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Okf”Kzd Izfrosnuizfrosnu ANNUAL REPORT okf”kZdokf”kZd izfrosnuizfrosnu ANNUAL REPORT 2017 - 2018 <Ç BºÉ BºÉ +ÉäÉäÉä-®É¹]ÅÒªÉ {ÉÞl´ÉÒ Î´ÉYÉÉxÉ +vªÉªÉxÉ Eäòxpù ESSO-National Centre for Earth Science Studies (iqFoh foKku ea=ky;] Hkkjr ljdkj) (Ministry of Earth Sciences, Govt. of India) vkDdqye] fr#ouariqje&695011] Hkkjr Akkulam, Thiruvananthapuram-695011, India Annual Report 2017-18 Published by Director, National Centre for Earth Science Studies (NCESS) Co-ordination Dr. D. S. Suresh Babu, Chief Manager (i/c) Dr. N. Anil Kumar, H/DTC Editorial Committee Dr. D. Padmalal Dr. D. S. Suresh Babu Dr. L. Sheela Nair Dr. E. A. Resmi Dr. Nilanjana Sorcar Secretarial Assistance Smt. S. R. Reeja Raj Smt. R. P. Rejani Contents Contents From the Director’s Desk Committees 1. Crustal Processes 1.1 Palaeo fluids in the Petroliferous basins of western offshore, India ............................................................ 1 1.2 Granulite facies metamorphism in southern India: Petrology, geochemistry and isotopic studies to constrain timing of emplacement of granitoids; UHT metamorphism, melting and crustal evolution ............. 2 1.3 Crustal structure along the Western Ghats ............................................................................................... 6 1.4 Insights into Indian Ocean Geoid Low: Geodynamic exploration ............................................................. 7 1.5 The b-value mapping in Kerala ............................................................................................................. 7 1.6 Landslides and its triggering factors in the Western Ghats - An integrated geological, geotechnical and geophysical investigation ............................................................................................................................. 9 1.7 Crustal and mantle structure and geodynamic model for Western Ghats and deep lithospheric structure across shear zones, south India ............................................................................................................ 10 1.8 Palaeomagnetism and geochemistry of the Proterozoic igneous units to trace Indian shield within the supercontinental reconstructions and to unravel petrogenesis in terms of nature and development of subcontinental mantle lithosphere ............................................................................................................ 11 1.9 Palaeomagnetism and geochemistry of the late Phanerozoic magmatism, mantle plume evolution and the breakup history along the passive continental margins of India .............................................................. 12 1.10 Late Quaternary evolution of Kuttanad wetlands, SW India ............................................... 15 2. Coastal Processes 2.1 Beach morphodynamics along the Kozhikode coast, SW India ............................................................... 17 2.2 Response of human-induced changes in the distribution of sediments off Kozhikode coast ............................... 18 2.3 Magnetic susceptibility measurements of the inner shelf sediment off Kozhikode coast ............................... 19 2.4 Environmental magnetism and geochemistry of Beypore estuary, SW coast of India ............... 20 2.5 Submarine Groundwater Discharge at Kozhikode coast, SW India - Radon measurements and its implications .............................................................................................................................. 22 2.6 Development of video monitoring system for coastal applications .............................................................. 23 2.7 Sediment texture and geochemistry of different coastal environments and its implications on the provenance in southern Kerala .................................................................................................................................................. 25 2.8 Observational evidence of ephemeral sea states due to high frequency waves in the southern tip of Peninsular India .............................................................................................................................................................. 27 2.9 The Makran waves: A mid-latitudinal low level jet induced surface waves in the Arabian sea ............... 27 2.10 Establishment and maintenance of wave gauge stations along the SW coast of India .............................. 29 2.11 Infra-gravity waves in the northern Indian ocean and its implications on the west coast of India ............... 30 2.12 Landform dynamics and its impact on stability of coastal zone - A case of Kozhikode coast, west coast of India ............................................................................................................................................................... 31 2.13 A multidisciplinary approach for flooding and environmental degradation in Munroe island, Kerala ........... 32 2.14 Wetland studies of Akathumuri - Anchuthengu - Kadinamkulam (AAK) estuarine system, south west coast of India .............................................................................................................................................. 34 2.15 Studies on selected rivers in different climatic regime, Southern India ............................................... 35 2.16 Assessment of an urban aquifer vulnerability using GIS based drastic model, Greater Cochin, India ......... 36 3. Atmospheric Processes 3.1 Study on temporal and spatial variation of satellite observed lightning hotspots in India ............................... 37 ESSO-NCESS Annual Report 2017-18 i 3.2 A study on rainfall, cloud cover and near surface meteorology along southwest India ...................................... 37 3.3 Rainfall characteristics during southwest monsoon from a tropical station - A comparison between MRR and Optical Disdrometer ................................................................................................................................ 38 3.4 Seasonal variation of tropical rain in terms of duration and event number .............................................. 39 3.5 Monsoon low level jet and the variation in thermal structure in wet and dry rainfall episodes over southwest India ................................................................................................................................................................ 40 Contents 3.6 Microphysical properties in rainfall over a mid and high land region in the Western Ghats ................ 40 3.7 Diurnal cycle of precipitation and clouds over a coastal site, Thiruvananthapuram .............................. 41 3.8 Development and performance validation of short range PM10 models in a tropical semi-urban location in south India .............................................................................................................................................. 42 3.9 Observation on the variation of black carbon aerosol and source identification over the tropical station in south India .............................................................................................................................................. 43 3.10 Green house gases (CO2 and CH4), CO and total NMHC at Trivandrum: a tropical inland site in south India .............................................................................................................................................. 43 3.11 Analysisi of CO2 concentrations in Nepenthes pitchers and their role in attracting preys .............................. 44 4. Hydrological Processes 4.1 Water Resources 4.1.1 Setting-up of critical zone observatories in selected watersheds of the southern Western Ghats ..... 45 4.1.2 River hydrology of southern Western Ghats - Monitoring and modelling ............... 46 4.1.3 Effect of changes in precipitation characteistics on the hydrology of tropical river basins of southern Western Ghats, India .................................................................... .......................... 49 4.1.4 Hydrological assessment of groundwater potential zones of Cauvery river basin, south India ......... 50 4.1.5 Solute dynamics and modelling in the river catchments of southern Western Ghats, India ........... 51 4.1.6 Hydro-chemical characteristics of groundwater in Bhavani river basin .............................. 52 4.1.7 Evolution, hydro-geochemistry and drinking water potential of spring water resources of Western Ghats .............................................................................................................................. 54 4.1.8 Moisture source variations and associated water circulation in Periyar river basin, southern Western Ghats ............................................................................................................................. 54 4.2 Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 4.2.1 Quantification of natural and anthropogenic inputs to the dissolved loads of Western Ghats rivers, India: associated silicate weathering and CO2 consumption rates ................................................ 56 4.2.2 Geochemical characterization of surface sediments in a tropical lacustrine wetland system, Kerala, SW India ................................................................................................................................. 57 4.2.3 An integrated approach on evaluation of hydrochemical parameters of riverine systems in Trivandrum urban area along with phosphate removal studies ................................................................ 58 4.2.4 Speciation and
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