Pioneering Merit Badge
Version 4 August 2020 Version 27 Apr 2019 Index
1. Merit Badge Requirements 8. Navigation 2. Merit Badge Intro 9. Leave No Trace 3. Hazards 10.Preparation 4. First Aid 11.Getting Out There 5. Gear 12.Final Thoughts 6. Water 13.Resources 7. Food 14.Instructor’s Corner
Version 27 Apr 2019 3 Copyright Notice
This presentation is protected by US and International copyright laws. Reproduction and distribution of this presentation without written permission of the sponsor is prohibited.
© 2021 4 Copyright Notice Do NOT post or upload copies of this presentation on the WEB! 5 Terms and Conditions of Use
This slide set was designed to aid Merit Badge Counselors to deliver a Merit Badge course and to aid Scouts in completion of a Merit Badge.
Scouts, Merit Badge Counselors and other Scouters are free us use this material for teaching and learning Merit Badge requirements. Use of material in other scout related classes is also acceptable.
You may modify (add, delete, change) the slides for your own personalized use.
Do not post original or modified versions of these slides on the internet.
Questions? Contact the owner. Merit Badge Requirements
Version 27 Apr 2019 8 Requirements Requirements • Merit Badge requirements are taken from: 2019 Scouts BSA™ Requirements Book 9 Requirements Requirements 1. Do the following: a. Explain to your counselor the most likely hazards you might encounter while participating in pioneering activities and what you should do to anticipate, help prevent, mitigate, and respond to these hazards. b. Discuss the prevention of, and first aid treatment for, injuries and conditions that could occur while working on pioneering projects, including rope splinters, rope burns, cuts, scratches, insect bites and stings, hypothermia, dehydration, heat exhaustion, heatstroke, sunburn, and falls.
2. Do the following: a. Demonstrate the basic and West Country methods of whipping a rope. Fuse the ends of a rope. b. Demonstrate how to tie the following knots: clove hitch, butterfly knot, roundturn with two half hitches, rolling hitch, water knot, carrick bend, sheepshank, and sheet bend. c. Demonstrate and explain when to use the following lashings: square, diagonal, round, shear, tripod, and floor lashing.
3. Explain why it is useful to be able to throw a rope, then demonstrate how to coil and throw a 40-foot length of 1/4- or 3/8-inch rope. Explain how to improve your throwing distance by adding weight to the end of your rope. 10 Requirements Requirements 4. Explain the differences between synthetic ropes and natural-fiber ropes. Discuss which types of rope are suitable for pioneering work and why. Include the following in your discussion: breaking strength, safe working loads, and the care and storage of rope.
5. Explain the uses for the back splice, eye splice, and short splice. Using 1/4- or 3/8-inch three-stranded rope, demonstrate how to form each splice.
6. Using a rope-making device or machine, make a rope at least 6 feet long consisting of three strands, each having three yarns. Whip the ends.
7. Explain the importance of effectively anchoring a pioneering project. Describe to your counselor the 1-1-1 anchoring system and the log-and-stake anchoring methods. 11 Requirements Requirements 8. With the approval of your counselor, demonstrate and use a rope tackle. Be sure the rope tackle is secured properly. Explain the advantages and limitations of using a rope tackle. Describe the potential damage that friction can do to a rope.
All pioneering projects constructed for this merit badge must comply with height standards as outlined in the Guide to Safe Scouting.
9. By yourself, build a trestle using square and diagonal lashings. Explain why trestles are used when constructing pioneering projects. 12 Requirements Requirements 10. With the approval of your counselor and using appropriate lashings and pioneering techniques, build and use one full-size pioneering project from either group A or group B. Your project must comply with the requirements of the Guide to Safe Scouting. (Requirement 10 may be done at summer camp, at district or council events, or on a troop camp outing.) a. Tower OR bridge Anchor your project as appropriate and necessary. Explain how your anchoring system works. Group A projects may be worked on in a group and with others. b. Camp chair OR camp table Group B projects must be worked on individually. Merit Badge Intro
Version 27 Apr 2019 14 Merit Badge Intro Instructor Introduction 15 Merit Badge Intro Needed for Course • Merit Badge Blue Card filled out and signed by your Scoutmaster o or other virtual agreement
• Merit Badge Pamphlet
• Scout Uniform
• A positive Scouting focus and attitude 16 Merit Badge Intro Virtual Meetings • Use your REAL Name and Troop Number if you want credit This is how we take attendance
• MUTE yourself unless speaking to the group
• Please turn your video on so we can see you
• No Chat SPAMMING
• If you need to go pee, go
• If something isn’t working, please let us know! 17 Merit Badge Intro Virtual Meetings • We can’t do ALL the requirements virtually
• Option 1 – Partial Completion
• Option 2 – Completion – need proof
• Please send completed homework AFTER the final class
• Tell us who we should CC about completion 18 Merit Badge Intro Course Overview • We will cover most of the requirements for this Merit Badge in class • We need proof that you completed these requirements o Please turn in a completed Workbook if possible This makes is easier on the counselor o If you can’t complete a Workbook, please contact your councilor for alternatives 19 Merit Badge Intro What is Pioneering?
Pioneering is the knowledge and skill of how to use simple materials to build structures for a wide range of Scouting activities
It is a big part of bushcraft and has been a core of skill in scouting
It can also be a huge amount of FUN! 20 Merit Badge Intro What is Pioneering?
“Pioneering is practical and character building: the two essential ingredients of any program material for Scouts.” (Lord Baden-Powell) 21 Merit Badge Intro What is Pioneering?
“Pioneering develops initiative and resourcefulness. Additionally it gives practice in team work and discipline.” (Lord Baden-Powell) 22 Merit Badge Intro What is Pioneering?
The hope is that you will learn these skills and share them with your units
Show others how much FUN pioneering can be! Hazards
Version 27 Apr 2019 24 Hazards Requirement 1a – Hazards Explain to your counselor the most likely hazards you might encounter while participating in pioneering activities and what you should do to anticipate, help prevent, mitigate, and respond to these hazards. 25 Hazards Hazards • Environmental • Injuries • Flora • Fauna • Pioneering Specific 39 Hazards Hazards – Pioneering • Building a scale model of a pioneering project involves few risks
• Constructing full-sized towers and bridges carries some risk o Falls o Falling objects o Crush injuries o Traction injuries 40 Hazards Hazards – Pioneering Safety Guidelines • Wear gloves to protect your hands
• Do pioneering work only when it is nice outside o Wet conditions make ropes and spars slippery 41 Hazards Hazards – Pioneering Safety Guidelines • Improperly sized or damaged rope can break, resulting in injury
• Use appropriate ropes and materials o Good condition o Properly sized for task
• Coil and store ropes when they are not in use 42 Hazards Hazards – Pioneering Safety Guidelines • Improper lifting and pulling can result in injury
• Practice good body mechanics when lifting and hauling o Lift no more weight than you can handle safely
• Avoid wrapping rope around arm/waist when dragging or lifting a load 43 Hazards Hazards – Pioneering Safety Guidelines • Tripping over or getting tangled in rope is dangerous
• Use flagging tape to mark o Anchor lines o Ropes stretched between trees o Hanging loops of rope o Cords or ropes that could trip or entangle someone 44 Hazards Hazards – Pioneering Safety Guidelines • A tensioned rope may snap back if it breaks, a knot comes loose, or an anchor gives way
• Stand clear of any weight suspended by a rope
• Stay off to the side of a rope that is tensioned (under strain from a load). First Aid
Version 27 Apr 2019 46 First Aid Requirement 1b – First Aid Discuss the prevention of, and first aid treatment for, injuries and conditions that could occur while working on pioneering projects, including: Rope splinters Dehydration Rope burns Heat exhaustion Cuts Heatstroke Scratches Sunburn Insect bites and stings Falls Hypothermia 47 Minor Wounds and Injuries Simple Cuts and Scrapes (Abrasions) • Cut – outer layers of skin is torn or lacerated o May bleed a lot o Risk of infection o Commonly associated with scout knife
Image Source: U.S. Army Medical Department Center and School Fort Sam Houston, TX 78234-6100 Wound Care Subcourse MD0576 2019 First-Aid Merit Badge Pamphlet Page 34-35 48 Minor Wounds and Injuries Simple Cuts and Scrapes (Abrasions) • Abrasion – outer layers of skin rubbed or scraped off o Such as ▪ Rope Burn ▪ Bicyclist falls on pavement o Risk of infection
Image Source: U.S. Army Medical Department Center and School Fort Sam Houston, TX 78234-6100 Wound Care Subcourse MD0576 2019 First-Aid Merit Badge Pamphlet Page 34-35 49 Minor Wounds and Injuries Simple Cuts and Scrapes (Abrasions) • Prevention (cuts and abrasions) o Dress appropriately for activity o Jeans, boots, gloves, long sleeved shirts o Knife safety
Image Source: U.S. Army Medical Department Center and School Fort Sam Houston, TX 78234-6100 Wound Care Subcourse MD0576 2019 First-Aid Merit Badge Pamphlet Page 36 50 Minor Wounds and Injuries Simple Cuts and Scrapes (Abrasions) • First-Aid (cuts and abrasions) o Flush with water for at least 5 minutes o Scrub gently if needed o Apply antibiotic ointment o Cover with dry, sterile dressing or adhesive bandage
Image Source: U.S. Army Medical Department Center and School Fort Sam Houston, TX 78234-6100 Wound Care Subcourse MD0576 2019 First-Aid Merit Badge Pamphlet Page 36 51 Minor Wounds and Injuries Rope Splinters • Splinter – Fiber embedded in/under skin o Hurts o Risk of infection
Image Source: U.S. Army Medical Department Center and School Fort Sam Houston, TX 78234-6100 Wound Care Subcourse MD0576 2019 First-Aid Merit Badge Pamphlet Page 34-35 52 Minor Wounds and Injuries Rope Splinters • Prevention o Wear Gloves
Image Source: U.S. Army Medical Department Center and School Fort Sam Houston, TX 78234-6100 Wound Care Subcourse MD0576 2019 First-Aid Merit Badge Pamphlet Page 34-35 53 Minor Wounds and Injuries Rope Splinters • Treatment – Remove Fiber o Use Tweezers or Duct Tape o Wash area with soap and water
Image Source: U.S. Army Medical Department Center and School Fort Sam Houston, TX 78234-6100 Wound Care Subcourse MD0576 Requirement 12, 1 (2nd-6; T-4a and T-4b) 2019 First-Aid Merit Badge Pamphlet Page 34-35 54 Cold Weather Injuries
Body Temperature 102°F • The human body operates best around 98.6°F 101°F Heat Stroke 100°F • If body loses heat faster than it can generate it, 99°F it will fail to function 98°F a • If body overheats and is unable to cool itself, Hypothermia 97°F it will fail to function 96°F
95°F
94°F
2019 First-Aid Merit Badge Pamphlet Page 51-55 55 Cold Weather Injuries
Hypothermia 102°F • Occurs when body loses heat faster than it can generate it 101°F
100°F • Danger if inadequately dressed for cold environment 99°F
98°F a Hypothermia 97°F 96°F
95°F
94°F
2019 First-Aid Merit Badge Pamphlet Page 51 56 Cold Weather Injuries
Hypothermia 102°F • Danger compounded by: 101°F
o Rain 100°F o Wind 99°F o Hunger o Exhaustion 98°F a o Dehydration Hypothermia 97°F 96°F • Being wet and cold is a dangerous combination 95°F
94°F
2019 First-Aid Merit Badge Pamphlet Page 51 57 Cold Weather Injuries Hypothermia – Symptoms • Numbness • Fatigue • Irritability • Slurred speech • Uncontrollable shivering • Poor judgement or decision making
2019 First-Aid Merit Badge Pamphlet Page 51 58 Cold Weather Injuries Hypothermia – First-Aid • Get the victim’s body warm again! o Move to building or tent ▪ Remove wet clothing ▪ Dry off ▪ Warm dry clothes and/or blankets o Warm, sweet liquids if conscious o Warm water in water bottles, wrapped in towel and place in armpits o Observe
• NEVER Immerse in Warm/Hot Water – this can be lethal!
2019 First-Aid Merit Badge Pamphlet Page 51-52 59 Cold Weather Injuries Frostbite • Frostbite is when skin and tissues freeze and form ice crystals
• Exposed areas at high risk: o Ears o Nose o Cheeks o Fingers and hands o Toes and feet
2019 First-Aid Merit Badge Pamphlet Page 51-52 60 Cold Weather Injuries Frostbite • With continuous exposure, frostbite can freeze deeper tissue
• This causes significant damage and cuts off blood circulation o Can lead to: ▪ Tissue death ▪ Gangrene
2019 First-Aid Merit Badge Pamphlet Page 51-52 61 Cold Weather Injuries Frostbite – Symptoms • Victim may Feel: o Pain then numbness in effected body part o May not notice anything
2019 First-Aid Merit Badge Pamphlet Page 52 62 Cold Weather Injuries Frostbite – Symptoms • May See: o Grayish-white patches on skin o Blisters or dark skin suggest severe stages of frostbite
2019 First-Aid Merit Badge Pamphlet Page 52 63 Cold Weather Injuries Frostbite – First-Aid • Best treatment is to AVOID Getting It – it is generally preventable
• If you suspect frostbite: o Remove wet clothing o Wrap injured area in dry blanket o Get victim to medical care as soon as possible
2019 First-Aid Merit Badge Pamphlet Page 53 64 Cold Weather Injuries Frostbite – First-Aid o Rewarming is an option ▪ Do NOT rewarm if there is risk of refreeze! This is BAD! ▪ Place affected area in warm (100-105°F) water ▪ Allow affected area to regain color and warmth ▪ Dry off and bandage loosely with dry dressing between digits
2019 First-Aid Merit Badge Pamphlet Page 53 65 Cold Weather Injuries Dehydration • The body is made up of 70% water • Proper hydration is required for basic body functions • Dehydration increases the risk of both cold and heat injuries • Cold and heat both increase the risk of Dehydration
2019 First-Aid Merit Badge Pamphlet Page 53 66 Cold Weather Injuries Dehydration • Water is lost via: o Breathing o Sweating o Digestion o Urination
2019 First-Aid Merit Badge Pamphlet Page 53 67 Cold Weather Injuries Dehydration – Symptoms • Signals of Mild dehydration o Fatigue o Increased thirst o Dry lips o Dark yellow urine
2019 First-Aid Merit Badge Pamphlet Page 53 68 Cold Weather Injuries Dehydration – Symptoms • Signals of Moderate and Severe dehydration o Dry mouth with little saliva o Muscle cramps o Dry skin o Loss of appetite o Weakness o Decreased sweating o Dizziness o Decreased urine production o Confusion o Less frequent urine o Nausea o Dark brown urine o Fainting
2019 First-Aid Merit Badge Pamphlet Page 53 69 Cold Weather Injuries Dehydration – First-Aid • For Mild Dehydration: o Drink plenty of water or sports drinks ▪ Drink 1-2 quart/liters over 2-4 hours o Rest for 24 hours and continue to hydrate o Avoid excessive physical activity o May take 36 hours to replace lost fluids
2019 First-Aid Merit Badge Pamphlet Page 53 70 Cold Weather Injuries Dehydration – First-Aid • Moderate/Severe dehydration requires Emergency Care o Needs to be treated in hospital o Needs IV fluids
2019 First-Aid Merit Badge Pamphlet Page 53 71 Cold & Heat Conditions & Injuries Heat Exhaustion • Brought on by warm weather
• Often associated with dehydration or inadequate acclimation to heat
• Common during outdoor activities in hot environments
2019 First-Aid Merit Badge Pamphlet Page 53 72 Cold & Heat Conditions & Injuries Heat Exhaustion – Symptoms • Symptoms of Heat Exhaustion include: o Severe lack of energy o General weakness o Headache o Nausea o Faintness o Sweating o Cool, pale, moist skin o Rapid pulse
2019 First-Aid Merit Badge Pamphlet Page 53 73 Cold & Heat Conditions & Injuries Heat Exhaustion – First-Aid • First-Aid includes: o Get victim in Shade o Encourage to drink fluids o Apply cool, wet towels or cloths to the skin o Wet victim’s clothing with cool water and fan o Raising legs can help them feel better
• Victim should feel better in two or three hours o Take it easy the rest of the day
2019 First-Aid Merit Badge Pamphlet Page 54 74 Cold & Heat Conditions & Injuries
Heat Stroke 102°F • Body overheats to the point of being 101°F Heat Stroke life-threatening (105°F) 100°F
99°F • Body loses ability to cool itself 98°F a • May occur with over-exertion in hot weather 97°F 96°F • Also occurs with elderly in hot climates 95°F
94°F
2019 First-Aid Merit Badge Pamphlet Page 54 75 Cold & Heat Conditions & Injuries ? ? Heat Stroke - Symptoms ? • Symptoms include: o Hot sweaty (but sometimes dry) skin o Confusion o Disorientation o Rapid pulse o Shallow breathing o Vomiting o Seizures
2019 First-Aid Merit Badge Pamphlet Page 55 Irritability, Ataxia (balance problems), or 76 Confusion areHeat hallmark Injuries signs of Heat Stroke Heat Exhaustion Heat Stroke Faint or dizzy Throbbing Headache
Excessive Sweating No Sweating
Cool, pale, Red, hot >104° clammy skin dry skin
Nausea or vomiting Nausea or vomiting
Rapid, weak pulse Rapid, strong pulse
Muscle cramps May lose consciousness or have seizures 77 Cold & Heat Conditions & Injuries ? ? Heat Stroke – First-Aid ? • This is LIFE-THREATENING • Cool immediately! • Call 911! Do it NOW! • Cooling includes: o Immersion or spray of cold water o Ice packs wrapped in cloth in armpits and skin o Fanning o AC
2019 First-Aid Merit Badge Pamphlet Page 55 78 Heat Injuries Heat Stroke – First-Aid 79
Fast-food for lunch? 80 Bites and Stings Bites of Ticks • Tick bites are irritating and can transmit diseases
2019 First-Aid Merit Badge Pamphlet Page 74 81 Bites and Stings Bites of Ticks • Prevention o Wear pants and long-sleeved shirts in tick infested areas o Button up collar o Tuck pants in boots or socks
2019 First-Aid Merit Badge Pamphlet Page 74 82 Bites and Stings Bites of Ticks • First-Aid o Inspect self daily o Remove ticks as soon as you find them o Wash wound with soap and water o Seek medical care if you become sick or develop a rash after bite
2019 First-Aid Merit Badge Pamphlet Page 74 83 Bites and Stings Ticks – Removal – Tweezers • Use fine-tipped tweezers to grasp the tick close to the skin's surface • Don’t squeeze body • Pull upward with steady, even pressure • Don't twist or jerk the tick or the mouth-parts may break off
Tick Image: CDC cdc.gov/ticks/removing_a_tick 84
How about buffet for lunch? 85 Bites and Stings Bites or Stings of Insects & Things with > 4 Legs • Bites can itch and irritate • Some bug bites include venom which cause other problems
2019 First-Aid Merit Badge Pamphlet Page 74-75 90 Bites and Stings Bites or Stings of Insects & Things with > 4 Legs • First-Aid o Wash area with soap and water o Watch and treat for Anaphylaxis (discussed later) o Avoid scratching bite area o Seek medical attention if: o Become ill o Difficulty breathing o Severe pain and swelling
2019 First-Aid Merit Badge Pamphlet Page 74-75 91 Bites and Stings Bites or Stings of Insects - Bees • Bees leave a venom sac behind • Wasps and hornets can inject venom multiple times • All REALLY hurt!
2019 First-Aid Merit Badge Pamphlet Page X 93 Bites and Stings Bites or Stings of Insects - Bees • First-Aid o If stinger is left behind, brush off with flat-surfaced object o Wash area with soap and water o Watch and treat for Anaphylaxis (discussed later) o An ice pack is nice
2019 First-Aid Merit Badge Pamphlet Page X 94 Sun Burns Burns – Severity – 1st Degree Sunburn • Only affects the outer most layer of skin • Symptoms o Painful o Reddened skin
Image Source: U.S. Army Medical Department Center and School Fort Sam Houston, TX 78234-6100 Wound Care Subcourse MD0576 2019 First-Aid Merit Badge Pamphlet Page 56 95 Sun Burns Burns – Severity – 1st Degree Sunburn • First-Aid o Generally does not require medical treatment unless ▪ Covers more than 20% body surface
Image Source: U.S. Army Medical Department Center and School Fort Sam Houston, TX 78234-6100 Wound Care Subcourse MD0576 2019 First-Aid Merit Badge Pamphlet Page 56 96 Sun Burns Burns – Severity – 1st Degree Sunburn • First-Aid o Best Treatment ▪ Avoidance and prevention ▪ Cover exposed skin
Image Source: U.S. Army Medical Department Center and School Fort Sam Houston, TX 78234-6100 Wound Care Subcourse MD0576 2019 First-Aid Merit Badge Pamphlet Page 56 97 Falls Falls • Can result in Fractures and back or head injuries • These need to be evaluated in hospital
AAAH !
2019 First-Aid Merit Badge Pamphlet Page 41 98 Fractures Broken Bones (Fractures) – Splinting • It is best to allow medical providers to stabilize and transport someone with a broken bone to the hospital
• If trained medical staff is not available and the victim must be moved, you may need to splint the fracture
Don’t do this when moving a victim
2019 First-Aid Merit Badge Pamphlet Page 42 99 Fractures Broken Bones (Fractures) – Splinting • Goal of splinting is to reduce further damage by reducing movement o Pad well to reduce further injury o Immobilize the joint above and below the fracture
2019 First-Aid Merit Badge Pamphlet Page 42 Rope
Version 27 Apr 2019 101 Rope Requirement 2a – Whipping Rope Demonstrate the basic and West Country methods of whipping a rope.
Fuse the ends of a rope. 102 Rope Whipping – Basic Methods – Whipping and Fusing
www.youtube.com/watch?v=FUou5sJqi2Q 103 Rope Whipping – West Country Method
www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z8kH6EybMSw 104 Rope Requirement 2b – Knots Demonstrate how to tie the following knots: • Clove hitch • Butterfly knot • Roundturn with two half hitches • Rolling hitch • Water knot • Carrick bend • Sheepshank • Sheet bend 105 Rope Knots – Clove Hitch 106 Rope Knots – Clove Hitch
www.youtube.com/watch?v=NnD1Ge0HPpY 107 Rope Knots – Butterfly Hitch 108 Rope Knots – Butterfly Knot
www.youtube.com/watch?v=dpV19dQoAUo 109 Rope Knots – Roundturn with Two Half Hitches 110 Rope Knots – Roundturn with Two Half Hitches
www.youtube.com/watch?v=NERCeTzAMY0 111 Rope Knots – Rolling Hitch 112 Rope Knots – Rolling Hitch
www.youtube.com/watch?v=8ml134ncxWU 113 Rope Knots – Water Knot 114 Rope Knots – Water Knot
www.youtube.com/watch?v=q8y9-F-B9P0 115 Rope Knots – Carrick Bend 116 Rope Knots – Carrick Bend
www.youtube.com/watch?v=-y4BdECnbg4 117 Rope Knots – Sheepshank 118 Rope Knots – Sheepshank
www.youtube.com/watch?v=q5KWxqQ7JFU 119 Rope Knots – Sheet Bend 120 Rope Knots – Sheet Bend
www.youtube.com/watch?v=X7jv0Hd9F5A 121 Rope Requirement 2c – Lashings Demonstrate and explain when to use the following lashings: • Square • Diagonal • Round • Shear • Tripod • Floor lashing 122 Rope Lashings – Square Lashing
Twist up Finish with Wrap 3 free end Clove Hitch times
Wrap Frap Frap Clove Twice Hitch 123 Rope Lashings – Square Lashing
www.youtube.com/watch?v=KYZIaqoCHSQ 124 Rope Lashings – Diagonal Lashing
Twist up Finish with free end Wrap 3 Clove Hitch times
Wrap Wrap 3 Frap Clove times Twice Hitch 125 Rope Lashings – Diagonal Lashing
www.youtube.com/watch?v=XqT4pSpUQb4 126 Rope Lashings – Round Lashing
Clove Hitch 127 Rope Lashings – Round Lashing
www.youtube.com/watch?v=Pf4ZTMS0kp4 128 Rope Lashings – Sheer Lashing
Wrap around both spars 2 Fraps
Wrap AROUND spars
Clove Hitch 129 Rope Lashings – Shear Lashing
www.youtube.com/watch?v=iwZjTdw9il0 130 Rope Lashings – Tripod Lashing Weave Between spars 2 Fraps
WEAVE Between spars
Clove Hitch 131 Rope Lashings – Tripod Lashing
www.youtube.com/watch?v=6HJMGr1IqKo 132 Rope
Lashings – Floor Lashing Start on Inside of lower spar
Clove Hitch
Make Loop Hook Loop over end of upper spar
End With Repeat Clove Hitch 133 Rope Lashings – Floor Lashing
www.youtube.com/watch?v=GF9fYiKadjI 134 Rope Requirement 3 – Throwing Rope Explain why it is useful to be able to throw a rope, then demonstrate how to coil and throw a 40-foot length of 1/4- or 3/8-inch rope.
Explain how to improve your throwing distance by adding weight to the end of your rope. 135 Rope Throwing Rope – Coiling • Coiling the Rope is important to keep rope from tangling
• As you loop rope over non-throwing hand o Make each successive coil smaller than the coil before it o This helps with tangling Hold in Non- Throwing Hand
scoutpioneering.com/tag/throwing-a-rope pioneeringmeritbadge.org/coiling-and-throwing-rope 136 Rope Throwing Rope – Coiling • If needed, anchor end of rope
Anchor if needed
scoutpioneering.com/tag/throwing-a-rope pioneeringmeritbadge.org/coiling-and-throwing-rope 137 Rope Throwing Rope – Preparing to Throw the Rope • Take about 2/3rds of the coiled rope into your throwing hand • Release one loop from your non-throwing hand o This creates slack between hands • Hold nonthrowing hand out o Allows rope to peel off easily Hold in Non- Hold in Throwing Hand Throwing Hand
scoutpioneering.com/tag/throwing-a-rope pioneeringmeritbadge.org/coiling-and-throwing-rope 138 Rope Throwing Rope – Throwing • Swing Throwing arm in an arc a couple of times to get a feel of rope • Determine your release point and release rope • Released rope will pull rope from non-throwing hand
scoutpioneering.com/tag/throwing-a-rope pioneeringmeritbadge.org/coiling-and-throwing-rope 139 Rope Throwing Rope – Throwing • Weighting the end of rope will make it easier to throw • Place sand in sock or stuff sack and tie to end of rope
scoutpioneering.com/tag/throwing-a-rope pioneeringmeritbadge.org/coiling-and-throwing-rope 140 Rope Requirement 4 – Rope Materials Explain the differences between synthetic ropes and natural-fiber ropes. Discuss which types of rope are suitable for pioneering work and why.
Include the following in your discussion: • Breaking strength • Safe working loads • The care and storage of rope 141 Rope Rope Materials – Natural Fiber Rope • Natural o Manila o Sisal o Cotton o Coir 142 Rope Rope Materials – Synthetic Rope • Generally stronger than natural ropes • Rot resistant • Some are vulnerable to sunlight 143 Rope Rope Materials – Synthetic Rope • Polyester (usually braided) o UV resistant rope • Nylon (twisted or braided) o Stretches but recovers • Parachute cord (braided nylon 550lbs breaking strength) o Suitable for small projects • Polypropylene o Slippery and not suitable for knots • Polyethylene o Kinks and not suitable for pioneering projects • Kernmantle o Excellent climbing rope 144 Rope Rope Materials – Strength • The working load is usually less than 20% of breaking strength
Approximate Safe Approximate Breaking 3/8” Rope Working Load in Pounds* Strength in Pounds* Manila 122 1,220 Sisal 108 1,080 Cotton 90 900 Coir 65 337 Polyester 334 3,340 Nylon 278 3,340 Polypropylene 340 2,440 Polyethylene 410 3,725 *For more accurate load and strength ratings – see manufacture’s specs 145 Rope Requirement 5 – Splices Explain the uses for the • Back splice • Eye splice • Short splice
Using 1/4- or 3/8-inch three-stranded rope, demonstrate how to form each splice. 146 Rope Back splice
www.youtube.com/watch?v=HDSZzakW9us 147 Rope Back splice – Crown Knot
Back Splice starts with a Crown Knot 148 Rope Eye splice
www.youtube.com/watch?v=LQCXq0dVuKw 149 Rope Short splice
www.youtube.com/watch?v=6RnaOo4icSI 150 Rope Requirement 6 – Making Rope Using a rope-making device or machine, make a rope at least 6 feet long consisting of three strands, each having three yarns.
Whip the ends. 151 Rope Making Rope
www.youtube.com/watch?v=FMxquIjKT1w scoutpioneering.com/2013/05/15/making-rope 152 Rope Making Rope
Hook Separator Paddle Base Unit
Handle
scoutpioneering.com/2013/05/15/making-rope Pioneering Projects
Version 27 Apr 2019 154 Pioneering Projects Requirement 7 – Anchoring Explain the importance of effectively anchoring a pioneering project.
Describe to your counselor the 1-1-1 anchoring system and the log-and- stake anchoring methods. 155 Pioneering Projects Anchoring
www.youtube.com/watch?v=P0Yz_9Kr7VE 156 Pioneering Projects Requirement 8 – Rope Tackle With the approval of your counselor, demonstrate and use a rope tackle.
Be sure the rope tackle is secured properly.
Explain the advantages and limitations of using a rope tackle.
Describe the potential damage that friction can do to a rope.
All pioneering projects constructed for this merit badge must comply with height standards as outlined in the Guide to Safe Scouting. 157 Pioneering Projects Rope Tackle
www.youtube.com/watch?v=KowvHTu-8SQ 158 Pioneering Projects Requirement 9 – Trestle By yourself, build a trestle using square and diagonal lashings.
Explain why trestles are used when constructing pioneering projects. 159 Pioneering Projects Trestle • A trestle is the basic component for building a variety of bridges Diagonal Lashings • It’s used to support the walkways
Square Lashings
scoutpioneering.com/2013/03/01/making-a-trestle pioneeringmeritbadge.org/the-trestle 160 Pioneering Projects Requirement 10 - Full-Size Pioneering Project With the approval of your counselor and using appropriate lashings and pioneering techniques, build and use one full-size pioneering project from either group A or group B. Your project must comply with the requirements of the Guide to Safe Scouting. (Requirement 10 may be done at summer camp, at district or council events, or on a troop camp outing.) a. Tower OR bridge Anchor your project as appropriate and necessary. Explain how your anchoring system works. Group A projects may be worked on in a group and with others. b. Camp chair OR camp table Group B projects must be worked on individually. 161 Pioneering Projects Full-Size Pioneering Project – Group A – Tower • 14′ Double Ladder Signal Tower • Climbing Towers at the Jamboree • The Hourglass Tower at the Jamboree • The Stilt Tower at the Jamboree • The AT&T Spoof “Signal” Tower at the Jamboree • Tower Gateway (4 Flag Tower) • 14' Climbing Tower at Scout Camp 162 Pioneering Projects Full-Size Pioneering Project – Group A – Bridge • Pioneering Bridges and the Saga of the Bridge of Fifteen Nations • Single A-Frame Bridge • Single A-Frame Bridge Pictorial and Commentary • A-Frame Bridges at the Jamboree • Single Lock Bridge • Single Lock Bridge Photos and Commentary • Single Trestle Bridge • Single Trestle Bridge Photos and Commentary • Bridge Walkways • Double A-Frame Monkey Bridge • Double A-Frame Monkey Bridge Details • The Monkey Bridge at the Jamboree • Double Platform Monkey Bridge • Prestressed Triple Walkway Bridge 163 Pioneering Projects Full-Size Pioneering Project - Group B • Group B projects must be worked on individually • Camp Chair o Camp Seat at pioneeringmeritbadge.org o Tripod Straddle Seat at scoutpioneering.com
• Camp Table o Simple Camp Table at pioneeringmeritbadge.org o Simple Camp Table at scoutpioneering.com Final Thoughts
Version 27 Apr 2019 165 Final Thoughts Merit Badge Requirement Checklist ❑ Show completion of work Ideally - Turn in complete Workbook ❑ For Knot, Lashing, Whipping and Gadgets Need Photos showing completion of work
If you are unable to fill out a Workbook Please contact your councilor 166 Final Thoughts Final Thoughts • Pioneering is not only in important skill set – it can be a lot of fun! o A-Frame Chariot Race (square lashing) o Catch the Snapper (round lashing) o Crossing the Alligator Pit (square lashing, shear lashing) o Everyone on the Tripod (tripod and square lashing) o Flagpole Race (round lashing) o Ladder Building (square lashing) o Lift Seat Procession (floor lashing) o Reactor Transporter (tripod and square lashing) o Roman Chariot Race (square lashing) o Scout Stave Launcher (square lashing) o Self-Standing Flagpole Challenge (square lashing) o Snake Race (shear lashing) 167 Final Thoughts Looking for More? • Merit Badge Pamphlet is a great resource – it’s actually really good! Resources
Version 27 Apr 2019 169 Resources Resources • Merit Badge Pamphlet – Excellent Resource • scoutpioneering.com • pioneeringmeritbadge.org • troopleader.scouting.org/information-pioneering-2 Instructor’s Corner
Version 27 Apr 2019 171 Instructor’s Corner Instructor’s Corner • Thank you for teaching our scouts the Pioneering Merit Badge.