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Crime and Punishment: Early Modern 1500-1700 Crime Factors Law Enforcement Factors Punishment Factors

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Crime and Punishment: Early Modern 1500-1700 Crime Factors Law Enforcement Factors Punishment Factors History Paper 1 – Crime and Punishment: Early Modern 1500-1700 Crime Factors Law Enforcement Factors Punishment factors 1 Religious ideas 13 Role of local communities 21 Purpose of punishment: deterrence, retribution or reform? 2 Political change 14 Government spending 22 Fear of Crime 3 Poverty 15 Increased population 23 Social change 4 Increased population 16 New technology 24 Role of individuals Early Modern: Punishment Early Modern: Law Enforcement 5 Increased taxation 25 Continuity Humiliation punishments, fines and 17 Continuity Hue and cry, tithing 6 New technology corporal punishments such as whipping from Middle 7 Increased movement of people Ages 26 Burning at the Punishment for heresy stake Early Modern Crime 18 Watchmen Unpaid volunteers who patrolled towns 27 Hanged drawn Punishment for treason. Hanged for a 8 Petty In Early Modern England 75% of all crime was theft of small at night and quartered minute, then disemboweled and theft items e.g. food, livestock. castrated, Organs were burnt on a fire. 19 Town , paid jog, in charge of Then victim chopped into 4 pieces. 9 Heresy – • 1534 - Act of Supremacy. English law that made Henry VIII constable the watchmen not the “Supreme Head of the Church of England.” 28 1531 Vagabonds undeserving vagabonds punished by 20 1520 Sanctuary abolished following • Edward VI made protestant changes Act – whipping, deserving vagabonds given the • Mary I : Bloody Mary, executes nearly 300 Protestants. 21 1624 Benefit of clergy permission to beg by Justices of the religion • 1559 Elizabethan Settlement. Heresy convictions decline as Peace of the religious tolerance increased abolished monarch • 1640s. Cromwell replaced heresy laws with crime of 29 1547 – Vagabonds punished by being enslaved 20 Trials Quarter sessions, trial blasphemy. Vagabonds Act for 2 years continuity by jury, royal court 30 1601 The Poor Local parishes could raise money by 10 Treason • 1534 - Act of Supremacy. English law that made Henry VIII Law taxes to pay for helping the deserving the “Supreme Head of the Church of England.”. Anyone who poor. Undeserving poor e.g. vagabonds does not recognise his marriage to Anne Boleyn was were sent to ‘Houses of Correction’ and executed for treason. put to work • Elizabeth executes catholic Plotters e,g, Duke of Norfolk, for treason. • 1605. James I increased fines paid by Catholics. Guy Fawkes 31 1610 – . Criminals were transported for 7 and Gunpowder Plotters arrested for treason. Transportation years, 14 years or life. Had to complete to America hard labour on farms or building roads. 32 1688 number of capital crimes increased 11 Witchcra • 1597; James I book ‘Demonology’ warns of the dangers of Bloody Code from 11 to 50. Start of what Historians ft witchcraft refer to as the Bloody Code • 1604: communicating with the devil made punishable by death • 1640s: Mathew Hopkins the witch finder general tortures 33 execution For serious crimes like murder, women into confessing to witchcraft. witchcraft, treason, counterfeiting money , rape, piracy, arson of a 12 Vagabon • 1536 Henry VIII closed the monasteries dwelling house or barn with corn in it, ds- • 1567 Thomas Harman published ‘A Warning for Vagabonds’. highway robbery, stealing from work, unemplo Spread panic about criminals vagabonds e.g. counterfeit horse theft, robbing churches and yed and crank pretended to be sick, Tom o’bedlam pretended to be burglary homeless mad. • 1570s very poor harvests led to increased food prices • Increased population means more unemployed and hungry History Paper 1 – Crime and Punishment: Early Modern 1500-1700 Crime Factors Law Enforcement Factors Punishment factors 1 13 21 2 14 22 3 15 23 4 16 24 Early Modern: Punishment Early Modern: Law Enforcement 5 6 17 Continuity 7 25 Continuity from Middle Early Modern Crime Ages 8 Petty 18 Watchmen theft 26 Burning at the stake 9 Heresy – not 19 Town following constable the 27 Hanged drawn religion and quartered 20 1520 of the monarch 28 1531 Vagabonds 21 1624 Act – 10 Treason 29 1547 – Vagabonds Act 20 Trials continuity 30 1601 The Poor Law 11 Witchcra 31 1610 – ft Transportation to America 32 1688 Bloody Code 12 Vagabon ds- unemplo 33 execution yed and homeless.
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