Nightvision Town Centres for All
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The Civic Trust NightVision Town Centres for All NIGHTVISION TOWN CENTRES FOR ALL Supported by The Department for Communities and Local Government, The BCSC Educational Trust, Land Securities, the Institute of Alcohol Studies, St George and Grosvenor October 2006 The Civic Trust NightVision Town Centres for All CONTENTS Page Foreword: Baroness Andrews OBE Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State The Department for Communities and Local Government 1 Civic Trust Foreword and Acknowledgements Beyond just coping 3 The Civic Trust and 5pm to 9am 3 The Programme of Research 4 The Civic Trust and NightVision 4 Executive Summary 5 1. Town Centres for All 1.1 Positive and negative visions 8 1.2 How the dream turned sour: eight stages 9 One: out of hours and out of luck! 9 Two: the 24 hour city 9 Three: planning for growth 9 Four: the “urban renaissance” 9 Five: loosening the ties 9 Six: the storm clouds gather 2000-2005 10 Seven: the 2003 Licensing Act 10 Eight: a new realism? 10 1.3 How big? 11 1.4 Counting the cost 11 1.5 How can diversity help? 11 1.6 In ten years’ time? 13 2. The 5 to 9 Centre Today 2.1 Snapshots of urban nightlife 14 Manchester: something for everyone? 14 Shoreditch, London: fashionable and edgy 15 The Mailbox, Birmingham: upmarket and aspirational 15 Xscape, Milton Keynes: a mega family attraction 15 Reading: hi-tech and highballs 16 Blackpool: reinventing the seaside “party town” 17 2.2 What town centres offer today: local authority survey 17 2.2.1 What’s open and what’s not 18 2.2.2 What still works after hours 20 2.2.3 Concern about alcohol domination 20 2.2.4 Barriers to going out 21 2.2.5 Focus group perceptions/experience of town centres today 21 The Civic Trust NightVision Town Centres for All Page 2.3 Common barriers to going out at night: focus group research of non-participants 22 2.3.1 Transport 22 2.3.2 Policing, safety and security 22 2.3.3 Style and type of venue 23 2.3.4 Childcare 24 2.3.5 Cost 24 2.4 Perceptions of 18-35s: electronic and postal survey 25 2.4.1 When you go out 25 2.4.2 What you do 25 2.4.3 What influences your choice? 27 2.4.4 Chief concerns 27 3. Inclusive Town Centres and Consumers of Tomorrow 3.1 What do we want? 31 3.1.1 Focus group research of non-participants 31 3.1.2 More choice in bars and pubs 31 3.1.3 Entertainment for children and families 32 3.1.4 Culture and events 33 3.2 Perceptions of 18-35s: email survey 33 3.2.1 Transport 34 3.2.2 Shops and services 34 3.2.3 Eating out 35 3.2.4 Public venues 35 3.2.5 Arts culture and events 36 3.3 Conclusions 36 4. View from the Front Line – The Industry 4.1 Introduction 39 4.1.1 National operators 40 4.1.2 Five hotspots 40 4.2 Our Findings 41 4.2.1 Growth will continue 41 4.2.2 A handful of corporate owners dominate the high street at night 41 4.2.3 Safety, crime and antisocial behaviour – not as bad as you think? 41 4.2.4 Perception and reality 41 4.2.5 Acceptable levels of misbehaviour? 42 4.2.6 More police on the beat needed 42 4.2.7 Bingeing, price discounting and responsible service 42 4.2.8 A commercial imperative 43 4.2.9 Not discounting can create diversity 44 The Civic Trust NightVision Town Centres for All Page 4.2.10 Saturation: too many businesses touting for custom 44 4.2.11 Physical proximity matters 44 4.2.12 All agreed that a lack of infrastructure is making things worse 44 4.2.13 Late transport is improving, but is still poor 45 4.2.14 No free public toilets available 45 4.2.15 Partnerships – mixed support 45 4.2.16 Partnership should be corporate and local policy 46 4.2.17 Criteria for success 46 4.2.18 Generally against paying more for better town centres – an “extra tax” 47 4.3 The Licensing Act and the future 47 4.4 Practical steps 48 4.5 Overall – a lack of consensus 49 4.6 A nationally agreed framework is needed 50 5. Market Futures, Diversity and Products of Tomorrow 5.1 Introduction 52 5.2 Alcohol and the 18 to 30s 52 5.3 Market forces have squeezed out diversity in the evening economy 53 5.4 Market “failure”? 53 5.5 Consumers will slowly become more diverse 54 5.5.1 Over 30s are a market opportunity 54 5.5.2 More people are drinking at home 54 5.5.3 Family and household change provides an opportunity 54 5.5.4 Women-friendly venues can change the culture 55 5.5.5 Gay-owned premises are making a difference 55 5.5.6 Students will become increasingly important to the diversity of the evening economy 55 5.5.7 Teenagers remain an excluded group 55 5.6 Product innovation and diversity 56 5.6.1 The market has become saturated 56 5.6.2 Drinking is cheaper. Alcohol is getting stronger. More product choice and higher quality? 57 5.6.3 The pub will remain the mainstay of the evening economy 57 5.6.4 The rise of food-led venues will continue. Consumers are becoming more adventurous! 57 5.6.5 Large venues and themed concepts are in decline 58 5.6.6 Clubs have had a rough ride but new formats are emerging 58 5.6.7 “Culturepreneurs” need room to grow 59 5.6.8 The challenge of town centre versus edge of centre and out of town leisure 59 5.6.9 Cinema – a truly diverse space, but not the town centre force it once was 60 The Civic Trust NightVision Town Centres for All Page 5.6.10 Live entertainment rocks, but could rock harder! 60 5.6.11 City breaks bring in the big spenders, but they can be fickle 61 5.6.12 Shops will gradually open later – lagging way behind social change 62 5.7 Public buildings at the heart of the evening economy? 63 5.7.1 Museums and galleries are (almost) the new clubs 63 5.7.2 The library as “a night out” 64 6. Creating Town Centres for All 6.1 A better way forward. New goals 67 6.2 A success story, but could be better? 67 6.3 Town centres for all 68 6.4 The challenge of the future 68 6.5 The future is about delivery 68 6.6 Diversity is part of the solution 68 6.7 What does diversity look like? 69 6.8 Ten principles One. Embody the community health agenda in policy and transform behavioural norms 70 Two. Collect the basic data. Develop a sophisticated market and consumer understanding to go alongside performance measures and inclusion targets 72 Three. Promote local choice. Encourage the “fresh shoots” of innovation and growth 73 Four. Create family-friendly and child-friendly centres 74 Five. Improve accessibility. Deliver safe, affordable public transport at night 75 Six. Set new standards in customer care. Make the public realm welcoming and hospitable 76 Seven. Good planning – “a once-in-a-generation opportunity”? 78 Eight. Place-making: develop a new language of design 80 Nine. Promote flexible hours and multiple use of public buildings 81 Ten. Extend shopping and other services into the evening 82 7. Setting Standards, Delivering Success 7.1 Taking responsibility 84 7.1.1 Operators and managers 84 7.1.2 Developers and landlords 84 7.1.3 Town planners 86 7.1.4 Agencies for regulation and infrastructure 86 7.1.5 Residents – eyes and ears 86 7.1.6 Consumers – the missing voice? 86 7.2 Four stages of partnership 87 7.3 Three policy imperatives 87 The Civic Trust NightVision Town Centres for All Page 7.4 First imperative: six steps in control and customer care 88 1. A consensus for action based on fresh values 88 2. Restore order 88 3. Promote voluntary codes and standards 88 4. Empower the community in support 88 5. Deliver higher standards of customer care 89 6. Place marketing and changing perceptions 90 7.5 Second Imperative: a vision and strategy for a more diverse future 90 NightVision proofing model 90 Step one: research – a “diversity audit” 91 Step two: vision and framework 93 Step three: “NightVision proofing” of strategies and plans 94 Step four: action and delivery 94 Step five: evaluation of impact 94 7.6 Third imperative: integrated delivery and management 95 A learning curve 95 Stage one: liaison 95 Stage two: crisis management 95 Stage three: integrated management 96 Stage four: BIDs - ownership and delivery 97 7.7 Beyond BIDs? 98 Appendices Appendix 1: Civic Trust research reports 101 Appendix 2: The evening economy proofing model 104 Appendix 3: Acknowledgements: authors, co n tr ib u tor s, s p o ns o r s and Advisory Panel members 105 The Civic Trust NightVision Town Centres for All Foreword Foreword Baroness Andrews OBE, Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State The Department of Communities and Local Government Town centres should be for everyone to enjoy. Unfortunately this is not always the case. Rapid social and cultural trends have changed the way we use our towns and cities after hours.