available to me postcards of Paris in the 1880s; Jenny O'Connor, my research assistant, who selflessly checked British periodicals of the 1880s for Australians in Europe; Rebecca Breen for typing and proofreading the manuscript with such care; my daughter, Janine Riviere, who undertook to seek and find rare documents and books for me in Australia, and my other daughter, Natalie Riviere, for her moral support and cheerfulness in times of crisis. Above all, my project would not have been completed, were it not for the unfailing patience and steadfastness of my wife, Lyndsay. Sincere thanks are due to the publishers, J. Cape, for permission to quote from Patrick White's autobiography Flaws in the Glass (1981) on pages 23 and 25. Finally, my special thanks must go to Dr Paul Hetherington and the Publications Committee of the National Library of Australia for agreeing to publish this edition of Daisy White's diary, to Leora Kirwan for her meticulous editing and preparation of the manuscript for publication and to Anne Wakefield who designed the book. —'And say my glory was I had such friends'—W.B.Yeats vii FOREWORD The discovery of Daisy's White's diary has unearthed, for me, another facet of White family history. I am extremely grateful to Serge Riviere, a French professor living in Ireland, who became interested in the diary of a 16-year -old Australian girl sent to school in Fontainebleau, near Paris, between 1887 and 1889. The discovery of Daisy's diary and the ensuing research undertaken by Professor Riviere has made me become increasingly interested in the life of Daisy's father, Henry Charles White, who, in the 1860s and 1870s, managed the rural estate 'Belltrees', where I live, in the Upper Hunter Valley of New South Wales. In 1842 Henry Charles' father, James, died and responsibility for his wife and numerous children fell on the shoulders of his eldest son, also James. Although only 14 years old at the time, James White Jr coped well and managed to expand the White family pastoral enterprise. Historically, the significant achievements of James White have tended to overshadow the roles of his younger brothers. Like James, Henry Charles White (1837—1905) also inherited a sound knowledge of selecting good pastoral land and of breeding quality stud stock. He was the first to import Rambouillet sheep into Australia and continued breeding the 'Havilah' stud sheep started by Nicholas Paget Bayly. H.C. had a fine herd of Shorthorn cattle at 'Woodlands' as early as 1870 and in 1874 he imported 11 of the best Devon heifers from England. In 1884 he brought in a fine Angus bull from New Zealand, as well as selecting and breeding successful thoroughbred racehorses. On 18 April 1875, Daisy's mother, Isabella, died suddenly after the birth of her sixth child. Two weeks later, on 4 May 1875, H.C.White lost his elder brother, Francis, who died of pneumonia. In only a short period of time Henry Charles was left with an extended family and added financial responsibilities. Under these adverse circumstances it is understandable that, whilst on holiday in Tasmania in 1877, he married again. He was 40, and his young bride, Mary Helen Macmillan—a milliner—was aged 20 years. The bride brought her sisters to live with her at 'Havilah' in New South Wales and viii Sidney William Jackson Belltrees House and Garden, 1912 National Library of Australia, S.W.Jackson Collection subsequently bore Henry Charles five children. Daisy and the other children by H.C.'s first marriage became unsettled in their new home life and so Daisy and her younger sister, Helena, were sent to school in France. Since marrying into the White family, it has been my interest to research and create the archives.
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